JAVA INTRODUCTION

JAVA INTRODUCTION :
- Java was introduced in 1995 by James Gosling at Sun Microsystems.
- James Gosling is considered as the father of Java.
- Java can used on many platforms and devices.
- Java is used to create mobile devices, softwares, web apss, desktop apps etc. etc.
- Java Code is processed through a compiler which translated our code into bytecode that an
operating system can read.
Our JAVA Code -------------> Compiler -----------> byteCode (001110010101010101) ------> OS can read
- Java is a programming language.
==================================================
Java Key Features :
- Object Oriented : Java uses the concepts like classes and objects. Java is a Object Oriented
Language.
- Platform Independence : It works on the concept of WORA (Write Once and Run Anywhere)
Lets say we can write the code on Windows Machine and we can run in Linux Machine.
- Automatic Memory Management : Java is basically having a terms as garbage collector which
automatically handles the memory allocation.
===================================================
3 major pillars that we have in JAVA :

1) JDK
2) JRE
3) JVM
1) JDK : Java Development KIT :
A complete toolkit for developing the Java Application or programs.
JDK = JRE + JVM
Whenever we are supposed to write the code, we need to have JDK for sure.
2) JRE : Java Runtime Enviroment :
It is a package that have all the neccesary libraries that we need to run the code.
3) JVM (Java Virtual Machine) :
- It is a component of JRE which actually execute the code.
JRE is the complete enviroment for running Java Code while JVM is a specific component within JRE
that actually executes the code.
===========================================================================
Eclipse IDE Setup
Java Setup
go to google.com
write Download Java

Download and install it.
JAVA AND ECLIPSE
Go to Google.com
Download JAVA
Download ECLIPSE
1) Download JAVA
2) Install JAVA
3) Press Window Button and write cmd
4) Open CMD (Command Prompt)
5) write java -version
It will show you the version of JDK that you have installed.
-----------------------------------------------------------------
1- Press Window Button Again
2- Write Environment Variable
3- Click Environment Variable Button
4- Click PATH under system Variables
5- Click PATH and Click EDIT
6- Click New
7- Go to you JDK installed bin file program files (generally in C drive)
8- Copy this path till bin folder.
9- Paste this in Step 6
10-Click OK
11- Click OK
Why we are setting up this Environment variable of Java in System Variable :
Answer : Sometimes, the system is unable to find Java in our machine so whenever we are adding
this bin path to Environment Variable,
our system is able to find Java.
------------------------------------------------------------------
Any Questions ???????????????
NO
------------------------------------------------------------------
For mac machines,
1) Write Download Java for Mac in Google.com
2) Open the Oracle Link
3) Go to Mac tab
4) Click on .dmg file and download will start.
5) Once the download is done, install this file.
6) go to terminal
7) Run the command as java -version
------------------------------------------------------------------
How to download ECLIPSE in our machine :
1) Write Download Eclipse in google.com

2) Open the first link of eclipse.org
3) Click on Download Button
4) It will redirect you to a new page, click on this new download button.
5) Now, ECLIPSE will be downloaded.
6) Open your downloads folder and double click on downloaded .exe file of ECLIPSE.
7) Your eclipse will be installed now.
8) Open Eclipse.
9) It will ask you a couple of options like "Eclipse IDE for Java Developers etc". ?
19) Click on "Eclipse IDE for Java Developers".
20) Your Eclipse will be installed in this way.
===================================================================
How to create new Java Project in Eclipse :
1) Click file
2) Click New
3) Select "Project".
4) Select Java Project (Double click on "Java Project" option).
5) Write any Project Name
6) Cilck on Finish
7) Your Java Project will be created
===================================================================
Double Click on Project and then right click on the src folder
Go to new and select the new package and create any new package with any name (Package name
should start with small Letter).
Right click on this package.
Go to New
click on "Class"
Now give any class name and make sure to start it with Capital letter.
Select checkbox of public static void main
Cick OK
===================================================================
How to create main method in Java :
Inside you class, write "main"
Press CTRL + Space
Select First Option or Press Enter
===================================================================
Whenever Java code runs, it looks for main method
To terminate a line in Java we have to use semicolon ;
To print anything in Console log in Java, we use System.out.println("any string you can pass here");
(The shortcut to write System.out.println is -> write syso and then press Ctrl + space)
To save a program, press CTRL + S
===================================================================
What are the data types in Java :
2 types
1) Primitive Data type
2) Non Primitive Data Type
Primitive Data Types :
- int
- double
- float
- char
- boolean
- byte
- short
- long
====================================================================
int -> It is used for whole numbers (integers).
Example :
age of a person is 25.
int age = 25;
Range : -2147483648 to 2147483647
=====================================================================
double : it is used for decimal numbers (floating point numbers)
Example is :
double price = 19.99
double can be used to store large decimal values
======================================================================
float : This is also used for decimal numbers but it less precise than double.
Example is :
float temperature = 36.6f;
It requires f at the end of number.
=====================================================================
char :
it is used for single character.
Example is :
char grade = 'A'
We need to always give the value in single quotes.
=====================================================================
boolean : it is used to store 'true'/'false' values.
It only stores true/false.
Example :
boolean isThisJavaBatchFunny = true;
=====================================================================
byte, short, long, String, Araays......
String :
It is a sequence of characters.
Example :
String myStr = "Subhadrshini, Prasanthi and Anmol comes in evening Java Automation Batch";
There is my Home and my Home name is "PerfectHeaven".
String homeName = "PerfectHeaven";
=====================================================================
short range :
-32768 to 32767
short int = 32760
short int = 10000
short sum = num1 + num2;
=====================================================================
DATA TYPE :
Primitive
Non-Primitive
Primitive : int, double, char, boolean, byte, long, short, float
Non-Primitive : String and Arrays
=====================================================================
String name1 = "Hmanshu";
String name2 = "Sathya";
String nameAfterConcatination;
nameAfterConcatination = name1 + name2;
System.out.println(nameAfterConcatination);
=====================================================================
How to write a variable name (common rule for all the data type):
There are very simple rules to write a variable name :
1) variable name cant be started with a number
Wrong Syntax :
int 1num = 25;
Correct Syntax :
int num1 = 25;
2) variable name cant have spaces :
Wrong Syntax :
String first name = "Himanshu";
Correct Syntax :
String firstName = "Himanshu";
3) variable name cant contain a special character (except $ and underscore) :
Wrong Syntax :
long *num = 2500000000;
long num* = 2500000000;
long nu*m = 2500000000;
Correct Syntax :
long _num = 2500000000;
long num_2 = 500000000;
4) variable name should be written in a camelCaseWay :
camelCasing : first word should be small, and first letter of every other word should be in CAPS.
String myFirstName = "Himanshu";
String myBrotherName = "Ashish";
int myBatchHeadCountInEveningBatch = 22;
char firstLetterOfMyFatherName = 'A';
=================================================================
if (compare) {
body
}
it is not neccesary to write the else statement.
=================================================================
if (compare) {
body
else {
body
=================================================================
switch case :
package basicJavaPrograms;
public class SwitchCaseUsage {
public static void main(String[] args) {
useSwitchCase();
}
public static void useSwitchCase() {
int day = 2;
switch(day) {
case 1:
System.out.println("Its Monday");
case 2:
System.out.println("Its Tuesday");
case 3:
System.out.println("Its Wednesday");
case 4:
System.out.println("Its Thursday");
case 5:
System.out.println("Its Friday");
default :
System.out.println("Its not a weekday ========== Please have

