Laporan Bab 8: Manage Storage Stack

Nama : Muhammad Raihan

Kelas :TK2A
NIM :2301083018

1. Tujuan

Tujuan dari bab ini adalah memberikan pemahaman dan keterampilan dalam
mengelola stack penyimpanan pada sistem operasi. Setelah mempelajari bab ini,
pembaca diharapkan dapat memahami konsep dasar dan praktik pengelolaan storage
stack, termasuk memahami partisi, sistem file, volume management, dan RAID
(Redundant Array of Independent Disks). Dengan memahami konsep-konsep ini,
pembaca akan mampu mengonfigurasi dan memelihara sistem penyimpanan yang
efisien dan andal.

2. Materi

Materi dalam bab ini mencakup beberapa topik utama, antara lain:

Partisi dan Sistem File: Pembahasan mengenai cara kerja partisi pada
penyimpanan serta berbagai jenis sistem file yang umum digunakan, seperti
ext4, NTFS, dan FAT32. Konsep ini mencakup pengertian partisi primer,
logis, dan extended, serta penggunaan masing-masing dalam pengaturan
penyimpanan.

Volume Management (Manajemen Volume): Volume management adalah

cara untuk mengelola partisi dan volume pada penyimpanan yang lebih
dinamis. Dalam materi ini, konsep dasar Logical Volume Manager (LVM)
akan dibahas, termasuk proses pembuatan, penghapusan, dan modifikasi
volume logis serta bagaimana LVM memungkinkan penyesuaian kapasitas
penyimpanan tanpa harus mempartisi ulang disk fisik.

RAID (Redundant Array of Independent Disks): Pembahasan mengenai

RAID dan implementasi RAID pada penyimpanan. RAID adalah metode
untuk menggabungkan beberapa hard drive menjadi satu unit logis guna
meningkatkan kinerja dan/atau keandalan data. Materi ini mencakup berbagai
level RAID, seperti RAID 0 (striping), RAID 1 (mirroring), RAID 5 (parity),
dan RAID 6, serta kelebihan dan kekurangan masing-masing level.

Filesystem Mounting and Unmounting: Mengajarkan bagaimana sistem

operasi memasukkan dan mengeluarkan (mount dan unmount) sistem file ke
dalam struktur direktori, serta memahami peran dan pentingnya proses
mounting ini.

Troubleshooting Storage Issues: Mengenali dan mengatasi masalah yang

umum terjadi pada sistem penyimpanan, termasuk cara melakukan recovery
dan diagnostik terhadap kerusakan data atau error dalam file system dan
partisi.
3. Lab

Lab 1

1. Log in to the servera machine as the student user and switch to the root user.

2. Create the physical device partition on the /dev/vdb storage device.

2.1 Create two partitions of 256 MiB each and set to the Linux LVM type. Use
the first and second names for these partitions.

2.2 Register the new partitions with the kernel.

 2.3 List the partitions on the /dev/vdb storage device. In the Number column,
the 1 and 2 values correspond to the /dev/vdb1 and /dev/vdb2 device
partitions. The Flags column indicates the partition type.

3. Label the two new partitions as physical volumes.

4. Create the servera_group volume group by using the two new PVs.

5. Create the servera_volume logical volume with a size of 400 MiB. This command
creates the /dev/servera_group/servera_volume LV without a file system.

6. Format the newly created LV and mount it persistently.

6.1 Format the servera_volume LV with the XFS file system.
 6.2 Create the /data directory as a mount point.

6.3 To persistently mount the newly created file system, add the following
content in the /etc/fstab file:

6.4 Mount the servera_volume LV.

7. Verify that the mounted file system is accessible, and display the status information
of the LVM.
7.1 Verify that you can copy files to the /data directory.

7.2 View the PV status information. The output shows that the PV uses the
servera_group VG. The PV has a size of 256 MiB and a physical extent size of
4 MiB.

The VG contains 63 PEs, of which 27 PEs are available for allocation, and 36
PEs are currently allocated to LVs. Use the following calculation for
allocating the volume size in MiBs:

Total 252 MiB (63 PEs x 4 MiB)

Free 108 MiB (27 PEs x 4 MiB)

Allocated 144 MiB (36 PEs x 4 MiB)

7.3 View the VG status information of the servera_group VG. The output
shows a VG size of 508 MiB with a PE size of 4 MiB. The available size from
the VG is 108 MiB.

7.4 View the status information for the servera_volume LV. The output shows
the VG name for creating the LV. It also shows an LV size of 400 MiB and an
LE size of 100.
 7.5 View the free disk space in human-readable units. The output shows the
total size of 395 MiB with the available size of 372 MiB.

