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22 views

B2B project

project on Telcom industry

Uploaded by

project.worrk09
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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I.

IT Sector

Before 2014

1.Procurement Policies:

 Earlier the sector was dominated by centralized public procurement for government-related
IT infrastructure.
 There was limited emphasis on indigenous manufacturing; reliance on imports for IT
hardware and software.
 There was minimal participation of private firms in large scale government IT projects.

2.Regulations:

 Public procurement followed guidelines like the Central Vigilance Commission (CVC) and
General Financial Rules (GFRs), but compliance varied.
 Procurement was fragmented across departments with low inter-departmental coordination.

3.Transparency & Efficiency:

 Manual tendering and procurement methods led to delays and inefficiencies.


 E-governance initiatives were few and in their infancy (such as National e-Governance Plan).

4.Innovation and MSME Inclusion:

 Minimal support to local MSMEs in the IT sector


 Emphasis on a very few large international sponsors, with domestic innovation not found in
priority.

After 2014 (Post 'Make in India')

1.Procurement Policies

 Shifting the focus towards domestically produced manufacturing through 'Digital India' and
'Make in India.'
 Public procurement policies specified preferential purchase of IT products that were
manufactured indigenously (Public Procurement Order, 2017)
 Increasing private participation through Public Private Partnerships

2.Regulations

 Reforming under the banner of 'Digital India' where there was increased focus on
centralization and automation of the procurement process.
 Implementation of e-tendering through portals like GeM

3.Transparency & Efficiency

 Greater emphasis on digital procurement and use of IT enabled tools for monitoring projects.
 Implementation of Integrity Pacts ensured anti-corruption measures in IT procurement.

4. Innovation and MSME Inclusion:

 Greater procurement opportunities for MSMEs with a policy twist towards domestic start-
ups
 Increased support to R&D for indigenous IT solutions.
II. Telecommunication Sector

Pre-2014

1.Procurement Policies:

 Telecom hardware and software were largely imported, with domestic manufacturing being
minimal.
 Government purchase was largely concentrated in the larger public sector units, namely
BSNL and MTNL.

2.Regulations:

 Unintegrated policy; no comprehensive policy for telecom procurement.


 Telecom public procurement often resulted in cartelization and reduced vendor base.

3.Transparency & Efficiency:

 Manual procedures led to inefficiencies and delayed delivery of infrastructure.


 Projects such as NOFN did not have strict deadlines and monitoring.

4.Domestic Manufacturing and R&D:

 Very minimal emphasis on domestic telecommunication infrastructure building.


 Foreign vendors for high technology equipment and apparatus.

After 2014 (Post 'Make in India')

1.Procurement Policies:

 Strong incentive for local manufacturing through 'Make in India'—procurement in the


telecommunication sector preferred local manufacturers
 Reforms in the policy framework of spectrum allocation to allow proper competition
between private players.

2.Regulation Policies

 Telecom Equipment and Services Export Promotion Council, like policies that encouraged the
building of telecom infrastructure domestically.
 Preference for local products in tenders for projects like BharatNet.

3. Transparency & Efficiency:

 IT-enabled monitoring of telecom projects has increased efficiency, such as Gati Shakti.
 Greater accountability in public telecom procurement that reduces delays and fraud.

4. Indigenous Manufacturing and R&D:

 High investments in domestic R&D for 5G and other next-gen telecommunication


technologies.
 Policies encouraged private telecom firms to partner with indigenous manufacturers for
equipment.

III. Energy Sector

Pre-2014
1. Concentration and Dependence:

 High dependence on fossil fuels such as coal and petroleum for power generation.
 Less policy focus on renewable energy development.

2. Procurement Practices:

 Tariff-based competitive bidding for large-scale power projects was not fully streamlined.
 Public procurement was largely biased towards large firms, thereby disadvantage the smaller
domestic producers.

3. Private Sector Participation:

 Private sector participation was very low, mainly restricted to a few joint ventures in power
generation.
 Incentives for renewable energy generation were limited, and capacity utilization was low.

4. Indigenous Development:

 Low domestic manufacturing or technology development in the renewable energy segments,


including solar and wind power.
 Energy equipment imported from outside the country.

After 2014 (Post 'Make in India' and Related Reforms)

1.Policy Shifts:

 Focus is primarily on renewable energy with "Make in India," targeting 500 GW of non-fossil
fuel capacity by 2030.
 DCR mandatorily included in the main schemes for renewable energy, ensuring local
manufacturer support.

2.Procurement Practices:

 Streamlined tariff-based competitive bidding processes for solar, wind, and hybrid energy
projects.
 Public procurement preferences for domestically produced solar PV cells and modules under
schemes like PM-KUSUM and Rooftop Solar Phase-II

3. Private Sector Involvement:

 100% FDI allowed for renewable energy generation and distribution projects, thereby
increasing private investments.
 Production-Linked Incentive (PLI) schemes incentivized private companies to set up high-
efficiency solar PV module manufacturing units

4. Indigenous Development and Technology:

 Domestic innovation finance was given by schemes like the Renewable Energy Research and
Technology Development Programme (RE-RTD).
 The capacities of solar and wind energies soared with the increase in the solar capacities
from 2.5 GW in 2014 to 85.47 GW in 2024

5.Sustainability and Innovation:


 Proper integration of the grid with renewable energy was also given by the government's
programme like Green Energy Corridors
 The load management will be better, with further reliability in renewable energies because
of the introduction of the energy storage systems

References

 Central Vigilance Commission. (n.d.). Public procurement manuals. Retrieved from


https://www.cvc.gov.in/procurementmanuals.html
 Central Vigilance Commission. (n.d.). Guidelines for public procurement and integrity pacts.
Retrieved from https://www.cvc.gov.in/guidelines.html
 Central Vigilance Commission. (2022). Procurement Manual. Retrieved from
https://cvc.gov.in/files/procurement-manuals-pdf/PPM%2000007.pdf

 Department of Telecommunications. (n.d.). Public procurement preference to Make


in India. Government of India. Retrieved from https://dot.gov.in
 Department of Expenditure. (n.d.). Procurement principles and practices: Goods
manual. Government of India. Retrieved from https://doe.gov.in
 Invest India. (2024). Telecom sector overview and growth. Government of India.
Retrieved from https://www.investindia.gov.in
 Ministry of Commerce and Industry. (2017). GeM: Government e-Marketplace policy
details. Government of India. Retrieved from https://gem.gov.in
 Press Information Bureau. (2024). Government e-Marketplace and its impact on
procurement. Government of India. Retrieved from https://pib.gov.in
 Ministry of New and Renewable Energy. (n.d.). Guidelines for tariff-based
competitive bidding processes. Retrieved from https://mnre.gov.in
 Press Information Bureau. (2022). Preference to 'Make in India' in public
procurement in renewable energy sector. Retrieved from https://pib.gov.in
 Invest India. (2024). Renewable energy sector overview. Retrieved from
https://investindia.gov.in
 Ministry of Power. (2022). Bidding guidelines for power procurement. Retrieved
from https://powermin.gov.in

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