MSc II Research Project Outline

PRATAP COLLEGE , AMALNER
RESEARCH OUTLINE OF THE THESIS ENTITLED
“EFFECT OF ANNEALING TEMPERATURE STRUCTURE AND

OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF CdSnO3 FILM”
Submitted to
KBC NORTH MAHARASHTRA UNIVERSITY
JALGAON
For the degree of
Masters Of Science in Physics
By
Harshada Vijay Valvi
[PRN NO:2023]
Under the guidance of
Dr. N.S.KOCHE SIR
Assistant Professor
RESEARCH LABORATORY,
DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS,
Project Title:-
Effect of annealing temperature on structural and optical
properties of CdSnO3
Introduction:-
When CdSnO3 will anneal at different temperature, it can
significantly affects its structure and optical properties.
Annealing is a process of heating a material to a specific
temperature and then cooling it slowly to alter its properties
1.Structure
-Annealing at different temperature can lead to changes in the
3promote the formation of a more ordered crystal structure,
resulting in improved crystallinity and reduced defects in
material. This can enhance the material’s electrical and optical
properties.
2.Optical Properties
-Annealing temperature can influence the optical properties of
CdSnO3, such as its bandgap energy, absorption spectrum, and
transparency. Changes in crystal structure due to annealing can
affect the material's optical behavior. For example, annealing at
higher temperatures can lead to a more uniform and compact
structure, which may result in improved optical transparency
and reduced light scattering within the material.
Objective:-
➢ To prepare CdSnO3 nanoparticle by chemical co-precipitation
method
➢ To prepare CdSnO3 material by varying different precursor
concentration and temperature
➢ To prepare CdSnO3 thin film by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis
technique at different optimization condition
➢ To prepare CdSnO3 thick film by screen printing technique
➢ To characterize the thick and thin films using various
analyzing techniques.
➢ To study the structural and optical properies of prepared
powder and thin/thick films
➢ To fabricate thick and thin films using various analyzing
techniques
➢ To study the gas sensing performance of the prepared gas
sensors
➢ To test the sensing performance of the sensors by exposing
them with different toxic gases
➢ To modify the sensing materials by adding various additives
to enhance the conductivity , gas response, selectivity,
response and recovery time, stability and repeatability of the
sensors.
Methodology :
1) Chemical co -precipitation method:

Co-precipitation is a cheaper and simple synthesis method
for preparation of metal oxide nanoparticles. In co-
precipitation method a salt precursor commonly metal nitrate,
chloride, and acetate which dissolved in double distilled water
and addition of a base such as sodium hydroxide or ammonium
hydroxide with maintain suitable Ph value which gives
precepted form. Precipitate is filtered several times by using
distilled water and centrifuge to remove unwanted organic
compounds and dry at different temperature and fired at
optimum temperatures.
2) Ultrasonic Spray Pyrolysis :
Fig. 1 below shows schematic diagram of ultrasonic spray
pyrolysis system. It consists of Sono-Tek spray nozzle, ultrasonic
broad band generator, syringe pump SK5001, heater,
temperature indicator and XYZ scanner controlled by
microprocessor. The spray nozzle is mounted in the XYZ
scanning chamber which is controlled by microprocessor.
Ultrasonic generator produces high frequency ultrasonic waves
having frequency of 120 kHz.
Fig.1 Ultrasonic spray pyrolysis
This high frequency signal is applied to piezoelectric transducer
associated in nozzle. The piezoelectric transducer converts a
high frequency signal into mechanical energy. This energy is
used to convert the precursor solution into the smoke or spray.
This spray was sprayed onto the pre-heated glass substrate to
prepare nanostructured thin films.
3) Screen printing technique:

To prepare thick films, the paste of functional material is
formulated and printed onto an insulating surface such as glass
substrates in a definite pattern [20]. The thick film technique is
screen printing and firing process. For thick film technology,
paste of the functional material is prepared with the use of
some temporary binder (organic binder) [21]. A proper
permanent binder, glass frit, is used along with the functional
material to achieve adhesion of a film to the substrate. The
paste is printed on an insulating substrate, which can stand at
higher temperatures, using screen printing to get definite
pattern. The printed film is dried under an IR lamp to remove
the temporary organic binder and then is fired at a higher
temperature with a definite time-temperature profile to obtain
stability and better adhesion of the film to the substrate [22].
4) Characterization techniques to be employed in present
investigation:
• XRD (X-ray Diffractometry)
• FESEM with EDS (Field Emission Scanning Electron
Microscopy)
• TEM ( Transmission Electron Microscopy)
• AFM (Atomic Force Microscopy)
• UV-Vis spectroscopy
• TGA/DTA
• BET surface area measurement
• STM (Scanning Tunneling Microscope)
• FTIR (Fourier Transform Infra-Red) spectroscopy
• PL (Photoluminescence Spectroscopy)
• XPS (X-ray Photoelectron spectroscopy)
Expected outcome:-
The outcome of this research project will provide valuable
insights into how annealing temperature influence the
structure and optical properties of CdSnO3 .
H. V. Valvi Dr. N. S. Koche

(Research student) (Research Guide)
Department of physics Department of physics
Pratap College, Amalner Pratap College, Amalner

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PRATAP COLLEGE , AMALNER

RESEARCH OUTLINE OF THE THESIS ENTITLED

“EFFECT OF ANNEALING TEMPERATURE STRUCTURE AND

1) Chemical co -precipitation method:

3) Screen printing technique:

H. V. Valvi Dr. N. S. Koche

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