fun");
=========================================================
public class SwitchCaseUsage {

useSwitchWithLoop();
public static void useSwitchCase() {
int day = 2;
switch(day) {
case 1:
System.out.println("Its Monday");
break;
case 2:
System.out.println("Its Tuesday");
break;
case 3:
System.out.println("Its Wednesday");
break;
case 4:
System.out.println("Its Thursday");
break;
case 5:
System.out.println("Its Friday");
break;
default :
System.out.println("Its not a weekday ========== Please have fun");
public static void useSwitchForString() {
String name = "Happy";

switch(name) {
case "Himanshu":
System.out.println("This is a mentor");
break;
case "Prasanthi":
System.out.println("This is a learner");
break;
case "Anmol":
break;
default :
System.out.println("not sure");
break;
public static void useSwitchWithLoop() {
String name = "Happy";
for(int i=1;i<=2;i++) { // i=1 // i=2
switch(name) {
case "Himanshu":
System.out.println("This is a mentor");
break;
case "Prasanthi":
break;
case "Anmol":
break;
default :
System.out.println("not sure");
break;
name = "Anmol";
// It is not mandatory to write the default code in switch case
==================================================================================
===
Keywords in Java :
public class Keywords {

// What are the keywords in Java :
/* Keywords are some reserved words that have a predefined meaning and can not be used
an identifier
* We can not give some variable name as as keyword name
* We can not give some method name as as keyword name
* We can not give some class name as as keyword name
*/
keywords that we use in Java :
// class
// public
// private
// protected
// static
// void
// int
// String
// float
// double
// short
// long
// byte
// char
// boolean
// if
// else
// for
// while
// do while
// continue
// break
// return
// final
// finally
// finalize
// switch
// super
// this
// case
// try
// catch
// finally
// throw
// throws
// abstract
// package
// new
// extends
// implements
// default
// interface
==================================================================================
===
Array In Java
An array in Java is used to hold many values of same data type.
- Array is always fixed in size (we need to define the size of an array when declaring it.
- Array can store the values of same data type
- Array values are accessed with index starts from 0 (zero).
- Array is defined by using square brackets []
int[] i = {2,3,4,12,15}; // This is the first way to define the array
int[] j = new int[8]; // This is the another way to define the array
int i[] = {2,14,78,90}; // this is also correct (very rare people use this)
int []i = {15,60,89,70}; // this is also correct (very rare people use this)
==================================================================================
===
ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException :
We have an array size = 4

can we access its 5th element ??
==================================================================================
===
public class ArraysInJava {
methodForStringArray();
public static void methodForUnderstandingArrays() {
// int[] myArr = {45,86,900};
int[] myArr = new int[5]; // Total it can store only 5 values
myArr[0] = 500; // position1
System.out.println("value at position 3 is :: " + myArr[2]);
public static void methodForStringArray() {

String[] myArr = {"Himanshu", "Sathya","Mohammad","Jegan G", "Anish","Rahul"};
// System.out.println("name at position 2 is :: " + myArr[1]);
// System.out.println("name at position 4 is :: " + myArr[3]);
// System.out.println("Total names in the array are :: " + myArr.length);
for(int i=0;i<myArr.length;i++) {
System.out.println(myArr[i]);
==================================================================================
===
String class
String is immutable - once created cant be destroyed.
String pool : if we have multiple variables with the same value, all the variables are pointing out to
the same value.
We have so many methods of String class that we can directly use.

public class StringInJava {
charAtMethod();
public static void stringProgram() {
// String Class
// This program is very very very important
String s1 = "Himanshu";
String s2 = "Himanshu";
String s3 = new String("Himanshu");
if(s1==s2) { // In case of String this == refers to the memory reference
System.out.println("s1 and s2 are equal"); // This will be printed
if(s1.equals(s2)) { // This compares the value of String
System.out.println("s1 and s2 are again equal"); // This will be printed
if(s1==s3) {
System.out.println("s1 and s3 are equal"); // This will not be printed
if(s1.equals(s3)) {
System.out.println("s1 and s3 are again equal"); // This will be printed
// This is an open forum - discuss altogether

public static void lowerCaseMethodOfString() {
String name = "HiManshu";
System.out.println("Name is :: " + name.toLowerCase()); // This is an inbuilt method
public static void upperCaseMethodOfString() {
String name = "HiManshu";
System.out.println("Name is :: " + name.toUpperCase()); // This is an inbuilt method
public static void compareTwoStrings() {
String name1 = "Himanshu";
String name2 = "HIMANSHU";
if(name1.equals(name2)) {
System.out.println("both the names are equal");
else {
System.out.println("names are not equal");
public static void comapareTwoStringWithIgnoreCase() {
String name1 = "Himanshu";
String name2 = "HIMANSHu";
if(name1.equalsIgnoreCase(name2)) {
System.out.println("both names are equal");
else {
System.out.println("both names are not equal");
}
public static void charAtMethod() {
String name = "Himanshu";
System.out.println("Char at position 2 in name is :: " + name.charAt(1));
==================================================================================
====
Access Modifiers
OOPS Concepts
==================================================================================
====
Use of Static and Instance variables :
There are 3 types of variables we have in Java :
1) Static Variable
2) Instance Variable
3) Local Variable
Local Variable :
public class LocalVariables {

String name1 = "Jegan G"; // name = Jegan G
String name2 = "Prasanthi";
methodForlocalVariableUsage();
System.out.println("name1 is :: " + name1);
// Local variables should always be initialized
// Local variables is having the limited scope
public static void methodForlocalVariableUsage() {
int i=10;
// System.out.println("value of i is :: " + i);
i = 1000;
// System.out.println("value of i is :: " + i);
String name1 = "Himanshu"; // name = Himanshu
String name2 = "Mukilan";
==================================================================================
===
Static Variable :
// static variable is having its existence at the class level
// we can't use the static keyword for a variable in a method because static works on class level
// Any other class can access the static variable/method of another class by using its className
// Example : className.staticMemberName (member means variables and methods)
public class ClassForStaticVariableInJava {
static String organisationName = "Guvi";
System.out.println("organisation name is :: " + organisationName);
public static void sum() {
int a = 10;
int b = 20;
int c = a + b;
System.out.println("sum is :: " + c);
public class Class2ToAccessStaticVariable {

