1. In Odisha the worship of Siva has been introduced by which of the following dynasties?

A. Somavamsis
B.Guptas
C.Gangas
D.Sailodvavas✓
Answer (d)

Soln: The Sailodbhava dynasty, which ruled over parts of Odisha from the 6th to the 8th century
CE, were devout followers of Shiva. They played a significant role in the development and
popularization of Shiva worship in the region.
Devotion to Shiva: The Sailodbhava rulers were ardent devotees of Shiva. They considered him their
primary deity and patronized the construction and maintenance of numerous Shiva temples.
Construction of Shiva Temples: The dynasty is credited with building several important Shiva
temples, including the Bharateswar Temple in Bhubaneswar. This temple, dating back to the 6th
century, is one of the earliest surviving temples in Odisha and showcases the architectural brilliance
of the Sailodbhava period.
Promotion of Shaivite Beliefs: The Sailodbhavas actively promoted Shaivite beliefs and
practices. They encouraged the study of Shaiva scriptures, organized religious festivals, and
supported the activities of Shaiva ascetics and scholars.
Integration of Local Traditions: The Sailodbhava rulers skillfully integrated local traditions and
beliefs into their Shiva worship practices. This helped to strengthen the connection between the
people and the divine, fostering a sense of religious unity and cultural identity.

2. Mahakantar in ancient times is akin to the modern districts of:

A. Ganjam and Khurdha districts

B. Phulbani and Bolangir districts

Ç.Koraput and Phulbani districts

D.Kalahandi and Koraput
districts Answer (d)

Soln: Mahakantara (500 BC to 500 AD): In the beginning of the Christian era probably it was
known as Mahavana.[1] During the 4th century AD the territory was referred to as Mahakantara
(Greater forest). Both Mahavana and Mahakantara are synonymous terms representing the
same land. Mahakantara and Kosala (or South Kosala) comprising Sambalpur, Bilaspur and
Raipur were two distinct but neighboring territories. Originally these two geographical units
were known as Kantara and Kosala in Ramayana and Mahabharata. In the 4th century AD
Vyaghraraja was ruling over Mahakantara comprising Kalahandi, undivided Koraput and Bastar
region.

3. Which of the following is INCORRECT?

A) The contact between Odisha and the Gupta Empire began during the northern campaign
of Samudragupta.
B) The whole of Odisha was not affected by Samudragupta's capmpaign.
C) The Harisena Prasasti of Allahabad makes it clear that Samudragupta did not establish his
rule over the conquered territories in the south.
D) During Samudragupta's military campaign Odisha was divided into many small
and independent states.
Answer (d)

Soln: Odisha was not a unified kingdom during Samudragupta's time, the Harisena Prasasti, a key
source of information about his conquests, suggests that he defeated several rulers in the region.
These rulers, though independent, were likely not numerous and powerful enough to resist the
might of the Gupta Empire.
Therefore, while Odisha may have been politically fragmented, it wasn't necessarily divided into
"many small and independent states.”

4. Who ruled Kosala during Samduragupta's military campaign?

A) Vyaghraraj
B) Swamidatta
C) Mahendra
D) Kubera
Answer (c)

Soln: The ruler of Kosala during Samudragupta's military campaign was Mahendra. This
information is primarily derived from the Allahabad Pillar Inscription, also known as the Prayag
Prashasti. This inscription, composed by Harisena, provides a detailed account of Samudragupta's
 conquests, including his campaigns in the south. It specifically mentions Mahendra as the ruler
of Kosala whom Samudragupta defeated.
Vyaghraraj: He was the ruler of Mahakantara, another region that Samudragupta conquered.

5. Who among the following Mathara rulers assumed the title of 'Sakala Kalingadhipati'?

A) Saktivarman
B) Prabhanjanavarman
C) Chandravarman
D) Sankaravarman
Answer b

Soln: Prabhanjanavarman, a Mathara ruler, assumed the title "Sakala Kalingadhipati," which
translates to "Lord of the Entire Kalinga." This title indicates his ambition to control the entire
Kalinga region.
While other Mathara rulers like Shaktivarman held the title "Kalingadhipati," it was
Prabhanjanavarman who aimed for a more comprehensive dominion over Kalinga.

