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UNIT 1.
LEISURE TIME
Tải trọn bộ tài liệu vui lòng
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chuyenanhvan.com hoặc Zalo
0388202311
A. PHONETICS
I. Put the words into the correct column.
01 01
look group computer future
push textbook move woman
school football drew cartoon
wolf pudding glue neighbourhood
/u:/ /ʊ/

II. Underline the bold words with /ʊ/, and circle the bold words with /u:/.
1. Would you prefer rice or noodles for lunch?
2. There were a lot of people, so we had to push our way through the crowd.
3. Should we add a teaspoon of sugar in this strawberry smoothie?
4. After 2 months of learning, her skill in making wool cardigan has improved a lot.
5. My brother bought me some colourful cushions from his business trip in Liverpool.
6. Jackson is in the hospital because he dropped the cutting tool and hurt his foot.

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7. This restaurant has the best pumpkin soup in town, but we are too full to try it.
8. We’re going to spend a few days in the woods to watch the supermoon.

B. VOCABULARY and GRAMMAR

I. Look at the pictures and write the name of the activities.
knitting messaging playing sport doing DIY hanging out
gardening snowboarding doing puzzles making origami surfing the net

1. ____________________________________ 2. ____________________________________
02 02

3. ____________________________________ 4. ____________________________________

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5. ____________________________________ 6. ____________________________________

7. ____________________________________ 8. ____________________________________

9. ____________________________________ 10. ____________________________________

03 II. Complete the sentences with the words in part I. 03
1. Susan enjoys ________________, and she grows many different types of flowers.
2. My sister loves ________________, and she made me this sweater.
3. Young people often find that ________________ friends can be very relaxing.
4. Internet addicts spend too much time ________________.
5. ________________ has become very popular with teenagers, especially soccer.
6. Helen fancies ________________ with her friends at weekends.
7. He’s useless at ________________. He can’t even put up a shelf.
8. Trang is fond of ________________ on the daily newspaper.
9. ________________ is one of the best ways to spend a winter vacation.
10. My sister is very good at ________________. She can fold paper into animals, birds, flowers, etc.
III. Put the words into the correct category.
a comedy, a skill, hanging out, going to the park, aerobics, collecting books, the news,
visiting relatives, a book, a language, a poem, judo, chatting, making crafts, the newspaper,
having meals together, gardening, a musical instrument, skating, a drama, visiting museums,
cycling to nearby villages, doing DIY projects, volleyball, messaging friends, a game show

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1. Going to a place
2. Having hobbies
3. Learning something
4. Playing sports
5. Reading
6. Socializing with friends
7. Spending time with family
8. Watching TV
IV. Match two parts of the sentences.
1. My grandmother is fond a. exciting to play that detective game.
2. Many young people are interested b. on trying new recipes for pizzas.
3. Katie is crazy c. of knitting scarves at Christmas.
4. My friend Jamie is really d. doing DIY with his older brother.
5. The chef is keen e. in taking photos of plants and flowers.
6. The tourists would like f. into listening to folk music.

04 7. Most people have found it g. about doing puzzles these days. 04

8. The child enjoys h. to go sightseeing the city on a double decker.
V. Complete the sentences with the words in the box.
leisure interested satisfied popular addicted social relaxing fun
1. It is very ________________ to lie on the beach, and listen to the sound of the waves.
2. Messaging is one of the most ________________ methods of communication among teenagers.
3. Many teens are hooked on ________________ networks like Facebook, Twitter and Instagram.
4. My hobby is playing basketball. Are you ________________ in learning?
5. He was not ________________ with the camera, so he returned it to the store.
6. Bird-watching is an increasingly popular ________________ activity.
7. Hanging out with friends is ________________. I really enjoy it.
8. Jonathan promised not to get ________________ to online games.
VI. Complete the sentences with the correct form (to-infinitive or -ing form) of the verbs in the box.
Some verbs con be followed by either a to-infinitive or an -ing form.
stay make watch do cycle eat hang out travel get read
1. My brother loves ________________ live football on TV.

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2. Do people in your country like ________________ abroad on vacation?

3. Riding a bike is Lan’s pleasure, but she detests ________________ in the rain.
4. Instead, they prefer ________________ at home and watch television.
5. As a child, he hated ________________ books, but now he finds it enjoyable.
6. Minh is in good shape. He enjoys ________________ sport and exercise.
7. She doesn’t like ________________ up early in the morning, especially at the weekend.
8. Emily dislikes ________________ crafts, but she enjoys origami.
9. I fancy ________________ out tonight because I’m too tired to cook.
10. Nancy adores ________________ with her best friend Helen.
VII. Complete the sentences with the to-infinitive or -ing form of the verbs in brackets.
1. I have enjoyed ________________ (meet) you. Hope ________________ (see) you again soon.
2. My father is not keen on coffee. He prefers ________________ (drink) tea.
3. I am a little busy. Would you mind ________________ (wait) a little longer?
4. Mobile games are great, but I don’t like ________________ (play) them for too long.
5. If I can choose, I prefer ________________ (stay) at home to ________________ (play) sports.

05 6. Tonight I’d like ________________ (go) out, but I have to do my homework. 05

7. Sue loves ________________ (make) origami. She can fold some animals, birds and flowers.
8. I detested ________________ (spend) two hours every day travelling to work and back.
9. He started ________________ (surf) the net hours ago. Let’s tell him to stop ________________
(surf).
10. I tried hard ________________ (concentrate), but my mind kept ________________ (wander).
VIII. Choose the best answer a, b, c, or d to complete the sentence.
1. How much time do you spend __________ TV every day?
a. watch b. to watch c. watching d. in watching
2. I'd hate __________ the exams, so I’m doing my best.
a. failing b. to fail c. fail d. failed
3. I always enjoy __________ to my grandfather. He always tells me great stories.
a. to talk b. to talking c. talking d. talk
4. Could you help me __________ the kitchen? It’s a real mess!
a. tidy b. tidied c. tidying d. with tidying
5. Steven dislikes __________, so he usually takes a bus to work.

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a. to drive b. to be driven c. be driven d. driving

6. Do you prefer __________ at home or going out on the weekend?
a. relax b. to relax c. relaxing d. on relaxing
7. Marlene can’t wait __________ to the beach again.
a. to go b. going c. for going d. go
8. I really regret __________ this computer - it’s useless.
a. buy b. to buy c. buying d. for buying
9. Your child needs __________ some weight. Tell him __________ less junk food and take more
exercise.
a. to lose – eat b. to lose - to eat c. losing - to eat d. losing – eat
10. I would love __________ to your party! Thank you for inviting me.
a. come b. coming c. to come d. came
IX. Complete the passage with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
Hi Martha,
How are you? Let me tell you about what I usually do in my free time.

06 When I have free time, I love (1) ______________ (relax) myself. First of all, I enjoy (2) 06
______________ (watch) TV, especially movies. I like almost all kinds of movies such as action,
comedy, and romance. However, I dislike (3) ______________ (watch) horror movies like zombie
films. I find them scary and I can’t stand (4) ______________ (watch) violent scenes in films. In
addition, I’m into (5) ______________ (listen) to music because it makes me feel comfortable and
relaxed. I am really a big fan of Taylor Swift and some Korean bands. And I also fancy (6)
______________ (hang out) with my friends and (7) ______________ (play) some sports like
badminton and volleyball. Finally, what I like (8) ______________ (do) in my spare time is going on
picnics. I’d love (9) ______________ (go) to the beaches with my family or my friends at weekends. All
in all, these are the activities I prefer (10) ______________ (do) for leisure. What about you?
Bye for now,
Lisa
X. Fill in each blank with a suitable preposition.
1. I’ve been crazy ______________ this role-playing games recently.
2. She thinks puzzles are good ______________ the brain.
3. I enjoyed hanging out ______________ Sarah when we were kids.

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4. Could you help me look ______________ my contact lens?

5. What do you usually do ______________ your leisure time?
6. A lot of kids nowadays have become addicted ______________ surfing the net.
7. My sister loves to do origami ______________ her own in her free time.
8. He spends most of his free time looking ______________ the garden.
9. Today, teenagers rely ______________ technology more than in the past.
10. Surfing the net for too many hours can be harmful ______________ your health.

c. SPEAKING
I. Write questions for the underlined parts.
A: ________________________________________________________________________________?
B: My mother watches Korean dramas every afternoon.
A: ________________________________________________________________________________?
B: They went to the movies yesterday evening.
A: ________________________________________________________________________________?
B: I love hanging out with my best friend Helen.
07 A: ________________________________________________________________________________? 07
B: I don’t give my personal information to websites because it’s easy to be stolen.
A: ________________________________________________________________________________?
B: Yes, I’d like to visit the museum with you.
A: ________________________________________________________________________________?
B: Do-it-yourself (DIY) is the most popular pastime in my country.
A: ________________________________________________________________________________?
B: The art of paper folding originated in China.
A: ________________________________________________________________________________?
B: I felt excited when I took part in Lightning Quiz game show.
II. Put the dialogue into the correct order.
___ What types of books do you like most?
___ Well, reading gives me much pleasure and knowledge. Books are a rich source of information,
you know.
___ Yeah, it’s my favourite pastime.

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_1_ Hello! Where are you going?

___ Comic books, science fiction novels, story books, etc. I also like to draw and paint in my leisure
time.
___ What an enjoyable pastime you have!
___ Hi! I’m going to the bookstore to buy some books.
___ Nice! You’re so talented!
___ The bookstore? You enjoy reading, don’t you?
___ I spend my leisure time gardening. I have planted many different types of flowers, plants, and
trees in my garden.
___ Thanks. What do you enjoy doing in your spare time?
___ I don’t like reading at all. Why do you like reading?

d. READING
I. Fill in each blank with a word from the box.
models by through origami together upstream folding schools
Origami is the Japanese word for paper (1) _______________. ORI means to fold and KAMI
08 means paper. (2) _______________, they form the word, “origami”. It is an art form that has been 08
handed down from parent to child (3) _______________many generations. Origami involves the
creation of paper forms usually entirely (4) _______________folding. Animals, birds, fish, geometric
shapes, puppets, toys and masks are among the (5) _______________that even very young children
can learn to make in just one sitting.
In Japan, at one time origami was taught in (6) _______________but today, children are
generally taught origami at home. Holidays are celebrated with colorful (7) _______________
decorations made by the family. On children’s day (formerly boy’s day), children make colorful carp: a
fish that swims (8) _______________, against the current. This symbolizes strength.
II. Read the text carefully, then do the tasks.
The British spend their free time in different ways. People generally use it to relax, but many
people also do voluntary work, especially for charities.
A lot of free time is spent in the home, where the most popular leisure activity is watching
television, the average viewing time being 25 hours per week. Reading is also a favourite way of
spending leisure time. The British spend a lot of time reading newspapers and magazines. In the

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summer gardening is popular, and in winter it is often replaced by ‘do-it-yourself’, when people spend
time improving or repairing their homes.
Some leisure activities are mostly or entirely social. Inviting friends for a drink or a meal at
home is the most usual one. Sometimes people join friends for a drink in a pub, or have dinner in a
restaurant.
The extra time available at weekends means that some leisure activities, many of them to do
with sport, normally take place only then. Traditional spectator sports include football, cricket, horse
racing, motor racing and motorcycle racing. Popular forms of exercise are swimming, tennis, ice
skating or roller-skating, cycling, climbing, and hill or country walking.
Families often have a ‘day out’ at the weekend, especially in summer, with a visit to a local
event such as a festival, fair or show. Young people especially go to clubs and discos, while people of
all ages go to the theatre, the cinema, art exhibitions and concerts.
A. Decide whether the following sentences are true (T) or false (F).
1. ___ Many British people use their free time to help people in need.
2. ___ In the summer, the British prefer indoor activities.

09 3. ___ All free time activities are individual activities. 09

4. ___ Sometimes people go with their friends to a pub or restaurant.
5. ___ Most British people watch or do sports at the weekend.
6. ___ British young people don’t like going to the movies.
B. Answer the questions.
1. What’s the most popular free time activity in the UK?
___________________________________________________________________________________
2. How many hours a week do the British watch TV?
___________________________________________________________________________________
3. In winter, what do the British often do in their spare time?
___________________________________________________________________________________
4. Which sports do many British people enjoy watching?
___________________________________________________________________________________

e. WRITING
I. Write sentences with the cues given.

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1. Mai/ usually/ listen/ K-pop music/ free time.

 ________________________________________________________________________________
2. when/I/ be/ a child/I/ enjoy/ play/ computer games.
 ________________________________________________________________________________
3. my father/ spend/ most/ spare time/ look after/ the garden.
 ________________________________________________________________________________
4. watching TV/ most/ popular/ leisure activity/ Britain?
 ________________________________________________________________________________
5. many teenagers/ addicted/ the Internet/ computer games.
 ________________________________________________________________________________
6. she/ not be/ interested/ watch/ that drama/ the life of doctors.
 ________________________________________________________________________________
7. most/ my friends/ prefer/ play sports/ to/ surf the net.
 ________________________________________________________________________________
8. Jamie/ be/ keen/ play sport/ and he/ usually spend/ his free time/ play basketball/ his friends.

10  ________________________________________________________________________________ 10
II. Write the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first one.
1. I like doing puzzles alone more than playing basketball with friends.
 I prefer
2. She likes to hang out with friends on Saturday evening.
 She’s interested
3. I like cooking, making crafts, reading, and surfing the net in my free time.
 My leisure activities
4. Could you help me with this box?
 Would you mind
5. DIY skills aren’t as hard to learn as I think.
 DIY skills are
6. Who will take care of the garden while you are away?
 Who will look
7. How about going window-shopping this afternoon?
 Shall

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8. What leisure activity do you like most?

 What’s

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TEST FOR UNIT 1

I. Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others.
1. a. soup b. school c. cartoon d. football
2. a. crazy b. favourite c. fancy d. game
3. a. leisure b. sure c. shopping d. socialise
4. a. knit b. kit c. origami d. prize
5. a. satisfied b. hooked c. bored d. socialised
II. Choose the odd one out.
1. a. socializing b. communicating c. hanging out d. snowboarding
2. a. saving money b. collecting stamps c. making origami d. doing DIY
3. a. fond b. keen c. relax d. crazy
4. a. fancy b. love c. detest d. enjoy
5. a. magazine b. mobile game c. newspaper d. book
6. a. interested b. crazy c. keen d. surprised
III. Underline the correct answer.
12 1. How much time a day do you spend surfing / doing the Web? 12
2. One of Jesse’s favourite free / leisure activities is swimming.
3. Playing sports helps you stay in shape / touch.
4. Most teenagers prefer messaging / visiting their friends to seeing them in person.
5. She enjoys making friends / crafts. She has a collection of handmade items.
6. They love reading comics / fairy tales such as Doraemon and Naruto.
7. Would you mind / like closing the window? It’s cold.
8. My son’s crazy / addicted to computer games - he hardly ever comes out of his room.
IV. Choose the best answer a, b, c or d to complete the sentence.
1. How much time do you spend ________ leisure acivities?
a. on b. in c. for d. with
2. Why don’t you buy your sister a DIY kit? She seems fond ________ it.
a. on b. in c. at d. of
3. Many young people don’t ________ walking to school or playing active games.
a. prefer b. enjoy c. suggest d. want
4. Daisy isn’t ________ social media. She doesn’t even have a Facebook account.

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a. tired of b. bored with c. interested in d. angry at

5. My brother always looks for easy recipes ________ he isn’t very good at cooking.
a. because b. although c. when d. as long as
6. On YouTube you can find many videos on ________ all aspects of your English.
a. surfing b. working c. taking d. improving
7. This origami crane looks nice. ________ taught you to make it?
a. Which b. Who c. What d. Whose
8. My sister is into ________. She goes to famous ski resorts every winter.
a. knitting b. cooking c. snowboarding d. exercising
9. Practising yoga helps improve muscle strength and ________ stress.
a. increase b. reduce c. create d. delete
10. ‘My favourite leisure activity is people watching.’ - ‘________’
a. That sounds so weird! b. That’s all right.
c. OK. That’s what you’ve chosen. d. Sure. It’s very entertaining.
V. Choose the underlined part, A, B, c or D that needs correcting.

13 1. Having leisure activities are truly important to the elderly. 13

A. Having B. are C. to D. elderly
2. Although she wanted to go to the museum, she decided staying at home.
A. Although B. wanted to go C. decided D. staying
3. Parents are concerned that their kids may be spending too many time on screens.
A. concerned B. spending C. too many D. on screens
4. Collecting coins is exciting, but it can also be relaxed.
A. Collecting B. is C. exciting D. relaxed
5. Cloud watch sounds weird, but Hang adores it.
A. Cloud watch B. sounds C. but D. it
6. For some young people, enjoyment involves sitting in front a computer playing games.
A. For some B. involves sitting C. in front D. playing games
7. He has to visit that bakery every Sunday, he’s crazy of its garlic bread.
A. visit B. every Sunday C. of D. its
8. Christina is not fond of doing crosswords because she is a very patient person.
A. of B. doing C. because D. patient

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VI. Write the correct form or tense of the verbs in brackets.

1. At present, the social networks ____________________ (become) more popular among young
generation.
2. What leisure activities ____________________ (Sue/ usually/ do) with her friends?
3. When I was a student, I ____________________ (not like) doing homework.
4. Mark Zuckerberg and Eduardo Saverin ____________________ (found) Facebook in 2004.
5. The American ____________________ (spend) 34 hours a week watching television.
6. Look! This young girl ____________________ (fold) a lot of origami cranes.
7. I’ve just bought a new video game. I ____________________ (play) it tonight.
8. I wasn’t too keen on ____________________ (play) tennis two years ago.
9. What sports would you like ____________________ (try) in the future?
10. Many teenagers prefer ____________________ (watch) TV to ____________________ (read)
books.
VII. Supply the correct form of the words in brackets.
1. The Internet is very ____________________; it takes up a lot of our time. (addict)

14 2. I enjoy ____________________ with friends and going out at the weekend. (social) 14
3. There’s a ____________________ between some online games and violent behaviours.(connect)
4. Are you ____________________ in the new Gears Of War games? (interest)
5. She listens to classical music for ____________________. (relax)
6. I’m really into watching films, ____________________ science fiction. (especial)
7. Exercises will help you increase muscle ____________________. (strong)
8. Face to face ____________________ is better than video calls. (communicate)
VIII. Match the questions to the answers.
1. What do you enjoy doing in your spare time? a. I don’t know ... doing sport or playing a musical
instrument.
2. How much time do you have each week for b. I want to improve my speaking skill.
socialising with friends?
3. What do you think is the best leisure activity c. I prefer to spend my free time with my family
for teens? and friends.
4. Why do you join English club? d. I’m not sure. I might watch a video at home.
5. Do you prefer to spend your free time alone e. For relaxation, I prefer listening to soft music.

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or with other people?

6. What do you do to relax yourself? f. Every day to get Facebook updates from friends
and family.
7. How often do you use social media? g. About five hours or fewer.
8. Do you have any plans for next weekend? h. I love reading and spend as much time as I can
doing that.
IX. Choose the word or phrase which best fits each gap.
My favourite (1) _____________ now is to learn new TikTok dance and trends. You might be
cringy right now but trust me it is super addictive. To be very fair, when I first downloaded TikTok, I
had no idea (2) _____________ to use that app, or sometimes I would wonder to myself “how did
he/she learn the dance move?” Then came that day when I actually tried one of the dance moves, and
I never stopped from (3) _____________ on. I think it is partly because on TikTok it is easier for
people to “notice” you in a way. When I first posted my video, I did not check it (4) _____________
the next few days and when I did I was in shock because I had 3k views but only 10 followers. That
was what kept me (5) _____________ to post more and more every day. I also do it because I feel like

15 it is really fun and it (6) _____________ me happy whenever I do, it feels like I am just running away 15
(7) _____________ my stress for a moment. Till today, one of the most viewed TikTok videos that I
posted has 85k views and it low-key makes me feel (8) _____________. TikTok has really occupied my
free time these past few months.
1. a. action b. hobby c. leisure d. skill
2. a. how b. when c. what d. who
3. a. now b. time c. that d. then
4. a. on b. in c. until d. during
5. a. motivated b. crazy c. amused d. exciting
6. a. seems b. brings c. finds d. makes
7. a. for b. from c. with d. off
8. a. pride b. prided c. proud d. proudly
X. Read the passage carefully, then choose the correct answers.
The latest addiction to trap thousands of people is the Internet, which has been blamed for
broken relationships, job losses, financial ruin, and even suicide. Psychologists now recognize Internet
Addiction Syndrome (IAS) as a new illness that could cause serious problems and ruin many lives. IAS

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is similar to other problems like gambling, smoking and drinking: addicts have dreams about the
Internet; they need to use it first thing in the morning; they lie to their parents and partners about
how much time they spent online; they wish they could cut down, but are unable to do so. A recent
study found that many users spend up to 40 hours a week on the Internet.
Almost anyone can be at risk. Some of the addicts are teenagers who are already hooked on
computer games and who find it very difficult to resist the games on the Internet. Surprisingly,
however, psychologists say that most victims are middle-aged housewives who have never used a
computer before.
1. The passage mainly talks about _____________.
a. the advantage of the Internet b. the Internet addiction
c. the impact of the Internet on teens d. the Internet revolution
2. According to the writer, internet addiction _____________.
a. is not the same as gambling b. is most common among young people
c. can lead to financial problems d. causes no harm to life
3. Internet addicts find it impossible _____________.

16 a. to surf the Internet in the morning 16

b. to lie about the time they use the Internet
c. to be hooked on the Internet
d. to cut down on their time spent online
4. The idiom ‘at risk’ in paragraph 2 means _____________.
a. in danger b. in advance c. in common d. for certain
5. Which of the followings is NOT true?
a. IAS is recognised as a new illness.
b. Internet addiction can cause suicide behaviours.
c. Many internet addicts spend more than 40 hours a week online.
d. Teenagers who are hooked on computer games can suffer from IAS.
XI. Write a short paragraph about your favourite leisure activity.
* What do you enjoy doing in your leisure time?
* What is your favourite leisure activity?
* Why do you enjoy doing it?
* How did you start doing it at first?

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* How often do you practise it?

* Who do you often practise it with?
* Do your Mum/ Dad/ friend(s) also like it?
* What free-time activities would you like to try in the future?

17 17

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UNIT 2.
LIFE IN THE COUNTRYSIDE
A. PHONETICS
I. Say the words aloud, then circle the correct sound.
1. province /ə/ - /ɪ/ 2. activity /ə/ - /ɪ/
3. separate /ə/ - /ɪ/ 4. harvest /ə/ - /ɪ/
5. cottage /ə/ - /ɪ/ 6. hospitable /ə/ - /ɪ/
7. traditional /ə/ - /ɪ/ 8. village /ə/ - /ɪ/
9. holiday /ə/ - /ɪ/ 10. children /ə/ - /ɪ/
11. busy /ə/ - /ɪ/ 12. picturesque /ə/ - /ɪ/
II. Put the underlined words into the correct columns.
1. There aren’t many houses with gardens in big cities.

