GOST 9.402 80 English

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GOSUDARSTVENNYSTANDARTSOYWASSR
UNIFIED SYSTEM FOR PROTECTION AGAINST CORROSION AND AGING
PAINT COATINGS
PREPARATION OF METAL SURFACES BEFORE PAINTING
GOST 9.402-80 (ST

SEV 5732-86)
IPC PUBLISHING HOUSE OF STANDARDS
Moscow - 1998
GOSUDARSTVENNYSTANDARTSOYWASSR
Unified system of protection against corrosion and aging

PAINT COATINGS
GUEST
Preparing metal surfaces before painting 9.402-80
(CT SEV 5732-86)
Unified system of ÿÿrrosion and ageing protection Paint
coatings. Metal surface preparation for painting
Date of introduction 07/01/81
This standard applies to parts and assembly units (hereinafter referred to as

products) from ferrous, non-ferrous metals and alloys and establishes technical requirements for surface quality,
technology for preparing the surface of products before painting.
1. TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS
1.1. The surface of the product to be prepared before painting should not have burrs, sharp
edges (with a radius of less than 0.3 mm), welding spatter, solder sagging, burns, or flux
residues. The presence of burrs, sharp edges, welding spatter and solder sagging and their
location on the surface of non-specific parts is allowed if this is established by the design
documentation for the product.
1.2. The surface of cast products should not have non-metallic macro-inclusions, burns, discontinuities in the metal
in the form of shells, cracks, adhesions, irregularities in the form of tides, thickenings, wrinkles, folds, with the exception
of the defects allowed by the standards or technical specifications for castings.
1.3. Surfaces to be prepared before painting are classified according to the degree of grease and degree of oxidation.
The roughness of metal surfaces must comply with the requirements of GOST 9.032-74.
For pneumatic, airless and electrostatic painting methods, any group of surface finishing in accordance with GOST
9045-80 is allowed. Electrodeposited coatings of high quality are obtained by painting steel with the 1st surface finishing
group.
(Amended edition, Amendment No. 1, 3).

1.4. For ferrous and non-ferrous metals, two degrees of grease are established
(contamination) of the surface according to the table. 1.
Table 1
Fat level First Characteristics of surface grease
The presence of thin layers of mineral oils, lubricants, cutting-cooling emulsions mixed with metal
shavings and dust (contaminant content up to 3 g/m2 )
Second Presence of thick layers of preservation lubricants, oils and hard-to-remove contaminants, graphite
lubricants, deposits of grinding and polishing pastes (contaminant content over 3 g/m2 )
Note. The degree of fat content is determined by the gravimetric method using solvents.
(Amended edition, Amendment No. 3).

1.5. The degree of oxidation of the surface of ferrous metals is given in table. 2.
Table 2
Degree designation
Characteristics of surface oxidation
oxidation
A (C) The surface is covered with non-shedding rust tightly adhered to the metal. There is a casting crust on the
casting, there is no burnt mark
B (D) The surface is covered with crumbling rust; after cleaning the rust, pitting of the base metal is detected.
There is a burn mark on the casting and the molding sand can be easily separated
In (In) The surface is covered with mill scale or casting crust, rust occupies up to 50% of the surface
G (A) The surface is covered with mill scale or casting crust, rust
absent
Note. In brackets are the designations of the degree of oxidation according to ST SEV 5732-86.
1.6. The degree of oxidation of the surface of non-ferrous metals is not established.
1.7. The degree of cleaning of the surface of ferrous metals from scale and corrosion products
(hereinafter referred to as oxides) is given in table. 3.
Table 3
Designation of
Designation operating
Characteristics of the
degrees Characteristics of the cleaned surface conditions for paint
processed product and
cleaning from and varnish coatings
material
oxides according to
GOST 9.104-79
1 (03) When examined with 6ÿ magnification, scale U1, UHL1, KHL1, T1, OM1, OM2, and Products from groups I and II of metals subject to
rust are not detected painting in classes I and II according to GOST
B5 9.032-74
2(02) When examined with the naked eye, not U1, U2, UHL1, Products from groups I and II are found to contain scale, rust, UHL2, KHL1, metals subject to
burning, residues of molding sand and KHL2, T1, T2, T3, phosphating OM1, OM2, OM3, other non-metallic layers
and
staining, as well as from B5

metal with a thickness of at least 4
mm
3(01) No more than 5% of the surface of U1, U2, UHL1, Products made of cast iron and steel
Designation of
Designation operating
Characteristics of the
degrees Characteristics of purified conditions
processed product and material
cleaning from surfaces paint and varnish
oxides coatings according
to GOST 9.104-79
there are spots and stripes tightly U3, UHL2, castings, forgings and hot
adhered scale and foundry crust, UHL3. UHL4, stampings, rolled products and products HL1, HL2, HL3, complex shapes with thickness
visible to the naked eye. On any of the surface areas of the product T2, T3
metal no less than 4 mm
scale occupies no more than 10% of the area of the 25X25
mm plate. 4(01) Rust and
UHL4 Hard-to-reach large-sized places,
flaking scale products and products of complex shape with a
metal thickness of at least 4
mm
Notes:
1. In brackets are the designations of the degree of purification from oxides according to ST SEV 5732-86.
2. Grades of ferrous metals included in groups I-III are given in reference Appendix 1.
3. Welds must be cleaned of slag and loose scale. Weld seams after welding with flux-coated electrodes must be cleaned of flux jack and neutralized.
The pH value of the surface moistened with distilled water should be 5-7.5 pH of the surface is controlled visually with an appropriate indicator
1.8. The surfaces of products with the fourth degree of purification from oxides cannot be painted.
are subject to, except for the cases specified in table. 5.
In technically justified cases, when the service life of the paint coating system used, for example, as a result of
abrasive wear, the destructive effects of aggressive substances, etc., is less than that established for this system in
any climatic conditions, it is allowed, in agreement with the customer and the product developer, to carry out painting
three-fourth degree of surface cleaning from oxides.
For metal products with a thickness of over 4 mm, operated in B5 conditions and whose service life as a
result of abrasive wear and the destructive effects of aggressive environments is no more than 12 months, it is
allowed to paint surfaces of the 3rd and 4th degrees of oxide purification using technological schemes for
surface preparation 19 , 23, 24 tab. 4, and also use rust converter primers or rust converters.
(Amended edition, Amendment No. 1,3).

1.9. In production premises intended for surface preparation and storage of products, the temperature must
be no lower than 15°C and humidity no more than 80%.
If necessary, surface preparation and storage of treated products

carried out indoors and outdoors at a temperature not lower than 5 °C.
1.10. Preparation of the surface of large-sized products, as well as structures painted outdoors or indoors at
temperatures below 5 ° C, is carried out in accordance with the standards or technical specifications for the
product (classification of products by dimensions according to GOST 9.410-88).
Do not allow water to come into contact with the prepared surface of the product.
corrosive liquids and vapors.
1.11. The interval between surface preparation and painting when stored indoors for metal products should
not exceed 24 hours, in the presence of non-metallic inorganic coatings (phosphate, chromate, chemical
oxide, anodic-oxide and others) - 72 hours.

(Amended edition, Amendment No. 1, 2, 3).
1.12. The duration of storage of large-sized products without protective equipment during a long period of assembly
and installation in a room with controlled parameters is established according to the standards or technical conditions
for the product.
1.13. For special engineering products, the interval between abrasive treatment and painting is
established according to standards or specifications
per product.
1.14. When storing large items outdoors, the interval between surface preparation and painting
should not exceed 6 hours; in the presence of non-metallic inorganic coatings - 18 hours.

2. SAFETY REQUIREMENTS
2 .
REQUIREMENTS FOR TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESSES
1 .
STORAGE ,
AND TRANSPORTATION OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES FOR PREPARATION o t o v k o u r x

nosti .
2.1.1. Basic safety requirements for technological processes (solvent degreasing, etching,
phosphating), storage and transportation of chemicals must comply with GOST 12.3.008-75.
2.1.2. Storage of organic solvents at the workplace is permitted in

in hermetically sealed containers no more than a two-shift norm.
2.1.3. The rules for storage, transportation and bottling of acids must comply with the requirements established in
the standards or technical specifications for the corresponding acid.
2 .
2 MATERIAL REQUIREMENTS
. SAFETY ABOUT at and use
2.2.1. Safety , HAZARDOUS AND HARMFUL PROPERTIES

requirements when working with chromic anhydride must comply with GOST 2548-77.
2.2.2. When preparing etching compositions, first pour in water, and then
stirring constantly, acid.
2.2.3. When working with compounds used in surface preparation, the following rules must be
observed:
start work only in special clothing in accordance with standard industry standards approved by
the Resolution of the USSR State Committee for Labor and Social Issues and the Presidium of the
All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions;
use personal protective equipment for the respiratory system, face and eyes;
monitor the constant operation of ventilation units and the tightness of equipment and
communications, carry out wet dust removal in production areas
premises;
If acidic or alkaline components get on open areas of the body or in the eyes, wash them off with a stream of water
and rinse with a 1% NaHCO3 solution or a 2% H3BO3 solution.
The workshop must be equipped with special drinking water fountains in accordance with GOST 2874-82.
2 SAFETY
3 .
REQUIREMENTS AND ORGANIZATION OF WORKPLACES
.
2.3.1. The maintenance of production, utility rooms and workplaces must comply with the
requirements stipulated by the Instructions for the sanitary maintenance of premises and equipment
(Production enterprises, approved by the USSR Ministry of Health).
2.3.2. The air in the working area of the room in which metal surfaces are prepared must comply
with the requirements of GOST 12.1.005-88.
2.3.3. When carrying out the surface preparation operation at temperatures below 15 °C, workers
are provided with a break for heating in heated rooms at an air temperature of 18-23 °C.
2.3.4. The list of physically and chemically hazardous and harmful factors is given in
mandatory appendix 2.
2.3.5. The list of main measures and means to ensure occupational safety is given in mandatory
Appendix 3.
2.3.6. The level of noise and vibration that occurs during mechanical, waterjet and shot blasting
cleaning should not exceed the standards established by GOST 12.1.003-83, GOST 12.1.012-90
and Sanitary standards for the design of industrial enterprises SP 245-71.
2.3.7. The room in which degreasing with white spirit is carried out must be equipped with fire extinguishing
equipment: automatic foam extinguishing, carbon dioxide installations, sprinkler
stationary
and deluge equipment.
In the absence of automatic fire extinguishing installations, the premises are equipped with foam
and carbon dioxide fire extinguishers, boxes of sand, asbestos blankets and other fire-fighting
equipment in accordance with the current Standards of primary fire extinguishing equipment for
industrial, warehouse, public and residential premises.
2.3.8. Degreasing with chlorinated hydrocarbons and emulsion compositions based on them is
carried out under the condition of complete mechanization to automation of the technological process
in special sealed installations. Contact of skin of those working with solvents is not allowed.
2.3.9. Baths for surface treatment at three elevated temperatures should be

equipped with automatic or manual solution temperature regulators.
2.3.10. When working with compressed air, it is necessary to comply with the requirements of GOST 12.3.005-75.
4
2 Requirements
. .
for the safety of production waste
2.4.1. Spent solutions are neutralized, rendered harmless or diluted before being discharged into
the sewer system.
Sludge containing toxic substances is neutralized. Complete neutralization
neutralization or dilution is controlled by analysis.
2.4.2. The concentration of harmful substances in the air emitted into the atmosphere by local
suction systems and in wastewater discharged into reservoirs from surface preparation installations
should not exceed the maximum permissible concentrations approved by the USSR Ministry of Health.
2 . 5 .
Requirements for use of personal protection products b o t a u s h i x
2.5.1. Personal protective equipment must meet the requirements of the standards:
respirator RPG-67A GOST 12.4.004-74;

overalls - GOST 12.4.099-80 or GOST 12.4.100-80;
dressing gowns - GOST 12.4.131-83 or GOST 12.4.132-83:
aprons - GOST 12.4.029-76;
special footwear - GOST 12.4.137-84;
rubber boots - GOST 12265-78;
rubber gloves - GOST 20010-93;
Safety glasses - GOST 12.4.013-85.
2.5.2. The hands of workers who come into contact with primers - rust converters, rust converters
and solvents must be protected with special pastes, rubber or biological gloves.
2.5.3. When cleaning and repairing equipment containing chlorinated solvents,

use a gas mask of grade A according to GOST 12.4.121-83.
2.5.4. Carrying out work to clean the internal surface of large-sized products is permitted subject to compliance
with the requirements of GOST 12.3.016-87 and safety regulations.
(Amended edition. Amendment No. 1).
3. SURFACE PREPARATION
3.1. Schemes of technological processes for surface preparation before

staining are given in table. 4.
3.2. A specific scheme that ensures the required quality of surface preparation is selected according to table. 5
depending on operating conditions, material and product characteristics.
In technically justified cases, due to the design features, purpose and other specifics of the products, it is allowed,
in agreement with the customer and the product developer, to use the surface preparation schemes given in Table.
4, under operating conditions not provided for specific schemes in Table. 5.
3.3. Preparation of the surface of products used in special environments in accordance with GOST 9.032-74,
carried out as for operating conditions U1, HL1, UHL1, T1, T2, OM1, OM2, V5 according to GOST 9.104-79.

Table 4
Removal of oxides and/or
Simultaneous degreasing Washing
we scale, increase Blowing Washing
Chemical P
Washing Drying Phosphating Washing Anodizing with water with water Washing Chromating
roughness compressed with water
water water and
oxidation
nodny Mechanical air
Etching phosphating
target processing
- - -
+ - -
+ + -
+ - - - - -
- - - -
+ + -
+ -
+ - - - - -
+ + -
+ - -
+ + -
+ - - - - -
+ + + -
+ + -
+ -
+ - - - - -
- - - - - - -
+ -
+ - - - - -
+ + - - - - -
+ -
+ - - - - -
- - -
+ - -
+ + -
+ - - - - -
- - - -
+ + -
+ -
+ - - - - -
+ + -
+ - -
+ + -
+ - - - - -
+ + + -
+ + -
+ -
+ - - - - -
- - - - - - -
+ -
+ - - - - -
+ + - - - - -
+ -
+ - - - - -
- - -
+ - -
+ - - - - - - - -
- - - -
+ + - - - - - - - - -
+ + -
+ - -
+ - - - - - - - -
+ + + -
+ + - - - - - - - - -
- -
+ - - - - - - - - - - - -
+ + - - - - - - - - - - - - -
- - - -
+ + - - - - - - - - -
+ + + -
+ + - - - - - - - - -
- -
+ - - - - - - - - - - -
+ + - - - - - - - - - - - - -
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
+ + - - - - - - - - - - - - -
- - - - - - - -
+ - - - - - -
- - - - - - - -
+ + - - - - -
- - - - - - - -
+ + - - - - -
+ + - - - - - - - - - -
+ + -
+ + - - - - - - - -
+ + - - -
+ + - - - - - - - -
+ + - -
+
Removal of oxides and/or

Simultaneous degreasing
we scale, increase in roughness Blowing
Washing Drying Washing Phosphating Washing Washing Anodizing with water with water Chemical Washing P Chromating with water
compressed
water water and
oxidation
nodny Mechanical air
Etching phosphating
target processing
+ + - - - - - - - - - - - -
+
- - - -
+ + - - - -
+ + - - -
- - - -
+ + - - - -
+ + - -
+
+ + -
+ - - - - - -
+ + - - -
+ + -
+ - - - - - -
+ + - -
+
- - - - - - - -
+ + - - - - -
- - - - - - - -
+ + - - - - -
+ + - - - - - -
+ + - - - - -
+ + - - - - - -
+ + - - - - -
The sign (+) means that this operation is carried out, the sign (-) means that it is not carried out.
Notes:
1. Instead of phosphating, the use of phosphating primers is allowed, but operations subsequent to phosphating are not carried out.
2. When painting products using the electrodeposition method, after passivation, they are washed with demineralized water (electrical conductivity no more than 20 µS/cm)
or distilled water.
3. If there is no grease or marking paints, degreasing is not carried out.
4. To ensure a high-quality type of zinc phosphate coating, chemical activation is carried out according to the recommended Appendix 4.
5. When processing according to schemes 28-24, the presence of rust is not allowed.
6. To prepare the surface of products made of non-ferrous metals, it is allowed to use schemes 19-24.
7. According to scheme 25, surface preparation is carried out by steam jet degreasing with simultaneous phosphating. Drying is carried out only
hard-to-reach surfaces.
8. Surfaces with the first degree of grease are subjected to simultaneous degreasing and phosphating.
9. Amorphous iron phosphate coatings on surfaces with the 2nd degree of grease are applied according to schemes 36-39; with the 1st degree of fat content - according to schemes 25-27, 36-39.
10. When painting products using the anodic electrodeposition method, passivation may not be carried out.
11. For steel and cast iron castings in the absence of oil contamination, mechanical processing is carried out without preliminary degreasing.
12. Simultaneous degreasing and phosphating for processing hot-rolled steel is used during preliminary mechanical cleaning of viburnum.

