UNIT 3 TEST

AP US History Period 4
Questions 1 - 3 refer to the excerpt below.
“The history of mankind is a history of repeated injuries and usurpations on the part of
man toward woman, having in direct object the establishment of an absolute tyranny over
her. To prove this, let facts be submitted to a candid world. “He has never permitted her to
exercise her inalienable right to the elective franchise. “He has compelled her to submit to
laws, in the formation of which she had no voice.... “Having deprived her of this first right of
a citizen, the elective franchise, thereby leaving her without representation in the halls of
legislation, he has oppressed her on all sides.... “He has taken from her all right in property,
even to the wages she earns.”
Seneca Falls Convention, Declaration of Sentiments and Resolutions, 1848
1. The ideas expressed in the excerpt most directly challenged the prevailing ideal in the
early nineteenth century that
(A) women should enjoy full and equal rights with men
(B) women should focus on the home and the domestic sphere
(C) the ability of women to earn wages was a positive development
(D) women should educate their children about the rights and responsibilities of
citizenship

2. The people who authored the above passage organized the movement following
(A) rejection from a convention supporting the antislavery movement
(B) peace talks with Native Americans
(C) the election of Andrew Jackson to the presidency
(D) revitalizing sermons from the Second Great Awakening

3. Sojourner Truth, Lucretia Mott, and Elizabeth Cady Stanton saw a connection between
the women's rights movement and
(A) the Second Great Awakening
(B) the antislavery movement
(C) the cult of domesticity
(D) the Constitution

Questions 4 - 7 refer to the graph below.

4. Which of the following was a significant cause of the trend from 1843 to 1854 shown in
the graph?
(A) Active encouragement of migration by the United States government
(B) Economic and political difficulties in Germany and Ireland
(C) Incentives offered by United States companies looking to hire skilled migrants
(D) Adoption of free trade policies by European governments

5. The migrants represented by the graph most typically settled in which of the following
regions of the United States?
(A) The Northeast
(B) The Southeast
(C) The Southwest
(D) The West Coast

6. Which of the following was a direct effect of the trend in immigration after 1845 shown
on the graph?
(A) An increase in sectional tensions
(B) A major economic downturn
(C) An upsurge in nativist sentiment
(D) The collapse of the second party system
7. The main trend shown in the graph was most directly associated with which of the
following processes occurring in the United States at the time?
(A) The convergence of European and American cultures
(B) The emergence of an industrialized economy
(C) The displacement of American Indians from the Southeast
(D) The resurgence of evangelical Protestantism

Questions 8 - 12 refer to the excerpt below.

“On the subject of slavery . . . I will be as harsh as truth, and as uncompromising as justice. . .
. On this subject, I do not wish to think, or speak, or write, with moderation. . . . I am in
earnest—I will not equivocate—I will not excuse—I will not retreat a single inch—AND I
WILL BE HEARD.”
— William Lloyd Garrison, first issue of abolitionist newspaper The Liberator, January
1831

8. The excerpt was likely to have found the most support among which of the following
groups?
(A) Immigrants from Ireland
(B) Members of Congress
(C) Justices on the Supreme Court
(D) Advocates for women’s rights

9. A person who agreed with Garrison’s views expressed in the excerpt would most likely
have advocated
(A) paying slaveholders to gradually free enslaved people
(B) encouraging free Black people to migrate to Africa
(C) the preservation of the Missouri Compromise
(D) immediate emancipation of enslaved people

10. The type of views expressed in the excerpt emerged most directly from which of the
following trends?
(A) Growing nativism
(B) Opposition to industrialization
(C) The Second Great Awakening
(D) Support for the idea of predestination
11. Opponents of Garrison’s ideas expressed in the excerpt would most likely have argued
that
(A) slavery was a positive social institution and should not be changed
(B) Garrison was too conservative in his vision of social change
(C) new discoveries about racial equality had made Garrison’s ideas obsolete
(D) African Americans were already guaranteed basic rights

12. In the North before the Civil War, the majority of the population reacted to abolitionists
by
(A) treating them as a threat to society, even doing them bodily harm
(B) seeing them as well-meaning but misguided people
(C) accepting their arguments, but rejecting their calls for action
(D) regarding them as heroes in the struggle against the South

Questions 13 - 15 refer to the image below.

13. All of the following groups would have been likely to agree with the image’s depiction of
Andrew Jackson EXCEPT
(A) South Carolinians who opposed federal tariffs
(B) American Indians such as Cherokees
(C) western farmers who opposed the national bank
(D) advocates of federally funded internal improvement projects

14. The creator of the image would most likely agree with which of the following
statements?
(A) Jackson’s natural leadership skills made him an ideal president.
(B) Jackson’s political actions were unconstitutional.
(C) Jackson would have accepted internal improvements if Congress had consulted him.
(D) Jackson was celebrated by the people because his foreign policies benefited the
nation.
15. Which of the following events could best be interpreted as reflecting the exercise of
power depicted in the image?
(A) The completion of the transcontinental railroad despite concerns about costs
(B) American Indian removal despite the Supreme Court ruling in Worcester v. Georgia
(C) The publication of the South Carolina Exposition and Protest, which explained
nullification
(D) The formation of the Whig Party

Questions 16 - 20 refer to the excerpt below.