18 2. My grandmother likes collecting recipes for desserts from around the world. 18
3. The explorers are looking for an oasis among this vast desert.
4. The pagoda is situated on the top of the mountain.
5. We mainly cultivate some fresh vegetables for our daily meals.
6. This historical town is famous for its many canals.
7. The security guard observed every visitor and pointed out the thief.
8. The children were excited to go on a field trip to an ancient castle.
/ə/ /ɪ/

B. VOCABULARY and GRAMMAR

I. Match the word or phrase with its definition.

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1. combine harvester chickens, ducks and geese that are kept for meat or eggs
2. harvest time a long passage dug into the ground and filled with water made for boats to
travel along, or to bring water to a place
3. paddy field a large machine that cuts the crop and separates the grains
4. cattle a plant that is grown in large quantities, especially as food
5. canal cows and bulls that are kept as farm animals
6. poultry a type of food or product that a place is famous for
7. crop a flooded field where rice is grown
8. speciality the time of year when crops are cut and collected from the fields
9. orchard The natural features of an area, such as mountains, valleys, rivers and forests
10. scenery an area of land where people grow fruit treeS
II. Complete the sentences with the words in port I. Use the plural form if necessary.
1. Rice is the most important __________________ in Mekong Delta.
2. We visited Venice last year, and had a boat ride on the Grand __________________.
3. The __________________ makes harvesting easy and saves a lot of time and effort.
4. My grandfather is raising some __________________ in his garden to collect eggs.
19 19
5. Farmers plant rice on their __________________ in the village.
6. Visitors to Nha Trang can enjoy various famous __________________, such as rice pancakes, grilled
pork rolls, grilled fish noodles, etc.
7. A boy was driving the herd of __________________ to the pasture.
8. It is __________________, and all the farmers are very busy.
9. Let’s walk along the river and enjoy the beautiful __________________.
10. We picked baskets of pears from the pear __________________.
III. Complete the sentences with the adjectives from the box.
enjoyable peaceful hospitable quiet inconvenient
fresh traditional exciting vast well-trained picturesque
1. I think life in the city is more __________________ than life in the countryside.
2. It was very __________________ there; you could just hear the wind moving in the trees.
3. I love the __________________ open spaces and the __________________ air in the countryside.
4. The villagers often find it __________________ to get into town due to the lack of public transport.
5. Most of the people I met in the town were very kind and __________________.

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6. They lived in a wine-growing village in a(n) __________________ landscape of small hills.

7. Mai and her friends had a(n) __________________ day out in the countryside.
8. The most popular __________________ games in Vietnam are Dragon and Snake, Cat and Mouse,
Hide and Seek.
9. The school employed __________________ teachers to cultivate the talents.
10. Life in the countryside is more __________________ and healthier.
IV. Choose the correct word to complete the sentence.
1. After harvesting, drying __________________ is the most crucial step. (plant / rice)
2. In this summer camp, kids can learn how to __________________ fish. (catch / pick)
3. The children are helping __________________ bags of rice from the truck, (load / unload)
4. My parents raise about 50 pigs and they have to __________________ them every day. (feed /
collect)
5. Do farmers use advanced technology to __________________ the paddy fields? (dry / plough)
6. Did you __________________ the buffaloes during your vacation in the countryside? (herd / move)
7. __________________ the cow also requires technique and tenderness. (Watching / Milking)

20 8. The best part of our trip to Da Lat was __________________ the strawberries, (picking / cutting) 20
9. The villagers mainly __________________ rice and raise cattle. (cultivate / harvest)
10. __________________ is the process of gathering a ripe crop from the fields. (Cultivating /
Harvesting)
V. Underline the correct form of the word.
1. We’ve all been working very hard / hardly and now we’re tired.
2. Our school Internet connection is really slow / slowly.
3. What’s the matter with him? He looks angry / angrily.
4. The children are playing quiet / quietly in the garden.
5. Rural areas are common / commonly known as the countryside or villages.
6. Everyone is stuck inside because it is raining very heavy / heavily outside.
7. I enjoy the fresh air and the bright / brightly sunshine at the beach.
8. We all find living in the city very stressful / stressfully.
9. Don’t talk so fast / fastly - I can’t understand what you’re saying.
10. John was a kindly and generous / generously man.
VI. Complete the dialogue with the compararive form of the adjectives in brackets.

20
 21

David: How do you like living in the big city?

Maria: There are many things that are (1) __________________ (good) than living in the country!
David: Can you give me some examples?
Maria: Well, it certainly is (2) __________________ (interesting) than the country. There is so much
more to do and see!
David: Yes, but the city is (3) __________________ (dangerous) than the country.
Maria: That’s true. People in the countryside are (4) __________________ (friendly) than those in the
city.
David: I’m sure that the country is (5) __________________ (relaxed), too!
Maria: Yes, the city is (6) __________________ (busy) than the country. However, the country is
much (7) __________________ (slow) than the city.
David: I think that’s a good thing!
Maria: The country is so slow and boring! It’s much (8) __________________ (boring) than the city.
David: Life in the country is a lot (9) __________________ (healthy) than in the city, I think.
Maria: Sure, it’s (10) __________________ (clean) too. But, the city is so much (11)

21 __________________ (exciting). 21
VII. Complete the sentences with the comparative form of adverbs in the box. Add ‘than’ where
necessary.
carefully hard quietly slowly healthily well badly clearly far fast
1. The teacher spoke __________________ to help us to understand.
2. She answered all the questions __________________ the other students and she got a very good
mark.
3. The Spanish athlete ran __________________ the other runners, so he won the race.
4. There aren’t many birds here, let’s go __________________ into the forest.
5. This street is crowded and narrow. Couldn’t you drive a bit __________________?
6. These days we are eating __________________ ever before.
7. I did __________________ on the test than Mark did. He got an A+ and I just got an A.
8. The teacher can’t read your handwriting. You have to write __________________.
9. Does more money make you work __________________?
10. You’re talking so loudly. Could you speak a bit __________________, please?
VIII. Underline the correct words or phrases.

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 22

1. Cattle usually cross over the road. You should drive more careful / more carefully.
2. Life in some parts of the country is boring / more boring than that in other parts.
3. The old usually get up earlier / more early than the young.
4. An ox doesn’t plough weller / better than a buffalo.
5. These 7 thinking habits will help you become more confident / more confidently.
6. Don’t worry. The river is not as deep / deeper as it looks.
7. After a hard working day, you may sleep soundlier / more soundly than usual.
8. My father has been much healthier / more healthy since he stopped smoking.
9. The air in the mountainous zones is more fresh / fresher than that in the cities.
10. I can’t understand. Would you ask him to speak clearlier / more clearly?
IX. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in brackets.
1. Some people think that health is __________________ than money. (important)
2. The pollution in our city is much __________________ than it used to be. (bad)
3. My new teacher explained the lessons __________________ than my old teacher. (clear)
4. He doesn’t play volleyball as __________________ as his brother. (good)

22 5. Get rid of the sorrow! You will do it __________________ next time. (good) 22
6. Communication is a lot __________________ than it was 50 years ago. (easy)
7. People in rural areas wear __________________ than those in cities. (simple)
8. Robert arrived at the meeting __________________ than Francis. (late)
9. These trousers are too wide. Do you have any that are __________________? (narrow)
10. My mother always gets up __________________ than everybody else in the house. (early)
11. Rene speaks __________________ than the other ESL students in the class. (fluent)
12. Can’t you think of anything __________________ to say? (intelligent)
13. I think his new book is much __________________ than his last one. (boring)
14. Max finished the homework __________________ than anyone else in the class. (fast)
15. He doesn’t look as __________________ as he used to. (happy)
X. Fill in each blank with an appropriate preposition.
1. The farmers loaded the rice straw _______ a big truck.
2. The villagers were harvesting rice _______ a combine harvester.
3. He joined the boys _______ herding the buffaloes.
4. Would you like to visit the countryside _______ harvest time?

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 23

5. Visitors can reach the village _______ air or ferry.

6. The village is full _______ fascinating sights, such as traditional houses, museums, etc.
7. How was you trip to the beach? You look great _______ a tan.
8. That machine is used to separate the grains _______ the rest of the plant.
9. My father used to live _______ a farm when he was younger.
10. Last summer holiday I went _______ a trip _______ the countryside.

c. SPEAKING
I. Match the questions with the answers.
1. What is your hometown, Michele? a. I usually played outside with my friends. Sometimes we
went into the city to go shopping or see a movie.
2. How big is the town? b. Actually I find it exciting to live in the city, but it’s so
crowded and the people aren’t friendly.
3. What is the town’s population? c. It’s pretty small, just about 1.86 sq mi.
4. Did you like your hometown? d. Ten years ago.
5. What did you usually do for fun? e. I lived in a small town called Beaverton.
23 6. How often did you go to the city? f. About three thousand people I think. 23
7. When did you move to the city? g. When I was little I liked it, but when I got older I found it
pretty boring being in such a small town.
8. Do you prefer city or country life? h. Twice or three times a month.
II. Complete the conversation with the sentences from the box.
Sounds great! I wish I could join...
Hi Thong. It's Tony. How is your stay there?
Two hours? Wow! It must be fun.
I'm so envious of you! I wish I could try that too.
But where can you fly kites?
Really? What did you do yesterday?
You have a lot of new friends there, don't you?
Wow! Who did you go swimming with?
Thang: Thang speaking.
Tony: (1) __________________________________________________________________________

23
 24

Thang: Hi Tony! It’s very exciting here. I’m having a wonderful time.
Tony: (2) __________________________________________________________________________
Thang: Lots of interesting things. Yesterday we went swimming in a river.
Tony: (3) __________________________________________________________________________
Thang: My cousins and their friends. We played and swam for 2 hours.
Tony: (4) __________________________________________________________________________
Thang: Yeah. And today I’m going to herd the buffaloes with them.
Tony: (5) __________________________________________________________________________
Thang: Tomorrow afternoon we’re going to fly kites together. It’s even more exciting, I think.
Tony: Sure. (6) _____________________________________________________________________
Thang: Yes. I made friends with many local boys. They’re very friendly.
Tony: (7) __________________________________________________________________________
Thang: There are lots of open fields nearby. They’re great places to fly a kite.
Tony: (8) __________________________________________________________________________
Thang: Well, I wish you were here Tony.

24 d. READING 24
I. Fill in each blank with a word from the box.
outdoor around peaceful conclusion boring isolated possible polluted
Nowadays, some people choose to live and work in the countryside. New ways of working,
such as online working, have made it (1) ________________ for more people to live there. There are
both advantages and disadvantages to living in the countryside.
On the one hand, life in the countryside is very (2) ________________. There are less cars and
that means that there is less noise, and that it is less (3) ________________. Furthermore, there is
more land available in the countryside, and people can often live in bigger houses or flats than in
cities. Finally, it is easier to do a lot of (4) ________________ activities such as walking or cycling if
you live in the countryside. On the other hand, life in the countryside can be (5) ________________.
There are fewer restaurants, cinemas and shops to go to. Moreover, there is little public transport,
which makes it difficult to get (6) ________________ if you don’t have a car. Finally, you can feel (7)
________________ if you live a long way from other people.

24
 25

In (8) ________________, there are both pros and cons to living in the countryside. However,
in my opinion, the peacefulness of the countryside makes it a very attractive option.
II. Read the text carefully, then answer the questions.
Many people enjoy living in a big city because they think life is more exciting there. However, I
come from a small village and in my view, there are lots of benefits. The main reason I prefer village
life is because it’s very quiet, so I always feel calm when I’m here. Another reason is that the air is so
fresh and clean. We have more green spaces and bigger gardens, too. In addition, I think the people
here are friendlier. Personally, I’m interested in wildlife photography, so the countryside is perfect for
me.
The only downside is transport. I have an early start for a long journey to school in Faro and
the school bus is always stopping to pick up more people. Also, it’s boring sometimes, but I enjoy
chatting to my friends. Fortunately, I’m learning to ride a moped. On balance, I disagree that city life is
better, as I think my village lifestyle is healthier and more relaxing. In spite of that, some of my friends
couldn’t cope with life in the country, so it comes down to personal opinion.
1. Where does the writer come from?

25 ___________________________________________________________________________________ 25
2. Does he like living in a big city?
___________________________________________________________________________________
3. Why does he prefer village life?
___________________________________________________________________________________
4. How does he think about the people in his village?
___________________________________________________________________________________
5. What is he interested in?
___________________________________________________________________________________
6. According to the writer, what is the disadvantage of living in the village?
___________________________________________________________________________________
7. How does he go to school?
___________________________________________________________________________________
8. Does he think city life is better than village life?
___________________________________________________________________________________

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 26

e. WRITING
I. Reorder the words to make sentences.
1. say that/ Some people/ it’s/ children/ in the city/ for/ to grow up/ better/ than in the countryside
___________________________________________________________________________________
2. the atmosphere/ more/ Is/ in the countryside/ peaceful/ much/ than in the city?
___________________________________________________________________________________
3. because/ the air/ People/ living/ clean and fresh/ the villages/ enjoy/ is/ in
___________________________________________________________________________________
4. We/ onto / load/ helped/ two big trucks/ the farmers/ the rice
___________________________________________________________________________________
5. the countryside/ less modern/ in/ Life/ today/ ten years/ than/ ago/ it/ was/ is
___________________________________________________________________________________
6. In the countryside/ children/ in the city/ play/ freely/ than/ more
___________________________________________________________________________________
7. the village/ windmills and houses/ come to/ its/ Many visitors/ because of/ historic
26 ___________________________________________________________________________________ 26
8. their parents/ pick/ The children/ herd/ fruit/ sometimes/ and/ help/ cattle
___________________________________________________________________________________
II. Write a comparative sentence using the information and the word in brackets.
1. The average rainfall in Arica, Chile is 0.76mm per year. The average rainfall in the Libyan Sahara
Desert is less than 15mm per year. (dry)
 Arica, Chile
2. Henry arrived at the meeting at 7 o’clock. I arrived at 6.45. (soon)
I
3. It costs 100 million dong to build a concrete bridge, but only 50 million dong to build a steel bridge.
(expensive)
 Building a concrete bridge
4. It takes Linh 45 minutes to load hay onto the cart, but his father needs only 30 minutes. (slowly)
 Linh
5. His house yard is about 100 square meters while your house yard is about 50 square meters. (large)

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 His house yard

6. A horse can run 80km/h while a dog can run 50km/h. (fast)
 A horse
7. I do yoga three times a week, but my sister does it almost every day. (frequently)
 My sister
8. The Australian athlete jumped 8.78m. The American athlete jumped 8.59m. (far)
 The Australian athlete
9. Red River is 1.149 km long. Mekong River is 4.350km long. (long)
 Mekong River
10. It was very difficult to travel to the town 5 years ago. Now people can drive a car or take a bus to
the town. (easily)
 People can travel

27 27

27
 28

TEST FOR UNIT 2

I. Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others.
1. a. ride b. excite c. ridden d. kite
2. a. harvest b. vast c. brave d. farm
3. a. cattle b. city c. country d. collect
4. a. generous b. great c. grassland d. guess
5. a. worked b. watched c. relaxed d. crowded
II. Complete the passage with the comparative form of the adjectives in brackets.
Is life better now than it was in the past? Of course in many ways life is (1) ________________
(easy) now. We live in the world which is (2) ________________ (clean) and safer. It is generally (3)
________________ (healthy) as well, and because of improvements in medical care, both men and
women can expect to live (4) ________________ (long) lives. Our day-to-day existence is (5)
________________ (comfortable), but are we (6) ________________ (happy)?
The rhythm of life is faster, and (7) ________________ (stressful). People are always in a
hurry. In the end it is hard to say things were (8) ________________ (good) or (9) ________________
28 (bad) than before. As the saying goes ‘the grass is always (10) ________________ (green) on the 28
other side of the fence’.
III. Choose the best answer a, b, c or d to complete the sentence.
1. The villagers were all tired after a long hard-working day ___________ the farm.
a. of b. with c. for d. on
2. ___________ did the Mitchells spend their summer holiday, Paris or Rome?
a. What b. Where c. Which d. When
3. I think country life is so boring and ___________ because you’re not close to shops and services.
a. unhealthy b. inconvenient c. comfortable d. peaceful
4. On the farm, uncle Duong showed us how to ___________ cucumbers.
a. plough b. produce c. pick d. put up
5. People come to this region to see the beautiful fields ___________ long distances.
a. stretching b. to stretch c. stretched d. being stretched
6. On the side of the road, a herd boy was herding ___________.
a. kites b. hay c. cattle d. blackberries

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 29

7. The combine harvester helps farmers complete work ___________ usual.

a. faster than b. faster c. more fast than d. fast
8. Does your new stereo play music ___________ than your old one did?
a. more loud b. more loudly c. loudlier d. more louder
9. ___________ sightseeing, visitors can also go kayaking when visiting Ha Long Bay.
a. Therefore b. However c. Besides d. Although
10. ‘Children in my village often fly their kites in dry rice fields? - ‘___________’
a. They look great! b. I’m glad you like it.
c. Exactly what I want. d. How interesting!
IV. Choose the underlined word or phrase, A, B, C or D that needs correcting.
1. Farzana did poor on her algebra quiz because she couldn’t concentrate well.
A. did B. poor C. because D. well
2. The test was more difficult than I expected. I could finish it at least 20 minutes early.
A. more B. than I expected C. could D. at least
3. Although the island has no clean water and electric, it attracts lots of tourists.

29 A. Although B. no C. electric D. tourists 29

4. The bees can easy sting anyone coming close to their beehives.
A. easy B. anyone C. close to D. beehives
5. I love farm work, such as digging holes, sowing seeds and I pick fruit.
A. farm work B. digging holes C. sowing seeds D. pick fruit
6. She is boring with the silent surroundings because she used to live in a big city.
A. boring with B. surroundings C. used D. live
7. Life in the countryside is much peaceful and the life is also slower.
A. Life B. much C. the life D. slower
8. Children in this village learn herding cattle when they are very small.
A. Children B. herding C. when D. small
V. Write the correct form or tense of the verbs in brackets.
1. We __________________ (play) football this afternoon. Do you want to play too?
2. Could you meet me at the airport tomorrow? My flight __________________ (arrive) at six.
3. Last summer, my friends and I __________________ (spend) our holiday on a farm.
4. __________________ (Nick/ ride) a buffalo drawn cart when he visited your home town?

29
 30

5. The cattle __________________ (graze) on the green pastures right now.

6. Some farmers __________________ (work) in the rice field when I walked there.
7. My family __________________ (live) in a small town for ten years before moving to Boston.
8. Country life __________________ (not excite) me at all. It’s so boring.
9. Nick would like __________________ (visit) the countryside at harvest time.
10. I don’t mind ______________ (drive) for 1.5 hours on the weekend to get out to the countryside.
VI. Write the correct form of the word in brackets.
1. People seem to have lost their __________________ in boating on small rivers. (enjoy)
2. More and more __________________ are leaving the countryside to city. (farm)
3. A town has a __________________ population than a village does. (large)
4. Sylvia likes the __________________ atmosphere during her stay in the valley. (peace)
5. Are the houses in your home town __________________ by green trees? (surround)
6. Visually the house is very pleasing, but it’s __________________. (comfort)
7. It is true that the city can provide much __________________. (convenient)
8. Agricultural work is __________________ seen as a male occupation. (tradition)

30 9. London is very __________________, especially in summer. (crowd) 30

10. Rice __________________ is well-suited to countries with high rainfall. (cultivate)
VII. Match the questions with the answers.
1. Which is better, city life or rural life? a. Yes, there are some.
2. From whom did you learn to make kites? b. At harvest time.
3. Where can you fly a kite in your village? c. My father.
4. Why do you store the hay? d. Its peacefulness.
5. Do you think country people are friendlier? e. Both have pros and cons.
6. When would you like to visit the countryside? f. To feed our cattle.
7. Are there any street markets in your home town? g. In dry paddy fields.
8. What do you love most about the countryside? h. Yes. They’re also happier.
VIII. Choose the word which best fits each gap.
Although the city seems to have a lot of great things, the country can offer as (1) ___________
satisfaction as well. The country is a marvelous place to live in. It offers a very relaxing feeling, and it is
filled (2) ___________ magnificent views and scenery. Rural towns offer more open space than cities
and aren’t overcrowded. The country can also maybe help you become a more independent and (3)

30
 31

___________ person. You can buy a small piece of land, plough it and put some (4) ___________ in
order to grow your own vegetables. This way you (5) ___________ your own crops, and eat and live in
a very healthy way. (6) ___________, being in the countryside makes you more of an outdoor person
who often enjoy the voices and wild places of nature. Not everyone is (7) ___________ to the city life
and not everyone has the desire to live permanently in the countryside. It is a matter of perspective
and personal point of (8) ___________.
1. a. most b. more c. much d. many
2. a. in b. out c. up d. with
3. a. active b. idle c. passive d. quiet
4. a. weeds b. seeds c. breeds d. branches
5. a. collect b. damage c. complete d. rotate
6. a. By contrast b. However c. Therefore d. In addition
7. a. interested b. bored c. suited d. excited
8. a. care b. view c. contact d. way
IX. Read the text carefully, then choose the correct answers.
My name is Jane and I live in a small town called Snow Owl. It took its name from the fact that
31 31
there are a lot of snow owls on the mountain and forest.
Snow Owl is located on the northern part of the country, established on the base of Sky
Mountain and surrounded by the Dark Forest. Even though the name sounds scary, it is actually very
beautiful and nice. A wonderful river comes down from the mountain and passes through the town,
splitting it into two. If you ever visit my hometown, beware of the wolves; especially if you are in the
part that is near the mountain.
People are really kind and care about each other. We always try to find ways to help each
other. However, on the downside everybody knows everything about everybody and if you want to
hide, it is extremely difficult.
The town itself doesn’t have a lot of sights to visit. A big historic library from the 1800’s, still
functional, is standing in the middle of the village, next to the Town Hall. There are also two bridges
that connect the town. The one on the south is the oldest and most beautiful. I sometimes go and sit
by the river just to admire it. For entertainment we have the old theatre, some coffee shops and
restaurants. Younger people prefer to visit neighboring towns and cities since it gives them more
choices of entertainment.

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My hometown is one of the greatest in the world and I wouldn’t trade it for anything.
(https://www. englishwithgeorge.com/myhometown)

1. The town is called Snow Owl because ___________.

a. it is covered in snow for most of the year
b. there are a lot of owls living on the mountain
c. it is surrounded by snowy mountains
d. many snow owls can be found in the town
2. Snow Owl is ___________ Sky Mountain and surrounded by the Dark Forest.
a. on b. between c. next to d. under
3. Jane describes people of the town as ___________.
a. kind and helpful b. nice and hospitable
c. friendly and careful d. generous and kind
4. What is one of the disadvantages living in Snow Owl?
a. That everyone comes together when the community needs help.
b. That everybody knows each other, so it is hard to find a place to hide.
c. That everyone is very supportive and it is easy to build relationships.
32 32
d. That everybody knows everybody and it is no easy to have privacy.
5. What is the oldest sight the town has?
a. The Town Hall b. The two bridges c. The library d. The village
6. Which of the followings is NOT true?
a. A river comes from the mountain and divides the town into two.
b. There are dangerous animals near the town.
c. Young people like the entertainment the town provides.
d. Jane thinks that her hometown is the greatest place to live in the world.
X. Write the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first one. Use the words in
brackets.
1. This supermarket isn’t as expensive as the one across the street. (less)
___________________________________________________________________________________
2. The listening test isn’t as easy as the reading test. (much)
___________________________________________________________________________________
3. My doctor advised me not to eat in front of the television. (said)

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___________________________________________________________________________________
4. You won’t pass the exam unless you study harder. (if)
___________________________________________________________________________________
5. Hanoi urban districts are noisier than its suburban areas. (as)
___________________________________________________________________________________
6. Why don’t we go to uncle Huan’s farm this weekend? (going)
___________________________________________________________________________________
7. Sarah found it difficult to learn to read in Japanese. (difficulty)
___________________________________________________________________________________
8. The book was so complicated that we couldn’t understand it. (too)
___________________________________________________________________________________
9. Sandy now doesn’t study so diligently as she did in the past. (more)
___________________________________________________________________________________
10. He has no interest in living and working in the countryside. (interested)
___________________________________________________________________________________

33 33

33
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UNIT 3.
TEENAGERS
A. PHONETICS
I. Put the words into the correct columns.
poor noisy joy security
destroy annoy curious hour
during coin pure toy
tourist furious enjoyable point
/ʊə/ /ɔɪ/

34 II. Underline the bold words with /ʊə/, and circle the bold words with /ɔɪ/. 34
1. The boys are talking excitedly about the tennis tournament.
2. Did all the visitors choose to join the museum tour?
3. The environmenal club always tries to avoid using too much power.
4. I couldn’t hear the singer’s voice because people kept yelling during the concert.
5. Jonathan isn’t very mature, and he can be really annoying sometimes.
6. Do you find arranging flowers boring or enjoyable?
7. Are you sure that you have made the right choice?
8. They ensured that they would arrive on time for the appointment.