6. Which of the following is INCORRECT? Military Officials during

Matharas
Designations

A) Mahavaladhikrita Head of the Army

b) Mahadanda Nayak Assistant Commander
C) Dandanayak Commander
D) Dandaneta Commander of a group
Answer A

Soln: The Mahavaladhikrita was not specifically a military official. Instead, they were
a high-ranking civil official, often serving as a minister or a chief advisor to the king.
The military hierarchy during the Mathara period typically involved:
Dandanayak: The Commander-in-chief
Mahadanda Nayak: Assistant Commander
Dandaneta: Commander of a group of soldiers
 These designations reflect the importance of military power during the Mathara period.

7. Consider the followings: In the latter half of the sixth century A.D:

1) Northern part of Kalinga, then known as Kalingarastra ruled by Vigraha dynasty.

2) The central part of Kalinga was ruled by the Eastern Gangas.

3) The southern part of was ruled by the

Durjayas Which of the above statements is/are

TRUE?

A) Only 1

B) Only 2

C) Only 1 and 3

D) 1, 2 and 3

Answer A
Soln: Only statement 1 is True.
True: The Vigraha dynasty did rule the northern part of Kalinga, known as Kalingarastra, during the
latter half of the 6th century AD.
False: The Eastern Ganga dynasty emerged later, in the 11th century AD.
False: There is no historical evidence to suggest that the Durjayas ruled any part of Kalinga during
the 6th century AD.
Therefore, only statement 1 is correct.

8. The Nala Kingdom comprised of the moderns districts of Bastar (Chhattisgarh) and two

districts in Odisha. Which of the pair of districts was the two districts included in Nala Kingdom?

A) Old Koraput and Kandhamal

B) Kalahandi and Kandhamal

C) Old Koraput and Ganjam

D) Nabarangpur and Gajapati.

Answer A
Soln: Old Koraput and Kandhamal.
The Nala Kingdom, during its peak, extended over parts of present-day Chhattisgarh and Odisha.
In Odisha, their territory primarily encompassed the regions of Old Koraput and Kandhamal.

9. The capital city of Nala dynasty was:

A) Sripur

C) Puskari

B) Vijaya Simhapur

D) Adhikari

Answer b

Soln: The capital city of the Nala dynasty was Pushkari. It is identified with the modern Garhdhanora
in Bastar district, Chhattisgarh.

10. Which of the following is CORRECT about the Sailodbhavas in Odisha?

A) Sailodbhavas emerged at the advent of the seventh century A.D.

B) The name of 'Saildobhava ' literally means 'born out of rocks'.

C) The Ekamra Purana, Kapila Samhita and Svamadri Mahodaya bear some account of
the Sailodbhavas.

D) All the above

Answer d

Soln: All the statements about the Sailodbhavas are correct:

A) Sailodbhavas emerged at the advent of the seventh century A.D., as the Sailodbhava dynasty
rose to power in the 6th-8th centuries AD.

B) The name of 'Saildobhava ' literally means 'born out of rocks': This is a common interpretation
of the name, suggesting a divine origin.
C) The Ekamra Purana, Kapila Samhita and Svamadri Mahodaya bear some account of the
Sailodbhavas: These ancient texts provide valuable insights into the history and culture of
the Sailodbhava dynasty.

Therefore, all the given statements are true regarding the Sailodbhavas in Odisha.

11. The Sailodbhavas ruled over which portion of Odisha?

A) Eastern

B) Northern

C) Southern

D) Western

Answer a

Soln: The Sailodbhavas primarily ruled over the eastern part of Odisha. Their kingdom was centered
around the Kongoda region, which roughly corresponds to the modern-day Ganjam, Khordha, and
Puri districts.

