humanities_HB

UNIVERSITY OF GHANA
VOLUME 2
HANDBOOK FOR THE BACHELOR'S DEGREE

COURSE DESCRIPTIONS FOR PROGRAMMES IN THE
HUMANITIES
September, 2014
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© The University of Ghana
A publication of the Academic Affairs Directorate: compiled and typeset by the

Academic Affairs Directorate of the Registrar’s Offices, University of Ghana, Legon.
For all enquiries in connection with this Handbook, write to:
The Director (Academic Affairs Directorate)

University of Ghana
Registrar's Offices
P. O. Box LG 25
Legon
Accra, Ghana
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NOTE TO THE UNDERGRADUATE HANDBOOKS
The current edition of the Undergraduate Handbooks of the University of
Ghana is published in four volumes as follows:
VOLUME 1: REGULATIONS FOR JUNIOR MEMBERS AND STUDENT

FACILITIES
VOLUME 2: COURSE DESCRIPTIONS OF PROGRAMMES IN THE
HUMANITIES
VOLUME 3: COURSE DESCRIPTIONS OF PROGRAMMES IN THE
SCIENCES
VOLUME 4: COURSE DESCRIPTIONS AND REGULATIONS FOR
PROGRAMMES IN THE HEALTH SCIENCES
Undergraduate students should therefore have Volume 1 and either Volume 2,

3 or 4 of the Handbooks, depending on the programme they have been offered.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. University Required Courses.. .. .. .. .. 6-20
2. Sports for Academic Credit Programme.. .. .... 21-26
College of Humanities
3. Business School .. .. .. .. .. 27-62
BSc Administration (Core Courses) .. .. .. 27-31
Department of Accounting .. .. .. .. 31-35
Department of Banking and Finance .. . .. 35-42
Department of Public Administration and
Health Service Management .. .. .. 42-50
Department of Marketing & Customer Management .. 50-58
Department of Organization &
Human Resource Management . .. .. 58-61
Department of Operations Management &
Management Information Systems .. .. .. 61-62
4. School of Languages .. .. .. .. .. 63-161
Department of English .. .. .. .. 63-76
Department of Linguistics
BA Linguistics .. .. .. .. 76-86
BA Ghanaian Language Studies .. .. .. 87-91
Department of Modern Languages .. .. ..
BA Arabic .. .. .. .. .. 92-103
BA Chinese .. .. .. .. .. 103-111
BA Kiswahili .. .. .. .. .. 112-122
BA Russian .. .. .. .. .. 123-134
BA Spanish .. .. .. .. .. 134-147
Department of BA French .. .. .. .. 147-156
Translation .. .. .. .. .. 156-161
5. School of Performing Arts .. .. .. 162-202
BA (Theatre Arts) .. .. .. 162-183
BA (Dance Studies) .. .. .. .. 183-194
BA (Music) & BMus .. .. .. .. 194-202
6. School of Arts .. .. .. .. .. 203-254
Department of Archaeology and Heritage Studies .. 203-211
Department of History .. .. .. .. 211-221
Department of Philosophy & Classics. .. .. 222-236
Department for the Study of Religions .. .. 237-254
7. School of Law.. .. .. .. .. .. .. 255-276
8. School of Social Sciences .. .. .. .. .. 277-342
Department of Economics .. .. .. .. 278-287
Department of Geography
& Resource Development .. .. .. .. 287-301
Department of Political Science .. .. .. 302-312
Department of Psychology .. .. .. .. 313-322
Department of Sociology .. .. .. .. 322-333
Department of Social Work .. .. .. .. 334-342
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College of Education
7. School of Continuing and Distance Education. .. .. 343-352
Department of Information Studies .. .. .. 353-359
Courses from College of Basic and Applied Sciences

Department of Computer Science .. .. .. 360-385
Department of Mathematics .. .. .. 385-394`
Department of Statistics .. .. .. .. 394-409
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UNIVERSITY REQUIRED COURSES
The University has, beginning from the 2010/2011 academic year, introduced a unique general
education programme which is intended to provide a rewarding experience for all students who
undertake undergraduate studies in the University. The interdisciplinary courses in the
programme, which are intended to foster broad student familiarity with key advances in the
humanities, science and technology, are the following:
Course Code Course Title Target Group

UGRC 110 Academic Writing I All students
UGRC 120 Numeracy Skills Students in the Humanities except those offering
Economics, Computer Science, Mathematics,
Statistics and Business Administration
UGRC 131- Understanding Human Students in the Basic and Applied Sciences
136* Societies
UGRC 141- Science and Technology Students in the Humanities
146** in our Lives
UGRC 150 Critical Thinking and All students
Practical Reasoning
UGRC 160 Introduction to Literature Students in the Humanities offering Economics,
Computer Science, Mathematics, Statistics and
Business Administration
UGRC 210 Academic Writing II All students
UGRC 220- Introduction to African All students

238*** Studies
* See write up below on structure for Understanding Human Societies

* *See write up below on structure for Science and Technology in our Lives
* **See write up below on structure for Introduction to African Studies
It is expected that these compulsory courses will, in combination with students’ main areas of
study, produce students who are equipped to meet the development needs of Ghana and Africa,
and equip graduates of the University of Ghana to be confident, rounded scholars, capable of
holding their own with graduates from any part of the world.
NOTE: Details of the semesters in which students of various Schools are expected to take
University Required Courses may be found in the programme structure for each
Department/School.
UGRC 110: Academic Writing I

The main objective of Academic Writing I is to equip students with the language skills that will
enable them to read and write effectively. Students will be taken initially through fundamental
issues in grammar and composition in order to consolidate their language skills in these areas.
Subsequently, reading and writing skills relevant to university work will be introduced. These will
include the structure of the essay, unity, completeness and coherence in essay writing;
summarizing as a skill basic to exposition, writing from sources, referencing skills and avoiding
plagiarism. The course will be taught in small groups and class activities are characterised by
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group work, oral presentations and extensive practical assignments.
UGRC 120: Numeracy Skills

This course is designed for students to acquire basic numeracy skills needed for solving real life
problems. It involves the following: review of basic algebraic skills; rates (fractions, proportions
and percentages); approximating numbers (rounding up of numbers and significant numbers);
mathematical reasoning, (deductive and inductive reasoning); statements; truth tables; necessary
and sufficient conditions; basic set theory; nature and uses of statistics; sources of data; data types
and measurement scales; methods of data manipulation (aggregation and interpretation); basic
probability with illustrations from various disciplines; establishing relationships between
variables, and the use of basic computer packages such as Excel in analyzing data.
UGRC 131-136 Understanding Human Societies

These courses are designed for students pursuing science-related programmes at the undergraduate
level. The aim of the courses is to introduce students to the broad array of issues that shape human
societies. Students are expected to select only one out of the six modules provided: the economy
and business; culture and development; governance in the information society; human behaviour
and the social environment; religion and societies; and language in society.
Descriptions of Modules:
UGRC 131: Understanding Human Societies/Culture and Development
This module introduces students to culture-development linkages. It delineates the basic concepts
of culture, resources and development and how these concepts holistically constitute the basis of
human society. Approaches to understanding human society, both past and present, form the
foundation for understanding cultural formations and the diverse resource usages.
UGRC 132: Understanding Human Societies/Religion and Societies

This module aims at introducing students to the on-going debate on the role of religion in human
societies. It focuses on religious perspectives on social issues and discusses the way religion
impacts social and political structures such as leadership and the family, as well as the
environment. Students will in the end appreciate the synergy between science and religion in
providing the wellbeing of all creation. Topics to be treated will include origins of religion,
science and religion, religion in the modern world, religion and health, religion and the
environment, gender, religion and cultural values.
UGRC 133: Understanding Human Societies/Economy and Business

This module is designed to offer students the opportunity of understanding the environment within
which business operates in Ghana. The module places emphasis on the extent to which
geographical, political, socio-cultural, economic and international forces have shaped the growth
and practice of business and management in Ghana over time. It is also designed to help students
to understand some macroeconomic issues with particular reference to the Ghanaian economy.
More specifically, macroeconomic issues such as inflation, unemployment, poverty, exchange rate
and economic growth will be discussed.
UGRC 134: Understanding Human Societies/Language in Society

This module is aimed at giving students a basic understanding of what language is and how it
works in every human society. The course will help students to appreciate how language is used as
a tool for doing things in the world. It shows how the study of language is at the intersection of the
humanities and the social and natural sciences and how linguists conduct the business of studying
language. Some of the topics to be covered are: the nature and functions of language, the language
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situation in Ghana, language, power and gender, as well as levels of linguistic analysis.
UGRC 135: Understanding Human Societies/Human Behaviour and the Social Environment
This module is designed to introduce students to human behaviour and the social environment.
There are various dimensions to social issues and it is useful for students to get to know a wide
range of these issues that concern them and the people around them. It also adds to their existing
stock of knowledge.
UGRC 136: Understanding Human Societies/Governance in the Information society

This exposes students to the concepts of good governance and the information society, and the
relationship between information and the key elements of good governance such as the rule of law,
transparency and accountability. The module further examines the nature, scope and importance of
governance and the relationship between the various institutions of governance in a modern
society. The way public services ethics promotes good governance is also explored. Finally, the
module takes a look at information literacy and sources of official information.
UGRC 141-146: Science and Technology in our Lives

These courses deal with the application of science to everyday life. The courses will, therefore,
include material to assist students to appreciate the foundations of scientific thought, the
application of science and technology and demands of changing societies for scientific and
technological advancement. The courses are expected to foster broad familiarity with key
advances in science and technology. The courses will be delivered through lectures, tutorials, class
exercises, homework assignments, and examinations.
There are six modules/areas including: Earth Resources, Geohazards, Chemistry and Life, Food
and Nutrition in everyday life, Everyday Physics, and Animals as Friends of Humans. Students are
expected to select only one out of the six modules provided.
UGRC 141: Science and Technology in our Lives/Everyday Physics

The course presents some of the basic principles of physics that are useful for understanding and
explaining everyday physical phenomena. Participants will learn about the laws of motion and
how principles of mechanics are applied in everyday objects such as seat belts and airbags. The
properties of semiconductors and their application to microelectronics will also be discussed. In
addition, concepts in energy, both renewable and non-renewable, electricity, and electrical safety
measures will be discussed.
UGRC 142: Animals as Friends of Humans

The course is a general introduction to animal species and groups commonly found in our
environments - understanding their life styles, their interactions with humans, roles and
contributions to the environment, and how to manage and conserve them. These include
vertebrates, invertebrates like insects, and pathogenic organisms that cause diseases.
UGRC 143: Science and Technology in our Lives/Earth Resources

The earth is endowed with rich resources, many of which are indispensable to mankind. Many of
these resources are covered by the earth and need to be uncovered for easy access and for our
benefit. This course is aimed at providing students with the basic understanding of what resources
are in general; with specific emphasis on earth resources. The course will assist students
appreciate the fundamentals of scientific thought and the application of science and technology in
gaining access to many of the resources that are hidden deep beneath the earth. Some of the topics
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to be covered include: our earth resources, alternative energy sources, groundwater resources,
mineral deposits and fossil fuels.
UGRC 144: Science and Technology in our Lives/Geohazards

The course introduces students to various geological hazards, with an emphasis on an
understanding of the natural processes that operate on our planet Earth, both at the surface and
deep within the interior. The course also examines the causes and effects of these hazards and the
appropriate preventive measures. Processes examined include:
 Earthquakes and associated hazards
 Volcanic activities and hazards related to volcanoes
 Mass wasting and their impact on the environment
 Waste disposal and management problems, and the potential impact of wastes on the
environment
 Medical geology which looks at the processes responsible for the release of chemicals
and naturally occurring dangerous geologic elements onto the environment, the
mechanisms through these elements enter our body and the accompanying health effects
on humans, animals and plants living in that environment
 Greenhouse effect and climate change
 Flooding
UGRC 145: Science and Technology in our lives/Food and Nutrition in Everyday life
This course is designed to offer students the opportunity to understand, know and apply the
principles of the science of food and nutrition to promote health. The course will give an overview
of the differences between nutrition and food science as well as transitions in the food industry and
nutrition. The nutrients in food, food types, food habits and effects, food security, water as a
nutrient, food safety and nutrition will be covered. The significance of breastfeeding in infant
nutrition, health and national development will also be discussed.
UGRC 146: Science and Technology in our lives/Chemistry and Life

This course is aimed at giving students a basic understanding of the application of chemistry to in
our lives. The course will expose students to the importance of the atmosphere and the chemistry
involved in how various pollutants arise as well as how the atmosphere can be protected. Global
warming, the water we drink as well as sources of energy will also be examined. This will enable
students to make informed decisions in these areas on the choices they will make in the near
future.
UGRC 150: Critical Thinking and Practical Reasoning

An essential element in the training of social studies and humanities students is providing a
corrective and diagnostic skill set that enables students to discriminate logically between:
rhetorical ploys that give motives vs. arguments providing good logical reasons for believing an
assertion. Students need to recognise the contrast between inductive and deductive reasoning and
the different types of support yielded by each, to evaluate the quality of evidence confirming an
empirical hypothesis about human conduct, to maintain individual professional and scholarly
discretion in the face of peer pressure and mob mentality. Those enrolled in this course will be
provided the vocabulary and techniques to employ critical thought and practice within the
academic arena and beyond.
UGRC 160: Introduction to Literature

This course will engage students in careful reading and analysis of a challenging selection of
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literary works from a range of genres including the novel, the short story, poetry and drama. The
focus will be on intensive reading and discussion of the literature to inculcate in students the skill
of interpretation. Students are expected to be active readers as they analyze and interpret textual
detail, establish connections among their observations and draw logical inferences leading toward
an interpretive conclusion. They will be introduced to formal features of the selected texts,
including plot, character and language, as well as to the links between literature and life, to make
them better readers of their world. The course will include a writing component that focuses on
expository, analytical and argumentative writing about the literature. In short, students will read,
discuss and write about texts while developing skills such as the sophisticated use of literary
elements and terminology, close readings of various texts, creating, drafting and editing analytical
essays.
At the completion of this course, the students will be able to:
• Make warranted and reasonable assertions about an author’s arguments
• Recognize and use literary terms
• Apply literary terminology to fiction, drama, and poetry
• Analyze different genres of literature, particularly short stories, novels, drama and poetry
• Read literary texts closely
• Read, understand and write analytical literary essays
• Recognize and assess the elements of different literary genres
UGRC 210: Academic Writing II

Academic Writing II is a follow-up to Academic Writing I and builds upon the skills acquired in
the first year. Students will be required to read and critique a variety of academic essays in their
areas of study. Writing activities will derive from these reading tasks and students will be guided
to develop their writing through process writing which involves: pre-drafting, drafting, re-writing
and revising. In this broad context, students will revise and consolidate their grammar through
proof reading and editing activities. The course will also involve training students to write from
multiple sources as a preparation for doing research-based writing. Activities will be geared
towards getting students to develop the skills of extracting and sorting information from multiple
sources and synthesizing them into coherent arguments in an essay. Students will be required to
write such a synthesis essay for assessment. Subsequently, students will be introduced to academic
presentation skills.
The Language Centre will teach the Academic Writing II course in all programmes in Level 200,
except the following:
 The School of Engineering which has opted to offer Technical Report Writing (FAEN
206) in lieu of Academic Writing II.
 The School of Agriculture and some departments in the Schools of Physical and
Biological Sciences have opted to provide their own courses in the second six weeks of
the first semester of Level 200 (Academic Writing II). Programme-specific lectures in
Academic Writing in the second half of the first semester will be run.
UGRC 220-238: Introduction to African Studies

This course introduces students to the field of African Studies including Africa’s histories, peoples
and cultures. It begins with a general introduction to the discipline, its history and values;
continues with an introduction to Gender Studies in Africa; and thereafter students select from an
extensive and diverse menu of ‘electives’. While all students take the general introduction and the
introduction to gender, students are registered into the electives that they will take in the second
half of the semester.
The general introduction serves as the springboard from which to launch the entire course.
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Objectives of the course:
 To help students appreciate the contemporary value of African Studies as an area of
enquiry.
 To help students engage with discourses on African realities.
 To encourage students to appreciate the African Identity.
 To help students develop a sense of Self Determination in the global world.
 To make students aware of the negative stereotypes about Africa and to encourage them
to challenge these stereotypes.
 To help students develop appropriate methodologies and frameworks for examining
Africa and its past through multi-disciplinary approaches.
 To highlight some of Africa’s contributions to world civilizations and knowledge
generation.
 To enhance students’ knowledge in specific areas of African Humanities and Social
Sciences
The overall introduction covers three weeks, including two hours of lectures, and one hour of
tutorials per week.
Introduction to Gender
The main objective of this two week introduction (four hour), is to help students appreciate the
gendered nature of African societies, how this impacts development, and state as well as civil
society responses to gender inequalities. This component explains key concepts in African gender
studies and explains why and how we address gender issues in African studies. This component
of the course also makes a case for transforming gender relations on the basis of three
justifications: (1) citizenship rights and the constitution, (2) development imperatives, and (3) the
promotion of gender equitable cultures. The role of individual and group agency and leadership in
changing gender relations will be highlighted.
The introduction to gender covers three weeks, including two hours of lectures, and one hour of
tutorials per week. Also included is a practical activity, typically a film show.
At the end of the first 6 weeks students take part in a continuous assessment exercise.
Elective Component:
In the second half of the semester students join one of 19 pre-selected “elective” classes, each of
which is described below. An examination for each of these is carried out at the end of the
semester.
UGRC 220: Introduction to African Studies/ Appropriate Technology for Development in