B. VOCABULARY and GRAMMAR

I. Match the word or phrase with Its definition.
1. forum a. an automated message sent by an app to inform the user of a new message,
update, etc.
2. pressure b. an activity that involves making things skillfully with your hands.
3. craft c. websites and computer programs that allow people to communicate and share

34
 35

information on the Internet

4. expectation d. an arrangement in which a person uses the Internet, email services, social
media, etc. of a particular company
5. notification e. the use of strength or power to frighten or hurt weaker people
6. account f. work that students have to do at school or for school
7. schoolwork g. feelings of worry caused by the problems in somebody’s life.
8. bullying h. a short piece of writing on a particular subject
9. essay i. a strong belief about the proper way someone should behave or something
should happen
10. social media j. a website or web page where users can post comments and have discussions
II. Complete the sentences with the words in part I. Use the plural form if necessary.
1. High __________________ from parents can put kids under pressure.
2. Instead of using paper and pen students now have their own laptops to do their ____________ on.
3. Why don’t we create a(n) __________________ on Facebook to share our ideas and opinions?
4. __________________ in school is the most common type of violence among students.
5. You will get a(n) __________________ when someone likes or comments on your post.
35 35
6. Students can feel __________________ from their parents to achieve higher grades and academic
success.
7. __________________ such as Facebook, Instagram or Twitter is a way for teenagers to stay in
touch with their friends.
8. You can create two or more Instagram __________________ with the same email address.
9. Here are some of my __________________ about historical figures for my history club.
10. The students practised various traditional __________________, such as carving toys out of wood.
III. Put the words in the box in the correct rows.
a computer, mailbox, teachers, the Internet, music, a video, voicemail,
notification, friends, Google Drive, a forum, a picture, Twitter account,
call history, a file, classmates, a penfriend, messages, a document,
a game server, a website, an online newspaper, a relative,
a student account, a magazine
* upload:
* browse:

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 36

* check:
* log on to:
* connect with:
IV. Choose the best answer a, b, c or d to complete the sentence.
1. A __________ website makes it easy for visitors to find the information they need.
a. social b. popular c. large d. user-friendly
2. Exams can come with a lot of pressure and make us feel really __________.
a. stressed b. relaxed c. excited d. interested
3. Carol, choose a school club that __________ your personality and interest!
a. goes b. pleases c. suits d. accepts
4. Is YouTube the most popular social __________ among teens?
a. website b. media c. forum d. log
5. Thomas is always teasing and scaring other classmates. He is such a __________.
a. bully b. coach c. student d. leader
6. You need to create a Facebook __________ in order to post a comment.

36 a. page b. website c. account d. group 36

7. She should do well in her studies this year - she’s very __________.
a. practical b. enjoyable c. focused d. suitable
8. Angle mainly uses her TikTok to __________ her workout and dancing videos.
a. browse b. upload c. check d. log on
9. I got the scholarship to study in the U.K. - __________ Congratulation.
a. Awful! b. Surprised! c. Confused! d. Awesome!
10. ‘Could you please tell me more about the chess club?’ - ‘__________’
a. It’s awesome. b. I’m glad you like it.
c. How interesting! d. Certainly.
V. Tick (√) the simple sentences.
1. ___ Teenagers can express their opinions in a class forum.
2. ___ Matt is a friendly person, and he is an enthusiastic student.
3. ___ She is good at maths; however, she gets poor marks in biology.
4. ___ You can upload your photos and videos on Facebook.
5. ___ This teacher is very tolerant of ill-mannered students.

36
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6. ___ Parents shouldn’t put too much pressure on teens, or they may get stressed.
7. ___ Cheating on exams is not a right thing to do.
8. ___ Exams are coming; therefore, the school has stopped all club activities.
9. ___ My best friend likes showing off his new DIY products.
10. ___ Anna is shy, but she tries to participate in many club activities.
VI. Write s for simple sentences and c for compound sentences.
1. Kathy turned off her phone, for she wanted to concentrate on studying. ______
2. My brother failed three subjects this semester. ______
3. The language club is on Saturday and Sunday morning. ______
4. He is very good at sports, so he feels confident of winning the marathon. ______
5. You must study harder; otherwise, you can’t graduate. ______
6. My mum is going to send me to a swimming club next weekend. ______
7. It is a user-friendly site, but it doesn’t have much content. ______
8. We don’t have enough time to get some snacks before class. ______
9. Instagram is a popular social media app among teenagers. ______

37 10. There are many violent videos on this website; moreover, it may contain viruses. ______ 37
VII. Underline the correct answer.
1. Teens face lots of pressure at school, but / so / and they also have to meet their parents’
expectations.
2. Some video games help US relax, so / but / and we can become addicted.
3. You can study by yourself at the library, or /for / and you can join our Study group.
4. Aiden deactivated his Facebook account, and/for / but he found it very distracting.
5. Our class wished to win the dancing competition, and / so / but we only came in 4th place.
6. Lena wants to join the singing contest, or / but / so she practises singing every day.
7. Carlos is worried about his final exam, and /or /but he feels stressed all the time.
8. If you have any questions, please talk to me afterwards or / so / and write me an email.
9. She is very sensitive, so /for / but you shouldn’t comment on her hairstyle.
10. I was unhappy about my test result, and/for / or I studied hard for it.
VIII. Complete each sentence with however, therefore, otherwise, or moreover.
1. Facebook allows us to express our interest; ______________, it helps us connect with old friends.

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2. Most teenagers are influenced by peer pressure; ______________, encouragement from parents is
really important.
3. She has many friends on Facebook; ______________, she can’t chat with anyone.
4. We need a short vacation after the final exam; ______________, we will feel really stressed.
5. Tiktok is very entertaining; ______________, its content can be inappropriate sometimes.
6. Joining the painting club helps me relax; ______________, I can concentrate better.
7. I need to work in pairs for this project; ______________, I should find a partner soon.
8. Our team needs to practise every day; ______________, we may lose the football match.
9. My favourite singer has a Twitter account; ______________, he doesn’t often update it.
10. Matt never shows respect to our teachers; ______________, he often bullies other classmates.
IX. Fill in each blank with a correct word from the box.
or but so and for (x2) therefore otherwise however moreover
1. Josh is very good at academic subjects; ______________, he is terrible at sports.
2. Teens need to have good health to study well, ______________they should exercise regularly.
3. I am voted the team leader for this project, ______________I am good at solving crisis.

38 4. This forum is a place for students to discuss homework; ______________, they can also share their 38
concerns.
5. You can upload your presentation on our Facebook group, ______________you can send it directly
to the teacher.
6. Maria has made new friends, ______________she’s hanging out with them this weekend.
7. Some links can contain viruses; ______________, we should be careful when browsing on the
Internet.
8. We want to film a flashmob video, ______________our classmates are too lazy to do it.
9. Each member needs to contribute to this club; ______________, club activities won’t be able to
continue.
10. They study at the library until 7 p.m. every day, ______________the final exam is coming.
X. Match the sentences.
1. Exams gave Anna a lot of stress, a. otherwise, it can affect their mental health.
2. I want to make some greeting cards; b. for it’s easier for everyone to communicate.
3. We’ve decided to create a Facebook group, c. or they can ask the student council.
4. David is our class monitor, d. so her parents took her on a trip.

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5. He rarely logs on to his account; e. but he doesn’t want to join the school sports
club.
6. Matt is really keen on basketball, f. and he is also our club’s leader.
7. Teens shouldn’t spend too much time on g. however, I am very clumsy.
social media;
8. Students can browse the school website h. therefore, he misses lots of announcements.
for information about clubs,
XI. Combine the two sentences to make compound sentences, using the words in brackets
1. I must sleep early tonight. I turn on Do Not Disturb mode on my smartphone. (so)
___________________________________________________________________________________
2. Taylor is the class monitor. He doesn’t remember his classmates’ names. (but)
___________________________________________________________________________________
3. The players were exhausted after the tennis match. Their bodies ached all over. (and)
___________________________________________________________________________________
4. Jessica wishes to become a doctor. Her parents are both well-known doctors. (for)
39 39
___________________________________________________________________________________
5. You can join a sports club to improve teamwork skills. You can join an arts club to develop
creativity. (or)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
6. Students need to sign up for this contest before Friday. They cannot participate. (otherwise)
___________________________________________________________________________________
7. Good immune system is important for teens. They should exercise at least 30 minutes a day.
(therefore)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
8. He fell over in the middle of the race. He tried his best to cross the finishing line. (however)
___________________________________________________________________________________
XII. Complete the sentence with the correct form of the words in brackets.
1. He _______________ answered the final question and won the contest. (calm)

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2. In this arts and crafts club, you’ll be able to _______________ beautiful objects. (creative)
3. We’re having a _______________ about the pressure teenagers are facing nowadays. (discuss)
4. Exam period was a _______________ time for every student. (stress)
5. She wasn’t a natural _______________, but she tried her best to manage the team. (lead)
6. Do you _______________ upload pictures on your Facebook? (usual)
7. I spent an _______________ weekend with my old friends from primary school. (enjoy)
8. They prefer studying at the library because they can’t _______________ the noise at the café.
(tolerant)
9. The spelling bee contest attracted more than 100 _______________. (participate)
10. I admire Jenny because she always seems _______________ before every test. (relax)
XIII. Complete each sentence with an appropriate preposition.
1. Those students are preparing _______________ the upcoming singing contest.
2. Besides schoolwork, teens also face pressure _______________ parents’ expectations.
3. We planned everything for our field trip _______________ our Facebook group.
4. The summer camp provided teens _______________ chances to experience country life.

40 5. As a member _______________ the chess club, I have to join club activities every Sunday. 40
6. Have you ever participated _______________ any events from that language club?
7. Teens often want to connect _______________ friends who share the same interest.
8. Does Anna often log on _______________ her Instagram account?
9. Some students find it hard to concentrate _______________ studying without enough sleep.
10. Spencer is interested _______________ Shakespeare and wants to join a drama club.

c. SPEAKING
I. Make questions for the underlined words.
A: ____________________________________________________________________________
B: I chose to join the sports club because I love playing badminton and basketball.
A: ____________________________________________________________________________
B: Lily uploaded some pictures from her latest trip to Facebook.
A: ____________________________________________________________________________
B: They are chatting with their new friends at the computer club.
A: ____________________________________________________________________________

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B: My best friend always checks the notifications before she goes to school.
A: ____________________________________________________________________________
B: The teacher will record our voices during the speaking test.
A: ____________________________________________________________________________
B: You can read more information about the workshop on our fanpage.
A: ____________________________________________________________________________
B: We have club actitivites every Tuesday and Thursday after class.
A: ____________________________________________________________________________
B: Yes, she started playing chess two years ago.
A: ____________________________________________________________________________
B: Mr. Dawson will be the new coach of the volleyball team.
A: ____________________________________________________________________________
B: It took about 2 hours to finish making this scented candle.
II. Complete the dialogue with the appropriate phrases or sentences (A - J).
A. Certainly. We meet every Friday from 5.30 p.m. to 7 p.m.

41 B. Fill in this application form, then you can join us next Friday. 41
C. Sure. Every week, we learn to make different objects by hand.
D. See you!E. What do you want to know?
F. No. We will provide members with necessary tools.
G. It's Mr. Lohan, our school art teacher.
H. On the second floor, class 8A1.
I. You don't have to. Just remember to join the club on time.
J. Members also have chances to make new friends and relax after stressful lessons.
Student: Hello, I have some questions about the arts and crafts club.
Club leader: (1) _________________________________________________________________
Student: Could you tell me about the date and time, please?
Club leader: (2) _________________________________________________________________
Student: Where does everyone usually gather?
Club leader: (3) _________________________________________________________________
Student: Who will coach that club?
Club leader: (4) _________________________________________________________________

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Student: Can you tell me what club members usually do in the club, please?
Club leader: (5) _________________________________________________________________
Student: How interesting! And what else?
Club leader: (6) _________________________________________________________________
Student: That sounds nice. How can I sign up?
Club leader: (7) _________________________________________________________________
Student: Do I need to bring anything to the club?
Club leader: (8) _________________________________________________________________
Student: Cool. Should I call you before coming to the club on Friday?
Club leader: (9) _________________________________________________________________
Student: Thank you. See you this Friday!
Club leader: (10) ________________________________________________________________

d. READING
I. Fill in each blank with a word from the box.
overwhelming unwind positive stress
42 lifestyle concentrate upcoming boosting 42
Stress is part of life. Everyone experiences (1) ________________, and so do teenagers. Some
stress is OK. It can get children ready for action and give them the motivation to get things done. For
example, feeling stressed about an (2) ________________test can motivate children to study. Or
knowing they have to get to the bus on time can help them get ready in the morning.
Although some stress is OK, too much stress can be (3) ________________. It can interfere
with sleep, thinking and learning, and it can get in the way of teenagers enjoying life.
Healthy (4) ________________choices can often help teenagers handle stress or reduce its
effects.
# Be physically active. Physical activity and exercise improve mood and can give children a sense of
achievement, as well as (5) ________________their physical health. Exercise also burns off the ‘stress
hormone’ cortisol and can help the body relax.
# Eat good food. Eating well can help children feel good, strong, energetic, alert and able to (6)
________________.

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# Relax and (7) ________________, especially before bed. This might be going for a walk, reading a
book, having a relaxing bath, listening to some music or doing breathing exercises, muscle relaxation
exercises or mindfulness exercises.
# Sleep well. Teenagers need 8-10 hours of sleep a night. Getting enough good-quality sleep can help
children feel more alert, (8) ________________and energetic. Not getting enough sleep is one of the
biggest causes of stress in teenagers.
II. Read the text carefully, then do the tasks below.
Are teens and social media platforms a good mix, or does social media use lower teen well-
being? This has become one of the most controversial questions regarding social media’s effects on
teens, with studies showing varied results.
According to a recent report released by Common Sense Media on social media’s effects on
teens, about half of the 1,500 young people surveyed said social media is very important for them in
order to get support and advice, feel less alone, and express themselves creatively, as well as for
staying in touch with friends and family members. And 43 percent said that using social media makes
them feel better when they are depressed, stressed, or anxious.

43 On the other hand, the report also showed a strong association between social media and 43
teens feeling depressed. Youth with moderate to severe depressive symptoms were nearly twice as
likely to say they used social media almost constantly. One-third of teens with depression reported
constant social media use, as compared to 18 percent of young people who did not have depressive
symptoms. Furthermore, the more severe their symptoms were, the more anxious, lonely and
depressed they felt after using social media. Clearly, social media does not help teens who are already
feeling depressed and seems to contribute to their negative outlook.
A. Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).
1. ____ Social media has both good and bad effects on teens.
2. ____ Only 50% of the teen surveyed use social media.
3. ____ Teens only use social media when they feel depressed or anxious.
4. ____ The report didn’t mention the negative sides of social media use.
5. ____ Teens with depression tend to use social media more than teens who don’t have depressive
symptoms.
6. ____ Social media can make it worse for teens who are already feeling depressed.
B. Choose the correct answer.

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1. According to the passage, teens don’t use social media to ____________.

a. express themselves b. ask for advice
c. connect with friends d. treat their severe depression
2. Which of the following statements is true about social media?
a. Social media helps teens communicate with their friends.
b. Teens with severe depression find it hard to use social media constantly.
c. Social media can make all teens feel better after using it.
d. Studies on social media’s effects on teens show the same results.

e. WRITING
I. Make sentences from the cues given.
1. At the moment/ we/ prepare/ the English oral test.
__________________________________________________________________________________
2. The sports club leader/ provide/ members/ new activities/ tomorrow.
__________________________________________________________________________________
3. They/ hold/ the spelling bee contest/ 15th October/ usual.
44 __________________________________________________________________________________ 44
4. She/ quit/ the club/ last year/ because/ she/ face/ too much/ pressure/ schoolwork.
__________________________________________________________________________________
5. What types/ social media/ be/ most teens/ interested?
__________________________________________________________________________________
6. Teens/ often/ use/ Messenger/ chat/ friends/ school and life.
__________________________________________________________________________________
7. You/ need/ log on/ your account/ in order/ upload your video.
__________________________________________________________________________________
8. Why/ she/ choose/ use/ Twitter/ instead/ Facebook?
__________________________________________________________________________________
II. Write the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first one.
1. Adam joined a DIY club because he wanted to make presents by hand.
 Adam wanted
2. Although I have an Instagram account, I don’t usually use it.

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 I have
3. Chatting online is more comfortable than talking face to face.
 It’s
4. Do you fancy playing badminton with me after school?
 Would
5. Discussing problems with my friends made me feel less anxious.
 I found it
6. How long is it since you joined the English club?
 When
7. I’m not interested in using TikTok, Facebook, and Twitter.
 I’m not fond
8. We sometimes argue because we have different interests.
 Because of
9. How about creating a private group on Facebook?
 Why

45 10. Is there a literature club at your secondary school? 45

 Does

45
 46

TEST FOR UNIT 3

I. Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others.
1. a. good b. look c. school d. foot
2. a. visited b. decided c. wanted d. hoped
3. a. club b. luck c. curious d. suffer
4. a. discuss b. music c. suit d. social
5. a. provide b. midterm c. different d. practice
II. Look at the picture clues, then complete the sentences with the school clubs from the box.
arts and crafts club cooking club foreign language club chess club
music club book club gardening club sports club
1. Joining a ____________________ can help students
improve their math and logic skills.

46 46
2. Students can play football, volleyball, basketball,
badminton, etc. in the ____________________.

3. If you want to improve your English, come to our

____________________.

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4. I learned to make this paper dragon in the

____________________.

5. In the ____________________, students will learn

how to play several instruments individually or in small
groups.

6. In the ____________________, children have lots of

fun making different dishes including: snacks, biscuits,
muffins, fajitas and fried eggs, etc.
47 47

7. We will discuss some important lessons we learned

from the Harry Porter stories in the ________________
this Friday.

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8. Students in the ____________________ grow and

look after plants in the school grounds

III. Choose the best answer a, b, c or d to complete the sentence.

1. Keira always turns _______ her phone whenever she wants to focus on studying.
a. off b. down c. on d. up
2. We became best friends after working together _______ a history project.
a. in b. on c. with d. at
3. Those students look really _______ in their school uniforms.
a. hard-working b. stressful c. mature d. sensitive
4. There were lots of interesting activities, _______ many students wanted to join the club.
48 a. but b. because c. however d. so
48

5. ‘_______ led our class football team last year?’ - ‘It was Mr. Davis.’
a. What b. Which c. Who d. When
6. I hope it won’t rain tomorrow; _______, the match will be cancelled.
a. otherwise b. however c. moreover d. therefore
7. I mainly use social media _______ to remain connected with my family and friends.
a. forums b. websites c. logs d. posts
8. The arts club will help you think _______ by providing different topics every week.
a. creativelier b. most creatively c. much creatively d. more creatively
9. I decided to _______ the photography club in order to learn more about taking photos.
a. employ b. upload c. join d. belong
10. ‘Excuse me, could you show me the way to the library?’ - ‘_______’
a. Yes, you can borrow books there. b. Certainly. Turn right over there.
c. Don’t worry. It’s not far from here. d. Exactly! I’m right here.
IV. Choose the underlined word or phrase, A, B, C or D that needs correcting.

48
 49

1. We can upload our own videos and watch other people' videos on YouTube.
A. own B. and C. people’ D. on
2. Teens enjoy using TikTok so it provides them with a variety of interesting topics.
A. using B. so C. with D. topics
3. Emily swims really good, and she won three gold medals last year.
A. good B. and C. own D. last year
4. Students need to log to their student accounts in order to do this online English test.
A. log to B. student accounts C. to do D. English test
5. Would you like participating in the dancing contest that will be held next month?
A. participating B. in C. dance D. be held
6. Some teens are under pressure because they want to meet their parents’ expectancy.
A. under B. because C. to meet D. expectancy
7. I created a Facebook account so that I can chat with my friends on school and life.
A. Facebook account B. so that C. with D. on
8. Timothy is really good at social activities, design, and playing musical instrument.

49 A. is B. at C. design D. playing 49
V. Supply the correct form or tense of the verbs in brackets.
1. I ________________ (create) my Facebook account about two years ago.
2. Stress from schoolwork ________________ (affect) teens’ concentration in class.
3. ________________ (the girls/ perform) a TikTok dance at the moment?
4. The guitar club ________________ (start) at 5 p.m. every Friday and(last) for two hours.
5. Our teachers ________________ (often/ not talk) to students about peer pressure.
6. ________________ (you/ record) your own voice when you practised speaking English?
7. In the future, the school ________________ (organise) more club activities for its students.
8. Some students ________________ (bully) Monica at her old school, which led to her depression.
9. Carlos doesn’t join any clubs because he detests ________________ (do) club activities.
10. Painting helps me ________________ (improve) my creativity and imagination.
VI. Write the correct form of the words in brackets.
1. The DIY club is to encourage students to think more ________________. (create)
2. Check your Internet ________________ first if you can’t log on to the school website. (connect)
3. Students often feel ________________ about poor grades at school. (stress)

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4. Why do you ________________ Instagram as your main social media platform? (choice)
5. We’re going to meet a ________________ pianist this weekend. (profession)
6. It is important for students to report any ________________ to their parents or teachers. (bully)
7. Some teens enjoy doing outdoor ________________ while some prefer to play indoors. (act)
8. Many parents worry about the negative impacts of peer ________________. (press)
9. What is the most ________________ location for a short trip after the final exam? (suit)
10. Some teens feel that they have to ________________ with each other at school due to peer
pressure. (competition)
VII. Match the sentences.
1. Do you and your friends enjoy using social a. I use them daily, whenever I have free time.
media?
2. Which social media websites do you use? b. Because it lets them share their images, videos
quite easier, I think.
3. What do you use social media sites for? c. Yes. We’re fond of using TikTok, Facebook,
Instagram and Twitter.

50 4. How often do you use social media sites? d. I prefer Instagram. 50

5. Which do you like using more, Facebook or e. Facebook and Instagram.
Instagram?
6. Why do teens prefer Instagram over f. I’m not sure, but I think TikTok.
Facebook?
7. What is the most popular social media g. To upload photos and videos, send messages
platform these days? and keep in touch with my family and friends.
8. Do you think social media is good or bad? h. It depends on how you use it.
VIII. Choose the word which best fits each gap.
YouTube is the second most (1) ________________ website in the world and each day more
than 720,000 hours of videos are uploaded to it. This video streaming app is also one of the most
popular platforms (2) ________________ children, from elementary school kids all the way to teens.
YouTube makes money by keeping people on the platform (3) ________________ video after video,
so it’s in their interest to capture (4) ________________ with shocking and engaging videos, even if
it’s not good for young users.

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Despite its potential for harmful (5) ________________, YouTube’s educational and
wholesome entertainment possibilities are immense - (6) ________________ for young people. From
changing a bike tire to making a Halloween costume out of things lying around the house, functional
and creative videos about (7) ________________ to solve problems are incredibly common. In
addition to super-useful how-to videos, there are also documentaries, language tutorials, exercise,
yoga, stretching videos, (8) ________________ more. Almost anything teens are studying at school is
bound to have a corresponding video to help make the lesson more clear — and possibly even fun!
1. a. watched b. visited c. checked d. connected
2. a. to b. for c. in d. with
3. a. to watch b. watching c. watch d. watched
4. a. concentration b. notice c. attention d. notification
5. a. subject b. content c. thought d. idea
6. a. special b. specially c. especially d. especial
7. a. what b. where c. who d. how
8. a. and b. but c. or d. so
IX. Read the text carefully, then answer the questions.
51 51
Getting enough sleep is important for people of any age. In teenagers, good quality sleep is
really essential because it plays an important role in their physical, emotional and mental
development. Sleep benefits the brain and promotes attention, memory, and analytical thought.
Sleep deprivation, on the other hand, leads to drowsiness, lack of attention, and causes poor
academic performance. Inadequate sleep in teenagers can also increase their risk of depression,
anxiety and low self-esteem.
Experts recommend that teenagers get 8 to 10 hours of sleep per night to maintain good
health. However, most teenagers get far less than the recommended hours of sleep every night. This
is partly due to the natural shift in their circadian rhythm, which makes it difficult for them to sleep
before 11pm. They have a natural tendency to stay up late in the night and sleep in longer during the
morning. Other factors contributing to sleep problems include an early start at school, a heavy
workload of homework and school assignments, extracurricular activities, a busy social life, and an
excessive use of electronic devices. Teenagers may end up staying late at night to fit in many of these
tasks or to hang out with friends at night during the weekends, which can all leave them sleep
deprived.

