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KENDRIYA VIDYALAYA SANGATHAN BHUBANESWAR REGION

FIRST PRE-BOARD EXAMINATION 2024-25


SUB-PHYSICS
CLASS – XII
SET 1
Maximum Marks: 70 Time Allowed: 3 hours
General Instructions
(1) There are 33 questions in all. All questions are compulsory.
(2) This question paper has five sections: Section A, Section B, Section C, Section D and Section E.
(3) All the sections are compulsory.
(4) Section A contains sixteen questions, twelve MCQ and four Assertion Reasoning based of 1
mark each, Section B contains five questions of two marks each, Section C contains seven
questions of three marks each, Section D contains two case study-based questions of four marks
each and Section E contains three long answer questions of five marks each.
(5) There is no overall choice. However, an internal choice has been provided in one question in
Section B, one question in Section C, one question in each CBQ in Section D and all three questions
in Section E. You have to attempt only one of the choices in such questions.
(6) Use of calculators is not allowed.
(7) You may use the following values of physical constants wherever necessary
e = 1.6 x 10-19 C c = 3 x 108 m/s me = 9.1 x10-31 kg
mp = 1.7 x10-27 kg h = 6.63 x10-34 J s ε0 = 8.854 x10-12 C2 N-1 m-2
1
 9  109 N m2 C –2 μo= 4 π x 10−7 T m A−1
4 0

[SECTION-A]
Q1. In the given figure, two positive charges q2 and q3 fixed along the y axis, exert a net electric
force in the + x direction on a charge q1 fixed along the x axis. If a positive charge Q is added at (x,
0), the force on q1

(A) shall increase along the positive x-axis.


(B) shall decrease along the positive x-axis.
(C) shall point along the negative x-axis.
(D) shall increase but the direction changes because of the intersection of Q with q2 and q3

Q2 Two uniformly charged spherical conductors A and B of radii 5 mm and 10 mm are separated
by a distance of 2 cm. If the spheres are connected by a conducting wire, then in equilibrium
condition, the ratio of the magnitude of electric fields at the surface of the spheres A and B will
be

1
(A) 1:2 (B) 2:1 (C) 1:1 (D) 1:4
Q3 In a parallel plate capacitor with air between the plates, each plate has an area of 6 X 10-3
m2and the distance between the plates is 3 mm. The capacitance of the capacitor will be
(A) 16 pF (B) 18 pF (C) 20 pF (D) 0 pF
Q4 An electric current is passed through a circuit containing two wires of same material,
connected in parallel. If the lengths and radii of the wires are in the ratio of 3:2 and 2:3, then
the ratio of the current passing through the wires
(A) 2:3 (B) 3:2 (C) 8:27 (D) 27:8
Q5 Two wires of the same length are shaped into a square of side ‘a’ and a circle with radius ‘r’. If
they carry same current, the ratio of their magnetic moment is
(A) 2 :  (B)  : 2 (C)  :4 (D) 4 : 
Q6 In a series LCR circuit, the capacitance is changed from C to C/4. For the resonant frequency
to remain unchanged, the inductance should be changed from L to nL, where n is
1 1
(A) 2 (B) 2 (C) 4 (D) 4
Q7. Correct match of column I with column II is
C-1 ( waves ) C-II ( wavelength range )
(1) Infra-red P. > 0.1 m
(2) Radio Q. 700 nm to 400 nm
(3) Light R. 0.1 m to 1 mm
(4) Microwave S. 1mm to 700 nm

(A) 1-P, 2-R, 3-S,4-Q (B) 1-S, 2-P, 3-Q, 4-R


(C) 1-Q,2-P, 3-S, 4-R (D) 1-S, 2-R, 3-P, 4-Q
Q8. In the wave picture of light, the intensity I of light is related to the amplitude A of the wave as
1
(A) I  √𝐴 (B) I  A (C) I  A2 (D) I  𝐴2

