Ngày 6/12/2024

ĐỀ ÔN LUYỆN SỐ 1
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to
choose the word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 5
About 50 or so kinds of modern plastic are made from oil, gas, or coal-non-renewable natural
resources. We (1) ___ well over three million tons of the stuff in Japan each year and, sooner or
later, most of it is thrown away. A high proportion of our animal consumption is in the (2) ____
of packaging and this constitutes about seven percent by weight, of our domestic (3) ____ .
Almost all of it can be recycled, but very little of it is, though the plastic recycling industry is
growing fast. The plastics themselves are extremely energy - rich – they have a higher calorific
(4) ____ than coal and one method of “recovery” strongly (5) ____ by plastic manufacturers if
the conversion of waste plastic into a fuel.
Question 1. A. consign B. import C. consume D. remove
Question 2. A. form B. way C. type D. kind
Question 3. A. goods B. refuse C. rubble D. requirements
Question 4. A. effect B. degree C. value D. demand
Question 5. A. argued B. presented C. desired D. favored
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to
choose the word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 5
Ever since it was first possible to make a real robot, people have been hoping for the invention of
a machine that would do all the necessary jobs around the house. If boring and repetitive factory
work could be (1) ________ by robots, why not boring and repetitive household chores too?
For a long time the only people who really gave the problem their attention were amateur
inventors and they came up against a major difficulty. That is, housework is actually very
complex. It has never been one job, it has always been many. A factor robot (2) ________ one
task endlessly until it is reprogrammed to do something else. It doesn’t run the whole factory. A
housework robot on the other hand, has to do several different (3) ________ of cleaning and
carrying jobs and also has to cope (4) ________ all the different shapes and positions of rooms,
furniture, ornaments, cats and dogs. (5) ________, there have been some developments recently.
Sensors are available to help the robot locate objects and avoid obstacles. We have the
technology to produce the hardware. All that is missing the software- the programs that will
operate the machine.
Question 1: A. managed B. succeeded C. made D. given
Question 2: A. carries over B. carries out C. carries off D. carries away
Question 3: A. systems B. types C. ways D. methods
Question 4: A. from B. with C. by D. for
Question 5: A. However B. Therefore C. Besides D. Moreover
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to
choose the word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 5
Last year, there were millions of international tourist arrivals across the globe. Whether they
were students on their (1)______ years looking for overseas adventure, stressed-out workers
hoping to get away for a weekend, or retirees (2)______ to relax in an exotic location- clearly
none of them thought they could find the same experience at home. The question is whether
foreign travel brings more advantages or disadvantages. An obvious positive point is that going
abroad sometimes helps people to expand their knowledge of the world. If they are (3)_____ -
minded, they can learn about new cultures and hopefully gain a more accurate understanding
about their way of life. In addition, there is the economic benefit of tourism to countries which
have few other resources. It can provide an income to many people within the industry.
Having said that, some people simply go to a foreign resort (4)______ by high walls and
therefore learn little about their holiday (5)______. Another issue is that hordes of tourists often
spoil the “unspoilt” places they visit. The most recent example of this is Antarctica, where last
year cruise ships took thousands of visitors to view the disappearing icebergs and wildlife.
Vegetation, nesting penguins and resting walrus are vulnerable when humans intrude.
Question 1: A. space B. break C. pause D. gap
Question 2: A. wish B. wished C. wishing D. to wish
Question 3: A. open B. narrow C. absent D. single
Question 4: A. covered B. surrounded C. sheltered D. stopped
Question 5: A. direction B. destination C. departure D. situation
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to
indicate the correct answer to each of the questions
Any list of the greatest thinkers in history contains the name of the brilliant physicist Albert
Einstein. His theories of relativity led to entirely new ways of thinking about time, space, matter,
energy, and gravity. Einstein's work led to such scientific advances as the control of atomic
energy, even television as a practical application of Einstein's work.