String orgName = ClassForStaticVariableInJava.organisationName;
System.out.println("organisation name is :: " + orgName);
ClassForStaticVariableInJava.sum();
============================================================================
Instance Variable In Java :
Now, what do mean by instance..
instance means object.
It means, instance variable works at the object level.
How to create an object.
whenever we put "new" keyword before the classNameWithParanthesis(), its object is created.
public class Class1 {
}
public static void sum() {
System.out.println("I am sum method");
public static void subtract() {
System.out.println("I am subtract method");
public void multiply() {
System.out.println("I am multiply method");
public void divide() {
System.out.println("I am divide method");
Class1 myObject = new Class1();
myObject.multiply();
myObject.divide();
Class1.sum();
Class1.subtract();
Class1 myObject = new Class1();
myObject.multiply();
myObject.divide();
Class1.sum();
Class1.subtract();
Class1 myObject2 = new Class1();
myObject2.multiply();
myObject2.divide();
}
=============================================================================
Constructor In Java :
1) Constructor in java means a method that is having exactly the same name as className.
2) Contructor never has return statement.
3) Contructor will be called automatically when the object of its class is created.
4) Yes we can overload the constructor
5) There are 2 types of constructor : Default Construtor, Paramterized Constructor
public class ClassForConstuctor {
public ClassForConstuctor() {
System.out.println("I am a default constructor");
public void m1() {
System.out.println("i am m1");
public void m2() {
}
Class1.sum(); // static method calling
Class1.subtract(); // static method calling
new ClassForConstuctor(); // Object will be created & contructor is called
ClassForConstuctor myObject = new ClassForConstuctor(); // Object will be created

& contructor is called
myObject.m1();
myObject.m2();
// Static methods are called with the className in another class
// Non static methods are called with the object in another class
// Contructor is by default called when object of its class is created
public class ClassForConstuctor {
m2();
}
public ClassForConstuctor() {
System.out.println("I am a default constructor");
public void m1() {
public static void m2() {
new ClassForConstuctor();
What is a parametarized constructor :
What is a parameter :
public class ClassToUnderstandParameter {
subtract(25, 25);
m3(58, "Himanshu");
}
public static void sum(int a, int b) {
int c = a+b;
System.out.println("addition is ::" + c);
public static void subtract(int c, int d) {
int e = c - d;
System.out.println("subtraction is ::" + e);
public static void m3(int a, String b) {
System.out.println("value is :: " + a);
System.out.println("name is :: " + b);
Parameterized Contsructor :
public Class5() {
System.out.println("I am in the default constructor");
}
public Class5(int number) {
System.out.println("I am in parameterized constrctor and number is :: " + number);
public Class5(int a, int b, int c) {
System.out.println("I am in parameterized constrctor and the summation is :: " +

(a+b+c));
public Class5(String firstName, String lastName) {
System.out.println("FullName is " + (firstName + lastName));
public Class5(String orgName) {
System.out.println("Organisartion name is :: " + orgName);
new Class5();
new Class5(15);
new Class5(15, 5, 5);

new Class5("Himanshu", "Guvi");
new Class5("Guvi");
===============================================================================
Access Modifiers :
What are the access modifiers :
1) Default
2) public
3) private
4) protected
==================================================================
- OOPS Concepts (Encapsulation - Getters and Setters, Abstraction , Polymorphism - Overloading and
Overridding, Inheritance)
- Difference between Abstract Class and Interface
- Interface Implementation
==================================================================
OOPS :
1) Encapsulation
2) Polymorphism
3) Abstraction
4) Inheritance
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Polymorphism :
Poly - many
phism - forms
Polymorphism - many forms
it means we are having many forms of a method
Overloading
Overridding
Overloading :
We have same method name in the same class, but we have 3 conditions in overloading.
1) methods having same name but no. of paramters are different
2) methods having same name but type of paramters are different
3) methods having same name, no. of parameters are same, type of parameters are same but order
of paramters are different
In case of constructor, we call it as constructor overloding.

In case of method, we call it as method overloading.
public class ClassForOverlodingConcept {
sum(50, 50);
sum(2, 2, 3);
sum(20, "Prasanthi");
sum("Prasanthi",30);
public static void sum(int a, int b) {
int c = a + b;
System.out.println("sum of 2 numbers is :: " + c);
public static void sum(int a, int b, int c) {
int d = a + b + c;
System.out.println("sum of 3 numbers is :: " + d);
public static void sum(int a, String b) {
System.out.println("number is :: " + a);
System.out.println("name is :: " + b);
public static void sum(String a, int b) {
System.out.println("firstName is " + a);

System.out.println("numberNow is :: " + b);
============================================================================
Assignment is :
Q1 : Make a class with 5 constructors and call all these 5 constructors in same class by its object
Q2 : Make a class with 5 constructors and call all these 5 constructors in another class by its object
Q3 : Make a class with 5 overloaded methods and call all these 5 methods in the same class.
Q4 : Make a class with 5 overloaded methods and call all these 5 methods in the another class.
Status of Assignment :
Subhadarshini - Yes
Prasanthi - 3 Done
Jegan G - Yes
Sathya - Yes
Deepa - 1 Done, 3 left
Anish - 1 done, 3 left
Rathi Devi - Yes
Abhiramasundari - 1 done, 3 left
Shaffna - Yes
Manish - Yes
Prabhu - NO
Mukilan - NO
Madhunika - NO
Anmol - NO
Mohammad - NO
Anbarasan - NO
durairam - NO
============================================================================
- OOPS Concepts (Encapsulation - Getters and Setters, Abstraction , Polymorphism - Overloading and
Overridding, Inheritance)
- Difference between Abstract Class and Interface
- Interface Implementation
============================================================================
OOPS Concepts :
1) Polymorphism
2) Abstraction
3) Encapsulation
4) Inheritance
Polymorphism : Overloading and Overridding
Overloading is already covered above.
Overridding :
Overridding is an another type of Polymorphism.
Another names of overridding are : "Run Time Polymorphism", and "Dynamic Method Dispatch".
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Overloading is a concept that is application in single class.
Overridding is a concept that is applicable in Parent and Child Class.
To learn overridding we first need to learn what is "Inheritance".
What is Inheritance :
- Inheritance is one of the OOPS concept wherein one class can inhibit the data members of another
class by using Parent Child relation.
- 'extends' keyword is used to inherit another class.
- 'implements' keyword is used to inherit another interface.
Child Class can access parent class methods freely without creating the Object.
===============================================================================
Static and nonStatic method calling in same class :
public class StaticNonStaticCallingInSameClass {
m1Static();
m2Static();
}
public static void m1Static() {
System.out.println("I am m1Static ");
m2Static();
public static void m2Static() {
System.out.println("I am m2Static ");
public void m1NonStatic() {
System.out.println("I am m1NonStatic ");
m1Static();
m2NonStatic();
public void m2NonStatic() {
System.out.println("I am m2NonStatic ");
===============================================================================
use of return keyword :
how to create a method :

