14.

39 MQt gi6 dd'chiu tdc dung t6i trong F = 10000 N tluoc gil/ char "n,I,=;4 Sri=_
nh6m 3 bul6ng nhu hinh L4.23. Sr? dung mdi gh6p bulOng c
h6. Tinh dr-tdng kinh dl vi chon loai buldng ndu v{t liQu trong d6: r.1 =r2 = r, =
th6pMechanical
CT3. Chon Joints
buldng trong trtrdng hop sr? dung m6'i gh6p
khdng c6 khe h6. 2900000
FMr =
120 2JO 3.40 3
Flnlr= Fuz=Flr: =.
5) TYOn sd dd luc thi tai t
I 2
I F3 F3 + Fnls - 2l

\60'/ 3333,32 - 139

\r--Y
& = 16921,6 N
F:1 0000N
Ndu sfr dung moi g
1,5 vd hQ s6'ma sd.

., _ kF,=-1,5.1692
Hinh 14.23
f o,2o

Given: safety factor of assembly k= 1.5, friction coefficient f= 0.20 (based on material of
the two plates), allowable tensile stress of bolt material [𝜎! ]= 70 MPa, allowable shearing
stress of bolt material [𝜏]= 80 MPa.
1/ Determine the total force acting on each bolt.
2/ In case of clearance assembly, calculate the minor diameter d1 of the bolt thread
and select the corresponding standardized thread using provided tables.
3/ In case of fit assembly, calculate the shank diameter d0 (≡ nominal diameter d) of
the bolt thread and select the corresponding standardized thread using provided
tables.

Hints
1/ Moving force F to the centroid G of triangle 1-2-3, we have the equivalent system of
two components of concentrated force FG at G and bending moment M= F*(230+
120/2)=
# # # # "&&&&
𝐹" ! = 𝐹$ ! = 𝐹% ! = %! = % ≈ 3333.33 𝑁
𝑀
𝐹"' ∗ 𝑟 + 𝐹$' ∗ 𝑟 + 𝐹%'∗) = 𝑀 ⇒ 𝐹"' = 𝐹$' = 𝐹%' = =
3∗𝑟
2 √3
𝑟 = 1120 ∗ 5 = 40√3 𝑚𝑚
3 2
2/The total force obtained by taking the sum of two vectors at each bolt:

- At bolt 3:
# #
𝐹% = 8(𝐹% ! )$ + (𝐹' )$ + 2𝐹% ! 𝐹' 𝑐𝑜𝑠120& = 16921.66 𝑁
- At bolt 2: 𝐹$ = 14345.28 𝑁
- At bolt 1: 𝐹" = 11190.69 𝑁

We take the maximum force F3 for calculating the next steps.

3/ In case of clearance assembly

- Determining the required tightening force V
𝑘𝐹% 1.5 ∗ 16921.66
𝑉= = =
𝑖𝑓 1 ∗ 0.20
Mechanical Joints

- Deducing the minimum minor diameter of thread for bolt: d1

- Selecting proper thread in standard table.

4/ In case of fit assembly

- Calculating the minimum diameter of bolt shank d0 to avoid shearing (cutting)
442
- Selecting proper thread in standard table. an rAp cru nir ntnv PHU LUC

Php lye 14.1 Dudng kinh ud bttdc ren h0 mdt theo TCVN 7292: 2003 P
Oudng kfnh Budc ren Dtldng BUdc ren
Review:
d, mm kinh d, mm
C0ng
Budc ldn Brtdc nh6 Bddc ldn Budc nh6 sui't P
Consider
1; 1,1'; 1,2 the 0,2sfollowing triangle 0,2 ABC with BC= a, CA=2,5
18':20;22- b, AB=c 2; 1,5; 1; 0,75; 0,5 kw Da

1,4- 0,3 0,2 24 3 2; 1,5; 1; 0,75

bs
1,6; 1,8' 0,35 0,2 25" 2; 1,5;(1)
71
2 0,4 0,25 (26)" 1,5
)2' 0,45 0,25 27" ; 2; 1,5; 1',0,75
1

