AC circuit_numericals

1.
Three voltages represented by e1 = 20 sin ωt; e2 = 30 sin (ωt − π/4) and e3 = 40 cos (ω t +
π/6) act together in a circuit. Find an expression for the resultant voltage. Represent them
by appropriate vectors. Ans: e = 25.1 sin (ωt +
32.3°) or e = 25.1 sin (ωt + 0.564)
2.Two currents i1 and i2 are given by the expressions i1 = 10 sin (314t + π/4) amperes and i2 =
8 sin (313 t − π/3) amperes. Find (a) i1 + i2 and (b) i1− i2. Express the answer in the form i =
Im sin (314 t ±φ).
Ans: i = 11.08 sin (314 t + 44′) A
3. Voltage and current for a circuit with two elements in series are experssed as follows:
ν (t)=170 sin (6280 t + π/3) Volts, i (t)=8.5 sin (6280 t + π/2) Amps. (i) Plot the two
waveforms. (ii) Determine the frequency in Hz. (iii) Determine the powerfactor stating its
nature. (iv) What are the values of the elements?
Ans: f= 1000 Hz, pf 0.866 (leading), R= 17.32 ohms, Xc= 10 ohms and C=
15.92 mF.
4. An inductive circuit draws 10 A and 1 kW from a 200-V, 50 Hz a.c. supply. Determine:
(i) the impedance in cartesian from (a + jb) (ii) the impedance in polar from Z ∠ θ (iii) the
power factor (iv) the reactive power and (v) the apparent power.
Ans: Z = 10 + j17.32 or 20 ∠ 60°, 0.5 lag, 1732 VAR and

2000 VA.
5. A 120-V, 60-W lamp is to be operated on 220-V, 50-Hz supply mains. Calculate what value
of (a) non-inductive resistance (b) pure inductance would be required in order that lamp is
run on correct voltage. Which method is preferable and why?
Ans: 200 Ω, 1.17 H
6. A current of 5 A flows through a non-inductive resistance in series with a choking coil

when supplied at 250-V, 50-Hz. If the voltage across the resistance is 125 V and across
the coil 200 V, calculate (a) impedance, reactance and resistance of the coil (b) the power
absorbed by the coil and (c) the total power. Draw the vector diagram.
7. Ans: 40 Ω, 39.62 Ω, 5.5 Ω, 137.5 W, 762.5 W
8. A tungsten filament bulb rated at 500-W, 100-V is to be connected to series with a
capacitance across 200-V, 50-Hz supply. Calculate: (a) the value of capacitor such that
the voltage and power consumed by the bulb are according to the rating of the bulb. (b)
the power factor of the current drawn from the supply. (c) draw the phasor diagram of the
circuit. Ans: 81 μF, 0.455(lead).
9. It is desired to operate a 100-W, 120-V electric lamp at its current rating from a 240-V, 50-
Hz supply. Give details of the simplest manner in which this could be done using (a) a
resistor (b) a capacitor and (c) an indicator having resistance of 10 Ω. What power factor
would be presented to the supply in each case and which method is the most economical
of power. Ans: 144 Ω, 12.8 μF, 0.775 H, 0.535 (lag), Method (b) is most economical
because it involves least consumption of power.
10. In Fig. 13.40, calculate (i) current (ii) voltage drops V1, V2, and V3 and (iii) power absorbed
by each impedance and total power absorbed by the circuit. Take voltage vector along the
reference axis. Ans: 6.73 A, 18.58 + j 28.06, 56.12 −j 37.16, 25.36 + j
9.04, 634 W
11. Draw a vector for the circuit shown in below indicating the resistance and reactance drops,
the terminal voltages V1 and V2 and the current. Find the values of (i) the current I (ii) V1
and V2 and (iii) p.f.. Ans: 5.83 A, 108.4 V, 221
V, 0.875 (lead)
12. Two impedances given by Zn = (10 + j 5) and Z2 = (8 + j 6) are joined in parallel and
connected across a voltage of V = 200 + j0. Calculate the circuit current, its phase and the
branch currents. Draw the vector diagram. Ans: 37.74 ∠−32º,
17.88 ∠−26º32′, 20 ∠−36º46′
13. Find the reading of the ammeter when the voltmeter across the 3ohm resistor in the circuit
of Fig. below reads 45 V.
Ans: 22.4 ∠28.8º
14. Calculate (i) total current and (ii) equiva-lent impedance for the four-branched circuit of Fig.
below.
Ans: 33.8 ∠−23.8º A, 5.9 ∠ 53.8º Ω
15. Determine the current drawn by the following circuit when a voltage of 200 V is applied
across the same. Draw the phasor diagram. Ans: 11.42 <- 31.4°,
8.25<34.7°,15.17<4.5°

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1.

4. An inductive circuit draws 10 A and 1 kW from a 200-V, 50 Hz a.c. supply. Determine:

Ans: Z = 10 + j17.32 or 20 ∠ 60°, 0.5 lag, 1732 VAR and

6. A current of 5 A flows through a non-inductive resistance in series with a choking coil

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