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1. Why is sleep extremely important for teenagers?

__________________________________________________________________________________
2. What are the benefits of sleep for the brain?
__________________________________________________________________________________
3. How can sleep deprivation affect a teenager’s life?
__________________________________________________________________________________
4. How many hours of sleep does a teenager need every night?
__________________________________________________________________________________
5. Are most teenagers getting enough sleep?
__________________________________________________________________________________
6. What are the causes of sleep deprivation in teenagers?
__________________________________________________________________________________
X. Reorder the words to moke sentences.
1. some sports/ should/ play/ Teenagers/ to keep/ and relieve/ fit/ stress.
__________________________________________________________________________________

52 2. for/ meeting grounds/ remain/ Social media sites/ Facebook and Instagram/ popular/ teens/ the 52
most/ including.
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
3. Today/ discussing/ different types/ we/ are/ that/ facing/ are/ students/ of presssure.
__________________________________________________________________________________
4. addicted/ I’m/ Facebook/ to/1/ check/ and/ my notifications/ every 5 minutes.
__________________________________________________________________________________
5. was/ he/ stressed/ because/ his/ meet/ tried/ He/ hard/ too/ to/ parents’ expectations.
__________________________________________________________________________________
6. to participate/ are/ an/ to encourage/ in/ After school clubs/ teenagers/ extracurricular activities/
excellent way.
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
7. Which/ is/ connect/ teens/ safe/ to/ new friends/ for/ social media site/ with?
__________________________________________________________________________________

52
 53

8. there is/ available/ In schools,/ for/ clubs and activities/ a wide variety/ students/ to join/ of.
__________________________________________________________________________________

53 53

53
 54

TEST YOURSELF 1
I. Choose the word whose underlined port is pronounced differently from the others.
1. a. club b. upload c. cultivate d. forum
2. a. stress b. message c. media d. pressure
3. a. villages b. cities c. houses d. distances
4. a. plough b. account c. outdoor d. touch
5. a. leisure b. resort c. user d. browse
II. Choose the word that has different stress pattern.
1. a. leisure b. creative c. puzzle d. comedy
2. a. improve b. especially c. exhibit d. physical
3. a. ingredient b. activity c. connect d. recipe
4. a. hospitable b. concentrate c. picturesque d. generous
5. a. pressure b. occasion c. upload d. mature
III. Complete each sentence with an appropriate word. The first letter is given.
1. Farmers often raise some p__________________, such as chickens and ducks, for their eggs.
54 2. My sister is c__________________ about K-Pop. She is a big fan of BTS and Super Junior. 54
3. Cycling, running and swimming are all good leisure a__________________ you should try.
4. Most teens say they feel a lot of p__________________ to get good grades.
5. I came across a music club brochure while I was b__________________ the school website.
6. At h__________________ time, farmers are busy in the fields collecting the annual crops.
7. Most Vietnamese parents have high educational e__________________ for their children.
8. I love h__________________ out with my best friend Helen at weekends.
IV. Choose the best answer a, b, c or d to complete the sentence.
1. Jean is really ________ photography, and she enjoys taking pictures of natural landscapes.
a. in b. at c. into d. for
2. Film fans can also watch from home by logging ________ walkoffame.com.
a. for b. on c. at d. on to
3. Cindy is afraid of getting sunburn, so she dislikes playing any ________ sports.
a. winter b. team c. outdoor d. physical
4. The farmers are ________ wheat on their agricultural land in the village.
a. living b. gardening c. loading d. cultivating

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5. ________ drop that mobile phone and do your homework?

a. Why don’t you b. How about c. Would you mind d. When did you
6. Instagram is so popular around the globe due to its ________ interface.
a. friendly-user b. used-friendly c. user-friendly d. friendly-used
7. People in rural areas live ________ than those in cities.
a. simplier b. more simply c. more simple d. simpler
8. Tourists can climb up the mountain, ________ they can use the cable car service.
a. or b. and c. but d. so
9. Social media has become an important part of our lives. ________, it’s important to realise that
social media can be addictive.
a. Moreover b. Otherwise c. However d. Therefore
10. ‘Would you like to join our cleanup event this weekend?’ - ‘________’
a. Why not? Let’s go. b. Certainly. I like it.
c. It’s very kind of you. Thank you. d. That’s great. Thanks.
V. Choose the underlined word or phrase, A, B, C or D that needs correcting.

55 1. Yesterday we listed lots of better things to do instead of watch TV. 55

A. listed B. better C. to do D. watch
2. Origami, which is a popular art of paper fold, originated from Japan.
A. which B. a C. fold D. from
3. When you play game online, be careful when you make friends to strangers.
A. game online B. careful C. when D. to
4. She goes to the dance club with her friends every evening Sunday.
A. goes B. the C. with D. evening Sunday
5. Although those children are really young, they are trained-well to herd cattle.
A. Although B. they C. trained-well D. to trend
6. Playing team sports gives you much fun than individual sports.
A. Playing B. gives C. much D. individuals
7. They found these games more difficulty to win than the previous ones.
A. difficulty B. to C. than D. ones
8. Wonderful family days out are some of most special memories.
A. Wonderful B. days out C. are D. of most

55
 56

9. Due to the development of cities destroys farmland, many farmers lose their jobs.
A. Due to B. destroys C. many D. their
10. Do you know that an average person check Facebook over 30 hours a week?
A. Do you know B. check C. over D. 30 hours a week
VI. Supply the correct tense or form of the verbs in brackets.
1. How often __________________ (she/ take) a trip to the countryside?
2. I once __________________ (go) camping at Lake Darling with some friends.
3. When my father was young, he __________________ (not spend) much time on social media.
4. Theodore __________________ (be) fond of doing DIY projects when he studied at high school.
5. Where is Jeanny? ~ She __________________ (practise) the piano in the music room.
6. __________________ (your family/ move) to the city in 2008?
7. Teenagers __________________ (constantly/ post) about what seems like perfect lives on social
media sites.
8. I’ve got the tickets. Next week we __________________ (visit) Hanoi.
9. Do you fancy __________________ (come) on a day trip to my uncle’s farm next Saturday?

56 10. Children in this village learn __________________ (herd) the cattle when they are small. 56
VII. Write the correct form of the words in brackets.
1. His __________________ to the Internet is taking over his life. (addict)
2. The tourists thanked the villagers for their __________________ and hospitality. (generous)
3. Children in rural areas often travel to school __________________ than those in big cities. (far)
4. Mark is such a talented person that everyone is __________________ of him. (envy)
5. The school festival is __________________ held in January, before Lunar New Year. (tradition)
6. The Internet has already changed the way people __________________. (social)
7. Thanks to the combine __________________, farmers can save a lot of time and money. (harvest)
8. There are so many activities I want to do in the countryside, __________________ flying kites.
(special)
VIII. Match the sentences.
1. Would you like to go to the baking club with a. Because I want to develop my creative thinking
me this Saturday? skills.

56
 57

2. What types of social media do you like the b. Why? Is life in a big city more convenient?
most?
3. My brother used to hate chatting, but now he c. Exactly. Web gives teens too many distractions.
likes doing it.
4. The greeting cards you made are so lovely. d. Really? Who does he usually chat with?
5. What are you doing this weekend? e. I’m hanging out with my friends.
6. Why do you want to join an Art club? f. We’re glad that you like them. That’s our first
DIY project.
7. Although I really love my home town, I want g. I’d love to. What time is it?
to live in Ho Chi Minh City.
8. Nowadays young people are becoming too h. I enjoy using Facebook because it’s very user-
dependent on the Internet. friendly.
IX. Choose the word which best fits each gap.
Are you a screenager? Are you (1) __________________ glued to the TV, texting your friends,
chatting online, or perhaps trying to move (2) __________________ another level in one of your
favourite video games? Well, if you are, you are in the majority.
57 57
Most teenagers do almost (3) __________________ electronically. They watch digital TV,
listen to music on a digital MP3 player and (4) __________________ with friends through email,
instant messaging or by mobile phone. Teenagers even do most of their reading online now. When
they need help with their homework, it’s often the Internet that they (5) __________________.
Experts from all over the world worry that teenagers’ addiction to technology is having an
effect (6) __________________ on their health and on their behaviour. In some countries, teenagers
are getting help. In Asia, there are even boot camps (7) __________________ children receive
psychological help and treatment. It’s (8) __________________ that these types of camps will
become common in other countries in the future.
1. a. definitely b. constantly c. hardly d. finally
2. a. in b. off c. out d. up
3. a. everything b. something c. anything d. nothing
4. a. relate b. socialize c. join d. communicate
5. a. carry on b. get off c. turn to d. find out
6. a. either b. all c. both d. whether

57
 58

7. a. which b. where c. what d. that

8. a. probable b. difficult c. comfortable d. satisfied
X. Read the text carefully, then do the tasks below.
The population of British cities has been falling for years. Cities like Liverpool and Glasgow
have lost about 30% of their population in 30 years. But Britain’s population is still growing. Where
are the people going? The answer is to the country. More and more people in Britain want to live in
the country, and this is causing more and more problems in some rural areas.
The English countryside has a classic image. People imagine that life in the country is slow and
calm; that there are no traffic jams, no pollution, and no crime. In some places, this is true; but in
others it is not.
Small towns and villages are becoming more and more popular; people have more space and
most houses have gardens. But problems are growing. Lots of people want to live in the country and
work in the city; so more and more people travel long distances each day, to go to work. Of course
they don’t use buses (they are too slow) or trains (they don’t stop in the country); they use cars. Little
villages now have traffic problems in the morning, just like big cities! And they are getting worse.

58 The problems are very complicated! If everyone moves into the country, large parts of the 58
countryside will disappear! People leave cities and big towns, to escape from urban problems; but
more and more, they are bringing their problems with them.
On warm summer days, and cold winter days, air pollution can be a big problem in large parts
of the south of England, not just in London. Traffic jams are now often part of life, even in the country;
crime has become a serious problem in rural areas.
A. Decide if the statements are true (T) or false (F).
1. ____ In the past, there were more people in Britain than today.
2. ____ The population of Liverpool and Glasgow has decreased over the past 30 years.
3. ____ More and more English people enjoy living in small towns and villages.
4. ____ People prefer using public transport for commuting to work.
5. ____ Air pollution is a huge problem in many parts of England, except London.
6. ____ There is very little crime in rural areas of England.
B. Choose the correct answer.
1. According to the first paragraph, more and more British people _______________.
a. want to live in big cities like Liverpool and Glasgow

58
 59

b. would like to leave their city and live in the country

c. cause more and more problems in rural areas
d. are moving from rural to urban areas, causing serious problems
2. Which is NOT mentioned as the classic image of the English countryside?
a. noisy b. peaceful c. clean air d. less traffic
3. How do people living in the country commute to work?
a. They take buses. b. They travel by trains.
c. They drive their own cars. d. They ride their motorcycles.
4. We can conclude from the passage that _______________.
a. many rural areas are growing faster in population than urban districts
b. there isn’t public transport in some rural parts of England
c. air pollution and traffic jams are not problems in the English countryside
d. life in some rural parts in English isn’t as calm and peaceful as it was.
XI. Choose the correct answer a, b, c, or d to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to the
sentence given.

59 1. It took me two hours to walk to her village. 59

a. It was a 2-hour walk from the village.
b. I spent two hours walking to her village.
c. She made me walk for two hours.
d. A walk around the village is two hours.
2. Life in the countryside seems to be more peaceful than that in the city.
a. Life in the city seems less peaceful than that in the countryside.
b. Life in the city seems as peaceful as that in the countryside.
c. Life in the countryside seems less peaceful than that in the city.
d. Life in the countryside doesn’t seem so peaceful as that in the city.
3. Jane makes crafts better than her sister.
a. Jane makes crafts as well as her sister.
b. Jane’s sister makes crafts less good than Jane does.
c. Both Jane and her sister make crafts well.
d. Jane’s sister doesn’t make crafts as well as Jane does.
4. Do you want me to show you how to post an Instagram story?

59
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a. Do you fancy showing me how to post an Instagram story?

b. Could you show me how to post an Instagram story?
c. Would you like me to show you how to post an Instagram story?
d. Please show me how to post an Instagram story.
XII. Write the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first one.
1. Flying a kite in the countryside is very exciting.
 It’s
2. Although she is busy with her work, she always spends time doing voluntary work.
 She is
3. It’s not necessary to change the dates of our trip.
 We
4. Let’s go to my uncle’s farm at the weekend.
 Amy suggested

60 60

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UNIT 4.
ETHNIC GROUPS OF
VIET NAM
A. PHONETICS
I. Underline the words with the sound /k/ and circle the words with the sound /g/. Then say the
sentences aloud.
1. Benjamin is the second oldest tiger in this zoo.
2. They often give tourists the sticky rice that they’ve made.
3. The villagers believe that there is a ghost in the communal house.
4. The boys and girls are preparing for an important cultural event.
5. Pigs are the main livestock here and always in high demand.
61 61
6. Each ethnic group has their own language and tradition.
7. The whole family is in the kitchen because we’re having a family gathering.
8. Gong is a type of traditional musical instrument of some minority populations.
II. Choose the word which has the underlined part pronounced differently from the rest.
1. a. communal b. culture c. musical d. special
2. a. gong b. village c. guest d. group
3. a. folk b. sticky c. knit d. like
4. a. staircase b. cement c. receive d. terraced
5. a. school b. chemistry c. Christmas d. cheese
6. a. gymnastics b. tiger c. gift d. gathering

B. VOCABULARY and GRAMMAR

I. Match the word or phrase with its definition.
1. livestock a. work like planting, growing, watering, weeding, and harvesting
2. costume b. a group of people that has different national or cultural traditions from
the majority of the population

61
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3. terraced field c. animals and birds, such as cows, pigs, chickens, that are kept on a farm
4. stilt house d. a traditional dance in which performers mimic a lion’s movements in a
lion costume.
5. ethnic minority e. the largest stilt house in the village where village ceremonies and
festivals take place
6. folk dance f. clothes that are typical of a particular place
7. communal house g. a house raised on piles over the surface of the soil
8. gardening h. a traditional dance of a particular area or country
9. gong i. a field that is on the side of a hill and divided into layers that look like
steps
10. lion dance j. a metal disc that makes a loud deep sound when it is hit with a stick
II. Complete the sentences with the words or phrases from the box.
terraced fields costume stilt houses weaving ethnic minorities
unique bamboo speciality wooden statue folk dances
1. The Nung mostly live in ____________________ though they also live in earthen houses.
2. Five-colour sticky rice is well known as a ____________________ of the north-western region of
62 62
Viet Nam.
3. Known as the Rong, the communal building was traditionally made from wood and ____________.
4. It’s interesting to learn about the ____________________ features of each ethnic group.
5. Mua xoe and mua sap are popular ____________________ of Thai ethnic minority people.
6. The ____________________ of the Nung is not as colourful as that of other ethnic groups.
7. Basket ____________________ is one of many traditional crafts in this mountainous area.
8. There’s a big ____________________ of our hero at the entrance of our village.
9. Sa Pa is famous for the ____________________ located in the mountainous area.
10. ____________________ make up between 10 to 15 percent of the population in Vietnam.
III. Choose the best expression In response to each sentence.
1. ‘Is it true that Y Moan was the greatest pop singer of the Ede?’ - ‘_______’
a. Really? b. How beautiful! c. Come on! d. Exactly.
2. ‘Look at this dish, Nick. It has five colours.’ - ‘_______’
a. How nice! b. What a shame! c. Sounds bad. d. Okay.
3. ‘In some ethnic groups, women play the leading role in the family.’ - ‘_______’

62
 63

a. Well, of course. b. I don’t think so.

c. Wow, that’s surprising! d. It’s all right.
4. ‘After a 20 day homestay tour, I can use chopsticks, harvest rice, and cook some Vietnamese dish.’ -
‘_______’
a. Yeah, I’d like to. b. That’s awesome! c. It’s wrong. d. No problem.
5. ‘The ethnic minorities are mainly concentrated In Northern Uplands and Central Highlands.’ -
‘_______’
a. Oh, I see. b. So far so good. c. How convenient! d. Almost certainly.
6. ‘I have two tickets to a gong performance. Would you like to go?’ - ‘_______ What time?’
a. Sorry, I can’t. b. Not very good. c. Yes, I’d like that. d. Never mind.
7. ‘Let’s go to the local open-air market.’ - ‘_______’
a. Good idea. b. I’d love to. c. Not at all. d. Yes, of course.
8. ‘Tomorrow we will go to Coc Ly market. You can buy lots of handmade items there.’ – “_______”
a. What a pity! b. How interesting! c. How thoughtful! d. Well done.
IV. Change the sentences into Yes / No questions.

63 1. Sapa is one of the top attractions in Northern Vietnam. 63

__________________________________________________________________________________
2. The traditional sticky rice of the Tay ethnic group has five colours.
__________________________________________________________________________________
3. Women play the leading role in the family in some ethnic groups.
__________________________________________________________________________________
4. Henry can use chopsticks skilfully after a 20-day tour in Viet Nam.
__________________________________________________________________________________
5. The ethnic minorities mainly live in Northern Uplands and Central Highlands.
__________________________________________________________________________________
6. I didn’t attend the Ban Flower Festival in Dien Bien when I travelled there.
__________________________________________________________________________________
7. The local people will teach tourists to play gong and bamboo flute.
__________________________________________________________________________________
8. They bought lots of handmade items when they visited the local market.
__________________________________________________________________________________

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9. We’re going to harvest the rice on the paddy fields with other villagers.
__________________________________________________________________________________
10. There were a lot of stilt houses in ethnic minority villages in the past.
__________________________________________________________________________________
V. Complete each sentence with a suitable question word.
1. ____________ ethnic group has larger population, Cho Ro or Chu Ru? ~ Cho Ro.
2. ____________ groups of languages do all ethnic groups speak? ~ Eight groups.
3. ____________ is the biggest house in the village? ~ It’s the communal house.
4. ____________ arts are displayed in a museum in Da Nang city? - The Cham’s.
5. ____________ do the San Diu mainly live? ~ In Quang Ninh province.
6. ____________ do the Thai hold ceremonies to worship their ancestors? ~ Every year.
7. ____________ is the village chief of the Phu La? ~ The oldest man.
8. ____________ is it from here to the communal house? ~ Just about one kilometre.
9. ____________ did you visit Sa Pa? ~ Because I wanted to go for a trek in Fansipan.
10. ____________ do they cook five-colour sticky rice? ~ On special occasions.

64 VI. Change each sentence into a question using the question words in brackets. 64
1. The girl with a shawl on her head is a member of the Thai. (who)
________________________________________________________________________________
2. The Khmer have three main festivals in a year. (how many)
________________________________________________________________________________
3. Odu is the smallest ethnic group in Viet Nam. (which)
________________________________________________________________________________
4. Ok Om Bok Festival is the biggest festival of Khmer people. (what)
________________________________________________________________________________
5. We can find terraced fields in the northern mountainous regions. (where)
________________________________________________________________________________
6. Bom Bo village is about 200 kilometres from Ho Chi Minh City. (how far)
________________________________________________________________________________
7. They built their houses on stilts to prevent flooding from tides or storms. (why)
________________________________________________________________________________
8. The population of the Tay ethnic group is about 1.7 million. (what)

64
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________________________________________________________________________________
9. It usually takes about 5 hours to drive to Lao Cai from Ha Noi. (how long)
________________________________________________________________________________
10. The M’nong mainly live in Dak Lak province. (where)
________________________________________________________________________________
VII. Put the nouns in the box in the correct columns.
information, land, crop, instrument, nature, tree, group,
ash, place, culture, area, rice, water, costume,
gardening, mountain, field, clothing, festival, soil
Countable nouns Uncountable nouns

VIII. Underline the correct answer.

1. Vietnam is a / an / a few multiethnic country with 54 ethnic groups.

65 2. A number of ethnic minorities had mastered much / a little /some farming techniques. 65
3. How some / many / much information about the Ba Na have you collected?
4. The Rong house of the Xo Dang is a big stilt house with a high roof which looks like a / an / some
axe.
5. I need a / a few / a little time to think about which ethnic group I want to present.
6. How many / much /few ethnic groups live in the southern regions of Viet Nam?
7. There’s many / a lot of / a few land to grow crops in this lowland area.
8. The tour guide introduced a little / a few / much important celebrations of the Khmer.
9. The young Co Ho women play a / an / a little active role in marriage.
10. How many / much / little water should we use to make the five-colour sticky rice?
11. Tourists can learn some / a / a little popular folk dances during this trip.
12. The local market sells much / lots of / a little specialities of the Bru-Van Kieu.
IX. Fill in each blank with a/an, much, many, a little, or a few.
1. How _____________ water should I add to my noodles to make it less dry?
2. Could you give me _____________ information about ethnic groups in the Central Highlands?
3. Mua sap is _____________ traditional folk dance of the Muong.

65
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4. Gongs have _____________ different sizes with diameter ranging from 20cm to 120cm.
5. There are only _____________ people who know how to play bamboo flute in my village.
6. Gathering and hunting still play _____________ important role in the economy of the La Ha.
7. We were afraid that not many people will come, so we only made _____________ sticky rice.
8. Those tourists don’t have _____________ knowledge about this mountainous region.
9. They can only grow _____________ crops because their farming techniques are bad.
10. Because of urbanisation, there aren’t _____________ stilt houses left in the village.
X. Complete the sentence with the correct form of the words in brackets.
1. Many ethnic groups managed to live together _____________. (peace)
2. The tourists hope to join the Gong Festival _____________. (celebrate)
3. The _____________ of people in Viet Nam belong to the Kinh people. (major)
4. The _____________ house is the place where village ceremonies and festivals take place.
(commune)
5. Among ethnic _____________ groups, the least populated are Brau, Roman, Odu with several
hundred people each. (minor)

66 6. Five-colour sticky rice is a traditional _____________ of Tay people. (special) 66

7. H’mong people live in the northern _____________ region of Viet Nam. (mountain)
8. The Tai are known for their traditional _____________ and their houses on stilts. (weave)
9. The Raglai have a _____________ instrument made of bamboo called the chapi. (music)
10. Muong people are _____________ more closely related to the Tai people. (culture)
XI. Complete each sentence with an appropriate preposition.
1. Nick is curious _____________ the ethnic minortity groups in Viet Nam.
2. The Tay ethnic group likes living very close _____________ nature.
3. The M’Nong live in houses built _____________ stilts.
4. The Hmong live mostly _____________ the mountainous regions _____________ the north.
5. The M’Nong in Ban Don are well known _____________ their elephant hunting and dosmetication.
6. Many ethnic minority students are studying _____________ boarding schools.
7. The Thai have a population _____________ about one and a half million people.
8. Tay language belongs _____________ the Tay-Thai language group.
9. The communal house is used _____________ village meetings and festivities.
10. The chapi is made _____________ a section of an old bamboo.

