SECTOR INFORMATION

SECTOR DEFINITION AND CATEGORIES

India's ports are categorized as major and minor ports. The major ports, managed by the central
government, currently include 13 key locations like Mumbai, Chennai, and Visakhapatnam,
while minor ports are governed by state authorities. These ports handle approximately 95% of
India's trade by volume and 70% by value, highlighting the sector's central role in trade and
commerce. The sector also includes specialized terminals for LNG, containers, and petroleum,
among others, reflecting the diversity in cargo handling capabilities.

CONTRIBUTION TO GDP AND CAGR

The Indian ports sector is a significant part of the logistics and trade infrastructure, with major
ports managing over 783 million tons of cargo in FY23, growing at a CAGR of about 3.26%
from FY16-23. The sector's growth is fueled by international trade and policy initiatives like the
Sagarmala Programme, which focuses on port modernization and cost-effective logistics.
Investment in the sector is robust, with INR 10 lakh crore allocated for capacity enhancement
projects as of 2023 under public-private partnership (PPP) frameworks.

CONSUMER BUYING BEHAVIOR AND GROWTH FACTORS

The demand for port services is driven by various trade patterns, such as exports and imports
across sectors like petrochemicals, coal, and containerized goods. Initiatives like Atmanirbhar
Bharat (Self-Reliant India) and the development of inland waterways are projected to further
elevate demand, especially for bulk cargo and container traffic.
PRE- AND POST-PANDEMIC GROWTH TRENDS

Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, the ports sector experienced steady growth. However, the
pandemic caused a temporary decline, especially in coal and petroleum handling. Post-pandemic
recovery has been swift, with growth largely supported by container traffic, which saw an
increase of 8% YoY in early FY24. Strategic initiatives like the Sagarmala Programme and
Maritime Vision 2030 are set to maintain this growth trajectory, particularly for container and
specialized terminals.

TOP PLAYERS AND MARKET SHARE

The sector has seen consolidation, with large players like Adani Ports, DP World, and the state-
run Jawaharlal Nehru Port Authority (JNPT) dominating the market. Adani Ports, for instance,
leads the market with substantial capacity at major ports like Mundra and operates some of the
top-ranking global container terminals. These companies enjoy a high CAGR and revenue share
within the sector, especially Adani Ports, which has rapidly expanded through acquisitions and
efficiency improvements.

This strategic mix of government support, private investment, and enhanced infrastructure
underlines the sector's continued development as a cornerstone of India's trade logistics.

ADANI PORTS AND SPECIAL ECONOMIC ZONE LIMITED (APSEZ)

INTRODUCTION:

Adani Ports and Special Economic Zone Limited (APSEZ) is the flagship entity of the Adani
Group - one of India's largest business conglomerates. APSEZ is also India's largest private port
operator. Established in 1998, APSEZ has grown considerably to become a leading player in
logistics across the world and focuses on port-led integration, logistics, and integrated
transportation. Major ports run along India's 7,500 km long coastline by the company that is
crucial in connecting Indian trade to international markets. APSEZ has a mission of augmenting
trade connectivity and economic growth with an increase in its share of India's cargo volume,
both domestic and international trade.

IMPORTANT FACTS:

Year Established: 1998

Headquartered: Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India

Owner: Adani Group

Business: Ports, logistics, transportation.

MARKET PRESENCE:

Available in India and under development in some overseas countries

OPERATIONS AND PORT INFRASTRUCTURE:

APSEZ has the following key ports along India's coast

1. Mundra Port (Gujarat): The company's flagship port and one of the busiest in India, handling
a wide range of cargo including modern container terminals

2. Dahej and Hazira Ports (Gujarat): Specialized in the handling of bulk and liquid cargo.

3. Dhamra Port (Odisha): A gateway to Eastern India, serving the industrial belts of adjacent
states.

4. Kattupalli and Ennore Ports (Tamil Nadu): For the trade needs of Southern India

5. Vizhinjam Port (Kerala): Being built as a major transshipment hub.

With this pan-Indian port network, APSEZ connects important Indian industrial, agricultural and
commercial centers to the world.

SERVICES AND SERVICES PROVIDED:

APSEZ provides a basket of services which include:

Container Handling and Storage: APSEZ has built container handling, warehousing and storage
facilities at its ports. Cargo types may vary.

Bulk and Liquid Cargo Handling: Specialized infrastructure to handle bulk commodities like
coal, oil, chemicals, and other industrial products.

Logistics and Supply Chain Solutions: Adani Logistics shall provide full range logistics
solutions that include end to end logistics via rail and road, warehousing, and cold storage.

SEZs: APSEZ has SEZs also like Mundra SEZ, where it provides tax sops and simplified trade
procedures to catalyze the development of industry there

STRATEGIC INITIATIVES AND EXPANSION:

Investment in port infrastructure: The group continues investing in expanding capacities at all
ports and modernizing their facilities to cater to higher cargo volumes.