12. Who among the following was said to be the founder ruler of the Sailodbhava dynasty?

A) Dramaraja-I

B) Madhavaraja-l

C) Charamparaja

D) Madhdavaraja-II

Answer c

Soln: The founder ruler of the Sailodbhava dynasty is Dharmaraja I, also known as Ranabhita. He is
considered the first known historical ruler of the dynasty.
13. Which of the following is INCORRECT about the Sailodbhavas in Odisha?

A) They were the feudatories.

B) A number of Saiva temples were built in Odisha during this period.

C) The Sailodbhava kings used names ending in bhita which appears to be their family surname

D) All the above

Answer d

Soln: They were the feudatories. The Sailodbhavas were an independent dynasty ruling over a
significant portion of Odisha. They were not feudatories under any other power.

B) A number of Saiva temples were built in Odisha during this period: The Sailodbhavas
were patrons of Shaivism, and many Shiva temples were constructed during their reign.

C) The Sailodbhava kings used names ending in bhita which appears to be their family surname:
This is a characteristic feature of the Sailodbhava dynasty's naming convention.

14. Which craft is common to Raghurajpur of Puri district, Kakarudrapur & Kenduvilwa in
Khurda district, Kendupali (Kalapathar) in Cuttack district and Old town area of Bhubaneswar?

a) Cane work

b) Horn work

c) Palm leaf engraving

d) Dhokra casting

Answer -C

Soln: Palm leaf engraving, also known as Talapatra Chitra, is a traditional art form in Odisha,
particularly prominent in Raghurajpur, Puri district. This ancient technique involves engraving
intricate designs and stories onto dried palm leaves using a sharp stylus.

Key characteristics of palm leaf engraving in Odisha:

Intricate designs: The engravings are characterized by fine lines and detailed depictions of
mythological stories, religious motifs, and historical events.

Natural materials: Palm leaves are used as the canvas, and natural dyes and pigments are used for
coloring.

Durable: The engravings on palm leaves are surprisingly durable and can last for centuries if
properly preserved.

Cultural significance: Palm leaf engravings have deep cultural significance, reflecting the rich
heritage and traditions of Odisha.

15. Which of the following is INCORRECT?

Temples Built by

A) The Muktesvara Temple Yayati II

B) The Rajarani Temple Kolavati

C) The Brahmesvara Temple Yayati I

D) The Lingaraj Temple

Indraratha Answer

Soln: The incorrect statement is A) The Muktesvara Temple was built by Yayati

II. The Muktesvara Temple was actually built by Yayati I of the Somavamshi

dynasty. The other statements are correct:

B) The Rajarani Temple was built by Kolavati.

C) The Brahmesvara Temple was built by Yayati I.

D) The Lingaraj Temple was built by Indraratha.

16. Match the following:

List-l List-ll

A Ekavali 1. Jayadeva

B. Sahitya Darpana 2. Satyananda

C. Gita Govinda 3. Vidyadhar

D. Surya Siddhanta 4. Viswanath Kaviraj

Answer

Soln • Ekavali is a significant work by Vidyadhar.

• Sahitya Darpana is a literary text written by Viswanath Kaviraj.

Gita Govinda is a famous Sanskrit poem composed by Jayadeva.

• Surya Siddhanta is an astronomical text written by Satyananda.

17. The Odishan temple architecture appears to have been a product of

A) Nagara style of temple architecture

B) Dravida style of temple architecture

C) Besara style of temple architecture

D) None of the

above Answer a

Soln: Odisha's temple architecture, unique to the region, blends Nagara and Dravida styles into a
distinctive Kalinga style. Renowned for intricate carvings, graceful proportions, and durable
construction, iconic examples include the Lingaraja Temple, Jagannath Temple, Konark Sun Temple,
and Mukteswar Temple. These temples showcase the rich cultural heritage and artistic brilliance of
Odisha.