But every difference of opinion is not a difference of principle. We have called by different
names brethren of the same principle. We are all Republicans, we are all Federalists. If
there be any among us who would wish to dissolve this Union or to change its republican
form, let them stand undisturbed as monuments of the safety with which error of opinion
may be tolerated where reason is left free to combat it. I know, indeed, that some honest
men fear that a republican government cannot be strong, that this Government is not
strong enough; but would the honest patriot, in the full tide of successful experiment,
abandon a government which has so far kept us free and firm on the theoretic and
visionary fear that this Government, the world's best hope, may by possibility want energy
to preserve itself? I trust not. I believe this, on the contrary, the strongest Government on
earth. I believe it the only one where every man, at the call of the law, would fly to the
standard of the law, and would meet invasions of the public order as his own personal
concern. Sometimes it is said that man can not be trusted with the government of himself.
Can he, then, be trusted with the government of others? Or have we found angels in the
forms of kings to govern him? Let history answer this question
-Thomas Jefferson, First Inaugural Address, 1801
16. Jefferson’s statement “We are all Republicans, We are all Federalists” was meant to
(A) reassure a divided country that we all shared the same American values
(B) keep political parties or factions from forming
(C) send message to the world to not be involved in the affairs of the U.S.
(D) pave the way for the territorial expansion into the way

17. The statement “Or have we found angels in the forms of kings to govern him” was
directed at
(A) Europeans who wanted to impose a monarchy on the United States
(B) Uniting those who favored a hereditary system with those who favored a theocracy
(C) those who did not believe man could govern himself (a representative government)
but felt they could govern others
(D) Federalist supporters of John Adams

18. The phrase “brethren of the same principle” is used by Jefferson to mean
(A) a belief in the ideals expressed in the Declaration of Independence
(B) Republicans and Federalists are alike in their political ideology
(C) the brotherhood of mankind is akin to belonging to the same church
(D) support for constitutional protections for freedom of religion

19. In reality, Jefferson accomplished the Republican ambition of

(A) increasing and strengthening the federal bureaucracy
(B) limiting the size of the federal government
(C) decreasing the emphasis on farming
(D) creating a system of universal education

20. The territorial expansion seen during the Jefferson administration had all of the
following effects except for
(A) doubling the size of the country
(B) ultimately exacerbating the issue of slavery
(C) solving diplomatic issues with Spain
(D) providing unrestricted access to the Mississippi henceforth
Questions 21 - 24 refer to the excerpt below.
Be it enacted… That… no British or French armed vessels shall be permitted to enter the
harbors or waters under the jurisdiction of the United States… except when they shall be
forced in by distress… That all pacific intercourse with any interdicted foreign armed
vessels, the officers or crew thereof, is hereby forbidden… That in case either Great Britain
or France shall… revoke or modify her edicts as that they shall cease to violate the neutral
commerce of the United States… and if the other nation shall not within three months
thereafter so revoke or modify her edicts in like manner then… [the act] shall … be revived
and have full force and effect… of the nation thus refusing or neglecting to revoke or modify
her edicts in the manner aforesaid… And the restrictions imposed by this act shall,… cease
and be discontinued in relation to the nation revoking or modifying her decrees in the
manner aforesaid.
- Macon’s Bill No.2, 1810

21. The failure of the European countries to adhere to this bill would result in the
(A) Battle of Tippecanoe
(B) Battle of Fallen Timbers
(C) Tripolitan War
(D) War of 1812

22. A common understating of Macon’s Bill No. 2 is

(A) if either France of the British lifted their trade restrictions the U.S. would trade with
them and not the other country
(B) if the two countries continued to violate the neutral commerce of the U.S. then the
U.S. would not trade with either country
(C) it was tilted in favor of France and which meant there would be a war between the
United States and Great Britain
(D) d. Great Britain tended to be favored in the bill because of the common language
and culture

23. Following the War of 1812, westward expansion increased because

(A) a. Canals connected the Great Lakes to the Missouri River
(B) b. the federal government offered 160 acres of free land if one could cultivate it for
five years
(C) c. the Indian opposition to white settlement had considerably decreased
(D) d. the railroads extended as far west as St. Louis
24. Under the provisions of the Adams-Onis Treaty,
(A) Britain agreed to cease impressing American sailors
(B) the Creek Indians relinquished half of their land
(C) Spain ceded all of Florida to the United States
(D) America ended its embargo on European trade

Questions 25 - 27 refer to the table below.

