MAKING OF THE GLOBAL WORLD- WORKSHEET TILL 1.

3
Q1. Multiple Choice Questions
Column 'A' Column B
i) Indian (a)Pottery
ii) Chinese (b)Pasta
iii) Italian (c)Cowries
iv) Arab Traders (d)Spaghetti

(A) (i)-(d), (ii)-(c), (iii)-(a), (iv)-(b) (B) (i)-(c), (ii)-(d), (iii)-(b), (iv)-(a)
(C) (i)-(c), (ii)-(a), (iii)-(d), (iv)-(b) (D) (i)-(b), (ii)-(a), (iii)-(d), (iv)-(c)
Q. 2. Until 18th century, which two countries were considered the richest in the
world?
(A) China &Japan (B) England & France (C) India & China (D) England & Italy
Q3. For more than a millennia, cowries from the Maldives found their way to………and
East Africa.
(A) USA (B) India (C) China (D) Japan
Q. 4. Who accidentally discovered the vast continent, known as the Americas?
(A) John Key (B) Vasco da Gama (C) Amerigo Vespucci (D) Christopher Columbus
Q. 5. Many expeditions set off in search of …………….the fabled city of gold.
(A) El Dorado (B) Peru (C) Mexico (D) Spain
Assertion & Reason
(A) Both A & R are true & R is the correct explanation of A.
(B) Both A & R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A.
(C) A is true but R is false.
(D) A is false and R is true.
Q6. Assertion (A): The Silk Routes are a good example of pre-modern trade and
cultural links between distant parts of the world.
Reason (R): The name 'Silk Routes' points to the importance of West-bound Chinese
silk cargoes along this route. Ans B
Q7.: Assertion (A) From ancient times groups like travellers, traders, priests, and
pilgrims have travelled vast distances.
Reason (R): These journeys were for the purposes like knowledge, opportunity,
spiritual fulfilment etc. Ans. A
Case Based Objective and Subjective Questions
Q8. The Silk Routes are a good example of vibrant premodern trade and cultural links
between distant parts of the world. The name 'silk routes' points to the importance of
West-bound Chinese silk cargoes along this route. Historians have identified several
silk routes, over land and by sea, knitting together vast regions of Asia, and linking
Asia with Europe and Northern Africa. They are known to have existed since before the
Christian era and thrived almost till the fifteenth century. But Chinese pottery also
travelled the same route, as did textiles and spices from India and Southeast Asia. In
return, precious metals-gold and silver-flowed from Europe to Asia. Trade and cultural
exchange always went hand in hand. Early Christian missionaries almost certainly
travelled this route to Asia, as did early Muslim preachers a few centuries later. Much
before all this, Buddhism emerged from eastern India and spread in several directions
through intersecting points on the silk routes.
Q.1. The Silk routes are a good example of
(A) Modem trade (B) Pre-moder (C) Cultural links (D) Both B&C
Q.2. Silk is a ………………. product
(A) Japanese (B) Korean (C) American (D) Chinese
Q3. What was exported from India through Silk route?
(A) Oil (B) Petroleum (C) Textile and Spices (D) Herbs
Q.4. Early Christian Missionaries &…… preachers travelled through this route to Asia.
(A) Christian (B) Sikh (C) Muslim (D) Buddhist
Q.5. The word "Silk Route" has been derived of the popularity of the Chinese………
(A) Connections across the world (B) Silk among tradesmen in the Roman Empire
(C) Dominance in Asia (D) Ownership of the roads
Q6. How did the 'Silk Route' help China?
(A) Expanded China's foreign economic trade
(B) Help build dominance over the Western world
(C) Helped China in isolating itself from the world
(D) Led to many invasions led by Chinese rulers
Q9. The Portuguese and Spanish conquest and colonisation of America was decisively
under way by the mid-sixteenth century. European conquest was not just a result of
superior firepower. In fact, the most powerful weapon of the Spanish conquerors was
not a conventional military weapon at all. It was the germs such as those of smallpox
that they cared on their person. Because of their long isolation America's original
inhabitants had no immunity against these diseases that came from Europe. Smallpox
in particular proved a deadly killer. Once introduced, it spread deep into the continent,
ahead even of any Europeans reaching there. It killed and decimated whole
communities, paving the way for conquest.
