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    Excel

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    Excel

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    Excel

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    Jasmine

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    DEFINITION OF EXCEL

    • Microsoft Excel, spreadsheet application launched in 1985 by the Microsoft


    Corporation. Excel is a popular spreadsheet system, which organizes data in
    columns and rows that can be manipulated through formulas that allow the
    software to perform mathematical functions on the data.

    HISTORY OF EXCEL
    • Microsoft Excel was initially introduced in 1985. Excel 1.0 was one of the
    first spreadsheet applications that used a graphical interface that had pull-
    down menus as well as the point-and-click technology of a mouse. This
    version was only available for Macintosh. 1987 then saw the release of
    Excel 2.0, the first Windows-friendly version. By the time Excel 3.0 was
    released in 1990, it was part of the Microsoft Office suite, which also came
    with PowerPoint 2.0 and Word 1.1. Together, these three apps offered
    support for Dynamic Data Exchange, which provided them with a way to
    utilize Windows services so that information between programs could be
    exchanged in real-time and interface with one another. Excel 3.0 included
    several new features, such as 3-D charts, outlining capabilities, and add-in
    support.

    • The first widely-popular version of Excel debuted in 1992. Excel 4


    incorporated an array of new features like shortcuts and AutoFill. Then, just
    one year later, Excel 5 came out. This version of the spreadsheet app
    introduced VBA, the language with which Excel users can create macros.
    Excel 5 could also support multiple worksheets.

    • Excel 7 was the next version released. It became part of Microsoft Office for
    Windows 95. In order to provide users with improved stability and faster
    speed, it was rewritten to 32 bits. From then onward, Excel versions were
    each integrated into the Windows operating system. By this time, Excel had
    added enough new features that it finally succeeded in beating out its main
    competitor Lotus 1-2-3, which was struggling to adapt to the Windows
    environment.
    • 1997 brought the release of Excel 8. New tools like the paperclip assistant
    were offered with this version, as well as a more effective VBA
    environment. The next two Excel versions, 2000 and 2003, only included
    minor improvements, like the ability to import data from other apps.

    • Excel 2007 provided a substantial increase in the application’s capacity,


    providing users with access to 1 million rows and 16,000 columns. In
    addition, this version moved the ribbon to make for a cleaner interface. The
    ribbon was again improved in Excel 2010. This version also included
    PivotTables, one of Excel’s core features to this day.

    • Those looking to create complex data models in Excel could do so using


    Excel 2013. Three years later, another Excel update incorporated features
    such as the capacity to use a 3D map to present data, as well as the Forecast
    Sheet function.

    • The last time Microsoft Excel was updated was in 2019. At this time, map
    charts, funnel charts, new keyboard shortcuts, and improved calculation
    functions were all added to this spreadsheet application.

    DIFFERENCE OF EXCEL AND SHEETS


    ❖ Google Sheets offers a free version, whereas Excel does not
    You can Google Sheets on a web app (cloud access) and/or mobile device,
    whereas Excel is available as a web app, desktop app, and mobile app.
    ❖ Google Sheets offers real-time collaboration, whereas Excel offers limited
    offline collaboration.
    ❖ Sheets are simpler to use in comparison to Excel.
    ❖ Excel is a better app in terms of performance. Plus, it can do more
    calculations, has more functions, and can tackle massive amounts of data.

    PARTS OF EXCEL
    1. WORKBOOK - Also called a spreadsheet, the workbook is a unique file
    created by Excel XP.

    2. TITLE BAR - The title bar displays both the name of the application and the
    name of the spreadsheet.

    3. MENU BAR - The menu bar displays all of the menus available for use in
    Excel XP. The contents of any menu can be displayed by left-clicking the
    menu name.

    4. TOOLBAR - Some commands in the menus have pictures or icons


    associated with them.

    5. COLUMN HEADINGS - Each Excel spreadsheet contains 256 columns.


    Each column is named by a letter or combination of letters.

    6. ROW HEADINGS - Each spreadsheet contains 65,536 rows. Each row is


    named by a number.

    7. NAME BOX - This shows the address of the current selection or active cell.

    8. FORMULA BOX - The formula bar displays information entered—or being


    entered as you type—in the current or active cell. The contents of a cell can
    also be edited in the formula bar.