Table 5
Operating conditions according to GOST Product Scheme number
Product characteristics.
9.104-79 material according to table. 4
U1, U2, HL1, UHL1. HL2, UHL2, T2, Group metals Metal products with thickness OM1, OM2, B1, B2, B5, T1 1-6
I and II up to 2 mm inclusive
U1, U2, HL1, HL2, UHL1, UHL2, T3, OM3, V3 7-12, 31, 26, 37,
39
U2, HL2, UHL2, HL3, UHL4, U3, UHL3 27, 36, 38
U1, U2, HL1, HL2, UHL1, UHL2, UHL3, UHL4, 13-18

OM4 U2, U3, HL2, HL3,
UHL2, UHL3, UHL4 19-22
U1, U2, HL2, HL1, UHL1, UHL2, UHL4 Large metal products up to 2 mm thick 25
inclusive
U1, U2, HL1, HL2, UHL1, UHL2, T1, T2, OM1, Metal products with a thickness from 2 to 4 7-12
OM2, V5 mm inclusive
U1, U2, HL1, HL2, UHL2, UHL1, T3, OM3, UHL4 13-18
U2, U3, HL2 HL3 UHL2, UHL3, UHL4, T3, OM3 Large items 19-22
U1, U2, HL1, HL2 UHL1 UHL2, T2, T3, OM3 Large metal products up to 2 mm thick 13-18
inclusive
Large metal products with a thickness of 2 25, 26, 37, 39

to 4 mm
inclusive
Large metal products with a thickness of 19-22 13-18 25-

more than 4 mm 27 36-39
T1, T2, U1, HL1, U2, HL2 U2, U3, 19, 20
HL2, UHL2, UHL3, T3, OM3, UHL4 Large metal products of different thicknesses 23, 24
V1, V2, V3, V5 Metal products with a thickness of 7-18, 25, 26, 37, more than 4
mm 39
U1, U2, HL1, HL2. UHL1, UHL2, T2, T3, OM3, Metal products with a thickness of 13-22
UHL4 more than 4 mm
U1, U2, HL1, HL2, U3, HL3, UHL1, UHL2, UHL3, Products from iron and steel castings, forgings 23, 24
UHL4, T2, T3, OM3 and hot large-sized metal products with a
thickness stampings;
of more than 4 mm
T1, O1, V1 Products made of steel and 7-18, 25, 26, 37, 39
cast iron Hard to
UHL4 reach 23, 24 places
large-sized products and products of complex

shape with a metal thickness of more than 4
mm
B1, B2, ÿ3, ÿ5 Partially painted products Partially painted 19-22
products with oxides on an unpainted surface: 21-22, 14, 16,
19, 20
- for the painted part - for the

unpainted part
T1, U1, HL1, UHL1 Large-sized assembled metal products up 26, 37, 39
to 2 mm thick (buses) and products that
perceive vibration (motorcycles,
loads
bicycles, details
cars, products
Operating conditions according to GOST Material Scheme number

Product characteristics.
9.104-79 products according to table. 4
automotive, motorcycle and bicycle lighting

and light-signal fittings) Any products Large-
sized
UHL4 Black 23, 24
B1, B2, ÿ3, ÿ5 metals products, 19-22
dyed for period
conservation
B1, B2, ÿ3, ÿ5 Metals Partially painted products of group III and 21, 22
colored
metals
U1, HL1, UHL1, T1, T2, OM1, OM2, Metals B5 Products of simple and medium shape 19, 30
group III
U1, U2, HL1, HL2, UHL1, UHL2, T3, OM3, UHL4 21, 22
Bl, B2, B3, B5 Bl, Products with complex shapes 21-25

B2, B3, B5 All metals Fully painted products U1, HL1, UHL1, T1, T2, OM1, OM2, Any products Titanium B5 21, 22
19-22, 29, 32-35
alloys
U1. HL1, UHL1, T1, T2, OM1, OM2, Copper and copper B5 19-22
alloys
T1, T2, T3, O4, V5, 01, HL1, UHL1 U1, U2, 18
HL1, HL2, UHL1, UHL2, T2, Aluminum and OM2 19-22

its alloys
UHL1, T1, T2, T3, OM1, OM2, B1, B2, Aluminum and Any B3 products 26-28, 31, 36-39
its alloys
T1, ÿ1 ÿÿÿ1, ÿÿ1, B1, B2, ÿ3, ÿ5, ÿÿ1, ÿÿ2 29-30
Aluminum foundries 32-35
T1, U1, HL1, UHL1 Metal products with a thickness of more than 22
alloys 4 mm
U1, U2, T1, T2 Zinc- Any products 26, 27, 36-39
aluminum
alloys
T1, T2, OM1, B1, U1, U2, HL1, HL2 Zinc T1, T2, U1, U2, HL1, 6, 12
alloys 31
HL2, B1, B5, OM1, OM2
U1, U2, V3, UHL4 U1, 22
U2, HL1, HL2. UHL1, UHL2, T3, Colored OM3, UHL4 2,1, 22
metals and their
alloys
T1, U1 Sheet Metal products with a thickness of more than 2 mm. After 23
T2, U1, HL1 treatment for metal group I

with dense protection is applied by coating systems: primer VL-02-1 layer, enamel
bonded mill AS-182-2 layers;
scale primer VML-0143-1 layer or primer
VML-0143-1 layer, enamel ML-12-1 layer
U1, U2 primer GF-021-1 layer enamel XB-518-2

layers
U1 Hot Rolled For Vegetable Pallets
corner from
metal I
groups
Notes:
1. Surface treatment for operating conditions U1, U2 HL1 HL2, UHL1, UHL2, T2, T3, OM3, UHL4 according to schemes 23 and 24 is
allowed only for products whose service life does not exceed the service life of coatings.
2. To prepare the surface, it is allowed to use compositions not specified in this standard and GOST 9.305-84, if they provide surface
preparation quality that meets the requirements of this standard.
(Amended edition Amendment No. 3).
3.4. The amount of solution carried away depending on the complexity of the products is given in table. 5a.
Table 5a
The amount of solution that can be taken 1
Product shape according to GOST 9.410-88 Product complexity group
2m surface, m3 / m2
Easy 1
Up to 5x10-5
Medium 2 Until 15x10-5
Difficult 3 Up to 25x10-5
Note. When processing the surface of particularly small products in baskets or drums, the quantity
the carried away solution is equated to the quantity for a lower complexity group of products.

3.5. The surface preparation of products made of magnesium and its alloys for operating conditions U1, U2, HL1,
HL2, UHL1, UHL2, UHL4, T2, T3, OM3 is carried out according to the recommended application and or standards for
the painting process.

3.6. When painting products coated with chromium, silver, zinc and other electrochemical methods, as well as
when processing products from non-corrosion-resistant materials such as E8, E10 and others, surface preparation is
carried out in accordance with the standards or technical conditions for the painting process.
3.7. Materials and chemicals used to prepare the surface before

staining are given in reference Appendix 6.
3.8. O b e z z i r i v a n i e
3.8.1. Type of processing and sequence of degreasing operations
choose according to the table. 6.
3.8.2. Solvent degreasing
3.8.2.1. Trichlorethylene, tetrachlorethylene (perchlorethylene), freon-113 (freon-113), freon-30 (freon-30)
and gasoline solvent for paints and varnishes (white alcohol), nefras C - are used as solvents for degreasing the
surface.
150/200.
3.8.2.2. Degreasing with trichlorethylene, tetrachlorethylene, freon-113 and freon-30 is carried out in the
presence of equipment that allows the regeneration of waste solvents.
Degreasing with freon-113 and freon-30 is carried out using equipment that prevents the release of vapors
into the atmosphere.
3.8.2.3. It is not allowed to treat with trichlorethylene: products wetted
with water or aqueous solutions; products made of aluminum and
its alloys containing a large amount of chips or having a small thickness (less than 0.5 mm);
products made of titanium and its alloys used in aircraft construction.

3.8.2.4. The pH value of the aqueous extract of trichlorethylene must be at least 6. To stabilize trichlorethylene,
add 0.01 kg/m3 of one of the following substances: triethylamine, monobutalamine, methenamine or 5-10 kg/m3
STAT-1.
3.8.2.5. Technological modes for degreasing with solvents are given in Table 7.
3.8.2.6. Mass concentration of oils in solvents intended for

treatment exposure in solvent vapors should not exceed 600 kg/m3
processing by immersion and spraying before drying - 2 kg/m3 .
3.8.3. Degreasing with emulsion compositions
Table 6
Solvent treatment
Treatment Heating with hot water Treatment with iodine solution
Characteristics of fat content to

alkaline solution
immersion temperature
exposure emulsion in two consecutive V
surfaces (70-90), ÿÿ swelling or
in pairs composition
grease spraying
bath baths
Availability of thin - -
+ - - - -
layers - - -
+ - - -
mineral oils, - - - - -
+ -
mixed with
dust, grease,
lube-
cooling
emulsions,
mixed with
metal shavings
and
dust
Presence of thick -
+ + - - - -
layers + - - - -
+ -
conservation lubricants and oils -

+ - - -
+ -
- -
+ + - - -
- - - - - -
+
Presence of - -
+ + -
+ -
graphite lubricants,
- -
+ - -
+ -
carbon deposits, grinding and - - - -

+ + -
polishing agents - - - - - -
+
low
The sign (+) means that this operation is carried out, the sign (-) means that it is not carried out.
3.8.3.1. Technological modes of degreasing with emulsion compositions

are given in table. 8.
(Changed edition, Amendment No. 1),
3.8.3.2. The need to replace emulsion solutions is determined
experimentally to reduce the quality of defatting.
3.8.3.3. Emulsion degreasing solutions are used when available
equipment for neutralization and disposal of waste solutions.
Table 7
Pressure Duration of processing, mm
Temperature, ÿC liquid, MPa

Names of solvent in pairs
spray immersion
solvent
(kgf/cm2 )
Tetrachlorethylene 20 ÿ 5
-
1-5 - -
Trichlorethylene stabilized 15 - 40 40 0,05-0,30

-
1-2 -
±5 (0,5-3,0) 1-3 - -
Tetrachlorethylene 121 ÿ 5 87 ±
- - -
2-3
Trichlorethylene stabilized Chladon-113, Chladon-30, gasoline - 5 20 ± 5 - - -

2-3
-
1-5 - -
solvent for paints and varnishes, nefras S-150/200

Table 8
Mass Liquid Processing time, min
Material of
Brand concentration Temperature, ÿC pressure, MPa
processed products pH
composition composition,
spray immersion
kg/m3 (kgf/cm2 )
TMS-31- 60-80 8,2- 20-60 -
5-20 -
All metals 1A 8,6

Apolyr-K EO-1 30-75 -
60-70 -
5-20 -
40-100 9,6- 15-30 0,1-0,2

-
1-2
10,0 (1,0-2,0)
Ferrous metals
EO-1 40-230 9,6- 15-30 -
5-30 -
10,0
Note. Degreasing compositions TMS-31-1A and Apolir-K are used during interoperational storage to remove fatty contaminants of the second degree of
grease, in which case subsequent degreasing with aqueous solutions is necessary.
3.8.4. Degreasing with alkaline aqueous solutions is carried out according to the recommended
Appendix 7.
The consumption standards for degreasing compounds for surfaces with the first degree of grease
are given in the table. 8a. When using compositions not listed in Table 8a, it is allowed to increase
their consumption by 10% of the consumption of the standardized composition used for the same
purposes.
Table 8a
Consumption standard, g/m2 , Not

Composition name Directions for use more, with difficulty group
1 2 3
KM-1 Spraying at 60-65°C Immersion at 60-65°C Spraying at 6 8 9
KM-1 60-65°C Immersion at 60-70°C Spraying at 60-70°C 8 10 12

KMU-1 Immersion at 80-90°C Spraying at temperature 70-85°ÿ 6 8 9
KM-19 The same Spraying at a temperature of 60-75°ÿ 8 10 12

KM-18 Immersion at a temperature of 75-80°ÿ Spraying at a 6 8 9
LABOMID 203 temperature of 75-80°ÿ Immersion at a temperature of 9 11 13
LABOMID 101 75-80°ÿ Spraying at a temperature of 75-80°ÿ Spraying 8 10 11
LABOMID 102 TEMP at a 8 10 11
100D MC-15 temperature of 60 -85°C 8 10 11
MC-15 8 10 12
MC-17 6 8 9
MC-17 8 10 12
ML-51 6 8 9
6 8 9
Table 8a (Introduced additionally, Amendment No. 3).

3.8.5. In technically justified cases (large-sized products with complex profiles, repair surface
preparation, touch-up of assembled products, etc.), degreasing is carried out using brushes or wiping
material moistened with white spirit or aqueous solutions.
Brushes and wiping material should not leave traces (particles of material, lint, etc.) on the surface
being treated.
3.9. Removal of oxides
3.9.1. Choosing a method for cleaning the surface of metals of groups I and II, depending on
The degree of surface oxidation and the degree of purification from oxides are carried out according to the table. 9.
Table 9
Oxidation degree
Method for removing oxides Application example
surfaces
AG B IN
Degree of purification from oxides
Etching 1 2 1
1 Processing of products of any shape. Removing
hard-to-reach oxides from
places (pockets, holes, grooves, etc.) 1

Processing products of simple
Shot blasting, shot blasting, jet abrasive, liquid 1 2 1
shape, mainly with a wall thickness of more than 3 mm
abrasive, vibro-abrasive processing
Mechanized (rotating cleaning 2 4 3 3 Treatment of large-sized products (cleaning welds,

brushes, removing corrosion products, etc.), local
pneumatic hammers, with
removal of oxides or old paint coatings before
using sanding cloths, etc.) repair painting
Cleaning manually using a wire brush, scraper, 3 4 4 3, 4 Same

or sanding pads
hammer or
Note. Manual cleaning is allowed if there is light rust on the surface or

traces of corrosion. In this case, the 1st or 2nd degree of purification from oxides is achieved.

3.9.2. Mechanical surface cleaning
3.9.2.1. Mechanical cleaning is carried out by grinding with abrasive wheels, in drum and
vibration installations; quartzization; by abrasive blasting, shot blasting or other mechanical
methods.
For blasting, shot blasting and abrasive processing, cast iron or
steel shot according to GOST 11964-81 or grinding materials according to GOST 3647-80.
3.9.2.2. Shot blasting and shot blasting of products is carried out at thickness
metal at least 3 mm.
Shot blasting of thin-walled products is allowed, unless
their geometric shape is disrupted.
(Changed edition, Amendment No. 1).
3.9.2.3. After cleaning aluminum and aluminum alloys with metal sand
carry out etching of products in solutions of nitric acid.
3.9.2.4. Products made from magnesium alloys are cleaned according to standards or
technical specifications for the product.
3.9.2.5. Products made of corrosion-resistant steels after cleaning with grinding
the material is etched.
Special mechanical engineering products made from corrosion-resistant steels, aluminum,
aluminum and magnesium alloys are processed according to standards, technical specifications
or design documentation for the product.
3.9.2.6. The size of metal shot or grinding materials for abrasive cleaning and air pressure
are set depending on the wall thickness according to the table. 10 or design documentation
for the product.
Table 10
Wall thickness Sanding material or metal shot Grain size Air pressure, MPa (kgf/cm2 )
products, mm mm 0.1-0.2 (1-2)
Until 0,5-2,0
Quartz sand
1 Sv. 1 » 3 3,5-2,0 0,3-0,5 (3-5)
Wall thickness Sanding material or metal shot Grain size Air pressure, MPa (kgf/
products, mm mm cm2 )
»3 2,0-2,5 0.4-0.6 (4-6)
To 1 0,15-0,30 0.2-0.5 (2-5)
St. 1 » 0,30-0,50 0.4-0.5 (4-5)
Metal sand
2.5 » 2.5 » 0,50-0,80 0.4-0 .6 (4-6)
5.0 » 0,80-1,00 0.4-0.6 (4-6)
5.0 To 1 14, 16 0.10-0.15 (1-1.5)
St. 1 » 3 Abrasive powder 0.15-0.25 (1.5-2.5)
» 0 .30-0.40 (3-4)
3 to 1 0.1; 0.2 0.2-0.3 (2-3)
St. 1 » Metal shot 0.2; 0.3 0.3-0.4 (3-4)
3»3 from 0.3 and above 0.4-0.6 (4-6)
Notes.
1. For grinding materials, the grit numbers are given, for metal shot - the shot numbers.
2. Quartz sand is used only for jet abrasive processing.
(Amended edition. Amendment No. 1, 3).

3.9.2.6a. The surface roughness depending on the type of jet-abrasive treatment and the
required minimum thickness of the paint and varnish coating are given in reference Appendix 11.
(Introduced additionally, Amendment No. 2).