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c. SPEAKING
I. Make questions for the underlined words.
A: _________________________________________________________________________________
B: We’d like to know something about the cultural groups of Viet Nam.
A: _________________________________________________________________________________
B: The Tay don’t allow guests to sit in the room of their altar because that room is such a sacred place.
A: _________________________________________________________________________________
B: Tourists can find Vietnam’s most beautiful terraced rice fields in Mu Cang Chai.
A: _________________________________________________________________________________
B: They dug canals to bring water to their rice fields.
A: _________________________________________________________________________________
B: The Muong speak the Muong language.
A: _________________________________________________________________________________
B: A typical La Chi stilt house has three apartments.
A: _________________________________________________________________________________
67 B: Some ethnic groups lived a semi-nomadic life decades ago. 67
A: _________________________________________________________________________________
B: Chief of village Ama H’rin established Ako Dhong village.
A: _________________________________________________________________________________
B: Most people in the village live simply and happily.
A: _________________________________________________________________________________
B: The local market is about 3 kilometres from our village.
II. Complete the dialogue with the appropriate phrases or sentences (A - J).
A. Exactly. And I must learn everything by heart.
B. Yes. But they also live in earthen houses, and half stilt-half earth houses.
C. They mostly live in the northern provinces.
D. Let's go.
E. Hl Thao! I'm reading about Nung people.
F. It's growing wet rice.
G. OK, thanks. Look at this note and ask me about this ethnic group.

67
 68

H. To my way of thinking, it seems peaceful and interesting.

I. They celebrate many festivals in a year, but "Lung Tung" is the most famous one.
J. About 1 million people.
Thao: Hi, Phong! What are you reading?
Phong: (1) _________________________________________________________________________
Thao: Oh, I see. You’ll give a presentation on ethnic minorities, won’t you?
Phong: (2) _________________________________________________________________________
Thao: Let me help you to revise it.
Phong: (3) _________________________________________________________________________
Thao: Well, where do the Nung live?
Phong: (4) _________________________________________________________________________
Thao: What is the population of the Nung?
Phong: (5) _________________________________________________________________________
Thao: Do they live in stilt houses?
Phong: (6) _________________________________________________________________________

68 Thao: What is their main source of living 68

?Phong: (7) _________________________________________________________________________
Thao: How many festivals do they have in a year?
Phong: (8) _________________________________________________________________________
Thao: One more question. What do you think about life in mountainous regions?
Phong: (9) _________________________________________________________________________
Thao: Great! You did study hard. Take a rest. Let’s go out for a drink.
Phong: (10) _________________________________________________________________________

d. READING
I. Fill in each blank with a word from the box.
including display ethnic which diversity viewed throughou Homes
t
Vietnam Museum of Ethnology in Hanoi offers an insight into the 54 different (1)
________________ groups of Vietnam in an effort to preserve cultural heritage and promote socio-
cultural (2) ________________ within the country.

68
 69

The museum has over 15,000 artefacts (3) ________________ photographs and other multi-
media such as audiotapes. Its indoor exhibition space can be (4) ________________ via a virtual tour
(5) ________________ includes the Viet, Muong, Tho, Chut, Tay, Thai, Ka Dai, H’Mong-Dao, Tang, San
Dui, Ngai, Mon-Khmer, Nam-Dao, Cham, Hoa and Khmer ethnic groups. There are priceless antiques
on (6) ________________ alongside everyday objects such as pipes, baskets and knives.
The outdoor area presents a range of traditional (7) ________________ including a Tay stilt house
and a Viet house. The museum is suitable for children, and all documents and display signs (8)
________________ have been translated into French and English.
II. Read the text carefully, then do the tasks below.
The Muong are among the ethnic minority groups that have big populations in Vietnam. The
Muong share an estimate of 1.3 million people from their six sub-groups, such as Mol, Mual, Moi, Moi
Bi, Au Ta and Ao Ta. They are largely concentrated in the provinces of Hoa Binh and Thanh Hoa
particularly in mountainous districts. Their language belongs to the Viet-Muong group and they hold
many ceremonies year round.
The Muong have practiced farming for a long time and wet rice is their main food staple. Most

69 of their family’s other income is generated through the exploitation of forest products including 69
mushrooms, dried fungus, ammonium, and sticklac. The men are known for basketry as women are
skilled in silk spinning and loom weaving.
The Muong have diverse folk arts including folk songs and poems, sorcerer’s worshiping songs,
tales, proverbs, lullabies, and riddle songs. The gong is the most popular musical instrument along
with the flute, the two-string violin, the drum, and the panpipe.
A. Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).
1. ____ The Muong is one of the largest ethnic minorities in Vietnam.
2. ____ The Muong are also called Mol, Mual, Moi, Moi Bi, Au Ta and Ao Ta.
3. ____ The Muong don’t have their own language, so they speak Vietnamese.
4. ____ The Muong live mainly on forest products, such as mushrooms and dried fungus.
5. ____ Muong women are very good at making baskets and loom weaving.
6. ____ The Muong have a rich treasure of folk arts.
B. Answer the questions.
1. What is the population of the Muong?
__________________________________________________________________________________

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 70

2. Where do the Muong mostly live?

__________________________________________________________________________________
3. What Is the main food product of the Muong?
__________________________________________________________________________________
4. What are musical instruments of the Muong?
__________________________________________________________________________________

e. WRITING
I. Make sentences from the cues given.
1. which ethnic group/ second largest population/ Viet Nam?
__________________________________________________________________________________
2. Sap dance/ typical dance/ Muong people/ the north.
__________________________________________________________________________________
3. Most/ ethnic minorities/ Viet Nam/ live/ mountainous areas.
__________________________________________________________________________________
4. Thai ethnic minority/ well known/ beautifully woven garments.
70 __________________________________________________________________________________ 70
5. The New Year celebration/ Lao ethnic group/ lunar April.
__________________________________________________________________________________
6. Many/ young girl/ mountainous regions/ know/ how/ weave/ clothing.
__________________________________________________________________________________
7. What/ the students/ learn/ the life/ the Cham/ Ninh Thuan/ yesterday?
__________________________________________________________________________________
8. the Ede/ start/ live/ the high plateau region/ central Viet Nam/ long time ago?
__________________________________________________________________________________
II. Write the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first one.
1. Your village is so beautiful!
 What
2. How long Is it since you built this stilt house?
 When
3. Living in a big city is more convenient than living in a village.

70
 71

 It’s
4. There are fewer Hmong than Kinh, so they are an ethnic minority group.
 Because
5. Although the villagers are quite poor, they live a happy and healthy way.
 In spite of
6. What did the local people say?
 Could you tell me
7. Romantic films interest me more than war films.
 I find
8. A lot of people take the train from Oxford to London every day.
 A lot of people travel
9. How about asking the local people for help?
 Why
10. Is there an ancestral altar in the La Chi’s largest apartment?
 Does

71 71

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TEST FOR UNIT 4

I. Choose the word whose underlined port is pronounced differently from the others.
1. a. scenery b. skull c. school d. sky
2. a. terraced b. helped c. talked d. harvested
3. a. important b. minor c. boring d. northern
4. a. custom b. community c. costume d. museum
5. a. clothing b. gather c. though d. ethnic
II. Complete the sentences with the suitable words.
1. Cong-Chieng, or _______________, is a musical instrument made
of bronze.

2. Five-colour _______________ is an important dish of almost all

ethnic minorities.
72 72

3. The Rong house of the Xo Dang is a big _______________ with a

high roof.

4. Hmong farmers have been growing rice on the _______________

for hundreds of years.

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5. The Xoe dance is one of the most popular _______________ the

Thai ethnic group.

6. The Bahnar wear their traditional _______________ on special

occasion and festivals.

7. The Giay people raise _______________ such as buffaloes, cows,

goats, pigs and poultry.

8. Hoa Ban _______________ takes place in March, when orchids

and peach blossom everywhere in the north-western region.

73 73

III. Choose the best answer a, b, c or d to complete the sentence.

1. The Dao in the Sa Pa area is famous _________ its “love market”.
a. with b. in c. for d. to
2. Stilt houses are made _________ natural materials such as wood, palm leaves, bamboo, and rattan.
a. on b. with c. by d. from
3. The _________ house is a place where villagers gather for festivals and rituals.
a. terraced b. splendid c. bamboo d. communal
4. There were lots of interesting folk games, _________ Kenny stayed a little longer to join them.
a. but b. because c. so d. however
5. ‘_________ dress in red and black costume?’ - ‘The Dao.’
a. What b. Which c. When d. Who
6. There are only _________ villagers who know how to use the combine harvester.
a. a few b. many c. a little d. much
7. S’Tieng women must learn how to _________ cloth before getting married.

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a. sew b. knit c. weave d. make

8. _________ ethnic groups live on the Truong Son mountain range?
a. How many b. How long c. How far d. How much
9. _________, Vietnam has 54 ethnic groups, 53 of which are ethnic minorities.
a. Due to a multi-ethnic country b. To be a multi-ethnic country
c. Despite a multi-ethnic country d. As a multi-ethnic country
10. ‘I have just taken an elephant ride in Buon Don.’ ‘How interesting!’
a. Certainly. b. Really? c. Terrible. d. Exactly.
IV. Choose the underlined word or phrase, A, B, C or D that needs correcting.
1. The Tay are famous for their folk dances and the special five-colours sticky rice.
A. are B. their C. dances D. five-colors
2. The villagers make a living by growing a few crops and raising some cattles.
A. a living B. crops C. some D. cattles
3. We have recently visited some of the remote communities in the north highlands.
A. recently B. some of C. remote D. north

74 4. Youth Ngai women did not receive the inheritance after their parents died. 74
A. Youth B. did not C. the D. their
5. The Ta Oi managed preserving their proverbs, folk songs, and stories.
A. The B. preserving C. proverbs D. stories
6. There isn’t many information about the life of the Brau in the Central Highlands.
A. isn’t B. many C. about D. the Central Highlands
7. I want to visit the Vietnam Museum of Ethnology to learn for 54 ethnic minority groups.
A. to visit B. of C. to learn D. for
8. Xo Dang men are good at architecture, sculpting, and paint.
A. are B. architecture C. sculping D. paint
V. Supply the correct tense and form of the verbs in brackets.
1. What ______________________ (the Muong/ do) to earn their living?
2. The majority of people in Viet Nam ______________________ (belong) to the Kinh ethnic group.
3. Hoa Ban festival ______________________ (start) on March 17th and ______________________
(end) on March 19th.
4. Listen! ______________________ (those ethnic girls/ speak) the Ede language?

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5. My sister ______________________ (not learn) about Vietnam’s ethnic minority groups when she
was in grade 8.
6. She ______________________ (visit) Don Village during her trip to Dak Lak next month.
7. In the future, the local government ______________________ (organise) more activities to
promote the culture of ethnic groups.
8. The Tay People ______________________ (build) these stilt houses over 50 years ago.
9. Tourists to Don Village enjoy ______________________ (ride) elephants around the hamlet or to
the forest.
10. The elephants help local people ______________________ (work) in the fields, and carry goods or
construction materials.
VI. Write the correct form of the words in brackets.
1. Viet Nam is one of the most _______________ diverse countries in South East Asia. (ethnic)
2. The Pa Then believe that the god of fire brings them _______________ and prosperity. (peaceful)
3. Family _______________ are often held by the open fire in the middle of the house. (gather)
4. The Jrai has the largest _______________ in the Central Highlands. (populate)

75 5. The Tay community practice _____________ religious beliefs including ancestor worship. (tradition) 75
6. The population of Viet Nam contains a rich _______________ of ethnic groups. (diverse)
7. Ethnic _______________ make up about 15 percent of Viet Nam’s population. (minor)
8. Sapa is known for its _______________ rice fields in Muong Hoa Valley. (terrace)
9. Each time I returned I was struck by the _______________ of Sa Pa and its people. (unique)
10. The government carried out a programme to _______________ the health service in remote and
rural areas. (modern)
VII. Match the sentences.
1. Which ethnic group has a larger population, a. By motorcycle or bus.
the Ede or the Muong?
2. Shall we join their folk games? b. Not exactly. They are the third.
3. What is that dance? c. In Binh Phuoc and Dak Lak.
4. When does Sapa Love Market take place? d. It’s a folk dance called mua sap.
5. Did you try any ethnic specialities during your e. Yes, I tried some. They’re very delicious.
trip?
6. How can we go to Don Village from Buon Me f. Sure. Which of those games would you like to

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 76

Thuot city? play?

7. The Thai is the second largest ethnic group in g. The Muong.
Viet Nam.
8. Where do the M’Nong mainly live? h. Every Saturday evening.
VIII. Choose the word which best fits each gap.
There are nine sub-groups that are (1) _______________ by the ethnic minority M’Nong, such
as Bru Dang, Preh, Ger, Nong, Prang, PJam, Kuyenh, Chil Bu Nor, and M’Nong Bu Dang, with combined
estimate of 105,300 populations. They are concentrated (2) _______________ southern parts of the
provinces of Binh Phuoc and Dak Lak and in parts of Lam Dong. They live in houses built on (3)
_______________ or level with the ground, in every village where they usually have dozens of
households. Matriarchy is observed and the children (4) _______________ the family name of their
mother. The wife holds the key position in (5) _______________ household. This group likes to have
many children, (6) _______________ daughters and speak the language traced to the Mon-Khmer
Group. The M’Nong use the slash-and-burn method of (7) _______________. The M’Nong in Ban Don
are well known for their elephant hunting and domestication. Women handle the weaving of cotton

76 cloth, (8) _______________ the men work on basketry. 76

1. a. ordered b. symbolized c. expressed d. represented
2. a. on b. in c. for d. at
3. a. bricks b. slabs c. stilts d. stones
4. a. take b. give c. catch d. hold
5. a. the b. a c. every d. some
6. a. special b. especially c. specially d. especial
7. a. transport b. working c. farming d. researching
8. a. where b. when c. which d. while
IX. Read the text carefully, then answer the questions.
Vietnam is a multiethnic country with 54 ethnic groups. The Viet (Kinh) people account for
87% of the country’s population and mainly inhabit the Red River delta, the central coastal delta, the
Mekong delta and major cities. The other 53 ethnic minority groups, totaling over 8 million people,
are scattered over mountain areas spreading from the North to the South. Among ethnic minorities,
the most populated are Tay, Thai, Muong, Hoa, Khmer, Nung... with a population of around 1 million
each; while the least populated are Brau, Roman, Odu with several hundred people each.

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The main economic activity of most ethnic peoples is wet rice cultivation. A number of ethnic
minorities had mastered some farming techniques. They grew rice plants in swamped paddy fields
and carried out irrigation. Others go hunting, fishing, collecting and live a semi-nomadic life. Each
group has its own culture that is diverse and special. Beliefs and religions of the Vietnamese ethnic
minority groups are also disparate from each other.
1. How many ethnic groups are there in Vietnam?
___________________________________________________________________________________
2. Where do the Kinh people mostly live?
___________________________________________________________________________________
3. What is the population of the Tay?
___________________________________________________________________________________
4. Which ethnic groups have the smallest population?
___________________________________________________________________________________
5. What do most ethnic peoples mainly live on?
___________________________________________________________________________________

77 6. Do the ethnic minority groups have the same culture, religion and belief? 77
___________________________________________________________________________________
7. How is the culture of each ethnic group?
___________________________________________________________________________________
X. Reorder the words to make sentences.
1. country/ with/ Viet Nam/ 54/ is/ multiethnic/ a/ groups/ ethnic
___________________________________________________________________________________
2. minorities/ make/ population/ Ethnic/ up/15 percent/ of/ the/ of/ about/ Viet Nam
___________________________________________________________________________________
3. Most/ live/ of/ ethnic/ in/ minorities/ the/ the/ areas/ in/ north/ the/ mountainous
___________________________________________________________________________________
4. Viet Nam/ Tay/ second/ The/ largest/ are/ the/ ethnic/ in/ group
___________________________________________________________________________________
5. are/ The/ known/ Nung/ including/ music and poetry/ for/ folk-art/ richness/ traditions/ their/ of
___________________________________________________________________________________
6. people/ a/ The/ Dao/ language/ speak/ Hmong-Dao/ of/ language system

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___________________________________________________________________________________
7. not/ as/ The/ Nung/ costume/ is/ colourful/ of/ the/ as/ that/ of/ ethnic/ other/ groups
___________________________________________________________________________________
8. The/ Ede/ built/ on/ live/ in/ stilts/ in/ wooden/ villages/ longhouses/ as/ buon / known
___________________________________________________________________________________

78 78

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UNIT 5.
OUR CUSTOMS AND
TRADITIONS
A. PHONETICS
I. Say the words aloud, then circle the correct sound.
1. thank /n/ - /ŋ/ 2. blooming /n/ - /ŋ/
3. lantern /n/ - /ŋ/ 4. soon /n/ - /ŋ/
5. enjoyable /n/ - /ŋ/ 6. hang /n/ - /ŋ/
7. spring /n/ - /ŋ/ 8. reunion /n/ - /ŋ/
9. thin /n/ - /ŋ/ 10. many /n/ - /ŋ/
11. single /n/ - /ŋ/ 12. pink /n/ - /ŋ/
79 II. Put the underlined words into the correct columns. 79
1. The bean seed sprouted from straw is an example of overcoming challenges.
2. Pedestrians greeting strangers seems to be the custom in our town.
3. It’s their tradition to sing and dance together at a wedding.
4. The government has tried to maintain the language of some ethnic groups.
5. Josh found it interesting to see a lot of ornamental trees during Tet.
6. We will bring many gifts for our cousins at Christmas.
7. There are too many things to prepare before the longevity party.
8. The couple thanked the guests for attending their wedding ceremony.
/n/ /ŋ/

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B. VOCABULARY and GRAMMAR

I. Match the word or phrase with its definition.
1. custom a. fighting sports that include judo, karate, taekwondo, etc.
2. tradition b. the fact of lasting a long time
3. worship c. an accepted way of behaving or of doing things
4. table manners d. the socially acceptable way to eat your food, especially when eating a
meal with others
5. reunion e. the tree grown for decoration, not for the harvest of fruit or wood
6. martial arts f. something that is given to a god as part of a religious ceremony
7. spirit g. a belief, custom or way of doing something that has existed for a long
time
8. ornamental tree h. the form of a dead person, similar to a ghost
9. longevity i. the practice of showing respect for a god
10. offering j. a social event for a group of people who haven’t seen each other for a
long time
80 II. Complete the sentences with the words in port I. Use the plural form if necessary. 80
1. Your _____________ are awful - don’t you know how to use a knife and fork?
2. My school holds an annual _____________ for former students.
3. At Tet, Vietnamese people often place bamboo poles in their homes to ward off evil ____________
and bring good fortune.
4. We always wish our grandparents health and _____________ on the first day of Tet.
5. It’s the _____________ in Japan to take your shoes off when you go into someone’s house.
6. I usually help my mother to prepare _____________ for ancestor worship on New Year Day.
7. Peach blossom and apricot blossom are popular _____________ at Tet.
8. My extended family has a _____________ of having gatherings every summer.
9. All the children in my family have to practise _____________ when they turn 8.
10. Whale _____________ is recognised as an important cultural heritage of Viet Nam.
III. Choose the best answer a, b, c or d to complete the sentence.
1. Christians have the _____________ of giving and receiving presents at Christmas.
a. habit b. regulation c. rule d. custom
2. Shops in Viet Nam often have a lion dance performance at their opening _____________.

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a. ceremony b. celebration c. party d. holiday

3. Promoting cultural events is a good way to _____________ some of the region’s traditions.
a. offer b. worship c. maintain d. follow
4. Spending time together at the dinner table creates stronger family _____________.
a. traditions b. gatherings c. reunions d. bonds
5. _____________, everyone will give moon cakes to their family members at Mid-Autumn festival.
a. Symbolically b. Traditionally c. Culturally d. Locally
6. In most Western countries, Christmas is a time of family _____________ and celebration.
a. reunion b. worshipping c. ceremony d. occasion
7. Songkran - the Thai New Year’s national holiday - attracts a lot of festival ___________ every year.
a. comers b. tourists c. visitors d. goers
8. My province _____________ tradition by not having fireworks on New Year’s Eve.
a. broke up b. gave up c. broke with d. ran out
9. ‘You should bring a gift if you’re invited to a Swede’s home' ‘Wow! _____________’
a. This looks so cute! b. I didn’t know that.

81 c. I remember. d. Certainly! 81
10. ‘Could you tell me a bit about Korean table manners?’ - ‘_____________’
a. Of course! b. Perhaps you should.
c. Interesting! d. It’s a good idea.
IV. Complete the sentences with the correct form or tense of the verbs in the box.
admire wrap worship pass pray
take off decorate reflect reunite break
1. She _____________ the present in red paper and tied it with yellow ribbon.
2. I’m not interested in gardening, but I really _____________ a beautiful garden.
3. The culture of xoe dancing _____________ Thai people’s lifestyle and culture.
4. We decided _____________ with tradition and go away for Tet holidays.
5. People often _____________ down family traditions from generation to generation.
6. Almost every Vietnamese household sets an altar _____________ their ancestors.
7. It is considered very impolite not _____________ your shoes before entering a house in Japan.
8. Lots of people come back _____________ their families during Tet Holiday.
9. My mother enjoys _____________ our home with various ornamental plants.

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10. Let’s _____________ for a year filled with good health, happiness, safety, peace and love.
V. Match the two halves to make a full sentence.
1. In Vietnam, it is not uncommon a. everyone will give moon cakes to their parents,
relatives or friends.
2. If you are invited to a Swede’s home, b. not having fireworks on New Year’s Eve.
3. It’s our tradition at Mid-Autumn festival that c. you should bring a gift such as chocolates,
flowers or liquors as the Swedish gift giving
custom.
4. It’s the custom in Mexico to d. you take off your shoes before going into a
house.
5. My province broke with tradition by e. for three generations to be living together
under one roof.
6. It’s an old custom in many birthday parties f. Ao dai is most commonly worn by women at
that school, work and on special occasions.
7. Considered as the symbol of Vietnamese g. the birthday cake is decorated with lighted
tradition, candles.
82 82
8. There is a custom in Japan that h. tip 10% for passable service and 15% for good
service.
VI. Complete the sentences with should or shouldn’t.
1. In Japan, you _____________ point at people or things because it’s considered rude.
2. When invited to a Vietnamese home, you _____________ bring gifts wrapped in brightly coloured
paper.
3. You _____________ stand up chopsticks in your food between mouthfuls or when finished - it
resembles incense sticks that are burned in memory of the dead.
4. You _____________ sweep your house on the first three days of the new year because all your
money and success will be swept out too.
5. You _____________ smile and say “thank you” when receiving a gift.
6. When travelling on public transport, you _____________ avoid loud phone conversations.
7. When visiting Thailand, you _____________ mention the King and do anything that’s disrespectful.
8. You _____________ take your shoes off when entering homes or temples.
9. You _____________ use both hands when giving and receiving things.

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10. When dining in Thailand, you _____________ eat with your fork, but do use it to push food onto
your spoon.
VII. Underline the correct option.
1. It takes a / an / the hour and a half to travel from here to Hoi An Ancient Town.
2. It’s bad luck to sweep your house on a / the / 0 first three days of the new year.
3. There is a / an / 0 custom in Japan that you take off your shoes before going into a house.
4. When travelling on a / the / 0 public transport, you should avoid loud phone conversation.
5. You should smile and say “thank you” when receiving a / an / the gift.
6. Please don’t wear hat when entering 0 / a / the homes or temples.
7. The Elephant Racing Festival is a / 0 / the biggest cultural festival in Central Highlands.
8. We went to an / the / 0 Indian restaurant yesterday to explore their cuisine.
9. You shouldn’t mention the / 0 / a king of Thailand or do anything disrespectful.
10. In Viet Nam, you don’t have to take the / a / an deep bow as you do in Japan.
11. In 0 / a / the Viet Nam, it’s common for 0 / a / the three generations to be living together under
one roof.

