BASICSTEPSTOWARDSDRAWINGA HUMANBODY

Aguideforbeginners

01

HeadProportions
ThesenotesbySanIakob TobeusedbymyDA friends http://saniakob.deviantart.com/ 2009SantiagoSurezPosadasMisionesArgentina

Introduction
Hello! Letsstartajourneytowardsthefascinatingworldofdrawingahumanbody. Beforegoingon,Iwantyoutoknowthatyouarefreetoaskmeasmanyquestionsas youlikeasmanytimesasyouneed. Thesenotesareintendedtogiveyouanintroductiontocertainaspectsyoushould bearinmindatthetimeofdrawing(inthiscase)ahumanbody. Isayanintroductionbecausetherealwaywillbewalkedbyyourselfthroughpractice andwatching.Practicewillhelpyoutoprogressivelyincorporatedrawingskillssuchas domainofshadings,diversityoflinestylesandsoon.Buttherealchallengeistolearnto watch,toseedetailsWhy?Becausebeforeyouarefullycapableofdrawingaperson(or anyotherthing)withoutusingareference(eitherarealpersonoraphotograph)youneed toknowverywellwhatyouareactuallydrawing. Nowifyoualreadydraw,perhapsyouarefamiliar(byintuitionornaturaltalent)with someofthestuffwillbedealinghere,sothewholethingwillbemucheasier. RememberthatallthatissaidhereisAGUIDEnotaRULEtobeblindlyobeyed.Every personisdifferentonefromtheother,sothereisnomagicalformulatodrawthemonly guides.Eventhoughweareallanatomicallydifferent,weallhavelimbsinthesameplace andourfaceshaveallthesameorganstheguidedealswiththatthethingsweallhave incommon.Tomakearealisticportraitofaparticularperson,youwillneedyourabilityof watchingthedetailsofthatpersonsface,whichistheonlytoolyouneedtomakeyour drawinglookliketherealperson AttheendIleavealittlehomeworkifyouwantsendmeyourimagessowecan correctandsolveanydoubt. AlsofeelfreetocorrectmyEnglishmistakessinceitisnotmynativelanguage. Alsoifyounoticeaconceptualerror,pleasetellme.IamnotGodandIdontknow everything NotemeatDeviantArt orsendmeanemailto suarezsantiago@hotmail.com Ithinkwecanstartrightnow
http://saniakob.deviantart.com/

Thehumanhead
Inthisfirstissuewewilldealwiththehumanhead. Thefirstthingtorememberisthateitherthemaleasthefemaleheadsarestructurally identical. Whatdoyoumeanbystructurallyidentical? Simple,everythingisinthesameplaceforbothmenandwomen Nowrememberthat: Adultpeopleheads Adolescentsheads Childrenheads Babiesheads Arenotproportionallyequal! Thatis,thataspeoplegrowoldthesizesandshapesoftheirorgansaswellasthe placeswheretheyaresituatedonthefaceCHANGE.Forexamplededistancebetweenthe noseandtheupperlipofababyisshorterthanthedistanceonanadultpersonsfaceor thesizeoftheeyesofbabies,inrelationwiththesizeoftheirheads,isbiggerthananadult size Letsstartwithadultsheads.

HowdoIknowwhatistherightproportionandtheproperstructureofahead?
HereiswhereweuseourfirsttooltheCANON. Acanonisasortofmapoftheheadandface(theresanothersetforthewholebody). Itisagridthatshowsyouwhereapproximatelyshouldbeplacedeverythingandwhat sizethingsshouldhave(alsoapproximately). Canonswheredevelopedduringtherenaissanceperiod.Theywerecreatedtoanswer aneedofthemomentwhichwastheseekofrightproportions.Peopleofthattime startedtowritedowneverythingtheywatchedinordertolearnasmuchastheycould fromnature,theyalsofollowedtheclassicGreekparadigmsoneofthemwasbeauty definedastherightproportionoftheparts.Thishasalongerexplanation,butIdont wanttoboreyou TheimageoftheVitruviusManthatIuseinthecoverofthesenotesisanexampleof acanon.ItwascreatedbyLeonardoDaVincitoshowtheperfectionoftheproportionsof thehumanbody.Asyoumayinfer,geometryandmathematicsweremostimportantto determinetherightproportions(whichisbeauty).So,themoregeometricallyand mathematicallyperfect,themorebeautifulthethingwas Inpresentdays,itwasscientificallyprovedthatthefacesthatwefindmoreattractive (orthethingswefindmorebeautiful)havemathematicallyperfectproportionsdidyou knowthat? Sothecanon(ormap,orgrid)weusetodrawhumanheadsandbodiesisfromthat time.ThereforetheyareIDEALproportions.Inafewcasesinreallifeyouwillfindthat thoseproportionsare100%presentinafaceorhead(sayBradPittsorAngelinasfaces). SoasIsaid,thecanonisaGENERALGUIDEyourmainchallengewillbetowatch

