Exp-3 External Indicator

Experiment-3
AIM: To estimate the strength of given Mohr’s salt solution by titrating against given
potassium dichromate solution using external indicator potassium ferricyanide.
MATERIAL REQUIRED: N/40 standard solution of Mohr’s salt, potassium dichromate

solution, 2N sulphuric acid, indicator potassium ferricyanide, grooved tile.
THEORY:
Potassium dichromate acts as an oxidizing agent in an acidic medium only. Potassium

dichromate in neutral water forms a 1:1 mixture of dichromate and chromate due to hydrolysis
of dichromate ions.
Cr2O72– + H2O = 2 CrO42– + 2H+

Orange yellow
Dichromate is a stronger oxidizing agent than chromate, but its oxidizing strength is reduced in
a neutral solution. Adding acid can reverse the hydrolysis reaction, which is why an acidic
medium is necessary for the reaction.
Mohr's salt [FeSO4.(NH4) 2SO4.6H2O] is a double salt of ferrous sulphate and ammonium
sulphate, with ferrous sulphate being the active ingredient. When acidic K2Cr2O7 is added to
a Mohr's salt solution, only FeSO4 gets oxidized while (NH4) 2SO4 remains unchanged. The
reactions take place are as follows:
K2Cr2O7 + 4H2SO4 → K2SO4 + Cr2(SO4)3 + 4H2O + 3O

6FeSO4 + 3H2SO4 + 3O → 3Fe2(SO4)3+ H2O
—————————————————————
K2Cr2O7 + 6FeSO4 + 7H2SO4 → K2SO4 + Cr2(SO4)3 + 3Fe2(SO4)3+ 7H2O
In ionic form the reaction can be written as:
Cr2O72- + 6Fe2+ + 14 H+ → 2 Cr3+ + 6Fe3++ 7H2O

Orange green
Where dichromate is oxidizing and ferrous salt is reducing agents.
The green colour is formed due to reduced Cr3+ ions, and an indicator is added since there
is no prominent colour change to indicate the endpoint of the redox reaction. Potassium
ferricyanide is used as an external indicator to check the oxidization of Fe2+ions to
Fe3+ions. The dichromate solution only oxidizes ions Fe2+ to Fe3+ ions, and once all Fe2+
ions are consumed, it oxidizes potassium ferricyanide, turning the green solution into blue
colour, with a blue to colourless solution indicating a sharp colour change at the endpoint.
Procedure:
1) Clean grooved tile was taken added 2 drops of the indicator -potassium ferricyanide in
each grove.
2) Pipetted out 10 mL of the standard Mohr’s salt solution in a conical flask.
3) Added 10 ml of 2N H2SO4 to the same flask.
4) Slowly titrated this solution against potassium dichromate till the green colour started
appearing.
5) Dipped a clean glass rod in the reaction mixture and then in the indicator taken in the
grooved tile.
6) Noticed that blue colouration or precipitate indicates the presence of reactant Fe2+ in the
solution.
7) Continued titration with the same mixture, added 1mL, repeated the indicator step, and
observed the colour change.
8) Repeated the above two steps till no blue colouration is observed when the reaction
mixture is added to the indicator.
9) Repeated the above titration for 2 concordant readings.
10) Now pipetted 10 mL of the given Mohr’s salt solution and repeated the above titration to
obtain two concordant readings.
Observations:
Weight of empty weighing bottle:
Weight of weighing bottle + mohr’s salt(W1 ):
Weight of weighing bottle after transfer (W2):
Weight of Mohr’s salt transferred: W1-W2
Normality of prepared mohr’s salt solution = (w x 1000)/(E x Vml)
I) Titration of standard Mohr’s salt solution vs potassium dichromate

volume of Mohr’s salt solution taken = 10mL
Indicator = potassium ferricyanide
Endpoint = blue to colourless
S.No. Initial Burette reading Final Burette reading Volume of K2Cr2O7

Added (mL)
2
.
Calculation of Normality of K2Cr2O7 solution

Nmohr Vmohr = NK2Cr2O7 VK2Cr2O7
II) Titration of given Mohr’s salt solution vs potassium dichromate

(A) volume of Mohr’s salt solution taken = 10mL
(B) Indicator = potassium ferricyanide
(C) Endpoint = blue to colourless
S.No. Initial Burette reading Final Burette reading Volume Added

K2Cr2O7 (mL)
1
2
.
Calculation of normality of given Mohr’s salt solution

Nmohr Vmohr = NK2Cr2O7 VK2Cr2O7
Strength of given mohr’s salt solution = Nmohr x equivalent weight of mohr’s salt
= N X 392 g/L
Result: The strength of given mohr’s salt solution was found to be ——g/L.
Precautions:
1. Clean all the apparatus with distilled water before the experiment.
2. Always read the upper meniscus in the burette.
3. Do not forget to add 2N H2SO4 to provide an acidic medium.
4. Add the titrant slowly near the endpoint to avoid overshooting the equivalence point
5. Record and measure precisely to avoid errors in calculation.

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Experiment-3

MATERIAL REQUIRED: N/40 standard solution of Mohr’s salt, potassium dichromate

Potassium dichromate acts as an oxidizing agent in an acidic medium only. Potassium

Cr2O72– + H2O = 2 CrO42– + 2H+

K2Cr2O7 + 4H2SO4 → K2SO4 + Cr2(SO4)3 + 4H2O + 3O

K2Cr2O7 + 6FeSO4 + 7H2SO4 → K2SO4 + Cr2(SO4)3 + 3Fe2(SO4)3+ 7H2O

In ionic form the reaction can be written as:

Cr2O72- + 6Fe2+ + 14 H+ → 2 Cr3+ + 6Fe3++ 7H2O

ferricyanide is used as an external indicator to check the oxidization of Fe2+ions to

Normality of prepared mohr’s salt solution = (w x 1000)/(E x Vml)

I) Titration of standard Mohr’s salt solution vs potassium dichromate

S.No. Initial Burette reading Final Burette reading Volume of K2Cr2O7

Calculation of Normality of K2Cr2O7 solution

II) Titration of given Mohr’s salt solution vs potassium dichromate

S.No. Initial Burette reading Final Burette reading Volume Added

Calculation of normality of given Mohr’s salt solution

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