Product Data Sheet:

HUMAN OSTEOPROTEGERIN
ELISA
ENG

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Catalogue number:

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RD194003200

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European Union:
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Rest of the world:
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For research use only!

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BioVendor – Laboratorní medicína a.s.

Karásek 1767/1, 621 00 Brno, Czech Republic
+420 549 124 185
info@biovendor.com
sales@biovendor.com
www.biovendor.com
 CONTENTS

1. INTENDED USE 3
2. STORAGE, EXPIRATION 3
3. INTRODUCTION 3
4. TEST PRINCIPLE 4
5. PRECAUTIONS 5
6. TECHNICAL HINTS 5
7. REAGENT SUPPLIED 6

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8. MATERIAL REQUIRED BUT NOT SUPPLIED 6

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9. PREPARATION OF REAGENTS 7
10. PREPARATION OF SAMPLES 10
11. ASSAY PROCEDURE
12. CALCULATIONS rs 11
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13. PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS 14
14. DEFINITION OF THE STANDARD 19
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15. PRELIMINARY POPULATION AND CLINICAL DATA 19

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16. METHOD COMPARISON 20

17. TROUBLESHOOTING AND FAQS 21
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18. REFERENCES 22
19. EXPLANATION OF SYMBOLS 25
20. ASSAY PROCEDURE - SUMMARY 26
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1. INTENDED USE
The RD194003200 Human Osteoprotegerin ELISA is a sandwich enzyme immunoassay for the
quantitative measurement of human osteoprotegerin.

Features

− European Union: for in vitro diagnostic use

− Rest of the world: for research use only!
− The total assay time is less than 3.5 hours
− The kit measures osteoprotegerin in serum and plasma (EDTA, citrate, heparin)
− Assay format is 96 wells

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− Quality Controls are human serum based
−

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Standard is recombinant protein based
− Components of the kit are provided ready to use, concentrated or lyophilized

2. STORAGE, EXPIRATION

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Store the complete kit at 2-8°C. Under these conditions, the kit is stable until the expiration date
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(see label on the box).

For stability of opened reagents see Chapter 9.

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3. INTRODUCTION
Osteoprotegerin (OPG, osteoclastogenesis inhibitory factor, OCIF) is a product of
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the TNFRSF11B gene, located on chromosome 8q24. OPG belongs to the TNF (tumor necrosis
factor receptor) superfamily, that plays a key role in bone remodeling. Human OPG is a secreted
glycoprotein composed of 401 aminoacid residues. OPG exists as a disulfide-linked homodimer
(120 kDa) or as a monomer (60 kDa). Both of these forms are active but the dimer is more
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bioactive than the monomer. In contrast to most members of the TNF receptor superfamily, OPG
probably exists only in a soluble form. Its ligands are RANKL and TRAIL. Human OPG shares
85% aminoacid identity to mouse OPG and 86 % identity to rat OPG. In adult humans OPG
mRNA is highly expressed in bones (osteblasts), endothelial vessel cells, skin, liver, stomach,
intestine, heart, brain and lung and is also present in atherosclerotic plaques.
OPG and RANKL are involved in bone resorption and bone formation. OPG and receptor RANK
compete with each other for binding to the ligand RANKL. Binding of RANKL to RANK stimulates
osteoclasts and their activity. When RANKL binds to OPG, osteoclastogenesis decreases. OPG
prevents the formation of RANKL/RANK, inhibits formation of osteoclasts and suppress bone
resorption.
At normal physiological conditions OPG and ligand RANKL are in balance and bone resorption
and bone formation are linked. This balance can be disrupted by the lack of estrogens
in menopausal women, by anti-inflammatory effect of cytokines and by changes in the level
of glucocorticoids, thyroid hormones, parathyroid hormone or calcitriol. Any modification
in the RANKL/OPG ratio can induce either excessive bone resorption or, in contrast, excessive
bone formation. This disregulation can lead to pathological conditions such as
osteoporosis/osteopenia, bone tumor associated osteolysis, or cardiovascular pathology.

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In postmenopausal osteoporosis, OPG serum level decreases and this decrease can be
an indicator of a higher risk for bones fracture. In patients with glucocorticoid induced
osteoporosis the RANKL/OPG ratio was higher. In patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease with low bone mineral density (BMD), RANKL/OPG ratio was significantly higher
compared to those with normal BMD.
Patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis had significantly lower levels of OPG in serum and lower
OPG/RANKL ratio.
The OPG/RANKL/RANK system affects the cardiovascular system as well. In patients with
ischemic heart disease the serum concentration of OPG was higher than that of healthy people.
In patients with high OPG the risk of cardiovascular mortality is three- or four-times higher than it
is in the healthy population.
Finally, the presence of malignant tumors leads to an inhibition of OPG production resulting
in high bone resorption.