Africa
Course Description
The course is introduced by defining important concepts and theories of Appropriate Technology,
emphasizing that it is technology that is appropriate, most suitable, practicable, and result oriented.
It reviews the most dominant, but simple technologies used at local community levels. These
include patterns of industrial and trade regimes in Africa, technologies used in rural energy
production and consumption, water resource management technologies, and inter-agency
collaboration in rural development activities, using these appropriate technologies. The course
concludes by examining the gender dynamics and rural governance systems as critical thresholds
for the understanding of appropriate technology use, and development prospects in Africa.
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Course Objectives:
The objectives of the course are as follows:
 Equip students with knowledge and appreciation of basic definitions and debates around
rural development and appropriate technology practice in Africa
 Assist students appreciate appropriate technologies which are used in rural development,
 Deepen students’ understanding of the prospects and challenges of rural development
using specific technologies within specific contexts
 Develop the capacity of students to appreciate the intricate relations among appropriate
technologies, rural development and development prospects in Africa.
UGRC 221: Introduction to African Studies/African Art, its Philosophy and Criticism
Course Description
This course is designed to introduce students to an understanding of African art and its conceptual
framework as evidence of material culture, actively involved in the historical process and life of
the African. As a cultural practice, it forms the bedrock of African aesthetic expression. The
course argues that the environment, availability of materials for producing art, different histories
and external influences, have affected African art and its development. The course proposes that
African art is reflective and representative of African belief, philosophy, values and taste, and is
used in several social, political and religious functions. As a fairly new field of discipline, the
course introduces students to forms of art, historical and theoretical enquiries and approaches to
the subject, such as art as history, history as an art, aesthetics, style, subject and subject matter
interpretations and meanings, visual narratives, gender perceptions, roles and representations, art
criticism and contemporary discourses on the practice of art on the continent.
Course Objectives:
The aim of this course is
 to develop in the second year university students within a six week period, an
understanding of what African art is
 to establish a rational basis for African art appreciation, criticism, and discourse,
 to develop criteria for judgment in African art.
UGRC 222: Introduction to African Studies/ Africa in the Contemporary World

Course Description
This course provides a general overview of how Africa's past has shaped its present, political and
economic conditions. It conducts systematic analysis of the role of leadership, gender and other
major factors that influence African nations as they prepare for the challenges of the 21st century.
It also discusses some of the major development challenges confronting Africa today, as well as
key initiatives proposed by African leaders, policy makers and scholars to address
underdevelopment on the continent. The course will focus on colonial rule, African nationalism,
one party rule, military intervention, democracy and good governance, and the New Partnership
for Africa's Development (NEPAD). In general, the course is designed to meet the needs of those
who have never studied and perhaps will never be able to undertake any planned study of politics
and economic development in Africa.
Course Objectives:
The course will enable students to:
 Appreciate how Africa’s past has shaped its post-colonial social, economic and political
conditions and gender relations.
 Obtain an enhanced understanding of the challenges facing contemporary African states
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and propose initiatives to address them.
 Appreciate the impact of colonial rule on Africa’s development and gender relations.
 Understand the role of leadership and strategies implemented for Africa’s development
and their impact on gender relations.
UGRC 223: Introduction to African Studies/ Africa and the Diaspora

Course Description
This course is designed to provide a general overview of the voluntary and involuntary journeys,
life experiences, as well as the general culture of Africans in the Diaspora. It will also discuss
some of the surviving African cultural elements in the Americas, and analyze certain cultural and
political coping/resistance strategies. The course hopes to demonstrate the resilience of African
culture as expressed in music, literature, language, religious beliefs, festivals and art. It will
critique some of the ideological bases for the various slave-trading epochs, and suggest ways of
enhancing the African image within the global community.Furthermore, it will and discuss some
notable contributions of the African Diaspora to the body of world civilization.
Course Objectives
The course aims to enable students to:
 recall Africans’ movements and contacts with other continents and countries.
 discuss the slave trades and analyse the reasons why Africans, more than any other race,
have been enslaved by people of other continents
 analyse some of the cultural and political coping/resistance strategies including
maroonage, the civil rights movements, Negritude, Pan-Africanism
 discuss the retention and creolization of some of the surviving African cultural elements
in the Americas
 analyse contemporary migrations and discuss ways of enhancing the African image
within the global community.
UGRC 224: Introduction to African Studies/African Popular Culture: Traditional Festivals

and Funeral Ceremonies
Course Description
This course is a general survey of African festivals and funeral ceremonies. It is intended to make
the under-graduate students conscious of the two events in their own communities, and also to
help them identify, classify, perceive and understand the relative importance of these popular
events. Assuming anthropological, sociological and folkloristic perspective, this course will
examine ‘Traditional Festivals’ and ‘Funeral Ceremonies’ as two components of ‘African Popular
Culture’. The course will pay particular attention to conflicts in these social phenomena and their
respective roles in African societies.
Course Objectives:
 To demonstrate to students the ritualistic and ceremonial functions in the festival and
funeral ceremonies which bring together members of African communities for a common
purpose.
 To help students understand the different categories of the two events, their definitions,
morphologies which in the future may help them in their own community endeavours.
 To enable students understand how the drama of the festival and funeral ceremonies
bring to light happiness, hope, despair, anxieties, contradictions and conflict between the
forces of continuity and change in the African world.
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UGRC 225: Introduction to African Studies/African Dance
Course Description
 The course is to introduce level 200 students to Traditional African Dance. This
introductory course will give students the opportunity to understand the role of dance in
the Ghanaian Society since dance is part and parcel of our life cycle. Further explanation
of the principles of African Dance movements, and the historic and cultural contexts in
which the dances are presented will also be explained. This introductory course has
theory and practical components. Students must be and physically fit to register for this
course.
Course Objectives:
The course aims to equip students to:
 develop the expressive qualities of the body through dance
 develop strength, flexibility, and endurance
 acquire a broader basis for personal creativity
 understand the history and cultural context for a given dance form
 analyze the form of a given dance
 appreciate the significance of dance in the socio-cultural development of the
African
 understand the value and cultural importance of dance movements and symbolic
gestures.
UGRC 226: Introduction to African Studies/African Drama

Course Description
Drama is a universal phenomenon deriving from play and manifesting in important aspects of
human spirituality. The rich ritual and ceremonial life which characterizes the social, political and
religious institutions of Africa has deep roots in indigenous dramatic traditions of Africa. Selected
ceremonies, festivals and rituals will be analyzed to reveal their representation of and interface
with institutions of leadership on the one hand and gender on the other. The course will also look
at drama as an art form and briefly trace its evolution. It is intended to undertake a systematic
survey of contemporary forms of drama and theatre and to provide students with the critical tools
to both evaluate and appreciate this important art form. The course will provide students with the
opportunity to observe and participate in theatrical manifestations such as plays and festivals.
Given the wide range of dramatic works produced in Africa, works studied in this course will be
changed from time to time.
Course Objectives:
At the end of this course, students will be able to
 Identify forms of drama in African society
 Competently discuss the representation of gender issues and relationships through
drama
 Competently analyze the interface between drama and leadership
 Demonstrate familiarity with the art of stagecraft
 Show familiarity with key playwrights and their works
UGRC 227: Introduction to African Studies/African Music

Course Description
The course is in two parts: theory and practicals. The theory part is designed to broadly introduce
students to some concepts of traditional African music. Students will then be taken through the
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general uses and functions of music in traditional African societies, with reference to events in the
life cycle. Topics to be discussed include:
 Music in community life
 Performing groups and their music
 Recruitment and training of traditional musicians
 Instrumental resources of traditional African societies and,
 Traditional and contemporary musical types.
The contributions of some African composers (both males and females) to the development of
traditional and contemporary Pop music in Africa will also be discussed.
The practical part of the course aims at introducing students to at least one traditional African
instrument and some traditional and contemporary songs. At the end of the course, students who
choose to learn a melodic instrument such as the atântâbân are expected to be able to use the
instrument to play some selected local and traditional tunes, hymn tunes and gospel songs among
others. Those who choose to sing will be required to sing and accompany themselves using a
percussive instrument, such as the single or the double bell, slit bell, castanet or the maracas,
depending on the rhythmic pattern selected for the year.
Course Objectives:
 The course will enable students to:
 Understand the musical traditions of Africa with respect to their historical, social and
cultural backgrounds,
 Appreciate the traditional as well as the contemporary approaches to musical
organization and practice.
 Understand how social control is applied with regard to ownership, and use of music and
musical instruments in both traditional and contemporary societies.
 Appreciate gender roles in the development and practice of music in African societies.
UGRC228: Introduction to African Studies/Chieftaincy and Development

Course Description
The course is a general introduction to the institution of chieftaincy in contemporary African
society and the role it plays in development. The course will discuss the position of the chief in the
African society, and address how can chieftaincy fulfills the aspiration of the people.
Course Objectives:
The course aims to:
 Introduce students to the chieftaincy institution.
 Understand the position of the chief as a traditional office
 Appreciate the challenges that chiefs face today.
UGRC 229: Introduction to African Studies/ Culture and Development

Course Description,
This is a semester long course scheduled in the first semester and repeated in the second Semester.
The course discusses the cultural issues that underpin the quest for socio-political, economic,
religious and technological advancement, and the need to preserve, reshape or jettison certain
endogenous values, beliefs, behaviours, attitudes, and to exploit their beneficial aspects while at
the same time discussing potential strategies for coming to terms with the unsavoury aspects of
some indigenous norms and practices.
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Course Objectives:
The course aims among other things to:
 Providing basic information on African developmental and cultural issues, such as
languages, peoples, institutions, belief systems and practices;
 Giving students a conceptual appreciation of African, particularly Ghanaian,
culture/cultures;
 Enhancing students’ ability to identify and evaluate important contemporary cultural
debates and issues in relation to current modalities and determinants of human
development.
The approach centres on lectures, discussions and tutorials. Power Point presentation is an
essential tool for teaching this course. The lecturer also communicates with students through a
course website accessible through the KEWL e-learning tool lodged on the University of Ghana
website. Lecture notes and copies of e-journal reading materials are posted there for students’
benefit.
UGRC 230: Introduction to African Studies/ Gender and Culture in Africa

Course Description
This course examines how culture shapes the positions of women and men in African societies,
analyses cultures and cultural practices as dynamic, contested and rooted in socio-economic
conditions and power relations. Key concepts in gender studies are analyzed in relation to debates
about accepted notions of culture. Students will be encouraged to reflect on their own experiences
of gender, and their role in reinforcing and transforming the nature of gender relations in society.
Course Objectives:
 Critically examine existing assumptions about gender and culture
 Gain an understanding about how gender relations are shaped by power relations and
cultural practices in different socio-economic contexts
 Examine how cultural forms manifest unequal power relations within society.
UGRC 231: Introduction to African Studies/Gender and Development

Course Description
This course will introduce students to key concepts and issues in gender and development with a
focus on Africa. It argues that development is not a neutral process, but impacts on men and
women differently. Key topics will include men and women’s access to resources in Africa such
as land, labour, credit, time and social capital, production and reproduction. The course will also
examine the gendered implications of natural resource management and sustainable development
as well as decision making. It will further examine state and civil society responses to gender
issues in Africa. The main objectives of this foundation course is to sensitize students to gender
issues and enable students recognize and understand the relevance of gender as a development
issue and how gender inequalities impact negatively on development.
Course Objectives:
 understand the key concepts in gender and development

 apply gender analysis to development issues
 recognize the relevance of gender in structuring access, citizenship and rights to
resources in Africa,
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 appreciate and understand how development policies and processes work to have
differential impacts on men and women
 Understand state and civil society responses to gender inequalities.
UGRC 232: Introduction to African Studies/Issues in Africa’s Population

Course Description
This course introduces students to the key debates around issues in Africa’s population. Africa’s
population is distinct is distinct in many respects. Students will receive an overview of significant
aspects of demographic concepts and population - its composition, growth etc. - and related issues
such as human resource development, socio-economic development, environmental sanitation and
preservation, and migration. Challenges associated with some of these issues will be addressed at
various levels, with special attention paid to the population of Ghana. The so-called impact of the
rapid population growth rate on development in the sub-region has been an important issue of
debate so far as the population of Africa and development is concerned. Though there are no
definite conclusions, there has been growing consensus among many governments, policy-makers,
and researchers that population variables influence development in Africa. The need to
understand the relationship among Africa’s population and related issues is urgent, not only for
policy-makers of today but also for students who are future leaders and/or policy-makers. The
challenges of other population issues such as environmental change, HIV/AIDS and gender are
also of equal importance.
Course Objectives:
The course aims to teach students the following:
 The features that distinguish sub-Saharan populations from those of the major regions of
the world.
 The status and condition of Africa’s population, as well as transitions in its populations.
 The linkages between population processes and political, socio cultural and
environmental variables.
UGRC 233: Introduction to African Studies/Our African Heritage through Literature

Course Description:
Africa as a cultural space reflects an intriguing unity in diversity. Word smithery is a vital element
of the cultural life of the region. Literature as a performance art takes a central role in a range of
contexts formal, sacred, popular and profane and therefore permeates the rich ceremonial life of
African peoples. A functional analysis of the literature will demonstrate the extent to which it
reveals notions of gender and leadership in African society. This course also intends to explore
the creative ways in which primary values have been, and continue to be expressed, explored and
contested in African societies.
The course seeks to introduce students to the notion of a living literary culture in Africa,
discussing issues such as values and worldviews, writing, performance, context and keys to
informed literary analysis. Case studies will mainly be drawn from performance and writing
traditions of societies in West, East and Southern Africa. In addition, the more recent domination
of Africans by Arabs and Europeans has occasioned the evolution of a significant body of written
literature with powerful artistic and political significance.
The course will also discuss the thematic concerns of literary artists putting works into social and
political perspective from a local and global point of view.
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Course Objectives:
At the end of this course students will be enabled to:
 apply literary tools relevant to the study of African literature in its various forms
 engage in an enlightened discussion about selected works and artistes in the field of
African literature,
 Comprehend the role of literature in society, particularly as a vehicle of notions of gender
and leadership.
UGRC 234: Introduction to African Studies/Philosophy in African Cultures

Course Description
This course intends to introduce students to philosophical thought in African cultures,
emphasizing its relation and relevance to contemporary African cultures and development. Topics
will include the African cosmologies, concepts of God, the deities, ancestors; African communal
and individualist values, concept of the human being, destiny, evil and ethics/morality, gender and
race.
Course Objectives
At the end of the course students will be enabled to:
 Know what constitutes philosophy and the various trends in African Philosophy
 Understand and engage meaningfully in the contemporary discourse on the status of
African philosophy
 Appreciate the philosophical underpinnings of traditional African thoughts
 Evaluate the relevance of African philosophy to African development.
UGRC 235: Introduction to African Studies/Dagbani

Course Description
This is a beginner’s course for non-native speakers of a Ghanaian language-Dagbani. The course
is designed to introduce second year students who cannot speak, understand or read Dagbani to the
language. It is a semester- long course to be taken in either the first or second semester of every
academic year at the discretion of the student. It is a three credit course, and two contact hours will
be used every week for teaching and an additional hour for tutorials. The main components of the
course are:
 Issues in African languages
 Reading, comprehension and vocabulary development
 Grammar
 Writing
 Listening and Speaking
 The culture of the language community
Course Objectives:
By the end of the course, students will be enabled to:
 Understand common issues that pertain to African Languages.
 Acquire the skill of learning a Ghanaian language through listening, speaking, writing
and translation in order to function in the language effectively in formal and informal
conversations.
 Know the basic grammatical structures of the language so that they can use them
effectively in both oral and written communication.
 Obtain an insight into the culture of the community whose language they have studied.
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UGRC 236: INTRODUCTION TO AFRICAN STUDIES/EWE
Course Description
This is a beginner’s course for non-native speakers of a Ghanaian language-Ewe. The course is
designed to introduce second year students who cannot speak, understand and read Ewe to the
language. It is a semester-long course to be taken in either the first or second semester of every
academic year at the discretion of the student. It is a three credit course. Two contact hours will be
used every week for teaching and an additional hour for tutorials. The main components of the
course are:
 Grammar
 Writing
Course Objectives:
conversations.
UGRC 237: INTRODUCTION TO AFRICAN STUDIES/GA

Course Description
course are:
 Grammar
 Writing
Course Objectives:
conversations.
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UGRC 238: INTRODUCTION TO AFRICAN STUDIES/ASANTE TWI

Course Description
course are:
 Grammar
 Writing
Course Objectives:
conversations.
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SPORTS FOR ACADEMIC CREDIT
The University has, beginning from the 2011/2012 academic year, introduced a sports for
academic credit programme.
The introduction of the programme is based on the recognition that there is the need to integrate
sports into the academic programme of the University, which would enable students earn credits
for sports and sport-related courses, which would count towards their total credits earned. The
reason for awarding credits for sports participation is to encourage and reward students who spend
their time, energy and resources to train and compete for honours to the University and the nation.
Students can be considered for sports credit from their second year based on their previous sports
performance in the University. Enrollment is on the basis of application to and recommendation
from the Sports Directorate and approved by the appropriate Dean. Sports performers can earn a
maximum of three credits per year on the programme, with a maximum of six credits during their
course of study in the University.
Courses under the programme will be graded in accordance with the University of Ghana grading
system. Practical and theory sections will take 50% each of the final grade.
COURSE OUTLINES (THEORY)

SPAC 210 BASIC ANATOMY 2 credits
The course introduces students to the study of the human body in stand and in motion.
Course Objectives
 To define the anatomic parts in 3-dimensional space.
 To describe the human body and how it works in motion and in stand.
Course Content
Introduction to the history of Anatomy. General constitution of the human body and its shape.
Anatomical positions. Locomotor system. Muscular system. Nervous system. Respiratory system.
Digestive system. Reproductive system. Excretory system. Cardiovascular system. Endocrine
system. Blood system and immunity. Metabolism.
SPAC 220 SOCIOLOGY OF SPORTS 2 credits

The course analyzes human interaction and studies the application of scientific methods in the
observation and analysis of social phenomenon in sports.
Course Objectives
 To provide candidates with opportunities to learn the basic elements of sociology as an
analytical behavioral science. It also assists students in developing an awareness of the processes
involved in human interaction.
 To define the basic knowledge of sociology and theories of social life.
Course Content
Theories in sociology, Theories about sports and society. Sports and socialization.Current status of
sociology of sports. Sports and aggression among spectators. Sports and global political processes.
SPAC 230 SPORTS THEORY 2 credits

This course focuses on the theory behind the practice of sports such as skill analysis and coaching
philosophies.
Course Objectives
To familiarize students with the knowledge of the theories in sports coaching, organization and
management.
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Course Content
Skill analysis and acquisition. Motivation techniques. Teaching progression. Coaching methods.
Game Management. Ethical behavior and qualities of professionals in the field of sports.
SPAC 240 SPORTS PHYSIOLOGY 2 credits

