Cambridge Lower Secondary Sample Test

For use with curriculum published in

September 2020

Science Paper 1
Stage 8
45 minutes

Name

No additional materials are needed.

INSTRUCTIONS
• Answer all questions.
• Write your answer to each question in the space provided.
• You should show all your working on the question paper.

INFORMATION
• The total mark for this paper is 50.
• The number of marks for each question or part question is shown in brackets [ ].

Science_S8_01/10RP
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1 The diagram shows part of the human respiratory system.

(a) (i) The structures labelled X and Y change the volume of the lungs during breathing.

Name the structures X and Y.

X is Ribcage

Y is diaphragm
[2]

(ii) Describe how structures X and Y move to increase the volume of the lungs.

The Ribcage expands so the lungs can be filled with air and have more space
the diaphragm contracts and flattens.

[2]

(b) Mike and Rajiv plan an investigation to find out how running speed affects breathing rate.

(i) Name the equipment they must use to measure their breathing rate.

[1]

(ii) State one variable they need to change.

The Speed when running [1]

(iii) State one variable they need to keep the same.

The amount the run [1]

(iv) Suggest one way they record and present their results.

When they are running they check [1]

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2 Aiko draws a diagram of an atom of lithium.

(a) The electrons in the charge cloud are held in position.

They do not escape from the atom.

Explain why the electrons in the charge cloud cannot escape from the atom.

Use ideas about the charges on the particles in the atom.

Because of the electrostatic attraction as the electrons are negative and the protons
are positive they attract.

[2]

(b) Aiko wants to draw a diagram of an atom of sodium.

Describe two ways an atom of sodium is different from an atom of lithium.

1 It has more electrons, neutrons and protons

2
[2]

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3 Carlos investigates what happens when light hits a mirror and when light hits a glass block.

(a) (i) Complete the diagram to show what happens to a light ray that hits the surface of a
mirror.

[1]

(ii) Complete the diagram to show what happens to a light ray that hits and then goes
through a glass block.

[2]

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(b) When white light goes through a prism, the light is refracted and split into the colours of the
rainbow.

What is the name of this process?

Dispersion [1]

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4 Here is some information about a loaf of bread.

amount per
component
100 g of bread

energy 970 kJ
protein 8.0 g
carbohydrate 51 g
fat 1.7 g
dietary fibre 3.5 g
salt 1.4 g

(a) Why does the body need a supply of protein?

To repair and growth. [1]

(b) The total mass of protein, carbohydrate, fat, dietary fibre and salt in the table does not add
up to 100 g.

What substance makes up the remaining mass of bread?

Vitamins and minerals is what makes up the rest of the bread [1]

(c) (i) Calculate the amount of energy provided by 20 g of bread.

194 kJ [1]

(ii) Which component in the bread provides most of this energy?

carbohydrates [1]

(d) Rajiv eats 50 g of bread.

This provides 5% of his recommended daily amount (RDA) of protein.

What is Rajiv’s RDA of protein?

80 g [2]

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5 Lily investigates the ink on a letter.

She uses paper chromatography to separate the dyes in some inks.

Look at the results of Lily’s experiment.

(a) Describe how paper chromatography separates the dyes in ink.

They out a color dot and a put it in water and the water as it goes up the paper it will show all

[1]

(b) Which ink was used to write the letter?

Choose from A, B, C or D.
The ink from letter

Explain how you can tell.

Because the dots were in the same height of the paper as the ink from the letter.

[2]

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6 This question is about magnets.

(a) On the diagram of the bar magnet, complete the two magnetic field lines shown.

[1]

(b) Jamila makes an electromagnet.

Look at the diagram for her electromagnet.

The electromagnet attracts steel paperclips.

Jamila wants to make her electromagnet stronger.

Write down two ways she can make her electromagnet stronger.

1 More turn of thhe coll wire

2
Stronger current.
[2]

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7 The drawings, based on fossils, show an iguanodon and a woolly mammoth.

These animals both lived in the same parts of Europe but at different times.

Both animals are now extinct.

Scientists think that the Earth’s climate cycles between warm and cold periods of time.