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The OPG/RANKL/RANK system affects bone loss in many pathological states and participates in

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pathogenesis of vascular diseases. Determination of OPG concentration or RANKL/OPG ratio is
a clinical indicator in the diagnosis of the pathological states mentioned below.

Clinical use and areas of investigation:

Postmenopausal and glucocorticoid induced osteoporosis rs
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Reumatoid arthritis, juvenile idiopathic arthritis
Ischemic heart disease
Diseases with changed bone resorption activity
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4. TEST PRINCIPLE
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In the BioVendor Human Osteoprotegerin ELISA, standards, quality controls and samples are
incubated in microplate wells pre-coated with monoclonal anti-human OPG antibody. After
60 minutes incubation and washing, biotin labelled polyclonal anti-human OPG antibody is added
and incubated for 60 minutes with captured OPG. After another washing, streptavidin-HRP
conjugate is added. After 30 minutes incubation and the last washing step, the remaining
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conjugate is allowed to react with the substrate solution (TMB). The reaction is stopped by
addition of acidic solution and absorbance of the resulting yellow product is measured.
The absorbance is proportional to the concentration of OPG. A standard curve is constructed
by plotting absorbance values against concentrations of standards, and concentrations
of unknown samples are determined using this standard curve.

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5. PRECAUTIONS
− For professional use only
− Wear gloves and laboratory coats when handling immunodiagnostic materials
− Do not drink, eat or smoke in the areas where immunodiagnostic materials are being handled
− This kit contains components of human origin. These materials were found non-reactive for
HBsAg, HCV antibody and for HIV 1/2 antigen and antibody. However, these materials should
be handled as potentially infectious, as no test can guarantee the complete absence of
infectious agents
− This kit contains components of animal origin. These materials should be handled as
potentially infectious
− Avoid contact with the acidic Stop Solution and Substrate Solution, which contains hydrogen
peroxide and tetramethylbenzidine (TMB). Wear gloves and eye and clothing protection when
handling these reagents. Stop and/or Substrate Solutions may cause skin/eyes irritation. In

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case of contact with the Stop Solution and the Substrate Solution wash skin/eyes thoroughly
with water and seek medical attention, when necessary

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− The materials must not be pipetted by mouth

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6. TECHNICAL HINTS
− Reagents with different lot numbers should not be mixed
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− Use thoroughly clean glassware
− Use deionized (distilled) water, stored in clean containers
− Avoid any contamination among samples and reagents. For this purpose, disposable tips
should be used for each sample and reagent
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− Substrate Solution should remain colourless until added to the plate. Keep Substrate
Solution protected from light
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− Stop Solution should remain colourless until added to the plate. The colour developed in the
wells will turn from blue to yellow immediately after the addition of the Stop Solution. Wells
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that are green in colour indicate that the Stop Solution has not mixed thoroughly with the
Substrate Solution
− Dispose of consumable materials and unused contents in accordance with applicable
national regulatory requirements
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7. REAGENT SUPPLIED

Kit Components State Quantity

Antibody Coated Microtiter Strips ready to use 96 wells

Biotin Labelled Antibody ready to use 13 ml

Streptavidin-HRP Conjugate ready to use 13 ml

Master Standard lyophilized 1 vial

Quality Control HIGH lyophilized 1 vial

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Quality Control LOW lyophilized 1 vial

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Dilution Buffer ready to use 13 ml

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Wash Solution Conc. (10x) concentrated 100 ml

Substrate Solution ready to use 13 ml

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Stop Solution ready to use 13 ml
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8. MATERIAL REQUIRED BUT NOT SUPPLIED

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− Deionized (distilled) water

− Test tubes for diluting samples
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− Vortex mixer
− Glassware (graduated cylinder and bottle) for Wash Solution
− Precision pipettes to deliver 10-1000 l with disposable tips
− Multichannel pipette to deliver 100 l with disposable tips
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− Orbital microplate shaker capable of approximately 300 rpm

− Microplate washer (optional). [Manual washing is possible but not preferable.]
− Absorbent material (e.g. paper towels) for blotting the microtitrate plate after washing
− Microplate reader with 450  10 nm filter, preferably with reference wavelength 630 nm
(alternatively another one from the interval 550-650 nm)
− Software package facilitating data generation and analysis (optional)

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9. PREPARATION OF REAGENTS
All reagents need to be brought to room temperature prior to use.

