HS Standard 7 2017- Answer Sheet

1) The method of heat transfer by which the sun warms the earth is
A) conduction
B) convection
C) radiation
D) solaration

Explanation:
Radiation is the method of heat transfer by which the sun warms the earth. Light rays travel from the sun through
space to the earth. The other methods need a medium to travel through.
2) The process by which hot and cold air are transferred in the atmosphere is
A) conduction.
B) convection.
C) insulation.
D) radiation.

Explanation:
The process by which hot and cold air are transferred in the atmosphere is convection. The hot air is less dense and
rises; it then cools, condenses and becomes more dense and falls back down.
3) When gasoline is burned in a car engine, ________ energy is converted into _________ energy.
A) heat, chemical
B) chemical, potential
mechanical,
C)
chemical
chemical,
D)
mechanical

Explanation:
When gasoline is burned in the engine of a car, chemical energy is converted into mechanical energy. The chemical
energy is stored. The mechanical is what runs the motor.
4) Which example involves the transformation of chemical energy directly into light energy?
A) a wind mill
B) a glow stick
C) photosynthesis
D) a hydroelectric dam

Explanation:
A glow stick involves the transformation of chemical energy into light energy. The chemical energy is stored.
5) Which statement best summarizes the law of conservation of energy?
A) When work is done, energy is lost.
B) Heat flows from a warm body to a cold body.
C) If energy disappears in one form, it must reappear in another.
The fewer the number of valence electrons, the better the
D)
insulator.

Explanation:
The correct answer is if energy disappears in one form, it must reappear in another.. The law of conservation of
energy states that energy cannot be created nor destroyed but only change in form.
6)

A generator converts mechanical energy into _____________________ energy.

A) chemical
B) electrical
C) light
D) sound

Explanation:
A generator converts mechanical energy into electrical energy. Consider all those generators on sale in home
improvement stores. The generators are used by people and businesses to provide electricity when the power goes
out. They run on gasoline which fuels a motor, mechanical energy.
7) On Halloween, you take a glow stick, crack the capsule inside and shake it until it glows. This is an example of light
energy being created from ___________________ energy.
A) chemical
B) mechanical
C) solution
D) thermal

Explanation:
Glowsticks are a good example of chemical potential energy being transformed into light energy. When the new
bonds are formed by the products of the chemical reaction in the glowstick, energy is released in the form of light.
8) An example of mechanical energy being converted into heat energy is
A) the sun.
B) a generator.
C) a Snickers bar.
D) rubbing your hands together.

Explanation:
Mechanical energy is created by the motion of things, even your hands. Once they rub together, your hands get
warmer - heat energy.
9) Which is an example of electrical energy being converted into light energy?
A) the sun
a light
B)
bulb
C) a solar panel
a glowstick at
D)
Halloween

Explanation:
A light bulb gets plugged into the wall socket and uses electricity to heat a filament and create light. The sun's light
comes from nuclear energy, a glowstick from chemical energy, and a solar panel converts light energy to electricity.
10) A solar powered car converts _______________ energy into _________________ energy.
A) light, chemical
B) light, mechanical
C) mechanical, light
electrical,
D)
mechanical
Explanation:
A solar powered car would use light energy from the sun to make mechanical energy in running the car. Right now,
these cars are only experimental, but with gas prices going higher, we might see them on the road soon.
11) Your hands get warm by a fire because ________________energy is converted into heat energy.
A) chemical
B) electrical
C) mechanical
D) nuclear

Explanation:
The wood of the fire releases energy from chemical bonds when it combines with oxygen in the burning process.
This energy is transferred to heat and your hands feel happy.
12) Microwave ovens heat food through the process of
A) conduction.
B) convection.
C) radiation.
D) stratification.