carefullyyourmodelsfacestofindhowtoadjusttheirphysiognomytothecanon proportionsitsoundsdifficultbutitisnt,Ipromise. MakefriendofCANONS(notthecameras).Ifyoueverfoundyourdidntlikeyour recentlydrawnportraitthattookyoulike300hourstofinishbecausetheeyesaretoo small,oroneisbiggerthantheother,orthemouthisweirdCanonswillhelpyouto preventthosetimewastersdilemmas. LETSDRAW! O!Iforgottosaythat,ofcourse,thesenotesarealsousefulforpainting,foranime, manga,comicsandGodknowsforwhatelse. Traditionalportraitsaredrawnfromthreedifferentviews. Frontview Profileview profileview(thosewhichareneithercompletefront norcompleteprofile) Onceyoudomainthisthree,youwillbeabletotweakthemtodrawother(more difficult)headpositions. Thefirsttwoarethemosteasiertodo(atleastforme).Soletsstartwiththose.

LetmeintroduceyoutomymodelpeoplethisisHeadHeadthisispeople. Hello. IamHeadandIam themosthandsome boyyouwilleversee.

Letsstartbuildingourcanon 1.Thefirstthing weneedtodoisto determineour workspace.Sowe startbydrawinga rectanglearound Headshead.Note thatthelinesare enclosingtheskull, thatswhythehair andpartofthe earsareleft outside. 2.Nownoticethat thegeneralshape oftheheadisan ellipse.

3.Followingstepis tomarkthemiddle pointsbydrawing linesthatcutthe rectanglesides into2equalparts. Notethatthe horizontalmiddle linepasses throughthe middleofthe eyes! 4a.Nowweneed todividethe heightofthe rectangleinto5 equalparts.

4b.Extendthe linesallthrough therectangleand seewhathappens!

Theeyesare perfectly enclosedbythe lines(2,4)

 Oneeyeandthe nosehaveboth thesamewidth! (3)

Thedistance betweenaneye andthehead edgeisalsoone eyewidth!(1,5)

Inconclusionthe headwidthis equaltofive timesthewidth ofaneye

Theeyewidthismostimortant.So,forclarity,frommowonthatmeasurewillbecalledX 5.TakeXandflipit toavertical position. Nowdrawa horizontallineall throughthe rectangle. Yes!Thebottomof thelowerlip touchesthatline.

6.Nowontopof thatlinedraw anotherlineata distanceofX Thebottomofthe noseandtheears touchthatline.

Tocompletethe mouththeresno linebuthalfX (thatisX/2)can help.

FromnowonX+XequalsY,ok? 7.Nowdrawaline ontopoftheother ataYdistance. Thetopoftheears andtheeyebrows touchthatline.

8.Repeatthe previousstep. Thetopendofthe foreheadtouches thatline.

Thepartthatsleft isanotherXsize. Inconclusion.A headheightis equalto7X,or3 Yandahalf.

Tocompletethe heirandwidthof theearscalculate X/2 Also,thecornerof themouthis approximately X/2.

Ok.NowwehaveourCanontodrawanadultheadfromafrontview. Trytomemorizeit. Innextissueswewillwithothercanonsandeachfacefeaturespecifically.Sodont panic. Rememberthatpeoplefromwithotherethnicityhaveslightmodificationsin theircanons.

Homework. Takemagazinesoranyphotoyoucanfindanddraw thecanonofthosefacesThiswillhelpyoutomemorize theproportionsandwillshowyouhoweachfaceis different,therefore,youwillhavetofindthewayto adaptthecanontotheirfacessomewillhavebigger earsorforeheads,othersmallorhugenoses;whatyou willsurelyfindisthatthedistancebetweentheeyesis notaneyewidth Makethecanonofyourownface. Makethecanonofyourfriendsorrelatives _Trytomakethecanonofpeopleyoufindbeautiful.Try tomakethecanonofpeopleyoudontfindbeautiful.Try tofigureoutinwhichcasesyouneededtomakemore canonadjustments Veryimportant.seotherpeoplesdrawingsand paintingstoseehowtheysolvefacedrawing problems promiseyouthatwillbemuchfun! Thishomeworkistobedonewithphotosbecauseitis easiertotakemeasuresTherearetechniquestotake measuresfordrawingbuttheywillbeexplainedlater.

InthenextpageIleaveacanonguidetoprintifyouwant.Seeyou!

AdultHeadCanonFrontView
Width:5XHeight:7X(x=aneyewidth)