Always prepare only the appropriate quantity of reagents for your test.

Do not use components after the expiration date marked on their label.

Assay reagents supplied ready to use:

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Antibody Coated Microtiter Strips
Stability and storage:

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Return the unused strips to the provided aluminium zip-sealed bag with desiccant and seal
carefully. Remaining Microtiter Strips are stable 3 months stored at 2-8°C and protected from the

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moisture.
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Dilution Buffer

Biotin Labelled Antibody

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Streptavidin-HRP Conjugate
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Substrate Solution
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Stop Solution
Stability and storage:
Opened reagents are stable 3 months when stored at 2-8°C.
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Assay reagents supplied concentrated or lyophilized:

Human Osteoprotegerin Master Standard

Refer to the Cetrificate of Analysis for current volume of Dilution Buffer needed for
reconstitution of standard!!!
Reconstitute the lyophilized Master Standard with Dilution Buffer just prior to the assay. Let it
dissolve at least 15 minutes with occasional gentle shaking (not to foam). The resulting
concentration of the OPG in the stock solution is 60 pmol/l.

Prepare set of standards using Dilution Buffer as follows:

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Volume of Standard Dilution Buffer Concentration

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Stock - 60 pmol/l

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150 l of stock 150 l 30 pmol/l

150 l of 30 pmol/l 150 l 15 pmol/l

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120 l of 15 pmol/l 180 l 6 pmol/l

150 l of 6 pmol/l 150 l 3 pmol/l

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150 l of 3 pmol/l 150 l 1.5 pmol/l

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Dilute prepared Standards (60 - 1.5 pmol/l) 3x with Dilution Buffer just prior to the assay,
e.g. 100 µl of Standard + 200 µl of Dilution Buffer for duplicates.
Stability and storage:
Standard stock solution (60 pmol/l) should be aliquoted and frozen at –20°C for 3 months. Avoid
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repeated freeze/thaw cycles.

Do not store the diluted Standard solutions.

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Quality Controls HIGH, LOW

Refer to the Certificate of Analysis for current volume of deionized water needed for
reconstitution and for current Quality Control concentration!!!
Reconstitute each Quality Control (HIGH and LOW) with deionized water just prior to the assay.
Let it dissolve at least 15 minutes with occasional gentle shaking (not to foam).
Dilute reconstituted Quality Controls 3x with Dilution Buffer, e.g. 50 µl of Quality Control + 100 µl
of Dilution Buffer when assaying samples in singlets, or preferably 100 µl of Quality Control +
200 µl of Dilution Buffer for duplicates.
Stability and storage:
The reconstituted Quality Controls must be used immediately or stored frozen at -20°C for
1 month. Avoid repeated freeze/thaw cycles.

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Do not store the diluted Quality Controls.

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Note:
Concentration of analyte in Quality Control need not be anyhow associated with normal and/or

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pathological concentrations in serum or another body fluid. Quality Control serves just for control
that the kit works in accordance with PDS and CoA and that ELISA test was carried out properly.
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Wash Solution Conc. (10x)
Dilute Wash Solution Conc. (10x) ten-fold in distilled water to prepare a 1x working solution.
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Example: 100 ml of Wash Solution Conc. (10x) + 900 ml of distilled water for use of all 96-wells.
Stability and storage:
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The diluted Wash Solution is stable 1 month when stored at 2-8°C. Opened Wash Solution Conc.
(10x) is stable 3 months when stored at 2-8°C.
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10. PREPARATION OF SAMPLES

The kit measures OPG in serum or plasma (EDTA, citrate, heparin).

Samples should be assayed immediately after collection or should be stored frozen. Mix
thoroughly thawed samples just prior to the assay and avoid repeated freeze/thaw cycles, which
may cause erroneous results. Avoid using hemolyzed or lipemic samples.

Dilute samples 3x with Dilution Buffer just prior to the assay, e.g. 50 µl of sample + 100 µl of
Dilution Buffer for singlets, or preferably 100 µl of sample + 200 µl of Dilution Buffer for duplicates.
Mix well (not to foam). Vortex is recommended.

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Stability and storage:

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Samples should be stored at -20°, or preferably at -70°C for long-term storage. Avoid repeated
freeze/ thaw cycles.

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Do not store the diluted samples.
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See Chapter 13 for stability of serum and plasma samples when stored at 2-8°C, effect
of freezing/thawing and effect of sample matrix (serum/plasma) on the concentration of OPG.