3.9.2.7. Jet-abrasive processing is carried out with a suspension of sand or electrocorundum
in water under a pressure of 0.3-1.0 MPa (3.0-10.0 kgf/cm2 ), the volumetric ratio of abrasive to
water should be from 1:6 to 1:1.
3.9.2.8. To prevent corrosion of ferrous metals, one of the following is introduced into the suspension:
components listed in table. 11.
Table 11
Component name Mass concentration, kg/m3
Tannin 20-30,0
Potassium dichromate (sodium) Soda ash 0,5-1,0
Sodium nitrate 1,5-2,5
2,0-10,0
3.9.2.9. Cleaning of magnesium alloys with mechanized or hand tools is carried out using
71F grade skins.
3.9.2.10. Gas flame cleaning of the surface before cleaning by hand or
using a power tool is carried out with a metal thickness of at least 6 mm.
3.9.3. Etching
3.9.3.1. Compositions of solutions and modes of etching of ferrous and non-ferrous metals
are given in table. 12 and GOST 9.305-84
Table 12
Solution composition Processing mode
Mass concentration, kg/m3 ,
by immersion spraying
Designation during processing
material or Pressure
Component name
product characteristics Temperature, Duration, Temperature, liquids. spray immersion Duration,
ÿÿ i ÿÿ MPa i
(kgf/cm2 )
Products of groups I and II Sulfuric acid Inhibitor (catapin, PB-6, 200-250 50-100 0.1-0.2
metals
HOSP-10 and others) Hydrochloric acid 60-80 10-30 60-80 3-5
1-5 5-10 (1,0-2,0)
Sulfuric acid Inhibitor (catapin,
PB-6, HOSP-10 and 30-50
others) Hydrochloric
175-200 -
15-35 3-30 - - -
acid Inhibitor (catapin, PB-6, HOSP -10 and

1-5
others) Sulfuric acid Sodium
chloride Sulfuric acid 200-250 50-100 0,1-0,2
Sodium chloride Additive ChM 15-35 10-30 15-35 2-3
1-5 5-10 (1,0-2,0)
120-170
-
66-85 6-8 - - -
140-180
125-200
30 -
15-35 510-80 - - -
1-2
Steel products, 0,1-0,2
Phosphoric acid 100-150 50-100 70-80 20-60 60-80 5-8
having welded seams, (1,0-2,0)
iron casting Composition 1120 100-150 -
15-40 20-60 - -
Products from group III Hydrochloric acid 200-300

metals Nitric acid 50-100 -
15-35 30 - - -
Ferric chloride Sulfuric 20-120

acid Nitric acid 80-110
100-200 -
15-35 10-60 - - -
Hydrofluoric acid Nitric acid 15-50

350-400
-
15-35 10-20 - - -
Hydrofluoric acid Hydrochloric acid 15-25

100-250 -
15-35 10-30 - - -

Mass concentration, kg/m3 ,
Designation during processing
material or product Pressure
Component name
characteristics Temperature, Duration, Temperature, liquids. spray immersion Duration,
ÿÿ i ÿÿ MPa i
(kgf/cm2 )
Hexamine 10-20
Hydrochloric acid 100-250
Sulfuric acid KS inhibitor 300-400 -

15-35 5-20 - - -
Products from group 2-3
III Hydrochloric acid Nitric acid 300-600

-
15-35 5-10 - - -
metals 80-100
Aluminum and
Caustic soda 40-60 -
45-60 Until 2
- - -
aluminum alloys
Caustic soda 10-15
Sodium nitrate Soda ash Caustic 5-10 -
40-55 Until 2
- - -
soda Soda ash Nitric acid 12-15

20-35
-
40-55 Until 2
- - -
20-30
High silicon 230-280

-
13-35 5-20 - - -
aluminum alloys
Hydrofluoric acid Nitric acid 7-10
40-52
-
15-40 1-3 - - -
Hydrofluoric acid Nitric acid Hydrofluoric acid 130-140
High silicon 660-680

aluminum alloys -
15-35 Until 3
- - -
120-140
acid
Copper and its alloys Sulfuric acid Sulfuric 180-200 -

15-35 1-20 - - -
acid Iron (III) sulfate 8-12

-
15-35 0,2-0,3
- - -
Copper and its alloys with oxidized 90-110
sodium hydroxide 400-600

strongly
-
136-145 20-30 - - -
surface beryllium and

Sodium nitrate 200-250
bronze
Superinvar, Hydrochloric acid invar, kovar without scale 400
-
60-80 0,1-0,3
- - -
Sulfuric acid Hydrochloric 200

acid 1000 -
15-25 1-2 - - -
Solution Processing mode

composition Mass concentration, kg/m3
,
Designation
during processing
material or product Pressure
Component name
characteristics Temperature, Duration, Temperature, liquids. spray immersion Duration,
ÿÿ i ÿÿ MPa i
(kgf/cm2 )
Hydrochloric acid 1000
-
60-80 20-60 - - -
Formalin 50
Kovar, invar, Hydrochloric acid 1000

-
40-50 10-15 - - -
superinvar with dense Hexamine 40-50

layer of scale
-
60-80 20-60 - - -
Formalin 50
-
15-35 15-30 - - -
Sulfuric acid Hydrochloric 200

Permalloy acid Nitric acid 150
750 -
15-35 15-30 - - -
Sulfuric acid Nickel, 1000

monel metal Sulfuric acid 500 2-3 times for 2-3 s
Nitric acid 5000 -
15-35 with intermediate - - -
Sodium chloride 5-10 washing
Note. Composition 1120 can be applied to the surface with a brush or wiped with a rag.
3.9.3.2. The compositions of the solutions are adjusted by adding concentrate or appropriate components.
3.9.3.3. The maximum permissible mass concentrations of iron salts in etching solutions
3.9.3.4. To remove scale and rust from the surface of large-sized products made of metals of groups I and II, an
etching paste is used, which is applied with a spatula, plaster spatulas or a paste gun and left for 1-6 hours, after which
the surface is washed with water and 0.5-1.0 h - passivating paste is applied, then washed and dried.
3.9.3.5. The compositions of etching and passivating pastes are given in table. 14.
3.9.3.6. When preparing the surface of products intended for operating conditions U1, U2, U3, UHL4, rust converter
primers are used for surfaces with oxidation degree A, if it is impossible to use abrasive blasting or other methods that
provide higher durability of the coating.

Table 13
Maximum permissible mass concentrations, kg/m3 , during processing
Name of iron salt
Sulfuric acid 150-180 250-300
Chloride 200-220 300-380
Phosphoric acid 20-25 15-18
Table 14
Component name Etching paste Quantity, kg
Water 170
Inhibitor (PB-5, catapin, COSP-10 and others) Contact Petrov 5
Sulfuric acid with a 5
density of 1840 kg/m3 77
Orthophosphoric acid with a density of 1700 kg/m3 24

Hydrochloric acid with a density of 1190 kg/m3 213
Cellulose sulfite lye Infusor earth 146
(Tripol) 360
Passivating paste
Water 472
Cellulose sulfite lye Sodium hydroxide 96
Sodium dichromate 9
(potassium) Ciliate earth (tripod) 23

380
3.9.3.7. Thick layers of scale and rust from ferrous metal products of complex shape are
removed by immersion in a melt of sodium hydroxide (420-480°C) or a melt of a mixture of
sodium hydroxide and sodium nitrate in a ratio of 3:1 (450-500°C) for 10-
45 min. In this case, the degreasing operation is not carried out. It is permissible to use other
methods that provide the required degree of purification from oxides.
3.9.3.8. Compositions for simultaneous degreasing and etching are given in table. 15.
3.10. K h i m h e s k a k t i v a t s i
3.10.1. Chemical activation is carried out to ensure consistent quality
phosphate layer based on zinc salts.
3.10.2. Treatment modes with activating solutions, monitoring and correction are given in
recommended Appendix 4.
3.11. Phosphating
3.11.1. Characteristics of the phosphatability of metals are given in the reference
Appendix 1.
3.11.2. (Deleted, Amendment No. 2).
3.11.3. Phosphating solutions based on zinc or iron salts in the process
during operation, sludge is removed by continuous filtration, sedimentation, etc.
To prepare phosphating solutions, distilled, demineralized or drinking water is used. When
using drinking water, the consumption of phosphating compounds increases by 10-15%.
To prepare the KFA-8 working solution, use water corresponding to

requirements of clause 2 of table. 18.
3.11.4. To obtain zinc-phosphate coatings with a surface density of 2-3 g/m2 and reduce
losses of chemicals as a result of sludge formation, Rochelle salt (tartaric or grape-acid
sodium-potassium) is added to the phosphating solution based on KF-1 in an amount of 0.10-
0.15 kg per 1 m3 of solution.
Table 15
Solution Processing mode

Designation composition Mass
concentration, kg/m3
, during processing
material or
characteristic
Designation Pressure
component Temperature, Tempera Duration, liquids. MPa ÿÿ Long lasting
products spray immersion i direct, ÿS i
(kgf/cm2 )
Steel Sulfuric acid 200-250 Syntanol 50-100 0.15-0.20
rolling and casting DS-10 Orthophosphoric 60-70 5-15 50-60 3-5
2-5 0,5-1,0 (1,5-2,0)
20-30 20-30 0,15-0,20

acid
60-60 10-30 50-60 3-5
Sintanol DS-10
2-5 0,5-1,0 (1,5-2,0)
Steel Orthophosphoric
150-200 50,-100 0,15-0,20
products, acid
having 70-80 5-15 60-70 3-5
Sintanol DS-welded
seams, 10 cast iron 2-5 0,5-1,0 (1,5-2,0)
In the process of adjusting the phosphating solution, Rochelle salt is introduced together with sodium nitrate in the
form of an aqueous solution continuously through a dosing device.
3.11.5. The parameters of phosphating solutions and phosphating modes are given in table. 16.
The consumption standards for activating and phosphating compounds are given in table.
16a, compositions for simultaneous degreasing and phosphating - in table. 16b.
3.11.3-3.11.5. (Amended edition, Amendment No. 1, 3).
3.11.6. Monitoring and adjustment of phosphating solutions is carried out according to
mandatory Appendix 8.
3.12. P a s i v i r o v a n i e
3.12.1. Parameters of passivating solutions and technological modes
passivation are given in table. 17.
3.12.2. Preparation, control and adjustment of passivation solutions
are given in mandatory Appendix 9.
3.12.3. Products with coatings obtained by chemical and electrochemical methods, made
of copper and its alloys, corrosion-resistant steels, products with zinc-barium-phosphate and
zinc-magnesium-phosphate coatings are passivated according to GOST 9.305-84.
3.13. Rinsing with water
3.13.1. To wash products, use water with the original parameters,
meeting the requirements of table. 18.

3.13.2. The washing duration should be at least 0.5 minutes.
3.13.3. Large and complexly shaped products are recommended
rinse with a hose.
3.13.4. The method for calculating water consumption for flushing is given in recommended
Appendix 10.
3.14. Drying of processed products.
3.14.1. Drying modes are given in table. 19.
3.14.2. When degreasing products using brushes or wiping material moistened with white spirit, instead of drying,
it is permissible to wipe the surface dry with a clean, lint-free cleaning material and blow with dry, purified compressed
air.

3.14.3. Drying of parts processed in polypropylene drums is carried out directly in the
drums at a temperature of no more than 80 ° C in a drying chamber with heated air circulation.
Table 16
Parameters of phosphating Processing mode
Mass Total
Mass Pressure
Designation concentration General Free Mass massive
digging concentration acidity, Duration, liquids, Temperature,ÿÿ Region pr
component component, kg/m acidity, concentration concentration of nitrous acid Processing method i MPa
"dots" "dots" zinc, kg/m3 zinc and
nickel kg/m3
sodium, kg/m3 (kgf/cm2 )
Concentrate KF-1 20% 23,3-24,7

solution
3,0-3,5
sodium hydroxide
10-14 45-55
0,08-0,10
0,5-0,8 2,6-2,8 -
0.10-0.16 Spray 1,5-2,0
10% solution (0,8-1,0)
nitric acid 1,8-2,2 Phosphate
sodium carbon steels
Concentrate KF-1 20% 32,0-34,0
solution promotion
4,5-6,0
sodium hydroxide and protective
17-19 1,5-1,4 4,2-4,5 -
0,15-0,16 5,0-10,0 45-50 -
10% solution paint coatings,

nitric acid 1,8-2,2 anodic
sodium
sfatnoe Concentrate KF-3 20% 70,0-74,0 electroos
solution
11,9-14,3
sodium hydroxide 20-25 1,1-1,3 8,0-10,0 - -
4,0-5,0 50-55 -
Concentrate KF-1 (corrective) -
Concentrate KF-1
37,0-39,0 For by
adhesion and
Dive
10% solution properties
17-19 2,7-2,8 4,2-4,5 -
0,20-0,25 5,0-10,0 70-75 -
nitric acid 2,8-3,1 low alloy

sodium mechanically
cleared
Concentrate KF-3 72,5
Phosphatyrocarb
Concentrate KF-1 advance

-
20-25 2,2-2,3 8,0-10,0 - -
5,0-10,0 75-80 -
sfatnoe (corrective) mechanical

cleaning
promotion
and protective

Mass Total
Mass Pressure
digging concentration Duration, liquids, Temperature,ÿÿ Region pr
component component, kg/m acidity, acidity, concentration, zinc concentration and
nitric acid
Processing method i MPa
"dots" "dots" zinc, kg/m3
nickel kg/m3
coatings
Concentrate KF-3 72,5 Phosphatiro
Concentrate KF-1 cast iron
-
(correction) 20% 20-25 1,1-1,3 8-10 - -

3,0-10,0 50-60 -
promotion
solution protective
11,9-14,3
sodium hydroxide coatings
Phosphoric acid (ortho) Phosphatiro

8,0-12,0 steel,
monosubstituted zinc or p
Aryan-
Barium nitrate 30.0-40.0 painted
precise
cadmium-plated
Nitric acid zinc 10,0-20,0 - - - - -
10-15 75-85 -
chrome products
Initial concentrate KF-12 Phosphatiro

19,4-20,4
Concentrate carbon steels
KF-12K (corrective) 20% -
cathodic
solution 16,5-17,5 7-13 0,1-0,4 -

0,5-1,0 0,10-0,12 1,5-2,5 50-60 0,09-0,12 anodic
sfatnoe sodium hydroxide Spraying (0,9-1,2) electroos
a also
promotion
and protective
paint and varnish
coatings
0,12-0,15 Simultaneously
KFA-8 concentrate 18,4-20,0 5-6 - - - -
2-5 50-60
(1.2-1.5) degreasing
20% solution 7,0-9,0 phosphatiro
sodium hydroxide steel
hotocin
sfatnoe Spraying
and electrol
galvanized
before
painted
before on

Mass Total
Mass Pressure
nitric acid
nickel kg/m3
powder coatings
Concentrate KFA-8 20% 37,0-39,0 At the same

solution time
14-18
sodium hydroxide degreasing ph
aluminum,
NaF HF or NH4F HF Based on ion F 0,12-0,15 hotocin
11-15 - - - -
2-5 50-60
or NaF 0.5 (1,2-1,5) and electrol
galvanized
Simultaneously
degreasing
0,5-0,8 phosphate
KFA-5 concentrate 10-12 25-35 - - - -
one 135-145 0,9(9) and large-
sprayer 1m2 gauge
carbon steel
products
Phosphoric acid For by
(ortho)monosubstituted sodium 9,7-10,3 adhesion

painted
Molybdic acid ammonium 0,1-0,15 powder
0,097-0,103 - - - - -
1,5-3,0 60-70
(1,0-1,5) materials
carbon steels
Tanin 0,097-0,103
Concentrate KF-7 45-55 Phosphate

electrolyte
sfatnoe 20% solution galvanized steel
18-18,5 18-20 0,6-0,7 5,0-6,0 - -
10-15 25-30 -
sodium hydroxide
painted
Phosphoric acid Steel phosphatiro
(ortho)monosubstituted 10,0-15,0
hunting zinc or p
Dive
precise Ammonium phosphate galvanized
10,0-15,0 products (having

Mass Total
Designation Mass
Mass Pressure
concentration General Free massive
nitric acid
nickel kg/m3 sodium, kg/m3 (kgf/cm2 )
Nitrous acid sandblasted
magnesium
70,0-100
polished
Iron nitrate 1,7-2,0 - - - - -
5-20 70-80 -
Oxalic acid 1,6-2,0 surface

To
Zinc oxalate
saturation
Detergent means
3,9-4,1
"Progress"
Notes:
1. The pH in the solution to obtain an iron phosphate coating should be 4.2-5.5.
2 Correction of the solution based on KF-3 is carried out with KF-1 compositions according to the mandatory Appendix 8.
3. Before phosphating with compounds KF-1, KF-3, KF-12, degreasing is carried out with detergent compositions that do not contain silicates.
4. During the initial preparation of the bath, the reduction of free acidity to equilibrium values is carried out with sodium hydroxide on the basis that its introduction in an amount
(dry) of 0.04 kg per 100 dm3 of phosphating solution reduces the free acidity by 1 point. Sodium hydroxide must be added to the bath in the form of a 10-20% solution.
Table 16a
Consumption Consumption of the
Input
Consumption composition for composition to replenish losses during
Group solution with Normative
Designation composition for replenishment filtration, g/m2
Processing method complexity consumption,
composition phosphating, product, losses at
products g/m2 g/m2
inputs, g/ m2 , continuous periodic
m 3 /m2 ÿ10-5
no more
Spraying (the
activator is introduced into the

1. AF-1 - - - - - -
0,2-0,4
degreasing bath) 2. AF-3
(AF-1, Immersion Tripoly phosphate (the activator 0,6-1,2

is introduced into the sodium) washing bath) Spraying (0,2-0,4,
0,4-0,8)
with 1 5 1,2 17,4-21,5
using Rochelle salt 19,8-23,9

2 15,0-18,6 15 3,6 0,2-0,4 1,0-1,3
and 22,2-26,3
activator 3 25 6,0 21,0-24,9
1 0 1,2 21,0-24,9
Spraying Rochelle without
2 18,6-22,0 15 3,6 0,2-0,4 1,0-1,3 23,4-27,3
salt
3. KF-1 3 25 6,0 25,8-29,7
Spraying without Rochelle salt and 1 5 1,2 27,8-31,9
2 25,4-29,0 15 3,6 0,2-0,4 1,0-1,3 30,2-34,3
activator 3 25 6,0 32,6-36,7
1 5 1,2 21,0-24,9
Spraying without
2 18,6-22,0 15 3,6 0,2-0,4 1,0-1,3 23,4-27,3
activator
3 25 6,0 25,8-29,7
Spraying at 4. Sodium nitrite
introduction into solution (dry) - - - - - -
KF-1 2,3-3,6
5. Potassium-sodium Spraying tartrate (Rochelle when

salt) introduced into a solution of KF-1
- - - - - -
1,0-1,2
Spraying at KF-12 temperature 1

6. 50ÿÿ with
activator 2 - - - -
0,5-0,8 0,5-0,8
(main)
3
1 5 0,5 0,6 11,0-13,7

7. KF-12K Spraying at (corrective) No more
2 10,3-13,0 15 1,5 1,7 12,0-14,7
temperature 50°S 0,1
3 25 2,3 2,7 13,1-15,8
Spraying 8. Sodium at
nitrite introduced into a solution - - - - - -
(dry) KF-12 1,0-1,2
Immersion at a temperature of
50-70°C
9. KF-1
in after with 1 5 1,9 15,6-20,0
combination 13,0-17,0
-
0,7-1,1
degreasing KM-19 (the activator 2 15 5,7 19,4-23,8
sodium nitrite
is introduced into the washing
bath) Immersion of the KF-1
solution at 10. V
Nitrite, sodium - -
1,4-2,0
temperature 70°ÿ 50-
Immersion at KF-3 temperature

11. 50-70°C
- - - - -
with activator 1,8-2,6 1,8-2,6
(main)
12. KF-1 Immersion at (corrective) 1 12,0-20,0 5 1,1 13,1-21,1

- -
temperature 50-70°C 2 -
15 3,3 15,3-23,3
Immersion KF-3 at
13.
- - - - -
temperature 50-70ÿÿ with activator 0,9-1,3 0,9-1,3
(main)
Consumption Composition consumption per

Input
Consumption composition for replenishment of losses during
Group solution Consumption
Designation composition for replenishment filtration, g/m2
Processing method complexity with
standard, g/
composition phosphating, product, g/ losses at
products m2 m2
inputs, g/ m2 , continuous periodic
m 3 /m2 ÿ10-5
no more
14. KF-1 Immersion (corrective) at 1 12,0-20,0 5 1,1 0,1-0,3

-
13,2-21,4
temperatures 50-70ÿC 2 15 3,3 15,4-23,6
Diving at a temperature of 50-
- - - - - -
15. Sodium nitrite 70ÿÿ to remove iron from a KF-3 0,7-0,8
type solution
Steam jet
16. KFA-5 - - - - - -
80,0
method
17. KFA-8 Spraying Spraying - - - - - -
20,0-25,0
when machining aluminum
FLUORIDE
and him alloys
SALT:
hot-dip galvanized steels
18. Sodium - - - - - -
4,9
bifluoride 19.
Ammonium bifluoride 20.
- - - - - -
4,5
Sodium fluoride
- - - - - -
21. Potassium fluoride 6,5
- - - - - -
8,9
Note. A dash means the absence of an indicator or its insignificant value, not
subject to control.
Table 16, 16a (Changed edition, Amendment No. 3).

