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    Introduction To HTML

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    Dhan Belgica

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Introduction To HTML

    Uploaded by

    Dhan Belgica
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    Original Title

    05. Introduction to HTML

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    Introduction To HTML

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    Dhan Belgica

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    `

    MODULE 05: INTRODUCTION TO HTML


    INSTRUCTOR: EDAN A. BELGICA

    INTRODUCTION TO WORLD WIDE WEB

    Introduction

    HTML, or HyperText Markup Language is the standard markup language used to create web
    pages. It is a combination of Hypertext and Markup language. The Hypertext defines the link between
    web pages, and Markup defines the text document within tags to structure the web pages. This
    language annotates text so that machines can understand and manipulate it accordingly. HTML is
    human-readable and uses tags to define what manipulation has to be done on the text..

    What is HTML?

    HTML stands for Hypertext Markup Language and it is used to create webpages. It uses HTML
    tags and attributes to describe the structure and formatting of a web page.

    HTML consists of various elements, that are responsible for telling search engines how to display
    page content. For example, headings, lists, images, links, and more.

    • The <!DOCTYPE html> declaration defines that this document is an HTML5 document

    • The <html> element is the root element of an HTML page

    • The <head> element contains meta information about the HTML page
    `
    • The <title> element specifies a title for the HTML page (which is shown in the browser's
    title bar or in the page's tab)

    • The <body> element defines the document's body, and is a container for all the visible
    contents, such as headings, paragraphs, images, hyperlinks, tables, lists, etc.

    • The <h1> element defines a large heading

    • The <p> element defines a paragraph

    What is an HTML Element?

    An HTML element is defined by a start tag, some content, and an end tag:

    <tagname> Content goes here... </tagname>

    The HTML element is everything from the start tag to the end tag:

    <h1>My First Heading</h1>

    <p>My first paragraph.</p>

    Web Browsers

    The purpose of a web browser (Chrome, Edge, Firefox, Safari) is to read HTML documents and
    display them correctly.

    A browser does not display the HTML tags, but uses them to determine how to display the document:
    `
    HTML Page Structure

    Below is a visualization of an HTML page structure:

    HTML History

    Since the early days of the World Wide Web, there have been many versions of HTML:

    Year Version

    1989 Tim Berners-Lee invented www

    1991 Tim Berners-Lee invented HTML

    1993 Dave Raggett drafted HTML+

    1995 HTML Working Group defined HTML 2.0

    1997 W3C Recommendation: HTML 3.2


    `
    1999 W3C Recommendation: HTML 4.01

    2000 W3C Recommendation: XHTML 1.0

    2008 WHATWG HTML5 First Public Draft

    2012 WHATWG HTML5 Living Standard

    2014 W3C Recommendation: HTML5

    2016 W3C Candidate Recommendation: HTML 5.1

    2017 W3C Recommendation: HTML5.1 2nd Edition

    2017 W3C Recommendation: HTML5.2

    HTML Editors

    Web pages can be created and modified by using professional HTML editors or using simple text
    editors.

    Write Some HTML

    Save the HTML Page

    Save the file on your computer. Select File > Save as in the Notepad menu.

    Name the file "index.htm" and set the encoding to UTF-8 (which is the preferred encoding for HTML
    files).
    `
    View the HTML Page in Your Browser

    Open the saved HTML file in your favorite browser (double click on the file, or right-click - and choose
    "Open with").

    The result will look much like this:

    HTML Basic Examples

    HTML Documents

    All HTML documents must start with a document type declaration: <!DOCTYPE html>.

    The HTML document itself begins with <html> and ends with </html>.

    The visible part of the HTML document is between <body> and </body>.

    The <!DOCTYPE> Declaration

    The <!DOCTYPE> declaration represents the document type, and helps browsers to display web
    pages correctly.

    It must only appear once, at the top of the page (before any HTML tags).

    The <!DOCTYPE> declaration is not case sensitive.

    The <!DOCTYPE> declaration for HTML5 is:


    `
    HTML Headings

    HTML headings are defined with the <h1> to <h6> tags.

    <h1> defines the most important heading. <h6> defines the least important heading:

    HTML Paragraphs

    HTML paragraphs are defined with the <p> tag:

    HTML Links

    HTML links are defined with the <a> tag:

    The link's destination is specified in the href attribute.

    Attributes are used to provide additional information about HTML elements.

    HTML Images

    HTML images are defined with the <img> tag.

    The source file (src), alternative text (alt), width, and height are provided as attributes:

    References:

    https://www.w3schools.com/html/html_basic.asp

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