UNIVERSITY OF LUCKNOW

GOODS AND SERVICE TAX AND E-WAY

BILL
SUMMER INTERNSHIP REPORT

SUBMITTED BY:- KUSHAGRI GUATAM

ROLL NO.:- 2110012025085 (59)
B.COM (HONOURS) SEMESTER:- 5
SECTION:- ‘A’
SUBMITTED TO:- DR. BIMAL JAISWAL
FACULTY OF COMMERCE
UNIVERSITY OF LUCKNOW
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The internship opportunity I had with Next Accounting

Services was a great chance for learning and
professional development. Therefore, I consider myself
as a very lucky individual as I was provided with an
opportunity to be a part of it.
Bearing in mind previous I am using this opportunity to
express my deepest gratitude and special thanks to Ms
Rashika Srivastava of Next Accounting Services
who in spite of being extraordinarily busy with their
duties, took time out to hear, guide and keep me on the
correct path and allowing me to carry out my project at
their esteemed organization and extending during
training and I also want to thank for taking part in
useful decision & giving necessary advices and
guidance and arranged all facilities to make internship
easier.
I will continue to work on their improvement, in order
to attain desired career objectives. Hope to continue
cooperation with all of you in the future.
Thank You
Kushagri Gautam
B.Com (Hons)
 INDEX

Serial Topic Page

No. No.
1 Report brief 4
2 Reason for choosing this 5
internship
3 Declaration 6
4 Offer letter 7
5 Certificate 8
6 Company’s profile 9
7 Introduction 10-13
8 History of GST 14-15
9 Types and Features of GST 16-18
10 GST Rates 19
11 GST registration 20-24
12 GST return 25-28
13 E-way Bill 29-32
14 Steps for filing GSTR 1 33-34
15 Steps for filing GSTR 3 35-36
16 Conclusion 37
17 Bibliography 38
 REPORT BRIEF

The duration of the internship was one and

half month which started from 1 June to 15
July, 2023. The timing of the internship was
consistent with the suitability of the scholars
and It was conducted online with suitable
working hours. During this Internship, the
precise area of focus was to be a
“knowledgeable scepticism”.

The Internship Programme has been very

fruitful for me and as an intern; I got in-depth
knowledge of taxes and I understand the
function of Finance and Accounting
Department.
 REASON FOR CHOOSING THIS
INTERNSHIP

Internship is the part of the graduate degree in

Department of Commerce of Lucknow
University. Internship has merged the
theoretical and practical knowledge which is
important in our future life. It is an excellent
way to prepare students to know about the
practical way to deal with the things, learnt
and develop skills.

After the end of 4th semester, we were entitled

to indulge in an internship programme as per
the schedule of B. Com (Hons.) curriculum. I
wanted to do something in the field of
taxation, something that help me to know
more about that field and also that would go
hand in hand with my undergoing degree
simultaneously
 DECLARATION

I the undersigned solemnly declare that the

project report is based on my own work
carried out during the course of our study. I
assert the statements made and conclusions
drawn are an outcome of my research work.

I further certify that the work contained in the

report is original and has been done by me
under the supervision of my supervisor.
The work has not been submitted to any other
institution for any other
degree/diploma/certificate in this university or
any other colleges.

I have followed the guidelines provided by the

university in writing the report.
OFFER LETTER
CERTIFICATE
 COMPANY’S PROFILE

Next Accounting Services ( N.A.S.) was

established in year 2019. NAS is constantly
providing cost solutions, technical support
services and a range of support services For small
and medium enterprise businesses across many
industries. They aim to utilize best practices to
streamline intensive processes from standardizing,
optimizing, automating and improving business
insight of our clients.
NAS provides training for the better understanding
of the software such as tally, SAP and other
compliance software provided for the fickleness of
the client financial data. NAS looks into the
compliance filling of the entity within the
respective time. The firm provides training in both
direct as well as indirect taxation.
NAS has the objective to provide a consummate
solution to its clients and associates for the better
and smooth running of the company.
 INTRODUCTION

GST is known as the Goods and Services Tax. It is

an indirect tax which has replaced many indirect
taxes in India such as the excise duty, VAT,
services tax, etc. The Goods and Service Tax Act
was passed in the Parliament on 29th March 2017
and came into effect on 1st July 2017.
In other words, Goods and Service Tax (GST) is
levied on the supply of goods and services. Goods
and Services Tax Law in India is a comprehensive,
multi-stage, destination-based tax that is levied
on every value addition. GST is a single domestic
indirect tax law for the entire country.
Before the Goods and Services Tax could be
introduced, the structure of indirect tax levy in
India was as follows:
Under the GST regime, the tax is levied at every
point of sale. In the case of intra-state sales,
Central GST and State GST are charged. All the
inter-state sales are chargeable to the Integrated
GST.
Now, let us understand the definition of Goods
and Service Tax, as mentioned above, in detail.