Green Initiatives: The company has taken various initiatives through which it is reducing its
levels of green threat, using renewable energy, saving water, and reducing carbon footprint.

International Ventures: The company has also initiated international expansions through port
development and logistics opportunities in countries like Sri Lanka and Myanmar.

We now take a look at the financial performance of Adani Ports.

APSEZ is listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) and the National Stock Exchange (NSE)
of India. It derives robust performance in financial growth owing to its location, investments in
infrastructure, and that is inline with the Indian government's infrastructural and trade objectives.
APSEZ has diversified revenue streams in cargo types, as the company is witnessing the growing
trade in India and increasing the demand for logistics.

ISSUES AND CHALLENGES:

APSEZ faces issues from:

1. Economic and Trade Fluctuations-Economic and trade conditions around the globe and
changes in domestic trade policy, as well as fluctuations in commodity prices, affect cargo
volumes.

2. Environmental and Regulatory Pressures-Tightening environmental regulations and coastal

management laws will impact operations as the company expands.

3. Competitive Market-Rising competition from other Indian ports and global logistics operators
will be an issue in pricing and competition through service differentiation.

FUTURE OUTLOOK:

The company will look at increasing its share in the Indian logistics and port services, albeit
aggressively pursuing sustainability goals. APSEZ would look at becoming a global leader in
port infrastructure by investments that include port capacity, digitalization, and eco-friendly
initiatives. The kind of global leadership the company aspires to create also motivates it to look
at opportunities outside of India's boundaries.
HR ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE OF ADANI PORTS

Adani Ports and SEZ (APSEZ) has an evolving HR structure aligned with its dynamic business
needs. The HR function supports its vast infrastructure and logistics operations by focusing on
talent management, leadership mobility, and skills alignment. Recent changes include:

1. LEADERSHIP ROLES: Jai Khurana has taken over as the head of HR for Adani Ports and
SEZ, transitioning from his previous leadership roles within the group. This move emphasizes
the group's strategy of internal leadership development.
2. TALENT MOBILITY: The group emphasizes internal mobility within its HR teams, with
senior executives often transitioning across different Adani business verticals, such as energy,
cement, and infrastructure, to leverage diverse expertise.

3. STRATEGIC FOCUS: Adani’s HR strategy includes a focus on aligning talent with business
objectives, improving retention, and driving productivity through targeted skill development.

ADANI PORTS & SPECIAL ECONOMIC ZONE (APSEZ) HR ORGANIZATIONAL

STRUCTURE

 Chairman of the Board: Gautam Adani

 Managing Director: Rajesh Adani

 CEO: Ashwani Gupta

 Executive Directors: Rajan Babu, Sandeep Mehta, and others

 Presidents: Various roles including Business Development, Operations, Logistics, and

more

 HR Department: Overseen by the Group HR Director, Malay Mahadevia

DETAILED HR STRUCTURE

 Group HR Director: Malay Mahadevia

 Responsible for overall HR strategy and policies.

 Oversees HR functions across the organization.

 HR Vice Presidents: Multiple roles

 Each VP is responsible for specific HR functions such as Talent Acquisition, Employee

Relations, Compensation & Benefits, Learning & Development, etc.

 HR Directors: Multiple roles

 Each Director manages a specific region or function within the HR department.

 Examples include HR Director for Southern Ports, HR Director for Adani Harbour
Services, etc.

 HR Managers: Multiple roles

 Each Manager oversees day-to-day HR operations within their designated area.

 Examples include HR Manager for Benefits, HR Manager for Technology, etc.

 HR Executives: Multiple roles

 Executives support HR Managers and Directors in implementing HR policies and

programs.

 Examples include HR Executive for Southern Ports, HR Executive for Adani Harbour
Services, etc.

 HR Officers: Multiple roles

 Officers handle administrative HR tasks and support the Executives and Managers.

 Examples include HR Officer for Benefits, HR Officer for Technology, etc.

 Chairman of the Board: Gautam Adani

Managing Director: Rajesh Adani

CEO: Ashwani Gupta

Executive Directors: Rajan Babu, Sandeep Mehta, and others

Presidents (Business Development, Operations, Logistics, etc.)

HR Department

Group HR Director: Malay Mahadevia

HR FUNCTION

TALENT ACQUISITION
  Attracts and recruits skilled professionals, engineers, and specialists who align with
APSEZ’s goals and culture.

 Uses a robust recruitment process to fill positions quickly and efficiently to meet
expanding operational demands.

2. TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT

 Provides continuous skill development programs tailored to both technical and soft skills.

 Focuses on leadership development for managerial positions, ensuring a pipeline of

capable leaders within the company.

3. EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT AND CULTURE BUILDING

 Implements employee engagement initiatives to create a positive work environment.

 Conducts surveys and feedback sessions to gauge employee satisfaction and address
concerns.

 Promotes APSEZ's core values and ensures they are upheld across the workforce.

4. PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT

 Conducts regular performance reviews to assess employee contributions and align them
with organizational goals.

 Provides performance-based rewards and incentives to drive productivity and morale.

5. COMPENSATION AND BENEFITS

 Manages a competitive compensation structure that aligns with industry standards.

  Administers employee benefits such as health insurance, retirement plans, and other
incentives.

6. EMPLOYEE RELATIONS AND COMPLIANCE

 Ensures adherence to labor laws, safety regulations, and organizational policies.

 Acts as a mediator for employee grievances and resolves conflicts in a fair and timely
manner.

 Fosters healthy employee-management relations and maintains a transparent

communication channel.

7. HEALTH, SAFETY, AND WELLNESS PROGRAMS

 Implements safety protocols, especially for employees working in ports and SEZ
locations where physical safety is crucial.

 Organizes wellness programs that focus on mental and physical health, especially under
high-stress or hazardous conditions.

8. CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY (CSR) PARTICIPATION

 Encourages employee involvement in CSR activities, aligning with Adani Group’s larger
mission of social responsibility.

 Drives initiatives in community development, environmental protection, and

sustainability, often with employee participation.

JOB DESCRIPTION (JD)

The Operations Manager is responsible for ensuring efficient and effective management of day-
to-day port operations, which includes logistics, warehousing, cargo handling, and customer
service.
KEY DUTIES:

 Oversee and manage daily port operations, including cargo and terminal operations.

 Ensure compliance with safety, environmental, and operational regulations.

 Monitor performance metrics (KPIs) to enhance productivity and reduce operational

costs.

 Collaborate with logistics and customer service teams to optimize workflows.

 Prepare reports on operational efficiency, incidents, and safety adherenc

JOB SPECIFICATIONS (JS)

 EDUCATION: Bachelor’s degree in logistics, supply chain management, business

administration, or a related field.

 EXPERIENCE: 5-7 years in operations or logistics management, preferably in a port or

large-scale industrial facility.

 SKILLS:

 Strong leadership, communication, and problem-solving skills

 Proficiency in logistics software and reporting tools

 KNOWLEDGE:

 Familiarity with port operations, cargo handling, and safety standards

 Understanding of regulatory requirements in the port and maritime industry

RECRUITMENT AND SELECTION PROCESS OF ADANI PORTS

1. WORKFORCE PLANNING AND JOB ANALYSIS

 Identify talent needs based on growth plans and operational requirements.

  Define key roles and required competencies (e.g., technical skills, safety knowledge).

 Conduct skill mapping and gap analysis to target recruitment effectively.

2. SOURCING STRATEGY

 Internal Recruitment: Promote internal mobility to retain and grow existing talent.

 External Recruitment:

 Utilize job portals (LinkedIn, Naukri, Indeed) for targeted outreach.

 Engage in campus recruitment at engineering and logistics schools.

 Implement an employee referral program to leverage existing networks.

 Host outreach events (job fairs, industry expos) to increase visibility.

3. SELECTION PROCESS

 Initial Screening:

 Use AI-driven applicant tracking to filter resumes.

 Conduct telephonic/video interviews to assess initial fit.

 Technical Assessment:

 Administer skill-based assessments for technical and operational roles.

 Use case studies and problem-solving exercises for hands-on evaluation.

 Behavioural Interview:

 Conduct competency-based interviews focusing on adaptability, teamwork, and

communication.

 Assess cultural fit with Adani Ports’ values and work environment.
  Panel Interview: Involve department heads and senior leaders for multi-perspective
evaluation.

 Reference Checks: Verify past employment and gather insights from former employers.

4. ONBOARDING PROCESS

 Orientation Program: Provide structured onboarding covering policies, safety, and

operations.

 Mentorship and Training: Assign mentors and conduct targeted training, especially for
safety-critical roles.

 Performance Milestones: Set clear milestones to measure early performance and

integration.

5. CONTINUOUS IMPROVEMENT AND METRICS

 Track key metrics (time-to-fill, quality of hire, retention rates) to refine the process.

 Collect feedback from candidates and managers to enhance recruitment.

 Benchmark the recruitment process against industry standards regularly.

KEY BENEFITS

 Strategic Alignment: Supports growth and operational goals.

 Improved Fit and Satisfaction: Emphasis on skills and cultural fit enhances retention.

 Efficiency: Streamlined process ensures timely staffing and minimizes hiring delays.

This approach will enable Adani Ports to attract, select, and retain talent aligned with its
operational and strategic needs.