KENDRIYA VIDYALAYA SANGATHAN (LUCKNOW REGION)

SESSION: 2024-25
SUBJECT:PHYSICS (THEORY)
Maximum Marks : 70 CLASS : XII Time Allowed: 3hours.
General Instructions:

(1) There are 33 questions in all. All questions are compulsory.

(2) This question paper has five section :Section A, Section B, Section C,Section D and
Section E.
(3) All the sections are compulsory.
(4) Section A contains sixteen questions, twelve MCQ and four Assertion Reasoning based of
1 mark each, Section B contains five questions of two marks each, Section C contains
seven questions of three marks each, Section D contains two case study based questions
of four marks each and Section E contains three long answer questions of five marks
each.
(5) There is no overall choice. However, an internal choice has been provided in one question
in Section B, one question in Section C, one question in each CBQ in Section D and all
three questions in Section E.You have to attempt only one of the choices in such
questions.
(6) Use of calculators is not allowed.
(7) You may use the following values of physical constants where ever necessary
8
i. c = 3 x 10 m/s
ii. me=9.1 x10-31kg
-19
iii. e= 1.6x 10 C
iv. µ0= 4π x 10-7Tm𝑨−𝟏
-34
v. h = 6.63 x10 Js

vi. ε 0 =8.854x10-12𝑪𝟐𝑵−𝟏𝒎−𝟐
vii. Avogadro’s number =6.023 X𝟏𝟎𝟐𝟑 per gram mole

SECTION-A
1.Relative permittivity and permeability of a material are 𝜀𝑟 and µ𝑟 respectively. Which of the
following values of these quantities are allowed for a diamagnetic material?

a) 𝜀𝑟 = 1.5, 𝜇𝑟= 1.5 b) 𝜀𝑟 = 0, 𝜇𝑟 = 1.5

c) 𝜀𝑟 = 1.5, 𝜇𝑟 = 0.5 d) 𝜀𝑟 = 0.5, 𝜇𝑟= 0.5

5
2. An electric dipole placed in an electric field of intensity 2 × 10 N/C at an angle of 30°
experiences a torque equal to 4 Nm. The charge on the dipole of dipole length 2cm is
(a) 7 µC (b) 8 Mc (c) 2mC (d) 5 mC

3.Light of frequency 6.4 x 1014 Hz is incident on a metal of work function 2.14 eV. The maximum
kinetic energy of the emitted electrons is about

(a) 0.25 eV (b) 0.51 eV (c) 1.02 eV (d) 0.10 eV

4.The refractive index of the material of an equilateral prism is √3 .What is the angle of Minimum
deviation?
(a) 45° (b) 60° (c) 37° (d) 30°

5.Two α-particles have the ratio of their velocities as 3: 2 on entering the magnetic field. If they
move in different circular paths, then the ratio of the radii of their paths is
a) 2 : 3 b) 3 : 2 c) 9 : 4 d) 4 : 9

6.The relative magnetic permeability of a substance X is slightly less than unity and that of
substance Y is slightly more than unity, then

(a) X is paramagnetic and Y is ferromagnetic

(b) X is diamagnetic and Y is ferromagnetic
(c) X and Y both are paramagnetic
(d) X is diamagnetic and Y is paramagnetic

7.If an ammeter is to be used in place of a voltmeter, then we must connect with the ammeter a:
(a) low resistance in parallel (b) high resistance in parallel
(c) high resistance in series (d) low resistance in series

8.A force of 4N is acting between two charges in air. If the space between them is completely filled
with glass (relative permittivity = 8), then the new force will be

(a) 2N ( b) 5N (c) 0.5N (d) 0.2N

9. The large scale transmission of electrical energy over long distances is done with the use of
transformers. The voltage output of the generator is stepped-up because of

(a) reduction of current (b) reduction of current and voltage both

(c) power loss is cut down (d) a and c both

10.A magnetic flux linked with a coil varies as 𝜙 = 2𝑡2 − 6𝑡 + 5 where 𝜙 is in weber and t is in second.
The induced current is zero at

a) t = 0 b) t = 1.5 c) t = 3 d) t = 5
11.The diagram below shows the electric field (E) and magnetic field (B) components of an
electromagnetic wave at a certain time and location.
 The direction of the propagation of the electromagnetic wave is
(a) perpendicular to E and B and out of plane of the paper
(b) perpendicular to E and B and into the plane of the paper
(c) parallel and in the same direction as E
(d) parallel and in the same direction as B

12. The ionisation potential of hydrogen is 13.6 V. The energy of the atom in n = 2 state will be

a) -10.2 eV b) - 6.4eV c) – 3.4 eV d) – 4.4 eV

For Questions 13 to 16, two statements are given –one labeled Assertion (A) and other
labeled Reason (R). Select the correct answer to these questions from the options as given
below.
(a)If both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is correct explanation of
Assertion.

