117 Reintrolit

LESSON 1
1
Father Saturnino Urios University
Arts and Sciences Program
LITERATURE
(Reintroduction)
GE-117: Philippine Literature
WILYBE E. SUMAMPONG, JR.,LPT

Faculty, Humanities Division
wesumampong@urios.edu.ph
Learning Outcomes
▰ redefine what literature is;
▰ express the importance of literature to

human development;
▰ write an analysis of a literary piece based
on its literary standards and genres.
3
ACTIVITY 1
1-Minute Paper!
4
1-MINUTE
PAPER!
5
LET’S WATCH!
Source: What is Literature For.

The School of Life. Retrieved
July 2021 from
https://www.youtube.com/wa
tch?v=4RCFLobfqcw
6
Definitions of Literature
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WHAT IS LITERATURE?
▰ Literature comes from the Latin word “LITERA”

which means an acquaintance with letters.
▰ It is a body of literary productions, oral, written
or visual, containing imaginative language that
realistically portrays thoughts, emotions, and
experiences of the human condition. (Bwalya
.L, 2006)
8
WHAT IS LITERATURE?
▰ Literature is language in use that

provides insights and intellectual
stimulation of the reader. As one
explores literature, he likewise
discovers the beauty of language.
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WHAT IS LITERATURE?
▰ Literature is an art that reflects the

works of imagination, aesthetics, and
creative writing which are
distinguished for the beauty of style or
expression.
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WHAT IS LITERATURE?
▰ Literature is a product of a particular

culture that concretizes man’s array
of values, emotions, actions and
ideas.
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Literary Standards
How the value of texts is measured
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LITERARY STANDARDS
▰ Universality ▰ Suggestiveness
▰ Artistry ▰ Style
▰ Intellectual Value ▰ Permanence
▰ Spiritual Value
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LITERARY STANDARDS
❑ Universality
❖ Literature appeals to everyone,
regardless of culture, race, sex
and time which are all
considered significant.
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LITERARY STANDARDS
❑ Artistry
❖ Literature appeals to one’s
sense of beauty as it possesses
a distinctive aesthetic quality.
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LITERARY STANDARDS
❑ Intellectual Value
❖ Literature stimulates critical
thinking that enriches mental
processes of abstract and
reasoning.
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LITERARY STANDARDS
❑ Spiritual Value
❖ Literature elevates the spirit and
the soul by bringing out moral
values. It has the power to
motivate and inspire.
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LITERARY STANDARDS
❑ Suggestiveness
❖ Literature unravels and invokes
man’s emotional power to define
symbolisms, nuances, implied
meanings, images and
messages.
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LITERARY STANDARDS
❑ Style
❖ The peculiar way/s in which
man/writer sees life, form his
ideas and expresses them
(ideas).
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LITERARY STANDARDS
❑ Permanence
❖ Great literature endures the
tests of time, drawing out
timelessness. It remains
invariable and relevant forever.
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“ The greatness of literature cannot be
determined solely by literary standards
though we must remember that whether it
is literature or not can be determined by
literary standards.
----T.S Eliot----
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This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA
Literary Approaches
How to teach and study works of literature
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Literary Approaches
Moral or Humanistic
Formalistic Approach
Approach
▰ Literature is viewed
▰ Literature is viewed to naturally, independent of
discuss man and its nature. the author, age, or any
It presents man as other external factor. The
essentially rational; that is study of the selection is
endowed with intellect and based on the so-called
free will; or that the piece “literary elements.”
does not misinterpret the
true nature of man. 23
Literary Approaches
Cultural Approach Historical Approach

▰ Literature is seen as one of ▰ Literature operates on the
the manifestations and premise that the history of a
vehicles of a nation’s culture nation has telling effects on
and tradition. It includes the its literature and that the
entire complex of what goes piece can be better
under “culture” and understood and
considers the literary piece appreciated if one knows
in the total cultural milieu in the times surrounding its
which it was born. creation. 24
Literary Approaches
Psychological Approach Impressionistic Approach
▰ Literature is viewed as the ▰ Literature is viewed to explain
expression of “personality,” of “reaction-response” which is
“inner drives,” of “neurosis”. It considered as something very
has resulted in an almost personal, relative and fruitful.
exhausting and exhaustive Unconditioned by explanations
“psychological analysis” of and often taking the impact of
characters, of symbols and the piece, it seeks to see how
images, of recurrent themes, and the piece has communicated.
others.
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This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA
Genres of Literature
How works of literature are categorized
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Literary Genres
Prose Poetry Drama/Play Media

Subgenres: Subgenres: Subgenres: Subgenres:
Narrative (epic,
Fiction and One-act, Film,
ballad, metrical
Non-fiction, Full-length, Television,
romance, tale)
Creative Lyric (ode, Stage Plays, Electronic,
Non-fiction elegy, song) Musicals RPG
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This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND
BY-SA
Importance of Literature
Why does one need to study or know literature?
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▰ Literature represents a language of a

people: culture and tradition but literature
is more important than just a historical or
cultural artifact.
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▰ Ultimately, we may also discover meaning

in literature by looking at what the author
says and how he/she says it.
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▰ Literature is important to us because it

speaks to us, it is universal, and it affects
us. Even when it is ugly, literature is
beautiful.
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“ That is part of the beauty of all literature.
You discover that your longings are
universal longings, that you're not lonely
and isolated from anyone. You belong.
--- F. Scott Fitzgerald ---
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“ Literature is a comprehensive essence
of the intellectual life of a nation.
--- William Shakespeare ---
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“ We write from life and call it literature,
and literature lives because we are in it.
--- F. Sionil Jose ---
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Sources
▰ Mays, K. (2016 ). The Norton Introduction to Literature, 12th
ed. W.W. Norton and Company.
▰ Nordquist, R. (2018 ). Genres in Literature. ThoughtCo.
Retrieved from
https://www.thoughtco.com/genre-in-literature-1690896
▰ Definition of Literature. (2013). Retrieved from
https://nuworldlit.wordpress.com/2013/11/13/definition/
▰ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oarGRayak5o&t=1200
s
▰ Vinuya, R. (2011). Philippine Literature: A Statement of
35
Ourselves. Manila: Grandbooks Publishing Inc.
Thank you for Listening!
36

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LESSON 1

WILYBE E. SUMAMPONG, JR.,LPT

▰ express the importance of literature to

Source: What is Literature For.

▰ Literature comes from the Latin word “LITERA”

▰ Literature is language in use that

▰ Literature is an art that reflects the

▰ Literature is a product of a particular

Cultural Approach Historical Approach

Prose Poetry Drama/Play Media

▰ Literature represents a language of a

▰ Ultimately, we may also discover meaning

▰ Literature is important to us because it

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