In 1902 Einstein became an examiner in the Swiss patent office at Bern. In 1905, at age 26, he
published the first of five major research papers. The first one provided a theory explaining
Brownian movement, the zig-zag motion of microscopic particles in suspension. The second
paper laid the foundation for the photon, or quantum, theory of light. In it he proposed that light
is composed of separate packets of energy, called quanta or photons, that have some of the
properties of particles and some of the properties of waves. A third paper contained the "special
theory of relativity" which showed that time and motion are relative to the observer, if the speed
of light is constant and the natural laws are the same everywhere in the universe. The fourth
paper was a mathematical addition to the special theory of relativity. Here Einstein presented his
famous formula, E = m(cc), known as the energy mass equivalence. In 1916, Einstein published
his general theory of relativity. In it he proposed that gravity is not a force, but a curve in the
space-time continuum, created by the presence of mass. Einstein spoke out frequently against
nationalism, the exalting of one nation above all others. He opposed war and violence and
supported Zionism, the movement to establish a Jewish homeland in Palestine. When the Nazis
came to power in 1933, they denounced his ideas. He then moved to the United States. In 1939
Einstein learned that two German chemists had split the uranium atom. Einstein wrote to
President Franklin. Roosevelt warning him that this scientific knowledge could lead to
Germany developing an atomic bomb. He suggested the United States begin its own atomic
bomb research.
Question 381: According to the passage l, Einstein's primary work was in the area of
A. chemistry B. biology C. physics D. math
Question 382: Which of the following inventions is mentioned in the passage as a practical
application
of Einstein's discoveries?
A. Radio B. Television C. Automobiles D. Computer
Question 383: According to the passage, Einstein supported all of the following except
A. nationalism
B. the establishment of a Jewish homeland in Palestine
C. atomic bomb research in the United States.
D. the defeat of the Nazis.
Question 384: According to the passage in which country did Einstein live in 1930s?
A. Switzerland B. the United States C. Germany D. Israel
Question 385: The word “exalting” in the passage is closest in meaning to
A. criticism B. elimination C. support D. elevation
Question 386: It is clear from the tone of the passage that the author feels
A. Einstein's work in physics was somewhat tarnished by his conservative political views.
B. Einstein's work in physics, though theoretically impressive, led to few practical applications.
C. Albert Einstein was one of the most brilliant thinkers in history.
D. Einstein's theories have been consistently proven incorrect.
Question 387: According to Einstein, light is composed of separate packets of energy called
A. electrons B. photoelectrons C. gamma rays D. quanta
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to
indicate the correct answer to each of the questions
Garbage cans are not magical portals. Trash does not disappear when you toss it in a can. Yet,
the average American throws away an estimated 1,600 pounds of waste each year. If there are no
magic garbage fairies, where does all that trash go? There are four methods to managing waste:
recycling, landfilling, composting, and incinerating. Each method has its strengths and
weaknesses. Let's take a quick look at each. Recycling is the process of turning waste into new
materials. For example, used paper can be turned into paperboard, which can be used to make
book covers. Recycling can reduce pollution, save materials, and lower energy use. Yet, some
argue that recycling wastes energy. They believe that collecting, processing, and converting
waste uses more energy than it saves. Still, most people agree that recycling is better for the
planet than landfilling.
Landfilling is the oldest method of managing waste. In its simplest form, landfilling is when
people bury garbage in a hole. Over time the practice of landfilling has advanced. Garbage is
compacted before it is thrown into the hole. In this way more garbage can fit in each landfill.
Large liners are placed in the bottom of landfills so that toxic garbage juice doesn't get into the
groundwater. Sadly, these liners don't always work. Landfills may pollute the local water supply.
Not to mention that all of that garbage stinks. Nobody wants to live next to a landfill. This
makes it hard to find new locations for landfills. Compositing is when people pile up organic
matter, such as food waste, and allow it to decompose. The product of this decomposition is
compost. Compost can be added to the soil to make the soil richer and better for growing crops.
While composting is easy to do onsite somewhere, like home or school, it's hard to do after the
garbage gets all mixed up. This is because plastic and other inorganic materials must be removed
from the compost pile or they will pollute the soil. There's a lot of plastic in garbage, which
makes it hard to compost on a large scale.
One thing that is easier to do is burning garbage. There are two main ways to incinerate waste.