18. Lolla Laxmidhar Pandit adorned the royal court of:

A) Kapilendradeva

B) Purushottamdeva

C) Prataparudradeva

D) Kaluadeva
Answer c

Soln: Lolla Laxmidhar Pandit was an important luminary of the court of Prataparudra who composed
several works such as Vachaspativilasa, Yogadipika, Manva Dharmasastra Dipika, Karnavatamsa and
Saundaryalahari Vyakhya. Divakara, a grammarian and poet who wrote Lakshnadarsa, Ohurtacarita,
Parijataharana Nataka and Rasamanjari. Jivadava's Bhakti Bhagavata was a milestone in Sanskrit
literature during that period. Ramananda Raya wrote Jagannatha Vallabha.

19. Which of the following is INCORRECT?

Literary Works Writers

A) Bhakti Bhagavata Jivadeva

B) Yogadipika Laxmidhar Pandit

C) Jagannath Vallabha Nataka Ray Ramananda

D) Ananda Vilasa

Prataprudradeva Answer

Soln

20. Which of the following is CORRECT?

A) Mandala states semi-independent principalities.

B) The rulers of these principalities owed allegiance to greater powers b like Bhaumakaras
and Suryavamsis etc.

C) They had their own army and issued charters without even referring 3 to their overlords.

D) All the

above Answer

Soln: A) Mandala states semi-independent principalities.

This is a core characteristic of the mandala system. While these principalities were part of a larger
political structure, they enjoyed a significant degree of autonomy.

B) The rulers of these principalities owed allegiance to greater powers like Bhaumakaras and
Suryavamsis etc. These principalities often acknowledged the supremacy of larger powers, but
this
acknowledgment was more symbolic than practical. They maintained a significant degree of
independence in their internal affairs.

C) They had their own army and issued charters without even referring to their overlords.
This demonstrates the practical autonomy of these principalities. They had the capacity to
defend themselves and issue official documents without seeking approval from their
overlords.

Therefore, all three statements accurately describe the nature of mandala states.

21. During whose rule Bhubaneswar emerged as a good centre of Jainism?

A) The Bhaumakaras

B) The Gangas

C) The Somavamsis

D) The

Suryavamsis

Answer A

Soln:

The Bhaumakara dynasty, which ruled over parts of Odisha from the 8th to the 10th centuries
CE, was known for its patronage of Jainism. During their reign, Bhubaneswar emerged as a
significant center of Jainism, with several temples and monasteries being built in the region.

The Khandagiri and Udayagiri caves, located near Bhubaneswar, are a prime example of the
Jain heritage of this period. These caves, with their intricate carvings and inscriptions,
showcase the artistic and religious significance of Jainism during the Bhaumakara era.

22. Which of the following is INCORRECT regarding Buddhism in Odisha?

A ) Tapasu and Bhallika were believed to have been the first men to accept Buddhism from Utkal.

B) Buddhism was non-existent in Odisha during Ashoka's invasion.

C) During Hiuen Tsang's visit both Hinayana and Mahayana forms of Buddhism were prevalent
in Odisha.

D) The Buddhist texts nowhere mentions about the visit of Lord Buddha To Odisha during his
life time.

Answer b

Soln: The incorrect statement is B) Buddhism was non-existent in Odisha during Ashoka's invasion.

While it's true that there's no direct evidence of Buddhism being widespread in Odisha before
Ashoka's reign, it's unlikely that the region was completely devoid of Buddhist influence. Ashoka's
empire extended to parts of Odisha, and his patronage of Buddhism would have undoubtedly had
an impact on the region.

23. Who among the following officials was in charge of the Praganas under the
Maratha dispensation?

A) Fauzdars

B) Amils

C) Kanungoes

D) Talukdar

s Answer b

Soln: The correct answer is B) Amils.

Amils were the key officials in charge of Praganas (districts) during the Maratha rule. They were
responsible for revenue collection, law and order, and overall administration within their respective
jurisdictions.

24. 'Nankar' in Maratha administration referred to:

A) Donation to religious shrines

B) Annual sum paid to Jagannath Temple at Puri

C) The court of the Subhadar

D) Rent - free lands given to revenue

collectors Answer d

Soln: Nankar in Maratha administration referred to rent-free lands given to revenue collectors.