8. Create the physical resource on the /dev/vdb storage device.

8.1 Create an additional partition of 512 MiB and set it to the Linux LVM
type. Use the third name for this partition.

8.2 Register the new partition with the kernel.

8.3 Add the new partition as a PV.

9. Using the newly created disk space, extend the file system on the servera_volume
to be a total size of 700 MiB.
9.1 Extend the servera_group VG by using the new /dev/vdb3 PV.
 9.2 Extend the existing servera_volume LV to 700 MiB.

9.3 Extend the XFS file system by using the free space on the LV.
10. Verify that the LV size is extended, and that the contents are still present in the
volume.
10.1 Verify the size of the extended LV by using the lvdisplay command.

10.2 Verify the new file-system size. Verify that the previously copied files
are still present.

11. Return to the workstation machine as the student user.

Lab 2

1. Log in to the servera machine as the student user and switch to the root user.

2. Install the stratisd and stratis-cli packages.

3. Activate the stratisd service.

4. Ensure that the stratispool1 Stratis pool exists on the /dev/vdb block device.
4.1 Create the stratispool1 Stratis pool.
 4.2 Verify the availability of the stratispool1 pool. Note the size of the pool.

5. Expand the capacity of the stratispool1 pool by adding the /dev/vdc block device.
5.1 Add the /dev/vdc block device to the stratispool1 pool.

5.2 Verify the size of the stratispool1 pool. The stratispool1 pool size increases
when you add the block device.

5.3 Verify the block devices that are currently members of the stratispool1
pool.

6. Add a thin-provisioned file system called stratis-filesystem1 in the stratispool1

pool. Mount the file system on the /stratisvol directory. Create a file on the stratis-
filesystem1 file system called file1 that contains the text Hello World!. Modify
the /etc/fstab file to persistently mount the file system on the /stratisvol directory.
6.1 Create the thin-provisioned stratis-filesystem1 file system on the
stratispool1 pool. It might take up to a minute for the command to complete.

6.2 Verify the availability of the stratis-filesystem1 file system, and note its
current usage. The usage of the file system increases on demand in the later
steps.
6.3 Create the /stratisvol directory.

6.4 Mount the stratis-filesystem1 file system on the /stratisvol directory.

6.5 Create the /stratisvol/file1 text file.

6.6 Unmount the /stratisvol volume.

6.7 Obtain the UUID of the file system. The UUID would be different in your
system.

6.8 Modify the /etc/fstab file to persistently mount the file system on
the /stratisvol directory. To do so, use the vim /etc/fstab command and add the
following line. Replace the UUID with the correct one for your system.
 6.9 Update the systemd daemon with the new /etc/fstab configuration file.

6.10 Mount the stratisvol volume and verify that the stratis-filesystem1
volume is mounted on the /stratisvol directory.

7. Reboot your system and verify that the file system is persistently mounted across
reboots.
8. Verify that the stratis-filesystem1 thin-provisioned file system dynamically grows
as the data on the file system grows.
8.1 View the current usage of the stratis-filesystem1 file system.

8.2 Create a 2 GiB file on the stratis-filesystem1 file system. It might take up
to a minute for the command to complete.

8.3 Verify the used space in the stratis-filesystem1 file system.

9. Create a snapshot called stratis-filesystem1-snap of the stratis-filesystem1 file

system. The snapshot provides you with access to any file that you delete from the
stratis-filesystem1 file system.
9.1 Create a snapshot of the stratis-filesystem1 file system. It might take up to
a minute for the command to complete.

9.2 Verify the availability of the snapshot.

9.3 Remove the /stratisvol/file1 file.

 9.4 Create the /stratisvol-snap directory.

9.5 Mount the stratis-filesystem1-snap snapshot on the /stratisvol-snap

directory.

9.6 Verify that you can still access the file that you deleted from the stratis-
filesystem1 file system in the snapshot.

10. Unmount the /stratisvol and /stratisvol-snap volumes.

11. Remove the stratis-filesystem1 thin-provisioned file system and the stratis-
filesystem1-snap snapshot from the system.
11.1 Destroy the stratis-filesystem1-snap snapshot.

11.2 Destroy the stratis-filesystem1 file system.

11.3 Return to the workstation system as the student user.

4. Kesimpulan

Bab ini menyoroti pentingnya pengelolaan storage stack yang efektif dalam sebuah
sistem operasi, yang berpengaruh besar terhadap performa dan keandalan data.
Pemahaman mengenai partisi, manajemen volume, dan RAID memungkinkan
administrator sistem untuk merancang konfigurasi penyimpanan yang optimal sesuai
dengan kebutuhan. Selain itu, pengetahuan tentang mounting, unmounting, dan
troubleshooting akan membantu dalam pemeliharaan dan pemecahan masalah pada
sistem penyimpanan. Dengan memahami dan menguasai keterampilan ini, diharapkan
administrator sistem dapat mengelola kapasitas penyimpanan dengan efisien,
meningkatkan kinerja, serta meminimalisir risiko kehilangan data.