Table 16b
Expense for
Expense for
Load replenishment
Concentration Quantity Frequency preparing losses during Consumption for
of solution g/dm3 on Group technological phosphating, fresh losses, g/
tall baths bath changes bath, complexity Removal g/m2
solutions in the Intake g/
m 2 /(m2 ÿh) oils
bath. g/m2 m2
g/m2
2 2l , 12 30-40 1 0,5
3,8
2 0,6
4l l2 ,
30-40 1 6,8 1 1 0,6
20 3,5-4,0
2 3 1 0,7
2l l2 ,
10-15 11,5 0,9
12 1,0
(c 30-40 1,5 0,4

literal 1 1 1 0,5
m 1 ll 20 2 -
3 1
3,5-4,0
ivaniem) 0,5
10-15 4,6 0,6
so 30-40 7,6 0,7
2l l2 ,
2 2 0,9
2 40 12 1,0-2,0 6
1,4
19-15 22,8
1,6
so (c 30-40 6,1 2 0,6
literal 1 6 0,8
m 1 1l 40 2 1,0-2,0 2
ivaniem) 1,2
10-15 18,2 26
1,4
Expense for
Expense for
Load replenishment
Concentration Quantity
on preparing losses during Consumption for
Frequency of solution Group technological phosphating, fresh Removing losses, g/
tall baths bath changes bath, complexity
g/dm3 solutions in the g/m2 Intake
m2 /(m2 ÿh) oils
bath. g/m2 g/m2
g/m2
- 50%, so - 1 2 0,7
2 2l,
30-40 40 7,6 3,5-4,0 2
50% 2 6 0,9
Note. In the column “Frequency of bathtub changes” the first digit indicates the number of changes
solution, and the index indicates the bath number.
Table 16b (Introduced additionally, Amendment No. 3).

Table 17
Mass concentration, kg/m3 Processing mode

Designation
Characteristics of , during processing spray immersion
passivating
products Temperature, Duration, Temperature, Spray Immersion Duration
material
ÿÿ i ÿÿ i
Products Nitrous acid from sodium 4,0-5,0 1,0-2,0 50-60 45-50 1,0-2,0 1,0-2,0
metals
group I without KP-2A phosphate 0,35-0,7 0,35-0,7 40-50 0,5-1,0 40-50 0,5-1,0
coating Basic 0,35-0,7 0,35-0,7 40-50 0,5-1,0 40-50 0,5-1,0
chromium dichromate
Mono- or 5,0-10,0 3,0-5,0 40-60 2,0-3,0 40-60 1,0-2,0
triethanolamine
substances, 0,1-0,2 0,1-0,2 40-50 0,5-1,0 40- 50 0,5-1,0
containing
hexavalent
V
chromium on
recalculation
chromic anhydride
Products KP-2A 0,35-0,7 0,35-0,7 40-50 0,5-1,0 40-50 0,5-1,0
zinc- with Basic 0,35-0,7 0,35-0,7 40-50 0,5-1,0 40-50 0,5-1,0
phosphate chromium dichromate
coating obtained substances, 0,1-0,2 0,1-0,2 40-50 0,5-1,0 40-50 0,5-1,0
from solutions containing KF-hexavalent
1, KF-3, KF-12, chromium KFA-8. KFA-5
V
recalculation on
of chromic
anhydride
Notes.
1 Solutions containing hexavalent chromium are neutralized with a 20% solution of hydroxide
sodium to pH 4.0-5.0, passivating solutions KP-2A and basic chromium dichromate - to 3.0-5.0.
2 Passivation with sodium nitrate and mono- or triethanolamine is used only for
interoperational protection with mandatory rinsing before painting.
3 When processing by spraying, the liquid pressure must correspond to 0.08-0.12 MPa (0.8-1.2 kgf/cm2 ).
4 It is allowed to passivate before painting by anodic electrodeposition.

carry out, and replace it by washing with demineralized or distilled water.

Table 18
Scope of application Name of indicator Specific electrical Norm Test method

Washing products before 1 conductivity of source water, µS/cm No more than 20 -
staining method
electrodeposition
Specific electrical conductivity of water removed No more than 50 -
from
Scope of application Indicator name Norm Test method
last rinsing bath, µS/cm
Washing products before 2. Coloring by platinum-cobalt or imitation drying followed by dyeing No more than 35 According to GOST 3351-74
scale, degrees of color

Turbidity on a standard scale, mg/dm3 No more than 1.5 According to GOST 3351-74
Chlorides (Cl) - mg/dm3 , No more than 300 According to GOST 4245-72

2-
Sulfate (SO4) , mg/dm3 No more than 500 According to GOST 4389-72
Total hardness, mgÿeq/dm3 No more than 10 According to GOST 4151-77
pH value mg/ 6-8 -
products between 3* Chlorides (C1)- , mg/dm3 dm3 Washing No more than 1000 According to GOST 4245-72
2-
everyone operations Total (SO4) Sulfates , No more than 1500 According to GOST 4389-72
surface preparation hardness, mgÿeq/dm3 pH value No more than 40 According to GOST 4151-77
6-8 -
*
Water in baths for washing products between all surface preparation operations should be colorless and transparent

Table 19
Temperature, Duration, ÿÿ
Product characteristics Drying method i
Thick-walled large- and
Blowing with compressed air 15-33 Before drying
sized complex shapes products
Products processed in an oven or circulation drying chamber 80-110 Same

suspensions in stationary
baths or automatic heated air
lines
Products processed on special moving ones in bulk or in special containers 60-110 »
sieves, screw devices and chambers with circulation

of heated
air
Phosphated products In a drying cabinet or drying chamber with heated 60-180 »
air circulation
Table 20
Designation Designation
recommended degrees
operating preparation
Degree of removal of contaminants and Characteristics of the prepared
conditions for surfaces before
corrosion products surfaces
paint and varnish repair
coatings painting
GUEST 9.104-79
U1, HL1, UHL1, T1, I Complete removal No old contaminants.
up Removal
to the of paint oxides, oil
T2, OM1, OM2, V5 contamination second degree. Further corrosion products and oil
preparation surfaces is carried

out as for newly manufactured products
U2, HL2, U3, HL3, UHL3, II Removal On the surface of old products,
thin,
a non-
firmly adherent paint coating remains, leaving behind a
UHL2, T3, OM3 primers, individual points Degreasing continuous layer of rust with large pieces of scale.
and
rust, small pieces of scale tightly adjacent to the

base, and a light coating with a rusty tint in
previously
Designation Designation
recommended degrees
conditions preparation
Degree of removal of contaminants and Characteristics of prepared corrosion products
operation surfaces
surfaces
paint coatings before
repair
GUEST 9.104-79 staining
corroded places
UHL4 III Removal loose Contaminants remain on the surface of the
adjacent products, undamaged paintwork
organic and a coating that fits tightly to
inorganic basis
origin, paint damage local
old man
coatings,
behind the base
3.14.4. The quality of compressed air for blowing products must comply
requirements of GOST 9.010-80.
3.14.5. When degreasing products with freons, blowing is not carried out.
4. SURFACE PREPARATION BEFORE REPAIR PAINTING
4.1. Preparation of products before repair painting is carried out according to table. 20.
4.2. Removers are used to remove paint coatings from assembled products.
brands SD, SP-7, AFT-1, SBN-9 and others.
To increase the effectiveness of the AFT-1 brand wash, orthophosphoric acid is introduced into it
acid with a density of 1700 kg/m3 in an amount of 15 kg per 1 ton of remover.
4.3. Removers are applied with a brush or spray after peeling or swelling.
remove paintwork with a brush or spatula
4.4. After removing the paint coating using AFT-1, SNB-9 and SD grade washes, the surface of
the product is washed with thinner 646 or SD grade wash using
worn out.
After removing the paint and varnish coating with SP-7 brand remover, the products are washed
with water, followed by drying or wiping dry with a lint-free cloth.
4.5. To remove paint and varnish coatings from parts or components by immersion, removers of
the SP-6, AFT-1, SNB-9 brands or an alkaline solution given in table are used. 21.
4.6. The duration of the paint removal operation is determined by the coating system, its
thickness, operating conditions and the service life of the paint coating before repair.
4.7. For degreasing partially and fully painted products, use

aqueous compositions of type KM-2 according to the recommended Appendix 7 or white spirit.
Table 21
Composition of Mass concentration, kg/m3 Temperature, ÿC

the solution Sodium 100-300
hydroxide Sodium 50-100 70-95
carbonate Sodium silicate 10-20
5. QUALITY CONTROL OF SURFACE PREPARATION

5.1. Surfaces prepared for painting must be dry, dust-free, free from contamination with oils or
greases, and free from secondary corrosion deposits formed during surface treatment, with the
exception of hard-to-reach surfaces of products with complex configurations.
5.2. Control of the surface condition of products is carried out no later than 6 hours after surface preparation, and
additionally immediately before painting if the storage period is more than 6 hours according to Table. 22.
5.3. (Deleted, Amendment No. 1).

5.4. When preparing a surface in several operations, an assessment is carried out after
each operation.
When processing products in tunnel-type installations or on automatic lines in several
operations, the quality of the prepared surface is assessed based on the results of the main
operation (phosphating, chromating, etc.).
Quality control of degreasing, degree of purification from oxides and mechanical impurities
can be carried out using SIS-1 and “Surface” devices if there is a calibration curve of the
reference surface.
5.5. Quality control for fat-free products
5.5.1. The quality of degreasing must meet the requirements of one of the methods given
in table. 23.
5.5.2. Method for controlling the degree of degreasing by miscibility
The method is used to control surfaces after degreasing with water.
cleaning solutions.
The method for assessing the degree of degreasing by time before the water film breaks
on the treated surface is based on the ability of the water or solution film to maintain continuity
on a clean metal surface for a certain time and not collect in drops.
When determining the degree of degreasing, the product or sample is immersed in water
containing salts in accordance with GOST 2874-82 or spray a solution containing 50 g of nigrosin
per 1 dm3 of water containing salts in accordance with GOST 2874-82 on the surface of the product.
Violation of the continuity of the film is recorded visually under given lighting or fluorescent lamp lighting, without
taking into account the surface less than 10 mm away from the edges and sharp edges.
Table 22
Designation Control
Controlled indicators Requirements
operations methods
Solvent degreasing V Degreasing degree According to p. 5.5.1 According to p. 5.5
Degreasing in aqueous V Degree of degreasing Degree of According to According to p. 5.6
solutions removal of oxides clause 5.5.1, an increase in the initial oxidation According to p. 5.5
determined in table is not allowed. 2
Removal phosphate layer Degree of purification from oxides of oxides Surface Table 3, 9 According to p. 5.6
Phosphating density According to clause 5.7 According to p. 5.8
Appearance Durability of According to Visually

coating Degree of purification from oxides clause 5.9 According to p. 5.10
Passivation and According to clause 5.10, an increase in the initial According to p. 5.6
flushing oxidation determined in table is not allowed. 2 on a

phosphorized surface. Yellow is allowed Visually
Potekov passivating
hexavalent on basis
chromium solutions
Drying by before The degree of purification from oxides An increase in the initial oxidation determined from According to p. 5.6
dyeing the table is not allowed. 2

Designation Methods
Controlled indicators Requirements
operations control
Surface pH The presence of yellow is allowed. Visually passivating
Potekov
solutions on basis
hexavalent chromium 6-8

According to p. 5.11

Table 23
Time to rupture Presence
of an oil stain on Presence of a dark spot on a
Degreasing tested by the wiping method napkin film of water, s, with filter paper in the method when
degree
drip method
wettability
First More than Absent Not Not clearly expressed, vague

Second 30 Less than 30 clearly expressed, vague Explicit
Note. The second degree of degreasing is allowed before simultaneous operations

degreasing and pickling or simultaneous degreasing and phosphating.
The degree of degreasing is characterized by time in seconds from the start of the test
until the film breaks.
5.5.3. Method for controlling the degree of degreasing with drops of solvent.
The method is used to control surfaces after degreasing with organic
solvents and aqueous cleaning solutions (on a dry surface).
Apply 2-3 drops of solvent to the surface of the product (or sample) and
stand for at least 15 s.
A piece of filter paper is applied to the test surface area and
Press it to the surface until the solvent is completely absorbed into the paper.
Apply 2-3 drops of pure solvent to another piece of filter paper and
stand until it evaporates completely.
In daylight or artificial light, compare the appearance of both pieces of filter paper.
The degree of degreasing is determined by the presence or absence of an oil stain on

first piece.
5.5.4. Method for controlling the degree of degreasing by rubbing.
The method is used for surfaces degreased with aqueous cleaning solutions.
and organic solvents.
The quality of degreasing of metal surfaces before painting is controlled by visual inspection
in daylight or artificial light. When wiping the prepared surface with a clean rag, there should be
no traces of dust or grease on it.
5.5.2-5.5.4. (Amended edition, Amendment No. 1).

5.6. METHOD FOR MONITORING THE DEGREE OF PURITY OF WORDS
The degree of purification from oxides is determined by moving a plate of transparent material
measuring 25 x 25 mm with mutually perpendicular lines forming squares measuring 2.5 x 2.5
mm.
The degree of purification from oxides is determined by the ratio of the number of squares,
occupied by oxides, to the total number of squares, expressed as a percentage.
5.7. The surface density of phosphate coatings should not exceed the values given in table.
24.
Table 24
Surface density
Coverage type coatings,
g/m2
Zinc phosphate based on compositions KF-1 and 2,5-5
KF-3 Zinc phosphate based on compositions KF-1 and KF-3 before staining 1,5-3
electrodeposition method
Iron-phosphate (amorphous) 0,2-1
Zinc-manganese-iron-phosphate* 5-14
Zinc-phosphate based on KF-12 1,5-2,5
*
- For paint systems that are not subject to deformation loads
5.8. DETERMINATION OF SURFACE DENSITY AND PHOSPHATE COATING I
Surface density of coating (m), g/m2 , determined by the weight method and
calculated by the formula
mm
21
ÿ
m ÿ
S ,
where m1 is the mass of the sample after removing the phosphate coating, g;
m2 is the mass of the sample after phosphating, g;
S - sample area, m2 .
The area of the sample to determine the surface density must be at least 0.02 m2
.
The surface density of the phosphate coating is determined periodically depending on specific conditions, but at
least twice a week. If there is no automatic dosage, but if the readings are stable, surface density can be measured
once a week. If there is automatic adjustment of the phosphating bath, the surface density of the phosphate coating
can be determined twice a month.
Solutions for removing phosphate coatings are given in table. 25.

Table 25
Composition of the solution

Mass
temperature, Duration, °C
Coverage type Component name i
concentration, kg/m3
Iron- Chromic anhydride 50 70-75 0,5
phosphate
Zinc phosphate Sulfuric acid 50 40-45 1,0
Inhibitor (PB-5 catapine, etc.) 1
Sodium hydroxide 50 55-60 0,5-1,0

Sorbitol 50
Chromic anhydride 50 65-70 1,5-3,0
5.7; 5.8. (Amended edition, Amendment No. 1, 3).