    9. CELL - A cell is an intersection of a column and row. Each cell has a unique
    cell address. In the picture above, the cell address of the selected cell is B3.
    The heavy border around the selected cell is called the cell pointer.

    10. NAVIGATION BUTTONS AND SHEET TABS - Navigation buttons


    allow you to move to another worksheet in an Excel workbook. They are
    used to display the first, previous, next, and last worksheets in the
    workbook. Sheet tabs separate a workbook into specific worksheets. A
    workbook defaults to three worksheets. A workbook must contain at least
    one worksheet.
    11. WORKBOOK AND WORKSHEETS - A workbook automatically shows
    in the workspace when you open Microsoft Excel XP. Each workbook
    contains three worksheets. A worksheet is a grid of cells consisting of
    65,536 rows by 256 columns. Spreadsheet information—text, numbers, or
    mathematical formulas—is entered into different cells. COLUMN headings
    are referenced by alphabetic characters in the gray boxes that run across the
    Excel screen, beginning with column A and ending with column IV. ROWS
    are referenced by numbers that appear on the left and then run down the
    Excel screen. The first row is named row 1, while the last row is named
    65536.

    12. THE CELL - An Excel worksheet is made up of columns and rows. Where
    these columns and rows intersect, they form little boxes called cells. The
    active cell—or the cell that can be acted upon—reveals a dark border. All
    other cells reveal a light gray border. Each cell has a name. Its name is
    comprised of two parts: the column letter and the row number.

    FUNCTIONS OF EXCEL
     SUM FUNCTION - The Excel SUM function returns the sum of all inserted
    values. For the input, you can combine any sort of numerical values, e.g.
    numbers, cell references, ranges or arrays. Syntax: SUM (number1,
    [number2], [number3], …)

     AVERAGE FUNCTION - The Excel AVERAGE function returns the


    average of all inserted values. For the input, you can combine any sort of
    numerical values, e.g. numbers, cell references, ranges or arrays. Syntax:
    AVERAGE (number1, [number2], [number3], …)

     IF FUNCTION - The Excel IF function is the most essential function in


    Excel for logical tests. You can define the value that is returned by this
    function if the result of the logical test is TRUE and the value that is
    returned if the result is FALSE. If you want to test more than one condition,
    you can simply nest multiple IF functions. Syntax: IF (logical_test,
    [value_if_true], [value_if_false])

     MIN & MAX FUNCTION - The Excel MIN function returns the smallest
    numeric value in a range of values. Accordingly, the Excel MAX function
    returns the biggest numeric value in a range of values. Both functions only
    consider numeric values. Empty cells, logical or text values will be ignored.
    Syntax: MIN (number1, [number2], …) MAX (number1, [number2], …)

     TRIM FUNCTION - The Excel TRIM function removes the leading and
    trailing spaces from a given text. Additionally, it removes unnecessary
    spaces between words. Syntax: TRIM (text)

     CONCATENATE FUNCTION - The Excel CONCATENATE function


    joins two or more text items together. Syntax: CONCATENATE (text1,
    [text2], …)

     COUNT FUNCTION - The Excel COUNT function counts the number of


    cells containing numbers. Syntax: COUNT (value1, [value2], …)

     COUNTA FUNCTION - The Excel COUNTA function counts the number


    of cells containing numbers, text, logical values, error values, and empty
    text. Empty cells will be ignored. Syntax: COUNTA (value1, [value2], …)

     COUNTIF FUNCTION - The Excel COUNTIF function counts the number


    of cells meeting a specific criteria. It supports all sorts of logical operators
    and wildcards (*,?) for partial matching. Syntax: COUNTIF (range, criteria)

     SUMIF FUNCTION - The Excel SUMIF function returns the sum of all
    cells meeting a specific criteria. It supports all sorts of logical operators and
    wildcards (*,?) for partial matching. If the range for the criteria check and
    the sum range are not the same, the sum range can be provided as a third
    optional parameter. Syntax: SUMIF (range, criteria, [sum_range])

    DEFINITION OF MENU TABS


    • Menu tabs refer to the different tabs located at the top of the Excel window
    within the Ribbon interface. Each tab represents a category of commands
    and features, organizing functions into logical groupings for easy access and
    navigation.

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