Welcome

Build a Spring Java Microservice

with Apache Cassandra™
DataStax Developer Advocacy Special Unit
Courses: youtube.com/DataStaxDevs Runtime: dtsx.io/workshop

YouTube

Twitch

Questions: bit.ly/cassandra-workshop Quizz: menti.com

Discord

YouTube
Runtime: dtsx.io/workshop Quizz: menti.com
Disclaimer

This is a coding session. You will need

some experience with the Java language
and have a github account.

You can do these exercises on a local

install, but we will only use Gitpod today
during the workshop

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Hands-on exercise material
- Get your Astra instance here:
- http://dtsx.io/workshop

- Github repo:
- https://github.com/DataStax-Academy/Spring-boot-todo-app

- Driver documentation:
- https://docs.datastax.com/en/developer/java-driver/4.9/

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Intro to Cassandra for Developers

➔ Demo !
➔ Introduction to Astra
➔ Introduction to Spring and Spring Boot
➔ Plan the Spring Application
➔ Working with Datastax drivers
➔ Build and test the basic CRUD app
 What do you do when
you need to learn a new
language ?

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10
Demo

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Intro to Cassandra for Developers

➔ Demo
➔ Introduction to Astra
➔ Introduction to Spring and Spring Boot
➔ Plan the Spring Application
➔ Working with Datastax drivers
➔ Build and test the basic CRUD app
Introduction to Astra

==
Fully managed Cassandra
Without the ops!

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DataStax Astra

Global Scale No Operations 5 Gig Free Tier

Put your data where you need it Launch a database in the cloud
Eliminate the overhead to install,
without compromising performance, with a few clicks, no credit card
operate, and scale Cassandra.
availability, or accessibility. required.
Hands-on prep work: Create your Astra database

- If you are new to Astra, sign up here: dtsx.io/workshop

- add a new keyspace (if you already have one)
- Take a note of the username, password, keyspace of your cluster
- We will be using these defaults:
- keyspace: todoapp
- user name: KVUser
- password: KVPassword
- Download the secure-connect-bundle, this is unique to you and your
database instance

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Get the secure bundle with curl

right-click to copy the link to

clipboard
(refresh page before copy,
link is only ‘fresh’ for short
time)

curl -L "<insert link here>" > creds.zip

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Intro to Cassandra for Developers

➔ Demo !
➔ Introduction to Astra
➔ Introduction to Spring and Spring Boot
➔ Plan the Spring Application
➔ Working with Datastax drivers
➔ Build and test the basic CRUD app
Inversion of control : Know only the interface

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spring.io

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 The Spring Framework provides a comprehensive programming and configuration model
for modern Java-based enterprise applications - on any kind of deployment platform.
spring.io

Core technologies Dependency injection, events, resources, i18n, validation, data binding, AOP.

Web applications Model View Controller (MVC), Rest, Reactive,

Data Access Transactions, DAO support, JDBC, Object Mapping

Testing Mock objects, TestContext

Integrations Remoting, JMS, JCA, JMX, email, tasks, scheduling, cache.

Languages Kotlin, Groovy, dynamic languages.

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Spring Boot Presentation Layer
(Rest API, Controller)
- Create stand-alone Spring applications Inversion of Control

(no need to deploy WAR files)

Business Layer
- Simplify your build configuration (Service, Component)
- Automatically configure Spring and 3rd Inversion of Control
party libraries
- Production-ready features such as Persistence Layer
(Dao, Repository)
- metrics
- health checks Drivers

- externalized configuration

Databases

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Vocabulary

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Intro to Cassandra for Developers

➔ Demo
➔ Introduction to Astra
➔ Introduction to Spring and Spring Boot
➔ Plan the Spring Application
➔ Working with Datastax drivers
➔ Build and test the basic CRUD app
What is a microservice?
Microservices - also known as the microservice architecture - is an architectural
style that structures an application as a collection of services that are
- Highly maintainable and testable
- Loosely coupled
- Independently deployable
- Organized around business capabilities
- Owned by a small team
The microservice architecture enables the rapid, frequent and reliable delivery of
large, complex applications. It also enables an organization to evolve its
technology stack. source: https://microservices.io/

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Microservices, All things distributed
Monolith Multi-Tiers SOA Modern Applications

UI SPA Native Web Components Micro Frontend

Frontend UI UI Multi-channel
Backend for frontend (BFF)

Service
API Gateway Service Mesh
Discovery
ESB
Services Backend SOA Service Service Service Service Microservices
Service Service Service
Service Service Service Service

RDBMS No SQLs DB Ctx1 DB Ctx2 DB Ctx3

Data Data
DATA Layer Data-Mesh
Layer
Hadoop

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Microservices in a nutshell Martin Fowler