Guns could be bought or captured and turned conquest at the invaders. But not
diseases such as smallpox to which the conquerors were mostly immune.
Until the nineteenth century, poverty and hunger were common in Europe. Cities were
crowded and deadly diseases were widespread. Religious conflicts were common, and
religious dissenters were persecuted. Thousands therefore fled Europe for America.
Here, by the eighteenth century. plantations worked by slaves captured in Africa were
growing cotton and sugar for European markets.
Q1 The Portuguese and ………… conquest and colonisation of America was decisively
under way by the mid-sixteenth century.
(A) Egyptian (B) Indian (C) Chinese (D) Spanish
Q2 Which of the following disease proved a deadly killer?
(A) Chickenpox (B) Smallpox (C) Measles (D) All of these
Q3. Until the nineteenth century, what were common in Europe?
(B) Hunger (A) Poverty (C) Both A and B (D) None of these
Q4. Name the most powerful weapon of the Spanish conquerors.
(A) Military weapon (B) Conventional weapon (C) Both A and B (D) Germs
Q5. Who were growing cotton & sugar for European markets by the eighteenth
century?
(A) plantations worked by slaves captured in Africa
(B) plantations worked by servants captured in Africa
(C) plantations worked by slaves captured in Asia
(D) plantations worked by slaves captured in Europe
Q6. Who was a Dissenter?
(A) who believes in all religious practices (B) follower of religion & beliefs a good
preacher
(C) a good preacher (D) One who refuses to accept established beliefs & practices
Q10. Food offers many examples of long-distance cultural exchange, Traders and
travellers introduced new crops to the lands they travelled. Even 'ready foodstuff in
distant parts of the world might share common origins. Take spaghetti and noodles. It
is believed that noodles travelled west from China to become spaghetti. Or, perhaps
Arab traders took pasta to fifth-century Sicily, an island now in Italy. Similar foods were
also known in India and Japan, so the truth about their origins may never be known.
Yet such guesswork suggests the possibilities of long- distance cultural contact even in
the pre-modern world.
Many of our common foods such as potatoes, soya, groundnuts, maize, tomatoes,
chillies, sweet potatoes and so on were not known to our ancestors until about 5
centuries ago.
These foods were only introduced in Europe and Asia after Christopher Columbus
accidentally discovered the vast continent that would later become known as the
Americas. (Here we will use 'America' to describe North America, South America and
the Caribbean.) In fact, many of our common foods came from America's original
inhabitants - the American Indians.
Q.1. Which food is also known as spaghetti?
Ans. Noodles, it is believed that it travelled west from China to become spaghetti.
Q.2. Which of the foods were not known to our ancestors until about five centuries
ago?
Ans. Many of our common foods such as potatoes, soya, groundnuts, maize,
tomatoes, chillies, sweet potatoes, and so on were not known to our ancestors until
about five centuries ago.
Q.3. How did food help in cultural exchange?
Ans. Food helped significantly in long-distance cultural exchange as Traders and
travellers introduced new crops to the lands they travelled. Even 'ready foodstuff’ in
distant parts of the world might share common origins.
Q11.The pre-modern world shrank greatly in the sixteenth century after European
sailors found a sea route to Asia and also successfully crossed the western ocean to
America. For centuries before, the Indian Ocean had known a bustling trade, with
goods, people, knowledge, customs, etc. criss- crossing its waters. The Indian
subcontinent was central to these flows and a crucial point in their networks. The
entry of the Europeans helped expand or redirect some of these flows towards Europe.
