ZOOLgy3
ZOOLgy3
ZOOLgy3
1. Paul Leedy, 2004, Practical Research: Planning and Design (8th Edition), Jeanne Ellis Ormrod
2. Creswell, J. W. (2013). Research Design Quantitatvive Qualitative and Mixed Methods
Approaches. Sage.
3. Hess-Biber, S. N. and P. Leavy. (2004). Approaches to Qualitative Research, A Reader on
Theory and Practice. New York, Oxford University Press.
4. Khan, J.A. (2008). Research Methodology. New Delhi: APH Publishing.
5. Kothari, C.R., & Gaurav, G. (2014). Research Methodology: Methods and Techniques. New
Delhi: New Age International.
6. Kumar, R. (2011). Research Methodology: A Step By Step Guide for Beginners. Cornwall:
SAGE Publications, Inc.
7. Laurel, B. (2003). Design Research, Methods and Perspectives. London England, The MIT
Press.
8. Walliman, N. (2005).Your Research Project, 2nd Edition, A step by step guide for the first-time
researcher. New Delhi, Vistaar Publications.
Course Objectives:
The course aims to:
1. Provide in-depth knowledge of Taxonomy in animal sciences
2. Develop concepts about importance of the Systematics.
3. Study the history of Systematics with basic rules
4. Demonstrate about identifications and naming of the organisms according to international code
of zoological nomenclature.
(Note: Principles of Systematic Zoology 60% and 40% weightage, respectively).
Course Contents:
1. Importance and applications of systematics: Taxonomy in Animal science, Systematics as a
profession and its future perspectives.
2. History of taxonomy: Systematics, basic terminology of Systematics, theories of biological
classifications.
3. Taxonomic characters: Kinds and weightage, micro taxonomy, taxonomic categories: specific
category, intraspecific category, higher categories; Species concept.
4. Typological species concept: Nominalist species concept, biological species concept,
Evolutionary species concept. Kinds of different species, Speciation,
5. Taxonomic procedures, taxonomic collection; their preservation and duration, Taxonomic
keys, different kinds of keys and their merits and demerits.
6. Formation of specific names, brief concept of cladistics, phylogenetics. Theory and practice of
cladistics and phylogenetic systematics.
7. Systematics publications: International code of zoological nomenclature; its objective,
principles, interpretation, application of important rules, with reference to: Zoological
nomenclature, law of priority and validity of names.
Practicals:
1. Study of preserved invertebrate species and their classification upto class level.
2. Collection, preservation and identification of common species with the help of keys.
3. Preparation of keys for the identification of specimens.
4. Methods of statistical analysis of samples from populations T-test, Analysis of variance etc.
Books Recommended:
1. Wiley, E. O. and Lieberman, B. S. 2011. Phylogenetics: Theory and practice of phylogenetic
systematics. 2nd Ed. Wiley-Blackwell.
2. Hill, New York.
3. Mayer, E. and Asblock, P.D. Principles of Systematic Zoology. 1991. McGraw-Hill, New York
52
4. Mayr, E. Animal Species and Evolution, 1985.Harvard University Press.
5. Heywood, V.H. Taxonomy and Ecology. 1975. Academic Press, London.
6. Whili, M.J.D. Modes of Speciation, 1978. W.H. Freeman and Co., San Francisco.
Course Objectives:
The course aims to:
1. Provide information on transmission of traits from the parents in their gametes, the formation of
zygote and its development
2. Impart detailed knowledge about cellular basis of morphogenesis, mechanisms of cellular
differentiation and induction.
3. Provide understanding of the mechanisms of organogenesis, factors controlling growth and
oncogenesis.
Course Learning Outcomes:
Upon successful completion of the course, the student will be able to:
1. Gain familiarity with features that make an organism model for the learning of developmental
biology e.g., fertilization in sea urchin with mammalian like mechanisms.
2. Apprehend the contributions of the sperm and the egg to form zygote
3. Elucidate the problems associated with cell differentiation through fate mapping.
4. Arrange and investigate the classical and modern experiments into “find it”, “block it”, and
“move it” categories
5. Assess the set of experiments that will establish whether a planned aspect is both necessary and
ample to cause a developmental episode
6. Demonstrate the ability to label macromeres, mesomeres, and micromeres and know which
cell types are derived from each of these cell layers in the early embryo (e.g., primary and
secondary mesenchyme, ectoderm, endoderm, and mesoderm).
Course Outline:
1. Introduction
• History and Basic Concepts of Developmental Biology
• Principal features of developmental biology and embryology with special emphasis on
vertebrate models
• Origin of sexual reproduction
• Developmental patterns
2. Spermatogenesis
• Mammalian spermatogenesis as model for all vertebrates
• Spermiogenesis or (spermateliosis)
• The role of Sertoli and Leydig cells in spermatogenesis
• Hormonal control of spermatogenesis
3. Primates Menstrual cycle
4. Oogenesis
• Mechanism of oogenesis among various classes of vertebrates.
• Vitellogenesis
• Hormonal control of Vitellogenesis and oogenesis
5. Fertilization
• External & Internal Fertilization
• Species-specific recognition of sperm and egg
• Fusion of male and female gametes
• Polyspermy: slow and fast blocks to polyspermy
• Activation of egg metabolism
6. IN VITRO Fertilization (IVF)
53