83 12. It’s a / an / the old custom in many birthday parties that a / an / the birthday cake is decorated 83
with lighted candles.
VIII. Complete the sentences with a, an, the or 0 for zero article.
1. Don’t come to work late! _____________ Japanese take punctuality seriously.
2. Nicky only knows how to use _____________ spoon, he can’t use chopsticks.
3. In India, _____________ food isn’t seen clean once it touches your plate.
4. The carnival in Rio de Janeiro is _____________ colourful festival held every year.
5. Young people should play _____________ active role in preserving customs and traditions.
6. Most Vietnamese return _____________ home for Tet as it’s the most important festival in Viet
Nam.
7. On Tet Holiday, Vietnamese people offer their ancestors _____________ five-fruit tray.
8. We put _____________ ornamental tree in front of our house to bring fortune and avoid devil.
9. In Thailand, _____________ head is seen as _____________ most sacred part of the body.
10. In many countries, you must wear _____________ seat belt in the car - it’s _____________ law.
IX. Choose the underlined word or phrase, A, B, C or D that needs correcting.
1. My extended family has a tradition of having the reunions every summer.

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A. My extended family B. a
C. the D. every summer
2. On Halloween, children in us wear different costumes and go asking for sweets.
A. Halloween B. us C. different costumes D. sweets
3. People celebrate Nyepi by spending an 24-hour period of silence and meditation.
A. People B. Nyepi C. an D. silence and meditation
4. Chew and shallow all a food in your mouth before talking or taking a drink.
A. a B. your mouth C. talking D. a
5. The couple is going to hire a MC to host their wedding ceremony next month.
A. The B. a C. their D. next month
6. The photography is strictly prohibited at some sacred places in Asian countries.
A. The B. some C. places D. Asian countries
7. The most popular and widely-regconised Vietnamese national costume is an Ao dai.
A. The B. widely-recognised C. Vietnamese D. an
8. Hoi An Lantern Festival takes place monthly - on 14th day of each lunar month.

84 A. Hoi An Lantern Festival B. monthly 84

th
C. 14 day D. each
X. Complete the text with a / an, the or 0 for zero article.
Hanbok is (1) ______ Korean word that refers to traditional Korean clothing. Hanbok is one of
(2) ______ most beautiful fashion styles in (3) ______ world and has been beloved for over 2,000
years. Although there have been (4) ______ changes throughout its history, the hanbok is still worn
today in Korea for celebrations, weddings, birthdays, and milestones, and represents (5) ______
aesthetic of the Korean people.
The embroidered patterns and the colors used on hanbok represented the ceremonial nature
of the hanbok and social status. Peonies, for example, are often found on wedding dresses to
represent (6) ______ honor and wealth, while dragons and phoenixes were Korean hanbok patterns
reserved for (7) ______ royal clothing.
The colors used in hanbok come from (8) ______ Korean “five colors theory” (“obangsaek” in
Korean), which are based off the harmony between (9) ______ yin and yang and the five elements.
Hanbok’s design also highlights the textures of the natural, hand- woven fabric and the decorations
that mimic flowers, butterflies, and other elements of (10) ______ nature.

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XI. Complete each sentence with an appropriate preposition.

1. Today we’re going to learn ______ customs and traditions.
2. People in Bac Ninh are really looking forward ______ the Lim Festival.
3. They still follow the custom ______ pinning money to the bride’s dress.
4. Vietnamese women often wear ao dai ______ special ocassions.
5. We decided to break ______ tradition and have fish for Thanksgiving dinner.
6. They take their shoes ______ when entering the house to avoid getting the floor dirty.
7. According to tradition, we have fireworks ______ New Year’s Eve.
8. It is the custom in that country ______ women to marry young.
9. We often talk about our day at school or work ______ the dinner table.
10. Gifts should be wrapped ______ colourful paper.

c. SPEAKING
I. Complete the dialogue with the appropriate phrases or sentences (A - H).
A. What should I do at the dinner table?
B. Try to finish everything on your plate.
85 C. and do not sit down until the oldest member has seated. 85
D. Do you mind If I ask you something
E. place your chopsticks or spoon on your bowl or plate.
F. You can ask whatever you want.
G. Do I have to wear formal clothes?
H. What should I do when I'm invited to a Vietnamese house for a meal?
Maria: Hi, Mai! I’m going to take a trip to Viet Nam next month.
(1) ______________________________________ about Vietnamese customs and etiquette?
Mai: Not at all. (2) __________________________________________________________________
Maria: (3) __________________________________________________________________________
Mai: Well, perhaps you should bring a small gift, such as flowers, fruits or sweets wrapped in
colourful paper.
Maria: I will. And what should I wear? (4) _________________________________________________
Mai: No. Just dress conservatively.
Maria: (5) ________________________________________________________________________

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Mai: Wait to be shown where to sit (6) _______________________________________________

Maria: Sure. I’ll remember that one. What else?
Mai: (7) ___________________________ Leaving food on your plate is considered impolite...
When you have finished eating, (8) ____________________________________________________
Maria: Thanks for all.
II. Rearrange the sentences to make a complete conversation.
___ Thanks for teaching me. How about the customs before a meal? I’m a little nervous...
___ No. We sit on a mat with foods on a tray in the middle. Everyone has a bowl and a pair of
chopsticks.
___ Let’s see if I can follow you!
___ No, in my parents’ house. We’ll have a big meal with my family members.
___ Yes, you can use a spoon, but no fork and knife. I’ll teach you to use chopsticks.
___ In your parents’ house? But I don’t know your table manners.
_1_ Hey Jennifer! I would like to invite you to our dinner this Saturday.
___ Chopsticks? I don’t know how to use them. Is there any fork, knife or spoon?

86 ___ Don’t worry! You’re a foreigner, so you don’t have to know the manners clearly. 86
___ Wow, that’s nice. Where? In a restaurant?
___ It’ll be OK, Jennifer! Just follow my directions when we get home.
___ I should learn something first though. Do you sit around a table?

d. READING
I. Fill in each blank with a word from the box.
simply bow given rather addressing usual wai with
Thais often greet one another with a wai - a palms-together gesture accompanied by a (1)
_________, slight bend of knees and smile. ‘Khun’ is used as a prefix, instead of Mr and Ms when (2)
________ people. It can be used for both males and females. For example, a 30-year-old male,
Kullawat Chaowanawatee, will (3) _________be Khun Kullawat. Every Thai has a nickname, and once
you are more familiar with people it is (4) _________for them to encourage you to call them by their
nickname instead of their first name. Most Thai nicknames are single syllable words which are (5)
_________ from birth and can be Thai or English words, colours, fruits, or shortenings of their first
name.

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Thais don’t use ‘please’, ‘thank you’ and ‘hello’. Instead of saying ‘thank you’, ‘hello’ or ‘good
bye’, many Thais simply smile or offer a (6) _________. The equivalent of ‘please’ in Thai is complex
and varies (7) _________ the rank and status one is speaking to. Many Thais ask ‘where are you
going?’ (8) _________ than saying ‘How are you?’
II. Read the passage carefully and choose the correct answers.
GIFT-GIVING CUSTOMS IN VIETNAM
Gift giving is important in Vietnam because of the significance of interpersonal relationships in
Vietnamese culture.
First and foremost, do not encourage corruption. There is a clear cut between giftgiving and
bribery. Nevertheless, it is common in Vietnam for exchanging small gifts on certain occasions such as
anniversary, Tet holiday... to express your respect, love, appreciation or gratitude.
Gift-giving customs depend on the context. If it is a private gift for one Vietnamese partner you
should give the gift at a private occasion. If you have a gift for the whole office or company, you
should give it after the business meeting with the whole office’s employee.
Do not wrap a gift in the black paper because this colour is unlucky and associated with

87 funerals in Vietnam. Gifts that symbolize cutting such as scissors, knives and other sharp objects 87
should be avoided because they mean the cutting of the relationship.
Vietnamese may or may not open these gifts when they are received; leave the option to
them. You will also receive gifts and should defer to your host as to whether you should open it when
received or not. Regardless of when it is opened or what it is, profuse thanks are always appropriate.
1. According to the passage, why is gift giving important in Vietnam?
a. Because it helps to establish a friendship.
b. Because it’s common in Vietnamese culture.
c. Because it’s the best way to build up a stable relationship.
d. Because personal relationships play a vital role in Vietnamese culture.
2. Which of the followings should not be a reason for gift giving?
a. To show appreciation b. To bribe somebody
c. To express gratitude d. To show affection
3. When giving a gift, you should _________.
a. wrap it in black or white paper
b. give it in the business meeting

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c. never give sharp objects, such as knives or scissors

d. avoid giving it at a private occasion
4. When receiving a gift, you should _________.
a. always say “thank you” b. try to find what is it
c. open it in front of the giver d. ask your host to open it
5. Which of the following is NOT true about gift giving customs in Vietnam?
a. Gift giving is a good way of strengthening relationships.
b. Gifts for your partners should be given at private occasions.
c. You should avoid giving anything sharp.
d. It is considered rude not to open the gift in front of the giver.

e. WRITING
I. Make sentences from the cues given.
1. If/ you/ visit/ Vietnamese home/ you/ should/ bring/ small gift.
___________________________________________________________________________________
2. Known as/ ojigil bowing/ be/ important custom/ Japan.
88 ___________________________________________________________________________________ 88
3. The Vietnamese/ shake hands/ both/ when/ greet/ and/ when/ say/ good-bye.
___________________________________________________________________________________
4. Women/ Japan/ mainly/ wear/ kimono/ special occasions/ like/ wedding ceremonies.
___________________________________________________________________________________
5. It/ usually/ take/ us/ hour/ travel/ motorbike/ Ha Giang/ see/ buckwheat flower.
___________________________________________________________________________________
6. we/ have to/ follow/ tradition/ clean/ house/ before/ Tet?
___________________________________________________________________________________
7. Canadian people/ celebrate/ Thanksgiving/ second Monday/ October.
___________________________________________________________________________________
8. We/ have/ family tradition/ eat dinner/ together/ New Year’s Eve.
___________________________________________________________________________________
II. Rewrite the sentences without changing their meaning. Use the words in brackets.
1. Although Hue is far from Ha Noi, Peter often travels to Ha Noi by motorbike. (but)

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 Hue
2. Christian went to Soc Trang to join Ok Om Bok Festival. (because)
 Christian
3. My mother is really interested in admiring the flowers in spring. (fond)
 My mother
4. He should join the festival in order to play Vietnamese folk games. (so)
 He
5. Let’s put a kumquat ưee in our yard on Tet Holiday. (suggested)
 The children
6. I think we should visit flower villages to watch the blooming flowers. (idea)
 It’s a
7. Huong Pagoda Festival is more interesting than other festivals in my opinion. (most)
 Huong Pagoda Festival
8. They don’t have much knowledge about American table manners. (a little)
 They only

89 9. Brian was really interested in Vietnamese cultural and spiritual events. (interest) 89
 Brian
10. What about going to Dien Bien to see the Hoa Ban Festival? (we)
 Why

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TEST FOR UNIT 5

I. Choose the word whose underlined port is pronounced differently from that of the others
1. a. wrap b. worship c. wear d. wife
2. a. chopstick b. tradition c. knife d. gift
3. a. land b. thank c. longevity d. ceremony
4. a. tray b. party c. place d. table
5. a. coastal b. custom c. compliment d. circle
II. Complete each sentence with a suitable word. The first letter is given.
1. Good table m_______________ make for a more pleasant meal!
2. Many family t_______________ have been passed down through generations.
3. We are Christian, so our family has the c_______________ of giving presents at Christmas.
4. We decided to b_______________ with tradition and have fish for Thanksgiving dinner.
5. The tradition of ancestor w_______________ stretches back thousands of years.
6. Vietnamese people often go to the pagoda to p_______________ for a lucky new year.
7. They hang a red l_______________ in front of the door to drive off bad luck.
90 8. Many people gathered in front of the shop to watch the lion dance p_______________. 90
III. Choose the best answer a, b, c or d to complete the sentence.
1. There’s a tradition of having parties _________ Christmas.
a. on b. at c. in d. for
2. Shishimai, the Japanese traditional lion dance, is performed to bring good luck and _________ evil
spirits.
a. run after b. drive for c. take down d. chase away
3. _________ British customs and traditions are famous all over the world.
a. 0 b. The c. Any d. A
4. Christmas Eve is the day _________ people in some countries exchange their presents.
a. that b. which c. what d. when
5. Family meals allow for conversation and strengthen the _________.
a. family members b. family gathering c. family bond d. family reunion
6. In a _________ with tradition, the ceremony did not take place in Rome, but in Seoul.
a. keeping b. practice c. break d. form

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7. The villagers put _________ bamboo pole in the front yard of _________ communal house.
a. a - the b. a - a c. the - a d. the – the
8. You _________ place your chopsticks on your rice bowl when finished with a meal. Don’t rest them
on the table.
a. shouldn’t b. could c. should d. mustn’t
9. In the UK, families often celebrate Christmas together, _________ they can watch each other open
their presents.
a. though b. so c. because d. but
10. ‘We don’t sweep the floor on the first day of Tet.’ ‘_________ Why?’
a. What a bad day! b. It’s a good idea. c. You’re right. d. You’re kidding!
IV. Choose the underlined word or phrase, A, B, C or D that needs correcting.
1. We have decided to travel to Da Nang by the plane to see the fireworks festival.
A. have decided B. to C. the plane D. the fireworks festival
2. According for tradition, the first person to enter the house on New Year’s Eve brings either good
luck or bad luck.

91 A. According for B. to enter C. brings D. or 91

3. The traditional Vietnamese wedding is one of the most important ceremony in Vietnamese culture.
A. traditional B. wedding C. ceremony D. culture
4. The Japanese are familiar with the western custom to eat a turkey dinner for Christmas.
A. are B. with C. to eat D. for
5. In Viet Nam the engagement is sometimes considered much important than the wedding.
A. In B. is C. much D. than
6. Dressing well is important in South Korea; it is considered a sign of respectful.
A. Dressing B. well C. considered D. respectful
7. The Malagasy have an unique tradition called Famadihana, or the “turning of the bones.”
A. The Malagasy B. an unique C. called D. or the
8. He asked me anxiously what he has to do when visiting a Vietnamese home.
A. anxiously B. has to C. visiting D. Vietnamese home
V. Supply the correct tense and form of the verbs in brackets.
1. Last week, we ________________ (have) dinner with a French family.
2. I hate eating with spoon because it ________________ (cause) trouble when I eat fish.

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3. In the past, both men and women ________________ (wear) ao dai.

4. The speaker ________________ (give) a presentation on Vietnamese customs and traditions right
now.
5. She can’t join the family gathering as she ________________ (travel) to Europe this weekend.
6. Our family ________________ (have) dinner together every Saturday night. It’s our family tradition.
7. I hope I ________________ (have) a chance to visit your country soon.
8. When in Japan, you should avoid ________________ (eat) on the go.
9. I think you should ________________ (go) to the doctor. You look terrible.
10. The Japanese tend ________________ (use) their mobile phones discreetly when in public.
VI. Write the correct form of the words in brackets.
1. ________________ when dining, South Koreans use cushions to sit on the floor and eat from a low
table. (tradition)
2. Hung Kings’ Temple Festival attracts lots of festival ________________ every year. (go)
3. Tet is the privileged occasion for family members to ________________. (reunion)
4. Before every Christmas, we often go shopping for tree ________________. (ornamental)

92 5. ________________ for the Lunar New Year begin weeks before the festival. (prepare) 92
6. The children in our family are always ________________ to their elders. (respect)
7. Custom ________________ from tradition in some aspects such as scale and time. (different)
8. The tribe has different ________________ masks for each ceremony. (ceremony)
9. At the end of the service, a lot of ________________ streamed down to the altar. (worship)
10. We decorated the house with flowers and ________________ lights. (decorate)
VII. Match the questions with the answers.
1. Hi, Dan. How was your trip to Italy? a. I did but Italian table manners are so
complicated.
2. I heard you had a new friend. Is she Italian? b. Yeah. I was a bit confused about Italian table
manners.
3. You went to her home? How exciting! c. Yes. Her name’s Sofia. I went to her home
last Saturday.
4. How was the dinner? d. Oh, it was great.
5. Why? Was there any problem? e. Well, I was invited for dinner.
6. Really? Why not search them on Google f. You’re kidding! But thank you anyway.

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beforehand?
7. And now? Do you know everything about them? g. The food was good, but I felt somewhat
embarrassed.
8. I can help you to practice it. Let’s go to an Italian h. No, not everything. However, I’ll try my best
restaurant. next time.
VIII. Choose the word which best fits each gap.
Vietnamese people often enjoy sharing a meal with the whole family. The meal is often shared
with loved ones over a lot of (1) ________________. They eat from bowls and use chopsticks and
spoons but chopsticks still remain as the most popular means of eating. Learn how to use chopsticks
and how to put them (2) ________________when not using. For instance, you should place them
neatly on the table or on the bowl when breaking to drink or speak. When finished (3)
________________ a meal, rest your chopsticks on your rice bowl. Sticking the chopsticks straight up
from a bowl of rice is a taboo because it indicates (4) ________________incense. It is also best to
keep in mind that (5) ________________the chopsticks on the side of a bowl is considered rude.
You should also wait to be seated in the dining table and ask the elders to eat first (6) _____________

93 this is a mark of honor to them. The women normally sit right next to the rice cooker to serve rice for 93
the diners. It is a common table (7) ________________ and a sign of affection and care to pick up
food for each other.
Before starting the meal, Vietnamese have a catchphrase: “Chúc mọi người ăn ngon miệng”. It
means “Have a nice meal”. This not only shows your politeness (8) ________________ also your
eagerness before enjoying the food.
1. a. laugh b. laughing c. laughed d. laughter
2. a. cleanly b. easily c. properly d. mainly
3. a. with b. by c. to d. up
4. a. holiday b. birthday c. wedding d. funeral
5. a. fitting b. kicking c. tapping d. cutting
6. a. although b. because c. as long as d. when
7. a. setting b. manner c. dining d. style
8. a. but b. so c. and d. or
IX. Read the text carefully, then answer the questions.
BRITISH STRANGE FOOD HABITS

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Perhaps you know about some of the food that British people eat, but do you know about
their strange food habits? People from different parts of the UK and from different classes call their
meals by different names. They call the midday meal, lunch or dinner and the evening meal, dinner,
supper or tea. Tea is also sandwiches, cakes and tea (the drink) at four or five o’clock. What do the
British eat when they want something quick and easy? Baked beans, of course! You must warm them
in a pan and eat them on toast.
Cheddar cheese is so popular in Britain that people run after it down a hill! This is a very
strange English sport. You can see it once a year in Coopers Hill. There are four races, three for men
and one for women. At the start of the race someone drops a big, round cheese down a very, very
steep hill. About 15 racers run and jump after it. The first person to get to the bottom of the hill gets
the cheese.
There is another strange race that the British have. It is a special Pancake Day race. Only
women can run in the race. They must run with a pancake in a frying pan and throw it in the air three
times. After the race, many English families eat pancakes with lemon juice and sugar.
Be careful if you have Christmas dinner with a British family - some of their Christmas customs

94 are risky! Be very careful! Eat the Christmas pudding slowly if you don’t want to eat a coin! When they 94
are making their delicious dessert, British people put a coin in the mixture. The person who finds the
coin in their pudding will be rich and happy.
1. What do the British call the evening meal?
___________________________________________________________________________________
2. What do the British have with baked beans?
__________________________________________________________________________________
3. How often do they hold the Cheddar cheese sport event?
__________________________________________________________________________________
4. What is the prize if you win the Cheddar cheese race?
__________________________________________________________________________________
5. Who can take part in a pancake race?
__________________________________________________________________________________
6. Why is it dangerous to eat Christmas pudding?
__________________________________________________________________________________
X. Rewrite the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first one.

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1. French people like to drink coffee at breakfast.

 The
2. I would like you to help me to put the chair away.
 Do you mind
3. They live really far from their home town, but they show up at every family reunion.
 Although
4. Is it really necessary for us to finish the work today?
 Do we
5. Learning about other cultures is one of my interests.
 I’m
6. Our family has a custom of watching the fireworks on New Year’s Eve.
 It’s the
7. It’s very difficult to leave here after such a long time.
 It isn’t
8. Let’s get together and talk about our presentation before we do it in class.

95  Why 95

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UNIT 6.
LIFESTYLES
A. PHONETICS
I. Say the words aloud, then circle the correct sound.
__other __ay __eakfast __idge
im__ove __ead __ogramme __epare
cele__ate __ecious __occoli __oblem
__actice __iefly __algea ex__ess
/br/ /pr/

96 II. Complete the sentences with the words in part I. Then read them aloud. 96
1. My ________________ wants to find a course that can ________________ his social skills.
2. They always ________________ to God before ________________, lunch and dinner.
3. Did you have to ________________ for your upcoming ________________ test?
4. This new ________________ can give people useful advice to solve ________________.
5. She has a weird habit of eating a slice of ________________ with ________________.
6. The police ________________ explained what happened to the ________________ diamond.
7. It is a common ________________ here to ________________ Christmas with family.
8. The mayor ________________ his desire to build a new ________________ in town.

B. VOCABULARY and GRAMMAR

I. Match the word or phrase with its definition.
1. lifestyle a. a usual or accepted way of doing things
2. native art b. the way in which someone lives and works
3. dogsled c. to have something happen to you, or to do or feel something
4. tribal dance d. the artwork created by the traditional people inhabiting a land

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5. greeting e. a vehicle that slides over snow and is pulled by dogs

6. mushers f. a dance practised by a certain tribal group
7. common practice g. people who drive dogsleds
8. experience h. a usual or accepted way of doing things
III. Complete the sentences with the words and phrases from the box.
weaving common practice crafts tribal dance mushers
healthy lifestyle street food experience dogsleds native art
1. The villagers mainly make a living by making traditional ________________.
2. The tourists are excited because they will ________________ driving a dogsled.
3. Those local artisans are skillful at ________________ bamboo baskets.
4. The museum displays a collection of ________________ from different tribes in Australia.
5. ________________ are often used as a type of freight transportation in Alaska.
6. In the United States, it is ________________ to leave a tip for a service provider.
7. Banh mi is one of the best ________________ in Vietnam.
8. Kapa Haka is the traditional ________________ of the Maori people of New Zealand.
9. The Iditarod Trail Sled Dog Race attracts many ________________ from all over the world.
97 97
10. You should adopt a ________________ that includes regular exercise, a balanced diet, and proper
sleep.
III. Complete the sentences with the correct words. Use the pictures as a clue.
1. To conduct ________________ learning you need to have access to
the internet.

2. When we see someone we know, we usually exchange __________.

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3. An ________________ is a house made from blocks of hard snow or

ice.

4. My mother often makes ________________ with ketchup.

5. They were skilled in the ________________ of bamboo baskets.

6. That race, called Centennial Iditarod, attracted 59

98 98

7. They perform Quan Ho ________________ songs in traditional

festivals in Bac Ninh.

8. Jenny is interested in making paper ________________.

IV. Complete the sentences with the future simple form of the verbs in the box.
take visit celebrate stay have win
not attend help not do not tell join not choose
1. I think that I ________________ the concert tomorrow night. I feel sick.

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2. She ________________ cereals for breakfast if there’s nothing else in the fridge.
3. ______ you ______ us for the after-party when the show finishes?
4. The tour guide ________________ the tourists to the famous Bat Trang Pottery Village.
5. The teacher is sure that most students ________________ to study online.
6. _______ Peter _______ us with the project on greetings around the world?
7. _______ you _______ in an igloo when you travel to Alaska?
8. My family ________________ our relatives in the south of France this summer.
9. I will stay at home the whole Sunday and I ________________ anything at all.
10. She ________________ this spelling bee contest if she spells the last word correctly.
11. How _______ Jack _______ New Year in a foreign country?
12. Please promise that you ________________ my secret to anyone in class.
V. Reorder the words to make sentences.
1. will/ tribal groups/ culture/ This project/ revive/ help/ their/ to/ the
___________________________________________________________________________________
2. you/ exercise/ your/ If/ have to/ you/ about/ regularly/ health/ worry/ won’t

99 ___________________________________________________________________________________ 99
3. I/ the UK/ hopes/ to attend/ that/ come/ My sister/ will/ graduation ceremony/ her/ to
___________________________________________________________________________________
4. the/ traditional dances/ villagers/ festival/ perform/ Will/ tonight’s/ at?
___________________________________________________________________________________
5. we/ beef dishes/ guests/ happy/ if/ Our/ them/ Indian/ with/ be/ serve/ won’t
___________________________________________________________________________________
6. spring festival/ your class/ week/ song/ school’s/ sing/ the/ Which/ at/ next/ will?
___________________________________________________________________________________
7. The/ them/ Easter eggs/ and/ the/ parents/ look/ hide/ will/ for/ children/ the/ will
___________________________________________________________________________________
8. raining/ won’t/ heavily/ picnic/ It’s/ today/ outside/ have/ the/ we/ beach/ so/ at/ a
___________________________________________________________________________________
VI. Underline the correct answer.
1. Will they apply / Are they applying / Do they apply advanced technology in agriculture in the
future?