These land grants were provided to officials as a form of remuneration for their services. The
Nankar system was a common practice during the Maratha period, and it helped to incentivize and
motivate revenue officials.

25. 'Hustabad' settlement was prevalent in Odisha during the rule

A) The Afghans

B) The Marathas

C) The Nizams

D) The

British

Answer b

Soln: The correct answer is B) The Marathas.

The 'Hustabad' settlement was a revenue system implemented by the Marathas during their rule in
Odisha. It involved a fixed annual payment to the state, regardless of the actual revenue collected.
This system often led to exploitation of the peasants and contributed to economic distress in the
region.

26. Which of the following was the strategic port in the south under the Maratha dispensation?

A) Barakul

B) Balugaon

C) Malud

D) Ganjam
Answer D

Soln: The correct answer is D) Ganjam.

Ganjam was a strategically important coastal region in the south during the Maratha rule. It was a
vital port city and controlled trade routes, making it a crucial position for the Marathas to maintain
their influence in the region.

27. Which of the following was NOT correct about the Faujdars in Maratha Administration?

A) He exercised both civil and military powers.

B) He was assisted by Zamindars with troops during emergency situations.

C) He supervised collection of revenue from tributary states.

D) He acted as the Subhadar in the latter's absence.

Answer d

Soln: The incorrect statement is D) He acted as the Subhadar in the latter's absence.

While Faujdars were powerful officials with both civil and military authority, they were subordinate
to the Subhadar, who was the highest-ranking official in a province. A Faujdar would not assume the
Subhadar's role in their absence.

29. Consider the following statements.

1. Judical and revenue system was simple in Odisha under the Maratha dispensation.

2. Justice was cheap and easily available.

3.Justice was administered on the basis of usage and custom than the rules and regulations.

Which of the above mentioned statements was/were CORRECT with regards to the Maratha
administration in Odisha?
A) 1 & 2

B) Only 3

C) 2 & 3

D) 1, 2, 3

Answer d

Soln: The correct answer is: 3. Justice was administered on the basis of usage and custom than the
rules and regulations.

During the Maratha rule in Odisha, the judicial system was characterized by a blend of formal laws
and informal customs. While there were established legal procedures, the actual administration of
justice often relied heavily on local customs and practices. This approach, while sometimes leading to
inconsistencies, often ensured that justice was delivered in a manner that was understood and
accepted by the local population.

However, it's important to note that the Maratha administration in Odisha, while having some
positive aspects, was also marked by corruption and exploitation. The judicial system, although
rooted in local customs, was not always free from these issues.

30. The Paika rebellion was mostly a:

a) Agrarian uprising

b) Feudal uprising

c) Intellectual uprising

d) Both (a) and

(b) Answer d

Soln: The correct answer is d) Both (a) and (b).

The Paika Rebellion was a complex uprising with both agrarian and feudal elements. The Paikas, a
military caste who had traditionally served the Khurda Kingdom, were affected by the British land
revenue policies, which disrupted their traditional sources of income. This agrarian dimension
was
coupled with a feudal aspect, as the Paikas were also fighting to protect their social status and
privileges as a warrior class.

Therefore, the rebellion was a multifaceted movement with both agrarian and feudal motivations.

31. Consider the following statements.

1. Appointment of Odias in government services

2. Reduction in the prices of salt and the easy availability of the same.

3 he King of Khurda was assigned with the management of the Jagannath Temple at Puri

4. Revenue burden on zamindars was reduced.

Which of the above is/are the consequences of the Paika Rebellion?

a) Only 1, 2 and 3

b) Only 2, 3 and 4

c) Only 2 and 4

d) 1, 2 , 3 and

4 Answer C

Soln: The correct answer is c) Only 2 and 4.

The Paika Rebellion, while a significant event in Odisha's history, did not directly lead to
the consequences mentioned in options 1 and 3.

Option 2: Reduction in the prices of salt and the easy availability of the same. This is
partially correct. While the British did implement reforms in the salt trade, these were more
a result of broader colonial policies than a direct consequence of the Paika Rebellion.