Multi-stage

An item goes through multiple change-of-hands

along its supply chain: Starting from manufacture
until the final sale to the consumer.
Let us consider the following stages:
• Purchase of raw materials
• Production or manufacture
• Warehousing of finished goods
• Selling to wholesalers
• Sale of the product to the retailers
• Selling to the end consumers

The Goods and services tax is levied on each of

these stages making it a multi-stage tax.

Value Addition

A manufacturer who makes biscuits buys flour,

sugar and other material. The value of the inputs
increases when the sugar and flour are mixed and
baked into biscuits.
The manufacturer then sells these biscuits to the
warehousing agent who packs large quantities of
biscuits in cartons and labels it. This is another
addition of value to the biscuits. After this, the
warehousing agent sells it to the retailer.
The retailer packages the biscuits in smaller
quantities and invests in the marketing of the
biscuits, thus increasing its value. GST is levied on
these value additions, i.e. the monetary value
added at each stage to achieve the final sale to
the end customer.

Destination-Based

Consider goods manufactured in Maharashtra and

sold to the final consumer in Karnataka. Since the
Goods and Service Tax is levied at the point of
consumption, the entire tax revenue will go to
Karnataka and not Maharashtra.
 HISTORY OF GST

The tax system was implemented from July 1, 2017

through the 101st Amendment of the Constitution.
However, the idea of it was conceived much earlier.

In 2000, the then Prime Minister Shri Atal Bihari

Vajpayee established a committee tasked with drafting
a new comprehensive law and setting up the
background technology and logistics for it.
A task force set up in 2002, called the Kelkar
committee, was responsible for recommending tax
reforms. The committee concluded in 2005 that a new
tax structure would help improve the tax regime.

In February 2006, the then finance minister proposed a

GST rollout by April 1, 2010. It wasn’t successful and
the new government after the 2014 elections, the new
Finance Minister introduced the GST Bill in the Lok
Sabha.

In May 2016, the Lok Sabha passed the Constitution

Amendment Bill, which was sent back for review and
was finally passed by the Select Committee of Rajya
Sabha in August 2016. A 21-member selected

committee, called the GST Council was formed to look

into the proposed GST laws which were passed by the
Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha and enacted as Acts in April
2017.
 TYPES OF GST

There are 4 types of GST in function today:

1. Central Goods and Services Tax: CGST is
charged on the intra state supply of products
and services.
2. State Goods and Services Tax: SGST is charged
on the sale of products or services within the
boundaries of a state.
3. Integrated Goods and Services Tax: IGST is
charged on transactions of products and
services across state boundaries.
4. Union Territory Goods and Services
Tax: UTGST is levied on the supply of products
and services in any of the Union Territories in
the country, viz. Andaman and Nicobar
Islands, Daman and Diu, Dadra and Nagar
Haveli, Lakshadweep, and Chandigarh. UTGST
is imposed along with CGST.
 Features of GST
Goods and Services Tax (GST) is a comprehensive
indirect tax levied on the supply of goods and services in
India. Here are some of the salient features of GST:
a. One Nation, One Tax: GST replaced multiple
indirect taxes levied by the Central and State
Governments, such as excise duty, service tax,
value-added tax (VAT), and others. It brought
uniformity in the tax structure across India,
eliminating the cascading effect of taxes.

b. Dual Structure: GST operates under a dual

structure, comprising the Central GST (CGST) levied
by the Central Government and the State GST
(SGST) levied by the State Governments. In the case
of Inter-state transactions, Integrated GST (IGST) is
applicable, which is collected by the Central
Government and apportioned to the respective
State. Import of goods or services would be treated
as inter-state supplies and would be subject to IGST
in addition to the applicable customs duties.

