CHUKA UNIVERSITY

FACULTY OF SCIENCE, ENGINEERING &TECHNOLOGY

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE

EVANS KIARIE
EB1/46563/20

COSC 483: COMPUTER SYSTEMS PROJECT 2

TRAVEL AND TOUR WEB BASED SYSTEM

SUPERVISOR: MR KEVIN GOGO

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 Table of Contents
LIST OF FIGURES...............................................................................................................................2
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION..........................................................................................................4
1.0 Introduction...........................................................................................................................4
1.1 Background to the Study..............................................................................................................4
1.2 Problem Statement.......................................................................................................................4
1.3 Proposed Solution........................................................................................................................5
1.3.1 Aim of the Project.................................................................................................................5
1.3.2 Objectives......................................................................................................................5
1.4 Significance of the project...........................................................................................................6
CHAPTER 2: IMPLIMENTATION......................................................................................................7
2 System Interfaces.......................................................................................................................7
2.1 System Code..............................................................................................................................14
CHAPTER 3: TESTING.....................................................................................................................17
3 Login and security...................................................................................................................17
3.3 System Testing Screens of Thematic areas..........................................................................18
3.4 Achieved Results.................................................................................................................18
CHAPTER 4: DISCUSSIONS, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS............................19
4.0 Discussions................................................................................................................................19
1.1 Conclusions.........................................................................................................................20
1.2 Recommendations................................................................................................................20
REFERENCES....................................................................................................................................22

LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1user registration page....................................................................................................7
Figure 2: Login page..................................................................................................................7
Figure 3:Home page...................................................................................................................7
figure 4: community forum page................................................................................................8
Figure 5:shop page.....................................................................................................................8
Figure 6: product description popup..........................................................................................8
Figure 7: reader information popup...........................................................................................9
Figure 8: item cart page..............................................................................................................9
Figure 9: contact page..............................................................................................................10

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Figure 10: checkout page.........................................................................................................10
Figure 11: Admin dashboard....................................................................................................11
Figure 12: Admin product addition page.................................................................................11
Figure 13: Order page admin...................................................................................................12
Figure 14: user account management page..............................................................................12
Figure 15:Received messages admin page...............................................................................12
Figure 16: php login code........................................................................................................13
Figure 17: php configuration file.............................................................................................13
Figure 18: universal style variables..........................................................................................14
Figure 19: report generation code (1).......................................................................................14
Figure 20: report generation code (2).......................................................................................15
Figure 21: passwords stored in hash form................................................................................16
Figure 22: a failed login attempt..............................................................................................16

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 CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
1.0 Introduction
This project "TOUR AND TRAVEL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM" is an online platform
designed to automate all processes involved in travel planning, booking, and management of
tour and travels. It serves as a comprehensive digital solution that brings together travelers,
service providers, and other stakeholders within the travel and tourism industry.
The primary goal is to streamline the travel experience, making it more convenient, efficient,
and enjoyable for users. from anywhere in the Kenya by a single dynamic website which will
help the user to know all about the places and tour details in a single website. The admin and
company can add packages to the website from a certain travel agents and hotels by creating
a tour page. Then the users can sign in and book each project, they can be confirmed by the
admin who manages the booking page. The user can see the confirmation in their booking
page. It is an easiest platform for all travelers which can be easily booked and know the all
details
Improve the tour and travel industry of Kenya. We provide the most suitably designed web
based application as well as the customized tour and travel packages to the customers. We
offer everything related to travelling services under one roof. Per the tour packages we
provide the facilities to customers such as hotels, guesthouses and rental cars. It may vary
from customer to customer and packages per their needs.
This system will serve large number of visitors (foreigners or local) to acquire quality service
with comparable payment. Since the system will protect clients from searching around
services manually; the business owners (company) that uses this system will be able to post
their detailed service they provide with the price range. It can also help the business owners
and users to communicate and give reviews (feedbacks), to help the business owners to grow.
1.1 Background to the Study
1.2 Problem Statement
The tour and travel industry in Kenya faces several challenges that a web-based system aims
to address. Kenya, with its diverse landscapes, wildlife, and cultural heritage, is a popular
destination for tourists. However, the existing infrastructure often hampers the seamless
organization and execution of travel plans.
One of the primary issues is the lack of a centralized platform for comprehensive tour and
travel management. Many local operators and service providers operate in silos, making it
difficult for travelers to access a one-stop-shop for planning their trips. This fragmentation
leads to inefficiencies, delays, and potential communication gaps between various
stakeholders in the travel ecosystem.
Additionally, information accessibility poses a significant problem. Tourists often
struggle to find accurate and up-to-date information about destinations, accommodations,
transportation options, and tour packages. A web-based system can serve as a centralized
repository of information, offering real-time updates and a user-friendly interface for tourists
to plan their itineraries seamlessly.

