Unit Review Notes Physics 4

Unit 4 Review Sheet Name _______________________
KEY
Terms:
inertia air resistance trajectory
force terminal velocity vertical velocity
net force projectile horizontal velocity
Newton’ s 1st Law - Law of ____________
Inertia
Newton’ s 2nd Law - Law of _____________
Acceleration
Newton’ s 3rd Law - Law of _____________
Action-Reaction
I. Problems:
1. What is the weight of an object whose mass is 4.2 kg?

F = ma (W = mg)
m
F = (4.2 kg)(9.8 s2
) = 41. N
2. If the object in #1 is pushed across the floor with a net force of 20 N, what
will the acceleration be?
Facross = maacross
F 20 N m
a= = = 4.8 s2
m 4.2 kg
3. Where would a sack of flour land horizontally from the dropping point if it were
dropped out of a plane flying horizontally at 60.0 m/s at an altitude of 300.0
m? Use vertical information...
Vertical Horizontal d
t=? v=
d = 300.0 m v = 60.0 m/s t
a = 9.8 m/s2 d=? d= 1
at 2 m
vi = 0
2 d = vt = (60.0 s )(7.8 s) = 469 m
t=? 2d 2(300.0 m)
t= = = 7.8 s
a 9.8 sm2
4. While skiing, Ellen encounters an unexpected bump that she leaves traveling
horizontally at 12.0 m/s. (a) How far out from her starting point will she land
if she falls from a height of 7.00 m? (b) What is the final vertical velocity?
Vertical Horizontal t=?

d = 7.00 m v = 12.0 m/s d= 1
at 2
a = 9.8 m/s2 d=? 2
vf = ?
vi = 0 2d 2(7.00 m)
t=? t= = = 1.19 s v f 2 = vi 2 + 2ad
a 9.8 sm2
a) b) v f = 2ad
d
v= = 2(9.8 m
)(7.00 m)
t s2
m
d = vt = (12.0 m
s )(1.19 s) = 14.3 m = 11.7 s
PHYSICSFundamentals
© 2004, GPB
4-21a
KEY
5. A “g”is an acceleration of 9.80 m/s2. How much force is needed to accelerate a

0.0090 kg object at 3.0 “g’s”?
a = 3g = 3.0 9.8 m
s2
= 29.4 m
s2
m
F = ma = (0.0090 kg)(29.4 s2
) = 0.26 N
6. What force is required to stop a 1200 kg in 7.0 s if the car is traveling at 22

m/s?
m = 1200 kg t = 7.0 s v f - vi 0 - 22 ms m
F=? vi = 22 m/s a= = = -3.14 s2
a=? vf = 0 t 7.0 s
m
F = ma = (1200 kg)(3.14 s2
) = 3800 N (backwards)
7. a. What is the acceleration of a falling skydiver (mass 72 kg including the

parachute) when the upward force of air resistance is equal to ¼ of her total
weight?
m
Fweight = mg = (72 kg)(9.8 s2
) = 706 N
Fnet 530 N m
Fair = 14 (706 N) = 176 N a= = = 7.4 s2
m 72 kg
Fnet = 706 N - 176 N = 530 N = ma
b. Shortly after opening her parachute, the skydiver descends to the ground
at constant velocity. What is the air resistance on her now?
Fnet = 0, so Fair = Fweight = 706 N
8. A stone is thrown horizontally at 8.0 m/s from the edge of a cliff 78 m high.
How far from the base of the cliff does the ball land?
t=?
Vertical Horizontal
d
d = 78 m v = 8.0 m/s d= 1
2
at 2 v=
a = 9.8 m/s2 d=? t
vi = 0 t=? 2d 2(78 m) m
t= = = 4.0 s d = vt = (8.0 s )(4.0 s) = 32 m
t=? a 9.8 sm2
PHYSICSFundamentals
© 2004, GPB
4-21b
KEY
II. The following statements are false. Tell what is wrong with each or
change it to a true statement.
1. An object always moves in the direction of the net force applied to it.
accelerates
2. A horse must pull a cart harder than the cart pulls back on the horse to
move forward.
The horse must push back on the ground to move the cart.
3. Action-reaction forces cancel out so that neither object can accelerate.

They don’ t cancel because they act on two different objects.
OR
The objects can accelerate because of differences in inertia (mass).
4. When a car hits a bug, the bug hits back with the same force and both car
and bug accelerate equally.
The bug accelerates more because it has less inertia (mass).
5. If everyone inside a car pushes forward on the car, they can make the car
speed up.
An external force is required –the occupants
have nothing to exert a force against.
6. To hit a distant target with an arrow, Robin Hood should aim directly at the
target. above
7. A feather and a hammer will fall with the same acceleration in a vacuum
because there is no gravity in a vacuum.
air
8. The real reason for #7 is that gravity pulls the feather and the hammer
with the same force.
acceleration
9. When the human cannonball leaves the barrel of the cannon, his horizontal
motion is accelerated and his vertical motion is uniform.
uniform accelerated
PHYSICSFundamentals
© 2004, GPB
4-21c

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Unit 4 Review Sheet Name _______________________

1. What is the weight of an object whose mass is 4.2 kg?

Vertical Horizontal t=?

5. A “g”is an acceleration of 9.80 m/s2. How much force is needed to accelerate a

6. What force is required to stop a 1200 kg in 7.0 s if the car is traveling at 22

7. a. What is the acceleration of a falling skydiver (mass 72 kg including the

Fnet = 0, so Fair = Fweight = 706 N

3. Action-reaction forces cancel out so that neither object can accelerate.

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