Pardeshi Pallavi et al, AYUSH: International Research Journal of Ayurveda Teachers Association

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Open Access Full Text Article Review Article

Title of Article:
Role of Truptighna Mahakashay Dravyas in relation to Aamashayagat
Rasadhatu Dushtijanya Vyadhi
Pardeshi Pallavi 1 Chavan Sheetal 2 Dr. Parag S. Patil 3
1
Asst. Prof. Bhimashankar Ayurved College, Pune. 2Asst. Prof., 3Asso. Prof., ASS Ayurved College, Nashik.

Article Info: ABSTRACT

Article History: Acharya Charak has classified various dravyas into different groups
Received: 1 january 2023 according to their actions on specific diseases and has also given names
Accepted: 6 march 2023 to the groups according to their action on the human body. A total of
Published: 1 april 2023 50 ganas or Mahakashayas are mentioned in the classic text Charak
Samhita. TruptighnaMahakashay is one of them. Acharya Charak aims
Address for Correspondence: to give ready references to medicinal drugs for curing different
Chavan Sheetal disorders. Trupti means Satisfaction. It is one of the KaphaDoshaj
Asst. Prof. ASS Ayurved College, symptoms. An excessive increase of KaphaDosha gives rise to
Nashik
KaphaDoshadushtijanyaVyadhi. KaphaDosha is similar to Rasa Dhatu.
Email- dr.sheetalyadav59@gmail.com
Vitiation of KaphaDosha precedes vitiation of Rasa Dhatu, which
ISSN No.: 2582-5971 leads to different Rasa Dhatu dushtijanyaVyadhi. Amashay is one of the
Sthana of KaphaDosha, especially KledakKapha. Due to
KledakKaphaDoshadushti,Jatharagni gets disturbed, leading to
different digestive disorders related to Rasa Dhatu like Ashraddha,
Aruchi, Agnimandya, Aasyavairasya, Ajirna, Aadhman, Chhardi,
Hralhas, and Amlapitta. In this review article, we will compile and
correlate the probable action of TruptighnaMahakashaydravyas and
their role in RasapradoshajanyaAamashayagatVyadhi.
Keywords: Rasavahasrotas, Truptighna, Mahakashay, Agnimandya.

INTRODUCTION three Upasthambhas of the Sharira. To have a healthy

body, the Upastambhas maintain equilibrium. But due to
In today’s era, people have busy lifestyles that disturb the fast-changing lifestyle, irregular food habits, and
their food habits and mental conditions. Especially in mental disturbances, the three Doshas, Sapta Dhatu, and
urban society, the lifestyle has become very fast and too Mala of the body become disturbed and create problems
stressful, and most people have adopted the bad habits of like Agnimandya, and Ajirna. This is the reason for the
Aahar and Vihar. According to the fundamental day-by-day increase in the incidence of diseases due to
principles of Ayurveda; Dosha, Dhatu, and Mala are the Rasa dhatu dushti janya vikar. Rasa dhatu is the first
dhatu in the body which is produced in the stomach when