5.9. The color of the phosphate coating ranges from light gray to black, depending on the composition of the
phosphating solution, the type of metal, and pre-treatment (mechanical, thermal). The shade is not standardized and
depends on the nature of the alloying metal.
Uneven color of the coating on products that have undergone heat treatment is allowed, as well as
different shades of the coating while maintaining the required protective properties of the coating.
The presence of rust and white salt deposits (sludge) is not allowed, for
excluding hard-to-reach surfaces of products with complex configurations.
5.10. CONTROL PROTECTIVE PROPERTIES OF PHOSPATE COATINGS
Specimens or products made of steel and cast iron with a phosphate coating are immersed in 1% -
solution of sodium chloride at a temperature of (20 ± 5) ° C for 5 minutes, then the cast iron sample is removed
from the solution and examined with the naked eye. Within 15-30 s, no corrosion of the base metal should be
observed on the controlled surface.
A sample or steel product is removed from the solution, washed with water containing salts in accordance with
GOST 2874-82, dried with compressed air that meets the requirements of GOST 9.010-80, a swab or cotton cloth, filter
paper and kept in air for 1 hour. When viewed with the naked eye, no corrosion of the base metal should be observed
on the controlled surface. (Changed edition, Amendment No. 1).
5.11. SURFACE CONTROL

Surface pH measurements are carried out immediately after drying the products. I apply universal indicator
paper moistened with distilled water to the surface of the product for 30 s, then the paper is removed and its
color is compared with the scale.
Control is carried out selectively in places where moisture accumulates, especially in places
connections of elements.
It is allowed to determine the pH of the surface by the pH of the flowing wash water on
the last stage of washing, which should be 6-8.
(Amended edition, Amendment No. 3).,
5.12. Requirements for the quality of chemical oxide and anodic-oxide coatings on
magnesium alloys must meet the requirements of GOST 9.301-86.
APPENDIX 1 Reference
Grades of ferrous metals included in groups I-III, and characteristics of phosphatability
Characteristic
Metal band Metal grade Standard designation
phosphatability
I low GOST
Carbon steel GOST 380-94 and
Phosphated
1050-74 alloy steels type:
St3kp, St6ps, 08kp, 08, 50, 15G, GOST 4543-71

50G, 10G2, A11, AS40, 15L, 55L, GOST 1414-75 16D, steel
09G2 and others GOST 977-75
GOST 6713-91
GUEST 19281-83
II Alloy steel type: 40
GUEST 1005-88
15X, 30XRA, 50X 18XG, 27XGR, 40XS,
50XN 20XNR,
30XGSA 35XXA, GUEST 4543-71
38X2Y, 18XGT, 25XGT, 35XGF, 25XGM,
40XMFA,
20X2N4A, 12ÿÿ3ÿ and others
Cast iron types SCh10, SCh15, SCh25 GOST 1412-79
III Corrosion-resistant steels type GOST 5632-72 20ÿ13, 20ÿ17ÿ2, Not phosphated
15ÿ6ÿÿ, 15ÿ28, 09ÿ15ÿ8ÿ, 12ÿ21ÿ5ÿ,
12ÿ18ÿ10ÿ and others
Notes
1. For phosphating of group II metals in solutions obtained on the basis of CP, it is required
experimental selection of processing modes.
2. Iron phosphate coating is used for products made of group I metals
3. Phosphating of high-strength steels is carried out in solutions used according to standards or
technical specifications
4. To obtain electrodeposited coatings with high protective characteristics, carbon steel types 06, 08kp, 08Yu are used, the amount of surface carbon
contamination on which does not exceed 12 mg/m2

APPENDIX 2
Mandatory
Dangerous Increased
Elevated Physically and
level temperature
Designation noise and chemically
voltage in the surface of electrical Explosion hazard Fire hazard
operations vibration dangerous and
factors equipment harmful
level
chains and material
Degreasing:
- -
+ Vapors, aerosols + -
chlorinated chlorinated and

and
fluorinated solvents
fluorinated solvents
gasoline- - -
+ White spirit vapors and + +
solvent aerosols
paint and varnish
materials,
nefrasom S-150-
200
alkaline - -
+ Vapors and aerosols
- -
water alkaline water

solutions solutions, splashes
emulsion
- -
+ Vapors and aerosols of
- -
compositions organic solvents and

emulsions
compositions
Removal - -
- -
oxides: hydrochloric, sulfuric,

etching hydrofluoric and
orthophosphoric acid
splashes
-
Abrasive + + + Solutions of sodium nitrate,

-
blasting, shot calcined

blasting,
soda, compounds
liquid- hexavalent
abrasive chromium,
dustiness
abrasive dust
Mechanical + + + Dustiness -
+
cleaning metal and
abrasive dust
Phosphating
- -
- -
phosphoric acid,
oxides
nitrogen and
connections
zinc, acidic
solutions, splashes
Preparation of solutions
- -
- -
of acids, acids, alkalis, compounds

detergents, phosphating
hexavalent
and
chromium
passivating compounds monoethanolamine,
triethanolamine
Dangerous Increased
Elevated Physically and
level temperature
Designation noise and chemically
voltage in the surface of electrical equipment Explosion hazard Fire hazard
operations vibration dangerous and
harmful factors
level
chains and material
Passivation
- -
+ Vapors, aerosols and
- -
splashes
of compounds
hexavalent
chromium,
monoethanolamine,
triethanolamine
Removing old ones
- -
+ Vapors, aerosols and
- -
paint and varnish splashes of alkaline solutions

coatings:
alkaline
solutions
Removers SD, SP-7, AFT-1
- -
+ Vapors, aerosols and + +
splashes
of solvents and
washes
Application - - - - -
converter Hydrocarbon and phosphorus

primers vapors
acids
The sign (+) means that the factor exists, the sign (-) means it is absent.

APPENDIX 3 Mandatory
Measures to ensure occupational safety

Housing Wed
naming Mechanization Ventilation Interlocking
electrical safety and local screens and Acoustic Dust Absorption Devices individuals
operations and
systems other protection for
automation smell
fencing
fattening: + + O O + - -
Boys
rated overalls
robes, and
rated bio
thieves gloves,
protective
otherwise O + + + + - -
Boys
thief overalls
colorful robes,
Rialov, rubberized
Asom S-150- aprons,
boots, and
face-to-face + + -
O + - -
was
smile gloves,
thieves protective
face-to-face + + + O + - -
smile
thieves with
zenie
tric
sion + + -
O + - -
avam
laziness + + -
O + - -
Robes
hunting acidity
laziness fabrics,
Measures to ensure occupational safety

Screens Wed
naming Mechanization Ventilation Interlocking
and local electrical safety casing and Acoustic Dust Absorbing individuals
operations and
systems other protection devices for
automation smell
fencing
rubberized
aprons,
boots and
protective
yno- + + + + + + + The overalls
zivny are waterproof
nic fabric, soaked
boyish
weaving, jet overalls
weaving rubberized
aprons,
boots and
breathe
protective
ical O + - -
O - -
Cotton
vation overalls
robes,
rubberized
aprons,
boots and
protective
fatting + + -
O + - -
robes
acidity
fabrics,
rubberized
aprons,
boots and
ivyrovaniye + + -
O + - -
Robes
acidity
fabrics,
rubberized
aprons,
boots and
cooking + + -
+ + - -
Robes
thieves acidity
from alkali-attenuating fabrics,

rubberized
shih and
aprons,
ivating boots and
thieves
lenition of the old O + -
O + - -
Boys
colorful creations overalls
robes,
vkami and
gloves
canopy protective
tovok- rubberized
educators aprons
The sign (+) means that the safety measure is mandatory, the sign (-) does not include
required, (O) - recommended action.

APPENDIX 4
Recommended
TREATMENT MODES WITH ACTIVATING SOLUTIONS, CONTROL AND CORRECTION
1. Activating compounds are dissolved in water containing salts in accordance with GOST 2874-
82.
2. The activating composition AK-1 (oxalic acid) is used in the absence
activators AF-1 and AF-3.
3. Activators AF-1 and AF-3 are introduced into the washing bath, into the degreasing bath - AF-
1. Activator AK-1 is introduced only into the rinsing bath.
4. Treatment modes with activating solutions are given in the table.
5. Control of activating solutions based on titanium activators such as AF-1 and
AF-3 before the phosphating operation is carried out according to total alkalinity and pH.
To determine the alkalinity of activating solutions AF-1 and AF-3, 25 cm3 of activating solution is placed
in a conical flask with a capacity of 250 cm3 ,
add 1-3 drops of methyl orange indicator and titrate with a solution of hydrochloric acid with a molar concentration of 0.1
mol/dm3 until the color of the solution changes from yellow to red. The number of cubic centimeters of hydrochloric acid
solution used for titration determines its alkalinity in conventional units -
"points".
pH is determined with a pH meter (pH-121, pH-340 and others).

6. Control of activating solutions based on the acidic activating composition AK-1 (oxalic acid) before the
phosphating operation is carried out by the acidity of the activator, determined by direct permanganate
titration, and pH.
To determine the acidity of the activator AK-1 (oxalic acid) in a solution, 10 cm3 of the activating solution
is placed in a conical flask with a capacity of 250 cm3 ,
add 15-20 cm3 of sulfuric acid solution with a molar concentration of 1 mol/dm3 ,
heated to a temperature of 70-80°C and titrated with a solution of potassium permanganate with a molar
concentration of 0.02 mol/dm3 until a stable pink color appears within 15-20 s. The number of cubic
centimeters of potassium permanganate solution with a molar concentration of 0.02 mol/dm3 consumed for
titration,
determines the acidity of the activator in conventional units - “points”.
5, 6. (Amended edition, Amendment No. 1).
7. The concentration of the AK-1 activator in the degreasing bath is not controlled. 8.
Correction of activating solutions AF-1 and AF-3 when introduced into the rinsing bath is carried out with
the initial compositions AF-1 and AF-3, respectively, based on the calculation that the introduction of 0.5 kg/
m3 AF-1 and 0.75 kg/m3 AF -3 increases the alkalinity of the solution by 1
"point".
9. Adjustment of the activating solution AK-1 is carried out with the initial composition of
calculation that the introduction of 0.45 kg/m2 AK-1 increases its content by 1 “point”.
10. When introducing the AF-1 activating composition into the KM-1 degreasing solution, adjustment of
the solution with the AF-1 activator is carried out simultaneously with the adjustment with the KM 1
degreasing composition on the basis that the ratio between the KM-1 composition and the AF-1 activator is
1.0: 0.057 .
Designation
Processing mode
Alkalinity
Meaning Mass Pressure
material or product Designation or
indicator concentration, acidity, kg/m3 Temperature, liquid, °C Long lasting
characteristics composition Processing methodRN MPa i
"dots"
(kgf/cm2 )
Products I and II AF-1 groups of Spraying 7.2-7.8 0,4-0,5 1 30-40 0.1-0.2 0,5-2,0
metals (1.0-2.0)
AF-1 Immersion 7.2-7.8 Same 0,4-0,5 1 30-40 -
0,5-2,0
AFZ 8.5-9.1 1.8-2.0 1,0-1,5 3,0-3,5 30-40 -
0,5-2,0
AK-1 » 50-10,0 11-22 20-35 -
1,0-5,0
AF-1 in Spray -
0,4-0,5 -
30-70 - -
Processing mode
Designation Alkalinity
Meaning Mass Pressure
material or characteristic Designation or
indicator, liquid, acidity, kg/m3 Temperature, concentration Long lasting
composition Processing methodRN °C MPa i
products "dots"
(kgf/cm2 )
degreasing
solution
Product springs Hydrochloric acid Immersed sulfuric
-
50-100 - - -
1,0-2,0
with or
cemented acid
nitrided methenamine Hydrochloric acid and Same -
50-100 15-35 -
1,0-2,0
surfaces 40-50
APPENDIX 5
Recommended
SURFACE PREPARATION OF MAGNESIUM ALLOYS
1. The flow diagram of the chemical oxidation process is given in Table 1.
Table 1
Sequence of technological operations of chemical oxidation

Filling
Etching Boiling in Treatment of
films in
Metal V solution in solution of calcined Chemical
Degreasing chromic Drying
solutions chromium oxidation
anhydride
acids of soda anhydride
solution
Deformable + + - -
+ -
+
magnesium
alloys
Machined + -
+ -
+ + +
details from
magnesium
alloys
Foundry + + + + + -
+
magnesium
alloys
Note. After each operation, rinsing in cold running water is necessary; after degreasing, rinsing in hot and cold water is necessary.
2. Processing of cast magnesium alloys in solutions of soda ash and chromic anhydride is carried out in the
presence of flux inclusions or an old oxide film.
3. Degreasing of cast magnesium alloys subjected to acid pickling is optional.
4. If there is a conservation agent on the surface of products made of magnesium alloys

lubricants are degreased with organic solvents.
5. Pickling in acid solutions is used for products made of magnesium alloys, not
having sizes of the first and second accuracy classes.
6. To remove the oxide film, use a solution of caustic soda with a mass concentration of 200-400 kg/m3 at a
temperature of 70-80°C, treatment duration is 5-15 minutes. After processing, the product is washed hot, then in a cold
running stream.
7. Solutions for etching magnesium are given in table. 2.

8. The compositions of chemical oxidation solutions and processing modes are given in table. 3.
Table 2
Composition of the solution Processing mode
Mass
Workpiece Designation Temperature, Duration, ÿÿ
concentration, kg/
component i
m3
Cast semi-finished products and Nitric acid 15-30 15-35 1-2
magnesium products Orthophosphoric 37-42 15-35 0,3-0,5
alloys cast in a chill mold acid
Chromic anhydride Nitric 15-25

acid Sulfuric acid 90-100 15-35 0,3-0,5
Potassium dichromate 3-5
5-6
Products made from deformable materials Chromic 80-100 15-35 2-5

alloys
anhydride Sodium 8-10
nitrate Chromic 150-250 15-35 2-5
anhydride Sodium 25-35
nitrate Calcium fluoride 2-3
Note. Etching in a solution of chromic anhydride is allowed.
9. After chemical oxidation in composition 1, additional filling is carried out in solutions of

potassium dichromate at a mass concentration of 100-150 kg/m3 and a temperature of 70-100°C
for 20-40 minutes.
10. Before chemical oxidation of magnesium casting in solutions 1-5, treatment is carried out
in a solution of chromic anhydride at a mass concentration of 100-200 kg/m3 and a temperature
of 18-25°C for 8-12 minutes.
11. Compositions of solutions of anodic oxidation of magnesium alloys and processing modes
12. The ratio of anodized areas is 1:1.
13. The anodic oxidation process is regulated by voltage.
14. Correction of solutions of chemical oxidation and anodic oxidation
carried out by adding the missing amount of components.
15. After removing the old oxide film, etching is allowed.
Table 3
Magnesium grade Mass
Designation Temperature, Duration, concentration, ÿÿ
alloy Solution numbercomponent i
kg/m
MA2, MA2-1 p.ch., ML5 1 Sodium fluoride Potassium 30-50 15-35 5- 10
(injection molding, ML5 dichromate Magnesium
70-100
(injection molding), VML11D sulfate
(injection molding) 2 Manganese sulfate 30-50 15-35 15-20
30-50
MA2, MA2-1 p.h., ML5 (in- Potassium dichromate

40-55
ground casting), ML5 (injection Nitrogen
molding), under (density kg/ acid
VML11D (injection molding), 3
m3 ) 1400 90-120 70-80 0,25-2,0
ML5 p.h. under
ML5,
Ammonium chloride 0,75-1,25
MA2, MA2-1 p.ch., ML5 Potassium dichromate

15-20
(casting in the ground), Nitrogen
ML5 (injection molding), 4 (density kg/ acid 70-80 0,5-2,0
VML11D (casting m3 ) 1400 21-30
under

Magnesium grade Mass
Designation Temperature, Duration, ÿÿ
alloy Solution numbercomponent concentration, kg/m
i
pressure), MA8, MAI, MA15,

MA5, VM65, MA14, MA12,
Ammonium chloride 0,75-l,25
MA19
MA2, MA2-1 p.ch., ML5 (injection Potassium dichromate

30-50
casting), ML5 (injection casting),
VML11D (injection casting), ML4, Aluminum-potassium
8-12
ML9, ML7, ML11, ML2, MA1, MA14, alum
VMD2, MA19, ML4 p.ch., MA8,
ML15, VML2, ML5 p.ch., ML12,
MA11, MA15, MA12, VML9, MA5,
5 15-55 2-10
MA18
Acetic 60%
5-8
acid
ML4, ML5, ML9, ML 10, ML Hydrofluoric

25-30
12, ML4 p.h., MA14, MA15, acid
MA11, MA2, MA2-1, ML5 p.h., 6 Sodium dichromate 100 45
25-30
MA8 Ammonia
Potassium 4-6
ML5, ML10, MA2-l, MA2 dichromate
70-l00
Magnesium sulfate 40-60 15-35 10-15

Ammonium sulfate
40-60
Potassium
7
MA8, MA15 dichromate
70-100
Magnesium sulfate 40-60 15-36 20-25

Ammonium sulfate
40-60
Potassium
MA8, MA12, MA11, MA2, dichromate
80-100
MA2-1, MA14, MA16, MA19
Chromic anhydride 3-4
8 65-75 0,5-2,0
Ammonium sulfate
3-4
Acetic acid
Potassium dichromate 16
ML4, ML5, ML9, ML10, ML11,

140-160
MA8, MA11, MA19, ML19,
MA2, MA2-1, ML2, ML7-1, Chromic anhydride 1-3
9 65-80 0,5-1,5
ML15 ML4 p.h., ML5 p.h. Ammonium sulfate
2-4
Acetic acid
10-22
Table 4
Brand
Mass Density Voltage Temperature,
magnesium Designation Processing time, min
concentration, kg/ current, on the terminals
alloy component ÿÿ
m3 A/dm3 baths, B
ÿÿ18,
Ammonium bifluoride 285±35 4-6 50-75 60-80 12-15
ÿÿ2-1 p.ch.
MA2, MA2- Potassium dichromate 1,
MA2-1 (or p.p., MA8, dichromate ML5 (cast
60±5 4-6 90-110 60-80 12-15
sodium)

Brand
Mass Density Voltage Temperature,
magnesium Designation Processing time, min
concentration, current, on the terminals
alloy component ÿÿ
kg/m3 A/dm3 baths, B
into the ground) Phosphoric (85%) acid
65±5
Ammonium bifluoride ML5 70±10

(cast ammonium fluoride
280±20
under
pressure), sodium dichromate VML11D

70ÿ10
(orthophosphoric pressure
4-8 90-120 24-35 7-15
casting)
80±5
(85%) Sulfosalicylic acid
50±10
acid
(Changed edition, Amendment No. I).