The first is to create or harvest a fuel from the waste, such as methane gas, and burn the fuel. The
second is to burn the waste directly. The heat from the incineration process can boil water, which
can power steam generators. Unfortunately, burning garbage pollutes the air. Also, some critics
worry that incinerators destroy valuable resources that could be recycled. Usually, the
community in which you live manages waste. Once you put your garbage in that can, what
happens to it is beyond your control. But you can make choices while it is still in your
possession. You can choose to recycle, you can choose to compost, or you can choose to let
someone else deal with it. The choice is yours.
Question 393: Which of the following serves as the best title for this passage?
A. The Magic of Recycling: Bringing Back What Was Once Lost
B. Recycling, Landfilling or Composing: Which is Best for You?
C. Do Your Part How to Save the Earth by Recycling and Composting.
D. Methods of Waste Management: Advantages and Disadvantages
Question 394: According to the passage all of the following are mentioned as an issue with
landfilling EXCEPT that
A. landfills are smelly
B. landfills may pollute the water supply
C. it is difficult to find locations for landfills
D. usable materials are wasted in landfills
Question 395: What does the word “stinks” in paragraph 3 mean?
A. smells unpleasant B. seems dirty C. looks attractive D. feels soft
Question 396: Which of the following best explains why composting is not feasible on a
large scale?
A. People wouldn't want to touch all of that gross rotting food.
B. Plastic would get into the compost and turn it into a pollutant.
C. It would smell too bad in densely populated cities.
D. It would attract rodents that would spread disease.
Question 397: According to the passage which of the following best defines “incineration”?
A. buying waste materials in a large hole
B. allowing waste products to decompose and become fertilizer
C. turning waste materials into products like book covers
D. burning waste materials and harvesting the energy
Question 398: The word “it” in the last paragraph refers to
A. community B. garbage C. waste D. possession
Question 399: According to the passage, how many main ways to incinerate waste?
A. one B. three C. two D. four
Question 400: Which conclusion could be drawn from the passage?
A. Recycling is without a doubt the best way to handle waste.
B. Each method of waste management has its drawbacks.
C. Incineration is the best way to process waste.
D. All large cities should create massive compost piles.
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to
indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
Overpopulation, the situation of having large numbers of people with too few resources and too
little space, is closely associated with poverty. It can result from high population density, or from
low amounts of resources, or from both. Excessively high population densities put stress on
available resources. Only a certain number of people can be supported on a given area of land,
and that number depends on how much food and other resources the land can provide. In
countries where people live primarily by means of simple farming, gardening, herding, hunting,
and gathering, even large areas of land can support only small numbers of people because these
labor-intensive subsistence activities produce only small amounts of food. In developed countries
such as the United States, Japan, and the countries of Western Europe, overpopulation generally
is not considered a major cause of poverty. These countries produce large quantities of food
through mechanized farming, which depends on commercial fertilizers, large-scale irrigation,
and agricultural machinery. This form of production provides enough food to support the high
densities of people in metropolitan areas.
A country’s level of poverty can depend greatly on its mix of population density and agricultural
productivity. Bangladesh, for example, has one of the world’s highest population densities, with
1,147 persons per sq km. A large majority of the people of Bangladesh engage in low-
productivity manual farming, which contributes to the country’s extremely high level of poverty.
Some of the smaller countries in Western Europe, such as the Netherlands and Belgium, have
high population densities as well. These countries practice mechanized farming and are involved
in high-tech industries, however, and therefore have high standards of living.
At the other end of the spectrum, many countries in sub-Saharan Africa have population
densities of less than 30 persons per sq km. Many people in these countries practice manual
subsistence farming; these countries also have infertile land, and lack the economic resources
and technology to boost productivity.
As a consequence, these nations are very poor. The United States has both relatively low
population density and high agricultural productivity; it is one of the world’s wealthiest nations.
High birth rates contribute to overpopulation in many developing countries. Children are assets
to many poor families because they provide labor, usually for farming. Cultural norms in
traditionally rural societies commonly sanction the value of large families. Also, the
governments of developing countries often provide little or no support, financial or political, for
family planning; even people who wish to keep their families small have difficulty doing so. For
all these reasons, developing countries tend to have high rates of population growth.
Question 533. Which of the following is a contributor to overpopulation in many
developing countries?