(b)If both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not the correct
explanation of Assertion.

(c)If Assertion is true but Reason is false.

(d)If both Assertion and Reason are false.

13. Assertion (A) : Photoelectric effect demonstrates the wave nature of light.

Reason(R): The number of photoelectrons is proportional to the frequency of light.

14. Assertion (A) : Putting p type semiconductor slab directly in physical contact with
n type semiconductor slab cannot form the p-n junction.

Reason(R): The roughness at contact will be much more than inter atomic crystal spacing and
continuous flow of charge carriers is not possible.

15. Assertion (A): In Bohr’s model of the atom, the angular momentum of the electron is quantized.

Reason (R): The electron in an atom revolves in circular orbits around the nucleus under the
influence of electrostatic forces.

16.Assertion (A): Refractive index of glass with respect to air is different for red light and violet
light.

Reason (R): Refractive index of a pair of media does not depends on the wavelength of light used.

SECTION –B

17.(a)Name the device which utilizes unilateral action of a p-n diode to convert ac into dc.

(b)Draw the input &output waveform of a full wave rectifier.

18.Calculate binding energy per nucleon of 209Bi 83 nucleus. Given that mass of
209
Bi 83 = 55.934939u, mass of proton = 1.007825u, mass of neutron = 1.008665u .
(given: 1 u = 931 MeV) .
19.A plot, between the angle of deviation (δ) and angle of incidence (i), for a triangular
prism is shown in figure: Explain why any given value of ‘δ’ corresponds to two values of
angle of incidence. State the significance of point P on the graph.

20. A potential difference V is applied to a conductor of length L , diameter D. How are

the electric field E, the drift velocity Vd and resistance R affected when
(i) V is doubled.
(ii) D is doubled.
21.Show that the least possible distance between an object and its real image in a convex lens is 4f,
where f is the focal length of the lens.

OR

An astronomical telescope has focal lengths 100 cm & 10 cm of objective and eyepiece lens respectively
when final image is formed at least distance of distinct vision, magnification power of telescope will be?

SECTION-C

22. (a)What are coherent sources.

(b)Explain Young’s double slit experiment.

(c)Write the expression for the fringe width.

23.Charges (+q) and (–q) are placed at the points A and B respectively which are a distance 2L
apart. C is the midpoint between A and B. What is the work done in moving a charge +Q along the
semicircle CRD. (see figure)

24.The ground state energy of hydrogen atom is -13.6 eV.

(a)What is the kinetic energy of the electron in this state?

(b)What is the potential energy of the electron in this state?

(c)Which of the answers above would change if the choice of the zero of potential energy is
changed?
25. Using Kirchhoff’s rules, calculate the current through 40Ω and 20Ω in the circuit shown in
below figure

26. (a) State the principle & the working of a moving coil galvanometer.

(b) Why concave magnets are used in it , give reason.

27. (i) Arrange the following electromagnetic waves in the descending order of their wavelengths.

(a) Microwaves (b) Infrared rays (c) Ultraviolet radiation (d) g-rays

(ii) Write one use each of any two of them.

28.(a) Define mutual inductance and write its SI unit.

(b) Two circular loops, one of small radius r and other of larger radius R, such that R>>r, are placed
coaxially with centres coinciding . Obtain the mutual inductance of the arrangement.
OR

(a) Two long straight parallel current carrying conductors are kept ‘r’ distant apart in air.The
direction of current in both the conductors is same. Find the magnitude of force per unit
length.
(b) What will be the direction of the force between them when
(i) When current flows in same direction.
(ii)When current flows in opposite direction.
SECTION -D
CASE STUDY BASED QUESTIONS
29.From Bohr's atomic model, we know that the electrons have well defined energy levels in
an isolated atom. But due to inter atomic interactions in a crystal, the electrons of the outer
shells are forced to have energies different from those in isolated atoms. Each energy level
splits into a number of energy levels forming a continuous band. The gap between top of
valence band and bottom of the conduction band in which no allowed energy levels for
electrons can exist is called energy gap.
Following are the energy band diagrams for conductor fig (ii), for insulators fig (b)
and for semiconductors fig (c).
(i) In an insulator energy band gap is
(a) Eg = 0 eV (b) Eg>3eV (c) Eg<3eV (d) None of this
(ii)In a semiconductor, separation between conduction and valence band is of the order of

(a) Eg = 0 eV (b) Eg>3eV (c) Eg<3eV (d) None of these

(iii) Based on the band theory of conductors, insulators and semiconductors, the forbidden
gap is smallest in