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2. Let’s hang out! I am not doing / don't do / won't do anything today.

3. The online conference starts / will start / is starting at 8 o’clock on Friday.
4. Do they broadcast / Are they broadcasting / Will they broadcast that documentary at 10 o’clock this
Saturday?
5. Do we experience / Are we experiencing / Will we experience a daily life in a fishing village in our
next trip?
6. Where are you going / will you go / do you go this summer vacation, Becky?
7. Cindy has to study hard because she will take / takes / is taking exams next week.
8. The villagers gather to watch the daily news which will begin / is beginning / begins at 7 p.m.
9. I think many mushers aren't coming / don't come / won't come because of the sudden snowstorm.
10. You are mistaken. The movie won't start / isn't starting / doesn't start at 5. It’s at 6.
11. Sorry, the museum is closed. ~ I will return / return / am returning tomorrow.
12. We will plan /plan / are planning to visit Duong Lam Ancient Village this Tet.
VII. Complete the sentences with the verbs in brackets, using the first conditional.
1. The host will offer you foods and drinks if he ________________ (invite) you to his home.

100 2. If you come to the gallery on Monday, you ________________ (not see) the collection of native art. 100
3. What will those tourists do if the tribal chief ________________ (ask) them to dance?
4. The Japanese customer ________________ (not be) pleased if you don’t greet her the right way.
5. ________________ (you / keep) everything in the kitchen clean if I let you bake there?
6. If you use your smartphone too much, you ________________ (have) eye problems.
7. Will it help to reduce the farmers’ workload if they ______________ (use) the combine harvester?
8. My mom ________________ (allow) me to study Korean if my test results are good.
9. At this restaurant, if the customers are rude, the waiters ________________ (not serve) them any
dishes.
10. If An ________________ (not learn) British table manners, he will make mistakes during dinner
time.
VIII. Fill in each blank with IF or UNLESS.
1. Samantha’s parents won’t let her join the field trip _________ she gets good marks.
2. _________ the festival attracts many tourists, it will create more jobs for the villagers.
3. _________ you keep eating too much fast food, you will get overweight.
4. We will arrive at the theatre 30 minutes late _________ we go right now.

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5. Visitors will have to drive on the left _________ they travel to Singapore.
6. The kid won’t get any new toys _________ he learns to respect old people.
7. _________ this project succeeds, our traditional arts and crafts will be revived.
8. A musher will provide us with a dogsled ride _________ the snow falls too heavily.
9. _________ there are special occasions, the tribes won’t perform the tribal dances.
10. They will try the street food at this night market _________ they are still hungry.
11. You will experience playing the bagpipes _________ you travel to Scotland.
12. _________ the weather is bad, their wedding ceremony will be held in the county park.
IX. Make sentences from the cues given, using the first conditional.
1. If/ Katie/ visit/ Thanh Ha Pottery Village/ she/ make/ ceramic vase.
__________________________________________________________________________________
2. that athlete/ donate/ his prize money/ his home town/ if/ he/ win/ competition?
__________________________________________________________________________________
3. People/ develop/ spine disorders/ unless/ they/ sit and walk/ properly.
__________________________________________________________________________________

101 4. I/ take/ walk/ around/ my neighbourhood/ if/I/ not have/ anything else/ do. 101
__________________________________________________________________________________
5. Unless/ there/ be/ storm/ the tourists/ go boating/ Lake Tahoe.
__________________________________________________________________________________
6. The child/ not be/ allowed/ go out/ Sunday/ unless/ he/ behave/ better/ class.
__________________________________________________________________________________
7. He/ think/ he/ have/ stomachache/ if/ he/ eat/ famous/ Italian/ blue cheese.
__________________________________________________________________________________
8. We/ not arrive/ on time/ the opening ceremony/ unless/ we/ take/ the taxi.
__________________________________________________________________________________
9. If/ no one/ choose/ this topic/ those students/ give/ a presentation/ Mongolians.
__________________________________________________________________________________
10. Unless/ Martha/ learn/ English/ seriously/ she/ not get/ job/ she/ want.
__________________________________________________________________________________
X. Match the sentences.
1. If we have enough time, a. it will badly affect your health.

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2. Unless there is a power outage, b. unless there are special occasions.

3. Will you pick up the phone c. unless the local authority takes serious action.
4. We will be able to see the full moon d. if I call you at around 7 p.m.?
5. Floating lanterns are forbidden in the area e. students will do the online test at the school’s
computer lab.
6. If more tourists visit the village, f. they can maintain their traditional arts and
crafts.
7. If you don’t pay attention to your diet, g. we will organise a series of folk games during
the festival
8. Some of the old customs will disappear h. if the clouds don’t cover the sky.
XI. Use the correct form of the word given to complete each sentence.
1. The villagers asked the tourists to join in the ________________ dance. (tribe)
2. The traditional ________________ of the Maori in New Zealand is really interesting. (greet)
3. Although they both speak English, lifestyles can ________________ between the US and the UK.
(different)
102 102
4. It’s ________________ to learn about different lifestyles around the world. (fascinate)
5. Tourists love this restaurant because it uses ________________ grown vegetables. (local)
6. Let’s discuss the ________________ of our presentation on the Native Americans. (introduce)
7. The Indians often ________________ curry with rice and bread. (service)
8. Despite modern technology, the villagers try to preserve their ______________ traditions. (culture)
9. The British ________________ have a tea break in the afternoon. (typical)
10. The group will present a Korean traditional _____________ called buknori drum dance. (perform)
XII. Complete each sentence with an appropriate preposition.
1. In the US, do you call someone _____________ their first name or last name?
2. My father is _____________ the habit of reading a newspaper every morning.
3. Vietnamese people often buy breakfast from vendors _____________ the street.
4. The lifestyle in the countryside is very different _____________ that in the city.
5. Carol prefers studying online because she likes staying home.
6. If we’re not _____________ a hurry, we will visit some night markets in Bangkok.
7. Is dogsled still being used _____________ a means of transport in Alaska?

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8. Which country is famous _____________ tulips and windmills?

9. Pad thai is often served _____________ lime and crushed roasted peanuts.
10. Which country does she come _____________? She always greets others by bowing.

c. SPEAKING
I. Complete the conversation with the appropriate sentences (A-H)
A. What other activities do you have?
B. Yes. It's the time for everyone to enjoy with friends and families.
C. I can't wait until Sunday!
D. Of course. I'd love to.
E. How're things in England?
F. I'll teach you some of our interesting traditions.
G. Sure. There are so many things for me to experience.
H. What do the British usually eat at Easter?
Alex: Hi, Khanh. (1) ____________________________________________________
Khanh: Everything is good. I really like it here. The lifestyle is different from that in my country.
103 Alex: Really? 103
Khanh: (2) ____________________________________________________
Alex: I’m glad to hear that. Hey, would you like to come to my house on Sunday?
Khanh: (3) ____________________________________________________What occasion is it?
Alex: We’re having dinner to celebrate Easter.
Khanh: How interesting! (4) ____________________________________________________
Alex: Roast lamb is our traditional main dish, and we like serving it with vegetables.
Khanh: Yummy. Does everyone in the family gather for Easter?
Alex: (5) ____________________________________________________
Khanh: I see. (6) ____________________________________________________
Alex: Well, my favourite one is the Easter Egg hunt. The parents will hide eggs around the house, then
the children will look for them.
Khanh: That’s fascinating. (7) ____________________________________________________
Alex: Me too. (8) ____________________________________________________
Khanh: That would be nice. See you!

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Alex: Okay. See you!

II. Put the sentences into the correct order.
___ Well, I find studying online more convenient because the English centre is very far from my
house.
___ Yes, certainly. However, it’s easy to concentrate when learning online.
_1_ What were you doing at 10 a.m. yesterday, Susan?
___ Of course there are. Last week when I was studying online, the power went off.
___ I was studying English online.
___ Half of it. Do you think that technology will negatively affect our way of learning?
___ Online? Why don’t you go to classroom?
___ You’re right. Well, it’s time for my online maths class. I’ll see you later.
___ OK. Enjoy your lesson!
___ I see. But I prefer studying offline because I can meet and talk with other classmates.
___ I agree with you on this. Are there any disadvantages to online learning?
___ Oh no. Did you miss the whole lesson?

104 ___ Maybe. I think students will depend too much on their smartphone and laptop. 104
d. READING
I. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase from the box.
tend concentrated outgoing attachment
benefit nature junk food effects
Lifestyle is a way of living. It is how we live our everyday life. Lifestyles can be classified into
many categories.
* Active Lifestyle: If you are (1) _______________ or extroverted, this is your lifestyle. An
active lifestyle includes exercising, socialising, and doing the work you love. It makes you feel good.
* Healthy Lifestyle: A healthy lifestyle includes eating nutritious food. You avoid (2)
_______________ or fast food. To keep your body active, you eat a nutritious diet. This diet keeps
you energetic.
* Solo Lifestyle: People who like to be alone (3) _______________ to have this lifestyle. These
people like to earn, travel, eat, etc., alone. This makes them more responsible.

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* Rural Lifestyle: Rural lifestyle is followed in villages. The daily routine of these people
includes doing farm-related work. They live close to (4) _______________. It is a peaceful way of
living life. Some people are happier to live this kind of lifestyle, with no glamour and no social status.
* Urban Lifestyle: Urban lifestyle is more (5) _______________ in cities. This is a fast-paced
lifestyle. City life is often tough but exciting. If you want a fast-paced, exciting life, then this is for you.
* Nomadic Lifestyle: A nomad is someone who wanders from one place to another. A nomadic
lifestyle avoids (6) _______________ with anything. As you move from place to place, you are
comfortable in that.
* Digital Lifestyle: People are going more and more digital as time passes. We know that the
digital lifestyle can (7) _______________ us in many ways. You can connect with way more people
than in real life. You can have way more opportunities than in real life. However, a digital lifestyle can
have harmful (8) _______________ as well.
II. Read the text carefully, then choose the correct answers.
For 3,000 years, Mongolians have lived in the rural areas, adopting a pastoral way of life,
moving in the search of new pastures. They depend largely on their livestock for a living and sustain

105 themselves with what they can get from the land. Today, approximately half of Mongolia’s population 105
is still roaming the vast plains living in the ger and moving their campings several times a year.
Nomadic life thrives in summer and survives in winter. When temperatures are warm, they work hard
on their farms to get milk and make airag (fermented mare’s milk), consuming meat from their
sheeps and goats. Once winter comes, temperatures dip extremely low and they stay indoors and
survive on horse meat.
With the rise of technology, changes in the Mongolian nomadic lifestyle are almost inevitable.
While they still lead their lifestyle as pastoral herders, many use motorbikes to herd cattle and horses.
To move their homes, trucks have taken the place of ox carts. Solar panels are also becoming an
addition to the ger, giving them access to electricity without being confined to one place. The nomads
use solar energy to power television sets and mobile phones.
1. Mongolians regularly move from place to place in order to _______________.
a. look for food for their family
b. find pastures for their livestock
c. herd their cattle and horses
d. sell their animals and farm products

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2. How many Mongolians still live a traditional nomadic life?

a. Close to 40 percent b. More than 50 percent
c. About 50 percent d. Approximately 60 percent
3. Airag is _______________.
a. a beverage made from horse’s milk b. yoghurt made from camel’s milk
c. cheese made of cow’s milk d. cream made from horse’s milk
4. What is the Mongolian’s main food in winter?
a. airag b. goat meat c. sheep meat d. horse meat
5. Today, Mongolian nomads _______________.
a. don’t lead their lifestyle as herders any more
b. use ox carts to move their homes
c. use solar energy to power electronic devices
d. have the advantage of urban life
6. Which of the followings is NOT true about Mongolian nomads?
a. They live in the countryside.

106 b. They live by and for their livestock. 106

c. They work hard in winter when the temperature dip very low.
d. They are now taking advantage of technology.

e. WRITING
I. Reorder the words to make sentences.
1. It/ common practice/ a/ a/ you’re/ is/ house/ someone’s/ small gift/ invited/ to bring/ when/ to
___________________________________________________________________________________
2. how/ tribal dance/ are/ tourists/ The/ the/ their/ teaching/ to/ do/ native people
___________________________________________________________________________________
3. If/ the gallery/ enough/ we/ to/ native art/ we/ of/ have/ the collection/ will/ time/ see/ to/ go
___________________________________________________________________________________
4. traditional/ restaurant/ Indian cuisine/ well known/ That/ for/ is/ serving
___________________________________________________________________________________
5. Asian/ common/ greeting/ a/ countries/ Bowing/ way/ some/ of/ is/ in
___________________________________________________________________________________

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 107

6. heavily/ They/ falls/ will/ too/ spend/ snow/ a/ the/ night/ unless/ in/ igloo/ an
___________________________________________________________________________________
7. habit/ card/ people/ of/ everything/ Many/ paying/ young/ ỉn/ by/ the/ are
___________________________________________________________________________________
8. traditional/ struggling/ maintain/ Some/ their/ handicraft villages/ to/ lifestyle/ are
___________________________________________________________________________________
II. Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence
1. Learn the common greeting of the tribe, or you will disrespect them.
 If you
2. It’s easy to concentrate when learning online, so Mandy takes many online courses.
 Mandy
3. No other dances in the region are as impressive as this tribal dance.
 This tribal dance is the
4. Some people find it difficult to live a nomadic life.
 It’s

107 5. If those students don’t behave well, they won’t be allowed to go on a field trip. 107
 Unless
6. In spite of having no interest in native art, Sylvia still enjoyed the exhibition.
 Although
5. Does Bangkok have any night markets?
 Are
6. It’s good for us to maintain our traditional customs.
 We
7. The local people will have a leisurely coffee unless they are in a hurry.
 If
8. Why don’t we learn to make some traditional British dishes?
 Let’s

107
 108

108 108

108
 109

TEST FOR UNIT 6

I. Choose the word whose underlined port is pronounced differently from that of the others
1. a. common b. become c. notice d. country
2. a. study b. adult c. hug d. student
3. a. handshake b. balance c. around d. Japan
4. a. bowed b. greeted c. called d. served
5. a. native b. simple c. practice d. tribal
II. Complete the sentences with a word or phrase from the box.
native art common practice lifestyle tribal dance greeting
in the habit of weaving street food dogsled interactive lessons
1. Those Alaskan huskies are specially trained for the _____________________ racing.
2. The region successfully promoted its culture by displaying a collection of _____________________.
3. They had a hard time getting used to the _____________________ of the city.
4. Many young people are _____________________ listening to music while studying.
5. Do you know any learning apps which I can have _____________________?
109 6. There are many interesting ways of _____________________ around the world. 109
7. The tourists gathered around the bonfire and watched the _____________________.
8. Going to work by bike has become a _____________________ in this small town.
9. The _____________________ in the night markets was the best part of my visit to Bangkok.
10. The art of carpet _____________________ in Iran originated more than 2,500 years ago.
III. Choose the best answer a, b, c or d to complete the sentence.
1. The gondola is widely used _________ a means of transport in Venice.
a. like b. as c. to d. at
2. In Viet Nam, students usually greet teachers _________ their title, not their names.
a. for b. with c. on d. by
3. We’re learning about the role of spices in Indian _________ today.
a. cuisine b. cooking c. people d. serving
4. In the UK, fish and chips is often _________ with tartar sauce and vinegar.
a. tasted b. bought c. served d. made

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 110

5. _________ modern houses are more convenient, the villagers still keep their traditional communal
house.
a. Although b. Because c. If d. When
6. We usually have a _________ picnic lunch on Sunday, talking and lazing around.
a. normally b. leisurely c. hurriedly d. typically
7. What is your plan this summer? ~ I’m not sure. I think I _________ to the north.
a. am going b. go c. went d. will go
8. Most students said they didn’t like studying _________ because they couldn’t meet their friends.
a. live b. offline c. online d. directly
9. The local authority is thinking of a way to keep the tribal dances _________.
a. alive b. awake c. active d. existent
10. ‘Drinking black tea for breakfast is a longstanding British custom.’ - ‘_________’
a. Sure. You’re welcome. b. That’s fascinating!
c. Right. Good idea! d. Certainly, you’re right.
IV. Choose the underlined word or phrase, A, B, C or D that needs correcting.

110 1. I found it very excited to take part in the spring festival of Bai Dinh Pagoda. 110
A. found B. excited C. in D. of
2. I like both online learning or offline learning as each has its own advantages.
A. both B. or C. as D. has
3. Unless you don’t study hard enough, your marks in English will be low.
A. don’t study B. enough C. in D. will be
4. Every morning, my mom is busy cooking and preparing my lunchbox and she takes me to school.
A. Every B. cooking C. preparing D. she takes
5. Which greeting do you like much, kissing each other’s cheek or shaking hands?
A. Which greeting B. do C. much D. or
6. The native people have its own special styles of tribal dances and drumming.
A. The B. people C. its D. drumming
7. If the weather is pleasant, tourists probably walk around Hoi An Ancient Town.
A. If B. is C. probably walk D. Hoi An Ancient Town
8. Make pottery is a great way to experience the lifestyle of the artisans in the village.
A. Make pottery B. to experience C. of D. in

110
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9. Curry is die popularest dish in India, which is served with rice or bread.
A. Curry B. popularest C. which D. with
10. We hope the new mayor do his best to maintain our traditional weaving in the future.
A. hope B. do C. to maintain D. weaving
V. Write the correct tense or form of the verbs in brackets.
1. The students are happy because they _________________ (take) the last test yesterday.
2. How often _________________ (she/ study) English online? ~ Twice a week.
3. The local authority _________________ (arrange) a meeting on promotion of the traditional craft
soon.
4. Why _________________ (you/ not answer) my phone call last night?
5. My mother _________________ (fly) home today. I hope she _________________ (join) Easter
dinner with me.
6. The Vietnamese generally _________________ (shake) hands both when greeting and saying good-
bye.
7. When I _________________ (be) a child, I _________________ (attend) Hung King Temple Festival

111 every year. 111

8. _________________ (he/ play) some folk games with us at tomorrow’s festival?
9. The tour guide recommended us _________________ (visit) Moc Chau in November.
10. At the moment, everyone is busy _________________ (review) for the final exam.
VI. Supply the correct form of the words in brackets.
1. Could you tell me some _________________ means of transport around the world? (usual)
2. The _________________ of the event hopes to revive the traditional folk dance of the village.
(organise)
3. We found it lovely that the mountainous children greeted us _________________. (warm)
4. I didn’t receive any _________________ to join the class in Google Meet. (invite)
5. Online _________________ has both advantages and disadvantages. (learn)
6. The native people _________________ use basic tools to do the farming. (simple)
7. _________________ of culture can be achieved by keeping cultural elements, such as food,
clothing, shelter, and language. (preserve)
8. That athlete won’t be able to join the competition unless he _________________ better.
(behaviour)

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 112

9. In my country, we _________________ wave our hands to greet each other. (normal)

10. She’s highly _________________ in communicating with tribal groups. (experience)
VII. Complete the conversation with the appropriate sentences (A-E).
A. Definitely. I have more energy throughout the day, and I'm sleeping better at night.
B. Here's to a healthier lifestyle!
C. Yeah, I am trying to live a healthier lifestyle. I eat more fruits and vegetables, and I exercise
regularly.
D. That's a great start! And If you ever need some help, I'm here to support you.
E. I do a mix of cardio. I go for a jog or a bike ride a few times a week, and I do some
weightlifting too.
Hanh: Hi David, you seem fit and happy.
David: (1) __________________________________________________________________________
Hanh: That’s great to hear! What kind of exercises are you doing?
David: (2) __________________________________________________________________________
Hanh: That sounds like a great routine. Have you noticed any changes in how you feel?

112 David: (3) __________________________________________________________________________ 112

Hanh: I think I’ll start by taking a walk every day and cutting back on processed foods.
David: (4) __________________________________________________________________________
Hanh: Thanks, I really appreciate it. (5) __________________________________________________
VIII. Choose the word which best fits each gap.
The French generally eat three meals a day. Le petit dejeuner is a light breakfast and usually (1)
__________ of coffee or hot chocolate, fruit, cereals, bread or a croissant which is made of a flaky,
butter-based pastry. Lunch or le dejeuner takes (2) __________ between noon and 2 p.m and is the
main meal of the day. It usually begins with hors d'oeuvre or (3) __________. Meat or fish follows,
and the meal ends with cheese, fruit, or sometimes a dessert. The evening meal or le diner is a time
for the whole family to get (4) __________ and talk about their day. Depending on (5) __________
lunch was, dinner may have several courses and most dinners end with wine and a dessert of some
sort.
L'Aperitif is a national (6) __________ in France. It occurs before dinner where the family
gathers about a half an hour or so to (7) __________ a drink, a small appetizer, and conversation with

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 113

family, friends, and neighbors. It is an established (8) __________ activity which is enjoyed by people
of all ages and forms an important part of home life.
1. a. consists b. contains c. includes d. comprises
2. a. part b. through c. place d. aback
3. a. entrees b. desserts c. servers d. appetizers
4. a. out b. together c. up d. back
5. a. how long b. how much c. how big d. how far
6. a. greeting b. habit c. practice d. custom
7. a. share b. divide c. experience d. hold
8. a. sporting b. social c. outdoor d. communal
IX. Read the text carefully, then do the tasks.
Life in Coober Pedy
Located in the vast Outback of South Australia is the town of Coober Pedy, but don’t expect to
find a city skyline or tall apartment buildings. Because here, most of the roughly 2,500 residents live in
underground houses, eat in underground restaurants and even worship in underground churches.
Coober Pedy has just two gas stations, two grocery stores, a post office, a liquor store, and a
113 113
handful of hotels and shops catering to visitors. On the way into town, mounds of dirt discarded from
the mines give it an almost lunar landscape. Signs warn visitors of open mine shafts throughout the
area.
This part of the Outback receives little rainfall and temperatures have been recorded as high
as 50 degrees Celsius. Because of this, an estimated 60 percent of Coober Pedy residents took
inspiration from the mines and established their homes underground. Each one is carefully dug out
room by room. When more space is required, they can just continue digging, leading to some very
spacious residences. Temperatures underground are a comfortable 19 to 25 degrees Celsius. The
homes have working electricity, running cables back up to the surface along with pipes for fresh air.
Items are often recycled as building materials can be hard to come by. In addition to underground
homes, there are underground art galleries, restaurants and shops, as well as multiple underground
churches.
A. Decide if the statements are true (T) or false (F).
1. ____ Coober Pedy is surrounded by a city skyline and tall apartment buildings.
2. ____ Most of the residents of Coober Pedy spend their daily life underground.