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Payment and booking processes are another pain point. The lack of secure and
standardized online payment systems hinders the growth of the industry. A robust web-based
platform can integrate secure payment gateways, facilitating hassle-free transactions and
boosting the confidence of both tourists and service providers.
Moreover, the current manual or semi-automated systems for managing bookings,
reservations, and tour logistics are prone to errors and inefficiencies. Automation through a
web-based system can streamline these processes, reducing the risk of errors, minimizing
delays, and improving overall customer satisfaction.
In conclusion, the tour and travel web-based system in Kenya aims to address the challenges
of fragmentation, information accessibility, payment security, and operational inefficiencies.
By providing a unified platform, it seeks to enhance the overall experience for both tourists
and local service providers, contributing to the growth and sustainability of Kenya's tourism
industry
1.3 Proposed Solution
The proposed solution for the travel and tour web-based system in Kenya revolves around the
development and implementation of a comprehensive platform that addresses the identified
challenges. This solution aims to create a unified and user-friendly ecosystem that enhances
the overall travel experience for both tourists and local service providers.
Firstly, the web-based system will act as a centralized hub, bringing together fragmented
service providers onto a single platform. Through a user-friendly interface, tourists will have
access to a diverse range of services, including accommodations, transportation, and tour
guides. This consolidation of offerings simplifies the travel planning process, allowing users
to explore, compare, and choose services seamlessly.
To tackle the issue of outdated information, the proposed solution emphasizes real-time
updates and accurate data. The web-based system will employ robust content management
systems to ensure that information about destinations, accommodations, and tour packages is
continuously updated. This ensures that tourists can rely on the platform for current and
reliable information when making travel decisions.
1.3.1 Aim of the Project
The general objectives of a Travel and Tour Management System (TTMS) encompass broad
goals that aim to enhance the efficiency, accessibility, and overall quality of the travel and
tourism industry. These objectives serve as the overarching principles guiding the
development and implementation of the system:
1.3.2 Objectives
1. To develop a user-friendly platform that simplifies the process of
searching, comparing, and booking travel services.
2. To offer comprehensive travel solutions, including transportation,
accommodation, sightseeing, and local experiences.
3. To implement a secure payment system that protects user data
and transactions.

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1.4 Significance of the project
A Travel and Tour Management System (TTMS) holds immense significance for the travel
and tourism industry in Kenya, offering a transformative impact on various stakeholders and
contributing to the overall growth and sustainability of the sector.
1. Economic Empowerment
The project plays a pivotal role in economic empowerment, particularly for local businesses
in Kenya. By providing a digital marketplace, it empowers small accommodations, tour
operators, and other service providers, giving them a platform to showcase their offerings and
connect with a broader audience. This not only boosts their visibility but also contributes to
the economic development of local communities.
2. Enhanced Tourist Experience:
Tourists benefit significantly from the TTMS as it centralizes and streamlines the entire travel
experience. With real-time information on destinations, accommodations, and tour packages,
travelers can make well-informed decisions. The system's user-friendly interface facilitates
seamless planning, booking, and communication, enhancing the overall experience for
tourists exploring Kenya's diverse landscapes and cultural attractions.
3. Sustainable Tourism Practices:
The TTMS promotes responsible tourism by integrating features that highlight eco-friendly
activities, cultural preservation initiatives, and guidelines for minimizing environmental
impact. This encourages tourists to make sustainable choices during their travels, contributing
to the conservation of Kenya's natural beauty and cultural heritage
Limitation of the Study
1. Time frame for conducting this study and the project was not adequate.
2. Limited access to existing systems to gather information significant to the study
Justification of the Study
This study aims to automate manual processes in travel companies in Kenya, addressing the
increasing number of both local and international tourist Travel and tour web based system
has solve the issue of Searching for places to visit manually, Having no reviews on areas to
visit , Transportation problems for international tourist.