(a) conductor (b) insulators (c) semiconductors (d) All of these

(iv) Solids having highest energy level partially filled with electrons are
(a) semiconductor (b) conductor (c) insulator (d) none of these
OR
What is the highest occupied band in solids?
(a) conduction band (b) valence band (c) forbidden band (d) semiconductor band

30. It is the phenomenon of emission of electrons from a metallic surface when light of a
suitable frequency is incident on it. The emitted electrons are called photo electrons.
Nearly all metals exhibit this effect with ultraviolet light but alkali metals like lithium, sodium,
potassium, cesium etc. show this effect even with visible light. It is an instantaneous process i.e.
photoelectrons are emitted as soon as the light is incident on the metal surface. The number of
photoelectrons emitted per second is directly proportional to the intensity of the incident
radiation.

The maximum kinetic energy of the photoelectrons emitted from a given metal surface is
independent of the intensity of the incident light and depends only on the frequency of the
incident light. For a given metal surface there is a certain minimum value of the frequency of the
incident light below which emission of photoelectrons does not occur.

(i)In a photoelectric experiment plate current is plotted against anode potential.

(A) A and B will have same intensities while B and C will have different frequencies.

(B) B and C will have different intensities while A and B will have different frequencies.
(C) A and B will have different intensities while B and C will have equal frequencies
(D) B and C will have equal intensities while A and B will have same frequencies.
(ii) Photoelectrons are emitted when a zinc plate is
(A)Heated (B) hammered (C) Irradiated by ultraviolet light (D) subjected to a high pressure
(iii)The threshold frequency for photoelectric effect on sodium corresponds to a wavelength of
500nm.
Its work-function is about

(A) 4x10−19J (B) 1J (C) 2x10−19J (D) 3x10−19J

(iv)The maximum kinetic energy of photoelectrons emitted from a surface when photons of energy
6 eV fall on it is 4 eV. The stopping potential is

(A) 2V (B) 4V (C) 6V (D) 10V

OR
The minimum energy required to remove an electron from a substance is called its
(A) Work function (B) kinetic energy (C) stopping potential (D) potential energy
SECTION - E
31.(a)Draw a ray diagram for the formation of image of a point object by a thin double convex
lens having radii of curvature R1 and R2.Hence derive lens maker’s formula.

( b ) A converging lens has a focal length of 10 cm in air. It is made of a material of

refractive index 1.6. If it is immersed in a liquid of refractive index 1.3, find its new focal
length.
OR
(a)Define a wavefront. How is it different from a ray?

(b)Using Huygens’s construction of secondary wavelets draw a diagram showing the passage
of a plane wavefront from a denser to a rarer medium.Using it verify Snell’s law.

(c)In a double slit experiment using light of wavelength 600nm and the angular width of the
fringe formed on a distant screen is 0.1° (degree).Find the spacing between the two slits.

(d)Write two differences between interference pattern and diffraction pattern.

32.(a) Draw graphs showing the variations of inductive reactance and capacitive reactance with
frequency of applied ac source.
(b)Draw the phasor diagram for a series LRC circuit connected to an AC source.

(c)When an alternating voltage of 220V is applied across a device X, a current of 0.25A flows
which lags behind the applied voltage in phase by π/2 radian. If the same voltage is applied
across another device Y, the same current flows but now it is in phase with the applied voltage.

(i)Name the devices X and Y.

(ii)Calculate the current flowing in the circuit when the same voltage is applied across the
series combination of X and Y.

OR
(a) A series LCR circuit is connected to an ac source.Using the phasor diagram ,derive the
expression for the impedance of the circuit.

(b)Plot a graph to show the variation of current with frequency of the ac source, explaining the
nature of its variation for two different resistances R1 and R2 (R1<R2) at resonance.

33.(a)Find the expression for the capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor of area A and plate
separation d if a dielectric slab of thickness t(t<d) is introduced between the plates of capacitor.

(b)A parallel plate capacitor, of capacitance 20 pF, is connected to a 100 V supply. After
sometime the battery is disconnected, and the space, between the plates of the capacitor is
filled with a dielectric, of dielectric constant 5. Calculate the energy stored in the capacitor.

OR

A parallel plate capacitor of capacitance C is charged to a potential ‘V' by a battery. Q is the

charge stored on the capacitor .Without disconnecting the battery, the plates of the capacitor are
pulled apart to a larger distance of separation.

What changes will occur in each of the following quantities? Will they increase, decrease or
remain the same? Give an explanation in each case.

(a) Capacitance
(b) Charge
(c) Potential difference
(d) Electric field
(e) Energy stored in the capacitor.