This course provides basic principles of physiology of exercise, and the physiological effects on
the human organism under different intensities, duration and environment.
Course Objectives
 To acquaint students with the knowledge of how the body systems function in athletes during
both wellness and illness/injury. Students will then apply their knowledge in understanding and
recognizing injury and illness in athletes in order to assist in the prevention and care of athletic
injuries and illnesses.
 To familiarize students with the knowledge of the organ systems and how each functions in
the physically active individual.
Course Content
Introduction to physiology. Organ systems - organs that make up each system, functions of each
system. Types of body tissues. Body composition. Effect of exercise on body systems. Common
sports injuries pertaining to the body systems. Energy expenditure and fatigue. Measuring energy
expenditure. Energy expenditure at rest and during exercise. Fatigue and its causes. Exercise in hot
and cold environment: Thermoregulation. Physiological response to exercise in the heat and in the
cold. Acclimatization: Prolonged exposure to altitude.
SPAC 250 HISTORY AND PHILOSOPHY OF SPORTS 2 credits

The course covers the history of contemporary sports and physical activity. The subject provides
students with reasoning mechanisms, the evolution of sports and the analysis of present realities.
Course Objectives
Students should be able:
 To define the general streams in the history of sports and physical activity, to understand the
current realities of sports and its social and cultural dynamics.
 To appreciate the main actors of modern sport and physical activity, in their social and
cultural context.
 To evaluate and analyze behaviours, habits and values of sport and physical activity in
different social contexts.
Course Content
Genesis of modern sport and physical activity. Medieval and pre-industrial leisure, game and
physical activity. The transition to modern game, culture, performance and education. Theoretical
models of sport. The German example. The French example. The Swedish example. Organization,
dissemination and social discrimination at the turn of the century. Sports and ideology:
interpretation. Basic philosophical issues and sports evolution from local, national and
international events. History of Sports in Ghana, All African Games, Commonwealth Games and
Olympic Games.
SPAC 260 ELEMENTS OF SPORTS FITNESS 2 credits

This course introduces students to the concept of fitness and wellness and how they relate to
quality of life.
Course Objectives
To familiarize students with basic knowledge of diet, exercise, stress management, health and
other areas
of total wellness and their impact on maintaining healthy lifestyle.
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Course Content
The concept of fitness and health. The meaning of physical fitness. Component of physical fitness.
The development of the components of physical fitness. Selected lifetime fitness activities. The
concept of wellness. The relationship of fitness to wellness. Exercise and fitness. Principles of
physical activities. Body systems and physical fitness. Weight management. Fitness assessment
and exercise testing for cardio-respiratory fitness, body composition, muscle flexibility. Substance
abuse and sexually transmitted diseases and stress management.
SPAC 310 SPORTS INJURIES 2 credits

This course introduces students to the basic injuries associated with the physical activities and the
methods to prevent them and manage them if they should occur.
Course Objectives
 This course is intended to provide students with the basic injuries in sports participation; how
to assess them, prevent them and manage them.
 To identify the causes of sports injuries and how they can be avoided.
 To define knowledge about the general principles of initial treatment of injuries.
Course Content
Common Fitness/Sports injuries. Prevention of injuries. Treatment and management of injuries.
Muscle soreness.
Tendonitis. Lower back pain. Injuries to lower extremities. Heat stress. Exercise in the cold.
SPAC 320 SPORTS PSYCHOLOGY 2 credits

This course leads students to understand how personality, self conceit, self-esteem, self efficacy
and other psychological characteristics relate to participation and performance in sport and
physical activity. It also helps students analyze and understand motivational bases for sports as
well as barriers to participation and special motivational issues in competitive sports.
Course Objectives
 To explore core issues and related intervention strategies in working with athletes
and recreational exercisers to enhance performance and participation.
 To define motivational bases for sports as well as barriers to participation and special
motivational issues in competitive sports.
Course Content
Motivation in Sports and Exercise. Attention, Concentration and Cognitive styles. Psychological
benefits of Sports and Exercise. Group Dynamics and Leadership. Strategies for managing arousal
and anxiety in athletic performance.
Principles of goal setting as applied to physical activity participation and performance. Values of
imagery training and how it can be applied in sports and exercise.
SPAC 330 ECONOMICS OF SPORTS 2 credits

Investigates what economics has to say about sports as an economic activity: what tools of
economic analysis apply to sports. Economics of sports focuses on professional and college
sports.
Course Objective
 To give students the theoretical knowledge of the emergence and growth of commercial
sports and the general characteristics of commercial sports.
Course Content
Economic motives and the globalization of commercial sports. Media coverage and spectator
interest. The use of sports for global expansion. Owners, sponsors and promoters in commercial
sports.
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SPAC 340 SPORTS: LAW AND PRACTICE 2 credits
This course examines some of the most common legal problems encountered both on and off the
playing field. It will concentrate on practical issues and will be presented by legal practitioners,
academics and professionals with rich experience in sports management and administration.
Course Objective
This course is intended to familiarize students with the important areas that provide the
foundational principles that drive the outcome of most legal disputes arising in the sports industry.
Course Content
The Governance of Sports. Contractual relations in sports. Athlete employment contracts. The role
of the agent in professional sports. Legal aspects of sports injuries. Sports marketing, sponsorship
and ambush marketing. Appearance contracts. Constitutional and policy issues in sports. The legal
regulations of doping. Alternative dispute resolution in sport. The legal regulation of sports
Governing Bodies. Antitrust.
SPAC 350 SPORTS NUTRITION 2 credits

An introduction to nutrients and sources, digestive and metabolic processes and the health impact
of nutrient deficiencies and excesses.
Course Objectives
 To familiarize students with the fundamentals of sports nutrition as it relates to the physically
active. Students will gain an understanding of the importance of sustaining the body with
adequate nutrition through food and dietary supplements.
 Students will also discover the sports nutrition products available to fulfill the requirements
of the physically active, ranging from the everyday exercise enthusiast to the serious athlete.
Course Content
An Introduction to sports nutrition. Basic nutrition essentials for sportsmen/sportswomen.
Preparing the body nutritionally for exercise. Injury and recovery – what happens to the body
during exercise and how to feed it for recovery. Strength and Speed - Nutrition for top athletes.
SPAC 360 PRINCIPLES OF SPORTS PERFORMANCE 2 credits

This course is designed to study issues relating to causes of human performance and motor
behavior over the lifespan.
Course Objectives
 To familiarize students with the principles underpinning human performances at the same
time as improving their own performances in all spheres of life
 To acquaint students with lifestyle management issues and their impact on performance.
Course Contents
Definition of principles. Components of Sports Performance. Internal and External factors of
performance. Principles of human performance. Principles of goal setting. Principles of coaching.
Test and Measurement of motor abilities. Selection in sports. Strategies and Tactics in sports
performance. Psychological and sociological principles in sport performance.
SPAC 370 SPORTS MANAGEMENT 2 credits

This course is designed to provide students with an overview of the basic organizational, and
business principles and structure of sport, fitness and leisure industries.
Course Objective
 Students will acquire knowledge necessary to successfully manage any governmental/non-
governmental sports institution.
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Course Content
The evolution of Sport Management. Scope of Sports Management. Sports Marketing: Strategies
and Tactics. Factors involved in Sports Marketing. Sponsorship of sports events. Strategic
planning and management in sports. Planning, Funding and Managing sports events. Sports
facility management. Leadership in sports organizations.
SPAC 380 SPORTS COMMUNICATION 2 credits

This course introduces students to communication skills necessary for adjustment and success in
sports.
The course provides an opportunity for students to learning principles of effective behavior in
sports to
reinforce these skills to develop confidence in both spoken and written communications.
Course Objectives
 Define communication and identify the elements of a communication system
 List the various communication media
 Identify barriers to effective communication in sports
 Explain basic technical jargons in sports
 Describe the various communication contexts in sports
 Communicate nonverbally in sports
 Explain the ethics of sports communication.
Course Content
The concept of communication & communication theory. Communication media. Barriers to
effective communication in sports. Basic communication skills in sports. (Communication and the
Self, Interpersonal communication (two-persons), Group communication (speaking & leading
discussions), Fundamentals of public speaking, Intercultural communication). Nonverbal
communication in sports. Communications ethic in sports
SPAC 281 - 295 SPORTS SPECIFIC EVENTS/DISCIPLINES (PRACTICALS)

Students will receive instructions in the basic skills, tactics and techniques of the sport.
Course Objectives
Students will acquire skills and knowledge necessary for participation as a competitive, fitness or
leisure time activity.
Course Content
History and development of the game. Basic rules and regulations. Basic Skills. Governing bodies
at local, regional, national and international levels. Organizing sport events
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SPAC 281 Athletics 1 credit
SPAC 282 Badminton 1 credit
SPAC 283 Basketball 1 credit
SPAC 284 Boxing 1 credit
SPAC 285 Cricket 1 credit
SPAC 286 Goalball 1 credit
SPAC 287 Handball 1 credit
SPAC 288 Hockey 1 credit
SPAC 289 Martial Arts 1 credit
SPAC 291 Soccer 1 credit
SPAC 292 Swimming 1 credit
SPAC 293 Table Tennis 1 credit
SPAC 294 Tennis 1 credit
SPAC 295 Volleyball 1 credit
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COLLEGE OF HUMANITIES
UNIVERSITY OF GHANA BUSINESS SCHOOL
The University of Ghana Business School started as the Department of Commerce of the Kumasi
College of Technology (now the Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology). The
Department was integrated into the University of Ghana in October 1962 as the School of
Administration, which was one of the premier institutions of business education in the West
African sub-region.
Over the years, it has evolved into the University of Ghana Business School to conform to
worldwide trends in management training and education. The primary mission of the School is the
provision of world-class management education and research to support national development.
The School offers diploma, undergraduate, postgraduate and executive education programmes.
PROGRAMME STRUCTURE
LEVEL 100
First Semester
Course Code Course Title Credits
UGRC110 Academic Writing I 3
UGRC 141-146/ Science and Technology in Our Lives/ Critical 3
UGRC 150/UGRC Thinking and Practical Reasoning/Introduction to
160 Literature
UGBS 101 Introduction to Business Administration 3
UGBS 105 Introduction to Public Administration 3
UGBS 103/107 Introductory French I/ Introductory Chinese I 3
Total 15
Second Semester
UGRC 141-146/ Science and Technology in Our Lives/ Critical 3
UGRC 150/UGRC Thinking and Practical Reasoning/Introduction to
160 Literature
UGBS 102 Introduction to Computing in Business 3
UGBS 104 Principles of Management 3
UGBS 108 Psychology for Everyday Living 3
UGBS 106/112 Introductory French II/ Introductory Chinese II 3
Total 15
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LEVEL 200 COURSES
First Semester
UGRC 210 Academic Writing II 3
UGBS 201 Microeconomics and Business 3
UGBS 203 Commercial Law I 3
UGBS 205 Fundamentals of Accounting Methods 3
UGBS 207 Social Responsibility and Ethics 3
Total 15
Second Semester
UGRC 220-238 Introduction to African Studies 3
UGBS 202 Business Mathematics 3
UGBS 204 Macroeconomics and Business 3
UGBS 206 Commercial Law II 3
UGBS 208 Introduction to Financial Accounting 3
Total 15
Course Descriptions
UGBS 101: Introduction to Business Administration

This course introduces students to the structure and practice of modern business in Ghana within
the global economic context. The emphasis is on developing an understanding of how the various
functions of business, namely production, marketing (including international), accounting,
finance, operations and management information systems are integrated to provide competitively
priced, ‘value added’ products and services that customers need/want. Students will have
opportunities to develop and practice critical skills such as teamwork; analysis and problem
solving; entrepreneurship; and critical strategic thinking, which are the basis of personal and
organizational success in today’s dynamic business world. The course also covers many facets of
business and provides the student with a general knowledge of the modern business environment.
Thus, we will review the political, economic, social-cultural, technological, legal and ethical
systems and other factors affecting businesses.
UGBS 102: Introduction to Computing in Business

This course must provide an introduction to the science and discipline of computing with
emphasis on its applications in business and organizations. The major part of the course will,
therefore, cover basic concepts in computers - both hardware and software. Additionally, business
problem-solving skills will be discussed in detail using procedural logic such as flowcharting,
spreadsheet applications using MS Excel, database applications and presentation software using,
for example, MS PowerPoint, use of the Internet and the Web in information search and
communications. The emphasis must be on students gaining an understanding and achieving
proficiency in the use of essential tools of personal productivity with computing technology.
UGBS 104: Principles of Management

This course presents the basics of the theory and science of management. It emphasizes the
essentials of management that are pertinent to the effective work of practicing managers. Students
will understand the fact that managing is a part of a larger system interacting with a manger’s total
environment – economic, technological, social, political and ethnical. The functions of
28
management – planning, organising, staffing and leading, and controlling will provide the
conceptual framework for students to increase their understanding of Ghanaian and global
management challenges, ethical decision-making, technology management and emerging
workplace issues. This course lays the foundation for an understanding of the nature and
importance of managing and of management as a developed and important science.
UGBS 105: Introduction to Public Administration

This course seeks to introduce students to the very basic concepts and theories underlying
administration in the public sector. It focuses on the unique social, political, economic and cultural
context within which Ghanaian public administration is practised. The key topics to be covered
include: definitions, nature and scope of public administration; the role of public administration in
national development; the relationship and differences between public administration and business
administration; the nature of central government machinery, public-private sector dichotomy, the
politics-administration debate and the constitutional and legal setting of public administration. Other
topics include: the constituent parts of the public sector in Ghana; i.e., the public services, public
corporations/enterprises, public boards/commissions, subvented agencies and the local government
systems.
UGBS 103/107: Introductory French I / Introductory Chinese I

The focus of this course is the acquisition of business language, specialized vocabulary, notions
and know-how. Students will also be trained to describe and explain activities, situations, posts
and relationships within the business setting as well as business-related issues such as dealing with
customs officials, travelling, placing orders and making reservations.
UGBS 106/112: Introductory French II / Introductory Chinese II

This course is a continuation of UGBS 103, and aims at equipping students with the specific
language in contemporary business practice and helping them consolidate their everyday
French/Chinese. It also reinforces the techniques of essay writing and pays attention to the
acquisition of basic notions in the field of business. Writing an official letter and opening a bank
account are some of the practical skills to acquire.
UGBS 108: Psychology for Everyday Living

In this course, students learn how Psychology can be useful in everyday behaviour in general, and
how psychological issues and principles can be applied to enhance human life. The essence of the
course is not to try to make students experts in psychology (not at this level) but rather, to let them
appreciate the usefulness of psychology and how it helps in their daily lives as they interact with
others around them. It also sets the basis for those who want to pursue psychology or psychology
related courses in future to appreciate the various subfields available for specialization. Those
who may not even pursue psychology further (as a course of study) will realise that behaviour in
any form of setting (social or academic) could be handled with laid down principles of
psychology.
UGBS 201: Microeconomics and Business

This course will cover the principles of microeconomic analysis which will equip students to
understand basic economic principles and help them make better economic decisions than they
otherwise would. The course will focus on the working of markets and institutions in allocating
economic resources. In this course, students will be introduced to basic economic theories such as
Demand and Supply, Consumer Behaviour, the Theory of the Firm and Market Structures, the
Theory of Production, Cost Theory and Market Structures.
29
UGBS 202: Business Mathematics
Business mathematics is designed as a first course in Mathematics for students of business
administration and fulfils two important student needs: (1) a foundation in mathematics and (2)
effective methods of solving mathematical problems in business areas. The course therefore
engages students with the basic principles involved in the topics treated as well as how to apply
the techniques developed in quantitative analysis, accounting, finance, insurance and marketing,
amongst others. The topics to be covered in this course include: solving equations (linear, non-
linear, and simultaneous), powers and exponents, logarithms, calculus, index numbers, time value
of money, matrix algebra, presentation of data, summary statistics, set theory and probability.
Students are also exposed to the use of the computer in applying Mathematics to business
decision-making.
UGBS 203: Commercial Law I

This course is intended to give the student an overview of the law of contract, sale of goods and
hire purchase. Students will be taught agency, national and international banking, financial
leasing, electronic commerce, securities regulation and international financial transactions such as
swaps, lending and consortiums.
UGBS 204: Macroeconomics and Business

This course deals with the interactions within the whole economy of economic variables and
agents and their effect on economic activity. It will therefore look at the broad aggregates of
economic behaviour and demand by households, firms and the government. The relevance of these
interactions with respect to business will be emphasized. Topics will include National Income
Accounting, National Income Determination, Aggregate Demand, Fiscal Policy and Foreign
Trade, Money and Banking, Monetary and Fiscal Policies in a Closed Economy, Aggregate
Demand, Aggregate Supply and Prices, Inflation and Unemployment, Exchange Rate and the
Concept of Balance of Payments, International Trade and Economic Growth.
UGBS 205 Fundamentals of Accounting Methods

This is a foundation course and it is designed to equip candidates with the basic knowledge and
tools that will enable them appreciate business transactions, their analysis and the primary
financial statements and reports that are produced from such transactions. The course is also
designed to equip candidates who have interests in accounting as a career with the requisite
foundation to build on. Topics will include: The Nature and Function of Accounting, Generally
Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP), Fundamentals of Accounting Method, Analysis of
Transactions in Books of Account, Control Accounts, Bank Reconciliation and Balancing of
Accounts and Trial Balance.
UGBS 206: Commercial Law II

This course is intended to give the student an overview of the law of contract, sale of goods and
hire purchase. Students will be taught agency, national and international banking, financial
leasing, electronic commerce, securities regulation, international financial transactions swaps,
lending and consortiums.
UGBS 207: Social Responsibility and Ethics

Social Responsibility is concerned with what is – or should be - the relationship between global
corporations, governments of countries and individual citizens. More locally the definition is
concerned with the relationships between a corporation and the local society in which it resides. In
the arena of ethics as well, there are questions regarding whether or not corporations should be
controlled through increased regulation or whether or not the ethical base of citizenship has been
30
lost and needs replacing before socially responsible behaviour will ensue. This course on social
responsibility and ethics attempts to answer these questions by focusing on topics like the
principles of corporate social responsibility, stakeholders and the social contract, globalization and
corporate social responsibility as well as ethics, corporate social responsibility and corporate
behaviour.
UGBS 208: Introduction to Financial Accounting