<accessModifier - public> <mention whether its a static or nonStatic> <return type void/int/String>
<methodName> () {
Body of method
public class UseOfReturnKeyword {
int num3 = 20;
int sumOf3Numbers;
sumOf3Numbers = sumOfTwoNumebrs(20,10) + num3;
System.out.println("summation of 3 numbers is :: " + sumOf3Numbers);
public static int sumOfTwoNumebrs(int num1, int num2) {
int c = num1 + num2;
return c;
==================================================================================
===
public class UseOfReturnKeyword {
int num3 = 20;
int sumOf3Numbers;
sumOf3Numbers = sumOfTwoNumebrs(20,10) + num3 + 100;
System.out.println("summation of 3 numbers is :: " + sumOf3Numbers);
public static int sumOfTwoNumebrs(int num1, int num2) {
int c = num1 + num2;
int d = 5;
int e = 5;
int f = c + d + e;
return f;
==================================================================================
===
Overridding :
ClassA - Child
ClassB - Parent
ClassC - Overridding
public class ClassAChild extends ClassBParent {
public void showGuviDetails() {
System.out.println("I am a child class method");
public class ClassBParent {
public void showGuviDetails() {
System.out.println("I am a parent class method");
public class ClassCForOverridding {
ClassBParent obj1 = new ClassBParent();
// obj1.showGuviDetails();
System.out.println("=================================");
ClassAChild obj2 = new ClassAChild();
// obj2.showGuviDetails();
System.out.println("=================================");
// ClassAChild obj3 = new ClassBParent(); // This is wrong statement
ClassBParent obj4 = new ClassAChild();
obj4.showGuviDetails();
obj4 = new ClassBParent();
obj4.showGuviDetails();
===================================================================
Encapsulation :
- Encapsulation is one of the OOPS concepts of Java.
- Encapsulation means we are encapsulating data memebers in a class.
- We are hiding the implemenation details from other users.
- We use getters and setters in encapsulation.
use of this keyword in java :

this keyword is used to have a reference of same class.
this.num means we are referring the num variable of same class where in this line is written.
----------------------------------------------------------------
public class ClassForEncapsulation {
private int num;
public void setNum(int num) {
this.num = num;
public int getNum() {
return this.num;
public class CallingEncapsulationDataMembers {
ClassForEncapsulation myObj = new ClassForEncapsulation();
myObj.setNum(10);
myObj.getNum();
================================================================================
Inheritance :
- This is one of the OOPS concept of Java.
- Multi Level Inheritance is allowed in Java.
- Multiple Inheritance is not allowed in Java (for classes)
- Mulitiple Inheritance is allowed in Java only in case of Interface.
- extends keyword is used to inherit a class.
- implements keyword is used to inherit a interface
Class A extends Class B - Correct
Class B extends Class C - Correct
Class A extends Class B,C - Incorrect
Class A imlpements interface B,C - Correct
public class ClassA extends ClassB{
ClassA a = new ClassA();

a.callMethod();
public void callMethod() {
sum();
subtract();
public class ClassB extends ClassC{
public void sum() {
System.out.println("I am sum method of classB");
public class ClassC {

public void sum() {
System.out.println("sum method of ClassC");
public void subtract() {
System.out.println("subtract method of ClassC");
=================================================================================
Use of Super Keyword In Java :
Super Keyword is used to call Parent Class methods/variables/constructor.
public class ClassParent1 {
public void sum() {
System.out.println("I am sum method of Parent Class");
public class ClassChild1 extends ClassParent1{

ClassChild1 myObj = new ClassChild1();
myObj.callSumMethod();
public void sum() {
System.out.println("I am sum method of Child Class");
public void callSumMethod() {
super.sum();
Important Thing about super keyword is :
- Whenever the child class is called, its parent class constructor will always be called.
- It means super() (of parent class) is always hidden.
- It means if we have constructor in child class and parent class both, in that case also whenever we
are creating the object of child class,
first of all Parent Class Constuctor will be called and then child class constructor will be called.
- The first line (hidden line) of every constructor is "super();"
public class ClassParent1 {
public void sum() {

System.out.println("I am sum method of Parent Class");
public ClassParent1() {
System.out.println("I am default constructor of Parent Class");
myObj.callSumMethod();
public ClassChild1() {
System.out.println("I am the default constructor of Child Class");
public void sum() {
System.out.println("I am sum method of Child Class");
public void callSumMethod() {
super.sum();
}
==================================================================================
public ClassChild2() {
System.out.println("I am the default constructor of Child class");
public class ClassParent2 extends ClassGrandParent2{
public ClassParent2() {
System.out.println("I am default constructor of Parent Class");
}
public class ClassGrandParent2 {
public ClassGrandParent2() {
System.out.println("I am default constructor of Grand Parent Class");
=============================================================
Abstraction :
What is abstraction :
- This is one of the OOPS concept of Java wherein we are hidding the implemenation details from the
actual user.
- User only calls the method and not aware of the logic written inside.
- Abstraction is achieved in Java using abstract keyword.
- Abstract Classes are the example of Abstracttion.
- One Abstract Class can have one of more than one abtract method.
- Concrete methods are the methods which have body (where in abstract methods are the one
which does not have any body).
- Abstract Classes cant be instantiated (We cant create the object of Abstract Class).
- Abstract Classes are inherited by another classes using extends keyword.
- When any other class extends the abstract class, it always have to have all the abstract methods
inside it.
- When any other class extends the abstract class, it always need to give the body of all the abstract
methods inside.
public abstract class AnimalClass {
// abstract method
public abstract void sound();
// Concrete Method (having body)
public void sleep() {
System.out.println("this animal sleeps");
public class DogClass extends AnimalClass{
DogClass myObj = new DogClass();
myObj.sleep();
myObj.sound();
@Override
public void sound() {

System.out.println("Dog barks");
public class LionClass extends AnimalClass{
LionClass myObj = new LionClass();
myObj.sleep();
myObj.sound();
@Override
public void sound() {
System.out.println("Lion Roars");
===========================================================================
public abstract class FourWhellerClass {

public abstract void carName();
public abstract void carColor();
public abstract void tyreType();
public abstract void fuelType();
public abstract void isSunroofAvailable();
public void numberOfWheels() {
System.out.println("This is a car with stupny, so total 5 wheels are there");
public class MarutiAltoClass extends FourWhellerClass{
@Override
public void carName() {
System.out.println("Car Name is Maruti Alto");
@Override
public void carColor() {
System.out.println("Car color is red");
@Override
public void tyreType() {
System.out.println("Normal wheels are there");