Option 4: Revenue burden on zamindars was reduced. This is also partially correct. The British did
make some adjustments to the revenue system, but these were often motivated by their own
fiscal interests rather than as a direct response to the rebellion.
The Paika Rebellion primarily highlighted the discontent of the local population with British policies
and the exploitation of the traditional land tenure system. While it did not lead to significant
long-term changes in terms of government appointments or the management of the Jagannath
Temple, it did spark a sense of Odia identity and resistance against colonial rule.

32. The Great Famine of 1866 is also gone in history as 'Na'Anka' as it:

a) Was the 9th worst famine that hit Odisha

b) Took place in the ninth regnal year of Gajapati Divyasinghadeva

c) Took place in the ninth year of the British rule in Odisha

d) None of the

above Answer b

Soln: The correct answer is b) Took place in the ninth regnal year of Gajapati Divyasinghadeva.

The Great Famine of 1866, locally known as "Na'Anka" (meaning "Nine Anka"), is named after the
ninth regnal year of Gajapati Divyasinghadeva. This famine was one of the most devastating
famines in Indian history, particularly affecting the region of Odisha.

33. Who among the following was the Commissioner of Odisha during the Famine of 18662

a) H. B Impey

b) A. B

Cumberledge CT. E

Ravenshaw

d) George

Campbell Answer c

Soln: The Commissioner of Odisha during the Famine of 1866 was T.E. Ravenshaw. His ineffective
handling of the crisis and delayed response contributed to the severity of the famine.
34. Which of the following was NOT a cause of the Famine 1866?

a) Careless export of food grains

b) Inefficient government machinery

c) Abolition of salt monopoly

d) Closure of Jagannath temple

Answer d

Soln: Except option D, other 3 options are clear indications of the reasons for the great famine that
took place in 1866.

35. The Utkal Sammilani, the foremost Odia national organization came into being in the

year: a) 1895

b)

1901

(c)190

3 d)

1905

Answer c

Soln: The correct answer is (c) 1903.

The Utkal Sammilani, a pivotal organization in the Odia nationalist movement, was founded in 1903.
It played a crucial role in advocating for the unification of Odia-speaking regions and the formation
of a separate province of Odisha.

36. Which of the following was the primary objective of the Utkal Sammilani?

a) To establish high schools in Odisha

b) To make Odia as the official language To merge Odia - speaking tracts with the then Odisha
c) To merge Odia-speaking tracts with the then Odisha.

(d) To establish a legislative council directly elected by the people of

Answer c

Soln: The primary objective of the Utkal Sammilani was to merge Odia-speaking tracts with the then
Odisha. This was the core goal of the organization, and it played a crucial role in the formation of a
separate state of Odisha.

36. Which of the following is INCORRECT?

Leaders of Odisha Alternative Names

a) Madhusudan Das Utkal Gaurav

b) Gopabandhu Das Utkal Mani

c) Gouri Kumar Brahma Utkal Bachaspati

d) Mayadhar Mansingh Prakruti

Kabi Answer d

Soln: Mayadhar Mansingh is known as Love poet and the designation of Prakruti kabi is awarded to
Gangadhar Meher.

37. The legendary Gopabandhu Das was born in the year:

a) 1858

b) 1867

C) 1877

d) 1881

Answer c

Soln: c)

1877

Gopabandhu Das, the revered "Utkal Mani," was born on October 9, 1877, in Suando village, near
Puri, Odisha.
38. Which of the following committee was appointed by the Government of British India to
assess the merger of Ganjam with Odisha?

a) Simon Commission

b) Phillip Committee

c) Phillip-Duff Committee

d) Attlee Committee

Answer c

Soln: The correct answer is Phillip-Duff Committee.

This committee was appointed by the British Indian government in 1924 to assess the feasibility of
merging the Odia-speaking areas of Ganjam district with the then-existing province of Bihar and
Orissa.

38. Who among the Odia leaders were included in the Attlee Sub - committee to recommend for a
separate province of Odisha?