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food comes in contact with the jatharagni. When this Management of Rasavaha strotodushti according to
jatharagni meaning digestive power is affected, food not Acharya Charak - Fasting (Langhan) is the best remedy
digested properly gets converted into Aam which causes for the rasa dhatu dushti janya vikar. 3[Ch. Su.28/24]
Agnimandya. According to Ayurveda the physiological Rasavaha strotas are channels that carry rasa dhatu.
functioning of the body depends on the proper function of Therefore, the dushti of rasa dhatu implies the dushti of
Agni i.e. Jatharagni, Dhatwagni, Bhootagni, etc. Agni has Rasavaha strotas. Since rasa is the foremost amongst the
an important role in the proper equilibrium of Doshas, sapta dhatu (and Rasavaha strotas its channel), rasa
Dhatu, and Mala. dhatu dushti leads to the vitiation of the following six
dhatu and their strotasas. Hence, it is very essential to
MATERIAL AND METHOD deal with the Rasavaha strotas vikar, to avoid rasa dushti
and eventually further dhatu dushti and strotas dushti.
The Ayurvedic classical text material and also different
research articles from internet sources have been
Samprapti:
reviewed.
Nidan (HetuSevan) ----- Tridosha dushti ----- Dosha
vaigunya ---- changes in the functions of Pachak pitta and
Aim: To study Rasavaha Srotasa dushti janya vikar
Kledak kapha ----- Agnivaigunya ----- Food not properly
related to Amashay and the role of Truptighna
digested, improperly digested food converts into aam -----
Mahakashay dravyas.
Aam-nirmiti ----- Agnimandya.
Objectives:
Aamotpati is the main reason for Agnimandya.
1. To study Rasavaha Srotasa.
Agnimandya is a symptom and also a disease.
2. To study Truptighna karma in detail.
Agnimandya causes improper digestion of food and turns
3. To study the action of Truptighna Mahakashay
it into Aam. The repetitive happening of this condition or
dravyas in Rasavaha Srotasa dushti janya vikar.
ignoring this condition produces a variety of Rasa Dhatu
4. To study the dravyas with their chemical composition
dushti janya vyadhi. Excessive Aam circulates through the
and satiety-related mode of action.
channels [Srotasa] and blocks the different channels
[Srotasa] and obstructs the flow of Aahar rasa [Saar
AYURVEDIC CONCEPT Bhag] and Mala [Kitta Bhag]. Due to the blockage of
Srotasa: Srotas, specifically the first Rasavaha Srotasa; the
Strotas are very minute channels not seen but detectable nutrition of further Dhatu becomes deficient. Aam
by their functions, they provide nutrients to the whole accumulated in the Rasavaha Srotasa causes disease
respective Dhatu in the body. If there is any disturbance conditions like Tripti, Ajirna, Aruchi, Aasyavairasya,
in the physiology of strotas, it may lead to pathological Ashraddha, Gurutwa, Jwar, Chhardi, Hrallas, Udarshul,
changes in the body, therefore understanding the concept Aadhman, Aatop. The qualities of Rasa Dhatu resemble
of strotas is very important. Kapha Dosha, hence disordered Rasa Dhatu causes an
increase in the Guna i.e. the properties of Kapha dosha,
The following are the causes of Rasa Dhatu Dushti: such as Snigdha, Guru, Sheeta, and Pichchhil. So, to cure
1
[Ch. Vi.5/21] this upset condition; viruddha guna karma dravyas are
1. Eating Guru-Excessively Heavy, Sheeta-Cold, used. Kaphashamak medications like Ushna guna and
Atisnigdha - Oily, Unctuous, Sticky, food. Katu rasa dravyas should be used to treat such
2. Samashan –Taking a wholesome and unwholesome conditions. In Truptighna dravyas the maximum dravyas
diet together are Katu rasatmak and Ushna Virya, which are
3. Chinta-Stress. Kaphashamak properties. As excessive Kapha dosha
diminishes, it decreases the Guru, Snigdha, Sheeta,
The following are the diseases related to the Amashay: Pichchhil, etc characteristics, and helps to reverse the
[Ch. Su.28/9, 10] 2 Aama dosha-related disorder.
Ashraddha-Ageusia, Aruchi-Anorexia, Aasyavairasya-
Disgeusia, Arasadnyata-Loss of taste, Hrilaas-Nausea, Truptighna Mahakashay:
Gaurav/Aadhman-Feeling of heaviness. A total of 10 dravyas comprise the Truptighna
Rasa pradoshaj vyadhis covered by Acharya Sushruta Mahakashay. They are
are: Avipak – Dyspepsia, Trupti-Early satiety, 1. Shunthi, 2. Guduchi, 3. Vacha, 4. Musta, 5. Pippali,
Hradroga-Heart disorder. 6. Chavya, 7. Chitraka, 8. Vidanga, 9. Murva, 10.
Patol. 4, 7