Note: It is recommended to use a precision pipette and a careful technique to perform the dilution
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in order to get precise results.

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11. ASSAY PROCEDURE

1. Pipet 100 µl of diluted Standards, Quality Controls, Dilution Buffer (=Blank) and samples,
preferably in duplicates, into the appropriate wells. See Figure 1 for example of work sheet.
2. Incubate the plate at room temperature (ca. 25°C) for 1 hour, shaking at ca. 300 rpm on
an orbital microplate shaker.
3. Wash the wells 3-times with Wash Solution (0.35 ml per well). After final wash, invert and tap
the plate strongly against paper towel.
4. Add 100 µl of Biotin Labelled Antibody into each well.
5. Incubate the plate at room temperature (ca. 25°C) for 1 hour, shaking at ca. 300 rpm on
an orbital microplate shaker.
6. Wash the wells 3-times with Wash Solution (0.35 ml per well). After final wash, invert and
tap the plate strongly against paper towel.
7. Add 100 µl of Streptavidin-HRP Conjugate into each well.

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8. Incubate the plate at room temperature (ca. 25°C) for 30 minutes, shaking at ca. 300 rpm
on an orbital microplate shaker.

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9. Wash the wells 3-times with Wash Solution (0.35 ml per well). After final wash, invert and
tap the plate strongly against paper towel.
10. Add 100 µl of Substrate Solution into each well. Avoid exposing the microtiter plate to direct

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sunlight. Covering the plate with e.g. aluminium foil is recommended.
11. Incubate the plate for 10 minutes at room temperature. The incubation time may be
extended [up to 20 minutes] if the reaction temperature is below 20°C. Do not shake the plate
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during the incubation.
12. Stop the colour development by adding 100 µl of Stop Solution.
13. Determine the absorbance of each well using a microplate reader set to 450 nm, preferably
with the reference wavelength set to 630 nm (acceptable range: 550 – 650 nm). Subtract
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readings at 630 nm (550 - 650 nm) from the readings at 450 nm. The absorbance should
be read within 5 minutes following step 12.
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Note 1: If some samples and standard/s have absorbances above the upper limit of your
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microplate reader, perform a second reading at 405 nm. A new standard curve, constructed using
the values measured at 405 nm, is used to determine OPG concentration of off-scale standards
and samples. The readings at 405 nm should not replace the readings for samples that were “in
range” at 450 nm.
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Note 2: Manual washing: Aspirate wells and pipet 0.35 ml Wash Solution into each well. Aspirate
wells and repeat twice. After final wash, invert and tap the plate strongly against paper towel.
Make certain that Wash Solution has been removed entirely.

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strip 1+2 strip 3+4 strip 5+6 strip 7+8 strip 9+10 strip 11+12

A Standard 60 QC LOW Sample 8 Sample 16 Sample 24 Sample 32

B Standard 30 Sample 1 Sample 9 Sample 17 Sample 25 Sample 33

C Standard 15 Sample 2 Sample 10 Sample 18 Sample 26 Sample 34

D Standard 6 Sample 3 Sample 11 Sample 19 Sample 27 Sample 35

E Standard 3 Sample 4 Sample 12 Sample 20 Sample 28 Sample 36

F Standard 1.5 Sample 5 Sample 13 Sample 21 Sample 29 Sample 37

G Blank Sample 6 Sample 14 Sample 22 Sample 30 Sample 38

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H QC HIGH Sample 7 Sample 15 Sample 23 Sample 31 Sample 39

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Figure 1: Example of a work sheet.

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12. CALCULATIONS
Most microplate readers perform automatic calculations of analyte concentration. The standard
curve is constructed by plotting the mean absorbance (Y) of Standards against the known
concentration (X) of Standards in logarithmic scale, using the four-parameter algorithm. Results
are reported as concentration of OPG pmol/l in samples.

Alternatively, the logit log function can be used to linearize the standard curve, i.e. logit of
the mean absorbance (Y) is plotted against log of the known concentration (X) of Standards.

Samples, Quality Controls and Standards are all diluted 3x prior to analysis, so there is no
need to take this dilution factor into account.

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Human Osteoprotegerin ELISA
Standard Curve
3.5

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3.0
Absorbance (A450 nm - A630 nm)

2.5

2.0
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1.5

1.0
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0.5

0.0
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1 10 100

Concentration of Hu OPG (pmol/l)

Figure 2: Typical Standard Curve for Human Osteoprotegerin ELISA.

