(Specific Gravity, Pressure,

Pressure Vs. Depth Relation, and Pascal’s Principle)

1. As a diver moves deeper in the water, the fluid pressure is ______.

A. the same B. greater C. less D. did not change

2. A hydraulic system uses fluid to ______.

A. cause acceleration C. decrease air pressure

B. multiply force D. None from the choices

3. An object is dropped into a beaker containing a liquid. The object drops to the bottom of the
beaker. Therefore, the ______.

A. Density of the object is greater than the density of the liquid.

B. Density of the object is less than the density of the liquid.

C. Mass of the object is less than the mass of the liquid.

D. Volume of the liquid displaced is more than the volume of the object.

4. Fluids exert pressure because they are made up of tiny ______.

A. particles that are buoyant C. forces that sum together

B. molecules that push upward D. moving molecules that exert forces

5. Bubbles rise in water because they are ______.

A. so tiny C. less dense than water

B. more dense than water D. fluids

For questions 5-6, use the diagram below.

6. This device is a ______. A. barometer B. hydraulic system C. buoyant force D. thermometer

7. This device uses fluid to multiply force. Which principle explains why this device works?

A. Pascal’s principle C. Archimedes’ principle

B. Bernoulli’s principle D. None from the choices

8. Frank has a paper clip. It has a mass of 9g and a volume of 3cm3. What is its density?

A. 3 g/cm3 B. 1/3 g/cm3 C. 27 g/cm3 D. 39 g/cm3

A. Box A C. Box B

B. they are the same D. cannot be determined

10. What do we know about the density of lamp oil, rubbing alcohol, and vegetable oil?

A. The density is greater than 1.0 g/ml C. The density is less than 1.0 g/ml

B. The density is equal to 1.0 g/mL D. The density can not be determined

11. In this photo, which material has the greatest density?

A. Oil B. Water C. Cork D. Syrup

12. What is the specific gravity of a substance with mass 10 kg and volume 2 m3, with respect to the
reference density 50 kg/m3?
A. 0.1 B. 0.2 C. 0.3 D. 0.4

13. What is the unit of specific gravity?

A. kg/m3 B. N/m3 C. m/s2 D. unitless

14. What is the specific gravity of 5 kg of water occupied in 10 m3?

A. 0.5 B. 1.0 C. 2.0 D. 5.0

15. In physics, pressure is defined as the _____ over a given area.

A. work B. force C. mass D. energy

16. Fluids can also include______________ and_______________.

A. solids and liquids B. solids and gases C. liquids and gases D. liquids

17. How can we increase pressure?

A. reducing the surface area C. increasing surface area

B. reducing force D. None from the choices

18. How can we decrease pressure?

A. reducing the surface area C. increasing force

B. reducing force D. None from the choices

19. Where is the pressure greatest in a liquid?

A. At the bottom C. At the top

B. In the middle D. None from the choices

20. The pressure at any given point of a non-moving fluid is called the ____________

A. Gauge Pressure C. Atmospheric Pressure

B. Differential Pressure D. Hydrostatic Pressure

21. What is the pressure of water in Pascals at a depth of 1m below the water surface?

A. 98100 Pa B. 980 Pa C. 98 Pa D. 9800 Pa

22. Three containers are used in a chemistry lab. All containers have the same bottom area and the
same height. A chemistry student fills each of the containers with the same liquid to the maximum
volume. Which of the following is true about the pressure on the bottom in each container?
A. P1 > P2 > P3 B. P1 < P2 < P3 C. P1 < P2 > P3 D. P1 = P2 = P3

23. What is the difference between the pressure on the bottom of a pool and the pressure on the
water surface?

A. ρgh B. ρg/h C. ρ/gh D. gh/ ρ

24. A perpendicular force is applied to a certain area and produces a pressure P. If the same force is
applied to a twice bigger area, the new pressure on the surface is:

A. 2P B. 4P C. P/2 D. P

25 In a hydraulic lift the small piston has an area of 2 cm2 and large piston has an area of 80 cm2.
What is the mechanical advantage of the hydraulic lift?

A. 40 B. 4 C. 2 D. 1

26. A hydraulic lift is used to lift a car. The small piston has a radius of 5 cm and the large piston has a
radius of 50 cm. If a driver applies a force of 88 N to the small piston, what is the weight of the car
the large piston can support?

A. 8.8 N B. 88 N C. 880 N D. 8800 N