Q9. The coherence of two light sources means that the light waves emitted have
(A) same frequency (B) same intensity
(C) constant phase difference (D) same velocity
Q10. A small air bubble in a glass sphere of radius 2 cm appears to be 1 cm from the surface when
looked at, along a diameter. If the refractive index of glass is 1.5, then the true position of the
air bubble will be
(A) -1.5 cm (B) -2.0 cm (C) 1.4 cm (D) -1.2 cm
Q11. The ground state energy of hydrogen atom is -13.6 eV. The potential energy of an electron in
the second excited state is
(A) -3.02 eV (B) -1.70 eV (C) -0.85 eV (D) -1.51 eV
Q12. At equilibrium, in a p-n junction diode the net current is
(A) due to diffusion of majority charge carriers.
(B) due to drift of minority charge carriers.
(C) zero as diffusion and drift currents are equal and opposite.
(D) zero as no charge carriers cross the junction.

2
For Questions 13 to 16, two statements are given –one labelled Assertion (A) and other
labelled Reason (R). Select the correct answer to these questions from the options as
given below.
A. If both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
B. If both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not the correct explanation of
Assertion.
C. If Assertion is true but Reason is false.
D. If both Assertion and Reason are false.
Q13. Assertion (A): To increase the range of an ammeter, a high resistance in series must be
connected to it.
Reason (R): The ammeter with increased range should have high resistance.
Q14. Assertion (A): de-Broglie waves are not electromagnetic waves.
Reason (R): Electromagnetic waves are associated with accelerated charge particles.
Q15. Assertion (A): Angular momentum of single electron in any orbit of hydrogen type atoms is
independent of the atomic number of the element
Reason (R): In ground state angular momentum is minimum.
Q16 Assertion (A) : Binding energy per nucleon is nearly constant for middle mass nuclei (30 < A
< 170).
Reason (R): Nuclear force is short ranged in nature.
[ SECTION – B]
Q17. Draw a schematic arrangement of the Geiger-Marsden experiment. What is impact
parameter? How it is related with angle of scattering of α-particles.
Q18. (I) In a Young’s double slit experiment, fringes are obtained on a screen placed a certain
distance away from the slits. If the screen is moved by 5 cm towards the slits, the fringe width
changes by 30 m. Given that the slits are 1 mm apart, calculate the wavelength of the light
used.
OR
(II) In Young’s double slit experiment using monochromatic light of wavelength , the intensity
of light at a point where path difference is /3, is K units. What is intensity at the centre of
the bright fringe?

Q19. P and Q are two identical charged particles each of mass 4 × 10–26 kg and charge 4.8 × 10–19
C, each moving with the same speed of 2.4 × 105 m/s as shown in the figure. The two
particles are equidistant (0.5 m) from the vertical Y -axis. At some instant, a magnetic field B is
switched on so that the two particles undergo head-on collision.

Find –
(I) the direction of the magnetic field and

3
(II) the magnitude of the magnetic field applied in the region.
Q20. Draw a graph showing the variation of binding energy per nucleon as a function of mass
number A. The binding energy per nucleon for heavy nuclei (A > 170) decreases with the
increase in mass number. Explain.
Q21. A potential difference V is applied to a conductor of length l, diameter D. How are the electric
field E, the drift velocity vd and the resistance R affected when (i) V is doubled (ii) l is
doubled.
[ SECTION – C]
Q22. Draw the circuit diagrams for obtaining the V-I characteristics of a p-n junction diode.
Explain briefly the salient features of the V-I characteristics in (i) forward biasing, and (ii)
reverse biasing.
Q23. A parallel plate capacitor is charged by a battery. After sometime the battery is disconnected
and a dielectric slab of dielectric constant K with its thickness equal to the plate separation is
inserted between the plates. How it will affect
(i) the capacitances of the capacitor
(ii) potential difference between the plates
(iii) the energy stored in the capacitors.
Justify your answer in each case.
Q24. Draw a labelled ray diagram showing the formation of an image by an astronomical refracting
telescope in normal adjustment. Hence obtain the expression for its magnifying power.
Q25. A sinusoidal input voltage applied to a device (X) produces an output voltage as shown in the
graph given below. Name the device (X) and explain its working with the help of circuit
diagram.