This builds on the foundation course, UGBS 205, and examines basically final accounts of varied
organizations, manufacturing, departments, sole trading, partnerships and companies. It covers
accounting for other miscellaneous organizations and transactions, joint ventures royalties,
consignment and bills of exchange. Preparing accounts from incomplete records of both profit and
non-profit organizations are also examined. The course ends with an elementary analysis and
interpretation of financial statements. Topics include: Manufacturing Account, Departmental
Accounts, Partnership Accounts – Introductory Consideration, Company Accounts, Incomplete
Records of Business, Incomplete Records of Non-Profit Making Organizations, Correction of Errors
and Elementary Analysis and Interpretation of Financial Statements.
DEPARTMENT OF ACCOUNTING
INTRODUCTION
The Department is one of the six departments of the University of Ghana Business School, UGBS
and offers the following programmes at the undergraduate level: B.Sc. Administration degrees and
the Diploma in Accounting (DIA) programme which is currently run at the City Campus.
The Department is in collaboration with the Institute of Chartered Accountants, Ghana (ICAG) to
introduce new programmes.
PROGRAMME STRUCTURE
BSc Administration (Accounting option)
Level 300 Courses
First Semester
UGBS 301 Quantitative Methods 3
UGBS 303 Computer Applications in Management 3
UGBS 401 Company Law 3
ACCT 301 Financial Reporting I 3
FINC 301 Introduction to Business Finance I 3
Elective 3
Total 18
Electives
1. OHRM 303: Human Behaviour in Organisations
2. MKTG 301: Principles of Marketing
3. MKTG 303: Introduction to Electronic Business
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Second Semester
UGBS 302 Research Methods 3
ACCT 302 Financial Reporting II 3
ACCT 304 Auditing 3
FINC 302 Introduction to Business Finance II 3
FINC 304 Managerial Economics 3
Elective 3
Total 18
Electives
1. MKTG 306: Fundamentals of Entrepreneurship
2. FINC 352: Principle & Practice of Insurance Business
Level 400 Courses

First Semester
ACCT 401 Corporate Reporting 3
ACCT 403 Cost and Management Accounting I 3
ACCT 405 Taxation 3
ACCT 407 Accounting Information Systems 3
FINC 401 Investment Fundamentals 3
Elective 3
Total 18
Electives
1. ACCT 400: Long Essay
2. FINC 403: Bank Management
3. PAHS 401: Public Finance
Second Semester
UGBS 402 Business Policy 3
ACCT 402 Public Sector Accounting 3
ACCT 404 Cost and Management Accounting II 3
Elective 3
Elective 3
Total 15
Electives
1. ACCT 400: Long Essay
2. FINC 402: Monetary Theory
3. FINC 406: Financial Markets
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Course Descriptions
BSc Administration (Accounting option)
ACCT 301: Financial Reporting I

The course examines accounting for organizations such as partnerships and other business
transactions involving joint ventures, hire-purchases, long-term contracts and investment.
ACCT 302: Financial Reporting II

The course covers Departmental and Branch Accounts (excluding foreign branches); the
Regulatory Framework of Company Accounts and the conversion of businesses into limited
liability companies.
ACCT 304: Auditing

The course covers an elementary knowledge of auditing, examining the basics of auditing, kinds
of audit, audit engagement and the various procedures in auditing including quality control,
analytical review and the concept of truth and fairness in auditing. It examines the modern systems
concept of auditing through systems examination in the form of internal control analysis and
evaluation and the practical application of such internal controls. Audit management in terms of its
objectives and planning and the various quality control procedures are also examined, as well as
audit report writing.
MKTG 301: Principles of Marketing

This course is designed to teach the fundamental concepts and practice of modern marketing. The
objective is to provide knowledge that will facilitate consumers’ needs and wants identification
and satisfaction while achieving organizational goals and ensuring society’s well-being. Specific
areas of concentration include environmental analysis, strategic planning, marketing information
systems and decision-making, consumer analysis, product design, pricing, distribution and
promotion.
OHRM 303: Human Behaviour in Organisations

The most important aspects of organisations are the people: the men and women who make up
management as well as the work force. The aim of this course is to provide a systematic
understanding of organisational life as created by the human beings in the firm. Students will be
encouraged to understand issues such as group dynamics, individual differences, values and
perceptions, organisational politics as well as interpersonal interactions.
MKTG 306: Fundamentals of Entrepreneurship

The main objective of the course is that students should be able to apply their entrepreneurial and
innovative skills in creating and managing their enterprises/organizations. Motivated individual
students should also be capable of creating their own ventures. To achieve this, students will be
offered the opportunity to acquire knowledge and understand concepts pertinent to
entrepreneurship viz innovation, competitiveness of companies, micro-macroeconomics and socio-
economic development process, common research areas in the general field of entrepreneurship,
enterprise development and management.
ACCT 401: Corporate Reporting

This is an advanced accounting course that looks at the accounts of groups of companies by
examining the principles of consolidation, mergers and acquisitions and capital reduction schemes.
It also covers analysis and appraisal of financial information.
33
ACCT 402: Public Sector Accounting
In this course, students are introduced to the public sector (governmental) aspect of accounting,
both at the central and local levels. The course focuses on the public sector environments, how
they are managed using budgeting, budgetary accounting, budgetary reporting, their financial
reporting, auditing and the measurement of their performance. It also evaluates the activities of
NGOs. Discussions of the key topics centre on the theoretical developments in the sectors,
including empirical evidence, emphasising public-private relationships.
ACCT 403: Cost and Management Accounting I

The course aims at equipping the student with the basic skills required to provide the Cost
Information needs of management for informed decisions. The nature and purpose of costing;
accounting for cost and cost behavior and accounting for stocks/inventories are some of the topics
to be discussed in this course.
ACCT 404: Cost and Management Accounting II

This course builds on ACCT 403 (Cost Accounting I) and focuses on critical cost accounting
issues relating to accounting for overheads; activity-based costing; accounting for labour; product
costing methods/techniques; absorption and marginal costing techniques; accounting tools for
planning and control, budgetary and budgetary control.
ACCT 405: Taxation

The course seeks to present the subject matter of Taxation as a major fiscal tool for socio-
economic management at the macro, corporate and individual financial management levels. The
conflicting social, economic and political interests that impact tax policies will also be examined.
The course will expose students to the persons, incomes and transactions subject to tax. Tax
administration and improving tax revenue in Ghana as well as the offences and penalties under the
Tax Laws of Ghana will also be examined.
ACCT 407: Accounting Information Systems

This course develops an understanding and appreciation for the design, analysis, development and
implementation of accounting information systems with an emphasis on control and management
issues of the accounting function. The course will consider both a technological and non-
technological viewpoint of the organisation, management and the end-users. Practical applications
will be emphasised through computer related projects and systems cases. The major thematic areas
include oral and written communication, typical business documents and reports, proper systems
documentation using flowcharts and other techniques, systems analysis and design methodologies,
as well as working skills based on computerised spreadsheets and relational database accounting
information systems.
FINC 401: Investment Fundamentals

The course is about investment in marketable securities. Accordingly, it focuses on the
investment environment and process. The investment environment encompasses the kinds of
marketable securities that exist particularly in Ghana and where and how they are bought and sold.
The investment process on the other hand is concerned with how an investor should proceed in
making decisions about what marketable securities to invest in, how extensive the investments
should be, and when the investments should be made in order to maximise the returns relative to
the associated risk. Topics will include: The Investment Setting, The Asset Allocation Decision,
Securities Markets: Organisation, Functions and Regulations, Review of Financial Market
Efficiency, Portfolio Theory, The Capital Asset Pricing Model, Arbitrage Pricing Model, Valuing
Financial Assets, Professional Asset Management, Stock Market Analysis, Industry Analysis,
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Company Analysis and Stock Selection, Technical Analysis, Evaluation of Portfolio Performance
and Introduction to Financial Derivatives.
DEPARTMENT OF FINANCE
INTRODUCTION
The Department of Finance is one of the six academic departments of the University of Ghana
Business School with well qualified and experienced full-time and part-time faculty.
The Department currently offers the following degree programmes at the undergraduate level: BSc
Administration (Banking and Finance) and BSc Administration (Insurance)
The research interests of faculty in the Department include banking, corporate finance, corporate
governance, development finance, financial market development, international finance, health
finance, financial economics, risk management, insurance management, international trade, micro
finance, small business and entrepreneurial finance.
PROGRAMME STRUCTURE
BSc. Administration (Banking and Finance option)
LEVEL 300 COURSES

First Semester
Course Code Course Title Credit
FINC 301 Introduction to Business Finance 3
MKTG 301 Principles of Marketing 3
OHRM 303 Human Behaviour in Organisations 3
Elective 3
Total 18
Second Semester
OHRM 304 Introduction to Human Resource Management 3
FINC 302 Business Finance 3
MKTG 306 Fundamentals of Entrepreneurship 3
Elective 3
Total 18
35
LEVEL 400 COURSES
First Semester
FINC 403 Bank Management 3
FINC 405 Banking Operations 3
PAHS 401 Public Finance 3
Elective 3
Total 18
Second Semester
FINC 402 Monetary Theory 3
FINC 404 International Finance and Banking 3
FINC 406 Financial Markets 3
FINC 408 Microfinance 3
Total 15
Electives
FINC 407: Labour Economics
FINC 400: Long Essay
Course Descriptions
BSc. Administration (Banking and Finance option)
FINC 301: Introduction to Business Finance

In this introductory finance course, students are exposed to the role of the financial manager. They
study financial analysis including working capital management as a way of linking finance to
accounting. They learn about the basic tools that the financial manager uses in detecting and
eliminating potential corporate problems. They also learn about financial intermediaries. Topics
will include The Finance Function, The Financial Environment, Financial Analysis and Planning,
Working Capital Management and Sources of Funds.
FINC 302: Business Finance

In this course, students will learn about the time value of money, the relationship between risk and
return, and how to use these concepts to evaluate projects. Students will also learn about financial
markets, how securities are priced, capital structure and the relationship between leasing and
buying. Topics will include: Time Value of Money, Valuation of securities, Risk and Return,
Capital Investment Decisions, Financial Markets and Financing Decisions, Capital Structure and
Dividend Policy.
FINC 304: Managerial Economics

This course is designed to provide a solid foundation of economic understanding for use in
managerial decision-making. The course will build on students’ existing knowledge of
microeconomic theory in using economics towards becoming more competent decision makers
and managers. The course will also engender in participants knowledge of various frameworks for
analyzing business decisions through the application of economic theory to business problems,
36
thereby developing general principles that can be applied to business decision-making. Topics will
include The Nature and Scope of Managerial Economics, Demand Analysis and Estimation,
Production and Cost Analysis, Market Structure Analysis and Estimation, and Government
Intervention in the Market Economy.

The course is about investment in marketable securities. Accordingly, the course focuses on the
investment environment and process. The investment environment encompasses the kinds of
marketable securities that exist particularly in Ghana and where and how they are bought and sold.
The investment process on the other hand is concerned with how an investor should proceed in
making decisions about what marketable securities to invest in, how extensive the investments
should be, and when the investments should be made in order to maximise the return, given the
associated risk. Topics will include: The Investment Setting, the Asset Allocation Decision,
Securities Markets: Organization, Functions and Regulations, Review of Financial Market
Efficiency, Portfolio Theory, the Capital Asset Pricing Model, the Arbitrage Pricing Model,
Valuing Financial Assets, Professional Asset Management, Stock Market Analysis, Industry
Analysis, Company Analysis and Stock Selection, Technical Analysis, Evaluation of Portfolio
Performance and Introduction to Financial Derivatives
FINC 403: Bank Management

The course aims at exposing the student to the use of the principles of business finance in banking.
With this in mind, students are expected to be thoroughly familiar with the material covered in
Introduction to Business Finance and Business Finance. Banking theory is introduced with respect
to bank assets, liability and liquidity management. Efforts will be made to draw heavily on
practical examples around us. Topics will include: the Banking System, Bank operations,
Asset/Liability Management, Bank Risks, Loan Portfolio and Credit Risk Management, Bank
Costs, Bank Failures, Bank Valuation and Performance, Bank Strategic Planning and Bank
Regulation.
FINC 405: Banking Operations

This course is meant to equip students with basic knowledge in banking operations. This will help
students acquire practical understanding of basic banking operations in the current banking
environment in Ghana and globally. In addition, it will provide students with the right analytical
mind set on operational processes and process reviews and enhancement in the market, which is
critical for any successful banking operations model in the fast changing banking operational set-
up. Topics include Introduction to Banking Operations, Account Opening Processes and
Procedures and Know Your Customer (KYC) Principles and Management, Roles and
Responsibilities of Customer Advisors, Counter Services Staff and Management, Processes,
Procedures and Principles in Tellering/Cashiering, Cash Management and Operations, Payment
systems in Banking, Transaction Processing, Reconciliation and Suspense Accounts Management
and Control, Product Development, Implementation and Pricing, and Ethics in Banking.
FINC 407: Labour Economics

The aim of this course is to introduce Students to the mechanics of the labour market. Students
will learn about how labour markets work – supply and demand, how individuals allocate time
between work and leisure, and why firms hire. Students will also understand the implications of
minimum wages on employment, the rationale for trade union organizations and how they work in
Ghana, geographical mobility, wages and unemployment in Ghana and Africa. Empirical
examples from studies on Ghana and Africa will be discussed. Topics include Labour Supply,
Labour Demand, Labour Market Equilibrium, Compensating Wage Differentials, Human Capital,
37
Wage Structure, Labour Mobility, Labour Market Discrimination, Labour Unions, Incentive Pay
and Unemployment.
FINC 402: Monetary Theory

The essence of this course is to study the relationship between money supply and other important
economic variables such as aggregate price level, economic output, interest rates and exchange
rates. Specific topics include: The Bank of Ghana: structure and functions, Demand for Money,
Money Supply, Quantity Theory of Money, Conduct of Monetary Policy, Tools of Monetary
Policy, Monetary and Fiscal Policy, Money and Economic Activity, Money, Inflation and Interest
Rates, and the International Financial System.
FINC 404: International Finance and Banking

This course is a logical extension of the principles of the foundation in Corporate Finance or
Financial Management. It builds on and extends the framework and basic principles provided by
domestic corporate finance to account for those dimensions that are unique to decisions in a
competitively dynamic global context. Coverage will extend to the use of financial analysis and
reasoning in solving international financial management problems and in decision-making. The
traditional areas of Working Capital Management, Capital Budgeting, Cost of Capital, and
Financial Structure will be covered from the perspective of a Multinational or Transnational
Enterprise. The focus will be on those decision variables that are rarely encountered by purely
domestic enterprises. Specific topics include: Introduction to Multinational Financial
Management, International Financial Markets, International Flow of Funds and Balance of
Payment, Forecasting Exchange Rates, Measuring Exposure to Exchange Rate Fluctuations,
Managing Transaction Exposure, Short-term asset and liability management and Financing
International Trade, Long-Term Asset and Liability Management, International Banking, and
Country Risk Analysis.
FINC 406: Financial Markets

This course aims to provide students with a basic understanding of financial markets and
institutions. The course covers financial intermediation and innovations and key regulatory trends
in both the Ghanaian financial market and international financial markets. Activities and
characteristics of depository and non-depository institutions are covered. The course also
considers the roles of the money and capital markets in the economy. Specific topics include:
Financial Intermediation and Financial Innovation, the Role of Government in Financial Markets,
Depository Institutions, Non-Depository Institutions, Determinants of Interest Rates, Organization
and Structure of Markets, Market for Corporate Securities, Mortgage and Securitized Assets
Markets, and Markets for Derivative Securities.
FINC 408: Microfinance

The course deals with the importance of microcredit as a financial tool for development. It
provides students with techniques and tools to improve financial services and the sustainability of
microfinance institutions (MFI) by setting realistic interest rates and managing funding. The
course also deals with lending methods: individual and group lending methodologies which place
an emphasis on understanding the client, her/his financial needs and business cycles, streamlined
procedures and detailed loan analysis for delinquency prevention. The course also focuses on the
problems confronting the microfinance institutions and the impact of microfinance on clients’
well-being. Specific topics include: Theories of Microfinance, Microfinance in Ghana, Supply of
Microfinance, Demand for Microfinance, Microfinance Product Development, Microfinance and
Financial Regulation, Microfinance Sustainability, Challenges in the Microfinance Sector and
Rural Banking.
38
PROGRAMME STRUCTURE
BSc Administration (Insurance option)
LEVEL 300 COURSES
First Semester
FINC 351 Introduction to Insurance 3
Elective 3
Total 18
Second Semester
FINC 352 Principles and Practice of Insurance 3
Elective 3
Total 18
Electives
FINC 304: Managerial Economics
LEVEL 400 COURSES

First Semester
FINC 451 Introduction to Actuarial Science 3
FINC 453 Elements of Risk and Insurance 3
FINC 455 Insurance of Liability 3
FINC 457 Insurance Management 3
Elective 3
Total 18
Second Semester
FINC 452 Property and Pecuniary Insurance 3
FINC 454 Assurance of the Person 3
FINC 456 Pensions and Social Insurance 3
FINC 458 Health Insurance 3
Total 15
39
Electives
FINC 459: Insurance of Transportation
FINC 400: Long Essay
Course Descriptions
BSc Administration (Insurance option)
FINC 351: Introduction to Insurance
The main objective of this course is to provide students with basic knowledge about fundamental
issues in insurance. These include the development of insurance, the ability to explain the concept of
insurance and to distinguish this from similar institutions. Insurance will also be examined within the
general framework of the risk management process. This course also aims at examining the
insurance market, including those determinant factors which impact on the behaviour of the market
participants. Specific topics include: the History of Insurance, the Concept of Insurance, Micro- and
Macro-economic Functions of Insurance, Insurance as an Instrument of Risk Management, Insurance
Markets and Competition, Control and Supervision of Insurance, Insurance Companies, Mergers and
Acquisitions, and Insurance Concerns and Insurance Cartels.
FINC 352: Principles and Practice of Insurance

This course exposes students to the basic principles underlying insurance contractual relationships. It
enables them to understand the processes and documentation involved in establishing and
maintaining insurance relationships, and to appreciate the framework for the general conduct of
insurance business, including the importance and principles of reinsurance. Specific topics include:
insurance contract, insurance policy, analysis of insurance contracts, insurance premium, claims,
assignment, insurance agency, insolvency and reinsurance.
FINC 451: Introduction to Actuarial Science

Actuarial science is a field of study that deals with the evaluation of future events and designing of
creative ways to reduce the likelihood of undesirable events and their impact on our society. It
utilizes mathematical, statistical and financial methods to model and minimise the occurrence of
these events and their associated financial losses. Actuaries are professionals responsible for risk
management and calculation of premiums for insurance companies. This course focuses on basic
actuarial science concepts. The objective of this course is to provide students with the basic
concepts in probability, statistics and financial mathematics for the evaluation of future events and
undesirable events on our society. It is also designed to meet the basic needs of students intending
to take the professional examination on Construction and Evaluation of Actuarial Models given by
the Causality Actuarial Society and the Society of Actuaries. Topics include: Probability, Loss
Distribution, Financial Mathematics, Linear and Matrix Algebra, Statistical Concepts for
Actuaries, Survival and Severity Models, Aggregate Compound Models, Life Contingency
Models and Ruin Theory.
FINC 453: Elements of Risk and Insurance