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Truptighna karma: Causes and related disorders:

Tripti is a Sanskrit word meaning "satisfaction", A long duration of early satiety can lead to different
"nourishment" or "spiritual delight” 6, 7 nutrition-related health complications such as; Peptic
Tripti is also one of the Kaphaj nanatmaja vyadhi. ulcer, Gastroesophageal reflux disease [GERD],
Excess of Kapha Dosha increases its properties like Guru, Obstruction, Tumors of the abdominal organs,
Gastroparesis, Inflammatory bowel syndrome [IBS],
Snigdha, and Sheeta; creating a feeling of tightness and Constipation, Enlarged liver, Ascites, Cancer, Anxiety,
fullness in the abdomen; this is called Tripti. The drugs Stress.
that are used to treat such symptoms are commonly
known as Truptighna Dravy. Signs and symptoms:
A feeling of fullness after eating very little food, Inability
Tripti as a vyadhi or as a symptom is commonly seen in to consume a normal-sized meal,
patients who suffer from Rasavaha srotas dushti due to Nausea, Vomiting, Difficulty in breathing and
the similarity of Kapha dosha. It is a condition Swallowing, Bloating and Burping, Chest pain,
Heartburn, Indigestion, Stomach pain.
characterized by the symptoms of early satiety and loss of
appetite. Due to the consumption of factors responsible PATHOPHYSIOLOGY:
for the vitiation of Kapha Dosha - Kapha Vruddhi takes When a person eats-----nerve receptors inside the stomach
place which causes Agnimandya and related diseases like stimulate -----receptors ---these receptors send signals to
Trupti, Ajirna, Arochaka, etc. According to Yogindranath the brain----and the brain interprets it as a sensation of
Sen, Tripti means Arochak. Hence Truptighna dravyas are fullness. ----this process helps to prevent overeating.
also called Arochak har Dravyas.7 But in chronic disorders of the Abdomen like Obstruction,
tumors, IBS-----or aetiological factors like GERD, Ulcer,
IBS, and Constipation---- cause impairment or absence of
MODERN CONCEPT stomach movement-------Stomach empties slowly which
makes the food remain in the stomach for a longer
Definition of Satiety: duration-----Compression of the duodenum, stomach------
It is defined as the inability to eat a full meal or the damage to vagus nerves, receptors------send signals to the
feeling of fullness in the abdomen after a small amount of brain----interprets as a sensation of fullness---causes Early
food intake. Satiety.

OBSERVATION AND RESULT:

Tab. No. 1: List of Triptighna Mahakashay dravyas with details of Properties7, 8, 9

Part
Drug Name Rasa Virya Vipaka Guna
used
Nagara Katu Ushna Madhura Guru, Rhizome
Zingiber officinalis Ruksha,
Zigiberaceace Tikshna.
Chavya Katu Ushna Katu Laghu, Fruit
Piper chaba Ruksha. Root
Piperaceae
Chitraka Katu Ushna Katu Laghu, Root
Plumbago zeylanica Ruksha.
Plumbaginaceae
Vidanga Katu Ushna Katu Tikshna Seed
Embelia ribes Kashaya
Myrinaceae
Murva Tikta, Ushna Katu Laghu, Rhizome
Marsdenia tenacissina Kashaya Ruksha.