}
@Override
public void fuelType() {
System.out.println("Car is available in CNG and Petrol");
@Override
public void isSunroofAvailable() {
System.out.println("Sunroof is not avaiable");
public void altoCarSpeciality() {
System.out.println("I am the cheapest car in the world");
MarutiAltoClass myObj = new MarutiAltoClass();
myObj.carName();
myObj.carColor();
myObj.tyreType();
myObj.fuelType();
myObj.isSunroofAvailable();
myObj.altoCarSpeciality();
myObj.callNumberOfWheels();
public void callNumberOfWheels() {
numberOfWheels();
}
}
public class HyundaiCretaClass extends FourWhellerClass{
@Override
public void carName() {
System.out.println("Car Name is Hyundai Creta");
@Override
public void carColor() {
System.out.println("Car color is white");
@Override
public void tyreType() {
System.out.println("tyre type is Alloy wheels");
@Override
public void fuelType() {
System.out.println("Car is avaialbe in Petrol only");
@Override
public void isSunroofAvailable() {

System.out.println("Yes Sunroof is avaiable");
public void hyundaiCarSpeciality() {
System.out.println("my Car AC is best in the world");
HyundaiCretaClass myObj = new HyundaiCretaClass();
myObj.carName();
myObj.carColor();
myObj.tyreType();
myObj.fuelType();
myObj.isSunroofAvailable();
myObj.hyundaiCarSpeciality();
myObj.callNumberOfWheels();
public void callNumberOfWheels() {
numberOfWheels();
=================================================================================
Assignment :
1) Create an abstract class named as "ElectronicDevice" having

abstract methods as "deviceColor", "turnOn", "turnOff".
2) Create 1st class named as "Heater" that extends abstract
class "ElectronicDevice" and implement all its unimplemented methods.
3) Create 2nd class named as "Geyser" that extends abstract
class "ElectronicDevice" and implement all its unimplemented methods.
4) Create 3rd class named as "InductionCooker" that extends
abstract class "ElectronicDevice" and implement all its unimplemented
methods.
You have 25 min, we will connect at 08:00
=================================================================================
Interface :
- Interface is the one wherein all the methods are abstract method.
- There is no need to use abstract keyword (by default all methods are abstract in an interface).
- By using Interface, we can achieve multiple inheritance.
- If we want to create a concrete method in interface then it is mandatory to keep it static.
- Interface cant be instantiated (we cant create the object of an interface).
- implements keyword is used to inherit an interface.
In Java Classes, multilevel inheritance is allowed but multiple inheritance is not allowed.
If we want to use multiple inheritance in java, this can only be achieved using Interface.
Interface is giving a basic architecture (basic methods) one class must have when it is implementing
that interface.
One interface can extend another interface by using the word "extends" ( we cant use implements
keyword here).
Note :
Multiple inheritance is not allowed in case of Abstract Classes. (one abstract class cant extend more
than one abstract class).
Multiple inheritance is not allowed in case of normal classes. (one class cant not extend more than
one class)
Mulitiple inheritance is only allowed in case of interfaces. (one class can implement any number of
interfaces).
Important Point : One class can extend one class and can also implement interface.
================================================================================
public interface MobileInterface {
void mobileColor();
void mobileScreenSize();
void mobileRamSize();
void mobileBattery();
public interface AppleDeviceInterface {
void iOSVersion();
void chargerType();
public class ApplePhoneClass implements MobileInterface, AppleDeviceInterface{
@Override
public void iOSVersion() {
System.out.println("iOS version is iOS-18");
@Override
public void chargerType() {
System.out.println("charger is C type charger");
@Override
public void mobileColor() {
System.out.println("we have 4 colors of apple phone");
@Override
public void mobileScreenSize() {
System.out.println("Screen size is 7 inches");
@Override
public void mobileRamSize() {
System.out.println("Ram size is 8Gb");
@Override
public void mobileBattery() {
System.out.println("mobile battery is 20000 mAH");
}
}
public interface AndroidDeviceInterface {
void androidVersion();
void isCallRecordingFeatureAvailable();
public class AndroidPhoneClass implements MobileInterface, AndroidDeviceInterface{
@Override
public void androidVersion() {
System.out.println("Android version is sandwitch");
@Override
public void isCallRecordingFeatureAvailable() {
System.out.println("Yes call recording feature is available");
@Override
public void mobileColor() {
System.out.println("Available in 7 colors of rainbow");
}
@Override
public void mobileScreenSize() {
System.out.println("Mobile screen size is 8 inches");
@Override
public void mobileRamSize() {
System.out.println("ram size is 16GB");
@Override
public void mobileBattery() {
System.out.println("Mobile battery is 30000mAH");
==================================================================================
Assignment is :
Create one interface I1 having methods as sum(), subtract().
Create one more interface I2 with 2 new methods and that extends the above interface.
Create a class that implements only I2 (not I1) and check how many methods we need to implement
in this class.
Send me the code in chat window once done.
You have 5-10 minutes to work on it, we will connect at 06:20 to discuss.
==================================================================================
Abhiramasundari -
Anbarasan - Yes
Anish - Yes
Anmol -
Rathi - Yes
Deepa - NO
Durairam - No Show
Jegan - Yes
Madhunika -
Manish - Yes
Prabhu - NO
Prasanthi - Partially Done
Rajeswari - No Show
Sathya - Yes
Shaffna - Yes
Somasekar -
Subhadarshini - Yes
==================================================================================
=
Collection and Collections :
=> Collection is an interface.

=> Collections is a class that implements collection interface (collection framework).
=> As we all know that we can never create the object of an interface so we cant create the object of
collection.
We can create the object of collections class (It means we can only instantiate the collections classes
but not the collection interface).
Collection interfaces : Map, List, Set
Collection Classes : ArrayList, LinkedList, HashSet, TreeSet, LinkedHashSet, HashMap
Collections classes has so many predefined methods for searching, sorting etc.
List, Set, Map (ArrayList, HashSet, HashMap).
==================================================================================
====
List :
- List is an interface.
- It comes under collection framework.
- It stores the data in the form of index.
- We can get the value from the list using index.
- We can add the values in a list in the insertion order.
- List is not fixed in size (like Array).
- It allows duplicate values.
- It allows null values.
Lets say : I have so many fruits and I need to add the fruits name in a list.
List<String> myFruitsList = new ArrayList<>();
myFruitsList.add("Apple"); // It will add Apple to the list.
myFruitsList.add("Mango"); // It will add Mango to the list.
How to get the value from List :
using get method of list and pass the index in this get method (index is always 1 less than the
position).
myFruitsList.get(1); // it will return the value that is there at position 2.
==================================================================================
=====
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
public class ListExamples {
methodFordynamicValuesInAList("Himanshu","Subhadarshini","Manish");
methodFordynamicValuesInAList("Anmol","Prasanthi","Anish");
public static void myMethodOfList() {
List<String> myFruitsList = new ArrayList<>();
myFruitsList.add("Apple");
myFruitsList.add("Mango");
myFruitsList.add("Orange");
System.out.println("fruit name at position 1 is :: " + myFruitsList.get(0));