Q26. On a smooth plane inclined at 30o with the horizontal, a thin current-carrying metallic rod is
placed parallel to the horizontal ground. The plane is located in a uniform magnetic field of
0.15 T in the vertical direction. For what value of current can the rod remain stationary? The
mass per unit length of the rod is 0.30 kgm-1.
Q27. (i) A ray of light incident on face AB of an equilateral glass prism, shows minimum deviation of
30o. calculate the speed of light through the prism.
(ii) Find the angle of incidence on face AB, so that the emergent ray grazes along the face
AC.

4
Q28. (I) State Gauss's law in electrostatics. Using this law, derive an expression for the electric
field due to a uniformly charged infinite plane sheet.
OR
(ii) (a) Define electric flux and write its SI unit.
(b) Use Gauss’s law to obtain the expression for the electric field due to an infinitely long
straight wire of linear charge density.
.
[ SECTION – D]
Q29. Case Study Based Question
Ferromagnetic substances are those which are strongly magnetised by relatively weak
magnetic field and in the same sense as the applied magnetic field. Iron nickel, cobalt,
gadolinium and their alloys are ferromagnetic. These substances have relative permeability of
the order of hundreds and thousands. The flux density B in a ferromagnetic substance is not
𝐵
directly proportional to the magnetizing force H. Hence the permeability (µ = ) is not a
𝐻
constant. The permeability decreases with rise in temperature. Above curie temperature, a
ferromagnetic substance becomes a paramagnetic substance.
(i) Which of the following is incorrect statement?
(a) Magnetic intensity is a vector quantity.
(b) Induced magnetization is a process where you can magnetise a magnetic material
placing near magnet.
(c) Magnetic intensity and intensity of manetisation are the same.
(d) None of these.
(ii) SI unit of magnetic flux is
(a) Ohm (b) Weber (c) Tesla (d) Weber/m2
(iii) Which of the following has higher magnetic susceptibility?
(a) Diamagnetic (b) paramagnetic (c) Ferromagnetic (d) None of these
(iv) The magnetic susceptibility  of a ferromagnetic material varies with temperature (T) as

5
OR
(V) There are four light-weight rod samples A,B,C,D separately suspended by threads. A bar
magnet is slowly brought near each sample and the following observations are noted
(I) A is feebly repelled. (II) B is feebly attracted.
(III) C is strongly attracted (IV) D remains unaffected.
Which of the following is correct?
(a) C is of diamagnetic material. (b) D is of a ferromagnetic material.
(c) A is of a non-magnetic material. (d) B is of a paramagnetic material.
Q30. Case Study Based Question
The salient features of photoelectric effect are enumerated below.
An electromagnetic wave travels in the form of discrete packets or bundles of energy
called quanta or photon. All photons emitted by any source travel through free space carrying
an energy E=h and momentum p = h/. The photon energy depends on the frequency  of
the radiation and not its intensity. The transfer of discrete amount of energy from a photon to
a free electron inside the photosensitive metal is the basic cause of photoelectric emission.
(i) Above the threshold frequency the maximum kinetic energy of the emitted photo-
electrons increases linearly with
(a) intensity of incident radiation (b) frequency of incident radiation
(c) apparent time of the incident radiation (d) none of these
(ii) Light of wavelength 200nm falls on a metal surface of work function 4.2 eV. The
maximum kinetic energy of the electrons emitted is about
(a) 6.2 eV (b) 2.0 eV (c) 4.2 eV (d) 4.0 eV
(iii) The threshold frequency for photoelectric effect on a metal corresponds to a wavelength
of 300 nm. Its work function is about
(a) 4.0 x 10-19 J (b) 1 J (c) 6.6 x 10-19 J (d) 3.3 X 10-19 J
(iv) The stopping potential for a photoelectric emission process is 2V. Find the maximum
kinetic energy of the electrons ejected in the process.
(a) 3.2 X 10-18 J (b) 1.6 X 10-19 J (c) 3.2 X 10-19 J (d) zero
OR
(v) For which of the following radiations, the cut-off voltage will be maximum
(a) violet (b) ultraviolet (c) X rays (d) infrared