1. Madhusudan Das

2. Rajendra Narayan Bhanjadeo

3. Laxmidhar Mohanty

4. Biswanath Kar

Choose the CORRECT answer out of the following?

a) 1 and 2

b) 2 and 3

c) 2 and 4

d) 1, 2 and

3 Answer b
Soln: Rajendra Narayan Bhanjadeo and Laxmidhar Mohanty were the two Odia leaders included in
the Attlee Sub-committee.

39. Which of the following subcommittee was appointed by the Statutory Commission to
examine the case of a separate province of Odisha and recommend accordingly?

a) Phillip Committee

b) Beam Committee

c) Attlee Committee

d) Duff Committee

Answer c

Soln: The correct answer is c) Atlee Committee.

The Attlee Committee was a sub-committee appointed by the Simon Commission to specifically
examine the case for a separate province of Odisha. It played a crucial role in recommending the
formation of the separate province.

40. Consider the following statements regarding rolling uplands in Odisha.

1. They are the products of continued river action

3. They are higher in elevation than the plateaus.

2. They are rich in soil nutrients.

4. They vary from 150m to 300m in elevation. Which of the above statements are CORRECT?

a)2,3, and 4

b) 1, 3 and 4

c) 1, 2 and 4

d) 2 and 4

only Answer-

(c)
Soln- Location: Located in the western and northwestern parts of Odisha, bordering the states of
Chhattisgarh and Jharkhand.

Elevation: The uplands are lower in elevation compared to the plateaus, ranging from 150 to 300
meters above sea level.

Formation: Formed by the continuous action of rivers, resulting in a rolling landscape with fertile
soil.

Soil: Rich in nutrients, making it suitable for agriculture, particularly paddy cultivation.

River Basins: The uplands are situated in the basins of the upper Brahmani, Mahanadi, and Sabari
rivers.

Upland Divisions: The Western Rolling Uplands can be divided into several distinct regions,
including:

* Rairangpur Rolling Upland

* Keonjhar Rolling Upland

* Rajgangpur Uplands

* Jharsuguda Uplands

* Bhawanipatna Uplands

* Bargarh Uplands

* Balangir-Titlagarh Uplands

* Patnagarh Uplands

* Malkangiri Uplands

Vegetation: The uplands are partially covered by forests, providing habitat for various wildlife
species.

41. Which of the following is INCORRECT?

a) Barehipani Falls -Mayurbhanj

b) Khandadhar Falls- Sundargarh

c) Joranda Falls - Mayurbhanj

d) Duduma Falls-

Bolangir Answer C

Soln: The incorrect option is c) Joranda Falls - Mayurbhanj.

Joranda Falls is actually located in the district of Sundargarh, not Mayurbhanj.

* Barehipani Falls is in Mayurbhanj.

* Khandadhar Falls is in Sundargarh.

* Duduma Falls is in Bolangir.

42. Which of the following is INCORRECT about the rainfall pattern in

Odisha? a.Agriculture in Odisha directly depends upon monsoon.

b.80 percent of total rainfall is received during monsoon season

c.Coastal Odisha receives maximum rainfall from south-west monsoon.

d.The mountainous regions receives copious rainfall from south-west monsoon

Answer -d

Soln: The incorrect statement is d. The mountainous regions receive copious rainfall from
the south-west monsoon.

While the coastal regions of Odisha do receive significant rainfall from the south-west monsoon, the
mountainous regions, particularly those in the western part of the state, often experience rainfall
from the north-east monsoon. These regions have a distinct rainfall pattern, and the south-west
monsoon may not be the primary source of rainfall for them.

43. Which type of forest in Odisha covers more than fifty percent of the total area under forest in
the State?

a) Tropical Moist Deciduous Forest

b) Tropical Dry Deciduous Forest

c) Tropical Semi Evergreen Forest

d) Littoral and Swamp Forest

Answer -b) Tropical Dry Deciduous Forest

Tropical Dry Deciduous Forest covers the largest area in Odisha, accounting for more than 50% of
the total forest cover. These forests are characterized by trees that shed their leaves during the dry
season. They are predominantly found in the western and southern parts of the state.