public static void methodFordynamicValuesInAList(String value1, String value2, String

value3) {
List<String> myList = new ArrayList<>();
myList.add(value1);
myList.add(value2);
myList.add(value3);
System.out.println(myList);
=================================================================================
Assignment:
Create a new List named as myList1 having 10 integer values.
Take 3rd and 7th value from this List and return the sum of these 2 numbers.
Create a new list and add this addition in this new list named as myList2.
Any doubt in this assignment ?
Lets connect at 08:15 (you guys have 10 minutes to work on this). OKAY ?????????
=================================================================================
public class ListAssignment {
methodForAssignment();
public static void methodForAssignment() {
List<Integer> myList1 = new ArrayList<>();
myList1.add(10);
myList1.add(25);
myList1.add(38);
myList1.add(42);
myList1.add(70);
myList1.add(90);
myList1.add(100);
myList1.add(120);
myList1.add(11);
myList1.add(14);
int sum = myList1.get(2) + myList1.get(6);
System.out.println("Sum is :: " + sum);
myList2.add(sum);
// System.out.println(myList2);
System.out.println("value in list 2 is :: " + myList2.get(0));

}
=========================================================================
public class ListAssignmentAlternateWay {
methodForListAssignment();
public static void methodForListAssignment() {
int[] myArray = {10,25,38,42,70,90,100,120,11,14};
List<Integer> myList = new ArrayList<>();
for(int index=0;index<myArray.length;index++) {
myList.add(myArray[index]);
System.out.println("value in the list at index " + index + " is " +

myList.get(index));
int myListSize = myList.size();
System.out.println("my list size is :: " + myListSize);

int sum = myList.get(2) + myList.get(6);
myList2.add(sum);
System.out.println("value in list2 is :: " + myList2.get(0));
==================================================================================
==
public class ListAssignmentAlternateWay {
methodForListAssignment();
public static void methodForListAssignment() {
int[] myArray = {10,25,38,42,70,90,100,120,11,14};
List<Integer> myList = new ArrayList<>();
for(int index=0;index<myArray.length;index++) {
myList.add(myArray[index]);
System.out.println("value in the list at index " + index + " is " +

myList.get(index));
int myListSize = myList.size();
System.out.println("my list size is :: " + myListSize);
int sum = myList.get(2) + myList.get(6);
myList2.add(sum);
System.out.println("value in list2 is :: " + myList2.get(0));
System.out.println("myList2 size is :: " + myList2.size()); // 1
myList2.remove(0);
System.out.println("myList2 size is :: " + myList2.size()); // 0
================================================================
Assignment :
1) Create an array having 10 String values.
2) create a new list -> Create a for loop.
3) Pass all these 10 values from the array to this new list (using the above for loop).
4) Add 2 more (new) values in this list.
5) Get the size of list.
6) Get the value that we have at index 5.
7) Remove one value from the list at index 5.
8) Now again, Get the value that we have at index 5.
9) Create a new list.
10) Copy all values from list1 to list2 (created in step 9).
==================================================================================
=================
Jegan G - Yes
Subhadarshini - Yes
Rathi Devi - Yes
Somesekar - Yes
Abhiramasundari - Yes
Anbarasan - Yes
Anish - Yes
Durairam - Yes
Manish - Yes
Prabhu - Yes
Shaffna - Yes
Amritha - In Progress
Mohammed - No Show
Prasanthi - Not Completed the recording yet as per her
Sathya -
Rajeshwari -
Anmol - Yes
Deepa - In Progress
==================================================================================
=======
LinkedList is Java :
- It is a class in Java that is used to store elements.
- It takes more memory than ArrayList.
- Insertion and Deletion of elements in the LinkedList is fast.
- LinkedList works on node basis.
first node -> next node -> next node.
- Singly Linked List.
- Doubly Linked List.
Singly Linked List :
Node1 -> Node2 -> Node3 -> Node4
Doubly Linked List :
Node1->Node2->Node3-> Node4
Node1<-Node2<-Node3<-Node4
Linked List :
Head -> Node1 -> Node2 -> Node3 -> Node4
==================================================================================
==========
LinkedList Implementation :
package createqadoc.CreateQADoc;
import java.util.LinkedList;
public class LinkedListImplementation {
methodForLinkedListUnderstanding();
public static void methodForLinkedListUnderstanding() {
LinkedList<String> myList = new LinkedList<String>();
myList.add("Himanshu");
myList.add("Anmol");
myList.add("Manish");
myList.add("Prasanthi");
myList.add("Anish");
System.out.println("Value at 1st index is :: " + myList.get(1));
System.out.println("my list is :: " + myList);
myList.addFirst("Deepa"); // This method does not exist in ArrayList
System.out.println("Value at 1st index is :: " + myList.get(1));
System.out.println("my list after adding first new element is :: " + myList);
myList.addLast("Durairam"); // This method does not exist in ArrayList
System.out.println("my list is after adding last new element is :: " + myList);
myList.add(2, "Subhdarshini");
System.out.println("my list is after adding new element in the middle is :: " +
myList);
myList.remove(1);
System.out.println("my list is after removal of element is :: " + myList);
==================================================================================
====================
Set is an interface.
HashSet is class.
Important Thing about set is :
It does not allow duplicates.
It does not work on index level.
No Insertion Order is saved in Set.
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
public class SetImplementation {
myMethodForSetUnderstanding();
}
public static void myMethodForSetUnderstanding() {
Set<String> mySet = new HashSet<>();
mySet.add("Apple");
mySet.add("Banana");
mySet.add("Kiwi");
mySet.add("Potato");
System.out.println(mySet); // There is no insertion order in the Set (does not work

on index level)
mySet.add("Potato");
System.out.println(mySet); // Duplicate values are not allowed in Set
// 12, 16, 20, 67, 12, 78, 90, 82, 12, 16,20, 20, 21, 20 - ArrayList
// create a set of above numbers so that all the unique values will be fetched
// compare set with the List to get the iteration(no. of count) of all the integer values
==================================================================================
===========
Exception Handling :
Exception :
Anything which is going wrong in my program (interruption) / error.