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Asclepideaceae

Guduchi Tikta, Ushna Madhura Tikshna Stem

Tinospora cordifolia Kashaya
Menispermaceae
Vacha Katu, Tikta Ushna Katu Guru, Ruksha Rhizome
Acorus calamus
Araceae
Musta Katu, Tikta, Sheet Katu Guru, Rhizome
Cyperus rotundus, Kashaya Snigdha
Cyperaceae
Pippali Katu Anushna Madhura Laghu, Fruit
Piper longum, Tikshna
Piperaceae
Patola Trichosanthes dioica, Tikta, Katu Ushna Katu Laghu, Fruit Stem
Cucurbitaceae Ruksha Root

Table No. 2: List of Truptighna Mahakashay dravyas with their detail information about Doshaghnata,
Rogaghnata, and Karma.7, 8, 9
Drug Name Doshaghnata Karma Rogaghnata

Nagara Vata Rochan, Deepan Aruchi,Hrallhas,Chhardi

Zingiber officinalis Kapha Pachan, Vatanuloman Agnimandya, Ajirna, Aadhman
Zigiberaceace hara Shulaprashaaman Udarshul

Chavya Kapha Deepan,Pachan Aruchi, Aanah

Piper chaba Vata Vatanuloman Agnimandya, Ajirna,
Piperaceae hara Shulaprashaaman Aadhman, Udarshul
Chitraka Plumbago zeylanica Vata Deepan Agnimandya,
Plumbaginaceae Kapha hara Pachan Ajirna, Udarshul
Vidanga Vata Deepan Chhardi, Agnimandya
Embelia ribes Myrinaceae Kapha hara Pachan Anuloman Ajirna, Aadhman Udarshul

Murva Vata Deepan, AmaPachan Hrallhas, Chhardi

Marsdenia tenacissina Kapha Anuloman
Asclepideaceae hara Shulaprashaaman
Guduchi Tri Deepan , Pachan Chhardi, Agnimandya
Tinospora cordifolia Dosha Jwarahara Udarshul, Jwar
Menispermaceae hara Chardinigrahan
Anuloman
Vacha Vata Kapha hara Deepan, Pachan Aadhman
Acorus calamus Shulaprashaaman Shula Agnimandya
Araceae Aruchi
Musta Kapha Deepan Aruchi,Chhardi,Jwar
Cyperus rotundus, Cyperaceae pitta hara Pachan Jwarahara Ajirna, Agnimandya
Pippali Vata Kapha hara Deepan,PachanTruptighna Aruchi, Agnimandya
Piper longum, Shulaprashaaman Ajirna, Udarshul
Piperaceae Vatanuloman
Patola Kapha Pitta Deepan, Rochan Aruchi,Agnimandya
Trichosanthes hara Pachan, Anuloman Ajirna, Udarshul
dioica,Cucurbitaceae

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Table No.-3 List of Truptighna Mahakashay dravyas with detailed information related to their chemical
constituents, Pharmacological action, and Mode of action.

Sr. Drug Pharmacological Chemicals Mode of action

No. Name Action contain
1 Nagara 1.Anti-Inflammatory Gingerol 1. Ginger inhibits the production of immune system
Zingiber 2.Anti-Emetic Shogaol components called cytokines. These chemicals have
officinalis 3. Peptic ulcer Galanolactone the tendency to create inflammation; Chemicals
Gingerols contain potent anti-inflammatory action.
Gingerol inhibits Arachidonic acid metabolism and
is thus an inhibitor of prostaglandin synthesis.21
Shogaol interferes with the Arachidonic enzyme,
inhibits cyclooxygenase, and prevents
prostaglandins synthesis
2. These chemicals have antiseratoninergic effects
and 5HT3 receptor antagonism effect [Antidopamine
action]23
3. Peptic ulcer: Inhibits the growth of Helicobacter
pylori.H.pylori is a species of bacterium that can
harm the stomach lining leading to stomach ulcers.
Causes symptoms nausea, vomiting, bloating,
burping, and lack of appetite.23
2 Chavya22 1. Digestive Piperine- 1. Excessive secretion of gastric juice
Piper chaba 2.Anti-inflammatory alkaloid 2. extract containing Piperine act as inhibitory action
Piperaceae on prostaglandin and leukotriene’s COX-1