Principles:
✔ Organized around Business Capabilities
✔ Products not Projects
✔ Smart endpoints and dumb pipes
✔ Decentralized Governance
✔ Decentralized Data Management
✔ Infrastructure Automation
✔ Design for failure
✔ Evolutionary Design

ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES

-
• Reduce Cost (Scaling, Design) • Complexity (Security, Transaction, Orchestration)

+ • Reduce Risk (resilience)

• Increase Release Speed
• Enable Visibility (security, monitoring)
• Cultural Changes
• Bigger RUN footprint

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 Apache Cassandra MicroServices
• REALTIME REQUESTS & SCALABILITY AT CORE

• DISTRIBUTED ARCHITECTURES
– From ACID to BASE (Basic Availability, Soft-State, Eventual Consistency)
– Implementations: CQRS, Event Sourcing
– Colocate service and Data

• DECOUPLING BY DESIGN
– 1 KEYSPACE = DOMAIN
– 1 QUERY = 1 TABLE

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What service are we building? A ToDo Service

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The REST Api

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The full ToDo app architecture

Swagger

Spring-Web

TodoListRepository

todobackend-cassandra

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The main data entity? Tasks

Tasks
● Task UUID
● title
● completed flag
● order

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Designing the Cassandra datamodel
Entities & Relationships

Queries

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The final task model

todo_tasks CREATE TABLE todoapp.todo_tasks (

uid uuid,
uid UUID K title text,
title TEXT completed boolean,
completed BOOLEAN offset int,
offset INT PRIMARY KEY ((uid))
);

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The ToDoRepository
public interface TodoListRepository {

/** Constants for table todo_tasks to be used in statements */

String TABLE_TODO_TASKS = "todo_tasks";
String TASK_COL_UID = "uid";
String TASK_COL_TITLE = "title";
String TASK_COL_COMPLETED = "completed";
String TASK_COL_OFFSET = "offset";

...

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What are the queries? CRUD for ToDos
List all tasks

Create a new Task

Mark a task as
completed/uncomplete

Delete a task

Delete all

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The ToDoListRepository
public interface TodoListRepository {
...
/**
* Find a task from its unique identifier.
*/
Optional<Todo> findById(UUID uid);

/**
* Create a new {@link Todo} providing only a title.
*/
void upsert(Todo title);

/**
* Delete a task identifier
*/
void delete(UUID uid);
...
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Intro to Cassandra for Developers

➔ Demo
➔ Introduction to Astra
➔ Introduction to Spring and Spring Boot
➔ Plan the Spring Application
➔ Working with Datastax drivers
➔ Build and test the basic CRUD app
Connecting the REST Api to Astra

- Use the Datastax drivers

- Download and use the secure connect bundle
- Pass user name, password, keyspace name and secure connect bundle
to build the cql session
- Astra handles the load balancing to the multinode Cassandra cluster

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Contact points with Astra

- Download and use the secure

connect bundle proxies proxies proxies

- Pass user name, password, Loadbalanced url

keyspace name and secure

2-ways TLS
connect bundle to build the cql Server name
indication (SNI) connection
session

SecureConnectBundle

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Datastax Drivers One of set drivers to connect them all - January 2020

Connectivity Query Parsing Results

● Token & Datacenter Aware ● CQL Support ● Lazy Load

● Load Balancing Policies ● Schema Management ● Object Mapper
● Retry Policies ● Sync/Async/Reactive API ● Spring Support
● Reconnection Policies ● Query Builder ● Paging
● Connection Pooling ● Compression
● Health Checks ● Paging
● Authentication | Authorization
● SSL

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Working with the driver: Open a session
// Explicit Settings

CqlSession cqlSession = CqlSession.builder()

.withCloudSecureConnectBundle(Paths.get("/tmp/secure-connect-bundle.zip"))

.withKeyspace("todoapp")

.withAuthCredentials("KVUser", "KVPassword")

.build();

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File based driver configuration application.conf

datastax-java-driver {
basic {...
Based on Typesafe Config session-keyspace = killrvideo

Attributes are grouped into basic and cloud {

advanced categories secure-connect-bundle = ...

}
A reference file reference.conf provide
}
default values embedded in the jar file. Can be
advanced {
override with key in application.conf.
auth-provider {
Driver searches application.conf in the class = PlainTextAuthProvider
classpath username = KVUser
password = KVPassword
} ...