Why to handle this exception :
So that we can have an idea why and where the error is there in the code and we can fix it.
public class BasicOfExceptionHandling {
int[] myArray = new int[10];
try {
System.out.println(myArray[15]);
catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
==================================================================================
=================
Assignment :
Task 1 : Create one ArrayList and one LinkedList and write a program to add 10 numbers and then
delete 2 numbers
at index 5 and 6.
Task 2 : Create a list and add 10 values and create a new Hashmap and put all these 10 values in a
Hashmap as :
key is 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10
value : 10 values in the list
1 - Himanshu
2 - Subhadarshini
3- Anmol
4 - Anish
Task 3 : Create a set and try to include duplicate in set, and check whether it is allowed or not ?
==================================================================================
==================
Task 1:
Create an ArrayList of 10 String values and Paste it in 2 Hashmaps.
1st Hashmap :
1=Himanshu
2=Subhadarshini
3=Deepa
4=Prasanthi
5=Abhiramasundari
2nd HashMap :
6=Himanshu
7=Anmol
8=Manish
9=Anish
10=Mohammed
Task 2 :
Create an ArrayList of 10 values.
Paste it in a Hashmap like : 1,StringValue1 2,StringValue2 and so on.
Create a new LinkedList and add the values of hashmap in this linkedList.
==================================================================================
==================
import java.util.HashMap;
public class ArrayListHashMapAssignment1 {
static List<String> myList = new ArrayList<>();
addValuesToList();
firstHashMapHavingValuesFromList();
secondHashMapHavingValuesFromList();
public static void addValuesToList() {
myList.add("Subhadarshini");
myList.add("Deepa");
myList.add("Abhiramasundari");
myList.add("Mohammed");
public static int getSizeOfMyList() {
int sizeOfMyList = myList.size();
return sizeOfMyList;
public static void firstHashMapHavingValuesFromList() {
HashMap<Integer, String> myMap1 = new HashMap<>();
int sizeOfMyList = getSizeOfMyList();
for(int index=0;index<sizeOfMyList/2;index++) {
myMap1.put(index+1, myList.get(index));
System.out.println("hashMap 1 is :: " + myMap1);
public static void secondHashMapHavingValuesFromList() {
int sizeOfMyList = getSizeOfMyList();
for(int index=5;index<sizeOfMyList;index++) {
}
==================================================================================
===========
Another way to do it :
public class ArrayListHashMapAssignment1 {
static List<String> myList = new ArrayList<>();
static int sizeOfList;
addValuesToList();
firstHashMapHavingValuesFromList();
secondHashMapHavingValuesFromList();
public static void addValuesToList() {
myList.add("Subhadarshini");
myList.add("Deepa");
myList.add("Abhiramasundari");
myList.add("Mohammed");
sizeOfList = myList.size();
public static void firstHashMapHavingValuesFromList() {
for(int index=0;index<sizeOfList/2;index++) {
public static void secondHashMapHavingValuesFromList() {
for(int index=5;index<sizeOfList;index++) {
}
==================================================================================
=========
Task 2 :
public class ProblemSolving2 {
static List<String> myArrayList = new ArrayList<>();
static List<String> myLinkedList = new ArrayList<>();
static HashMap<Integer, String> myMap = new HashMap<>();
myArrayList.add("Himanshu");
myArrayList.add("Subhadarshini");
myArrayList.add("Deepa");
myArrayList.add("Prasanthi");
myArrayList.add("Abhiramasundari");
myArrayList.add("Himanshu");
myArrayList.add("Anmol");
myArrayList.add("Manish");
myArrayList.add("Anish");
myArrayList.add("Mohammed");
for(int index=0;index<myArrayList.size();index++) {
myMap.put(index+1, myArrayList.get(index));
}
System.out.println(myMap);
for(int index=0;index<myArrayList.size();index++) {
myLinkedList.add(index, myMap.get(index+1));
System.out.println(myLinkedList);
==================================================================================
=========
TreeMap:
TreeMap works in a similar way like HashMap but :
HashMap allows one null key and TreeMap does not allow any null key.
HashMap allows multiple null values but TreeMap does not allow any null value.
HashMap does not have keys in the ordered way (asceding) but Treemap has keys in ordered form
(ordered does not mean indexing).
TreeMap implemets map interface like Hashmap implements Map interface.
==================================================================================
=========
import java.util.TreeMap;
public class TreeMapImplementation {
myMethodToUnderstandTreeMap();
public static void myMethodToUnderstandTreeMap() {
TreeMap<String, String> myTreeMap = new TreeMap<>();
myTreeMap.put("Himanshu", "Mentor");
myTreeMap.put("Prasanthi", "Student");
myTreeMap.put("Manish", "Learner");
myTreeMap.put("Anmol", "Leaner");
System.out.println(myTreeMap);
==================================================================================
============
How to sort TreeMap values using Collections.sort :
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.TreeMap;
public class TreeMapImplementation {
myMethodToUnderstandTreeMap();
public static void myMethodToUnderstandTreeMap() {
TreeMap<Integer, String> myTreeMap = new TreeMap<>();
myTreeMap.put(1, "Mentor");
myTreeMap.put(2, "Student");
myTreeMap.put(3, "Learner");
myTreeMap.put(4, "ExpertLearner");
System.out.println(myTreeMap);
List<String> myList = new ArrayList<>(myTreeMap.values());
Collections.sort(myList);
System.out.println(myList);
==================================================================================
==========
Exception Handling :
- Anything unwanted/unexpected issue we are getting in the code is an exception.
- We need to handle such exception else our code will be stopped then and there (where we are
getting the exception).
- We use try, catch, finally blocks to handle exception.
- We use throw and throws to handle exception.
- Exception is a class in Java that is the parent of all the other exception classes like :
ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException, NullPointerException etc.
- There are 2 types of exception :
- Checked Exception
- Unchecked Exception.
Checked Exception occurs at Compile time.
Unchecked Exception occurs at Runtime.
==================================================================================
==========
Whenever we have anything risky, we can put it in a try block and we can catch the exception in
catch block.
Whenever we get the exception, the code after it will not be executed :
public class ExceptionHandling {
arrayIndexOutOfBoundException();
public static void arrayIndexOutOfBoundException() {
String[] myArray = new String[2];
myArray[0] = "Subhadarshini";
myArray[1] = "Sathya";
System.out.println("================Code execution is
Started==============================");
done=================================");
==================================================================================
========================
handle with try and catch :
try {
catch() {
=====================================================================
try {
Started==============================");
done=================================");
=====================================================================
So, whenever we get any exception in try block, the code automatically moves the execution to
catch block :
try {
Started==============================");
done=================================");
=====================================================================
RunTime Exception - It is always our fault.

=====================================================================
public class ExceptionHandling2 {
getDivisionOfTwoNumbers(12, 6);
public static void getDivisionOfTwoNumbers(int num1, int num2) {
try {
int division = num1/num2;
System.out.println("Division is :: " + division);
System.out.println("Error : Dont use zero as num2");
=====================================================================
- Whenever you use childException, always use Parent exception at last so that if there is any new
child exception comes in your code, that will be
handled by Exception (parent Exception Class).

