UNIDAD EDUCATIVA “SAN JOSÉ LA SALLE”

STUDY GUIDE
HIGHER BASIC EDUCATION
SOCIAL STUDIES
2024-2025

COMPLETE THE PARAGRAPH

The struggle for Cuba's independence from Spanish

rule began in the late 19th century, with the most notable leader of the movement
being ______ (1). His leadership and writings inspired many Cubans to fight for
their freedom, culminating in the outbreak of the Cuban War of Independence in
______ (2). However, it was not until the involvement of the ______ (3) in 1898,
following the mysterious sinking of the ______ (4) in Havana harbor, that Spanish
rule came to an end.
After the war, the Treaty of ______ (5) was signed, which officially ended Spanish
rule in Cuba and resulted in the temporary control of the island by the ______ (6).
Despite achieving nominal independence in 1902, Cuba remained under
significant influence from the United States due to the ______ (7) Amendment,
which allowed U.S. intervention in Cuban affairs.
In 1959, a new chapter in Cuba’s history began with the overthrow of the dictator
______ (8) by the revolutionary leader ______ (9). This marked the beginning of
a socialist government in Cuba and led to strained relations with the ______ (10),
culminating in events such as the Bay of Pigs invasion and the Cuban Missile
Crisis.

Platt - Fulgencio Batista – Jose Martì – US Marine – United States (2) – 1895 – Soviet
Union – Paris- Fidel Castro

CHOOSE AND CIRCLE THE BEST ANSWER

1. What country did Cuba befriend after the Cuban Revolution?
A. Germany
B. France
C. URSS
D. Latin America
2. _________ are exile people who use boat to abandon a Caribean Island
especially Cuban
A. Bananeros
B. Balseros
C. Viajeros
D. Residentes
3. Cuba’s economy situation was difficult because the:____
4.
A. Low demand of sugar
B. High demand of sugar
C. Low demand of tobbacco
D. Embargo
5. What is the name of the failed U.S. led invasion of Cuba after Castro took
control?
A. Bay of Pigs
B. Bay of Havana
C. Bay of Cienfuegos
D. Bay of Copacabana

6. ______________ proposed to decrease foreign participation in strategic

sectors in the Brazilian economy.

A. Alfredo Somoza
B. Alfredo Stroessner
C. Joao Goulart
D. Jorge Videla

7. Chile, Brazil, Argentina were countries involved in political dissedents such

as:____ that enacted dictatorships of the Southern Cone.

A. Stikes
B. manifestations
C. nationalitazions
D. kidnap and torture

8. _________ died in Brazil without standing trial.

A. Alfredo Somoza
B. Alfredo Stroessner
C. Joao Goulart
D. Jorge Videla

9 . __________ rose to power democratically but his government lasted from

1970 to 1973.
A. Augusto Pinochet
B. Salvador Allende
C. Luis Garcia Meza
D. Jorge Videla
9. _______’s dictatorship was considered as the most traumatic eras in Latin
America history.
A. Argentina
B. Nicaragua
C. Chile
 D. Ecuador

11..- ____________ _______ was a dictator of Bolivia and its dictatorship

lasted from 1971 to 1978.
A. Jorge Videla
B. Hugo Banzer
C. Isabel Martinez
D. Salvador Allende

11. The general Rodriguez Lara was replaced by :_____

A. Jaime Roldós
B. Oswaldo Hurtado
C. triumvirate
D. Simon Bolivar
12. Which of the following is NOT a defining characteristic of military
dictatorships?
A) Rule by military officials
B) Suppression of civil liberties
C) Regular elections
D) Lack of opposition parties

13. Operation Condor was a covert intelligence and military operation conducted
by several Latin American dictatorships during the 1970 and 1980s.Which
countries were know to be part of Operation Condor?
14. A) ARGENTINA, BRAZIL, AND MEXICO
15. B) CHILE, COLOMBIA AND VENEZUELA
16. C)ARGENTINA, CHILE AND URUGUAY
17. D) MEXICO, PERU, AND BOLIVIA

ANSWER THE FOLLOWING ANSWERS

a) What is the difference between the repressive and the progressive

dictatorship?

………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………

b) What was Operation Condor?

………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………….

. CHOOSE THE CORRECT ANSWER THAT COMPLETE THE STAMENT

 :

ORGANIZE THE DICTATORSHIP AND CIRCLE THE CORRECT LETTER

ACCORDING TO ITS CHARACTERISTICS

1. ___ was an international repressive organization grouping together Latin

American dictatorships.
2. ___ with the support of Bolivian oligarchy, he carried out a coup d’etat, and his
dictatorship lasted from 1971 to 1978.
3. ___ he proposed a smaller participation of foreign investment in the strategic
sectors of the economy.
4. ___ he was in power for 17 years while systematically violating human rights
with total disregard.
5. ___ he imposed State terrorism and severely repressed all political,social,
students and intellectual forces.