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13. PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS

Typical analytical data of BioVendor Human Osteoprotegerin ELISA are presented in this
chapter.

Sensitivity
Limit of Detection (LOD), defined as concentration of analyte giving absorbance higher than mean
absorbance of blank* plus three standard deviations of the absorbance of blank:
Ablank+ 3xSDblank, is calculated from the real human OPG values in wells and is 0.03 pmol/l.
*Dilution Buffer is pipetted into blank wells.

Limit of assay

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Results exceeding OPG level of 60 pmol/l should be repeated with more diluted samples. Dilution
factor needs to be taken into consideration in calculating the OPG concentration.

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Specificity

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The antibodies used in this ELISA are specific for human OPG with no detectable crossreactivities
to human sRANKL and TRAIL at 120 pmol/l.
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Approximately 1% crossreactivity with recombinant mouse OPG, less than 0.06% with
recombinant human CD40, rec. human sTNF RI and sTNF RII has been observed.

Determination of osteoprotegerin does not interfere with hemoglobin (1.0 mg/ml), bilirubin
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(170 umol/l) and triglycerides (5.0 mmol/l).

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Sera of several mammalian species were measured in the assay. See results below.
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For details please contact us at info@biovendor.com.

Mammalian serum sample Observed crossreactivity

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Bovine no
Cat no
Dog no
Goat no
Hamster no
Horse no
Monkey yes
Mouse no
Pig no
Rabbit no
Sheep no

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Precision
Intra-assay (Within-Run) (n=8)

Sample Mean (pmol/l) SD (pmol/l) CV (%)

1 14.26 0.41 2.9
2 4.82 0.18 3.8
3 12.72 0.31 2.5
4 15.28 0.74 4.9

Inter-assay (Run-to-Run) (n=3)

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Sample Mean (pmol/l) SD (pmol/l) CV (%)

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1 4.83 0.34 7.1
2 6.18 0.55 9.0
3 12.93
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4 14.33 0.25 1.7

Spiking Recovery
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Serum samples were spiked with different amounts of OPG and assayed.
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Sample Observed (pmol/l) Expected (pmol/l) Recovery O/E (%)

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5.38 - -
8.12 6.89 117.9
1
14.73 13.92 105.8
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20.48 20.71 98.9

11.38 - -
13.57 12.89 105.3
2
20.93 19.92 105.1
28.62 26.71 107.2

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Linearity
Serum samples were serially diluted with Dilution Buffer and assayed.

Sample Dilution Observed (pmol/l) Expected (pmol/l) Recovery O/E (%)

- 12.88 - -
2x 7.11 6.44 110.4
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4x 3.51 3.22 109.0
8x 1.64 1.61 101.9
- 14.68 - -
2x 7.90 7.34 107.6
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4x 4.06 3.67 110.6
8x 1.95 1.84 106.3

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Effect of sample matrix

Citrate, heparin and EDTA plasmas were compared to respective serum samples from the same
10 individuals. Results are shown below:

Volunteer Serum Plasma (pmol/l)

(pmol/l)
No.
EDTA Citrate Heparin

1 8.47 9.52 7.97 8.37

2 5.42 4.89 4.47 4.95
3 6.81 6.88 6.61 6.23

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4 10.99 12.48 10.25 10.35

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5 8.68 9.58 7.95 9.57
6 6.11 5.66 6.46 5.72
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8
6.98
8.29 rs
7.59
8.07
6.95
6.70
7.29
7.27
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9 7.85 8.10 6.73 7.13
10 9.59 8.49 7.00 7.97
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Mean (pmol/l) 7.92 8.12 7.11 7.49

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Mean Plasma/Serum (%) - 102.6 89.8 94.5

Coefficient of determination R2 - 0.88 0.83 0.75
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Effect of Sample Matrix

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Serum
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12 EDTA Plasma
Citrate Plasma
Concentration of OPG (pmol/l)

10
Heparin Plasma

0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Volunteers

Figure 3: OPG levels measured using Human Osteoprotegerin ELISA from 10 individuals using
serum, heparin, citrate and EDTA plasma, respectively.

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Stability of samples stored at 2-8°C

Samples should be stored at –20°C. However, no decline in concentration of OPG was observed
in serum and plasma samples after 7 days when stored at 2-8°C. To avoid microbial
contamination, samples were treated with -aminocaproic acid and sodium azide, resulting in the
final concentration of 0.03% and 0.1%, respectively.