[ SECTION – E]

6
Q31. (I) a) Define resistivity. Explain why resistivity of metals increases and that of semiconductors
decreases with rise in temperature.
b) A series battery of 6 lead accumulators each of emf 2.0 V and internal resistance 0.50 
is charged by a 100 V d.c. supply. What series resistance should be used in the charging
circuit in order to limit the current to 8.0 A? Using the required resistor , obtain the power
supplied by the d.c. source.
OR
(II) a) Using Kirchhoff's laws obtain the equation of the balanced state in a Wheatstone bridge.
b) Two cells of emfs 1.5 V and 2 V and internal resistances 2  and 1  respectively have their
negative terminals joined by a wire of 6  resistance and positive terminals by a wire of 4 
resistance . A third resistance wire of 8  connects middle points of these wires. Draw the
circuit diagram. Using Kirchhoff laws, find the potential difference at the end of this third wire.
Q32. (I) Explain briefly, with the help of a labelled diagram, the basic principle of the working of
an a.c. generator.
In an a.c. generator, coil of N turns and area A is rotated at an angular velocity ω in a uniform
magnetic field B. Derive an expression for the instantaneous value of the emf induced in coil.
What is the average value of emf in one complete revolution of the coil?
What is the source of energy generation in this device?
OR
(II) a) With the help of a diagram, explain the principle of a device which changes a low ac voltage
into a high voltage . Deduce the expression for the ratio of secondary voltage to the primary
voltage in terms of the ratio of the number of turns of primary and secondary winding. For an
ideal transformer, obtain the ratio of primary and secondary currents in terms of the ratio of
the voltages in the secondary and primary coils.
b) Write any two sources of the energy losses which occur in actual transformers.
c) A step-up transformer converts a low input voltage into a high output voltage. Does it violate
law of conservation of energy? Explain.
Q33 (I) a) Draw a ray diagram showing the formation of a real image of an object placed at a
distance ‘u’ in front of a concave mirror of radius of curvature ‘R’. Hence, obtain the relation
for the image distance ‘v’ in terms of u and R.
b) A 1.8m tall person stands in front of a convex lens of focal length 1 m, at a distance of
5m. Find the position and height of the image formed.
OR
(II) a) Draw a ray diagram showing refraction of a ray of light through a triangular glass prism.
Hence obtain the relation for the refractive index (n) in terms of angle of prism (A) and angle
of minimum deviation (m )
b) The radii of curvature of the two surfaces of a concave lens are 20 cm each. Find the
refractive index of the material of the lens if its power is -5.0 D.

7
Marking Scheme Pre Board-1 2024-25

Sub- Physics class XII

SET 1
Q NO EXPECTED ANSWERS MARKS TOTAL
MARKS
SECTION A 1

1 (A) 1

2 (B) 2 :1 1

3 (B) 18 pF 1

4 (C) 8:27 1

5 (c)  : 4 1

6 (c) n= 4 1

7 (B) 1

8 (C ) I  A2 1

9 (C ) Constant phase difference 1

10 ( D ) - 1.2 cm 1

11 (A) – 3.02 eV 1

12 (C) zero as diffusion and drift currents are equal and opposite. 1

13 (D) 1

14 (A) 1

15 (B) 1

16 (A) 1

SECTION B
17 Correct diagram 1 2
Definition ,relation 0.5+0.5
18  =D/d ’ = D’/d 0.5 2
(D−D’)
-’=
𝑑 0.5
(−’)d
= 𝐷−𝐷′
 = 600 nm
1