APPENDIX 6
Information
MATERIALS AND CHEMICALS USED FOR SURFACE PREPARATION
BEFORE PAINTING
Designation Standard designation
Ammonium nitrate Ammonia GUEST 22867-77
aqueous Ammonium GUEST 3760-79
molybdate Ammonium phosphate GUEST 3765-78
monosubstituted Ammonium phosphate trisubstituted 3- GUEST 3771-74
hydrate Ammonium fluoride Ammonium fluoride acid Ammonium chloride GUEST 10651-75
Ammonium chromate GUEST 4518-75
Technical chromic anhydride Gasoline GUEST 9646-75
solvent for the paint and GUEST 3773-72
varnish industry Borax Auxiliary GUEST 3774-76
substance OP-7 or OP-10 Water to drink GUEST 2548-77
distilled water technical shot cast iron and steel Iron (III) nitrate 9-water GUEST 3134-78
GUEST 8429-77
GUEST 8433-81
GUEST 2874-82
GUEST 6709-72
GUEST 11964-81
Iron (III) sulfate 7-hydrate Iron (III) sulfate GUEST 4148-78

Ferric chloride Potassium nitrate GUEST 9485-74
Potassium dichromate GUEST 4147-74
Potassium permanganate GUEST 4217-77
Potassium - sodium tartrate GUEST 4220-75
Technical aluminum-potassium GUEST 2049.0-75
alum Nitric acid GUEST 5845-79
GUEST 15028-77
GUEST 4461-77
Concentrated nitric acid Formic acid GUEST 701-89
Orthophosphoric acid GUEST 5848-73
Industrial orthophosphoric acid GUEST 6552-80
Sulfuric acid Sulfuric acid Sulfanilic acid GUEST 10678-76
Sulfosalicylic acid 2- GUEST 2184-77
aqueous Forestry GUEST 4204-77
acetic acid Industrial hydrofluoric GUEST 5821-78
acid Oxalic acid Magnesium nitrate GOST 4478-78
GUEST 6968-76
GUEST 2567-89
GUEST 22180-76
GUEST 11088-75
Name Magnesium Standard designation

sulfate 7-water Magnesium chloride 6- GUEST 4523-77
water Manganese (II) sulfate 5-water GUEST 4209-77
Copper (II) sulfate 5-water Methyl red Methyl GUEST 435-77
orange (para-dimethylaminazobenzenesulfonic GUEST 4165-78
acid sodium) TU 6-09-5171-84 GUEST 5853-61
Technical sodium hydroxide GUEST 2263-79

Sodium nitrate Sodium nitrate GUEST 4168-79
Sodium dichromate Sodium GUEST 4197-74
silicate meta 9-hydrate Sodium GUEST 4237-76
tetraborate 10-hydrate Sodium tripolyphosphate TU 6-09-5337-87
Sodium carbonate anhydrous Sodium acetate GUEST 4199-76
Sodium phosphate GUEST 13493-86
monosubstituted 2-hydrate Sodium GUEST 83-79
phosphate pyro Sodium GUEST 3117-78
fluoride Sodium chloride Nigrosine soluble Sodium nitrite technical GUEST 245-76
Thinner 645 Reagents. Methods for GUEST 342-77
preparing buffer solutions GUEST 4463-76
Reagents. Methods for GUEST 4233-77
preparing indicator solutions Soluble GUEST 9307-78
sodium silicate GOST 13079-93 GUEST 19906-74
GUEST 18188-72
GUEST 4919.2-77
GUEST 4919.1-77
Technical soda ash GOST 5100-85

Disodium salt of ethylenediamine-N, N, N` N`-tetraacetic acid 2- GUEST 10652-73
aqueous (Trilon-B)
Synthetic fatty alcohols primary fractions C10-C13, C12-C16 Liquid sodium glass GUEST 13937-80
Trisodium phosphate GUEST 13078-81
Trichlorethylene GUEST 201-76
technical Triethylamine technical GUEST 9976-94
Urotropine technical GUEST 9966-93
Phenolphthalein Formalin GUEST 1381-73
technical Zinc TU 6-09-5360-87
nitrate Zinc phosphate 6- GUEST 1625-89
water monosubstituted GUEST 5106-77
Zinc acetate 2-water Trilon B GUEST 16992-78
GUEST 5823-78
GUEST 10652-73
Removers:
SD TU 6-10-1088-76
SP-6 TU 6-10-641-79
SP 7 TU 6-10-923-76
AFT-1 TU 6-10-1202-76
SPS-1 TU 6-10-1461-74
SPS-2 TU 6-10-1461-74
SNB-9 VTU
GOSNIIERATGA
Inhibitors:
KATAPIN TU 6-01-730-77
COPD-10 TU 6-02-1089-77
Surfactants:
SINTANOL DS-10 TU 6-14-577-77
SINTANOL DS-7 TU 6-14-1037-79
Passivating composition:
KP-2A TU 6-18-140-78
Activating composition:
AF-1 TU 6-09-4562-87
Phosphating compounds:
KF-1 TU 113-08-620-87
KF 3 TU 113-08-444-85
Designation Standard designation

KF-7 TU 113-08-525-82
KFA-8 TU 113-08-581-86
KF-12 TU 113-08-599-86
KF-12K TU 113-08-599-86
Technical detergents:
KM-2 TU 6-18-5-77
KM-1 TU 38-10796-76
KM-5 TU 6-18-5-77
KM-18 VTU 6-10-16-110-87
KM-19 TU 6-00-0209714-1-89
CMU-1 VTU 6-10-16-58-84
APOLIR K TU 38-40764-75
TMC-31-1A TU 38-1.0951-79
MC-15 TU 6-15-978-76
MC-17 TU 6-18-52-86
ML-51 TU 84-228-76
ML-52 TU 84-228-76
OS-1 TU 6-08-391-77
AEROL TU 38-10758-80
VIMOL TU 38-10761-75
IMPULSE TU 38-101838-80
LABOMID-101 TU 38-10738-80
LABOMID-102 TU 38-10738-80
LABOMID-203 TU 38-10738-80
OMEGA-1 TU 38-10958-80
TEMP 100D TU 407-341-86
Year:
Sodium fluoride acidic Potassium TU 6-09-6288-86
fluoride 2-water GUEST 20848-75

APPENDIX 7
Recommended
DEGREASING WITH ALKALINE SOLUTIONS
1. When degreasing with alkaline solutions, use ready-to-use
use of detergents given in table. 1.
Table 1
Detergent Processing mode
Processed Pressure
Mass
material Temperature,
alkalinity concentration, ÿÿ Liquid Duration,
Processing method
Composition brand "dots" MPa i
products
kg/m3
kgf/cm3
Steel Immersion KM-1, 15-30 10-30 50-70 -
5-20
Rolled steel KM-18, KM-19,
and iron casting
KM-5,
ML-51,
ML-52,
MS-15,
MS-8,
OS-1,
Labomid-203
aerol,
Vimol
KMU-1
Spraying KM-1, 5-15 3-15 50-70 0,1-0,2 1-5
KM-5, (1,0-2,0)
KM-18,
Detergent Processing mode

Processed Pressure
Mass
material Alkalinity Temperature, liquids Duration,
Processing method
Composition brand concentration, ÿÿ
"dots" MPa i
products
kg/m3
kgf/cm3
ML-51,
MS-15, Labomid-101,
Trias-A, Labomid-102,
Temp-100D,
KMU-1
Aluminum and Immersion KME-1, KM-18, KM-5, ML-52, 10-20 8-20 50-60 50-60 -
5-10
aluminum MS-8, 30-40 - -
5-15
alloys labomid-
203, KM-19,
Omega
1, Impulse
Aluminum and Spraying KM-19, ML-51, 5-15 3-15 40-60 0,1-0,2 1-5
aluminum (1,0-2,0)
alloys Labomid-101,
MS-15,
KM-5, Labomid-102,
Temp 100D,
KMU-1
Copper and its ImmersionML-51, alloys, silver, KME-1, 20-40 32-55 60-80 -
3-15
OS-1, ML-52, KM-18, KM-1, KM-5, KM-19,
nickel, kovar,
invar,
superinvar,
titan and his
alloys,
zinc
alloys labomid-203,
aerol,
vimol
Spraying KM-18, KM-5, 5-15 3-15 40-60 0,1-0,2 1-5

MS-15, (1,0-2,0)
ML-51,
Labomid-101,
Labomid-102,
Temp-100D,
KMU-1
Magnesium Dive KM-18, KM-19, KM-5, 30-50 32-55 70-80 -
3-15
alloys ML-52,
OS-1,
labomid-203
Primed or painted Spraying KM-18 4-10 2-5 30-60 0,1-0,2 1-5
(1,0-2,0)
surfaces, Monoethanolamine 5-10 Not 30-60 0,1-0,2 1-5
black and
0,05-0,50 determine (1,0-2,0)
non-ferrous metals surfactant Immersion KM-18 5-20 2.5-10 30-60 5-20
Monoethanolamine 5-10 Not 30-60 -
5-20
surfactant 0,5-3,0 determine
1a. Washing solutions are prepared using water that meets the requirements of clause 2 or
clause 3 of the table. 18 of this standard.
1b. Excluded. (Change No. 3).
2. In the absence of detergents given in table. 1, alkaline solutions are used according to standards or specifications,
provided that the quality of surface degreasing meets clause 5.5 of this standard.
3. The composition for wiping the surface of large-sized products is given in table. 2.
3a. Treatment with monoethanolamine is carried out for the 1st degree of fat content with
mandatory subsequent rinsing.
Table 2

Processed
Mass
Pressure
material Designation Temperature, liquids, concentration,Duration,
Processing method
component
MPa ÿÿ
i
products
kg/m3
(kgf/cm2 )
All metals and Dip, Phosphorus wiped
alloys acid
15-30
brushes or (density 20-40 -
5-15
rags 1740 kg/m3 )
0,5-10
Surfactant Spraying Orthophosphoric
acid
15-30 0,5-2
(density 20-40 1-5
(5-20)
1740 kg/m3 )
PAV 0,5-10
4. The need to replace alkaline solutions is determined experimentally by reducing the quality of degreasing. The
spent degreasing solution is drained after half of the detergent from the original load has been used for adjustment.
4a. Alkyl sulfates, linear sintanols, are used as surfactants.

alkyl sulfates and other biodegradable surfactants.
5. When monitoring alkaline degreasing solutions, determine the value of the total
alkalinity.
Total alkalinity is determined by titrating 10 cm3 of degreasing solution with a solution of hydrochloric acid with a
molar concentration of 0.1 mol/dm3 in the presence of a bromocresol green or methyl orange indicator. The number of
cubic centimeters of hydrochloric acid used for titration. characterizes alkalinity in conventional units - “points”.
6. Correction of alkaline solutions is carried out with a concentrated solution of a degreasing composition and
directly with the components of the washing solution, reducing alkalinity by 3-6 “points” when processing by
immersion and by 2-3 “points” when processing by spraying.
7. When a large amount of foam forms in degreasing solutions, synthetic fatty alcohols
add defoamers: white spirit-0.1-0.4 kg/m3
primary fractions C10-C13, C12-C16-0.4 kg/m3 ; tributyl phosphate - 0.1 kg/m3 and others.
CONTROL AND CORRECTION OF PHOSPHATING SOLUTIONS
1. Control and adjustment of the zinc phosphate solution.

1.1. During control, total and free acidity, mass
concentrations of sodium nitrate and zinc.
1.2. Free acidity is determined by titrating 10 cm3 of solution with a solution of sodium hydroxide with a molar
concentration of 0.1 mol/dm3 with a methyl indicator
orange.
Total acidity is determined by titrating 1.0 cm3 of solution with a solution of sodium hydroxide with a molar
concentration of 0.1 mol/dm3 with phenolphthalein as an indicator.
The number of cubic centimeters of alkali used for titration is

expressed in conventional units - “points”.
1.3. To determine the mass concentration of zinc, 10 cm3 of solution is placed in a conical flask with a
capacity of 150-200 cm3 add 50-60 cm3 of distilled water, neutralize with
,
a few drops of a 25% aqueous ammonia solution, add methyl red indicator, 10-15 cm3 of a buffer mixture
(pH 10-11), 3-4 and titrate with a molar solution of Trilon B
dark blue chromium indicator drops. concentration of
0.05 mol/dm3 until the color changes from cherry to blue.
Mass concentration of zinc (Czn 2+), kg/m3 , calculated by the formula:
0,00327
ÿ
V 1
ÿ
100
C 2 ÿ
ÿ
zn
V2 ,
where 0.00327 is the mass of zinc equivalent to 1 cm3 of Trilon B solution with a molar concentration of 0.05
mol/dm3 , d;
V1 is the volume of Trilon B consumed for titration, cm3 ;
V2 - volume of solution, cm3 .
1.3a. To determine the total mass concentration of zinc and nickel 10 cm3
The filtered and cooled phosphating solution is placed in a conical flask with a capacity of 250 cm3
,add 50 cm3 of distilled water, 10-15 cm3
sodium hydroxide solution with a molar concentration of 0.1 mol/dm3 20 cm3 of buffer ,
solution with pH = 10.0-10.2, 25 cm3 of Trilon B solution with a molar concentration of 0.01 mol/dm3
,20-30 drops of black chromogen indicator ET-00, then boil for 5 minutes until the color changes
from blue to green. The solution is cooled to a temperature of (25±10)°C and titrated with a solution of
magnesium sulfate with a molar concentration of 0.0l
mol/dm3 until the color changes from green to red.
The difference in volume of Trilon B solution with a molar concentration of 0.01 mol/dm3 ,
added to the solution, and a solution of magnesium sulfate with a molar concentration of 0.01 mol/dm3
, spent on titration, conventionally expresses the total mass
concentration of zinc (Zn2+) and nickel (Ni2+) in solution.
1 cm3 of Trilon B solution with a molar concentration of 0.01 mol/dm3 corresponds to
mass concentration of 0.0628 kg/m3 of zinc and nickel in solution.
1.4. To determine the mass concentration of sodium nitrate, 100 cm3 of a cooled and filtered solution is
placed in a conical flask with a capacity of 250 cm3
,add 10-20 drops of a 50% solution of sulfuric acid and titrate with a solution of
potassium permanganate with a molar concentration of 0.02 mol/dm3
until a pink color appears, stable for 15-20 s.
Mass concentration of sodium nitrate (ÿNaNO2), kg/m3 calculated by ,
formulas:
0,00345
ÿ
V 1
ÿ
100
ÿ
CNaNO
2
V2
,
where 0.00345 is the mass of sodium nitrate, equivalent to 1 cm3 of potassium permanganate solution
with a molar concentration of 0.02 mol/dm3 , d;
V1 - volume of potassium permanganate consumed for titration, cm3 , "dots";
V2 - volume of solution, cm3 .
It is allowed to determine the mass concentration of sodium nitrate
titrating a certain amount of potassium permanganate (V1) with a working solution (V2) until the pink color
disappears. (Changed edition, Amendment No. 2).
1.5. Correction of the KF-1 phosphating solution is carried out only with KF-1 concentrate on the basis
that 0.203 kg per 100 dm3 of solution increases the overall
acidity to the point.
1.6. Correction of a phosphating solution of type KF-3 due to a decrease in acidity during operation is
carried out with concentrate KF-1 on the basis that 0.296 kg per 100 dm3 of solution increases the total
acidity by a “point”.
1.6a. The correction concentrate is introduced continuously through a dosing pump with a flow rate
(Q), dm3 /h, determined by the formula:
QÿSÿP ,
where S is the area of products processed in 1 hour, P is m2 ;

the specific consumption of the corrective phosphating concentrate,
determined from table. 1, dm 3 /m2 .
Table 1
Specific consumption
Corrective concentrate
Working solution Processing method of corrective
of concentrate, dm3 /100 m2
KF-1 KF-1 Spraying 1,5-1,6
KF-1 KF-1 Dive 1,6-1,8
KF-3 KF-1 » 1,2-1,4
KF-12 KF-12 Spraying 0,83-1,15
KFA-8 KFA-8 » 0,98-1,15
(Introduced additionally. Amendment No. 1).