3 Chitraka 1.Anti-inflammatory Plumbagin 1. Reduction in prostaglandin synthesis.19

Plumbago 2.Antiulcer 2. Inhibition of gastric mucosal damage19
zeylanica 3.Anticancer 3. Cytotoxic activity19
4 Vidanga 1.Anti-inflammatory Embelin 1. Bind and inhibits Inflammatory pathways.20
Embelia 2.Abdominal 3. Inhibit [TNF] Tumour necrosis factor.20
ribes disorders H.Pylori infection reduced.20
3.Anti-cancer
4.Gastritis
Murva 1Anti-inflammatory Marsedenin 1. Inhibition of process of Inflammation.18
Marsdenia 2.Anti-cancer Marsdenoside 2. The extract potential to restore erlotinib or
tenacissina B gefitinib sensitivity in tyrosine kinase inhibitors
resistant cells.18
6 Guduchi23 1. Antispasmodic Tinosporin, 1. Steroid-sitosterol-Inhibit COX2.
Tinospora 2.Antiinflammatory Tinosporide Diterpenoid lactone-Anti inflammatory
cordifolia 3.Anti stress 2. Inhibition of the proliferation of tumor cells.
4.Anti-cancer Steroid-sitosterol Inhibit TNF, I- 1, IL- 6,Alkaloids-
Palmatin-
7 Vacha 1.Anti-ulcer Asarone 1. Inhibits gastric secretion and protects
Acorus 2.Antispasmodic Acorin gastroduodenal mucosa against injuries.12
calamus 3. Anti-anxiety 2. Inhibits the excessive peristaltic movements of the
4. Anti-depressant intestines.12
5.Anti-cancer 3. Interaction with Adrenergic, dopaminergic,
serotonergic, and GABAergic systems. 13
4. The extract inhibited proliferation generated by
the mitogen phytohemagglutinin. Inhibited
production of nitric oxide,interleukin-2, and Tumor
necrosis factor.12

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8 Musta 1. Antiemetic Cyperone 1. Vasodilator properties and ability to inhibit the

Cyperus 2.Anti-spasmodic mammalian arginase enzyme.10
rotundus, 3. Gastroprotective 2. Inhibit acetylcholine, reduced contraction, 5
4.Anti-inflammatory Hydroxitriptamine induces direct relaxant action on
5. Anti-cancer. the smooth muscle.10
3. Inhibition of gastric motility and endogenous
prostaglandins.10
4. Inhibit lipopolysaccharide [LPS] which stimulated
inflammation.10
5. Plant extract stops cell accumulation by inducing
apoptosis in the cancerous cells.10
9 Pippali 1. Anti-ulcer Piperine- 1. Inhibit GE [Gastric emptying] activity of gastric
Piper 2.Anti-depressant alkaloid and pepsin secretion.17
longum, 2. Simulating and carminative properties, with
increased secretion of gastric juice and improved
appetite.
Gastrointestinal movements are included with relief
of gas and colic.17
10 Patola 1. Anti-inflammatory Triterpenoid 1. The extract of T.dioica root containing
Trichosanthe 2. Anti-ulcer triterpenoid enriched protective role against
s dioica, inflammation.11
2. Acid neutralizing property
Reduction in acid pepsin secretion and increase in
mucin activity.11

DISCUSSION CONCLUSION
According to the Ayurvedic concept, most of the
This review article is to compile and correlate Ayurvedic
Truptighna Mahakashay dravyas are Katu
and Modern concepts and the probable actions of
rasavipakatmak and Ushna viryatmak.8 All these
Triptighna Mahakashay dravyas. The use of Triptighna
properties are Kapha Vata shamak and act as Deepan,
Mahakashay dravyas not only maintains general health
Pachan, Rochan, Anuloman, Shulprashaman, and
but also improves the quality of health by stimulating the
Chhardinigrahan. In Rasa Dhatu dushti janya vikar all
appetite and reducing related disorders.
these karmas [actions] are necessary as preventive and
curative measures. From the modern medical point of
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