Incubation Serum Plasma (pmol/l)

Sample
Temp, Period (pmol/l)
EDTA Citrate Heparin

-20°C 9.37 9.06 7.96 9.47

1 2-8°C, 7 days 9.26 8.86 8.05 9.71

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2-8°C, 14 days 9.26 9.53 7.56 9.67

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-20°C 6.76 6.58 5.64 7.35
2 2-8°C, 7 days 6.68 6.69 5.00 7.35
2-8°C, 14 days 6.70 6.54
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-20°C 8.48 9.33 7.94 10.11
3 2-8°C, 7 days 9.66 9.34 8.18 9.52
2-8°C, 14 days 9.11 8.97 8.31 9.12
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Effect of Freezing/Thawing
No decline was observed in concentration of human OPG in serum and plasma samples
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after repeated (5x) freeze/thaw cycles. However it is recommended to avoid unnecessary

repeated freezing/thawing of the samples.
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Number of f/t Serum Plasma (pmol/l)

Sample (pmol/l)
cycles
EDTA Citrate Heparin
1x 8.28 7.26 6.69 8.06
1 3x 7.74 6.43 6.66 8.00
5x 7.06 6.11 6.36 7.14
1x 7.85 7.13 6.73 8.09
2 3x 7.85 6.27 6.66 7.41
5x 7.68 6.20 6.01 6.69
1x 9.28 7.97 6.99 8.48
3 3x 8.11 6.54 7.14 7.84
5x 7.60 6.43 6.50 7.36

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14. DEFINITION OF THE STANDARD

A recombinant chimeric protein composed of human osteoprotegerin and Fc-domain of human
IgG (OPG/Fc) is used as the Standard. Mature OPG/Fc is a disulfide-linked homodimeric protein.
Each monomer contains 380 residues from mature OPG and 243 residues from the Fc protein
and linker. As a result of glycosylation, the OPG/Fc migrates as a 77 kDa protein in SDS-PAGE
under reducing conditions.
Since the native serum OPG is a protein of 60 kDa (for monomer) differing significantly from our
standard, we used to employ the unit U/l. From the lot number RD-738 we started to use the unit
pmol/l.
1 pmol OPG / l = 1.5 U OPG / l (previously used). It is possible to recalculate previous results with
factor 1.5. For example: concentration of the sample 15 U/l measured in previous assays
corresponds to 10 pmol/l of OPG measured in this assay.

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Conversion factor for pmol/l to pg/ml:

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1 pmol/l = 120 pg/ml
(Relative molecular mass of OPG as a glycosylated dimeric molecule is 120 kDa.)

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15. PRELIMINARY POPULATION AND CLINICAL DATA

Normal range
The mean value study with serum samples from young unselected donors has been established
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with the BioVendor Human Osteoprotegerin ELISA (n=17, mean ± SEM):

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4.7 ± 0.33 pmol/l.

See reference for details:
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Naylor KE et al.: J Clin Endocrinol Metab Nov; 88(11): 5361-5 (2003)

The normal range with serum samples from unselected donors (N=70, age: 35-65 years) has
been established with the Human Osteoprotegerin ELISA in our laboratory:
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Normal range (mean ± 2SD): 4.1 ± 2.3 pmol/l.

Reference range
The data quoted in these instructions should be used for guidance only. It is recommended that
each laboratory include its own panel of control samples in the assay. Each laboratory should
establish its own normal and pathological reference ranges for human OPG levels with the assay.

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16. METHOD COMPARISON

The BioVendor Human Osteoprotegerin ELISA was compared to another commercial
immunoassay, by measuring 49 serum samples. The following correlation graph was obtained.
Linear regression analysis of the results yielded the following results.
ELISA (Competitor) = 0.77 x ELISA (BioVendor) + 1.20 r2 = 0.8

Method Comparison
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Competitor Human OPG ELISA (pmol/l)

y = 0.7719x + 1.1951

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R2 = 0.8015
15

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10

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0
0 5 10 15 20
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BioVendor Human OPG ELISA (pmol/l)

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Figure 4: Method comparison.