Before its discovery, America had been cut off from regular contact with the rest of the
world for millions of years. But from the sixteenth century, its vast lands and abundant
crops and minerals began to transform trade and lives everywhere.
Q. 1. How pre-modern world shrank greatly in the sixteenth century?
Ans. When European sailors found a sea route to Asia and also successfully crossed
the western ocean to America, then the pre-modern world shrank greatly in the
sixteenth century.
Q. 2. What was the role of Indian Oceans a centuries before?
Ans. The Indian Ocean had been known for a bustling trade with goods, people,
knowledge, customs, etc criss-crossing its waters.
Question Answers
Q1. What is globalisation in context to Pre-modern World? How has making of the
global world a long history? OR Explain trade and industry in the Pre-modern World.
Ans. Signs of global interconnectedness:
(1) Globalisation refers to an economic system since last 50 years or so, of trade,
migration, people in search of work, movement of capital, etc
(ii) From ancient times, travellers, traders, priests and pilgrims travelled vast distances
for knowledge, opportunity and spiritual fulfilment, or to escape persecution.
(ii) They carried goods, money, values, skills, ideas, inventions and even germs and
diseases.
(iv) Coastal trade linked the Indus valley civilisation with present-day West Asia.
(v) Cowries or seashells used as a form of currency from the Maldives found their way
to China and East Africa.
Q2. What was 'Silk Route'?
Ans. Silk routes were vibrant pre-modern trade and cultural links between distant
parts of the world.
Q3. What goods were exported and imported from Silk routes?
Ans. Chinese pottery, textiles and spices travelled from India and South-East Asia
through these routes. Precious metals, like gold and silver, flowed from Europe to Asia.
Q4. Explain how Silk routes linked the world in the pre-modern era.
OR Enumerate the importance of Silk Routes.
Ans. Pre-modern trade & cultural links between distant places were established by
Silk Routes:
(i) The Silk routes are known for Chinese silk cargoes.
(ii) Historians have identified several silk routes over land and by sea which brought
together areas of Asia and linked it with Europe and Northern Africa.
(ii) Before the Christian era Chinese pottery, textiles and spices travelled from India
and South-East Asia through these routes.
(iv) Precious metals, like gold and silver, flowed from Europe to Asia.
(v) Trade and cultural exchange took place at the same time:
(a) Christian missionaries travelled along the Silk Route to Asia.
(b) Muslim preachers came after them a few centuries later.
(c) Buddhism emerged from eastern India.
Q5. Trade and cultural exchange always went hand in hand'. Justify the statement
How does culture play a significant role in globalisation? Explain with example.
Ans (1) Christian missionaries travelled along the Silk Route to Asia
(ii) Muslim preachers came after them a few centuries later.
(iii) Buddhism emerged from eastern India and spread in several directions through
intersecting points on the silk routes.
Q6. Which common foods were introduced to our ancestors after Columbus
discovered America?
Ans. Potatoes, soya, groundnuts, maize, tomatoes, chillies, sweet potatoes, etc., were
introduced in Europe and Asia, only after Columbus discovered America.
Q7. How was America' described as in this chapter?
Ans. 'America' was described as North America, South America and the Caribbean.
Q8. How did food like 'Noodles' travel to various parts of the world and was adopted
by different names?
Ans. (1) Noodles travelled west from China to become spaghetti.
(ii) Arab traders took pasta to Sicily in Italy.
(ii) Similar foods were known in India and Japan.
Q9. Illustrate with examples that food offers many opportunities of long-distance
cultural exchange.
Ans. Traders and travellers introduced new crops to the lands they travelled:
(1) Ready food stuffs in distant parts of the world might share common origins:
(a) Noodles travelled west from China to become spaghetti and Arab traders took
pasta to Sicily Island in Italy.
(b) Similar foods were known in India and Japan, so their origins may never be known.
(ii) Most of the common Indian foods, viz., potatoes, soya, groundnuts, maize,
tomatoes, chillies, sweet potatoes were not known to our ancestors.