c. Destination-based Tax: GST is a destination-based

tax, levied at each stage of the supply chain, from
the manufacturer to the consumer. It is applied to
the value addition at each stage, allowing for the
 seamless flow of credits and reducing the tax
burden on the end consumer.

d. Input Tax Credit (ITC): GST allows for the

utilization of input tax credit, wherein businesses
can claim credit for the tax paid on inputs used in
the production or provision of goods and services.
This helps avoid double taxation and reduces the
overall tax liability.

e. Composition Scheme: The composition scheme is

available for small taxpayers with a turnover below
a prescribed limit (currently ₹ 1.5 crores and ₹ 75
lakhs for special category state). Under this scheme,
businesses are required to pay a fixed percentage
of their turnover as GST and have simplified
compliance requirements.

f. Anti-Profiteering Measures: To ensure that the

benefits of GST are passed on to the consumers, the
government established the National Anti-
Profiteering Authority (NAA). The NAA monitored
and ensured that businesses do not engage in
unfair pricing practices and profiteering due to the
implementation of GST.
 GST RATE

Rate Product/Service
Of GST
0.25% Jewellery stones cut and semi-polished
5% Products generally accepted as household necessities
like spices, sugar, oil, tea, coffee, etc.; lifesaving drugs,
sweets (mithai), coal. Services under this slab include
newspaper printing, vessel transport from overseas,
contract transport services, tour operation services,
etc.
12% Products in this slab mostly include processed food (like
jams, ready-to-make food, etc.), computers and
accessories. Services include rail transport of goods, air
transport (other than economy class), restaurant
service (with A/C and liquor licence), renting
accommodation between Rs. 1,000 and Rs. 2,500 per
day, etc.
18% Items like industrial and capital goods, household
products that aren’t considered necessities, like hair oil,
toothpaste, etc. Services like restaurants with A/C and
liquor licence, outdoor decoration and catering
services, renting accommodation between Rs. 2,500
and Rs. 5,000 per day, entertainment like circus, etc.
28% Items considered to be luxury items like luxury cars,
high-end motorcycles, luxury consumer durables,
aerated drinks, cigarettes, etc.
 GST Registration

If the turnover of any business exceeds the threshold

limit of Rs.40 lakh, Rs.20 lakh, or Rs.10 lakh, then the
business owner must register himself as a normal
taxable person under Goods and Services Tax (GST),
which is known as GST registration. GST registration is
mandatory for certain businesses, and it will be
considered an offence if an organisation carries out
business without GST registration.

Different Types of GST Registration:

Normal Taxpayer
Most businesses in India fall under this category. You
need not provide any deposit to become a normal
taxpayer. There is also no expiry date for taxpayers
who fall under this category.
Casual Taxable Person
Individuals who wish to set up a seasonal shop or stall
can opt for this category. You must deposit an advance
amount that is equal to the expected GST liability
during the time the stall or seasonal shop is
operational. The duration of the GST Registration
under this category is 3 months and it can be extended
or renewed.
Composition Taxpayer
Apply for this if you wish to obtain the GST
Composition Scheme. You will have to deposit a flat
under this category. The Input tax credit cannot be
obtained under this category.
Non-Resident Taxable Person
If you live outside India, but supply goods to individuals
who stay in India, opt for this type of GST Registration.
Similar to the Casual Taxable Person type, you must
pay a deposit equal to the expected GST liability during
the time the GST registration is active. The duration for
this type of GST registration is usually 3 months, but it
can be extended or renewed at the type of expiry.

Eligibility to Register for GST

GST Registration must be completed by the following
individuals and businesses:
• Individuals who have registered under the tax
services before the GST law came into effect.
• Non-Resident Taxable Person and Casual Taxable
Person
• Individuals who pay tax under the reverse charge
mechanism
• All e-commerce aggregators
 • Businesses that have a turnover that exceeds Rs.40
lakh. In the case of Uttarakhand, Himachal
Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, and North-Eastern
states, the turnover of the business should exceed
Rs.10 lakh.
• Input service distributors and agents of a supplier.
• Individuals who supply goods through an e-
commerce aggregator.
• Individuals providing database access and online
information from outside India to people who live
in India other than those who are registered
taxable persons.
• GST registration is mandatory for businesses that
have an annual turnover of Rs.20 lakh and more.