1
1 71

2,S'. 0,45 0,35 (28).. 2; 1,5; I

3 0.5 0,35 30 3,5 (3); 2; 1,5; 1; 075 0
c (r (0,6) 0,35 (32)." 2; 1,5 1

4 0,7 0,5 3,5 (3); 2; t,5; 1; 0,75 5

'1

4,5" (0,75) 0,5 35t' 1,5 7 5 11

5 0,8 0,5 36 4 3; 2; 1,5; 1 i1 1

We have:
(s,5)'" 0,5 (38)"' 1,5 1

6: 7-- 1 0,75; 0,5 39" 4 3; 2; 1,5; 1 1

I 1,2s 1; 0,75; 0,5 40"' (3);(2); 1,5

1
9'" (1,25) '1
; 0,75; 0,5 42:45' 4,5 (4); 3; 2; 1,5; 1
10 1,5 1,25; 1; 0,75; 0,5 48 5 (4); 3: 2; 1,5; 1
15 2
'I 1-- (1,5) 1; 0,75; 0,5 50-" (3);(2); 1,5 ((
12 1,75 1,5; 1,25: 1; 0,75; 0,5 52- 5 (4); 3; 2; 1,5; 1 75
5" (4); (3); 2; 1,5
Appendix 1
14-
15.*
2 1,5; 1,25; 1; 0,75; 0,5
i,s;(1) 56 5,5 4; 3; 2; 1,5; 1
on

11
2

TCVN .16 for ISO Metric Thread

2 1,5; 1; 0,75; 0,5 58-' (a); (3); 2; 1,5
-Nominal
17"" diameter, Mean1,s;(1) diameter d2 , Minor
60" diameter
(5,5) d1, Pitch
4;3;2,p 1,5; 1
COng
Phrp lqtc 14.2 Kich thudc chi ydu cfi.a ren hA mbt
su61
Dddng kinh, mm BUdc p, DUdng kinh, mm BUdc p,
P, kw
d dz dr mm d dz dr mm
1 0,838 0,730 i ,r, 12 10,863 10,106 1,75
1

1,1 0,938 O,B38 0,25 14 12,701 1 1,835 2,0

1,2 1,038 0,930 0,25 16 14,701 13,835 2,0 0 75
1,4 1,205 1,075 0,30 18 16,376 15,294 2,5 1,1
1,6 1,373 1,221 0,3s 20 18,376 17,294 2,5 1

1,8 1,573 1,421 0,35 22 20,376 19,294 2,5 ,)

2 1,740 1,567 0,40 24 22,051 20,752 3,0
2,2 't,908 1,713 0,45 2V 2s,051 23,752 3,0
2,5 2,208 2,013 0,45 30 27,727 26,211 3,5
3 2,675 2,459 0,50 JJ 30,727 29,211 3,5 7

3,5 3,1 'lO 2,850 0,60 36 33,402 31,670 4,O 11,0

+ 3,546 3,242 0,70 39 36,402 34,670 4,0 15

4,5 4,013 3,688 0,75 42 39,077 37,129 4,5 1

22
5 4,480 4,134 0,80 45 42,077 40,129 4,5
30
6 5,350 4,918 1,0 48 44,752 42,587 5,0
J/
7 6,350 s,918 1,0 52 48,752 46,587 5,0
7,1 88 6,647 1.25 56 52,428 50,046 5,5
55
I B,1BB 7,647 1,25 60 56,428 54,046 5,5
10 9,026 8,376 '1,s 64 60,1 03 57,505 6,0
90
tl 10,026 9,376 1,5 6B 64,1 03 61,505 6,0
110
Mechanical Joints