This course aims at providing the participant with a very clear understanding of the concept of
risk, particularly in insurance business practice. It offers the student an appreciation of the issues
involved in the determination of the portfolios of risks, as well as the evaluation and the pricing of
risks. Specific topics include: concepts of risk, the technical unit and the portfolio of risks,
classification of risks, measurement of risk, risk and the law of large numbers, insurability of
individual risks and insurance premium calculation.
FINC 455: Insurance of Liability

This course is intended to help students appreciate the law in relation to insurable liabilities; apply
40
the knowledge acquired to particular situations and for that matter solve practical problems; become
conversant with the technical process of underwriting, administration and handling of claims arising
from liability risks; and understand the reinsurance of liability risks. Specific topics include: the
nature of liability, basic legal concepts, sources and types of legal liabilities, the concept of loss and
indemnity in liability insurance, the liability insurance contract, application of insurance principles,
types of liability exposures, and reinsurance of original liability risks.
FINC 457: Insurance Management

This course aims at making students understand how insurance enterprises are organized, know the
basic characteristics of insurance cover and understand the production processes involved, appreciate
the management functions in insurance business, understand the operational environment of
insurance enterprises, in particular the regulatory framework, and relate the insurance sector to other
sectors of the economy. Specific topics include: basic concepts in the theory of insurance
management, the insurance company as a production system, organisation of the insurance company,
the legal framework of insurance business operations, insurance management functions, insurance
company financing, insurance supervision, regulation and control, and insurance and the national
economy.
FINC 459: Insurance of Transportation

This course aims at teaching students the main types of transportation insurance; the technical issues
involved in the underwriting, administration and claims management of transportation risks; the
importance and types and forms of reinsurance applicable to the original transportation risks. The
course will also ensure awareness of the legal framework within which these insurances operate.
Specific topics include: introduction to the insurances of transportation (Motor, Marine and
Aviation), Motor vehicle insurance, the Law of Negligence, relevant sections of the Motor Vehicle
Act, 1958 (Ghana), types of motor covers, underwriting and rating considerations, proposal forms
and other documentation, motor claims management and reinsurance of motor risks.
FINC 452: Property and Pecuniary Insurance

This course is in two parts. Part one aims at providing fundamental knowledge about the basic
principles and the essential features of property and pecuniary insurances. Part two deals
specifically with fire insurance, which constitutes the major aspect of this branch of insurance. By
the end of the course, the student should appreciate the main tools required in underwriting and
processing fire policies as well as managing claims effectively. Specific topics include:
introduction to property and pecuniary insurances and application of basic principles, types of
property and pecuniary insurances (Scope of Covers), introduction to fire insurance, standard fire
policy, fire and allied perils policy, underwriting fire risks, fire claims management, fire
reinsurance, package policies (Scope of Covers), project insurance (Scope of Covers, Contractors
All Risks and Erection All Risks).
FINC 454: Assurance of the Person

This course focuses on the major insurances relating to the bodily sphere of the individual. By the
end of the course, the participant should understand the basic issues in Life, Accident and Health
insurances. In particular, the course provides deeper knowledge about the different types of life
policies and their economic uses, as well as the concepts and the technicalities in underwriting,
documentation and claims management in life insurance. Specific topics include classification of
assurances of the person, life assurance, legal framework of life assurance contracts, life assurance
products, practical uses of life assurance, life assurance marketing and selling, underwriting life
risks, claims management, reassurance, and the life assurance industry in Ghana.
41
FINC 456: Pensions and Social Insurance
This course aims at making the students aware of the need for an effective social security system and
provides the background to pension schemes. The course will expose students to the difference
between social insurance and private individual insurances. It outlines the key issues involved in the
organisation of social security schemes and discusses the characteristic features of the main
employee benefit schemes. Specific topics include: the concept of social security and the
development of pension schemes, legislative framework on retirement and other benefit schemes,
forms of pension schemes, organisation and design of pension schemes and social insurance
schemes.
FINC 458: Health Insurance

This course aims at teaching students the differences in the nature of private individual health
insurance and the social national health insurance schemes; the operational aspects of health
insurance schemes; and the distinction between individual and group health insurance schemes. The
course will also make clear the business uses of individual health insurance. Specific topics include:
principles of health insurance, underwriting the health risk, the health insurance contract,
determination of premiums (Individual and Group premiums), claims management, cost
containment, handling of reserves, the main types of health insurance protection, hospitals as insurers
and health financing reform in developing countries.
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND

HEALTH SERVICES MANAGEMENT
INTRODUCTION
The Public Administration and Health Services Management Department offers Bachelor and
Masters programmes aimed at preparing students from diverse backgrounds to become
professionals with the ability to assume leadership and management roles in national and
international public organizations. The Department’s programmes also prepare graduating students
with skills, knowledge and background to enable them function effectively as administrators and
managers in private, non-government and non-profit organizations. In order to achieve its
objectives, the Department currently offers undergraduate programmes in Public Administration
and Health Services Management.
PROGRAMME STRUCTURE
BSc Administration (Health Service Management option)
Level 300 Courses
First Semester
PAHS 303 Health Services Management 3
PAHS 309 Health and Safety in Organisations 3
Elective 3
Total 18
42
Electives
PAHS 301: Political Setting of Administration 3 credits
PAHS 305: Management of Non-Governmental Organisations 3 credits
Second Semester
PAHS 302 Contemporary Issues in Public Health 3
PAHS 306 Health Statistics and Information 3
PAHS 316 Socio-cultural Dimensions of Health 3
Elective 3
Total 18
Electives
PAHS 304: Local Government Administration 3 credits
ACCT 304: Auditing 3 credits
OHRM 304: Introduction to Human Resource Management 3 credits
Level 400
First Semester
PAHS 403 Health Planning 3
PAHS 405 Comparative Health Systems 3
PAHS 415 Introduction to Ethics in Administration 3
PAHS 421 Healthcare Financing 3
PAHS 423 Purchasing and Materials Management 3
Elective 3
Total 18
Electives
PAHS 400: Long Essay 3 credits
PAHS 411: Environmental Management 3 credits
PAHS 423: Principles of Healthcare Quality Assurance 3 credits
Second Semester
PAHS 402 Health Services Marketing 3
PAHS 404 Applications of Epidemiology 3
PAHS 406 Health Law 3
Elective 3
Total 18
Electives
PAHS 400: Long Essay 3 credits
PAHS 418: Foundations of Health Promotion 3 credits
43
OHRM 404: Manpower Planning 3 credits
FINC 458: Health Insurance 3 credits
Course Descriptions
BSc Administration (Health Service Management option)
PAHS 302: Contemporary Issues in Public Health

The course introduces students to the concepts and theories of new public health and their inter-
relationships. It provides students with the framework for understanding the essential variables that
promote public health. The course encompasses basic principles, theories and emerging issues in
public health, community health and health promotion. Participants, after the course, must
demonstrate satisfactory understanding of practical skills in planning and managing community
health programmes.
PAHS 303: Health Services Management

The course provides aspiring health service management professionals with the necessary conceptual
framework and analytical tools for managing health systems/institutions and programmes. It
introduces the major management theories and their applications to health systems.
PAHS 306: Health Statistics and Information

This course measures the concept called health. It familiarises students with health indicators, ways
of gathering, analysing and evaluating health data and information. The course introduces students
to health statistical terminologies and statistical methods of health management. The emphasis is on
the uses and applicability of health statistics and information for improving and managing health.
PAHS 309: Health and Safety in Organisations

This course introduces future managers to health and safety practices in organizations. It touches on
issues regarding duties and responsibilities of employers and employees on safety practices in
organisations. Topics to be covered include industrial layout, hazard protection, accidents and
emergencies in work environments, reporting systems of injuries and health implications of business
activities. At the end of the course, participants are expected to gain the rudiments of ensuring safe
and healthy work environments.
PAHS 316: Socio-Cultural Dimensions of Health

The purpose of this course is to help students understand health from a cross-cultural perspective.
It is to give students an insight into the spread of globalization and its related multi-complex
linkages in the spheres of environmental, economic, political, technological and social changes
and their effect on health. Topics include culture and health, issues in global health, inequalities in
global health systems, changing determinants of health and key players in global health
governance. It is expected that at the end of this course, students will be able to demonstrate how
the global environmental and economic changes invariably impinge on health and healthcare
delivery, and how socio-cultural changes in life style affect the health of a population.
PAHS 402: Health Services Marketing

The Health Services Marketing course introduces essential marketing management knowledge and
skills to students who may end up working in either public or private sectors of the health services.
It examines the contemporary perspective of marketing and its relevance to fulfilling the missions of
health service organisations.
44
PAHS 403: Health Planning
This course is concerned with providing students and managers of health systems with an
understanding of the conceptual framework and skills in health planning and how these can be
applied to health systems of developing countries. Developing countries are witnessing accelerated
interest in the application of modern management methods to health services, systematic appraisal of
health care systems and their components and rational planning to allocate scarce health resources
efficiently according to accepted priorities.
PAHS 404: Applications of Epidemiology

This is an introductory course in epidemiology. Students will learn basic concepts in epidemiology
and their application to health care delivery in Ghana. Topics covered will include: Introduction to
Epidemiology, Principles of Epidemiology, Epidemiological Methods and Community Diagnosis,
Disease Control and Prevention and Communicable Disease Transmission.
PAHS 405: Comparative Health Systems

This course will provide an overview of the health care systems in different countries of the world.
It will examine the prevailing health care systems regarding planning, organisation, financing,
delivery, utilisation, control and the relative roles government and private sectors play.
PAHS 406: Health Law

This course is designed to assist students to appreciate the historical development of health
institutions and legislation in Ghana. The course content includes the examination and analysis of
health legislation, hospital institutions (definition and classification), boards and personnel of
health institutions and mental health institutions.
PAHS 407: Purchasing and Materials Management

This course will provide an overview of the health care systems in different countries of the world.
Specifically, the course will examine the prevailing health care systems in developed and
developing countries, as well as developed health care systems regarding planning, organisation,
financing, delivery, utilisation, control and the relative roles government and private sectors play.
PAHS 411: Environmental Management

Environmental Management is a complex task - one that requires a new generation of managers who
are equipped with both traditional business skills and training specific to the environmental challenges
that most businesses face. The Environmental Management course is designed to provide students
with such training and to offer constructive entrepreneurial approaches to environmental and natural
resource issues. The course applies functional management skills to environmental concerns such as
clean air, clean water, solid and hazardous waste generation and disposal, and endangered species
protection.
PAHS 415: Introduction to Ethics in Administration

This course addresses the moral challenges facing leaders in public and non-governmental
organisations. It examines values and virtues important to sustained ethical leadership, as well as
strategies to build strong institutional cultures and support ethical practices in institutions. It also
considers moral and political theory by focusing on contemporary cases and issues. Students learn
how to identify moral issues in public life and public management. There is a special focus on the
integration of moral concerns into public discussion in a manner that contributes to good policy and
does not polarise issues.
45
PAHS 418: Foundations of Health Promotion
The purpose of this course is to expose future managers of health institutions to contemporary
trends in the global health agenda, thereby preparing them to reorient health services with the
purpose of inculcating health promotion principles in the day-to-day administration of health care
institutions. Participants in this course will be introduced to theories in health promotion and
equipped with skills that are necessary to help shape health services towards a new public health
orientation. After the course, the student should demonstrate skills in planning, conducting,
analysing and reporting on a health promotion investigation.
PAHS 421: Healthcare Financing

This course introduces students to the basic techniques that can be employed to enhance
sustainable financing of healthcare organisations. Topics to be covered include principles of
healthcare accounting, budget management, revenue generation and cash management and other
perspectives on health financing.
PAHS 423: Principles of Healthcare Quality Assurance

This module is designed to introduce students to the various approaches that can be taken to
achieve service excellence in healthcare organisations. The topics to be covered are components of
service quality, promoting teamwork, the role of quality assurance teams, satisfaction surveys and
employee training.
FINC 458: Health Insurance

The objective of this course is to introduce students to the operations and management of social
health insurance schemes in Ghana. The course covers principles of health insurance, individual
and group premiums, claim management, cost containment, management of reserves and the
challenges confronting social health insurance schemes in Ghana.
PROGRAMME STRUCTURE
BSc Administration (Public Administration option)
Level 300 Courses
First Semester
PAHS 301 Political Setting of Administration 3
PAHS 305 Management of NGOs 3
PAHS 307 Constitutional Law 3
PAHS 303 Health Services Management 3
Total 18
Second Semester
PAHS 304 Local Government Administration 3
PAHS 308 Democracy and Policy Making 3
PAHS 312 Export Administration 3
PAHS 318 Public Administration 3
Elective 3
Total 18
46
Level 400 Courses
First Semester
PAHS 401 Public Finance 3
PAHS 409 Public Sector Management 3
PAHS 411 Environmental Management 3
PAHS 427 Administrative Law 3
PAHS 415 Introduction to Ethics in Administration 3
Elective 3
Total 18
ELECTIVES
PAHS 400: Long Essay
PAHS 419: Introduction to Tourism Planning and Management
Second Semester
UGBS 402 Business Policy
PAHS 408 Public Personnel Administration 3
PAHS 428 Development Administration 3
Two (2) Electives 6
Total 18
ELECTIVES
PAHS 400: Long Essay
OHRM 402: Industrial Relations
PAHS 416: Metropolitan /Municipal Administration
Course Descriptions
B Sc. Administration (Public Administration option)
PAHS 301: Political Setting of Public Administration

This course seeks to introduce students to basic concepts and terminologies in administration and
politics, and to familiarise students with the political context of administration in Ghana. Specific
topics to be covered include the nature and scope of administration and politics; the politics-
administration dichotomy; the Political System - System Perspective on the Political Process;
organizations as political systems; power, authority and morality; government and administration in
Ghana; administrative responsibility and accountability; and contemporary issues in the politics-
administration dichotomy in Ghana.
PAHS 304: Local Government Administration

The objective of this course is to provide the student with an understanding of the role and functions
as well as the management of local government in a modern state. Specific topics to be treated
include the history and development of local government in Ghana; local government reforms; the
relationship between central and local government; community participation in local governance; the
institutional and regulatory framework of local governance in Ghana; contemporary issues in local
government finance; capacity issues in local government administration; traditional authorities and
their administration and the politics of local government.
47
PAHS 305: Management of NGOs
The course seeks to equip students with an overview of the techniques for the successful
functioning and management of NGOs within the global arena. The course examines topics like
the context of NGO management; the concept of NGOs and their role in development; constitutive
elements of NGOs; theories on the rise of NGO work; organizational structure and performance of
NGOs; strategic management of NGOs; ethics and leadership in NGOs; NGOs and the law;
auditing and evaluation of NGOs; community entry and engagement strategies; creating NGOs;
raising funds; and the marketing of NGOs.
PAHS 307: Constitutional Law

This course aims to enhance students’ appreciation of the constitution and its relevance for
democracy, good governance and public administration. Specific topics to be treated include the basis
and sources of laws in Ghana; Ghanaian constitutions and constitutional rule in Ghana; the legal
framework for upholding and enforcing the constitution; legal implications of the constitution on
governance; constitutional reforms and the principles and applications of constitutional law.
PAHS 308: Democracy and Policy Making

The course seeks to help students understand the process by which public policy is created and
implemented at all levels of government in Ghana. It examines the political and social context that
shapes the practice of public administration and public policy making, as well as the normative
issues that public administrators face as they seek to make effective decisions. Areas to be covered
include fundamental issues in public administration; citizenship and national identity; norms that
govern practice, such as efficiency, effectiveness, representation, participation, accountability,
transparency and sovereignty; the rapid mobilization of social groups; the spread of pluralistic
political systems; the policymaking process, democracy and democratization; models of
democracy; contemporary issues in democracy in Ghana; public administration –democracy
synergy; and public policymaking in democratic states.
PAHS 312: Export Administration

This course examines the theory and practice of export administration and management. Specifically,
this course examines the nature and scope of the Ghanaian export sector; institutional and regulatory
framework of export in Ghana; patterns in the evolution and development of export policy; trade
liberalization and Ghanaian exports; export promotion and financing, traditional and non-traditional
export management and pressure groups in export management.
PAHS 318: Public Administration

The purpose of this course is to offer an introduction to the systems of public administration in
selected nation states of today. Specific topics to be treated include public administration in
developing countries; rationale; the context and concept of public administration; models for
analysing public administration systems; and lessons from comparative public administration
analyses.
PAHS 401: Public Finance

The purpose of this course is to provide students with the basic principles and practice of funding
government expenditure in Ghana. The course examines the core issues in the economics of the
public sector. Specific topics will include: the concept, nature and objectives of Public Finance;
efficiency and resource allocation; government’s role in public sector financial management; public
goods, externalities and market/government failures; the constitution and public finance; public
expenditure; budgeting, budget structures and budget reforms; public revenue; taxation; the role and
influence of pressure groups and interest groups on the national budget; and debt Administration
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Managing Funds.
PAHS 408: Public Personnel Administration

This course explores the way public sector organisations procure, allocate and develop labour, and
how the employee-employer relationship is established and maintained. Topics to be discussed
include the nature and scope of human resource management; an evaluation of theory and practice of
public sector human resource management; human resource management in the Ghanaian public
sector, human resource planning in the public sector; recruitment and selection into the public
service; compensation in the public sector; downsizing in the public sector; and collective bargaining
in the public sector.
PAHS 411: Environmental Management

This course aims to create awareness and empower students with both traditional business skills and
training specific to the environmental challenges that most businesses face. It also aims at guiding
students to more sustainable ways of using the environment as an aesthetic, business and communal
resource. The course examines topics like the nature, scope and forms of the environment; definition,
concept and constraints of environmental management; hazardous waste generation and disposal;
endangered species protection; environmental management systems; business-environment
relationships; the environment and sustainable development; environmental protection policy and
agencies; ecotourism; the impact of globalisation on the environment; and the role of the private
sector, multinational corporations and NGOs in environmental management.
PAHS 428: Development Administration

