Preliminary Pages

STUDENTS' PERCEPTIONS REGARDING THE AUTHENTICITY AND
FAIRNESS OF LEARNING MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (LMS)-BASED
GRADING SYSTEMS
(A CASE STUDY OF DISTANCE LEARNING INSTITUTE, UNIVERSITY OF LAGOS
BY
ADEBULE, MOYOSORE AYOTOLA

MATRIC NUMBER: 171004086
A PROJECT SUBMITTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF

EDUCATION, DISTANCE LEARNING INSTITUTE,
UNIVERSITY OF LAGOS, IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF
THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE
OF BACHELOR OF SCIENCE B.Sc. (Ed) IN BIOLOGY
EDUCATION
AUGUST, 2024
CERTIFICATION
This is to certify that this research project titled: “Students' Perceptions Regarding the
Authenticity and Fairness of Learning Management System (LMS)-Based Grading
Systems at the Distance Learning Institute, University of Lagos”, written by Adebule,
Moyosore Ayotoloa with the matriculation number (171004086) was carried out under my
supervision.
………………….............. ………………….
Dr. Olusoji A. Date
Project Supervisor
DEDICATION
This research is dedicated to Jesus Christ, whose grace and guidance have
been the source of strength and inspiration throughout this study. His
teachings have provided the foundation upon which this work is built, and
His wisdom has guided the pursuit of knowledge and understanding. To Him
be all the glory and honor.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
I am deeply grateful to God for his numerous blessings and favor, especially
for seeing me through the research work and my undergraduate program at
large. I thank myself, for giving myself the wisdom, knowledge, and patience
to finish this work.
I am really proud of myself for believing myself and for making this happen,
and never quitting. I thank and applaud myself for executing this work.
I am really grateful to my Mom (Mrs Olayinka, and also my Late Father (Mr
Babatunde) for their immeasurable endless support, moral support, and
prayers. The successful completion of this research work and my
undergraduate program can be attributed to them. I greatly appreciate my
sister, Temitope, my aunties and my cousin, ( Mr Ekutti, Mrs Adebayo, Mrs
Onichabor, Mrs Oludare ) for their unrelenting support throughout my
undergraduate program.
I highly appreciate my project supervisor, (Dr. Olusoji Adewunmi ) for his

guidance, advice, and thorough supervision in ensuring this research project
was well done. I also appreciate his motivation in making me put in the
required work in executing the project.
I appreciate my friends, Gloria, Hope, Ademiju, Kunmi, Sandra, for making

my undergraduate program a blissful and memorable one.
ABSTRACT
This study explores the perceptions of students regarding the authenticity and fairness of
Learning Management System (LMS)-based grading systems at the Distance Learning Institute,
University of Lagos. As educational institutions increasingly adopt LMS platforms to facilitate
online learning and assessment, concerns about the objectivity and transparency of digital
grading mechanisms have emerged. Using a descriptive survey design, the study sampled 288
students across various departments to examine their views on the reliability, transparency, and
overall effectiveness of LMS-based grading systems. Data were collected through a structured
questionnaire and analyzed using frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, and Pearson
correlation. The findings indicate mixed perceptions among students, with some expressing
confidence in the system's ability to deliver fair grades, while others highlight issues related to
technical glitches, lack of feedback, and perceived biases in automated grading algorithms. The
study concludes by recommending enhancements in LMS functionalities, such as improved
feedback mechanisms and greater transparency in grading criteria, to boost student trust and
satisfaction in LMS-based assessment processes.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title Page i
Certification ii
Dedication iii
Acknowledgements iv
Abstract v
Table of Contents vi
List of Tables x
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background to the Study 1
1.2 Statement of the Problem 4
1.3 Aim and Objectives of the Study 4
1.4 Relevant Research Questions 5
1.5 Relevant Research Hypotheses 6
1.6 Significance of the Study 6
1.7 Scope of the Study 7
1.8 Definition of Terms 7
References 8
CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 Preamble 10
2.2 Theoretical Framework 10
2.3 Empirical Review 14
References 22
CHAPTER THREE: METHODOLOGY
3.1 Preamble 25
3.2 Research Design 25
3.3 Population of the Study 25
3.4 Sampling, Procedure and Sample Size 25
3.5 Data Collection Instrument and Validation 25
3.6 Method of Data Analysis 26
3.7 Limitation of the Methodology 26
CHAPTER FOUR: DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS
4.1 Preamble 27
4.2 Presentation and Analysis of Data According to Research Questions 27
4.3 Test of Hypotheses 32
4.4 Discussion of Findings 34
CHAPTER: SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

5.1 Summary 36
5.2 Conclusion 37
5.3 Recommendations 38
Bibliography 39
Appendix 45

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STUDENTS' PERCEPTIONS REGARDING THE AUTHENTICITY AND

FAIRNESS OF LEARNING MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (LMS)-BASED

(A CASE STUDY OF DISTANCE LEARNING INSTITUTE, UNIVERSITY OF LAGOS

ADEBULE, MOYOSORE AYOTOLA

A PROJECT SUBMITTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF

be all the glory and honor.

I highly appreciate my project supervisor, (Dr. Olusoji Adewunmi ) for his

I appreciate my friends, Gloria, Hope, Ademiju, Kunmi, Sandra, for making

University of Lagos. As educational institutions increasingly adopt LMS platforms to facilitate

study concludes by recommending enhancements in LMS functionalities, such as improved

satisfaction in LMS-based assessment processes.

CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background to the Study 1

1.2 Statement of the Problem 4

1.3 Aim and Objectives of the Study 4

1.4 Relevant Research Questions 5

1.5 Relevant Research Hypotheses 6

1.6 Significance of the Study 6

1.7 Scope of the Study 7

1.8 Definition of Terms 7

CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW

2.2 Theoretical Framework 10

2.3 Empirical Review 14

CHAPTER THREE: METHODOLOGY

CHAPTER FOUR: DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS

CHAPTER: SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

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