1.7. When replenishing losses of phosphating solution type KF-3; associated with the removal of
products, with cleaning from sludge, add water and KF-3 concentrate on the basis that 0.296 kg per 100
dm3 of solution increases the total acidity by a “point”.
1.8. The supply of 10% sodium nitrate solution during phosphating with KF-1 solution using the
immersion method (V) is calculated using the formula:
C NaNO
ÿ
0,21 ÿ In
ÿ 0,16
ÿ
GS 2 ÿ
ÿ
2 Fe
V ÿ
0,1 ,
where CNaNO2 is the mass concentration of sodium nitrate, kg/m3 ;

0.21 - coefficient characterizing the amount of sodium nitrate,
decomposes in 1 s;
V-capacity of the phosphating bath, m3 ;
0.16 - coefficient calculated from the redox reaction,
flowing between sodium nitrate and Fe2+;
2+
GFe - mass of iron dissolved during phosphating, equal to 1.5-10-3 , kg/m2 ;
S - surface area of products processed in 1 hour, 0.1 adjustment, kg/ m2 ;
- mass concentration of sodium nitrate in solution for
dm3 .
1.9. Supply of 10% solution of sodium nitrite during phosphating
solution KF-1 by spraying method (V), l/h; calculated by the formula:
C NaNO ÿ
V 0.5 0.785 ÿ ÿ ÿ
SG ÿ
2 ÿ
2 Fe
V ÿ
0.1 ,
where CNaNO2 is the mass concentration of sodium nitrate, kg/m3 ;

V is the capacity of the phosphating bath m3 ; 0.5 -
coefficient characterizing the amount of sodium nitrate decomposing in 1 hour; 0.785 - coefficient calculated
from the redox reaction,
flowing between sodium nitrate and Fe2+; - mass of iron dissolved

2+
GFe during phosphating, equal to 2ÿ10-3 , kg/m2 ;
dm3 m2 ; S Mass
. 1.10. - surface area of products
concentration processed in 1 tartrate
of potassium-sodium hour, 0.1in adjustment,
solution for kg/
- mass concentration of sodium nitrate in solution for
adjustment ( NaKC4N4O6
C ) kg/m3 of , calculated by the formula:
C NaNO 2
C NaKC NO 4 4 6 ÿ
K ,
where ÿNANO2 is the mass concentration of sodium nitrate in solution, kg/m3 ;

K - content of sodium nitrate tartrate and sodium potassium in solution,
calculated by the formula:
C V 0.5 0.785 ÿ ÿ
ÿ ÿ
SG ÿ
2ÿ
NaNO 2 Fe
ÿ
K
PS ÿ
where P is the consumption of potassium-sodium tartrate, equal to (1.0-1.2) 10-3 , kg/m2 ;

ÿNANO2 - mass concentration of sodium nitrate, kg/m3 ;
V is the capacity of the bath, phosphating, m3 ; 0.5 -
coefficient characterizing the amount of sodium nitrate decomposing in 1 hour; 0.785 - coefficient calculated
from the redox reaction,
flowing between sodium nitrate and Fe2+; GFE2+ - surface area of

dissolved iron is 2-10-3 kg/m2 ; S is the surface area of products processed in one hour, m2
, /h.
2. Control of zinc-barium-phosphate solution. 2.1. When monitoring, determine the
mass concentration of monosubstituted
phosphoric acid, zinc nitrate and barium nitrate.

2.2. To determine the total mass concentration of zinc, 10 cm3 of a filtered solution is placed in a volumetric
flask with a capacity of 200 cm3 , 10 cm3 of hydrochloric acid, 30 cm3 of distilled
, water are added , heated to
boiling and 30 cm3 of a solution of hot sulfuric acid (1:3) is added .
The solution is boiled for 5-10 minutes, cooled, brought to the mark with distilled water,
mix and filter.
5 cm3 of the filtrate is placed in a conical flask with a capacity of 250 cm3 of 15-20 cm3 of , add 1-2 drops
Trilon B solution with a molar concentration of 0.05 mol/dm3 of methyl red indicator, 25% ammonia ,
solution until the color of the solution turns yellow, add 15 cm3 of the buffer mixture (54 g ammonium chloride, 350
cm3 of 25% solution, ammonia, 650 cm3 of distilled water), 1 cm3 of dark blue chromium indicator and titrated with
a solution of magnesium chloride with a molar concentration of 0.05 mol/dm3 until the color turns blue. calculated
by the formula:
Mass concentration of zinc (CZn), kg/m3 ,

ÿ M ÿ
ÿ VV ÿÿ 1
ÿ
ÿ
T ÿ
1000
1 2
M
ÿ ÿ
ÿ
ÿ 2 ÿ
CZn
V ,
where V1 is the volume of Trilon B solution with a molar concentration of 0.05 mol/dm3 ,
added to the analyzed solution, cm3 ;

3
V2 - volume of magnesium chloride solution with a molar concentration of 0.05 mol/dm ,
spent on titration, cm3 ;

M1 - molarity of magnesium chloride solution;
M2 - molarity of Trilon B solution;
T is the titer of a solution of Trilon B with a molar concentration of 0.05 mol/dm3 for zinc, g;
V is the volume of filtrate taken for titration, cm3 .
2.3. To determine the mass concentration of monosubstituted zinc phosphate, 10 cm3 of solution is transferred into a
volumetric flask with a capacity of 100 cm3 . bring to the mark with distilled water and mix.
From the prepared solution, 10 cm3 is transferred into a conical flask with a capacity of 250 cm3
, add 15 cm3 of nitric acid with a density of 400 kg/m3 , 25 cm3 of
distilled water, 25% ammonia solution until alkaline reaction according to Congo indicator paper, nitric acid solution (1:1) until
acidic reaction and its excess in the amount of 5 cm3
, 10 cm3 of a 50% solution of ammonium nitrate, heated to a temperature of
50°C, add 10-120 cm3 of ammonium molybdate, stir, leave for 1-2 hours at a temperature of about 30°C. The precipitate is filtered
through a thick filter, washed 2-3 times with a 1% solution of potassium nitrate and water until neutral on Congo indicator paper.
The precipitate is quantitatively transferred to the flask in which precipitation was carried out, 20 cm3 of distilled water and 30-50
cm3 of sodium hydroxide solution with a molar concentration of 0.05 mol/dm2 are added to dissolve the precipitate. Add 3 drops
of phenolphthalein, titrate excess sodium hydroxide with a solution of nitric acid with a molar concentration of 0.05 mol/dm3 .
The amount of sodium hydroxide solution with a molar concentration of 0.05 mol/dm3 ,
added to dissolve the precipitate, titrate with phenolphthalein with a solution of nitric acid with a molar concentration of 0.05 mol/
dm3 .
Mass concentration of monosubstituted zinc phosphate ( CZnÿN2PO4 ÿ 2 2H2O ),

kg/m3 , calculated by the formula:
ÿ VVT ÿÿ
ÿ ÿ ÿ
1 2 4,764 1000
ÿ
CZnÿ N PO
2 HO2 4
ÿ
2 2
V
,
where V1 is the volume of nitric acid solution with a molar concentration of 0.05 mol/dm3 ,
spent on titrating a solution of sodium hydroxide with a molar concentration of 0.05 mol/dm3
, added to dissolve sediment, cm3 ;
V2 - volume of nitric acid solution with a molar concentration of 0.06 mol/dm3 ,
spent on titrating excess sodium hydroxide after dissolving the precipitate, cm3 ;
T is the titer of a nitric acid solution with a molar concentration of 0.05 mol/dm3 in terms of phosphorus, g;
4.764 - conversion factor of phosphorus to monosubstituted zinc phosphate;

V is the volume of solution taken for analysis, cm3 .
2.4. To determine the mass concentration of barium nitrate, 5 cm of the phosphating solution is placed in a conical flask with
a capacity of 250 cm3 ,
add 30 cm3 of distilled water, 10 cm3 of hydrochloric acid solution (1:1), 40 cm3 of Trilon B solution with a molar concentration of
0.05 mol/dm3 , thoroughly
stir, add 1-2 drops of methyl red indicator, 25% ammonia solution until the solution turns yellow and another 10
cm3 of its excess, add 10 cm3 of a buffer mixture (54 g of ammonium chloride, 350 cm3 of 25% ammonia solution,
650 cm3 of distilled water), 1 cm3 of dark blue chromium indicator and titrated with a solution of magnesium
chloride with a molar concentration of 0.05 mol/dm3 until the color turns red.
CBa
ÿ Concentration of barium nitrate ( NO3),2 kg/m3 ÿ , calculated by the formula:
ÿ M 1
ÿ ÿ M 1
ÿ
VV 1
ÿ
2
ÿÿ
VV1 2
ÿ
T ÿ
3,998 1000
ÿ
ÿÿÿ
M 2
ÿÿÿ ÿÿÿ
M 2
ÿÿÿ
ÿ
CBa ÿ N O 3 ÿ2
V ,
where V1 is the volume of Trilon B solution with a molar concentration of 0.05 mol/dm3 added to the analyzed ,
solution, cm3 ;
V2 - volume of magnesium chloride solution with a molar concentration of 0.05 mol/dm3 ,
spent on titration of the analyzed solution, cm3 ; M1 - molarity of magnesium

chloride solution; M2 - molarity of Trilon B solution; 3.998 -
conversion factor; V is the volume of phosphating
solution taken for analysis, cm3 ; T is
the titer of a solution of Trilon B with a molar concentration of 0.05 mol/dm3 for
zinc, g. 2.5. To determine the total mass concentration of NO3 ion 25 cm3
The phosphating solution is placed in a 250 cm3 volumetric flask up to the water mark and mixed. For , bring
analysis, 25 cm3 of a diluted solution is placed in a conical flask with a capacity of 250 cm3, 25 cm3 of iron (II)
sulfate solution with a molar concentration of 0.25 mol/dm3, is added, 25 cm3 of concentrated sulfuric acid is
gradually added, heated to boiling for 4-5 minutes with frequent stirring, until transition dark yellow-orange color.
Quickly quantitatively transfer the solution into a conical flask with a capacity of 1000 cm3 containing 700-800 cm3
of distilled water, titrate with a solution of potassium permanganate with a molar concentration of 0.02 mol/dm3
until slightly pink ,
coloring.
C
Mass concentration ( NO3 ÿ ), kg/m3 , calculated by the formula:
EIA ÿÿ
ÿ ÿ ÿ
1 2 0,002067 1000
ÿÿ
CNO
3
V ,
where V1 is the volume of potassium permanganate solution with a molar concentration of 0.02 mol/dm3 ,
consumed for the titration of 25 cm3 of 0.25 mol/dm3 solution of iron (II) sulfate, cm3 ;
V1 is the volume of a solution of potassium permanganate with a molar concentration of 0.02 mol/dm3 , spent
on titrating the excess solution of iron (II) sulfate cm3 ; M - correction for the molarity of the solution of potassium
permanganate molar
concentration 0.02 mol/dm3 ;
0.002067 - titer of a solution of potassium permanganate with a molar concentration of 0.02
mol/dm3 in terms of NOch ion, g; V is the
volume of solution taken for analysis, cm3 . 2.6. Mass
concentration of zinc nitrate ( CZn(NO3 )2 ÿ6H2O ), kg/m3 according to the formula: , calculate
CZn( NO
ÿÿÿ ÿC1 C 2 0,219ÿ 4,55
ÿ
) 6ÿ3 IT
2 2 ,
where C1 is the mass concentration of zinc, kg/m3 ;

C1 - mass concentration of monosubstituted zinc phosphate, kg/m3 ;
0.219 - conversion factor from monosubstituted zinc phosphate to zinc;
4.55 - conversion factor from zinc to zinc nitrate. 3. Control and
adjustment of zinc-magnesium phosphate solution
3.1. When monitoring a zinc-magnesium phosphate solution, the mass concentration of
monosubstituted zinc phosphate, magnesium nitrate, and monosubstituted ammonium phosphate is
determined.
3.2. To determine the mass concentration of monosubstituted zinc phosphate, 50 cm3 of the
filtered solution is placed in a volumetric flask with a capacity of 250 cm3
, add 25 cm3 of hydrochloric acid solution (1:1), make up to the mark with water and
stir.
25 cm3 of dilute solution is placed in a conical flask with a capacity of 250
cm3 add 100 cm3 of distilled water, 1-2 drops of methyl orange indicator; 25% ammonia (1:5) until
,
the pink color changes to yellow, add 6-7 drops of xylene orange indicator, 5 cm3 of buffer solution
(950 cm3
sodium acetate solution with a molar concentration of 0.2 mol/dm3 and 50 cm3
solution of acetic acid with a molar concentration of 0.2 mol/dm3 ) and titrated with a solution of Trilon
B with a molar concentration of 0.025 mol/dm3 until the pink color of the solution changes to yellow.
Mass concentration of phosphate CZn(H2PO4 )2 ÿ2H2O kg/m3
monosubstituted zinc , calculated by the formula:
VT ÿ ÿ ÿ
4,52 1000
ÿ
CZnHPOHO
( )
ÿ
2
2 42 2
V ,
where V is the volume of Trilon B spent on titration, cm3 ;

T is the titer of priton B in terms of phosphoric acid monosubstituted zinc, g;
4.52 - conversion factor;
3.3. To determine the mass concentration of magnesium nitrate 50 cm3
the filtered solution is placed in a volumetric flask with a capacity of 250 cm3 ,
add 95 cm3 of hydrochloric acid solution (1:1), make up to the mark with water and
stir.
10 cm3 of dilute solution is placed in a conical flask with a capacity of 250 cm3
, add 100 cm3 of hot distilled water, Trilon B in a volume sufficient to bind zinc and magnesium,
3
and another 2-3 cm excess add 1-2 drops of ,
methyl orange 25% ammonia solution until the color changes to yellow and another excess of 5-10
cm3 and 1-2 g of eriochrome gray T.
The blue-colored solution is titrated with zinc acetate solution.
molar concentration of 0.025 mol/dm3 until the blue color changes to pink.
Mass concentration of magnesium nitrate ( CMg(NO3 )2 ÿ6N2O ) kg/m3 , calculated by
formulas:
ÿ ÿ V2 ÿ ÿ
ÿ
V1 ÿ
ÿ ÿ ÿVC
3
ÿ ÿ
1000
ÿ ÿ
ÿ ÿ 2,5 ÿ ÿ
ÿ
ÿ
CMg NO N( O )6
32 2
V ,
where V1 is the volume of Trilon B solution with a molar concentration of 0.025 mol/dm3 ,
added to the analyzed solution, cm3 ;

V1 - volume of Trilon B solution with a molar concentration of 0.025 mol/dm3 ,
spent on zinc titration, cm3 ;

C is the ratio of the mass concentration of Trilon B and zinc acetate;
V1 - volume of solution of zinc acetate or copper (II) sulfate,
spent on titration of excess Trilon B, cm3 ;
T is the titer of Trilon B, expressed in grams of magnesium nitrate;
3.4. To determine the mass concentration of monosubstituted ammonium phosphate, 10 cm3 of the
filtered solution is placed in a distillation flask, 150 cm3 of distilled water is added, the flask is closed with
a stopper into which a separatory funnel and a steam trap are inserted. The flask is connected to a water
condenser, and 30 cm3 of a 20% sodium hydroxide solution is added through a separating funnel. The
funnel is closed and the ammonia is slowly distilled off.
The distillation product in a volume of 150 cm3 is collected in a receiving flask containing 30-50 cm3
of sulfuric acid solution with a molar concentration of 0.05 mol/dm3 . The contents of the flask are titrated
with a solution of sodium hydroxide with a molar concentration of 0.1 mol/dm3 in the presence of two
drops of methyl orange solution until the color changes from pink to yellow.
C
Mass concentration of monosubstituted ammonium phosphate ( NH4H2PO4
) kg/m3 calculated by the formula:
,
ÿ Advance
ÿÿ
booking ÿ ÿ ÿ
1 2 0,0018 1000 6,39

ÿ
CNH H PO
42 4
V ,
where V1 is the volume of sulfuric acid solution with a molar concentration of 0.05 mol/dm3 in the receiving
flask, cm3 ;
V2 - volume of sodium hydroxide solution with a molar concentration of 0.1 mol/dm3 ,
spent on titration of excess sulfuric acid, cm3 .

K is the conversion factor for a solution of sodium hydroxide with a molar concentration of 0.1 mol/
dm3 ;
0.0018 - theoretical titer of sulfuric acid, expressed in grams of ammonium
groups;
6.39 - conversion factor from ammonium group to phosphate group
monosubstituted ammonium;
4. Preparation of phosphating concentrate KF-1 from salts and phosphorus
acids.
4.1. Mass fraction of the component of the phosphating concentrate KF-1, %:
monosubstituted zinc phosphate………………………..…….... 32.4ÿ1.0
zinc nitrate .......…………………………………………………………..….. 19.7ÿ0.6
technical orthophosphoric acid (in terms of 100%) ........... 5.45ÿ0.16
water according to GOST 2874-82…………………………………………………….42 ÿ1.3
4.2. Control of the concentrate is carried out according to the indicators in table. 1. To control the
concentrate, it is diluted with water according to GOST 2874-82 based on 24 kg/m3
analysis of indicators is carried out according to clause 1.1 of this appendix.
,
4.3. To prepare the concentrate, place the calculated amount of water in a stainless steel container, add the
calculated amount of phosphoric acid to the water while stirring (stirring with a stirrer or compressed air), then gradually
add bulk substances monosubstituted zinc phosphate Zn(H2PO4)2ÿ2H2O and zinc nitrate Zn (NO3)2ÿ6H2O and stir
until the product is completely dissolved.
Table 1
Indicator name Damage to the “fit” composition

Appearance Clear liquid
Mass fraction of zinc, % 11±0,3
Total acidity, “points” Free acidity, 11,8±12,5
“points” Ratio of total acidity to free 1,48-1,92
acidity Density at 20°C, kg/m3 6,2±8,5
1450-1500
5. Preparation of the composition for steam blasting KFA-5,

5.1. Mass fraction of the component of the phosphating concentrate KFA-5,%:
orthophosphoric acid GOST 10678-76, 90% …………………………….…..…. 29.3 soda
ash GOST 5100-85 ………………………………………….. 13.3
ammonium molybdenum oxide (NH4)6Mo7O24 4ÿ2ÿ GOST 3765-78 ……..…..… 0.385
syntanol DS-10 or DT-7 TU 6-14-77-77 …………………………………….…… 0.42
demineralized water ……………………………… ………………………...... 62.14
released CO2 ......………………………………………………………...... 5.54
Total: 100.00
5.2. Control of the concentrate is carried out according to the indicators in table. 2.
Table 2
Indicator name Norm
Appearance Turbid liquid, in the absence of stirring it separates due to
salting out of surfactants
Acidity, “points”: total free
Density 35-45
at 20°C, g/ 5-7
cm3 1,14-1,34
5.3. To prepare the concentrate, place the calculated amount of water in a stainless steel
container, add soda ash, then gradually introduce phosphoric acid. After dissolving the soda,
add ammonium molybdate and surfactants).
Sec. 5. (Introduced additionally, Amendment No. 3).