OR
Formula of intensity at the maxima 1

1
1
Simplification for I= 4K

19 (I)The direction of the magnetic field is perpendicular and inward into the plane of 0.5M 2
the paper
(II)For a head-on collision to take place, the radius of the path of each ion should be
equal to 0.5 m.
𝑚𝑣 0.5
R= = 0.5 m
𝑞𝐵
𝑚𝑣 4 𝑋 10−26 𝑋 2.4 𝑋 105 0.5
B= =
𝑞𝑟 4.8 𝑋 10−19 𝑋 0.5
B= 0.04 T 0.5
20 Graph of Ebn vs A 1 2
Explanation 1
21 E= V/l 0.5 2
vd= Ee/m = eV/ml
When V is doubled E is doubled, Vd is doubled, R remains unchanged
When l is doubled, E and vd becomes half and R becomes double.
SECTION-C

22 Ckt dig. forward bias 0.5 3


Ckt diag reverse bias 0.5
V-I characteristics forward bias with explanation 1
V-I characteristics Reverse bias with eplanation 1
23 (i) the capacitance C’ becomes K times the original capacitance. (1) 3
(ii) potential difference V’ decreases and becomes 1/K times of original value (1)
(iii) Energy stored U’ becomes 1/K times the original energy
(1)
24 Ray diagram for astronomical telescope in normal adjustment 1 3
Expression for magnifying power 2
25 Name of the device 0.5 3
Circuit diagram for Full wave rectifier 1.5
Working 1
26 3
0.5

Forces acting on the rod are (i) weight Mg acting vertically downward 1
Horizontal force Fm= IlB due to the vaertical magnetic field B
Mg Sin 30o= IlB Cos 30o
I =( M/l) (g tan 30o/B) 1
= 11.32 A 0.5
27 Prism formula 0.5 3
𝑆𝑖𝑛 45 1 0.5
= sin 30 = √2x 2 = √2
= speed of light in vacuum/speed of light in prism
0.5
V= c/= 3 x108 / √2 m/s
(ii) e = 90 0.5
Snells law sin c/ sin e =1/ √2 0.5+0.5
I= sin-1 (√2 ),r2=450,r1=150 ,i=sin-1(√2sin150
28 (i) Gauss law statement 0.5 3
Derivation for E due to charged infinite plane sheet with diagram 2.5
2
OR
Electric flux 0.5
Unit 0.5
Expression for E due to infinitely long straight wire 2
29 (i) c 1 4
(ii) b 1
(iii) c 1
(iv) b 1
Or (v) ( d)
30 (i) b 1 4
(ii) a 1
(iii) c 1
(iv) c 1
Or c

31 (I) (a) Resistivity definition 0.5 5


Variation with temp for metals 1
Variation with temp for semiconductors 1
(b) resistance R = 8 1.5
Power supplied by DC source = 800 W 1

Or
Diagram of wheat stone bridge 0.5
Equation of balanced state 1.5

0.5

0.5
R1= R2=4/2 = 2 
R3= R4= 6/2 = 3 

Applying Kirchoff laws and solving


I1= 5/146 A I2= 18/146 A
Current through 8 resistance I1 + I2 = 23/146 A 1.5
P.D across ends of 8 resistance = 23/146 X 8 = 1.26 V 0.5

3
32 Diagram 1 5
Principle of working 1
Derivation of emf 2
Avg value = 0 1/2
1/2
Source is Mechanical energy

Or

Principle 1
Diagram 1
Derivation 1.5
Energy losses 1
No violation of principle of conservation of energy 0.5
33. (I) Ray diagram showing formation of real image in a concave mirror 1

Obtaining relation between u,v,R 2


Position of image formed 1
Height of image formed 1
OR

(i) Ray diagram showing refraction of a ray of light through a rectangular glass 1
prism.
2
Obtaining the relation between , A & m
2
Finding refractive index of material of lens  = 1.5

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