Appendix 2

Thread Nominal Diameter 𝑑 Minor Diameter 𝑑" Pitch Diameter 𝑑# Pitch 𝑝

Size (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm)
M1 1.0 0.730 0.838 0.25
M1.1 1.1 0.838 0.938 0.25
M1.2 1.2 0.930 1.038 0.30
M1.4 1.4 1.075 1.205 0.35
M1.6 1.6 1.221 1.373 0.35
M1.8 1.8 1.421 1.573 0.40
M2 2.0 1.567 1.740 0.45
M2.2 2.2 1.713 1.908 0.45
M2.5 2.5 2.013 2.208 0.50
M3 3.0 2.459 2.675 0.60
M3.5 3.5 2.850 3.110 0.70
M4 4.0 3.242 3.546 0.75
M4.5 4.5 3.688 4.013 0.80
M5 5.0 4.134 4.480 1.00
M6 6.0 4.918 5.350 1.00
M7 7.0 5.918 6.350 1.25
M8 8.0 6.647 7.188 1.25
M10 10.0 8.376 9.026 1.50
M12 12.0 10.106 10.863 1.75
M14 14.0 11.835 12.701 2.00
M16 16.0 13.835 14.701 2.00
M18 18.0 15.294 16.376 2.50
M20 20.0 17.294 18.376 2.50
M22 22.0 19.294 20.376 2.50
M24 24.0 20.752 22.051 3.00
M27 27.0 22.752 24.051 3.00
M30 30.0 24.670 26.211 3.50
M33 33.0 27.211 29.211 3.50
M36 36.0 29.670 31.670 4.00
M39 39.0 32.670 34.670 4.00
M42 42.0 35.129 37.129 4.50
M45 45.0 38.129 40.129 4.50
M48 48.0 40.587 42.587 5.00
M52 52.0 44.587 46.587 5.00
M56 56.0 48.046 50.046 5.50
M60 60.0 52.046 54.046 5.50
M62 62.0 54.505 57.505 6.00
 315

a) Luc tdc dung l6n m6i bulOng

b) Dddng kinhJoints
Mechanical bul6ng trong trtldng hop bul6ng ldp c6 khe hd.
c) Dtfdng kinh bulOng trong tnldng hqp bulOng l{p kh6ng khe h6.

,a \
\ ./.

Hinh 14.17
Given: the transmitted power P= 40 kW; number of revolutions of this system is n= 100
Bii
rpm.gi6i:
1/X6c
1) Calculate the torque
dinh m6men xodn T.
md ndi truc dla cdn truydn:
(lhr Lqft" 2/ Given: d= 240 mm; the friction coefficient of material of the 2 disc f= 0.2; allowable
':'-ri,:ry T 9,58.10u.1= g,ss.rou. 40 = 3.82.106 Nmm
u tensile stress of bolt
=
n material 100[𝜎! ]= 90 MPa,
allowable shear stress of bolt material [𝜏]= 50 MPa; the safety factor of this assembly
2) Lqrc vbng Fi t6c dung l6n m6i bul6ng;
0, mm
k=1.4 . Determine:
a-
F, =
1 -2'3'82'7oc
a/ the force F acting on each bolt.
' Dnzdiameter
b/ the minor = b3gb N
236.6 d1 in case of assembly with clearance. Select proper bolt
c/ the minor diameter d1 in case of assembly without gap (fit joint). Select proper bolt
I,rc F6 chinh le tei trong t6c dung l6n b6 mdt gh6p cuia bul6ng.
/:
Solution
3) DLtdng kinh d1 bul6ng (truong hop buldng c6 khe h& tinh theo d6
1/ bdn
Torque:
k6o):
𝑃 40
1,3.4E𝑇 _= 9.55 ∗ 10* ∗
1,3.4.5395 = 9.55 ∗ 10* ∗ = 3820000 𝑁𝑚𝑚
dt= - =𝑛 22,7 mm 10
3,14.0,2.86,9
"f["0]
2/ The force F acting on each bolt is determined as:
trons d5: [o.] = +[=] ry
=
3
= 86,8 NlPa
2𝑇 2 ∗ 3820000
𝐹 = = ≈ 5395.56 𝑁
6 bu}frq 𝑑 trtr
Ttreo tiOu chudn ta chon M2? (clay ∗ 𝑧ti6n 2)240 ∗ 6 d, = 28,7b2 mm.
urtongtfng
Ho[c theo d6y uu ti6n 1 ta chon M30.
i ring d
3/Drrdng
4) Case of clearance
kinh assembly (with gap):
do than buldng tinh theo d6 bdn cXt ndu sir dung mdi
bu16ng &,
hong tr
.4
gh6p bulOng kh6ng c6 khe h&:
cho p@
The required tightening force V is:

+#
𝑉= ,-
= 37138.89 𝑁
The equivalent stress caused by this clamping force V is:
𝑉 1.3 ∗ 4 ∗ 𝑉
𝜎./ = 1.3 ∗ 𝜎! = 1.3 ∗ $ = ≤ [𝜎! ]
𝜋𝑑" 𝑑" $ T
4
The minor diameter is deduced as:
".%∗1∗2
𝑑" ≥ 8 3[5$ ]
≈ 26.135 𝑚𝑚
So, M33, with d1= 27.211 mm, is selected

4/ Case of fit assembly (without gap):

Mechanical Joints

The shear stress (tangential stress) is determined as:

𝐹
𝜏= ≤ [𝜏]
𝜋𝑑&$
4
1#
Thus, the diameter of bolt shank is deduced: 𝑑& ≥ 83[7] ≈ 11.623 𝑚𝑚

M14, with d1= 11.835 mm, is selected.

Exercise 1 (related to WELDING)

Given: External tensile force F= 5000N; height of triangular weld section a= 10 mmm;
weld length l= 50mm; allowable shear stress [𝜏]= 100 MPa
1/Calculate the tangential stress in welds. These welds work well or not?

Given: [𝜏] = 100 𝑁/𝑚𝑚$

2/ Determine the maximum permissible tensile force Fmax.
Mechanical Joints

Consider the following welding structure:

Two fillet welds 𝐴𝐵 and 𝐶𝐷, with a length of 30 mm and a thickness of 10 mm, are
subjected to a load 𝐹 = 1,000 daN, transverse and offset, causing shear and torsion.
Calculate the maximum stress exerted on the welds.
Hints:
The cords are subjected to a combined action of shear stress (stress 𝜏" , resulting from the
shear force 𝑇 = 𝐹 = 1,000 daN) and torsion stress around point 𝑂 (generating additional
shear stresses 𝜏$ ). The stress 𝜏" is assumed to be uniform at every point on the two cords and
is equal to:
𝐹 1,000
𝜏" = = = 1.66 daN/mm$
𝑎. 𝑙 10(30 + 30)
The torsion stress 𝜏$ depends on the distance (𝑉) between the point considered and the center
of torsion 𝑂. This value is maximum at 𝐴 or 𝐶.
𝑀! 𝑀! 95,000 × 25
𝜏$ max = 𝜏$ (𝐴) = = = = 8.33 daN/mm$
𝐼& /𝑉 (𝐼9 . 𝑎)/𝑂𝐴 28,500 × 10
Where:
𝑀! = 1,000 × (80 + 15) = 95,000 daN.mm

𝑉 = 𝑂𝐴 = ]15$ + 20$ = 25 mm
From the table on page 239 (3rd row), we obtain:
𝑏(3𝑑 $ + 𝑏 $ ) 30(3 × 40$ + 30$ )
𝐼9& = = = 28,500 mm%
6 6
The total shear stress at 𝐴 (𝜏: = 9.7 daN/mm$ = 97 𝑁/𝑚𝑚$ ) is obtained by the vector
addition of the two preceding stress vectors (𝜏" , parallel to 𝐹 directed downward, and 𝜏$ (𝐴),
perpendicular to 𝐴 to 𝑂𝐴) (see Fig. 29).
Mechanical Joints
21. Soudage

so ud u res to rsion f lexion

El*
<__
Z

BIN

bl*
<-
Z
. ___\
o

b2
E 2(b+$
d2
Y6=
2(b+4

b L2
7^-
'b -!-
2b+d

'b
t2
'" 2d+b

l)
t

-o
<
z
d2
Ya=
b+2d

<- -'B
z

<
Z

239
 1. Principau cas
Mechanical Joints correcteur
Kf estun coefficient tenant compte des concentrations de contraintes. Il doit Otre
appliqu6 dans les cas de fatigue ou de charges altern6es.

