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    Lab Chapter 3 Mod 4

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    Lab Chapter 3 Mod 4

    Uploaded by

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    Lab Chapter 3 Mod 4

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    Lab Chapter 3: Commonly used Commands in Linux

    Module 4: Archiving, Compression, Pipes and Redirection


    ~~*~~*~~
    Archiving (tar)

    – An archive file is a collection of files and directories stored in one file.

    – The archive file is not compressed — it uses the same amount of disk

    space as all the individual files and directories combined.

    – Be polite and add “.tar” extension

    >> Create tar Archive File


     The below example (1) command will create a tar archive file
    MyfirstBackup.tar for a directory /root/Desktop in current working directory.
    [root@server1 Desktop]#tar -cvf MyFirstBackup.tar /root/Desktop
    1. c – Creates a new .tar archive file.
    2. v – Verbosely show the .tar file progress.
    3. f – File name type of the archive file.
     The below example (2) command will create a tar archive file MyData.tar
    on Desktop of root to collect all files and directories from /mnt and /home.
    [root@server1 Desktop]#tar -cvf MyData.tar /{mnt,home}

    >> View tar file contents

    េលក្រគ� គឹម េនា | RUPP


    1 |ទំព័រ
    tar -tf ArchivingBackup.tar
    -t : list content of an archive
    -f : use archive file

    >> Untar tar Archive File


    To untar or extract a tar file, just issue following command using
    option x (extract). For example the below command will untar the file
    test.tar in present working directory.
    tar -xvf test.tar

    >> To add Files or Directories to tar Archive File


    To add files or directories to existing tar archived file we use the option r (append). For
    example we add file xyz.txt and directory Back1 to existing ArchivingBackup.tar
    tar -rvf ArchivingBackup.tar xyz.txt Backup1
    Compression (zip, gzip and bzip2)

    េលក្រគ� គឹម េនា | RUPP


    2 |ទំព័រ
    Compression makes a file smaller. It can be applied to individual files, groups of files or
    entire directory trees.
    I. ZIP
    o Zip is a simple, cross-platform file packaging and compression
    utility for Unix-like systems including Linux and Windows OS;
    plus many other operating systems.
    o Will automatically add extension “.zip” to file
    >> To Create ZIP
    zip ZipName file1 or dir1 or tar file

    >> To view the contents of a zip file without extracting it, use the
    following zip command:
    zip -sf MyZIP.zip

    >> UnZIP
    unzip ZipName.zip # extract all

    II. GZIP
    o Gzib: Standard linux compression algorithm
    េលក្រគ� គឹម េនា | RUPP
    3 |ទំព័រ
    o In general, GZIP is much better compared to ZIP, in terms of
    compression, especially when compressing a huge number of
    files.
    o Will automatically add extension “.gz” to file
    >> Create tar.gz Archive File
    To create a compressed gzip archive file we use the command.
    gzip ArchivingName.tar

    >> If you would like to recursively compress an entire directory, you


    can pass the -r flag like this:
    gzip -r directory1
    This will move down through a directory and compress each file individually.

    >> View Contents of Compressed .tar.gz


    tar -tvf backup.tar.gz

    េលក្រគ� គឹម េនា | RUPP


    4 |ទំព័រ
    >> To decompress a file
    gunzip tar.gz Archive File

    III. BZIP2
    o The bzip2 tools can create significantly more compact files than gzip, but take much
    longer to achieve those results due to a more complex algorithm.
    o Better linux compress algorithm
    o Automatically add extension “.bz2” to file

    >> Create tar.bzip2 Archive File


    bzip2 ArchivinName.tar

    >> How to View Contents of Compressed .tar.bz2


    tar -jtvf file.tar.bz2

    េលក្រគ� គឹម េនា | RUPP


    5 |ទំព័រ
    >> To decompress a bzip2 compressed file
    bunzip2 tar.bzip2 Archive File or bzip2 -d tar.bzip2 Archive File

    េលក្រគ� គឹម េនា | RUPP


    6 |ទំព័រ

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