The course provides the student the theoretical and practical analysis of the administration of
development initiatives and the development of the institutional framework for development and
nation building. The course examines the interrelationship between change and modernisation; the
concept and drivers of development; development planning; the forces of change and
development; the need for change agents; components and causal patterns of social change; the
process, conditions of economic development; major strategies of development; the dynamics of
political development in terms of the functions of the political system; determinants and processes
of political development; interdependencies and interactions of development factors; and socio-
cultural transformation.
PAHS 427: Administrative Law

This course seeks to empower students with the legal issues involved in managing public sector
organizations. Specific topics to be covered include the nature, limits and scope of administrative law;
sources of law in Ghana; institutional framework of administrative law in Ghana; the legislative
framework of administrative law in Ghana; principles of administrative law and natural justice; the
prerogative writs; and alternative dispute resolutions.
PAHS 416: Metropolitan/Municipal Administration

The purpose of the course is to introduce major issues in urban politics and related trends and
problems in urban administration. The course is organised as a seminar and will cover themes like
urbanization; the concept of urban administration; the history and evolution of urban administration;
administering urban development in the 21st Century; legal and institutional framework for urban
administration; stakeholders in urban administration; community participation; and the local
government-urban administration interface.
49
PAHS 417: ICT and Public Administration
The main aim of this course is to promote the utilisation of appropriate information and
communication technologies to enhance business of government and delivery of public service to
customers. Topics to be treated include the concept of e-government; new public management e-
administration, the role of ICT in public service in developing countries; issues in adoption and
implementation of e-government projects; political and socio-cultural issues in e-government; legal
framework of e-governance; ICT as a tool and technique for modernising public administration;
challenges of e-governance implementation; and the implication of e-governance for public
administration and governance in developing countries.
PAHS 419: Introduction to Tourism Planning and Management

This course is intended to introduce students to the tools, institutions, analytical techniques, financing
instruments, and policy issues relevant in today’s environment where increased responsibilities are
being passed on to sub-national governments, and where local officials and their constituents
clamour for increased control over their own economic destiny. Issues to be discussed include
conceptual framework of local economic development; tourism planning and management;
sustainable tourism; forms and types of local economic development; the increasingly limited local
economic resources; LED policy; financing local economic development policy; innovation and
entrepreneurship; and community participation in LED.
DEPARTMENT OF MARKETING AND CUSTOMER MANAGEMENT
INTRODUCTION
Astute marketing practices are the bedrock of successful enterprises the world over and effective
and efficient customer management is also an absolute sine qua non for the success of any
business enterprise. In line with the vision of the University of Ghana, the Department of
Marketing and Customer Management at the University of Ghana Business School is a world class
University Department providing marketing and customer management education at the
undergraduate and postgraduate levels. The Department is the oldest marketing Department in
Ghana and currently boasts two Bachelor’s degree programmes; one in Marketing and the other in
Electronic Commerce and Customer Management.
The Department is an innovative unit that continues to define its mission around the creation of
world class marketing personnel for public, private and not-for-profit sectors in Ghana and beyond
and also facilitates the continuing professional development of its faculty. Faculty in the
Department of Marketing and Customer Management conduct research in green marketing, e-
business, marketing communications, entrepreneurship, international marketing, international
business, tourism, corporate social responsibility and bank marketing and provide cutting-edge
marketing and management advice to organisations within and outside of the University of Ghana.
50
PROGRAMME STRUCTURE
BSc Administration (Marketing option)
LEVEL 300 COURSES
First Semester
MKTG 303 Introduction to Electronic Business 3
MKTG 305 Consumer Behaviour 3
Free Elective 3
Total 18
Second Semester
MKTG 302 Sales Management 3
MKTG 304 Integrated Marketing Communications 3
MKTG 308 Retail Strategy 3
Free Elective 3
Total 18
Free Electives
Semester 1
PAHS 301: Political Setting of Public Administration
Semester 2
OHRM 304: Introduction to Human Resource Management
PAHS 312: Export Administration
LEVEL 400 COURSES

First Semester
MKTG 401 Marketing Research 3
MKTG 403 Electronic Marketing Essentials 3
MKTG 405 Fundamentals of Social Marketing 3
MKTG 407 Marketing Management 3
Free Elective 3
Total 18
51
Second Semester
MKTG 402 Tourism Marketing 3
MKTG 404 International Marketing 3
MKTG 406 Services Marketing 3
Elective 3
Total 15
Free Electives
Semester 1
MKTG 400: Long Essay
MKTG 409: Relationship Marketing
Semester 2
Course Descriptions
BSc Administration (Marketing option)
MKTG 301: Principles of Marketing

This course is designed to teach the fundamental concepts and practice of modern marketing. The
objective is to provide knowledge that will facilitate consumers’ needs and wants identification
and satisfaction while achieving organisational goals and ensuring society’s well-being. Specific
areas of concentration include environmental analysis, strategic planning, marketing information
systems and decision-making, consumer analysis, product design, pricing, distribution, and
promotion.
MKTG 302: Sales Management

Personal selling, as a marketing sub-function, is embedded in the promotional component. It is a
revenue-generating function which is performed by a team of sales personnel usually referred to as
the “sales force”. Owing to the unique features of the personal selling job (e.g. there is little or no
direct supervision) it is considered necessary to equip potential sales force managers with distinct
management skills in order to ensure efficiency and effectiveness. Sales Management, as a
course, is therefore designed to provide managers with the requisite knowledge in planning,
organising, directing and control, with specific reference to sales personnel. Core skills acquired
by the end of the course include motivation, compensation, forecasting and routing, and
salesmanship.
MKTG 303: Introduction to Electronic Business

This course provides an overview of e-business with a focus on its implementation through the
Internet in the context of today’s competitive business environment. This course provides an in-
depth and up-to-date analysis of the management issues that face business organizations as they
embrace the Internet revolution. It also examines the e-business strategies being employed by
firms in a range of different industry sectors.
MKTG 304: Integrated Marketing Communications

The main objective of the course is to provide students with the requisite knowledge and skills that
52
will enable them apply the concepts and theories of integrated marketing communications planning
within different organisational set-ups. Thus, the course is designed to equip students with the
concept of IMC, its evolution, importance, benefits, and barriers to integration. The semester’s
programme covers a very broad field of the subject including a conceptual framework of the
marketing communication process, the processes of integration, IMC planning and implementation,
building and sustaining positive brand and corporate image and the importance of developing
corporate mission statements in charting an effective communication path for the organisation.
Marketing concepts like market segmentation, audience targeting and positioning strategies will
extensively feature in the programme.
MKTG 305: Consumer Behaviour

The nature of today’s marketplace demands that marketers and organisations understand the
consumer if they are to achieve the firm’s marketing and sales strategy. This course on consumer
behaviour exposes students to the various influences that affect consumers in their consumption
related decisions. The course covers topics like consumer research, market segmentation and
consumer decision making.
MKTG 306: Fundamentals of Entrepreneurship

The main objective of the course is that students should be able to apply their entrepreneurial and
innovative skills in creating and managing their enterprises/organisations. Motivated individual
students should also be capable of creating their own ventures. To achieve this, students will be
offered the opportunity to acquire knowledge and understand concepts pertinent to
entrepreneurship viz innovation, competitiveness of companies, micro-macroeconomics and socio-
economic development process, common research areas in the general field of entrepreneurship,
enterprise development and management.
MKTG 308: Retail Strategy

Retail Strategy is structured to teach those business activities involved with the sale of goods and
services directly to final consumers. The objective of this course is to expose students to the
crucial role played by retailing in any marketing process as part of the distribution function. The
student also acquires knowledge of the major types of retailers, managing the retail function
strategically, service retailing, internationalisation of retailing and the future of retailing.
MKTG 401: Marketing Research

The course equips students with tools for conducting consumer-based research, with the objective
of identifying needs, wants and preferences for effective marketing strategy formulation and
customer satisfaction. This course focuses on an in-depth appreciation of the nature and scope of
marketing research. It exposes students to the framework and processes of conducting an effective
marketing research assignment and critically important techniques like questionnaire design,
sampling, data collection and analysis using various statistical techniques.
MKTG 402: Tourism Marketing

This programme builds upon a healthy knowledge in marketing and develops synergies between
tourism, marketing and the management of tourism with a focus on the theoretical and vocational
issues associated with this expanding international industry. Thus, the programme is international
in outlook, and relies on close associations with major tourism stakeholders to forge an industry-
driven curriculum. Tourism Marketing provides the student with an understanding of the concepts
and systems underlying marketing processes in tourism and equips him/her with the necessary
analytical and research-based knowledge to contribute effectively towards the development and
sustained profitability of the tourism sector.
53
MKTG 403: Electronic Marketing Essentials
This course investigates all aspects of electronic marketing with a focus on its implementation
through the Internet and the World Wide Web. Particular attention is paid to the use of the Internet
to transform inter and intra-organisational transactions and processes, with a focus on marketing.
As such, topics such as electronic trade, electronic channelling, electronic sales, electronic
distribution, electronic marketplaces and web communications are some of the topics covered in
this course.
MKTG 404: International Marketing

The course focuses on techniques and strategies needed to apply the marketing concept in the
world marketplace. It provides understanding of the global business environment. A country's
cultural and environmental impact on the marketing plan is emphasised. Thus, competing in
international markets of varied economic, political and legal perspectives is considered. There is
exposition on regional integration strategies and their impact on international marketing. Issues
related to international products, pricing, distribution and communications are addressed.
Additionally, negotiating with international customers and partners is given due attention for
successful implementation of international marketing strategies.
MKTG 405: Fundamentals of Social Marketing

The focus of this course is on community relations, public education and social marketing.
Students explore, analyze and apply concepts such as community assessment and empowerment,
visioning and educational principles and strategies. Students will also analyse the various
components of the mass media, ownership and its effects on content. In addition, through shared
experiences, group work and critiquing of actual social marketing educational and public relations
programmes, students develop commendable capacity for social marketing application.
MKTG 406: Services Marketing

This course will examine the theoretical/conceptual, strategic, and operational issues pertaining to
the marketing of services. At the end of this course it is expected that students will be familiar
with the theoretical and normative issues of marketing services. They should know how to
investigate, assess, and resolve quality problems; how to ensure employee participation in the
delivery of quality service; and how to develop, implement and control profitable service
marketing strategies.
MKTG 407: Marketing Management

The course presents marketing from a strong strategic perspective. Thus, it integrates the tools of
marketing into a unified strategy that delivers value to customers to ensure sustainable competitive
advantage. Key issues considered include the marketing environment, the marketing value mix
variables, strategic marketing planning, strategy implementation, its evaluation and control.
MKTG 409: Relationship Marketing

This course focuses on the conceptual and theoretical foundations of Relationship Marketing. A
number of theoretical perspectives developed in economics, law and social psychology are being
applied in Relationship Marketing. These include transactions cost analysis, agency theory,
relational contracting, social exchange theory, network theory, and inter-organisational exchange
behaviour. It includes an analysis of different types of business relationships, such as those
between a company and its suppliers, customers and distributors.
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PROGRAMME STRUCTURE
BSc. Administration (E-commerce & Customer Management option)
Level 300 Courses
First Semester
MKTG 303 Introduction to Electronic Business 3
ECCM 301 Customer Care Essentials 3
Elective 3
Total 18
Second Semester
ECCM 302 Customer Relationship Management 3
ECCM 304 Mobile Commerce and Marketing 3
ECCM 306 Introduction to E-Service Management 3
ECCM 308 Innovation and New Product Development 3
Elective 3
Total 18
Electives
Semester 1
Semester 2
LEVEL 400 COURSES

First Semester
ECCM 401 Measuring Customer Satisfaction 3
MKTG 403 Electronic Marketing Essentials 3
ECCM 403 Key Account Management 3
ECCM 405 Public Sector Marketing Management 3
Elective 3
Total 18
Second Semester
ECCM 402 Trust Building and Negotiation Skills 3
ECCM 404 Corporate Social Responsibility and 3
Sustainability Marketing
ECCM 406 Service Management and Recovery 3
Elective 3
Total 15
55
Electives
Semester 1
Semester 2
Course Descriptions
BSc. Administration (E-commerce & Customer Management option)
ECCM 301: Customer Care Essentials

Every savvy business leader recognises that business success hinges on providing internal and
external customers with a high level of service that surpasses their expectations. Customer care is
essential not only in the retention of existing clients, but also in fostering business growth. This
course on customer care will expose students to the rudiments of customer care and will focus on
topics such as customer behaviours and expectations, listening to customers, the internal customer,
customer communication, recognition and reward and the sustenance of a customer focus.
ECCM 302: Customer Relationship Management

As the business world increasingly shifts from a product focus to a customer focus, most
organisations recognise that treating existing customers well is the best source of profitable and
sustainable revenue growth. In the face of increasing competition, mature markets and the ever
demanding customer, customer defection is now just a mouse click away. This course on customer
relationship management introduces students to an enterprise wide approach to customer
acquisition and management and focuses on topics such as the market-intelligent enterprise,
customer loyalty tools, channel management, learning and knowledge as well as performance
alignment.
ECCM 304: Mobile Commerce and Marketing

We have entered the “all mobile era’’. In Ghana, the leading telecommunication provider, MTN
boasts of 8 million subscribers (NCA, 2009) and mobile phones have become much more than
entertainment handsets. Mobile phone owners expect a high-end customer experience with current
3G handsets featuring high resolution colour displays, audio and video content streaming and
Internet access at broadband speeds. These rich communication environments are encouraging and
facilitating the development of business and marketing applications for mobile phones.
This course on Mobile Marketing focuses on how marketing is now being conducted via mobile
phones in an increasingly wireless world. Topics to be covered in the course include mobile
revenue generating services; value added services; SMS marketing and promotions; mobile
retailing; mobile commerce; mobile spam and various ways by which the mobile phone improves
the value chain activities of profit and not-for-profit organisations.
ECCM 306: Introduction to E-Service Management

The course introduces students to the subject of service management in the digital economy.
Aspects of the subject that will be covered include: the reconfiguration of the service mix in an
electronic age; Internet business models; e-customers; and the relevant e-tools that could be
utilised in e-service planning.
56
ECCM 308: Innovation and New Product Development
The subject of innovation and new product development is often treated as a series of separate
specialisations rather than as an integrated task. The main objective of this course is to bring
together the areas of innovation and new products development and to keep a strong emphasis on
innovation as a management process. As innovation continues to be at the forefront of economic
and political debate, this course hopes to equip students with the requisite skills and knowledge in
order to survive in the changing global competitive market place. The course covers areas like
innovation management, managing innovation within firms and managing organisational
knowledge.
ECCM 401: Measuring Customer Satisfaction

Customer satisfaction may be described as the customer’s perception that his or her expectations
have been met or surpassed. This must be constantly assessed and measured to reveal any pitfalls
in service delivery and to enable businesses respond immediately with the most appropriate
corrective measures. This involves companies finding out what the customers want and using that
information to reduce the kinds of products and services that will keep them coming back. This
course is an introduction to the various modes of measuring customer satisfaction and the various
instruments that could be employed to achieve it.
MKTG 403: Electronic Marketing Essentials

This course investigates all aspects of electronic marketing with a focus on its implementation
through the Internet and the World Wide Web. Particular attention is paid to the use of the Internet
to transform inter and intra-organisational transactions and processes, with a focus on marketing.
As such, topics such as electronic trade, electronic channelling, electronic sales, electronic
distribution, electronic marketplaces and web communications are some of the topics covered in
this course.
ECCM 403: Key Account Management

Key accounts are usually the biggest source of revenue to both retail and B2B organizations and
require a specialised type of customer management. Key Account Management introduces
students to issues such as negotiations, category and space management; Identification and
development of key accounts; key account planning and strategy development.
ECCM 405: Public Sector Marketing Management

The public sector in most developing countries is bedevilled by an acute lack of a service
marketing orientation and this has led to inefficiencies in several developing economy public
institutions, Ghana, not excluded. Public Sector Marketing Management examines the role of
marketing in public organizations, from planning through execution and evaluation. It looks at
marketing from the perspective of creating value for different organisational stakeholders. This
course examines specific applications for public sector organisations such as local government in
the context of leisure, culture and the arts, regeneration, education and social services. The main
theme of the course is creating value for stakeholders through a philosophy based on setting a
vision, creating and communicating the values and establishing a culture. This course on
marketing the public sector focuses on how a more market oriented approach can be adopted by
public sector institutions. Key topics that will be covered include service marketing challenges
faced by the public sector, public sector marketing tools, creating and measuring stakeholder
value, corporate brand building and delivering services, marketing process management and
moment of truth encounters.
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ECCM 402: Trust Building and Negotiation Skills
Low trust causes friction amongst internal customers of every organisation and also between an
organisation and its external customer audiences. Low trust slows down decisions, communication
and organisational relationships. High trust helps to foster brand loyalty, organisational
commitment and organisational profitability. This course on trust building and negotiation skills
exposes students to topics like building organisational trust, trust building behaviours,
organisational credibility, organisational conflict management, market trust and societal trust.
ECCM 404: Corporate Social Responsibility and Sustainability Marketing

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has become a global phenomenon that makes use of
innovative approaches for solving social, environmental and economic problems with the aim to
increase the benefits for society in general, and for the stakeholders of organisations in particular.
There are many organisations that have not yet undertaken initiatives related to CSR. This is due
to the lack of knowledge about this corporative “philosophy” and this course on CSR and
sustainability marketing is positioned to fill this gap. This course conceptualizes CSR as covering
issues like social marketing, corporate philanthropy, sustainable business practices, employee
health and safety, employee training and remuneration, product quality, customer
complaints/satisfaction, and charitable donations and activities. Students will write a CSR case
study at the end of the course.
ECCM 406: Service Management and Recovery

Services are performances, deeds and acts, and whilst in product management we aim for zero
defects, in services management we aim for zero defectives. Managing services can be a far more
demanding organisational challenge compared to products because services are intangible,
heterogeneous and perishable. Due to the heterogeneous nature of services, service failures
sometimes occur and the capacity of organizations to skillfully manage these failure situations
could always be the difference between lost businesses and satisfied clients. This course will focus
on topics like service blueprinting, service recovery paradox, service empowerment and service
boundary spanning roles.