- Multiple catch blocks are allowed.
=====================================================================
try {
catch (NullPointerException e) {
System.out.println("Exception Class Error : Dont use zero as num2");
}
=====================================================================
try {
catch (ArithmeticException e) {
=====================================================================
Why to use multiple catch blocks :
try {
catch (NullPointerException e) {
System.out.println("dont use any null value");
System.out.println("Something went wrong");
=====================================================================
Finally block :
1) Only one finally block is allowed.
2) This will always be executed even if there is no exception in try.
3) Finally block will always be executed.
4) Finally block is used to write some important code like dbConnectionClose, ExcelClose,
DriverQuite etc.
=====================================================================
whenever we are using try,
it is always mandatory to use either catch / finally or both of these.
=====================================================================
try {
catch() {
finally {
=====================================================================
method2ForUnderstandingFinally();
public static void methodForUnderstandingFinally() {
try {
System.out.println("I am catching exception");
finally {
System.out.println("Dont worry I will always be executed");
public static void method2ForUnderstandingFinally() {
try {
System.out.println("I am catching exception");
finally {
System.out.println("Dont worry I will always be executed");

}
=====================================================================
Throws keyword :
- It is just to help the other developrs so that if they are using the method they can handle the
exception.
- throws is used near the method signature (methodName where we have created the method).
- throws is just an information that whenever you are calling this method, this can have the
mentioned exception (mentioned near method signature)
=====================================================================
try {
methodToUnderstandThrows();
catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e) {
System.out.println("I have handled ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException

exception");
}
public static void methodToUnderstandThrows()throws ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException {
myArray[0] = 23;
myArray[1] = 56;
for(int index=0;index<=myArray.length;index++) {
System.out.println(myArray[index]);
======================================================================
throw keyword is used to have our own customized exception.
======================================================================
throw is added in the code whenver we need to explicitly print the exception.
======================================================================
methodToUnderstandThrow(23);
}
public static void methodToUnderstandThrow(int a) {
int age = a;
if (age > 100) {
throw new ArithmeticException("Please enter correct age");
else {
System.out.println("Your age is :: " + age);
========================================================================
int age = a;
if (age > 100) {
throw new ArithmeticException();

}
else {
========================================================================
try {
int age = a;
if (age > 100) {
throw new ArithmeticException("Please enter the correct age");
else {
}
System.out.println("handle this");
===========================================================================
use only try and finally (when we dont want to catch the exception using catch) :
useTryAndFinally();
public static void useTryAndFinally() {
try {
int[] i = new int[2];
System.out.println("Array creation is done");
finally {
System.out.println("I will always be executed");
}
============================================================================
useTryAndFinally();
try {
finally {
System.out.println("Database has been closed");
System.out.println("=== Done =====");
============================================================================
This question is just for the interview purpose :-------------------
What is a case when finally will not be executed :

Answer : Finally block will always be executed but there are cases when it will not be executed also :
Case 1 : When we use System.exit();
useTryAndFinally();
try {
System.exit(0);
finally {
Case 2 : If we have any exception in the finally block also, the complete finally block will not be
executed.
static int[] myArray = new int[2];
useTryAndFinally();
try {
finally {
==================================================================================
=======
18-Nov-2024 :
Read the data from Excel :
APACHE POI Library - Java Library

We never call excel file as excel in APACHE POI.
We call it as "workbook".
WORKBOOK
SHEET
ROW
COLUMN
CELL
==================================================================================
=========
REVIEW TASK FOR JAVA :
PROJECT :
School Management System :
Students
Teachers
- Register Students.
- Assign the teachers to Subject.
- Display the details of Teachers.
TO DO :
1. Encapsulation :
Create any class that has private fields for creating getters and setters method.
2.Inheritance
Parent Class -> Person
Child Classes -> Student and Teacher (both the classes have common properties like name, age from
Person class).
3.Polymorphism
Create one class that has method :
behave() -> We have the code how students behaves
behave() -> We have the code how teachers behaves
4.Abstraction
abstractClassForTeacher{
work();
Teacher Class extends this abstract class and implement work method and have some in this work
method.
==================================================================================
==================
Java Project :
In Java Project, we need download the JARS manually and we need to add them in the build Path of
the project.
Maven Project :
We dont need to download any JAR manually and we can simply add the dependencies in POM>xml
file and we are done.
==================================================================================
==================
How to create a MAVEN Project :
Go to File -> New -> Project -> Maven Project -> Next -> Select any quickstart archietype -> Give any
name in artifact ID -> Click FINISH.
In console, We need to write Y
Press Enter.
Maven Project Creation is done (you will see a message as BUILD SUCCESS).
==================================================================================
=================
POM.xml :
<dependencies>
<dependency>
</dependency>
<dependency>
</dependency>
<dependency>
</dependency>
<dependency>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
==================================================================================
==================

JAVA INTRODUCTION

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JAVA INTRODUCTION :

- Java was introduced in 1995 by James Gosling at Sun Microsystems.

- James Gosling is considered as the father of Java.

- Java can used on many platforms and devices.

- Java is a programming language.

Java Key Features :

3 major pillars that we have in JAVA :

1) JDK : Java Development KIT :

A complete toolkit for developing the Java Application or programs.

JDK = JRE + JVM

2) JRE : Java Runtime Enviroment :

3) JVM (Java Virtual Machine) :

- It is a component of JRE which actually execute the code.

Eclipse IDE Setup

write Download Java

JAVA AND ECLIPSE

3) Press Window Button and write cmd

4) Open CMD (Command Prompt)

5) write java -version

1- Press Window Button Again

2- Write Environment Variable

3- Click Environment Variable Button

4- Click PATH under system Variables

5- Click PATH and Click EDIT

7- Go to you JDK installed bin file program files (generally in C drive)

8- Copy this path till bin folder.

9- Paste this in Step 6

Why we are setting up this Environment variable of Java in System Variable :

our system is able to find Java.

Any Questions ???????????????

For mac machines,

1) Write Download Java for Mac in Google.com

2) Open the Oracle Link

4) Click on .dmg file and download will start.

5) Once the download is done, install this file.

7) Run the command as java -version

How to download ECLIPSE in our machine :

1) Write Download Eclipse in google.com

3) Click on Download Button

5) Now, ECLIPSE will be downloaded.

7) Your eclipse will be installed now.

19) Click on "Eclipse IDE for Java Developers".

20) Your Eclipse will be installed in this way.

How to create new Java Project in Eclipse :

4) Select Java Project (Double click on "Java Project" option).

5) Write any Project Name

7) Your Java Project will be created

Right click on this package.

Select checkbox of public static void main

How to create main method in Java :

Inside you class, write "main"

Press CTRL + Space

Select First Option or Press Enter

Whenever Java code runs, it looks for main method

To terminate a line in Java we have to use semicolon ;

To save a program, press CTRL + S

What are the data types in Java :

1) Primitive Data type

2) Non Primitive Data Type

Primitive Data Types :