Vote in the U.S. House of Representatives on a Bill to Fund Internal Improvements, 1824

Region For Against

New England 12 26
Middle States 37 26
West 43 0
South 23 34
Total 115 86
Source: Jeffrey B. Morris and Richard B. Morris, editors. Encyclopedia of American History

25. Based on the voting patterns shown in the chart, support for federal funding for
internal improvements was strongest in
(A) agricultural regions
(B) undeveloped regions
(C) regions where slavery was strong
(D) regions where the Federalist party had been strong

26. Support for the bill would have been consistent with support for which of the
following?
(A) American System
(B) Cultural nationalism
(C) Specialization
(D) Factory system

27. The controversy over whether Missouri would be admitted as a free state or a slave
state illustrated
(A) a decline in regional differences
(B) rising nationalism
(C) the power of federalism
(D) growing sectionalism
Questions 2830 refer to the excerpt below.
''We hold . . . that on their separation from the Crown of Great Britain, the several
colonies became free and independent States, each enjoying the separate and independent
right of self-government; and that no authority can be exercised over them . . . but
by their consent . . . It is equally true, that the Constitution of the United States is a
compact formed between the several States . . . that the government created by it is
a joint agency of the States, appointed to execute the powers enumerated and
granted by that instrument; that all its acts not intentionally authorized are of
themselves essentially null and void, and that the States have the right . . . to pronounce, in
the last resort, authoritative judgment on the usurpations of the Federal Government . . .
Such we deem to be inherent rights of the States."
John C. Calhoun, statement adopted by a convention in South Carolina, 1832

28. Which of the following was the immediate cause of the publication of the statement in
this excerpt?
(A) The election of Andrew Jackson
(B) The decision to halt to slave importation
(C) A Supreme Court decision on states' rights
(D) An increase in the tariff passed by Congress

29. As described in the excerpt, which individual or body makes the final decision on
whether a law is valid in a state?
(A) Congress
(B) President
(C) States
(D) Supreme Court

30. Which of the following is or are most similar to the statement in the excerpt?
(A) Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions
(B) Monroe Doctrine
(C) Specie Circular
(D) Tallmadge Amendment
Questions 3133 refer to the excerpt below.
"The framers of our excellent Constitution . . . wisely judged that the less government
interferes with private pursuits the better for the general prosperity . . . "I cannot doubt
that on this as on all similar occasions the federal government will find its agency most
conducive to the security and happiness of the people when limited to the exercise of its
conceded powers . . . "The difficulties and distresses of the times, though unquestionably
great, are limited in their extent, and cannot be regarded as affecting the permanent
prosperity of the nation. Arising in a great degree from the transactions of foreign and
domestic commerce . . . The great agricultural interest has in many parts of the country
suffered comparatively little . . . "The proceeds of our great staples will soon furnish
the means of liquidating debts at home and abroad, and contribute equally to the
revival of commercial activity and the restoration of commercial credit."

31. Van Buren believed that the strength of the American economy was based on
(A) the banking system
(B) the manufacturing sector
(C) farmers and planters
(D) the Specie Circular

32. Which of the following individuals would be most critical of Van Buren's economic
policy as presented in this excerpt?
(A) Andrew Jackson
(B) Roger Taney
(C) Robert Hayne
(D) Henry Clay

33. The most important legislation passed during the Van Buren administration was the
(A) specie circular
(B) preemption bill
(C) ten-hour-workday bill
(D) subtreasury system bill
Short Answer Questions
Question 34 is based on the following excerpt.
"The Accounts . . . given . . . of the depredations committed by bankers will make you
suppose that affairs are much deranged here. . . .''The money in circulation is puzzling to
traders, and more particularly to strangers; for besides the multiplicity of banks, and the
diversity in supposed value, fluctuations are so frequent and so great that no man who
holds it in his possession can be safe for a day. . . . "Trade is stagnated, produce cheap, and
merchants find It difficult to lay in assortments of foreign manufactures . . . . Agriculture
languishesfarmers cannot find profit in hiring laborers.. . Laborers and mechanics are in
want of employment. . . .The operations of bankers and the recent decline in trade have
been effective causes of poverty."
James Flint, visitor from Scotland, Flint's Letters from America, May 4, 1820

34. Using the excerpt, answer a, b, and c.

a) Briefly explain how ONE of the following was affected by the Panic described in the
excerpt.
• nationalism
• Era of Good Feelings
• the West
b) Briefly explain how ONE of the following was popularly considered the primary cause of
the Panic described in the excerpt.
• Second Bank
• land speculation
• inflation
c) Briefly explain ONE action recommended in response to the cause of the Panic you
identified in response to the Part B of the question.
Question 35 is based on the following excerpt.
"That a country should become eminently prosperous in agriculture, without a high state of
perfection in the mechanic arts, is a thing next to impossible . . . that we should follow the
footsteps of our forefathers and still further exhaust our soil by the exclusive cultivation of
cotton? "Unless we betake ourselves to some more profitable employment than the
planting of cotton, what is to prevent our most enterprising planters from moving with
their Negro capital, to the Southwest?
"Cotton . . . has produced us such an abundant supply of all the luxuries and elegancies of
life, with so little exertion on our part, that we have become. . . unfitted for other more
laborious pursuits, and unprepared to meet the state of things which sooner or later must
come about."
William Gregg, Southern manufacturer , "Essays on Domestic Industry," 1845
35. Using the excerpt, answer a and b.
a) Briefly explain how TWO of the following contributed to the lack of manufacturing in
the South during the first half of the 19th century.
• cotton
• Great Britain
• slavery
• Southern society
b) Briefly explain ONE advantage, if any, the North had over the South in developing
manufacturing during the first half of the 19th century.