The course presents marketing from a strong strategic perspective. Thus, it integrates the tools of
marketing into a unified strategy that delivers value to customers to ensure sustainable competitive
advantage. Key issues considered include the marketing environment, the marketing value mix
variables, strategic marketing planning, strategy implementation, its evaluation and control.
DEPARTMENT OF ORGANISATION AND HUMAN RESOURCE

MANAGEMENT
The Department of Organisation and Human Resource Management, one of the six (6)
departments of the University of Ghana Business School, was established in 2004 when subject
area growth led to departmentalisation.
The department is focused on teaching, research and extension in the areas of human resource
management, organisational sciences, CSR & strategy, project management, and legal issues as
they relate to businesses and institutions. The Department believes that organisations, institutions
and people management systems in Ghana hold the key to corporate growth and national
development. The BSc Administration in Human Resource Management degree is aimed at
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equipping students with skills and knowledge in HRM to enable them function effectively in
various entry level HR roles in private, public and not-for-profit (NGO) organisations.
PROGRAMME STRUCTURE
BSc Administration (Human Resource Management option)
Level 300
First Semester
OHRM 305 Labour Law 3
Total 18
Second Semester
OMIS 302 Introduction to Production Management 3
Total 18
Level 400
First Semester
FINC 407 Labour Economics 3
OHRM 404 Manpower Planning 3
Elective 3
Elective 3
Elective 3
Total 18
Second Semester
OHRM 402 Industrial Relations 3
PAHS408 Public Personnel Administration 3
Elective 3
Elective 3
Total 15
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Electives
First Semester
OHRM 400: Long Essay
FINC 403: Bank Management
FINC 405: Banking Operations
PAHS 401: Public Finance
MKTG 403: Management of SMEs
MKTG 405: Retailing
Second Semester
OHRM 400: Long Essay
MKTG 402: International Marketing
FINC 408: Microfinance
FINC 404: International Finance and Banking
MKTG 404: Marketing Research
Course Descriptions
BSc Administration (Human Resource Management option)

The most important aspects of organisations are the people: the men and women who make up
management as well as the work force. The aim of this course is to provide a systematic
understanding of organisational life as created by the human beings in the firm. Students will be
encouraged to understand issues such as group dynamics, individual differences, values and
perceptions, organisational politics as well as interpersonal interactions.

This is an introductory course which exposes students to the preliminary principles of human
resource management. The course covers the functional areas of human resource management,
recruitment training, development, performance, compensation, resignations and retirement. It
serves as a prerequisite for the other more advanced courses in HRM.
OHRM 305: Labour Law

This course is a focused examination of the labour law in Ghana, past, present, and future
considerations. It presents students with a critical understanding of the labour laws and how
organizations can ensure that they stay with the law.
UGBS 401: Company Law

Organisations function within a specific legal environment, which seeks to regulate the
compliances of the socio-economic aspirations of the country in which the firm is set up.
Company law therefore exposes students to the laws and statutes to which organisations must
abide. It covers issues such as the source of the company law in Ghana, the purposes of
incorporation, the types of companies under the companies’ code and the regulation of internal
matters such as meetings and resolutions.
UGBS 402: Business Policy

This course deals with the whole area of strategy and strategic management. It develops the ability
to examine the business environment, consider the threats and opportunities and how to come up
60
with policies which will enable the business to survive, grow and expand. Key to this course is a
consideration of how the business can formulate functional policies for each area of its operation.
OHRM 402: Industrial Relations

This course examines the contractual aspects of human resource management. It deals with the
issue of union-management relations and considers the environment in which industrial relations
takes place. It looks at the issue of strikes, collective bargaining and negotiations and presents the
theories and traditions which have historically influenced labour relations: Marxist/ Radical
theory, Pluralist and Unitary perspectives.
OHRM 404: Manpower Planning

This course is intended to expose students to the intersection of human Resource Management
with Corporate Strategy. It seeks to bring the practice of people management into the thinking of
top management because the success or failure of the enterprise is directly linked to key human
resource activities such as recruitment, training and compensation. This course will therefore deal
with how to plan to have staffing at acceptable levels, with the right skills and mix and the
appropriate strategies to maintain staff.
DEPARTMENT OF OPERATIONS AND MANAGEMENT INFORMATION

SYSTEMS
The curriculum of the Management Information Systems (MIS) Department is designed to:
 Educate students of the importance of information as an essential and valuable resource
and how to use it in decision-making processes in businesses and other organizations.
 Develop the analytical, quantitative and computer skills necessary to handle complex
business and organizational problems.
The Department is mainly postgraduate and therefore does not run its own undergraduate
programme. It however offers some undergraduate courses that are taken by students of other
Departments in the Business School. The courses enable students to appreciate critical role of
quantitative techniques and information systems in organisations and society as well as provide
them with sound research foundation and knowledge.
LEVEL 300 COURSES

OMIS 302 Introduction to Production Management 3
Course Descriptions
OMIS 302: Introduction to Production Management

The course focuses on the principles and practices related to production and service operations
management. Topics covered include plant location, facility layout, capacity planning, production
61
processes, work design, materials management, quality control, production control and associated
analytical techniques.
UGBS 301: Quantitative Methods

Quantitative methods are mathematical and statistical techniques used by managers to justify the
decisions they reach on the basis of logic and hard analysis. A manager can increase decision-
making effectiveness by learning more about quantitative methodology and by a better
understanding of its contribution to the decision-making process. The course takes the students
through the fundamental steps in problem-solving: structuring the problem and then analysing it.
Using data associated with the problem, students will develop mathematical expressions that
describe the objectives, constraints and other relationships that characterize the problem. The areas
covered in this course for the achievement of the course objectives are linear programming,
financial mathematics, differential and integral calculus, probability theory and distributions,
estimation theory and hypothesis testing, sampling theory, regression analysis, time series analysis
and index numbers.
UGBS 302: Research Methods

The main aim of this course is to equip students with a variety of quantitative and qualitative
methods for collecting and analyzing data for their Long Essays. Topics discussed include
sampling techniques, proposal writing, designing questionnaire, ethical issues in research, pictorial
representation of summaries from collected data, summary statistics, statistical inference
(confidence intervals and hypothesis testing), simple regression and multiple regression. Students
are also introduced to some non-parametric statistical tests.
UGBS 303: Computer Applications in Management

This course deals with the fundamentals of information systems in organizations. It will provide an
introduction to the conceptual foundations underlying information systems technology, in particular
computer-based information systems, with emphasis on its applications in business and
organizations. For any organization to be effectively managed, it is necessary to provide
management with valid information about the organization’s products and services, its resources and
its environment. The information is provided through many activities and facilities, both internal and
external to the organization. Most organizations now recognize that information is one of their most
valuable resources and that computers and telecommunications technology are among their most
powerful tools that assist in managing information.
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SCHOOL OF LANGUAGES
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH
INTRODUCTION
The Department of English was established as one of the pioneer departments of the Arts Faculty
in 1948. At its inception the Department taught courses that were patterned after similar
departments in the UK. However, from the 1960s, the dominant theme of the Department of
English has been the need to make its courses reflect the requirements of the nation, Ghana.
It has been necessary to study the problems arising from the use of English as a Second Language
and to build up both the material and the expertise to address them. Change in the Department has
therefore been gradual. Indeed, until the 1980s, the Department’s programme retained an
essentially metropolitan character as this was considered the best way to equip students with the
requisite mastery of the Language. By the early 80s the gradual change had resulted in an
expansion in our original offering in literature, which had been almost entirely based on the
literature of the colonial metropolis, to reflect our position in a changing world. Thus a significant
offering in Creative Writing, African and Diaspora Literatures, the New Literatures in English and
American Literature was included.
In the year 2004, the Department did a major revision of its courses, under the leadership of Prof.
K. A. Anyidoho, and came up with a new syllabus in English Studies. The new syllabus took into
consideration various areas where English is required beyond teaching and research. This was
done in order to meet the requirements of a job market in which competence in oral and written
communication skills is becoming a premium in a new world. An unintended consequence is that
our graduates are now found in many fields, including banks, as a result of their good
communication skills.
Today, the Department’s New Syllabus for English Studies for the Bachelor of Arts degree gives
students the opportunity to offer a variety of courses that the Department believes will prepare
them to meet some of the demands or challenges of the job market.
Business and Expository Writing and Children’s Literature are some of the new specialisations
which the department offers. Our African Literature courses are also very attractive to both local
and foreign students. The courses have actually revived interest in our graduate programmes on
which student enrollment is increasing significantly with a bias towards research in Ghanaian
Literature or Comparative Studies in African and other Literatures.
In the 2009/2010 academic year, the Department of English implemented its revised syllabus for
English studies. This revision was intended to:
 offer courses that meet the educational, economic, social, and political challenges of the
country;
 offer programmes which students find rewarding as they pursue future career objectives;
 give students the requisite language/literary skills to make them effective in their job
situation.
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PROGRAMME STRUCTURE
LEVEL 100
First Semester
ENGL 121 Foundation English I (Writing Skills) 3
Other subjects 2 Courses from 2 other assigned Departments and 2 12
UGRCs
Second Semester
ENGL 122 Foundation English II (Writing and Imaginative 3
Literature)
Other subjects 2 Courses from 2 other assigned Departments and 2 12
UGRCs
LEVEL 200
First Semester
ENGL 221 Introduction to the English Language I 3
ENGL 223 Survey of English Literature I 3
Other subjects 2 Courses from the other assigned Departments and 1 9
UGRC
Second Semester
ENGL 222 Introduction to the English Language II 3
ENGL 224 Survey of English Literature II 3
Other subjects 2 Courses from the other assigned Departments and 1 9
UGRC
LEVEL 300
[An English Major student must take at least 24 credits by the end of the academic year. This
should be made up of THREE core courses and at least any TWO electives offered in each
semester.
A Combined English student must take at least 15 credits by the end of the academic year. This
should be made up of THREE core courses and any ONE elective offered in each semester.
A Minor student must take all the core courses]
First Semester
Core Courses
ENGL 311 Grammar 2
ENGL 313 Practice in Criticism 2
*ENGL 315 Phonetics and Phonology 2
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Elective Courses
ENGL 317 English as a Second Language 3
ENGL 319 Discourse Analysis 3
ENGL 321 Advanced Expository Writing 3
ENGL 323 Special Topic 3
ENGL 325 The Evolution of English Poetry 3
ENGL 327 History, Theory & Practice of Literary Criticism 3
ENGL 329 The Early Novel 3
ENGL 331 Seminal Works in African Thought 3
ENGL 333 Introduction to Creative Writing 3
ENGL 335 Literature & Gender 3
ENGL 337 Literature of the African Diaspora 3
ENGL 339 Literature, Film and Society 3
ENGL 361 Children’s Literature 3
ENGL 399 Critical Issues in African Literature 3
Other subject Any ONE Course from other assigned Department 3
* Students who take ENGL. 315 - Phonetics and Phonology should not take LING. 335 -
Phonetics and Phonology of English
Second Semester
Core Courses
ENGL 312 Semantics 2
ENGL 314 Introduction to African Literature 2
ENGL 316 Shakespeare and his Age 2
Elective Courses
ENGL 318 Varieties and Functions of English 3
ENGL 322 The English Language in Communication 3
ENGL 324 The Development of English Prose Style 3
ENGL 326 Advanced Practice in Oral Communication 3
ENGL 328 Introduction to Oral Literature 3
ENGL 332 Drama 3
ENGL 334 Modern Drama 3
ENGL 336 Creative Writing 3
ENGL 338 Early English Texts 3
ENGL 374 Modern Poetry 3
ENGL 376 Literature as Performance 3
ENGL 380 Realism in the Novel 3
ENGL 398 Landmarks of African-American Literature 3
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LEVEL 400
[Core courses are required courses for ALL English Majors.
A Single Major student must take at least 30 credits by the end of the academic year.
A Combined student must take at least 15 credits by the end of the academic year. This should be
made up of THREE core courses and any ONE elective offered in each semester.
[Major: Will be required to take at least 4 (FOUR) electives by the end of the academic year]]
First Semester
Core Courses
ENGL 411 Contemporary English Usage 2
ENGL 413 Ghanaian Literature 2
ENGL 415 Modern Literary Theory 2
Elective Courses
ENGL 417 History of the English Language 3
ENGL 419 Poetry 3
ENGL 421 Introduction to Film & TV 3
ENGL 423 The Short Story 3
ENGL 425 Nineteenth Century Fiction 3
ENGL 427 Renaissance Drama 3
ENGL 429 Satire and the Enlightenment 3
ENGL 431 Studies in Popular Literature 3
ENGL 433 English Literature from Milton to Blake 3
ENGL 435 Studies in African Prose 3
ENGL 437 Studies in African Drama 3
ENGL 439 Studies in African Poetry 3
ENGL 449 The Language of Religion (3 Credits) 3
Second Semester
Core Courses
ENGL 412 English in Ghana 2
ENGL 414 The Romantic Movement in English Literature 2
ENGL 416 Introduction to Stylistics 2
Elective Courses
ENGL 418 Pragmatics 3
ENGL 422 Business Writing 3
ENGL 424 The New Literatures in English 3
ENGL 426 Special Author 3
ENGL 428 Masterpieces of African Literature 3
ENGL 432 Twentieth Century Fiction 3
ENGL 434 Caribbean Literature 3
ENGL 436 Masterpieces of World Literature 3
ENGL 438 Masterpieces of American Literature 3
ENGL 354 Criticism and the Arts 3
ENGL 458 Life Story 3
ENGL 476 Literature in Translation (3 Credits) 3
ENGL 484 Advanced Practice In Criticism 3
ENGL 486 English Literature from Wordsworth to Hardy 3
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Year-Long Courses
ENGL 460 Long Essay [Two-Semesters] 6
ENGL 470 Advanced Creative Writing [Two-Semesters] 6
COURSE DESCRIPTIONS
ENGL 121 Foundation English 1 (Writing Skills) (3 Credits)

ENGL 121 is designed to help make the student a better, more effective writer and a more critical
thinker and reader. Towards this end, students will learn theories of argumentation and analysis
and practice generating and developing their own ideas. Through drafting and revision, students
will construct reasoned, well-supported written arguments on a variety of literary, linguistic,
academic and general topics. This course will also prepare students to do research and document
source materials correctly and develop a clean, effective writing style that is free of major errors.
ENGL 122 Foundation English 2 (Writing and Imaginative Literature) (3 Credits)

English 122 is a foundation course in literature that is meant to reinforce and build on the
knowledge and skills acquired in ENGL 121. It consists of practice in reading and writing about
imaginative literature with a view to broadening the extent and variety of students’ thinking and
writing. Students will read and write about a variety of literary texts using the argumentative
writing skills they learned in English 121 and some critical perspectives that they will learn in this
course. These exercises will awaken students to the uses of language in literature, the structure of
texts, the ideas that shape our culture, and the interrelationship between ideas and language. In
short, this course will help students learn to think critically and creatively about literature and to
express those thoughts clearly.
ENGL 221 Introduction to the English Language I (3 Credits)

This is a two-part one-semester course which introduces students to the general principles of
phonetic and phonological description of English, the mechanics of speech production, and the
relationship between orthography and orthoepy, leading to a simple analysis of the sound system
of English. It also examines the English language as a grammatical system in which relationships
at definite points in the paradigm of syntactic structures are identified using the traditional
grammatical model of description. Grammatical categories are also explained.
ENGL 222 Introduction to the English Language II (3 Credits)

This course introduces students to linguistic analysis with special reference to lexis and semantics.
Word formation processes and their implications for meaning in English are examined, as well as
the properties of meaning in the English language and the conditions that aid the interpretation of
what we say or do not say.
ENGL 223 Survey of English Literature I (3 Credits)

This course, the first part of a basic introduction to English Literature, traces through a selection of
representative texts the development of English letters from the Anglo-Saxon beginnings through
Shakespeare and his contemporaries in the Elizabethan age to Milton and the Restoration in the
seventeenth century.
ENGL 224 Survey of English Literature II (3 Credits)

This course, the second part of the basic introduction to English Literature, follows through a
selection of representative texts the development of English Literature from the Augustans in the
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early eighteenth century to the Age of Sensibility later in that century. It also introduces the
student to the Romantic Movement in the early nineteenth century and the Victorians later in that
century, and concludes with a selection of twentieth century writing.
ENGL 311 Grammar (2 Credits)

This course involves a more detailed analysis of the grammatical structure of the English language
using a chosen theory of linguistic description. The aim is to show how the language can be taken
apart and reassembled to produce different kinds of sentences by looking at the basic constituents
of a sentence from the word to the clause.
ENGL 312 Semantics (2 Credits)

This course provides a core detailed discussion of meaning in language and the way
meaning is expressed through words and sentences. It deals specifically with word
meaning and sentence interpretation. It offers a comprehensive discussion of issues such
as semantic relations, sense relations, semantic roles, semantic change and structural
ambiguity and interpretation.
ENGL 313 Practice in Criticism (2 Credits)

This is a practical course in literary criticism. The aim of the course is to develop students’
responsiveness to literature and give them the technical language and analytical procedure for
describing how literary texts achieve their effects.
ENGL 314 Introduction to African Literature (2 Credits)

This is essentially a survey course meant to offer a formal introduction to African Literature in its
broadest historical and cultural contexts. Our aim is for each student to gain a close, personal
familiarity with selected representative texts of major forms/genres and of the major writers of
various periods. The texts will be placed in the general socio-political and cultural contexts of their
production.
ENGL 315 Phonetics and Phonology (2 Credits)

The importance of phonetics and phonology as reference points in pronunciation is emphasized in
this course. A theoretical approach followed by practice will be adopted in discussing single sound
segments and the phonological processes involved during connected speech. Theories of
syllabification, the phoneme and the taxonomic principles of phonemic analysis as well as the
characteristics and uses of suprasegmental features will also be examined.
ENGL 316 Shakespeare and His Age (2 Credits)

This course aims at introducing students to the achievement of Shakespeare as a poet and
dramatist. A representative sample of this achievement will be read. The main focus will be on
understanding each individual work. Attention will however also be paid to the wider cultural,
literary and stylistic context of his work and how Shakespeare transformed the legacy that he
worked with.
ENGL 317 English as a Second Language (3 Credits)

This course will examine the expectations of different Englishes –English as a first, second and
foreign language. It will explore learning processes and the expected product in second language
situations. It will also examine processes of hybridization consequent on contact situations with
indigenous languages and discuss how far the English language is affected by its relationship with
other languages with which it is contiguous.
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ENGL 318 Varieties and Functions of Language (3 Credits)
This course will examine the various ways in which language varieties are classified. Emphasis
will be placed on the linguistic features associated with each variety. In addition, the course will
study the functions language can perform and show how these functions determine the linguistic
choices made.
ENGL 319 Discourse Analysis (3 Credits)