PREPARATION, CONTROL AND ADJUSTMENT OF PASSIVATING

SOLUTIONS
1. To prepare a passivation solution based on KP-2A of basic chromium dichromate and
chromic anhydride, use water that meets the requirements of clause 2 of table. 18 of this
standard.
1.1. To prepare solutions with hard water, the alkalinity of the water is reduced to 2 “points”
by introducing a 45% solution of formic acid. Introduction 1.0 cm3
formic acid per 100 cm3 of water reduces alkalinity by 1 “point”.
1.2. Number of milliliters of hydrochloric acid solution with a molar concentration of 0.1 mol/
3
dm3 , spent on titration 100 cm waters with a bromocresol

green indicator are expressed in standard units of “points”.
2. When monitoring solutions during operation, determine pH and mass
concentration of hexavalent chromium.
2.1. Determination of mass concentration of hexavalent chromium.
2.1.1. Preparation of 0.1 mol/dm3 solution of Mohr's salt.
40 g of Mohr's salt are dissolved in 20 cm3 of distilled water and transferred to a flask with
a capacity of 1000 cm3 add 50 cm3 of sulfuric acid with a density of 1840 kg/m3 and
,
bring to the mark with distilled water. The molarity of Mohr's salt solution is set daily with 20 cm3 of potassium
dichromate solution with a molar concentration of 0.033 mol/dm3
, placed in a conical flask with a capacity of 500 cm3 ,
add 100 cm3 of distilled water , 30 cm3 of sulfuric acid solution diluted to a ratio of 1:1, 5 m phosphoric acid
and 6 drops of indicator (a solution of 0.1 g phenylanthranilic acid and 0.3 g sodium carbonate in 100 cm3 of
water) and titrate with salt solution Mora with a molar concentration of 0.1 mol/dm3 until the purple color
changes to green.
2.1.2. Conducting analysis.

100 cm3 of pre-cooled passivation solution is transferred into a flask with a capacity of 250 cm3
, add 30 cm3 of sulfuric acid solution (1:1) 5 cm3
concentrated phosphoric acid, 6 drops of indicator (solution 0.l
phenylanthranilic acid and 3 g of sodium carbonate in 100 cm3 of distilled water) and titrated with a solution of
Mohr's salt with a molar concentration of 0.1 mol/dm3 until the purple color of the solution turns green.
Volume of Mohr's salt solution with a molar concentration of 0.1 mol/dm3 , spent on titrating 100
cm3 of passivating solution, determines the mass concentration
hexavalent chromium in standard units “points”.
One conventional “point” of mass concentration of hexavalent chromium in the KP-2A solution corresponds
to 0.113 kg/m of the KP-2A composition.
One conventional “point” of mass concentration of hexavalent chromium in a solution of basic chromium
dichromate corresponds to 0.113 kg/m3 of the composition of the basic chromium dichromate
chromium.
One conventional “point” of mass concentration of hexavalent chromium in solution
chromic anhydride corresponds to 0.033 kg/m3 chromic anhydride.
3. The passivation solution is adjusted based on the mass concentration of hexavalent chromium. An
increase in acidity by one “point” corresponds to the introduction of 100 dm3 of working solution: 7.8 cm3
KP-2A, 11 g of basic chromium dichromate, 3.3 g of chromic anhydride.
2.1.2., 3. (Amended edition, Amendment No. 1).

4. If the pH value of the passivating solution decreases below 3.0, adjustment is carried out with a 20%
sodium hydroxide solution to a pH value of 3.0-5.0.
5. The passivation solution of basic chromium dichromate is adjusted according to the mass concentration
of hexavalent chromium, based on the fact that the introduction of 22.3 g of basic chromium dichromate per
100 dm3 of passivation solution increases the mass
concentration of hexavalent chromium per “point”.
6. The chemical composition of mono- and triethanolamine during operation is controlled in accordance
with the regulatory and technical documentation for the composition. The solution is not changed. An
adjustment is necessary, which depends on the carryover of the solution with the product.
(Amended edition. Amendment No. 3).
7. Correction of solutions for passivation of high-alloy steels
carried out with concentrated solutions of the components.
APPENDIX 10
Recommended
METHOD FOR CALCULATING WATER CONSUMPTION FOR WASHING
1. Determination of the number of stages of rinsing baths

1.1. The number of washing stages depends on the operations after which the washing is carried out.
1.2. Recommended number of flushing stages for various operations

surface preparation, after which washing is carried out, is given in table. 1.
Table 1
Name of the operation after which Name of the operation before which washing is carried Number of
washing is carried out out washing stages
Degreasing Etching 1
Activation
Passivation 2
Phosphating Drying
Etching Activation 1
Passivation
Phosphating
Phosphating Passivation Drying 1
Passivation substances Drying before painting by electrodeposition 1
containing hexavalent chromium
2. Method for calculating water consumption for flushing operations

P
2.1. For any flushing scheme, water consumption (Q ), dm3 /h, from the pipeline,
supplied to the rinsing bath is determined by the formula
P n 0
ÿÿ ÿ ÿ
QK g KF ,
where K is a correction factor equal to, with the possibility of a pressure drop in
water network;
1.5 - when washing by immersion;
0.7 - with the jet washing method;
0.5 - with a combined washing method;
g - specific removal of solution from the baths by the surface of the product,
dm3 / m2 ; n - number of washing stages (baths);
K 0 - criterion for final washing of products;
F - surface area of products washed in one hour, m2 . Bath volume
flushing should be minimal.
2.2. Approximate specific loss of solution depending on the characteristics and
product forms are given in clause 3.4 of this standard.
2.3. The value of F for automated lines of large-scale and mass production is taken according to
maximum productivity, for individual and small-scale production according to actual productivity.
2.2; 2.3. (Amended edition, Amendment No. 3).

2.4. Final rinsing criterion (K0 ), showing how many times should be
reduce the mass concentration of the main component of the solution carried out by the surface of the products to the
maximum permissible in the last washing bath, calculated by the formula
0
C0
K ÿ
CP ,
where C0 is the mass concentration of the main component of the solution, kg/m3 ;
SP - maximum permissible mass concentration of the main component of the solution in the last
washing bath, kg/m3 .
2.5. Approximate values of maximum permissible mass concentrations
components in the last washing bath are given in table. 3.
Table 3*
Extremely
Designation
Designation permissible mass
operation followed by Name of the operation before Acidity,
component in concentration
washing which washing is carried out alkalinity,
last rinsing bath component in
"dots"
last rinsing bath, kg/
m3
Degreasing Pickling In terms of sodium hydroxide 1,12 14,0
Activation 1,12 14,0

Phosphating 0,30 3,8
Passivation Drying: 0,l9 2,4
before electrodeposition before 0,12 1,5

other methods 0,36 4,5
application
Etching Activated In terms of sulfuric acid 0,12 1,2
Phosphating 0,12 1,2

Passivation 0,08 0,8
Phosphating Passivation In terms of phosphoric acid 0,15 1,5
Drying 0,09 0,9

Passivation Drying Sg+6 0,30 -
*
Table 2 is excluded (Change No. 3).
Notes:
1. To determine the mass concentration of alkaline salts in the wash water, take 50 cm3 of samples and titrate with a solution of
hydrochloric acid with a molar concentration of 0.1 mol/dm3 with a methyl orange or bromocresol green indicator.
2. To determine the mass concentration of acidic salts in the wash water, take 10 cm3 of samples, add 40 cm3 of distilled water and
titrate with a solution of sodium hydroxide with a molar concentration of 0.1 mol/dm3 with phenolphthalein as an indicator.
3. Calculation of water consumption for washing during chemical and electrochemical treatment of the surface of non-ferrous metals and
their alloys is carried out according to GOST 9.305-84.
(Amended edition, Izm, No. 1, 2, 3).

APPENDIX 11
Information
Surface roughness depending on the type of abrasive blasting and the
required minimum thickness of the paint coating
Maximum height of profile roughness Rmax, µm Lower limit
Abrasive blasting agent thickness tolerance
average limits paint and varnish
coatings, microns
Steel shot 30 From 25 to 80
45 50 » 35 » 80
60 60 » 45 » 120
75 80 » 55 » 120
Quartz sand Chopped 55 100 » 40 » 65 80
wire Corundum 60 » 45 » 70 80
45 » 40 » 55 80
Note. The values for the maximum height of profile unevenness are valid for surfaces that have a slight coating of rust before treatment.
In the case of significant surface corrosion, the average maximum height of the profile irregularity is greater as a result of uneven corrosion. In
this case, it is necessary to use for comparison a sample (standard) of the surface of a given material subject to jet abrasive treatment with a
certain abrasive material
grain size
APPENDIX 11. (Introduced additionally, Amendment No. 2).

INFORMATION DATA
1. DEVELOPED AND INTRODUCED by the Ministry of Chemical Industry
USSR
DEVELOPERS
V. G. Doroshenko; V. G. Parsadanov, Cand. techn. sciences (topic leader); A. A.
Surovtsev; A. A. Babakina; A. D. Karaseva; V. L. Shcherbakov, Cand. chem.
sciences; A. T. Shchegoleva; G. N. Satin; Oh. A. Barysheva
2. APPROVED AND ENTERED INTO EFFECT by State Resolution
USSR Committee on Standards dated July 27, 1980 No. 3152
3. Inspection frequency 5 years

4. The standard contains all the requirements of ST SEV 5732-86. The standard
additionally includes requirements for compositions used for surface preparation
and processing modes.
5. INSTEAD GOST 9.025-74
6. REFERENCE REGULATIVE AND TECHNICAL DOCUMENTS
Number of item, subitem, listing,
Designation of the referenced technical document
applications
GOST 9.010-80 3.14.4, 5.10
GOST 9.032-74 1.3, 1.7, 3.3
GOST 9.104-79 1.7, 3.3, 3.4
GOST 9.301-86 5.2
GUEST 9.305-84 3.4, 3.9.3.1, 3.12.3, Annex 10
GOST 9.410-88 1.3
GOST 12.1.003-83 2.3.6
GOST 12.1.005-88 2.3.2
GOST 12.1.012-90 2.3.6
GOST 12.3.005-75 2.3.10
GUEST 12.3.008-75 2.1.1
GOST 12.3.016-87 2.5.4
GOST 12.4.004-74 2.5.1
GOST 12.4.013-85 2.5.1
GOST 12.4.029-76 2.5.1
GOST 12.4.099-80 2.5.1
GOST 12.4.100-80 2.5.1
GOST 12.4.121-83 2.5.3
GOST 12.4.131-83 2.5.1
GOST 12.4.132-83 2.5.1
GOST 12.4 .137-84 2.5.1
GOST 83-79 Appendix 6
GUEST 1414-75 Appendix 1
GOST 2548-77 2.2.1
GUEST 2874-82 2.2.3, 5.5.2, 5.10, Annex 4

applications
GOST 3351-74 3.13.1
GOST 3647-80 3.9.2.1
GOST 4151-72 3.13.1
GUEST 4245-72 3.13.1
GOST 4389-72 3.13.1
GOST 4919.1-77 Appendix 6
GOST 4919.2-77 Appendix 6
GOST 11964-81 3.9.2.1, Appendix 6
GOST 12265-78 2.5.1

applications
GOST 20010-93 2.5.1
TU 6-00-0209714-1-89 Appendix 6
TU 6-01-730-77 Appendix 6
TU 6-02-1089-77 Appendix 6
TU 6-09-4562-87 Appendix 6
TU 6-09-5171-84 Appendix 6
TU 6-09-5337-87 Appendix 6
TU 6-09-5360-83 Appendix 6
TU 6 -10-1088-76 Appendix 6
TU 6-10-1202-76 Appendix 6
TU 6-10-1461-74 Appendix 6
TU 6-14-1037-79 Appendix 6
TU 38-10738-80 Appendix 6
TU 38-101838-80 Appendix 6
TU 113 -08-444-85 Appendix 6
TU 113-08-525-82 Appendix 6
TU 113-08-581-86 Appendix 6
TU 113-08-599-86 Appendix 6
TU 113-08-620-87 Appendix 6
VTU 6-10-16 -58-84 Appendix 6
VTU 6-10-16-110-87 Appendix 6
7. The validity period was lifted according to Protocol No. 4-94 of the Interstate Council
for Standardization, Metrology and Certification (IUS 11-12-94)
8. REISSUE (January 1998) with amendments 1, 2, 3, approved in February 1986,
October 1987 and December 1990 (IUS 5-86, 1-88, 4-91)
CONTENT
1. Technical requirements................................................... ........................................................ ...... 1
2. Safety requirements .................................................... ........................................................ .... 4
2.1. Requirements for technological processes, storage and transportation of chemicals
for surface preparation.................................................... ...................... 4
2.2. Safety requirements when using materials with hazardous and harmful
properties ..................................................... ........................................... 4
2.3. Safety requirements for the organization of workplaces .................................................... 4

2.4. Requirements for the disposal of production waste.................................................................... .5
2.5. Requirements for the use of personal protective equipment for workers ........... 5
3. Surface preparation.................................................... ........................................................ ...... 6
4. Surface preparation before repair painting ..................................................... 30
5. Quality control of surface preparation................................................... ....................... 30
Appendix 1 Grades of ferrous metals included in groups I-III, and characteristics of
phosphatability................................................. ........................................................ ................................ 34
Appendix 2 ......................................................................................................................... 35
Appendix 3 ......................................................................................................................... 36
Appendix 4 Treatment modes with activating solutions, control and
adjustment.................................................... ........................................................ ............................... 38
Appendix 5 Surface preparation of magnesium alloys.................................................... 39
Appendix 6 Materials and chemicals used for surface preparation 42
before painting .................................................... ........................................................ ............ Appendix 7 Degreasing
with alkaline solutions .................................. .................... 44
Appendix 8 Monitoring and adjustment of phosphating solutions.................................... 46
Appendix 9 Preparation, control and adjustment of passivating agents 54
solutions ..................................................... ........................................................ ........................... Appendix 10 Method
for calculating water consumption for flushing ............ ................................55
Appendix 11 Surface roughness depending on the type of abrasive blasting and the required minimum thickness
of the paint and varnish coating................................... ........................................................ ...................................................
57

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UNIFIED SYSTEM FOR PROTECTION AGAINST CORROSION AND AGING

GOST 9.402-80 (ST

IPC PUBLISHING HOUSE OF STANDARDS

Unified system of protection against corrosion and aging

Date of introduction 07/01/81

This standard applies to parts and assembly units (hereinafter referred to as

(Amended edition, Amendment No. 1, 3).

(Amended edition, Amendment No. 3).

staining, as well as from B5

(Amended edition, Amendment No. 2, 3).

(Amended edition, Amendment No. 1,3).

If necessary, surface preparation and storage of treated products

oxide, anodic-oxide and others) - 72 hours.

(Amended edition, Amendment No. 3).

AND TRANSPORTATION OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES FOR PREPARATION o t o v k o u r x

2.1.2. Storage of organic solvents at the workplace is permitted in

2.2.1. Safety , HAZARDOUS AND HARMFUL PROPERTIES

2.3.9. Baths for surface treatment at three elevated temperatures should be

respirator RPG-67A GOST 12.4.004-74;

2.5.3. When cleaning and repairing equipment containing chlorinated solvents,

(Amended edition. Amendment No. 1).

3.1. Schemes of technological processes for surface preparation before

(Amended edition, Amendment No. 1).

Removal of oxides and/or

3. If there is no grease or marking paints, degreasing is not carried out.

(Amended edition, Amendment No. 1, 3).

U1, U2, HL1, HL2, UHL1, UHL2, UHL3, UHL4, 13-18

Large metal products with a thickness of 2 25, 26, 37, 39

Large metal products with a thickness of 19-22 13-18 25-

large-sized products and products of complex

- for the painted part - for the

Operating conditions according to GOST Material Scheme number

automotive, motorcycle and bicycle lighting

Bl, B2, B3, B5 Bl, Products with complex shapes 21-25

HL1, HL2, UHL1, UHL2, T2, Aluminum and OM2 19-22

U1, U2, V3, UHL4 U1, 22

T2, U1, HL1 treatment for metal group I

bonded mill AS-182-2 layers;

scale primer VML-0143-1 layer or primer

VML-0143-1 layer, enamel ML-12-1 layer

U1, U2 primer GF-021-1 layer enamel XB-518-2

(Amended edition Amendment No. 3).

(Amended edition, Amendment No. 3).

(Amended edition, Amendment No. 1).

3.7. Materials and chemicals used to prepare the surface before

products made of titanium and its alloys used in aircraft construction.

3.8.2.6. Mass concentration of oils in solvents intended for

Characteristics of fat content to

conservation lubricants and oils -

carbon deposits, grinding and - - - -

3.8.3.1. Technological modes of degreasing with emulsion compositions

Temperature, ÿC liquid, MPa

Trichlorethylene stabilized 15 - 40 40 0,05-0,30

Trichlorethylene stabilized Chladon-113, Chladon-30, gasoline - 5 20 ± 5 - - -

solvent for paints and varnishes, nefras S-150/200

All metals 1A 8,6

40-100 9,6- 15-30 0,1-0,2

Consumption standard, g/m2 , Not

KM-1 Spraying at 60-65°C Immersion at 60-65°C Spraying at 6 8 9