Documents Required for GST Registration

The following is the list of documents required for GST

registration:
• PAN card
• Aadhaar card
• Bank account information
• Proof of address
• Digital Signature
• Photograph (JPEG format, maximum size – 100 KB)
 • Articles of Association/Memorandum of
Association
• Certificate of incorporation issued by Ministry of
Corporate Affairs
• Proof of appointment of authorised signatory
• For LLP, the registration certificate/LLP Board
resolution

How to Get GST Number?

In order to get the GST number follow the simple
steps:
Step 1: Visit the official GST Portal
at www.gst.gov.in.
Step 2: Select 'Services' under Services tab and
Click on 'Registration'.
Step 3: Now, Click on "New Registration" and
enter all the requested details like valid email
address, mobile number and a PAN for the
business.
Step 4: Click on Proceed after submission of details
to get GST Registration Number.
GST Registration Exemption
The below-mentioned individuals and entities
are exempt from GST registration:
1. Businesses that manufacture supplies that
come under reverse charge.
2. Activities that do not come under the supply of
goods or services. Examples of such activities
are the sale of a building or land, funeral
services, and services provided by an
employee.
3. Businesses that make non-GST/ non-taxable
supplies. Examples are aviation turbine fuel,
electricity, natural gas, high-speed diesel, and
petrol.
4. Businesses that make exempt/ nil-rated
supplies.
5. Businesses that fall under the threshold
exemption limit.
6. Agriculturists.
 GST Return
A GST return is a document containing details of all
income/sales and/or expenses/purchases that a GST-
registered taxpayer (every GSTIN) is required to file
with the tax administrative authorities. This is used by
tax authorities to calculate net tax liability.
Under GST, a registered dealer has to file GST returns
that broadly include:
• Purchases
• Sales
• Output GST (On sales)
• Input tax credit (GST paid on purchases)
To file GST returns or for GST filings, check out
the Clear GST software that allows the import of data
from various ERP systems such as Tally, Busy, custom
Excel, to name a few. There is also the option to use
the desktop app for Tally users to directly upload data
and file.

different types of GST returns and due dates to

file them :
 Frequency and Due
Type Purpose
Date

Turnover < Rs. 1.5

To be filed by all the normal crore – Quarterly,
taxpayers stating their 31st of the month
GSTR-1 outward supplies of goods succeeding the quarter
and services during the Turnover > Rs. 1.5
applicable tax period. crore – Monthly,
11th of the succeeding
month
Details of inward supplies of
GSTR-2 goods and services including Monthly, 15th of the
those under reverse charge succeeding month
Suspended
basis

All details of the outward

GSTR-3 and inward supplies, as Monthly, 20th of the
mentioned in Forms GSTR-1 succeeding month
Suspended
& GSTR-2

To be filed by all the normal

taxpayers declaring their Monthly, 20th of the
GSTR-3B
summary GST liabilities for succeeding month
the applicable tax period

CMP-08
To declare summary of
(Earlier GSTR- Quarterly, 18th of the
outward supplies and import
4, for month succeeding the
of services liable to reverse
composition- quarter
scheme charge mechanism
taxpayers only)
GSTR-5 To be filed by non-resident
taxpayers when they do not Monthly, 20th of the
(for non-
wish to claim Input Tax succeeding month
resident
taxpayers) Credit (ITC)

To be filed by Online
Information and Database
Access or Retrieval (OIDAR)
Monthly, 20th of the
GSTR-5A service providers outside
succeeding month
India for their services to
unregistered persons in
India

To be filed by Input Service

Distributors for distribution Monthly, 13th of the
GSTR-6
of ITC succeeding month

To declare TDS liability by

the authorities deducting tax Monthly, 10th of the
GSTR-7
at source succeeding month

To declare Tax Collected at

Monthly, 10th of the
GSTR-8 Source (TCS) by e-commerce
succeeding month
operators

To be filed by all the normal

taxpayer declaring the
Annually,
details of purchase, sales,
GSTR-9 30th November’19 for
input tax credit, refund
FY 2017-18
claimed, demand created,
etc.
 To be filed by GST
composition scheme
taxpayers declaring the
details of outward supply,
Annually,
inward supply, taxes paid,
GSTR-9A 30th November’19 for
refund claimed, demand
FY 2017-18
created, input tax credit and
reverse due to opting out or
opting in to the composition
scheme.