A. The Condor Plan – General Augusto Pinochet – General Hugo Banzer –

Joao Goulart in Brazil – R. Videla
B. The Condor Plan – General Hugo Banzer – R. Videla – Joao Goulart in Brazil –
General Augusto Pinochet
C. The Condor Plan – General Hugo Banzer – Joao Goulart in Brazil – General
Augusto Pinochet- R. Videla
D. The Condor Plan – R. Videla – General Augusto Pinochet – Joao Goulart in
Brazil – General Hugo Banzer

CLASSIFY IN THE NOTIONAL MAP THE CHARACTERISTICS,THE

SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES OF THE MILITARY DICTATORSHIPS
AND DICTABLANDAS
ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS

1. What significant law was enacted during Rodríguez Lara's dictatorship in

1973?
……………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………
…………
2. What was the name of the state oil company created during Rodríguez
Lara's rule?
……………………………………………………………………………………

3. What was the proposal of Raul Alfonsin government in Argentina?

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4. Who won the elections in Chile after the dictatorship?
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

CIRCLE THE NAME OF THE DICTATOR WITH ITS COUNTRY

Dictator Country
1. Augusto Pinochet ___ a. Nicaragua
2. Juan Velasco Alvarado ___ b. Chile
3. General Guillermo Rodriguez Lara ___ c. Argentina
4. Jorge Videla ___ d. Ecuador
5. Anastacio Somoza ___ e. Peru

VOCABULARY. READ THE SENTENCES AND WRITE THE CORRECT

WORD. 1 POINT

1. Restraining the freedom of a person : ____________

2. The transfer of a major branch of industry from private to state ownership or control.

_________
COMPLETE THE SENTENCES USING THE WORD BANK

1. The Cuban Revolution ended in __________.

2. Fidel Castro and __________ led a group of rebels against the government of
Fulgencio __________.

3.The revolution involved __________ warfare tactics to fight against the government.

4.After the revolution, Cuba became a country that practiced __________

Socialism - guerrilla - Batista - 1959 - Che Guevara

WRITE TRUE OR FALSE

1. Fidel Castro was a key figure in the Cuban Revolution.

2. The revolution was against the US government.

WRITE THE WORDS OF THE FOLLOWING DEFINITIONS

TORTURE - TRIUMVIRATE

1. ________ government by three persons who share authority and responsibility.

2.________ is the action or practice of inflicting severe pain or suffering on someone as
a punishment

COMPLETE THE PARAGRAPH

Guillermo Rodrìguez Lara took power in 1)_______. He held a 2)___________

and interventionist position. The general believed in state 3)________. He
nationalized oil, created 4)___________ and started the construction of the
Esmeraldas state 5)_________.During his dictatorship, he created taxes on
6)____________ to support the national industrial sector.

Intervention – CEPE – 1972 – refinery -imports - exports

COMPLETE THE PARAGRAPH

THE NEOLIBERAL ___________ IN LATIN AMERICA LED TO

INCREASED _________, A DROP IN REAL ____________, AN INCREASE
IN _________ AND __________INFLATION.

A. formulas, rich, dollar,work, stable

B. ideas, inequality,capital,state, greater
C. policies,poverty,salaries,unemployment,growing
D. theories,investment,oil,employment,lower

WRITE TRUE OR FALSE

1. The defeat in the Falkalands War was in 1985. _____________
2. Sixto Durán Ballén won the presidency of Ecuador in 1979. _____________
3. Salvador Allende didn’t finish his government because of his death.
____________
4. Hugo Banzer dictatorship had the support of Bolivian Oligarchy. ___________
COMPLETE THE TEXT ABOUT THE FOLLOWING HISTORICAL EVENTS
1. Condor Operation was a 1)___ intelligence network created in the 1970s by
several South American military dictatorships, including Argentina, Brazil,
Chile, Paraguay, Uruguay, and Bolivia. The purpose of the Condor Operation
was to coordinate the efforts of these military dictatorships in the fight
against 2)____ political movements. The Condor Operation was responsible
for the disappearance, 3)____, and killing of thousands of people
throughout South America. The victims included not only left-wing activists
but also journalists, intellectuals, and other perceived threats to the military
regimes.

a) Secret - left-wing – torture

b) Torture – right-wing- secret
c) Right-wing- left-wing – sercret
d) Torture – democracy – secret
WRITE TRUE OR FALSE

1. Neoliberalism limits the role of the state in the economy.

______________
2. Jaime Roldós brought neoliberal policies in Ecuador.
______________
3. Neoliberalism permits the entry and exit of capital
______________
4. Inside the Neoliberalism the subsidies are eliminated.
______________
5. Jorge Videla dictatorship fall in 1984.
_____________
 6. Salvador Allende coup d’etat was in 1973
_____________
7. Hernan Siles was arrested in Brazil in 1995.
______________
8. The Second Agrarian Reform was enacted in 1973
______________
10. General Guillermo Rodriguez Lara was forced to resign and replaced by a
triumvirate.
________
11. Reduction of taxes on imports was one of the major economic policies of the
Guillermo Rodriguez Lara dictatorship.
________
12. In 1992,Chile officially transition back to democracy
________
13. Salvador Allende didn’t finish his government because of his death.
_________
MATCH THE WORDS WITH THE CORRECT SENTENCE

1. ____used violence and repression to stay in power. ___ A. house arrest

2. Jorge Videla was ______ from 1998 until his death in 2013. ___ B. military
3. Chilean people used to be tortured with ____ ___ and brutal dictatorship
Floggings. ___ C. electric shocks
4. It knows as a coup or overthrow ___ D. Coup d’état