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    2021_08_GGI 4201 ERM Exam(1)-1

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    2021_08_GGI 4201 ERM Exam(1)-1

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    2021_08_GGI 4201 ERM Exam(1)-1

    Uploaded by

    masyuki.oscar20

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    DEDAN KIMATHI UNIVERSITY

    OF
    TECHNOLOGY

    University Examinations 2021/2022

    FOURTH YEAR SECOND SEMESTER EXAM FOR THE DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN
    GEOSPATIAL INFORMATION SCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING

    GGI 4201 ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT EXAM

    DATE: AUGUST 2021 TIME: 2 HOURS

    INSTRUCTIONS: Attempt questions ONE and any other TWO questions

    QUESTION ONE (30 Marks)

    a) What do you understand by the following terms in relation to Environmental


    Management?
    i. Preservation (2 Marks):
    ii. Potentially Renewable resources (3 Marks)
    iii. Biodiversity Conservation (3 Marks)
    iv. Ecological deficit (2 Marks)
    b) Discuss what you understand by the Rio Declaration on Environment and
    Development including its main objectives (6 Marks)
    c) Differentiate between Environmental Resource Management and Natural Resource
    Management (4 Marks).
    d) Outline the different Resource Management approaches as categorized by the
    United Nations Conference for the Environment and Development (UNCED) -Rio de
    Janeiro in 1992 (5 Marks)
    e) Clearly elucidate what you understand by Multilateral Environmental Agreements
    giving at list three examples (5 Marks)

    Page 1 of 2
    QUESTION TWO (20 Marks)

    a) Explain the different resources ownership approaches regime (5 Marks)


    b) Explain what Sustainable Development Goals are and discuss the Goals that directly
    touch on Environment Resource Management (15 Marks).

    QUESTION THREE (20 Marks)

    a) The UN advocates CBNRM in the CBD and the Convention to Combat Desertification
    where it manly includes the involvement of the local communities to manage the
    available resources, despite its perceived benefits, discuss.
    b) Outline some of the new sources of energy are likely to satisfy Kenya’s future energy
    demands (5 Marks)

    QUESTION FOUR (20 Marks)

    a) Degradation of natural resources is a serious problem in Kenya. The major areas of


    concern are arresting and reversing deforestation, controlling erosion and managing
    soil, managing soil moisture and water, halting the degradation of pastures,
    recovering and conserving marine resources and conserving biodiversity. You have
    been approached to explain the utility of GIS and Remote Sensing in modeling land
    degradation in Kenya. Explain in detail how you go about this. (14 Marks)
    b) Explain the different ways in which diversity is lost taking into considerations the
    level of impact of each (6 Marks).

    QUESTION FIVE (20 Marks)

    a) The conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity is fundamental to achieving


    sustainable development and sustainable livelihoods. Explain how you would use GIS
    and Remote Sensing in conserving the resource rich Masai Mara Ecosystem (20
    Marks).

    Page 2 of 2

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