A. Sufficient financial support B. High-tech facilities
C. High birth rates D. Economic resources
Question 534. The word “infertile” in paragraph 4 probably means ______.
A. inaccessible B. unproductive C. impossible D. disused
Question 535. The phrase “engage in” in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to ______.
A. participate in B. escape from C. look into D. give up
Question 536. Which of the following could be the best title for the passage?
A. High Birth Rate and its Consequences
B. Overpopulation: A Cause of Poverty
C. Overpopulation: A Worldwide Problem
D. Poverty in Developing Countries
Question 537. The phrase “that number” in paragraph 1 refers to the number of ______.
A. countries B. resources C. people D. densities
Question 538. In certain countries, large areas of land can only yield small amounts of food
because ______.
A. there are small numbers of laborers
B. there is a lack of mechanization
C. there is an abundance of resources
D. there is no shortage of skilled labor
Question 539. Which of the following is TRUE, according to the passage?
A. There is no connection between a country’s culture and overpopulation.
B. In certain developed countries, mechanized farming is applied.
C. All small countries in Western Europe have high population densities.
D. In sub-Saharan African countries, productivity is boosted by technology.
Question 540. Bangladesh is a country where the level of poverty depends greatly on
______.
A. its population density only
B. both population density and agricultural productivity
C. population density in metropolitan areas
D. its high agricultural productivity

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best arrangement of
utterances or sentences to make a meaningful exchange or text in each of the following
questions.
Question 1:
a- Despite these changes, the fundamental role of family in shaping individuals remains constant.
b- The concept of family has evolved significantly over the past few decades.
c- While traditional family structures, consisting of a mother, father, and children, were once the
norm, modern families exhibit a wide range of configurations.
d- Family provides a supportive environment where children learn values, develop social skills,
and form lasting bonds.
e- Moreover, families offer emotional support and a sense of belonging, which are essential for
mental well-being.
f- In conclusion, although the definition of family has expanded, its importance in human life
continues to endure.
A. b-a-d-c-e-f
B. b-d-c-a-e-f
C. b-c-a-d-e-f
D. b-c-d-a-e-f
Question 2:
a- Yeah, me too! Music can be a great way to relax and unwind. Plus, it can also boost your
mood.
b- Exactly! It's like a magic potion for the soul.
c- I agree. And music can also help you focus when you're studying or working.
d- Hey, did you know that listening to music can actually reduce stress?
e- Really? That's interesting. I often listen to music when I'm feeling down. It always cheers me
up
A. d-b-a-e-c.
B. d-a-b-e-c
C. d-c-b-a-e
D. d-e-a-c-b
Question 3:
a- Ultimately, volunteering is a rewarding endeavor that benefits both individuals and society as
a whole.
b- Volunteering offers individuals a unique opportunity to make a positive impact on their
communities and personal growth.
c- By dedicating their time and skills to causes they care about, volunteers can develop a sense of
purpose and fulfillment.
d- Through these experiences, volunteers can cultivate empathy, compassion, and a greater
understanding of the world around them.
e- Moreover, volunteering provides a platform for individuals to learn new skills, expand their
networks, and gain valuable experiences.
A. b-d-c-e-a
B. b-c-e-d-a
C. b-d-c-e-a
D. b-c-d-e-a
Question 4:
a- It is necessary that individuals adopt sustainable practices and reduce their carbon footprint.
b- Environmental pollution has become a pressing global issue.
c- The planet is facing numerous threats from air and water pollution, deforestation and climate
change.
d- These environmental problems have far-reaching consequences, including health issues, loss
of biodiversity, and economic instability.
e- By taking action now, we can protect our planet for future generations.
A. c-b-a-e-d
B. b-c-d-a-e
C. b-a-e-c-d
D. c-b-e-a-d
Question 5:
a- I think that's why music has been around for so long. It's a way for us to express ourselves and
connect with others.
b- Exactly. Music is a universal language that connects people from all over the world.
c- I love how music can evoke such strong emotions.
d- Me too! It's amazing how a simple melody can make you feel happy, sad, or even angry.
e- Absolutely. And playing a musical instrument can be a very rewarding experience.
A. a-b-e-c-d
B. a-e-b-c-d
C. c-d-a-b-e
D. c-d-b-a-e