(iii) They were introduced in Europe and Asia after Christopher Columbus accidentally
discovered a vast continent later known as the Americas
(iv)Many of Indian foods came from America's original inhabitants, the American
Indians.
Q10. Explain how sometimes the new crops could make the difference between life
and death?
Ans. Europe's poor began to eat better and live longer with the introduction of the
potatoes
(i) Ireland's poorest peasants became so dependent on potatoes that when disease
destroyed the potato crop in the mid-1840s, thousands died of starvation.
Q11. The pre-modern world shrank greatly in the 16 th century? Explain.
Ans (i) European sailors found a sea route to Asia & crossed the western ocean to
America
(ii) For centuries the Indian Ocean had bustling in trade, with goods, people,
knowledge, customs, etc.
(iii) India was central to these flows and crucial in their networks.
(iv) The entry of the Europeans helped expand some of these flows towards Europe.
(v) The Portuguese and the Spanish conquests and colonisation of America by the
mid-16" century.
(vi) Precious metals, like silver, from mines located in Peru and Mexico enhanced
Europe's wealth and financed its trade with Asia.
Q12. Explain with examples to show that the world changed with the discovery of new
sea routes to America.
Ans. (i) Before its discovery, America had been cut off from regular contact with the
rest of the world.
(ii) Since 16th century, its vast lands, abundant crops and minerals began to transform
trade and lives everywhere.
(iii) Many expeditions were set off in search of EL Dorado, the Fabled city of gold.
(iv) Slaves were imported from Africa to grow cotton and sugar for European markets.
Europe became the centre of the world trade.
Q13. What enhanced Europe's wealth for trade in Asia?
Ans. Precious metals like silver from mines located in Peru and Mexico enhanced
Europe's wealth and financed its trade with Asia.
Q14. What was the most powerful weapon that the Spanish used to conquer America?
Ans. The germs of smallpox. Smallpox proved to be a deadly killer disease.
Q15. What was the impact of germs on the America's original inhabitants?
Ans. America's original inhabitants had no immunity against the disease. So, it killed
and decimated the whole communities.
Q16. Explain how the global transfer of disease in the pre-modern world helped in the
colonisation Americas.
OR 'The Portuguese and Spanish used all ethical and unethical methods to colonise
America". Justify How did germs of small pox help Europeans in their conquest of
America?
Ans. In the 16th century, the Portuguese and Spanish conquest and colonisation of
America was not a result of powerful military weapons but:
(i) It was the germs like smallpox that they carried on their person.
(ii) Because of the long isolation, America's original inhabitants had no immunity
against diseases that came from Europe.
(iii) Smallpox proved a deadly killer.
(iv) Once introduced, it spread deep into the continent, killed and decimated whole
communities, paving the way for conquest and colonisation.
(v) These germs were more dangerous than guns as guns could be brought or
captured sbut not diseases like smallpox.
Q17. Why poverty and hunger were common in Europe until the nineteenth century?
Ans. (1) Cities were crowded and deadly diseases were widespread.
(ii) Religious conflicts were common, and religious dissenters were persecuted.
(iii) Thousands fled Europe for America worked as slaves at plantations, growing
cotton and sugar for European markets.
Q18. Until well into the eighteenth century, China and India were among the world's
richest countries. Justify.
Ans. (i) They were pre-eminent in Asian trade.
(ii) From the 15th century, China restricted overseas contacts and retreated into
isolation.
(iii) China's reduced role and the rising importance of the America gradually moved
the centre of world trade westwards.
(iv) Europe now emerged as the centre of world trade.
Q.19.Explain what we mean when we say that the world 'shrank' in the 1500s.
Ans(i) Europeans discovered sea route to Asia & trade increased between Asia &
Europe.
(ii) The American continent was discovered with the sea route through the Atlantic
Ocean.
(iii) Increased interaction among the people living in various continents of the world.