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 114

3. ____ There are many open mine shafts throughout the area.
4. ____ The residents live underground to avoid rainfall and cold temperature.
5. ____ The temperatures underground are the same as the ones outside.
6. ____ The residents often recycle Items because It’s hard to get building materials.
B. Answer the questions.
1. Where Is Coober Pcdy?
___________________________________________________________________________________
2. What gives Coober Pedy an almost lunar landscape?
___________________________________________________________________________________
3. What do the residents do when they need more space for their house?
___________________________________________________________________________________
4. Do the underground homes have electricity?
___________________________________________________________________________________
5. What are other underground buildings besides the homes?
___________________________________________________________________________________

114 X. Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the 114
words given.
1. Tim was sad at his bad mark because he spent a lot of time studying for the test. (so)
 Tim
2. My teacher suggested that I spend the summer in England. (advised)
 My teacher
3. Eating fast food is not as healthy as eating vegetables. (much)
 Eating vegetables
4. They will have a picnic by the lake tomorrow if they aren’t busy. (unless)
 They
5. Could I borrow your book about life of the nomads? (lend)
 Could
6. Learn the Korean table manners properly, or else you will cause misunderstanding. (if)
 You
7. Jennifer likes learning different traditional handicrafts. (into)
 Jennifer

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8. No artisans in the village are as skilful as my grandfather. (the)

 My grandfather
9. It’s good for us to know more about our customs and traditions. (should)
 We
10. The children are always fascinated by nature programmes on TV. (find)
 The children when they watch them on TV.

115 115

115
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TEST YOURSELF 2
I. Choose the word whose underlined port is pronounced differently from the others.
1. a. staircase b. decorate c. communal d. receive
2. a. festival b. minority c. tribal d. title
3. a. offerings b. along c. longevity d. singer
4. a. detached b. offered c. joined d. called
5. a. garden b. villager c. gong d. pagoda
II. Choose the word that has different stress pattern.
1. a. anniversary b. celebration c. ceremony d. decoration
2. a. custom b. bamboo c. lifestyle d. surname
3. a. enter b. visit c. harvest d. attend
4. a. ornamental b. reunion c. minority d. traditional
5 .a. native b. alive c. martial d. simple
III. Filling each blank with a suitable word. The first letter of the word has been provided.
1. Tet, or Lunar New Year, is the most important f________________ in Viet Nam.
116 2. In the UK, there are a lot of c________________ for table manners. 116
3. Most Vietnamese people have family altars to w________________ their ancestors.
4. This small town in Alaska offers tourists snowmobile tours and d________________ rides.
5. Apricot blossoms and peach blossoms are typical o________________ trees at Tet.
6. Xoan singing is traditional f________________ singing originating from the northern province of
Phu Tho.
7. The ceremony involved meeting the village chief as well as viewing and participating in a
t________________ dance.
8. In Thai Hai village, there are about 30 s________________ houses of the Tay ethnic group.
9. Millions of Japaneses visit home towns for family r________________ during the Obon Festival.
10. They covered them in white shrouds, a common p________________ in Islamic Pakistan.
IV. Choose the best answer a, b, c or d to complete the sentence.
1. The Giong Festival is held _________ the 9th day of the 4th lunar month.
a. at b. in c. on d. from
2. Last year, my family _________ tradition and travelled abroad during Tet holiday.
a. broke with b. passed down c. kept on d. handed up

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3. The Mid-Autumn Festival is also known as Moon Festival _________ Harvest Moon Festival.
a. but b. or c. so d. and
4. It’s _________ tradition for children to open presents on _________ Christmas Day.
a. the - the b. 0 - the c. a - a d. a – 0
5. I am in the _________ of taking my dog for a walk every evening after dinner.
a. custom b. habit c. hobby d. practice
6. _________ is life in the northern mountainous regions of Viet Nam like?
a. How b. Where c. What d. Why
7. The festival only lasted for three days; _________, they spent nearly a month preparing for it.
a. therefore b. moreover c. otherwise d. however
8. Some people say that online learning is the most effective and way to learn.
a. convenient b. harmful c. interactive d. dependent
9. _________ you are a culture enthusiast, you must go to Hue Arts Festival.
a. As b. Unless c. If d. Though
10. ‘You should wait for the host to start eating.' - ‘Sure. _________’

117 a. That’s fascinating! b. I’ll remember that. 117

c. What about you? d. You don’t know that.
V. Choose the underlined word or phrase, A, B, C or D that needs correcting.
1. How do you know about the custom to eat turkey on Thanksgiving?
A. about B. to eat C. on D. Thanksgiving
2. Becky will run at the moment because she is 10 minutes late for her maths class.
A. will run B. the C. because D. 10 minutes
3. Most of the streets in town are filled with festive goers during the carnival in Rio.
A. of B. with C. festive D. the
4. It is considered impolite to not take off your shoes before entering a house in Japan.
A. is considered B. to not take off C. before entering D. in Japan
5. Erin had a little days off; therefore, he went to Viet Nam and took part in some spring festivals.
A. a little B. therefore C. went D. took part
6. Unless the homestay doesn’t overlook a terraced field, we won’t be able to enjoy the scenery.
A. Unless B. terraced C. won’t D. to enjoy
7. Because breathing is something we do automatically, so we rarely think about it.

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A. breathing B. automatically C. so D. rarely

8. Thanks for modern technology, we can now preserve our culture for future generations.
A. Thanks for B. technology C. can now preserve D. for future generations
9. Tree Planting Day is very important in Singapore because the country needs to protect it’s natural
parks and green spaces.
A. important in B. because C. to protect D. it’s natural
10. The Hung King Temple Festival is annual held in honour of the Hung Kings who are the founders of
the nation.
A. annual B. in honour C. who D. founders
VI. Write the correct tense or form of the verbs In brackets.
1. They _________________ (hold) Do Son Buffalo Fighting Festival every year on the 9th day of the
eighth lunar month.
2. We _________________ (not stay) in a stilt house during our trip to Ha Giang last month.
3. She usually _________________ (use) her mobile phone to look up for new words.
4. George _________________ (compete) in the Iditarod Trail Sled Dog two years ago.

118 5. _________________ (you/ watch) this programme or can I turn the TV off? 118
6. Jenny _________________ (help) me with the housework if she(have) enough time.
7. _________________ (Joe/ see) the lion dance when he was in Japan?
8. I think people _________________ (not use) computer in the 25th century.
9. What _________________ (you/ do) if the weather is nice tomorrow?
10. The Chinese custom of binding feet to make them smaller _________________ (cease) in the
twentieth century.
VII. Supply the correct form of the words in brackets.
1. He calls people sir and madam and he is very _________________. (respect)
2. In Japan, up until recently, marriages were _________________ arranged by a special matchmaker.
(custom)
3. There is the Poh Bang _________________ by a magician in the temple. (perform)
4. Opinions on online learning can _________________ greatly between students. (different)
5. Could you tell me some typical food _________________ in your country? (offer)
6. Small bells and stars are popular _________________ items to put on a Christmas tree. (decorate)
7. We argued because he _________________ with my idea of holding an online meeting. (agree)

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8. The villagers use _________________ materials like wood and bamboo to build stilt houses.
(nature)
9. The _________________ is also an important member in the team of unicorn dance. (drum)
10. People who _________________ drink soda are often less healthy than those who drink juice.
(habit)
VIII. Match the sentences.
1. What offerings should I make? a. Look at the cutlery on the table! They are using
knife and fork.
2. Why do you say this restaurant mainly serves b. Me neither. Why not search them on the
Western dishes? Internet?
3. Chasing the cheese down the hill? You’re c. Of course. It’s a good Idea!
kidding!
4. I don’t know the rules of this folk game. d. Oh, no. I’m telling you the truth. It’s one of our
old traditions.
5. Buffalo fighting festival? That sounds scary! e. How fascinating! I’ll stay In one when I visit Ha

119 Giang. 119

6. Is mua sap a popular folk dance? f. That’s interesting! It encourages family
togetherness, I think.
7. We have a family tradition of eating dinner g. Yes, it is. It’s performed by the Thai people.
together.
8. The stilt house overlooks a beautiful terraced h. Fruits, flowers, incense and candles.
fields.
9. When is the Ok Om Bok Festival? i. Usually in October.
10. Can we study together at your house on j. Yeah, somehow terrible. But it was recognized
Saturday? as a national intangible cultural heritage.
IX. Choose the word which best fits each gap.
My friends and I are having a (1) ___________ time at this year’s Roswell UFO Festival in New Mexico,
USA. It’s a four-day event that takes (2) ___________ every year in early July. Some people believe
that an alien (3) ___________ - a UFO - crashed in a field near Roswell in 1947 and the festival (4)
___________ that event. Not everyone believes this story, of course, but the festival is still a lot of
fun. Everyone dresses up (5) ___________ aliens for the Alien Costume Competition. The costumes

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are fabulous and even family pets take part. There are dogs dyed blue and tortoises (6) ___________
in aluminium foil! Today we’re watching the (7) ___________ down Main Street and tomorrow the
firework display starts at 9 pm. They say it’s really amazing. (8) ___________ are some of the aliens
you meet.
1. a. terrible b. fantastic c. leisure d. difficult
2. a. break b. part c. place d. time
3. a. spaceship b. race c. custom d. planet
4. a. symbolizes b. performs c. organizes d. celebrates
5. a. of b. as c. with d. by
6. a. covered b. filled c. included d. carved
7. a. companion b. scenery c. parade d. heritage
8. a. Such b. Much c. Neither d. So
X. Read the text carefully, then do the tasks.
People visiting Spain for the first time can find it difficult to get used to the eating customs of
the Spanish. It’s not so much the food itself, but the timing of the meals that visitors aren’t used to. I
used to live in Cadiz myself for a few years and I actually quite like the way they do things. Breakfast is
120 120
a light continental affair - just a roll and some coffee usually - eaten between 8 and 9.30 a.m. The
main meal of the day is lunch, which people usually eat sometime between 1.30 p.m. and 3.30 p.m.
Quite a few of the shops, museums and galleries close around this time, because the locals like to
take time over lunch. They will rest for a short time afterwards, although the traditional afternoon
siesta is not as common as it used to be. People eat late in the evening - rarely before 9 p.m. and at
the weekend the locals often won’t eat before 11 p.m. or even midnight. This is a much lighter meal
than lunch - often just a few tapas taken with a drink.
A. Decide whether the following sentences are true (T) or false (F).
1. ____ Mealtimes in Spain can be confusing for visitors.
2. ____ In Spain, breakfast is the largest meal of the day.
3. ____ Spaniards like to have a long lunch.
4. ____ The entire country closes up shop from about 1:30 to 3:30 p.m.
5. ____ Most Spaniards still enjoy taking a siesta after lunch.
6. ____ Dinner is generally eaten between 9 p.m. and midnight.
B. Choose the correct answers.

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1. What is the passage mainly about?

a. Spanish culture b. Spanish eating customs
c. Spanish table manners d. Spanish mealtimes
2. What does the word ‘siesta’ mean?
a. a light meal b. a short nap
c. an afternoon snack d. a deep sleep
3. Which is the most important meal of the day in Spain?
a. breakfast b. lunch c. snack d. dinner
4. What is a continental breakfast?
a. a full breakfast of cereal, bacon and eggs and toast
b. a traditional breakfast consisting of rice, soup, fish
c. a simple breakfast consisting of coffee and bread
d. a healthy breakfast of fruits, veggies and milk
5. According to the passage,.
a. Spaniards don’t often eat their evening meal anytime before 9 p.m.

121 b. Dinner is always served with tapas and wine 121

c. The locals usually eat dinner after 11 p.m.
d. Dinner is also as large as lunch
XI. Choose the correct answer a, b, c, or d to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to the
sentence given.
1. Unless the project fails, it’ll help the tribal groups revive their culture.
a. If the project doesn’t fail, it won’t help the tribal groups revive their culture.
b. The project has to fail, or it won’t help the tribal groups revive their culture.
c. If the project succeeds, it’ll help the tribal groups revive their culture.
d. Succeed in the project, or else it’ll help the tribal groups revive their culture.
2. My family has the custom of visiting pagodas on the first day of Lunar New Year.
a. On the first day of Lunar New Year, visiting pagodas is a familiar custom.
b. It is the custom for my family to visit pagodas on the first day of Lunar New Year.
c. Visting pagodas on the first day of Lunar New Year is customarily my family.
d. My family visits pagodas on the first day of Lunar New Year because of the custom.
3. The volunteers walked to the mountainous village.

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a. By foot, the volunteers came to the mountainous village.

b. Walking to the mountainous village was the only choice for the volunteers.
c. To get to the mountainous village, the volunteers had to walk.
d. The volunteers went to the mountainous village on foot.
4. Although they are living a hard life, they always feel happy.
a. They are living a hard life, but they always feel happy.
b. If they are living a hard life, they will always feel happy.
c. They aren’t living a hard life; however, they don’t always feel happy.
d. They don’t always feel happy although they aren’t living a hard life.
XII. Make sentences from the cues given.
1. People/ celebrate/ Pingxi Lantern Festival/ fifteenth day/ first lunar month.
_________________________________________________________________________________
2. Today’s children/ hardly/ listen/ stories/ their elder/ because/ they/ live/ the digital era.
_________________________________________________________________________________
3. It/ interesting/ learn/ the unique features/ ethnic group’s traditional culture.

122 _________________________________________________________________________________ 122

4. We/ hang/ decorative items/ chase/ bad luck/ and/ pray/ lucky new year.
_________________________________________________________________________________

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UNIT 7.
ENVIRONMENTAL
PROTECTION
A. PHONETICS
I. Say the words aloud, then circle the words that match to the pictures.

1. clock/block 2. blaze / clay 3. blame / clap 4. clasp/blanket

123 123

5. blind / climb 6. blender / cleaner 7. clash / blast 8. cloud / blouse

9. clothes / blossom 10. blown / clown 11. blow / close 12. bliss / click
II. Underline the words that have the sound /bl/ or /cl/.
1. Nick enjoys looking at the clear blue sky.

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 124

2. I climbed over the hill and found the bright bloom of the wild flowers.
3. They claimed that those special clinics were built for blind people.
4. Light winds are blowing over the blackberry farm.
5. We will have a clear view after passing these building blocks.
6. There are some clues about the blast near the church yesterday.
7. Clay may stick on your clothes when you go flying kites on the field.
8. The blades of her juice blender were broken.

B. VOCABULARY and GRAMMAR

I. Write a word or phrase from the box under each picture.
water pollution endangered species 3Rs plastic rubbish
global warming national park single-use products campfire

124 124

1. _________________ 2. _________________ 3. _________________ 4. _________________

5. _________________ 6. _________________ 7. _________________ 8. _________________

II. Complete the sentences with the words or phrases in part I.
1. _________________ is putting our health at risk. Unsafe water kills more than 3.4 million people
each year.
2. Established in 1962, Cue Phuong is the first _________________ in Vietnam.
3. A study says that the amount of _________________ flowing into the ocean could triple in the next
20 years.

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4. We should teach students the importance of the _________________ - Reduce, Reuse, Recycle.
5. The best way to protect _________________ is to protect the places where they live.
6. Let’s build a _________________ before it gets dark, everyone!
7. You can avoid using _________________ by bringing your own cup and straw to the cafe.
8. _________________, the rise in temperature around the earth’s atmosphere, is one of the biggest
issues facing humans nowadays.
III. Complete the sentences with the words or phrases from the box.
carbon footprint green products environmental protection natural habitat
ecosystem extinction toxic substances natural resources
1. Water pollution happens when ______________________ - often chemicals or microorganisms -
enter water bodies.
2. Recycling is a way to reduce the ______________________ and conserve natural resources.
3. ______________________ activities are carried out in order to keep the environment pure and
clean.
4. An endangered species is an animal or plant that is at risk of ______________________.

125 5. The Bengal tiger’s _____________________ includes tropical rain forests, tall grasses, and marshes. 125
6. ______________________ are made from environmentally friendly materials.
7. The three Rs will help us to conserve ______________________ for long-term use.
8. By harming the ______________________ of our planet, we endanger the balance of nature itself.
IV. Underline the correct answer.
Global Recycling Day, (1) performed / celebrated / done on March 18 every year, is a recycling
initiative that (2) encouragement / encouraging / encourages us to look at our trash in a new light.
There are several ways to recycle that allow some materials to be (3) reused / reduced / released
multiple times. Recycling is great for us and the (4) environment / environmental / environmentalist
because it lessens the energy we use, enhances the (5) nature / quality / value of water and air we
breathe, and combats climate change.
It also reduces using new raw (6) materials / ingredients / elements to create new products -
saving money and natural (7) reserves / renewals / resources. Newspapers, plastic water bottles, soda
cans, cereal boxes, and milk cartons are some of the common everyday (8) recyclable / recycle /
recycling items. If we put (9) affect / effort / defect into recycling items that we usually (10) throw
away /give away /put away, we can impact the earth and our lives in a more profound way.

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V. Match the two halves of the sentence.

1. Overfertilization contributes to soil pollution, a. as soon as they noticed the oil spill.
2. If we continue using lots of single-use b. due to discharge of pollutants in the water
products, bodies.
3. Lake, river, ocean and groundwater get c. for plastic waste to completely decompose.
contaminated
4. Carbon monoxide is a poisonous gas d. as a result of the removal of vegetation.
5. The soil is exposed and vulnerable to erosion e. so you only need to apply fertilizer once or
twice per year.
6. The polluted fog became so thick f. the ocean will be full of plastic waste in the
future.
7. Depending on the material and structure, it g. that people could only see a few meters in
takes 20 to 500 years front of them.
8. The fishermen informed the local authority h. that can lead to health problems.
VI. Read the sentences and write l.C if the underlined clause is an independent clause or D.C if it is a
dependent clause.
126 126
1. I often turn off all the electric devices when I’m not using them. ____
2. The rescued animals will be taken care of at the zoo until they’re healed. ____
3. Sean is building a campfire while Patrick is collecting more woods. ____
4. They will run the campaign against illegal poaching as soon as the government approves it. ____
5. When plants die, they release carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. ____
6. Visitors must get a permit before they visit Acadia National Park. ____
7. The volunteers will work all day till they clean up the entire beach. ____
8. Please make sure to put out the campfire after you leave the campsite. ____
9. All the famous monuments turn off the lights while Earth Hour happens. ____
10. No one is allowed to use the water from the lake until its water quality improves. ____
VII. Choose the best answer to complete the sentences.
1. The river water will still be polluted _______ we find solutions to prevent dumping raw sewage.
a. until b. after c. because d. so
2. Mass killings of fish, plants, or amphibians can happen _______ there are sudden changes in water
temperature.

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a. while b. when c. as soon as d. till

3. They shut down that factory _______ they knew it released pollutants into the lake.
a. although b. before c. while d. as soon as
4. The black bear died immediately _______ the hunter shot it.
a. after b. so c. until d. as long as
5. We picked up all the rubbish at the campsite _______ we returned home.
a. after b. while c. before d. till
6. Can you help me sort out the rubbish _______ I’m cleaning the kitchen?
a. if b. while c. until d. although
7. _______ they realise the impact of deforesation, they’ll continue to cut down trees to provide more
room for planting crops.
a. Until b. After c. As soon as d. While
8. Grace lost her mobile phone signal _______ she went deep into the forest.
a. but b. if c. before d. as soon as
9. Don’t leave the water running _______ you’re washing the dishes!

127 a. because b. lead to c. result in d. while 127

10. Many wild animals used to inhabit this area _______ the new factory was built.
a. after b. while c. before d. as soon as
VIII. Complete the sentences with the conjunctions from the box.
while as soon as after when (x2) before so because until (x2)
1. Those koalas were severely burnt ________________ they couldn’t escape the bush fire.
2. All sorts of chemicals are dumped into this river, ________________ we cannot swim there
anymore.
3. ________________ people are eating food from their plastic products, many wild animals are dying
because of them.
4. The air pollution will be reduced ________________ more and more people use public transport.
5. Many marine animals are saved from extinction ________________ the government passed the
law to stop over-fishing the oceans last year.
6. The panda will stay at the zoo ________________ it’s strong enough to return to its natural habitat.
7. We called the local authority immediately ________________ we noticed the bush fire!

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8. Remember to bring something to store the rubbish ________________ you go trekking in the
national park.
9. It used to be easy to see the Big Dipper at night ________________ lights from those buildings
affected our vision.
10. The villagers need to stay inside their houses ________________ the storm completely stops.
IX. Combine each pair of sentences, using the conjunction in brackets.
1. Summer finally comes. They will volunteer at some local environment programmes. (when)
___________________________________________________________________________________
2. The director approves our documentary. We will broadcast it nationwide. (As soon as)
___________________________________________________________________________________
3. The whole neighbourhood was given reusable bags. They were forbidden to use plastic products.
(before)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
4. Some students are picking up litter. The others are planting trees in the park. (while)

128 ___________________________________________________________________________________ 128

5. People started to care more about endangered species. They watched a video about marine life.
(After)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
6. The villagers will be on strike. The factories stop cutting down trees in the forest. (till)
___________________________________________________________________________________
7. Many wild animals are injured. The bush fires are spreading too fast. (because)
___________________________________________________________________________________
8. The national park saves endangered species. It protects the environment. (and)
___________________________________________________________________________________
X. Choose the underlined word or phrase, A, B, C, or D that needs correcting.
1. It’s necessary to raise awareness of endangered species and environment protection.
A. It’s B. to raise C. endangered D. environment
2. The amount of waste will decrease when people will start to buy reusable packages.
A. will decrease B. when C. will start D. reusable

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3. Could you tell me the negative effects of cutting up trees on the ecosystem?
A. Could B. negative effects C. cutting up D. on
4. There will be much less pollution while people stop using cars completely.
A. will be B. while C. stop D. completely
5. Use-single products like plastic bottles and bags can kill or trap marine animals.
A. Use-single B. like C. or D. marine
6. If we don’t bury chemical wastes underground, we won’t pollute fresh water supplies.
ABCD
7. The firefighters immediately came to rescue the koala until they saw it in the fire.
ABCD
8. Please wait here when the volunteers are picking up rubbish along the river.
ABCD
9. If people pay a few more attention to the environment, the Earth will be greener.
ABCD
10. We can help the environment by avoiding using plastic products and stopping litter.

129 ‘I’ 129

ABCD
XII. Use the correct form of the word given to complete each sentence.
1. It’s evidence that this ocean is clean and environmentally. (pollute)
2. World Wide Fund is a famous organization. (environment)
3. This area is a part of a wildlife programme. (conserve)
4. Sea turtles and dugongs are some species living in Con Dao. (endanger)
5. In remote regions, the air is pure and the crops are free of insecticides. (poison)
6. Habitat poses the greatest threat to wild animals. (lose)
7. The students are having a field trip to Cat Ba Park. (nation)
8. Camel’s habitat is the deserts across Asia and Africa. (nature)
9. Our encourages each household to practise the 3Rs. (neighbour)
10. Water pollution can lead to the of aquatic plants and animals. (die)
XIII. Underline the correct preposition in each of the following sentences.
1. Water pollution can be harmful at / to fish and animals that live along the river.
2. Using drinking water to water the garden is a waste from / of natural resources!

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3. Ways must be found to prevent the poisonous gases on / from polluting the air.
4. Textile factories dump tonnes of toxic waste into / at the Citarum River.
5. She’s come up to / with amazing new ideas to help protect the environment.
6. Noise pollution can have harmful effects on / in human health.
7. Toxic substances from factories are unsafe for / with the ecosystem.
8. Cat Tien National Park is home in / to some endangered monkeys.
9. The river has been polluted with / from toxic waste from local factories.
10. Children should be aware at / of the environmental issues we’re facing.

c. SPEAKING
I. Make questions for the underlined words.
1. ______________________________________________________________________________
Water pollution is the contamination of water bodies, such as lakes, rivers and oceans.
2. ______________________________________________________________________________
Many wild animals are on the verge of extinction because of illegal hunting.
3. ______________________________________________________________________________
130 There are sixty-three national parks in the United States. 130
4. ______________________________________________________________________________
He will build a campfire as soon as he arrives at the campsite.
5. ______________________________________________________________________________
Most of the plastic waste ends up in the oceans.
6. ______________________________________________________________________________
The students are visiting Cat Tien National Park this weekend.
7. ______________________________________________________________________________
Ho Chi Minh City is more polluted than Da Nang.
8. ______________________________________________________________________________
In my neighbourhood, people collect garbage every day.
9. ______________________________________________________________________________
Every individual is responsible for solving environmental issues.
10. ______________________________________________________________________________
We can prevent land pollution by the proper disposing of the litter.

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