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 CHAPTER 2: IMPLIMENTATION
2 System Interfaces
This platform features a simple intuitive user interface that facilitates the marketing and
purchase of e-books.
The online eBook store system features a comprehensive set of user interfaces designed
to provide a seamless and intuitive experience for both readers and authors. The system
consists of the following key interfaces:

1. User Interface (UI) for Tourist:

• The user interface acts as the central hub for travelers to explore, plan, and
book their tours and travel experiences.
• This platform boasts a visually captivating and adaptable design, catering to
seamless usage across various devices, including desktop and mobile.
• Travelers can effortlessly navigate through an extensive array of tour
options, delve into comprehensive details about destinations and itineraries,
preview sample experiences, and securely finalize their bookings.

Figure 1 user registration page

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Figure 2: Login page

Figure 3:Home page

figure 4: community forum page

Figure 5:shop page

Figure 6: product description popup

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Figure 7: reader information popup

Figure 8: item cart page

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Figure 9: contact page

Figure 10: checkout page

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 2. Admin Interface:
The admin interface is accessible to the eBook store's management team, providing
comprehensive control and oversight of the platform.
Administrators are be able to manage the eBook catalogue, including adding new
titles, updating existing book information, and monitoring sales and user activity.
The admin interface facilitates the review and approval of submitted manuscripts, as
well as the some management of user accounts.

Figure 11: Admin dashboard

Figure 12: Admin product addition page

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Figure 13: Order page admin

Figure 14: user account management page

Figure 15:Received messages admin page

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2.1 System Code
The system is built on Hypertext Markup Language (HTML), and Cascading stylesheets for
styling. PHP is also used in the frontend of the system in the fetching and recording of data
from and to the MySQL database respectively. PHP is also used for minor security measures
as well as user authentication during login. Java script is used to provide some functionality
and responsiveness especially in popup windows. In the backend, the system uses a MySQL
database system to manage transactions and user data as well as to generate reports. Here are
some code snippets that showcase a small bit of the long system code:

Figure 16: php login code

Figure 17: php configuration file

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Figure 18: universal style variables

Figure 19: report generation code (1)

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Figure 20: report generation code (2)

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 CHAPTER 3: TESTING
3 Login and security
1. Secure Password Handling:
In the create User method, the password is encoded using a password encoder before
storing it in the database. This is done using the password Encoder.encode() method.
Encoding passwords before storage is a fundamental security practice as it prevents
storing passwords in plaintext, making it much harder for attackers to retrieve passwords
even if they gain unauthorized access to the database.
In the authenticate method, when a user attempts to log in, the stored password is
compared with the provided password using password Encoder.matches(). This method
securely compares the plaintext password provided by the user with the encoded
password stored in the database. This ensures that even if someone intercepts the
communication or gains access to the database, they won't be able to retrieve the actual
password.
2. Preventing SQL Injection:
The code uses Spring Data JPA's find by Email method to retrieve a user by email from
the database. This method automatically generates a parameterized SQL query, which
helps prevent SQL injection attacks. Parameterized queries ensure that user input is
treated as data rather than executable code, thus protecting against malicious SQL
injection attacks.
3. User Role Management:
When creating a new user in the create User method, a default role of "USER" is
assigned to the user. This is a basic form of role-based access control (RBAC) which can
be expanded upon to control access to different parts of the application based on user
roles. By enforcing roles, the system can restrict access to sensitive functionality or data,
enhancing security by only allowing authorized users to perform specific actions.

Figure 21: passwords stored in hash form

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Figure 22: a failed login attempt

3.3 System Testing Screens of Thematic areas

Extensive testing has been conducted on the database functionalities of the system,
encompassing extraction, querying, and output processes, to validate their operational
effectiveness and dependability. Testing has specifically scrutinized the search and
filtering functionalities to guarantee users can effortlessly locate requisite information.
Evaluation of data retrieval and presentation mechanisms has affirmed the system's apt
and swift response to user commands and inquiries. Moreover, performance assessments
have been executed to ascertain the system's ability to manage substantial user traffic and
transactional loads seamlessly.
3.4 Achieved Results
The testing phase has yielded positive results, affirming the system's robust performance
across all assessed domains. Its login and security features are thorough and reliable,
ensuring exclusive access for authorized users. Seamless search functionalities empower
users to swiftly locate desired information, while data retrieval and display processes
remain swift and efficient, even amidst heightened user activity.
However, vulnerabilities to cross-scripting attacks persist in select areas, which will be
addressed in due course upon the system's deployment to a live platform. In essence, the
testing phase has confirmed that Bookly is primed for rollout pending necessary
refinements and enhancements, including the integration of a payment system, automated
email capabilities, and additional security measures feasible only in a live environment,
rather than a local setting.