To be filed by the taxpayers, Once, 3 months from

whose GST registration has the date of
GSTR-10
been canceled or cancellation or order
(Final Return) surrendered to file final GST of cancellation,
returns. whichever is later

Quarterly, not
To be filed by Unique
mandatory for UIN
Identity Number (UIN)
holders who did not
holders stating the
receive any inward
supplied/received goods and
GSTR-11 supplies during the
services.
quarter.
To claim GST refund through 28th of the next
RFD-10 month for which
refund statement is
filed
 E-Way Bill
E-Way Bill is an Electronic Way bill for movement of
goods to be generated on the E-Way Bill Portal. A GST
registered person cannot transport goods in a vehicle
whose value exceeds Rs. 50,000 (Single
Invoice/bill/delivery challan) without an e-way bill that
is generated on ewaybillgst.gov.in.
Alternatively, E-way bill can also be generated or
cancelled through SMS, Android App and by site-to-site
integration through API entering the correct GSTIN of
parties. Validate the GSTIN with the help of the GST
search tool before using it.
When an e-way bill is generated, a unique E-way Bill
Number (EBN) is allocated and is available to the
supplier, recipient, and the transporter.

2.When Should e-Way Bill be issued?

E-Way bill will be generated when there is a movement

of goods in a vehicle/ conveyance of value more than
Rs. 50,000 (either each Invoice or in aggregate of all
invoices in a vehicle/conveyance) –

• In relation to a ‘supply’
 • For reasons other than a ‘supply’ ( say a return)
• Due to inward ‘supply’ from an unregistered
person
For this purpose, a supply may be either of the
following:
• A supply made for a consideration (payment) in
the course of business
• A supply made for a consideration (payment)
which may not be in the course of business
• A supply without consideration (without
payment)In simpler terms, the term ‘supply’
usually means a:
• Sale – sale of goods and payment made
• Transfer – branch transfers for instance
• Barter/Exchange – where the payment is by
goods instead of in money
Therefore, E-Way Bills must be generated on the
common portal for all these types of movements. For
certain specified Goods, the e-way bill needs to be
generated mandatorily even if the value of the
consignment of Goods is less than Rs. 50,000:
• Inter-State movement of Goods by the
Principal to the Job-worker by Principal/
registered Job-worker
 • Inter-State Transport of Handicraft goods by
a dealer exempted from GST registration

3. Who should Generate an E-Way Bill?

• Registered Person – E-way bill must be

generated when there is a movement of goods
of more than Rs 50,000 in value to or from a
registered person. A Registered person or the
transporter may choose to generate and carry
e-way bill even if the value of goods is less than
Rs 50,000.
• Unregistered Persons – Unregistered persons
are also required to generate e-Way Bill.
However, where a supply is made by an
unregistered person to a registered person, the
receiver will have to ensure all the compliances
are met as if they were the supplier.
• Transporter – Transporters carrying goods by
road, air, rail, etc. also need to generate e-Way
Bill if the supplier has not generated an e-Way
Bill
Cases when E-Way bill is Not Required

• The mode of transport is non-motor vehicle

• Goods transported from Customs port, airport, air
cargo complex or land customs station to Inland
Container Depot (ICD) or Container Freight Station
(CFS) for clearance by Customs.
• Goods transported under Customs supervision or
under customs seal
• Goods transported under Customs Bond from ICD to
Customs port or from one custom station to
another.
• Transit cargo transported to or from Nepal or
Bhutan
• Empty Cargo containers are being transported
• Consignor transporting goods to or from between
place of business and a weighbridge for
weighment at a distance of 20 kms, accompanied by
a Delivery challan
 STEPS FOR FILING GSTR-1