f
FF
o S a.L

FF
S A.L
E

0,707.h.1

h L= AB+ CD

A
Kr=2'7
r=o=xo=oo
E
E
r= 'h.L
E
(l = AB+ CD\
'

Mohr
0u 1.12 F
.nax - h.L
approximalion usuelle
F Kr=1,5 6
.
'. maxr
_u141_
- -
h.L
F
0]07.h.L

t,4 t

GIifr n

I
o lvlf
X=O=
h-0/07 h

(axe z)
plan neutre x BEM
27. Principaux cas de charge et formules correspondantes (Iuo et Iu, dont indiqu6es tableau page 239)

238
Mechanical Joints

Consider 4 angle welds in the cantilevered beam as shown in the following figure:

The applied concentrated force F= 10000 N causes shearing and bending in the welds.
a/ Under shearing, calculate the shear stress (tangential stress 𝜏).
b/ Under flexion, determine the normal stress 𝜎.
c/ Deduce the total stress 𝜎!
Hints
a/ Shearing force Q applied to the welds Q = F. The tangential stress is dermined as:
𝑄 10000
𝜏= = ≈ 8.33 𝑀𝑃𝑎
𝑎 ∗ 𝑙 ∗ 4 10 ∗ 30 ∗ 4
b/ Normal stress caused by bending moment Mb is determined as:
𝑀< 10,000 ∗ 100
𝜎: = 𝜎; = = ≈ 83.33 𝑀𝑃𝑎
𝐼9% ∗ 𝑎 18000 ∗ 10
𝑉 15
Where
V= distance from point A (or point P) to the neutral axis Z= 15 mm
𝑑 $ (3𝑏 + 𝑑)
𝐼9% = = 18,000 𝑚𝑚%
6
c/ With the angle between 2 vectors of normal stress and tantential stress being 900, we
have:

𝜎! = ]𝜎 $ + 𝜏 $ = ]83.33$ + 8.33$ ≈ 83.7 𝑀𝑃𝑎

Check results, yourself please!

Mechanical Joints
Mechanical Joints
Mechanical Joints
Mechanical Joints

Que
stio
0,25
ns 4
a)

a) Analyze and determine the force acting on each bolt.

The center of gravity of the bolt group is the intersection 0 of two
centerline.
Moving force F to center of gravity 0, we have force F passing through
center I and moment M:

M = (Fcos450.200 + Fsin450.(200-60) ).10-3 0,25

 6000.( 2 / 2) .340 .10-3=1442.498 Nm

Due to the acting of force F, bolts 1-6 the same force FFi :
F
FFi   1000 N.
6 0,25
- Since the distances from the centers of bolts 1, 3, 4, 6 to the center
of gravity 0 are equal, the force caused by the moment M at the bolts
has the same value..
Mr1 Mr1 0,25
FM1  FM3  FM4  FM6  
 ri2 2r22  4r12
1442.498 60 2 )
  3400N
2.602  4.602.2

Mr2 Mr2
FM2  FM5  
 ri2 2r22  4r12
1442.498 60)
  2404.1N
2.602  4.602.2 0,25

where: r1  r3  r4  r4  60 2mm; r2  r5  60mm

From the force diagram, the load acting on bolt 3 is the largest:
F3  FF3  FM3  4400M 0,25

b) Determine the tightening force (the required screwing up force) V.

0,5
If a bolted joint with a clearance with a factor of safety k = 1.5 and a
Mechanical Joints

coefficient of friction f = 0.18 is used, then:

kF3 1.5 4400
V    36666.67 N. .
f 0.18
c) Determine the diameter d1 and choose the bolt.

The diameter d1 of the bolt is determined:

4 1.3V 4 1.3 36666.67
d1  
 k   100 0,5
= 24.635mm
Select bolt M30 có d1 = 26.211 mm.
.

Total for question 4 2,5