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CHAPTER 4: DISCUSSIONS, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

4.0 Discussions
The proposed web-based travel and tour system aims to revolutionize the way users plan,
book, and experience their travel adventures. By addressing the core objectives outlined,
the system seeks to provide a comprehensive and user-friendly solution that streamlines
the entire travel booking process while offering a wide range of services and support.

Developing a user-friendly platform is a crucial aspect of the system's success. Intuitive

navigation, clear presentation of information, and seamless integration of search and
booking functionalities will ensure that users can effortlessly explore and compare
various travel options. This user-centric approach will not only enhance the overall
experience but also increase user satisfaction and encourage repeat bookings.
Offering comprehensive travel solutions is another key objective of the system. By
consolidating transportation, accommodation, sightseeing, and local experiences into a
single platform, users can conveniently plan and book their entire trip from start to finish.
This one-stop-shop approach eliminates the need to navigate multiple websites and
streamlines the planning process, saving users time and effort.

Implementing a secure payment system is essential to building trust and confidence

among users. By prioritizing data protection and transaction security, the system will
safeguard sensitive information and ensure that users can complete their bookings with
peace of mind. Compliance with industry standards and regulations will further reinforce
the system's commitment to user privacy and security.

Providing real-time customer support is a critical component of delivering exceptional

service. By offering multiple channels for users to seek assistance, such as live chat,
email, or phone support, the system will ensure that inquiries and issues are promptly
addressed. Well-trained and knowledgeable support staff will be available to guide users
through the booking process, answer questions, and resolve any issues that may arise,
fostering a positive and reassuring user experience.

Integrating a feedback mechanism is pivotal for continuous improvement and adaptation

to user needs. By actively soliciting reviews, ratings, and suggestions from users, the
system can identify areas for enhancement and tailor its offerings to better align with user
preferences and expectations. This customer-centric approach will not only drive
improvements but also foster a sense of community and engagement, encouraging users
to become active participants in shaping the system's future.

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1.1 Conclusions
The proposed web-based travel and tour system presents a comprehensive solution
that addresses the diverse needs of modern travelers. By prioritizing user-
friendliness, offering a wide range of travel services, implementing secure payment
systems, providing real-time customer support, and actively seeking user feedback,
the system aims to revolutionize the travel booking experience.
With its user-centric design, robust security measures, and commitment to
continuous improvement, the system has the potential to become a trusted and
preferred platform for travelers worldwide. By consolidating various travel-related
services into a single platform, users can streamline their planning process, save time
and effort, and enjoy a seamless and hassle-free travel experience.
1.2 Recommendations
Conduct extensive market research to understand user preferences, pain points, and
emerging trends in the travel industry, ensuring that the system remains relevant and
competitive.
 Invest in user experience (UX) design and usability testing to continuously refine
the platform's interface, navigation, and overall user experience, ensuring intuitive
and seamless interactions.
 Establish partnerships with reputable travel service providers, such as airlines,
hotels, tour operators, and local businesses, to offer a diverse range of options and
stay up-to-date with the latest offerings.
 Implement advanced search and filtering capabilities, leveraging artificial
intelligence and machine learning algorithms, to provide personalized
recommendations based on user preferences and travel history.
 Develop a robust mobile application that complements the web-based platform,
allowing users to access travel information, make bookings, and manage their
itineraries on-the-go.
 Explore the integration of emerging technologies, such as virtual reality or
augmented reality, to enhance the pre-travel planning experience and provide
immersive previews of destinations and accommodations.
 Implement a loyalty program or rewards system to incentivize repeat bookings
and foster long-term customer relationships, encouraging users to remain loyal to
the platform.
 Establish partnerships with travel influencers, bloggers, and social media
personalities to increase brand awareness, reach a wider audience, and leverage
their expertise in curating unique travel experiences.
 Implement a comprehensive data analytics system to track user behavior, identify
trends, and make data-driven decisions for continuous improvement and strategic
planning.

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 Prioritize sustainability and responsible travel initiatives by promoting eco-
friendly accommodations, activities, and transportation options, aligning with the
growing demand for sustainable tourism practices.
By implementing these recommendations, the web-based travel and tour system can
position itself as a leading platform in the industry, providing a seamless and
personalized experience for users while continuously adapting to evolving market
demands and technological advancements.

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