44. Which of the following soil covers the largest areas in the State?

a) Red soil

d) Yellow soil

c) Alluvial

soil Answer a

Soln Red soil is a significant soil type in Odisha, covering a substantial area. It is particularly
prevalent in the western and southern parts of the state, including districts like Koraput, Rayagada,
Nawrangpur, Malkangiri, Keonjhar, Ganjam, Kalahandi, Nuapada, Bolangir, Dhenkanal, and
Mayurbhanj.

Characteristics of Red Soil in Odisha:

Reddish Color: The distinctive red color of these soils is due to the presence of iron oxide.

Texture: The texture varies across different regions. In some areas, it is heavy and clayey, while in
others, it is lighter and sandy.

Fertility: Red soils are generally fertile, but they can be deficient in nitrogen, organic matter, and
certain micronutrients.

Drainage: These soils are well-drained, which can be beneficial for certain crops but can also lead to
nutrient leaching.

Crops: Red soils are suitable for cultivating a variety of crops, including millets, pulses, groundnuts,
and some horticultural crops. However, their fertility and moisture-holding capacity can limit their
suitability for some crops, especially those requiring high water content.

45. Mixed red and yellow soil is mostly found in:

a) Sambalpur, Bargarh, Deogarh and Sundergarh

b) Sambalpur, Bolangir, Cuttack

c) Bolangir, Nayagarh and Koraput

d) Bolangir, Bargarh, Nayagarh and Nabarangpur

Answer - a) Sambalpur, Bargarh, Deogarh and Sundargarh

Mixed red and yellow soils are predominantly found in these districts of western Odisha. These soils
are formed due to the weathering of crystalline and metamorphic rocks. They are generally fertile
and suitable for cultivation of various crops like paddy, pulses, oilseeds, and millets.

46. The type of soil found in most of the coastal districts of Odisha is:

a) Red soils

b) Black soils

c) Mixed red and black soils

d) Alluvial soils

Answer - d) Alluvial soils are predominantly found in the coastal districts of Odisha. These fertile soils
are deposited by the major rivers like Mahanadi, Brahmani, Baitarani, and Rushikulya, making them
ideal for agriculture, especially paddy cultivation.

47. Consider the following statements.

1. These soils occur sporadically in the districts of Puri, Ganjam, Malkangiri, Kalahandi,
Nuapada, Bolangir and Angul.

2. They are formed due to weathering of basic rocks in the low lying areas.

3. These soils are suitable for growing rice, bajra, Bengal

gram, mustard and cotton

The above statements refer to:

a) Red soils

b) Laterite soils

c) Black soils

d) Yellow soils

Answer - b) Laterite soils.

Laterite soils are formed due to intense leaching in tropical and subtropical areas. They are
characterized by their red color due to the presence of iron oxide. While they are not as fertile as
alluvial soils, they can be improved through proper soil management practices.
The crops mentioned in statement 3 are suitable for cultivation in laterite soils, especially with the
addition of organic matter and fertilizers.

48. The soil type that occur mostly in the forest areas of Phulbani, Rayagada and parts of Ganjam
and Nayagarh is called:

a) Brown soil

b) Red soil

c) Yellow soil

d) Black soil

Answer - b) Red soil is the predominant soil type found in the forest areas of Phulbani, Rayagada,
Ganjam, and Nayagarh. These soils are formed due to the weathering of crystalline and
metamorphic rocks. They are generally fertile and support various types of vegetation, including
forests.

49. Which of the following is a horseshoe shaped fresh water

a) Chilka

b) Sara

c) Ansupa

d) Patta

Answer - c) Ansupa is a horseshoe-shaped freshwater lake located in Cuttack district, Odisha. It's
known for its scenic beauty and rich biodiversity.

50. Which of the following is INCORRECT?

Reservoirs Rivers

a) Hadagarh Salandi

b) Mandira Sankh

c) Balimela Bahuda

d) Rengali Brahmani

Answer -D The Bali mela reservoir is on the Sileru river. Others are correct.