Explanation:
Microwave radiation is the main means of cooking foods in these microwave ovens. Microwave radiation is light (that
you can not see) essentially vibrating the water molecules. The faster they vibrate, the hotter the food.
13) ______________ currents are responsible for circulating hot and cold air in the atmosphere and causing local
weather systems.
A) Oceanic
B) Radiation
C) Conduction
D) Convection

Explanation:
Convection currents are when hot air rises because of its density to be replaced by the cold, denser air that is
falling down from the atmosphere. This cyclical pattern gives rise to distinct weather patterns.
14)

What is the main method of heat transfer from the core to the crust of Earth?
A) conduction
B) convection
C) insulation
D) radiation

Explanation:
Convection currents raise the less dense hot material from the center to the cool crust and material from the cool
(dense) crust settles down to the core to be heated again.
15) The specific heat of iron is 0.11
cal
(g°C
)
. A cafeteria fork made of iron has a mass of 20 grams. How much heat energy is needed to raise the temperature of
this fork from 25°C to 75°C?
0.044
A)
calories
0.275
B)
calories
C) 110 calories
9090.9
D)
calories

Explanation:
The amount is 110 cal. To calculate, multiply the specific heat of the substance (.11) by the mass (20 g) by the
number of degrees you want it to increase (50°C). The product is 110 calories.
16) Raising 100 grams of water from 40 to 60 °C (the specific heat capacity of water is 1
cal
g
) requires the addition of
A) 120 calories.
1500
B)
calories.
C) 2000 calories.
2400
D)
calories.

Explanation:
The amount of heat required is 2000 calories. Specific heat x mass x change in temp. (1)x(100)x(20) = 2000 calories
17)

q = m x C x ΔT

C = specific heat capacity

specific heat of water = 1 cal/g

If 200 grams of water is to be heated from 24.0° C to 100.0° C to make a cup of tea, how much heat must be added?
A) 76 calories
B) 276 calories
C) 15200 calories
20000
D)
calories

Explanation:
The amount of heat that needs to be added is 15,200 calories. The equation is

heat = (1)(200)(76) which is 15200 calories.

18) When ironing clothes, the primary method of heat transfer is
A) conduction
 .
B) convection.
C) insulation.
D) radiation.

Explanation:
conduction is when heat is transferred directly from one solid to another through the collision of molecules.
19)

Consider the heating curve of a substance. At what location does melting occur?
A) A.
B) B.
C) C.
D) D.

Explanation:
Location B. is the plateau for melting.
20)

As temperature rises from 25°C to 60°C, the material _______ heat and its kinetic energy _________ as the material
goes through vaporization to become a gas.
A) absorbs,
 increases
B) releases, does not change
C) multiplies its, is divided
D) remains the same, decreases

Explanation:
absorbs, increases
As temperature rises from 25°C to 60°C, the material absorbs heat and its kinetic energy increases as the material
goes through vaporization to become a gas.
21)

It is generally seen that, when a substance absorbs heat energy, its heating curve shows two plateaus. Which
phenomenon is indicated by these plateaus?
A) melting
B) boiling
C) phase change
D) crystallization

Explanation:
At the melting or boiling point, a substance absorbs heat to undergo phase change. In this process, the temperature
remains constant and the energy of the system increases. The plateau region indicates the process of phase change
of the substance.
22)
Substance Specific Heat (J kg-1 K-1)
Aluminum 900
Copper 390
Brass 380
Silver 230
Platinum 130

You are walking on a beach and find a mystery piece of metal. You take it back to your lab and measure its mass to
be 0.5 kg. In order to heat the metal 1 degree K, you must add 115 J of heat. Identify the metal. q =mCΔT
A) Brass
B) Copper
C) Platinum
D) Silver

Explanation:
You have found 0.5 kg of silver! 115 J / 0.5 kg = 230 J kg-1.
23)
 Substance Specific Heat (J kg-1 K-1)
Aluminum 900
Copper 390
Brass 380
Silver 230
Platinum 130

How many Joules of heat would be required to heat 0.5 kg of aluminum by 2K?
A) 300 J
B) 450 J
C) 900 J
D) 1800 J