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17. TROUBLESHOOTING AND FAQS

Weak signal in all wells

Possible explanations:
− Omission of a reagent or a step
− Improper preparation or storage of a reagent
− Assay performed before reagents were allowed to come to room temperature
− Improper wavelength when reading absorbance

High signal and background in all wells

Possible explanations:

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− Improper or inadequate washing

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− Overdeveloping; incubation time with Substrate Solution should be decreased before addition
of Stop Solution
− Incubation temperature over 30°C

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High coefficient of variation (CV)
Possible explanation:
− Improper or inadequate washing
− Improper mixing Standards, Quality Controls or samples
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18. REFERENCES
References to OPG:

− Simonet W.S. et al.: Osteoprotegerin, a novel secreted protein involved in the regulation
of bone density. Cell 89: 309-319 (1997)
− Bucay N. et al.: Osteoprotegerin-deficient mice develop early onset osteoporosis
and artificial calcification. Genes and Development 12: 1260-1268 (1998)
− Yano K. et al: Immunological characterisation of Circulating osteoprotegerin/
osteoclastogenesis inhibitory factor: Increased serum concentrations in postmenousal
women with osteoporosis. J. of bone and mineral res. 4(14): 518-527 (1999)
− Hofbauer L.C.: Osteoprotegerin ligand and osteorotegerin: novel implications for
osteoclast biology and bone metabolism. European Journal of Endocrinology 141: 195-

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210 (1999)
− Aubin J.E. a Bonnelye E.: Osteoprotegerin and its ligand: a new paradigm for regulation

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of osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption. Medscape Women Health 5 (2000)
− Ueland T. et al: Increased serum osteoprotegerin in disorders characterised by persistent

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immune activation or glucocorticoid excess - possible role in bone homeostasis. Europ. J.
Endocrin. 145: 685-690 (2001)
− Feuerherm A.J. et al.: Elevated levels of osteoprotegerin (OPG) and hepatocyte growth
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factor (HGF) in rheumatoid arthritis. Scand. J. Rheumatol. 30: 229-234 (2001)
− Broulik P.: Postmenopauzální osteoporóza. Praktická gynekologie 2/03 (2003)
− Golledge J. et al.: Osteoprotegerin and osteopontin are expressed at high concentrations
within symptomatic carotid atherosclerosis.Stroke. 35(7):1636-41 (2004)
− Kerschan-Schindl K. et al.: Bone metabolism in patients more than five years after bone
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marrow transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant. 34(6):491-6 (2004)

− Moran C.S. et al.: Association of osteoprotegerin with human abdominal aortic aneurysm
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progression.Circulation. 14;111(23):3119-25 (2005)

− Kutílek Š., Hála T., Feřtek D.: Klinické manifestace vrozených poruch systému
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Osteoprotegerin/RANKL/RANK. Osteologický bulletin. 10(3-4):33-35 (2005)

− Secchiero P. et al.: An increased osteoprotegerin serum release characterizes the early
onset of diabetes mellitus and may contribute to endothelial cell dysfunction.Am J Pathol.
169(6):2236-44 (2006)
− Avignon A. et al.: Osteoprotegerin: a novel independent marker for silent myocardial
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ischemia in asymptomatic diabetic patients.Diabetes Care. 30(11):2934-9.(2007)

− Nellemann B. et al.: Simvastatin reduces plasma osteoprotegerin in type 2 diabetic patients
with microalbuminuria. Diabetes Care. 30(12):3122-4 (2007)
− Morse L.R. et al.: Age and motor score predict osteoprotegerin level in chronic spinal cord
injury.J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact. 8(1):50-7 (2008)
− Štěpán J.: Denosumab: léčba postmenopauzální osteoporózy a prevence zlomenin.
Remedia, Revmatologický ústav a 1. LF UK, Praha. (2010)
− Lien G. et al.: Serum levels of osteoprotegerin and receptor activator of nuclear factor – κB
ligand in children with early juvenile idiopatic arthritis: a 2 year prospective controlled study.
Pediatric rheumatology. 8:30 (2010)
− Gurban C.V., Mederle O.: The OPG/RANKL system and zinc ions are promoters of bone
remodelling by osteoblast proliferation in postmenopausal osteoporosis. Romanian
Journal of Morfology and Embryology. 52(3 Suppl):1113-1119 (2011)
− Bai P. et al.: Disturbance of the OPG/RANK/RANKL pathway and systemic inflammation
in COPD patients with emphysema and osteoporosis. Respiratory Research. 12:157
(2011)

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− Roysland R., Bonaca M.P., Omland T. et al.: Osteoprotegerin and cardiovascular mortality
in patients with non-ST elevation acute coronary syndromes. Heart. 98:786-791 (2012)
− Asanuma Y.F., Shimada Y., KouzuN. et al.: Serum osteoprotegerin concentration is
associated with carotid atherosclerotic plague in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Modern
Reumatology (2012)

References to this product:

− Stejskal D. et al.: Osteoprotegerin and bone density. Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky
Olomouc Czech Repub. Dec; 145(2): 75-76 (2001)
− Stejskal D. et al.: Osteoprotegerin, RANK, RANKL. (Review) Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ

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Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub. Dec; 145(2): 61-64 (2001)
− Naylor K.E. et al.: Serum osteoprotegerin as a determinant of bone metabolism in

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a longitudinal study of human pregnancy and lactation. J Clin Endocrinol Metab Nov;
88(11): 5361-5365 (2003)
− Kyrtsonis M.C. et al.: Serum syndecan-1, basic fibroblast growth factor and

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osteoprotegerin in myeloma patients at diagnosis and during the course of the disease.
Eur J Haematol. Apr; 72(4): 252-258 (2004)
− Dai S.-M. et al.: Interleukin (IL) 18 stimulates osteoclast formation through synovial T cells
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in rheumatoid arthritis: comparison with IL1 β and tumour necrosis factor α. Ann. Rheum.
Dis. 63: 1379-1386 (2004)
− Avbersek-Luznik I. et al.: Increased bone resorptionin HD patients: is it caused by elevated
RANKL synthesis? Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. 20: 566-570 (2005)
e

− Wierczinska-Drapalo A. et al.: Transforming growth factor beta (1) and prostaglandin E2

concentrations are associated with bone formation markers in ultracerative colitis patients.
pl

Prostaglandins and other Lipid Mediators 78: 160-168 (2005)

− Kim S.M. et al.: Serum osteoprotegerin levels are associated with inflammation and pulse
wave velocity. Clinical Endocrinology 63: 594-598 (2005)
am

− Skladal P. et al.: Investigation of osteoprotegerin interactions with ligands and antibodies

using piezoelectric biosensors. Biosensors and Bioelectronic 20, 2027-2034 (2005)
− Avignon A. et al.: Osteoprotegerin is associated with silent coronary artery disease in high-
risk but asymptomatic type 2 diabetic patients. Diabetes Care 28(9): 2176-80 (2005)
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− Maimoun L. et al.: Changes in osteoprotegerin/RANKL system, bone mineral density,

and bone biochemicals markers in patients with recent spinal cord injury. Calcif Tissue Int.
76(6): 404-11 (2005)
− Rogers A., Eastell R.: Circulating osteoprotegerin and receptor activator for nuclear factor
kappaB ligand: clinical utility in metabolic bone disease assessment. J Clin Endocrinol
Metab. 90(11): 6323-31 (2005)
− Morena M. et al.: Plasma osteoprotegerin is associated with mortality in hemodialysis
patients. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 17(1):262-70 (2006)
− García-Valdecasas-Campelo E. et al.: Serum osteoprotegerin and RANKL levels in chronic
alcoholic liver disease.Alcohol Alcohol. 41(3):261-6 (2006)
− Clancy P. et al.: Assessment of a serum assay for quantification of abdominal aortic
calcification. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol . 26(11): 2574-6 (2006)
− Gogo P.B. Jr et al.: Osteoprotegerin is not associated with angiographic coronary
calcification. J Thromb Thrombolysis 22(3): 177-83 (2006)
− Kanzaki H. et al.: Cyclical tensile force on periodontal ligament cells inhibits
osteoclastogenesis through OPG induction. J Dent Res. 85(5): 457-62 (2006)

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− Ozkaya O. et al.: Osteoprotegerin and RANKL serum levels and their relationship with
serum ghrelin in children with chronic renal failure and on dialysis. Nephron Clin Pract. 105
(4): 153-8 (2007)
− Guldiken B. et al.: Serum osteoprotegerin levels in patients with acute atherothrombotic
stroke and lacunar infarct.Thromb Res.120(4):511-6 (2007)
− Golledge J. et al.: Relationship between CT anthropometric measurements, adipokines
and abdominal aortic calcification. Atherosclerosis 197(1): 428-34 (2008)
− Shargorodsky M. et al.: Osteoprotegerin as an independent marker of subclinical
atherosclerosis in osteoporotic postmenopausal women. Atherosclerosis 204: 608-611
(2009)

For more references on this product see our web pages at www.biovendor.com.

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19. EXPLANATION OF SYMBOLS

Catalogue number

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The content is sufficient for 96 tests

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Biological risks

In vitro diagnostic medical device

CE marking of conformity

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20. ASSAY PROCEDURE - SUMMARY

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BioVendor – Laboratorní medicína a.s.

Karásek 1767/1, 621 00 Brno, Czech Republic
+420 549 124 185
info@biovendor.com
sales@biovendor.com
www.biovendor.com

Date of last revision: 03.09.2021