• Step 1: Log into GST portal by using Username and

Password.
• Step 2: Click on the service menu, click on
Returns>Return Dashboard
• Step 3: Select Financial Year & Return filing period and
click on search.
• Step 4: Select GSTR 1- Outward supplies made by the
taxpayer by clicking on PREPARE ONLINE.
• Step 5: Click on B2B Invoices & you will be directed to
the add invoice page.
• Step 6: Click on ADD INVOICE.
• Step 7: Enter Receiver GSTIN & Receive Name will get
auto populated. Enter the other mandatory details.
• Step 8: Proceed to add line item-wise data in
dropdown that appears after entering GSTIN.
• Step 9: Enter all the mandatory details like HSN code
(goods) or SAC (services), CGST + SGST or IGST
(depending whether inter-state or intra-state supply),
CESS etc.
• Step10: Click to add the line item.
• Step 11: Once all line items are added for a particular
invoice, click SAVE to add the invoice.
• Step 12: On clicking SAVE, you will be directed to the
previous page and there will be a status display on the
processing of the invoice.
• Step 13: Click on Click Here for Update
• Step 14: Click on the reference number under B2B and
status will be updated as Processed (may take up to 1-
minute)
• Step15: Click BACK. You will be directed to the GSTR 1
landing page and the B2B tile in GSTR 1 will reflect the
number of invoices added.
• Step 16: Click on B2B invoices and you will be directed
to the Add invoice page again where the added the
invoice will reflect under B2B Invoice- Receiver-wise
Summary.
• Step 17: You can click on the GSTIN under Receiver
Details and you will be directed to the Add Invoice
Page from where you can also edit /delete the added
Invoice (under Action).
• Step 18: Similarly, add all the invoices with line item-
wise data in respective tiles-B2B, B2C-Large, B2C-
others, etc.
• Step 19: Once you have added all the details, click on
SUBMIT at the bottom of the GSTR1 landing page.
• Step 20: After clicking SUBMIT, click on FILE
• Step 21: In case of private limited companies, LLPs,
FLLPs DSC is mandatory for filing returns
• Step 22: Click confirm.
• Step 23: Once user click on the Confirm button, the
Acknowledgement Reference Number (ARN) will be
generated & the pop-up message will appear.
 STEPS FOR FILING GSTR 3

• Step 1: From the landing page of returns, select return

filing period
• Step 2: Click on GENERATE under GSTR 3
• Step 3: On clicking GENERATE, Taxpayer will be
directed to GSTR 3 Dashboard where summary of
GSTR 3 will be displayed if the GSTR 1 & GSTR 2 for the
tax period have been filed by the taxpayer. This
summary will be generated based on the field in GSTR
1 & GSTR 2
• Step 4: User will edit the prefilled Turnover details in
this field
• Step 5: User can cross verify the prefilled data of
Outward Supply
• Step 6: User can cross verify the prefilled data of
inward Supply
• Step 7: User can cross verify the prefilled data of ITC
credit
• Step 8: User can enter the amount for which refund to
be claimed
• Step 9: Details of tax paid are auto populated from
Cash & Electronic Credit Ledger
• Step 10: Details pf TDS Credit are auto populated from
GSTR 2
• Step 11: Details pf Total Tax Liability are auto
populated from
• GSTR 3
• Step 12: when liability is calculated , the return is
creat4d & the taxpayer will affix their DSC by clicking
on DSC button. Once DSC are affix, the button for file
GSTR 3 will be enabled so that the taxpayer can file
their GSTR 3
• Step 13: You can also preview the return before filing
 CONCLUSION

In conclusion my experience with NEXT Accounting

Services was crucial in my development as a future
taxation I will be able to take the teachings and skills
acquired and apply them in future career opportunities.
I even have spent great time with Next Accounting
Services and gained invaluable experience and
knowledge. Each and each session were worth attending
and created enthusiasm to understand more.

As an intern, I used to be assigned various activities

during the internship which made me to urge a deep
knowledge that particular subject. The most purpose of
this internship program is to working in the field of tax.

I, as an intern, got an honest platform to broader my

knowledge regarding GST basic concept and therefore
the usage of taxes filing in the company.
 BIBLIOGRAPHY

• Websites

I. https://cleartax.in/s/gst-law-goods-and-
services-tax
II. https://www.adityabirlacapital.com/abc-
of-money/what-is-gst/
III. https://gstcouncil.gov.in/brief-history-gst#
IV. www.bankbazaar.com/tax/gst-
registration.html
V. https://www.paisabazaar.com/tax/gst-
return-form/
VI. https://cleartax.in/s/eway-bill-gst-rules-
compliance