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Open a session with app.conf

// Delegate all configuration to file or default

CqlSession cqlSession = CqlSession.builder().build();

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Important about the CqlSession

- CqlSession is a stateful object handling communications with each node

- CqlSession should be unique per application (Singleton)
- CqlSession should be closed at application shutdown (shutdown hook) in
order to free opened TCP sockets (stateful)
@PreDestroy
public void cleanup() {
if (null != cqlSession) {
cqlSession.close();
}
}

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Hands-on Exercise 1:
Test the connection to Astra
mvn test
-Dtest=com.datastax.examples.ConnectivityToAstraExplicitTest#should_connect_to_Astra_static

mvn test
-Dtest=com.datastax.examples.ConnectivityToAstraWithConfTest#should_connect_to_Astra_withConfig

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Working with the driver: Execute queries

- First job of CqlSession is to execute queries using the execute method.

cqlSession.execute("SELECT * FROM todoapp.tasks");

Statement

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Working with the driver: Simple Statements
Statement statement = …

// (1) Explicit SimpleStatement Definition

SimpleStatement.newInstance("select * from t1 where c1 = 5");

// (2) Externalize Parameters (no name)

SimpleStatement.builder("select * from t1 where c1 = ?")
.addPositionalValue(5);

// (3) Externalize Parameters (name)

SimpleStatement.builder("select * from t1 where c1 = :myVal")
.addNamedValue("myVal”, 5);

cqlSession.execute(statement);

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Working with the driver:
Prepare and bind a statement
- Compiled once on each node automatically as needed
- Prepare each statement only once per application
- Use one of the many bind variations to create a BoundStatement

PreparedStatement ps = cqlSession.prepare("SELECT * from t1 where c1 = ?");

BoundStatement bound = ps.bind(5);

cqlSession.execute(bound);

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Working with the driver: ResultSets
- ResultSet is the object returned for executing query. It contains ROWS (data) and
EXECUTION INFO.
- ResultSet is iterable and as such you can navigate from row to row.
- Results are always paged for you (avoiding memory and response time issues)

ResultSet rs = cqlSession.execute(myStatement);

// Plumbery
ExecutionInfo info = rs.getExecutionInfo();
int executionTime = info.getQueryTrace().getDurationMicros();

// Data: NOT ALL DATA RETRIEVED IMMEDIATELY (only when needed .next())
Iterator<Row> iterRow = rs.iterator();
int itemsFirstCall = rs.getAvailableWithoutFetching();

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Parsing ResultSets

// We know there is a single row (eg: count)

Row singleRow = resultSet.one();

// We know there are not so many results we can get all (fetch all pages)
List<Row> allRows = resultSet.all();

// Browse iterable
for(Row myRow : resultSet.iterator()) {
// .. Parsing rows
}

// Use Lambda
rs.forEach(row -> { row.getColumnDefinitions(); });

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Parsing Rows
// Sample row
Row row = resultSet.one();

// Check null before read

Boolean isUsernNameNull = row.isNull("userName");

// Reading Values from row

String userName1 = row.get("username", String.class);
String userName2 = row.getString("username");
String userName3 = row.getString(CqlIdentifier.fromCql("username"));

// Tons of types available

row.getUuid("userid");
row.getBoolean(”register");
row.getCqlDuration(”elapsed");
…

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Hands-on Exercise 2:
Set up schema and test inserts

mvn test -Dtest=com.datastax.examples.CreateSchemaInAstraTest#should_create_expected_table

mvn test -Dtest=com.datastax.examples.CRUDWithAstraTest#test_Insert

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Intro to Cassandra for Developers

➔ Demo
➔ Introduction to Astra
➔ Introduction to Spring and Spring Boot
➔ Plan the Spring Application
➔ Working with Datastax drivers
➔ Build and test the basic CRUD app
Building the REST API with Spring Boot
@Repository("todobackend.repo.cassandra-driver")
public interface TodoRepository { public class TodoListRepositoryCassandraDriverImpl
//schema definition implements TodoListRepository {
//query definitions
} @Autowired
public CqlSession cqlSession;

@Configuration
@RestController
public class CassandraDriverConfig {
@RequestMapping("/api/v1/todos")
@Bean
public class TodoListRestController {
public CqlSession cqlSession() {
@Autowired
return CqlSession.builder().build();
@Qualifier("todobackend.repo.cassandra-dri
}
ver")
}
private TodoListRepository todoRepository;
...
}
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Hands-on Exercise 3:
Configure and run the application

mvn spring-boot:run

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Hands-on Exercise 4:
Test CRUD with Swagger

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Bonus Exercise:
Test with Todo MVC, client GUI and API specs

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Learn more?
Micro-service REST Micro-service GraphQL

https://bit.ly/31RL62I https://bit.ly/2MVicup

Micro-service GRPC Micro-service Kafka

https://bit.ly/2pofk0b https://bit.ly/2JwsFdM

Reactive with Webflux Micro-service Serverless

https://bit.ly/34ePzhL https://bit.ly/31VQz8G

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