(a) Does the fossil evidence support the idea that the Earth has cycles of warm and cold periods
of time?

Yes

Give two reasons for your answer.

1 There are some that lived long ago that adapted to the cold and the other
had adapted to the heat

2 Because of the fossil

[2]

(b) Explain if the fossil evidence supports the idea that each cycle takes a long period of time.

Because the fossil take long to make.

[1]

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8 Ahmed investigates the energy changes when some chemicals are mixed.

He measures the temperature at the start and at the end of each reaction.

Look at his results.

temperature at start temperature at end

mixture type of reaction
in °C in °C

A 18 26 exothermic

B 18 18

C 18 10 endothermic

(a) The reaction in mixture A is exothermic.

Explain how you can tell.

Because of temperature increase [1]

(b) What type of reaction is reaction C?

Endothermic [1]

(c) Mixture B involves substances that are unreactive.

What word describes substances that are unreactive?

Circle the correct answer.

metals non-metals inert explosive

[1]

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9 Yuri runs a 100 m race.

He takes 13 seconds to run 100 m.

(a) Calculate Yuri’s average speed.

Include the units in your answer.

Yuri’s average speed = 7.69m/s [2]

(b) Yuri does a run.

Look at the distance / time graph for Yuri’s run.

Yuri stops for a rest.

Between which points does Yuri stop for a rest?

Tick () the box next to the correct answer.

A and B

B and C

C and D

D and E
[1]

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10 Read the information about the Solar System.

• Earth is one of the eight major planets in the Solar System.

• Before 1554 the only known planets were Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn.

• In 1608 the first simple telescope was invented by Lippershey.

• In 1781 Uranus was discovered by Herschel.

• In 1801 Piazzi discovered the first asteroid.

• Some time later a ring of asteroids was discovered in orbit between Mars and
Jupiter. This is called the asteroid belt.

• Asteroids vary in size and shape.

• In 1846 Neptune was discovered by Galle.

Use the information to help you to answer the questions.

(a) Suggest why astronomers did not discover the asteroid belt until the early 1800s.
Because the first asteroid was first discovered in 1801

[1]

(b) Circle the name of the scientist who discovered the first asteroid.

Galle Herschel Lippershey Piazzi

[1]

(c) (i) What are asteroids made of?

Rocks [1]

(ii) Why are asteroids not classified as planets?

Because they do not rotate around the sun and are too small [1]

(d) Modern telescopes have a much larger magnification than the first telescopes.

Suggest two ways modern telescopes help to improve our knowledge of asteroids and the
asteroid belt.

1 Because we can see asteroids much better as we have a way closer look at them.

2 Because you can see how they react.

[2]

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11 Chemical formulae are used to model chemical compounds.

The chemical formula for glucose is C6H12O6.

A molecule of glucose contains:

• 6 atoms of carbon, C
• 12 atoms of hydrogen, H
• 6 atoms of oxygen, O.

A molecule of sulfuric acid contains:

• 2 atoms of hydrogen, H
• 1 atom of sulfur, S
• 4 atoms of oxygen, O.

(a) Write the chemical formula for sulfuric acid.

formula H2SO4 [1]

(b) The concentration of a solution of glucose depends on how many glucose particles are
present in 1 cm3 of water.

An analogy for concentration is how many children are in a room.

(i) What is meant by an analogy?

Like another way to analize the concentration of the amount of children in the
room.
[1]

(ii) Describe how the analogy of children in a room can be used to model a high
concentration solution and a low concentration solution.

high concentration A classroom the is full of children and has no more space

A classroom that is almost empty with a lot of space.

low concentration

[2]

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12 Safia investigates how changing the temperature affects the volume of a gas.

She places a sealed balloon in water at two different temperatures.

She uses water at 10 °C and at 50 °C.

She measures the diameter of the balloon at both temperatures.

Predict what happens to the diameter of the balloon as the temperature of the water increases.

Prediction The diameter of the balloon will increase after the temperature of the water increases

Explain your answer. Use ideas about particles.

It increases because the particles start to move faster so it will expand the balloon
which like that it wiull increase the diameter.

[3]

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BLANK PAGE

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