Action Research For FS 24 25

Title:
Improving Student Engagement in Online Learning for High School Students
1. Introduction
 Problem Statement: Many high school students experience reduced engagement and
motivation in online learning environments, impacting their academic performance.
 Purpose of the Study: To implement and assess strategies that increase student
engagement in online learning for high school students.
 Research Questions:
1. What strategies can effectively enhance student engagement in online learning for
high school students?
2. How do different engagement strategies affect student motivation and
participation?
 Significance: This study seeks to provide insights into engagement techniques to support
teachers and improve the overall effectiveness of online learning.
2. Literature Review
 Theories of Engagement: Examine self-determination theory, social constructivism, and

the relevance of student engagement for academic success.
 Online Learning and Engagement Challenges: Explore current research on the specific
challenges students face in online settings.
 Effective Engagement Strategies: Review evidence-based strategies such as interactive
activities, collaborative projects, gamification, and the use of multimedia.
3. Methodology
 Research Design: Action research with a cycle of planning, action, observation, and
reflection.
 Participants: 50 grades 9-12 high school students in a virtual learning environment.
 Data Collection Methods:
o Surveys: Pre- and post-intervention surveys to measure student attitudes towards
online learning.
o Observations: Document frequency and type of engagement in discussion
forums, assignments, and live sessions.
o Focus Groups: Conduct group interviews to understand students' experiences and
gather qualitative feedback.
 Intervention Strategies:
o Gamification elements like badges and leaderboards.
o Weekly breakout room discussions to foster collaboration.
o Short, interactive video lessons.
4. Data Analysis
 Quantitative Analysis: Use statistical analysis to measure the change in engagement

scores before and after implementing strategies.
 Qualitative Analysis: Thematic coding of focus group transcripts to identify common
themes related to engagement and motivation.
5. Findings
 Quantitative Results: Present pre- and post-survey scores, indicating a significant

increase in engagement after the intervention.
 Qualitative Results: Describe themes such as “Increased Sense of Community,”
“Preference for Interactive Content,” and “Higher Motivation through Gamification.”
 Examples: Provide specific feedback from students on what they found most engaging
and least effective.
6. Discussion
 Interpretation of Results: Analyze how each strategy impacted engagement and

motivation, linking findings to literature review.
 Implications for Practice: Discuss how teachers can incorporate similar strategies in
other online or hybrid settings to boost engagement.
7. Conclusion
 Summary of Key Findings: Highlight that gamification, peer interaction, and

multimedia resources were most effective in engaging students.
 Limitations: Discuss any constraints, such as sample size or limited observation period.
 Recommendations for Further Research: Suggest exploring other age groups,
additional engagement strategies, or alternative online platforms.
8. References
 Cite all research articles, books, and online sources reviewed in the study.
9. Appendices
 Survey Instruments: Include pre- and post-survey questionnaires.

 Observation and Focus Group Protocols: Provide templates and guidelines used during
observations and interviews.
Title:
Enhancing Reading Comprehension in Elementary Students Using Visualization and
Summarization Strategies
1. Introduction
 Problem Statement: Many elementary students struggle with reading comprehension,

which affects their performance across subjects. Common comprehension difficulties
include remembering details, understanding main ideas, and making inferences.
 Purpose of the Study: To implement and assess the impact of visualization and
summarization strategies on improving reading comprehension for elementary students.
 Research Questions:
1. How does using visualization as a reading comprehension strategy impact student
understanding of texts?
2. How does summarization affect students’ retention and comprehension of reading
material?
 Significance: Developing effective reading comprehension strategies can help students
improve academically, fostering better long-term literacy and critical thinking skills.
2. Literature Review
 Theories of Reading Comprehension: Discuss theories on how comprehension

develops, including schema theory and the role of metacognition in understanding text.
 Challenges in Reading Comprehension: Outline common difficulties young readers
face, such as limited vocabulary and lack of background knowledge.
 Visualization and Summarization Strategies: Review research showing how
visualization (creating mental images of the story) and summarization (condensing text
into key ideas) can help students process and retain information.
3. Methodology
 Research Design: Action research following a cyclical model—planning, action,

observation, and reflection.
 Participants: 30 fourth-grade students with varied reading levels.
 Data Collection Methods:
o Pre- and Post-Tests: Reading comprehension tests before and after the
intervention.
o Teacher Observations: Notes on student engagement and use of strategies during
reading sessions.
o Student Journals: Students record their mental images (visualizations) and
written summaries of reading material.
 Intervention Strategies:
o Visualization: Teachers guide students to create mental images of scenes,
characters, and events as they read. Students practice “drawing” or describing
their images.
o Summarization: After reading a passage, students summarize the main ideas and
key details in their own words.
4. Data Analysis
 Quantitative Analysis: Analyze test scores from pre- and post-tests to measure
improvement in comprehension.
 Qualitative Analysis: Identify patterns in teacher observation notes and student journals,
particularly focusing on students' descriptions of their visualizations and accuracy in
summarizing texts.
5. Findings
 Quantitative Results: Post-test results show an increase in comprehension scores,

indicating that visualization and summarization improved students’ understanding.
 Qualitative Results: Observation notes reveal that students who actively visualized
details were more engaged and retained information better. Student journals reflect
growth in their ability to identify and summarize main ideas.
6. Discussion
 Interpretation of Results: Visualization helped students form connections to the text,

while summarization reinforced comprehension and retention.
 Implications for Practice: Teachers can incorporate regular visualization and
summarization exercises to support reading comprehension, especially for complex texts.
7. Conclusion
 Summary of Key Findings: Visualization and summarization positively impacted

comprehension, with students demonstrating improved recall and understanding of main
ideas.
 Limitations: A small sample size and limited observation period.
 Recommendations for Further Research: Future studies could investigate how these
strategies work across different grade levels or with diverse texts.
8. References
 Include research studies on reading comprehension strategies, books on literacy

education, and scholarly articles on visualization and summarization techniques.
9. Appendices
 Reading Passages: Sample texts used for visualization and summarization exercises.
 Teacher Observation Form: Template used to track engagement and comprehension
during the intervention.
 Student Journal Samples: Examples of student visualization and summarization entries.

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Title:

Improving Student Engagement in Online Learning for High School Students

 Theories of Engagement: Examine self-determination theory, social constructivism, and

 Quantitative Analysis: Use statistical analysis to measure the change in engagement

 Quantitative Results: Present pre- and post-survey scores, indicating a significant

 Interpretation of Results: Analyze how each strategy impacted engagement and

 Summary of Key Findings: Highlight that gamification, peer interaction, and

 Survey Instruments: Include pre- and post-survey questionnaires.

 Problem Statement: Many elementary students struggle with reading comprehension,

 Theories of Reading Comprehension: Discuss theories on how comprehension

 Research Design: Action research following a cyclical model—planning, action,

 Quantitative Results: Post-test results show an increase in comprehension scores,

 Interpretation of Results: Visualization helped students form connections to the text,

 Summary of Key Findings: Visualization and summarization positively impacted

 Include research studies on reading comprehension strategies, books on literacy

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