Debian Server Configuration Guide
This guide provides detailed steps to configure various services on a Debian server including SSH,
Apache, WordPress, Postfix, Dovecot, and Roundcube.
Below are the commands and configurations discussed in the conversation.
1. SSH Configuration
1. Install OpenSSH server:
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install openssh-server
2. Check SSH server status:
sudo systemctl status ssh
3. Enable SSH service:
sudo systemctl enable ssh
2. Apache Web Server Configuration
1. Install Apache server:
sudo apt-get install apache2
2. Enable necessary modules:
sudo a2enmod ssl
sudo a2enmod rewrite
3. Create configuration file for www and wordpress subdomains:
sudo nano /etc/apache2/sites-available/000-default.conf
Add the following configuration:
<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerName www.yourdomain.com
DocumentRoot /var/www/html
Redirect permanent / https://www.yourdomain.com/
</VirtualHost>
<VirtualHost *:443>
ServerName www.yourdomain.com
DocumentRoot /var/www/html
SSLEngine on
SSLCertificateFile /etc/ssl/certs/your_cert.crt
SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/ssl/private/your_key.key
</VirtualHost>
<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerName wordpress.yourdomain.com
DocumentRoot /var/www/wordpress
Redirect permanent / https://wordpress.yourdomain.com/
</VirtualHost>
<VirtualHost *:443>
ServerName wordpress.yourdomain.com
DocumentRoot /var/www/wordpress
SSLEngine on
SSLCertificateFile /etc/ssl/certs/your_cert.crt
SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/ssl/private/your_key.key
</VirtualHost>
4. Enable new virtual hosts:
sudo a2ensite 000-default.conf
sudo systemctl reload apache2
3. WordPress Installation and Configuration
1. Install necessary packages:
sudo apt-get install php php-mysql mysql-server
2. Create a database for WordPress:
sudo mysql -u root -p
CREATE DATABASE wordpress;
CREATE USER 'wp_user'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'password';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON wordpress.* TO 'wp_user'@'localhost';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
EXIT;
3. Download and install WordPress:
cd /tmp
wget https://wordpress.org/latest.tar.gz
tar -xvf latest.tar.gz
sudo mv wordpress /var/www/
sudo chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www/wordpress
sudo chmod -R 755 /var/www/wordpress
4. Configure WordPress:
Open your browser and visit https://wordpress.yourdomain.com and follow the installation
instructions.
4. Mail Server Configuration (Postfix and Dovecot)
1. Install Postfix and Dovecot servers:
sudo apt-get install postfix dovecot-core dovecot-imapd
2. Configure Postfix server:
sudo nano /etc/postfix/main.cf
Add or modify the following lines:
myhostname = mail.yourdomain.com
mydestination = yourdomain.com, localhost
smtpd_banner = $myhostname ESMTP $mail_name
biff = no
3. Restart Postfix service:
sudo systemctl restart postfix
4. Configure Dovecot server:
sudo nano /etc/dovecot/dovecot.conf
Add or modify the following lines:
protocols = imap
5. Restart Dovecot service:
sudo systemctl restart dovecot
6. Create two users:
sudo adduser user1
sudo adduser user2
5. Webmail Configuration (Roundcube)
1. Install Roundcube webmail client:
sudo apt-get install roundcube roundcube-core roundcube-mysql
2. Configure Roundcube server:
sudo nano /etc/roundcube/config.inc.php
Set up the appropriate database and server settings.
3. Set up the Roundcube webmail site:
sudo nano /etc/apache2/sites-available/webmail.conf
Add the following configuration:
<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerName webmail.yourdomain.com
DocumentRoot /usr/share/roundcube
Redirect permanent / https://webmail.yourdomain.com/
</VirtualHost>
<VirtualHost *:443>
ServerName webmail.yourdomain.com
DocumentRoot /usr/share/roundcube
SSLEngine on
SSLCertificateFile /etc/ssl/certs/your_cert.crt
SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/ssl/private/your_key.key
</VirtualHost>
4. Enable the new virtual host:
sudo a2ensite webmail.conf
sudo systemctl reload apache2
