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10 views4 pages

CN Expt 1

Uploaded by

ganeshsuryawanshi2022
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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EXPERIMENT NO.

AIM: Use basic networking commands in Linux (ping, tracert,


nslookup, netstat, ARP, RARP, ip, ifconfig, dig, route )

THEORY:

1. ifconfig
ifconfig(interface configuration) command is used to configure the kernel-resident
networkinterfaces. It is used at the boot time to set up the interfaces as necessary. After
that, it is usuallyused when needed during debugging or when you need system tuning.
Also, this commandisusedto assign the IP address and netmask to an interface or to
enable or disable a given interface.

2. NSLOOKUP
Nslookup (stands for “Name Server Lookup”) is a useful command for getting
informationfrom DNS server. It is a network administration tool for querying the
Domain NameSystem(DNS) to obtain domain name or IP address mapping or any
other specific DNSrecord. It isalso used to troubleshoot DNS related problems.
3. Ping

PING (Packet Internet Groper) command is used to check the network connectivity
between host and server/host. This command takes as input the IP address or the URL
and sends a data packet to the specified address with the message “PING” and get a
response from the server/host this time is recorded which is called latency. Fast ping
low latency means faster connection. Ping uses ICMP(Internet Control Message
Protocol) to send an ICMPechomessage to the specified host if that host is available
then it sends ICMP reply message. Ping is generally measured in millisecond every
modern operating system has this ping pre-installed.
4. TRACEROUTE
traceroute command in Linux prints the route that a packet takes to reach the
host. Thiscommand is useful when you want to know about the route and about all the
hops that apacket takes. Below image depicts how traceroute command is used to reach
the Google(172.217.26.206) host from the local machine and it also prints detail about all
thehopsthat it visits in between.

5. Netstat
Netstat command displays various network related information such as network
connections,routing tables, interface statistics, masquerade connections, multicast
memberships etc.,
6. ARP
arp command manipulates the System’s ARP cache. It also allows a complete
dumpofthe ARP cache. ARP stands for Address Resolution Protocol. The primary
function of thisprotocol is to resolve the IP address of a system to its mac address, and
hence it works betweenlevel 2(Data link layer) and level 3(Network layer).

CONCLUSION:
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