Explanation:
It would require 900 J. 900 J kg-1K-1 x 0.5 kg x 2 K = 900 J
24)
Substance Specific Heat (J kg-1 K-1)
Aluminum 900
Copper 390
Brass 380
Silver 230
Platinum 130

If 130 J of energy were added to 1 kg of each of these samples, which would experience the GREATEST
temperature increase?
A) Aluminum
B) Brass
C) Copper
D) Platinum

Explanation:
Platinum would experience the greatest temperature increase because it has the lowest specific heat value.
25)
Substance Specific Heat (J kg-1 K-1)
Aluminum 900
Copper 390
Brass 380
Silver 230
Platinum 130

Which sample of copper would demonstrate the GREATEST increase in temperature if 500 J of energy were added
to the sample?
A) 0.5 kg
B) 1.0 kg
C) 1.5 kg
D) 2.0 kg

Explanation:
The 0.5 kg would demonstrate the greatest increase in temperature because it is the smallest sample size in mass.
Specific heat capacity is the amount of heat required to change the temperature of 1 kg of a substance by 1 K.
26) During the day, the temperature of the sand in a desert rises as the sand is heated by the sun. After the sun sets,
the sand cools. What happens to the heat energy in the sand as it cools?
A) It is destroyed.
B) It is used by the sand to do work.
C) It goes back into the sun, completing the cycle.
It is transferred to the air via the process of
D)
radiation.

Explanation:
The heat leaves the sand as it cools, but energy is never destroyed. It is transferred to the air via the process of
radiation. While heat energy can be used indirectly to do work (for example, by boiling water, which then does the
work) heat cannot be directly turned into work.
27)

Heat gained or lost is mass times specific heat times change in

temperature.
The specific heat of Aluminum is 0.9 J/g K. The specific heat of Copper is 0.39 J/g K. If samples of equal mass of
both Aluminum and Copper are heated up to 100°C and then dropped in a cold water bath. Compare the heat lost by
the two samples.
There is not enough information to conclude
A)
anything.
The copper loses a little more than twice the heat of the
B)
Aluminum.
The Aluminum loses a little more than twice the heat of the
C)
Copper.
The heat lost is the same because the temperature change is the
D)
same.

Explanation:
Since specific heat is part of the equation. A smaller specific heat will create a smaller heat gain or loss. The
Aluminum loses a little more than twice the heat of the Copper.
28)
Substance Specific Heat Capacity J/Kgo C
Ammonia 4700
Ethanol 2440
Gasoline 2220
Water 4186

500 ml of four different liquids are heated to 50oC. According to the specific heat data, which liquid will cool to 35 oC in
the shortest amount of time?
A) ammonia
 B) ethanol
C) gasoline
D) water

Explanation:
The correct answer is gasoline. Specific heat is the measure of the heat energy required to increase or decrease the
temperature of a substance by a certain temperature interval. Gasoline has the lowest specific heat; that means it
takes less energy to lower or raise the temperature of gasoline compared to the other three liquids.
29)
Substance Specific Heat (J kg-1 K-1)
Aluminum 900
Copper 390
Brass 380
Silver 230
Platinum 130

Five metal samples, with equal masses, are heated to 200oC. Each solid is dropped into a beaker containing 200 ml
15oC water. Which metal will cool the fastest?
A) aluminum
B) copper
C) gold
platinu
D)
m

Explanation:
The correct answer is platinum. Specific heat is the measure of the heat energy required to increase or decrease the
temperature of a substance by a certain temperature interval. Platinum has the lowest specific heat; that means it
takes less energy to lower or raise the temperature of platinum compared to the other four solids.
30) Conduction occurs more easily between solids and liquids. This is because the particles in gases are
farther apart and move
A)
faster.
B) closer together and move faster.
C) further apart and move more slowly.
D) closer together and move more slowly.

Explanation:
Gases do not transfer heat as easily through conduction because their particles are farther apart and move faster.
Close proximity of molecules in a substance helps facilitate the transfer of heat.