This course will introduce students to the analysis of English in use. The focus will be on the
application of the knowledge of the grammar and lexical systems of English to texts for an
understanding of how sentences are combined in discourse to produce meaning. It will also direct
attention to the analysis of how sentences are used in the performance of different communicative
acts.
ENGL 321 Advanced Expository Writing (3 Credits)

This course aims at equipping students with the skills they need to meet the demands of expository
discourse. It is a practical course that explores various aspects of exposition and provides students
with techniques of expository writing.
ENGL 322 The English Language in Communication (3 Credits)

This course will study the nature of the English language as a tool for communication. It will
involve a closer look at definitions of language—verbal and non-verbal—and the wider
implications of communication theories. The course will also study the English language and the
immediate environment, topics, participants and coding systems, turn taking and cues in
interaction in which English is used as a second language in Ghana.
ENGL 323 Special Topic (3 Credits)

A special course, to be offered under various sub-titles aimed at exploring new areas/subjects of
specialized interest not otherwise already provided for in the syllabus.
ENGL 324 The Development of English Prose Style (3 Credits)

This course examines the inherent features of prose. It is essentially a survey course that looks at
the major periods of prose from Old English times to recent times. Attention will especially be
paid to the 16th, 17th and 18th centuries.
ENGL 325 The Evolution of English Poetry (3 Credits)

This course offers the student the opportunity to study English Poetry from the 16th century to the
middle of the 20th century, and to investigate the lines of continuity which unify the diverse
developments that have occurred in English poetry in the different periods.
ENGL 326 Advanced Practice in Oral Communication (3 Credits)

This course is meant for students with career objectives that require a very high level of
competence in Oral English Communication. The course will be devoted to a thorough grounding
in general phonetics and the phonological system of English, followed by a series of specially
designed practice drills, leading to competence development exercises in a variety of performance
situations.
ENGL 327 History, Theory and Practice of Literary Criticism (3 Credits)

The course provides an overview of how literature has been justified, defended, and criticized
down the centuries from classical antiquity to the modern schools of literary theory. The aim of
69
the course is to introduce students to the variety of thought on literature itself and ultimately
provide a basis from which they may discuss and write about literature.
ENGL 328 Introduction to Oral Literature (3 Credits)

This course introduces students to the creative and other resources that provide foundation texts
for Africa’s cultural heritage. It will also study the way in which literary traditions serve as a
major creative resource for some traditions of written literature.
ENGL 329 The Early Novel (3 Credits)

The course will study the early phases of development of the novel in English. It will begin with a
general survey of antecedents to the novel form and focus next on those 18th Century writings
which ensured the coming of age of the novel form as a distinct genre.
ENGL 331 Seminal Works in African Thought (3 Credits)

This is a specialist seminar focusing on some of the African continent’s major thinkers. The aim is
not only to study the seminal thoughts forming the wider context of the business of ‘making
literature’ in Africa but also to discuss the intellectual and cultural agenda posed by such thought.
ENGL 332 Drama (3 Credits)

This course will seek to examine the peculiar features of the genre. It will explore such questions
as: What is drama? What is its relation to life? What does the theatre experience involve? What is
the cultural value of drama? Texts from the great ages of drama and representing the main genres
of dram will be elected to explore the foregoing questions.
ENGL 333 Introduction to Creative Writing (3 Credits)

This is an elective open to students with some talent for creative writing. The basic objective of
the course is to introduce students to creative writing in any of the main genres: drama, poetry and
fiction. Each student will be expected to engage in critical discussions of their own writing as well
as on writing of other members of the class. The focus will be on developing a grasp of the
rudiments and the general mechanics of the writer’s craft while at the same time allowing for a
fuller realization of the individuals’ creative impulse and talent.
ENGL 334 Modern Drama (3 Credits)

This course will study classic drama from the modern era. The reading will cover a representative
sampling of British, European, American and African dramatic traditions. It will also cover the
cultural and historical context of the work and the particular author’s contribution to the
transformation of the genre in the modern era.
ENGL 335 Literature and Gender (3 Credits)

The course aims at introducing students to a gender analysis of the institution of literature. It will
offer an overview of such approaches to the institution of literature and through a selection of texts
help students to arrive at a sense of how literature may be judged to have served the respective
interests of men and women in different places and times.
ENGL 336 Creative Writing (3 Credits)

This is an elective open to students who have taken ENGL333 and have demonstrated ability for
creative writing. The basic objective of the course is to sharpen the students’ creative skills in the
main genres—poetry, drama, and fiction. As in ENGL333, each student will be expected to
engage in critical discussions of their own writing as well as of writing of other members of the
class.
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ENGL 337 Literature of the African Diaspora (3 Credits)
This is an introductory survey course which will study representative forms of oral literature of the
African Diaspora, early written texts, and selected contemporary authors, covering the Caribbean,
the Americas, and Europe.
ENGL 338 Early English Texts (3 Credits)

This course has two main objectives: to demonstrate language change, i.e. how English has
changed from Old English through Early Middle English and Middle English to the language of
Chaucer, and to introduce students to early English literature in its original form.
ENGL 339 Literature, Film and Society (3 Credits)

This is a course with a focus on theoretical, technical, aesthetic, psychological, and sociological
dimensions of the interface between literature and film as modes of representation and narration.
Selected texts and films will be considered in regard to:
 Narrative form, structure, and social impact
 Image making and manipulation of metaphor and symbol
 Social relevance and imagined realities
 Myth-making in literature and in film
 Language and re/representations of meaning in literature and film
 Frameworks for analysis and interpretation of literature and film, etc.
ENGL 354 Criticism and the Arts (3 Credits)

This is an upper level undergraduate seminar that explores the development from literary theory to
cultural theory and its role in the criticism of the arts especially in Ghana and Africa. The focus
ultimately is on application of the skills of discursive analysis and interpretation to other material
in the realm of the arts apart from the textual.
ENGL 361 Children’s Literature (3 Credits)

This course introduces students to the genre of children’s literature. It explores the reasons why
children enjoy certain kinds of literary imagination. It also examines certain classic texts of the
genre in order to determine its history and to explore the literary qualities that distinguish this
body of writing.
ENGL 374 Modern Poetry (3 Credits)

The course will consist of a historical and a theoretical survey of modern poetry. It will expose
students to the modern trends in poetry in English. Various literary movements of the early 20 th
century will be discussed. A selection of poems from the modern era will be studied.
ENGL 376 Literature as Performance (3 Credits)

The course will consider various theoretical issues about the many ways in which “literature as
performance” may be seen as a four-way encounter between text, context, artist, and audience,
each one helping to enhance aesthetic experience and “present enjoyment of the intrinsic qualities
of the act of expression itself” (Bauman). The course provides an appropriate intellectual
framework for critical analysis and appreciation of a wide range of traditional and contemporary
art forms. Along with theoretical considerations, there will also be opportunity to observe recorded
and/or live performance events. Students may be required to offer individual or group performance
mini-projects as part of the requirements.
71
ENGL 380 Realism in the Novel
This course provides an overview of the practice of the novel especially in its dominant phase.
The reading for the course explores the sense in which the notion of ‘realism’ remains central to
the genre and will also show the significant variations from and challenges to this notion of the
novel.
ENGL 398 Landmarks of African-American literature (3 Credits)

This is a follow-up to ENGL379, aimed at providing an in-depth study of major movements/
periods [such as the Harlem Renaissance] and a small set of seminal or canonical works by major
writers in African literary history.
ENGL 399 Critical Issues in African Literature (3 Credits)

This course involves a close examination of the different debates on how to approach African
literature. Issues such as the authority of the critic of African Literature and the different
theoretical approaches will be discussed in relation to specific chosen works.
ENGL 411 Contemporary English Usage (2 Credits)

The course examines the basic concepts of language contact with special reference to English in
Ghana. It also discusses what constitutes a variety of language, as well as the phonological,
structural, lexical and pragmatic peculiarities of Ghanaian English. The history of English in
Ghana will also be explored.
ENGL 412 English in Ghana (2 Credits)

This is essentially a practical course intended to deal with problem areas of English usage in
Ghana. The question of acceptable usage within the Ghanaian linguistic milieu will be discussed.
The course intends to strengthen students’ confidence in English usage. It will make them aware
of possible options for usage and the consequences of alternative choices. The course will teach
language skills necessary for performing adequately in a modern society and create awareness of
the debate concerning the ‘Indigenized Varieties’ or ‘New Englishes.’
ENGL 413 Ghanaian Literature (2 Credits)

This is an upper level course intended to introduce students to the evolution of creative writing by
Ghanaian authors in the specific context of the emergence of the modern nation state in Africa.
Issues such as nationalism and literature, national culture and the literary imagination, concepts of
national literature, the search for new forms of artistic expression and the Pan African tradition in
Ghanaian literature will inform readings and discussions.
ENGL 414 The Romantic Movement in English Literature (2 Credits)

The course seeks to study the rise and development of Romanticism in English Literature. It will
consist of a historical survey of Romantic prose and poetry and will involve reading selected
works of the major novelists and poets of the Romantic era.
ENGL 415 Modern Literary Theory (2 Credits)

The course explores the main movements in literary studies that have emerged and gained
currency since the rise of English as a discipline of study. The course aims to familiarize students
with the key debates and ideas from these movements.
72
ENGL 416 Introduction to Stylistics (2 Credits)
The course is essentially an applied course that is meant to sharpen students’ awareness
of what constitutes a text. Various theories as to what we mean by style and stylistics will
be examined. Other topics will include foregrounding, deviation and parallelism.
ENGL 417 History of the English Language (3 Credits)

This course will survey the historical development of the English Language from Anglo-Saxon
times to present day. It will study the concept of language change - the why and the how as well as
the internal history of the English Language.
ENGL 418 Pragmatics (3 Credits)

This course will examine the different ways in which context can influence the way we
interpret sentences. It will generally deal with the relationship between system sentences
and utterance. It will also address the speech act theory of meaning and basic elements of
logic and how they affect meaning. In addition, it will examine the relationship between
semantics, semiotics, and pragmatics, and bring out the syntactic and analytic structures
which influence the meaning that is accepted by the users of natural languages.
ENGL 419 Poetry (3 Credits)

The course will teach poetry as a genre. It will deepen students’ knowledge and appreciation of
poetry. Insights provided by such deep knowledge should lead students on to a more confident
aesthetic and analytical engagement with poetry in its various manifestations as defined by
context, time, place, and function. Texts for the course will be drawn from a wide range of
traditions.
ENGL 421 Introduction to Film and TV (3 Credits)

This course introduces students to what is sometimes considered as the newest art form in world
cultural history, and now probably the most pervasive form of artistic representation. Beginning
with a brief history of the invention of and early developments in cinematography, the course will
move into a focus on basic theories and techniques of representation in film, film as narrative art,
the aesthetics of film and the psychology and social impact of film and television. A selection of
films/productions will be viewed for discussion and analysis.
ENGL 422 Business Writing (3 Credits)

The course covers the following subjects: editing, speech writing, resume/CV writing,
report writing, minutes, conference reporting, and research/project proposals. Beyond a
general introduction which the course will offer to all students, there will be course
offerings tailored to the specific needs of individual students.
ENGL 423 The Short Story (3 Credits)

The course will study English, European, Pan-American and African masters of the form. The aim
of the course will be to give students an understanding of the practice of each of the selected
writers and their unique contributions to the development of the short story genre.
ENGL 424 The New Literatures in English (3 Credits)

The course focuses on the literary phenomenon of the emergence of powerful literary voices from
those widely dispersed regions of the world, almost all of which were once part of the British
Empire, but all of which now claim articulations of self-determination and individual identity
through the ambivalent legacy of the English Language.
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ENGL 425 Nineteenth Century Fiction (3 Credits)
The course provides an overview of the practice of the novel, especially in its dominant phase –
Jane Austen, George Eliot, Charles Dickens, Thomas Hardy. The course explores the
development of the ‘great tradition’ of English novel writing up to the late Victorian/early modern
period.
ENGL 426 Special Author (3 Credits)

This course is a specialist seminar on individual authors of exceptional significance in world
literary history. The seminar will be devoted to an in-depth examination of representative texts
from what must, in each case, be a substantial corpus of major literary works.
ENGL 427 Renaissance Drama (3 Credits)

This course will focus on dramatic attainment of this period of English literary history. The major
dramatists of the period will be studied with a view to determining how each of them reflects and
/or deviates from the characteristics of the period.
ENGL 428 Masterpieces of African Literature (3 Credits)

This course will deepen knowledge of Africa’s major / landmark contributions to world literary
heritage. It will pay critical attention to selected texts from various African countries, cultures,
languages and historical periods.
ENGL 429 Satire and the Enlightenment (3 Credits)

This course will be an exploration of the relationship between Literature, Politics and Society
during the Enlightenment in Europe, and how these are manifested in the texts to be studied.
ENGL 431 Studies in Popular Literature (3 Credits)

The course will consider the alleged disparity between the so-called ‘highbrow’ and ‘popular’
genre and themes in contemporary literature. It will consider the Ghanaian forms: the concert
party, highlife texts and the new novel with its romantic moralistic slant. It will also look at
‘popular’ international literature such as song texts, soap operas, the romantic novel, the ‘who-
done-it’ novel, the ‘superman’ action novel, etc.
ENGL 432 Twentieth Century Fiction (3 Credits)

This course continues the exploration of the development of the novel in English with a study of a
selection of novels from the early modern period – Henry James, Virginia Woolf, James Joyce, D.
H. Lawrence and Joseph Conrad. The debates surrounding these writers’ individual contributions
to the development of the novel will be explored. The theoretical dimension of the course rests in
an exploration of some key approaches to the study of the novel.
ENGL 433 English Literature from Milton to Blake (3 Credits)

This course is intended to acquaint students with the variety and development of English literature
from the age of John Milton to the age of William Blake. The reading on this course will be used
to show how each of the writers under study could be said to reflect and, sometimes, deviate from
the qualities that characterize the particular era in which they were writing.
ENGL 434 Caribbean Literature (3 Credits)

This course is devoted to representative authors/works that are fully grounded in the peculiarities
of the Caribbean, defined by its historical-geographical reality of fragmentation as well as by its
socio-cultural reality of multiple cultural heritages.
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ENGL 435 Studies in African Prose (3 Credits)
This course is dedicated to a selection of important prose texts from the wider African literary
canon, with emphasis on the contemporary period. The texts for the course will include both prose
works originally written in the English language and those translated into English. While the
course will be organized around the aesthetic, cultural and political concerns that spur the authors
of the various texts, class discussions will also seek to situate the texts within their proper
historical contexts in order to establish how the concerns of African prose authors have evolved
over the past half century or so.
ENGL 436 Masterpieces of World Literature (3 Credits)

This is an upper level course which introduces students to a small set of selected texts from
various cultures and historical periods, each of which has become a foundation text in world
literary heritage. The qualities that make such texts stand the test of time and place will be at the
centre of critical attention.
ENGL 437 Studies in African Drama (3 Credits)

The course traces the development of African Drama from the traditional to the modern. It
explores the relationship between traditional African dramatic forms and western forms and how
playwrights have attempted to manage the two traditions and to theorize their practice.
ENGL 438 Masterpieces of American Literature (3 Credits)

This course introduces the students to literary works that stand out prominently from the American
literary landscape. The course, therefore, deals with works of a kind and magnitude that have
rendered them conspicuous, and which in various ways have provided a sense of direction to the
course of American literary development.
ENGL 439 Studies in African Poetry (3 Credits)

This is an exploratory course on the oral and written forms of African poetry. It includes the study
of the developments in African poetry in the European languages from the early writers through
the periods of negritude to the present.
ENGL 449 The Language of Religion (3 Credits)

This course will study the recurring structures in religious tracts, sermons and other such religious
texts. It will also consider meaning mechanisms and the effects they are expected to produce. It
will include a study of logic on the one hand, and rhetoric and persuasive language on the other. A
discussion of the nature of the mind and how it affects our decisions and actions will also be
explored.
ENGL 458 Life Story (3 Credits)

The course will begin with an examination of some of the most original and influential examples
of memoir and life story writing such as Caesar’s Gallic Wars (De Bello Gallico), Confessions of
St. Augustine, and Boswell’s Life of Samuel Johnson LL.D. The aim will be to discover the
modes employed traditionally by this kind of writing, namely: (a) the chronicle; (b) the
confession; (c) the secular model; (d) exemplary lives of the saints. Using examples from different
times and places, the course will then explore how the tradition has transcended and evolved
beyond these generic boundaries.
ENGL 476 Literature in Translation (3 Credits)

The course will:
 look at both prose and poetry that have been translated into the English language.
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 consider the peculiar difficulty involved in translating an English text into a Ghanaian
language
 look at the peculiar differences that exist between translating a prose text and a poem.
The course will further look at the processes involved in this transference of one
linguistic system onto another.
ENGL 484 Advanced Practice in Criticism (3 Credits)

This course builds on the foundations laid in ENGL343. Through small group discussions of
selected texts, it aims to help students become more aware of the assumptions and frameworks
underpinning their reading of particular examples of literature even as they formulate their
response to texts.
ENGL 486 English Literature from Wordsworth to Hardy (3 Credits)

The course surveys writing from Wordsworth to Hardy. Though the main emphasis will be on an
understanding of each individual writer, the reading on the course will be used to bring out the
unity, change and development in this period of English literary history.
YEAR-LONG COURSES
ENGL 460 Long Essay (6 Credits)
ENGL 470 Advanced Creative Writing (6 Credits)

This course is a follow-up to ENGL 364 to be reserved for a handful of students who would have
demonstrated a strong potential for developing their individual creative writing projects into
publishable manuscripts. It is a two-semester conference course in which the student is helped to
finalize his/her work for submission to a publisher. No student can sign up for the course without a
written approval from the course instructor or Head of Department.
DEPARTMENT OF LINGUISTICS
INTRODUCTION
At the undergraduate level, two programmes are offered by the Department of Linguistics. These
are: BA (Linguistics) and BA (Ghanaian Language Studies)
PROGRAMME STRUCTURE
LEVEL 100
First Semester
UGRC 110 Academic Writing 3
UGRC 120 Numeracy Skills 3
UGRC 141-146 Science and Technology in Our Lives 3
UGRC 150 Critical Thinking and Practical Reasoning 3
LNGS 101 Introduction to Linguistics 3
Other Subjects 2 Courses from other 2 assigned departments 3
Minimum Credits Required 15
NOTE: Students may choose any 2 of the University Required Courses for 6 credits.
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Second Semester
UGRC 110 Academic Writing I 3
LNGS 102 Structure of English Words 3
NOTE: Students may choose any 2 of the University Required Courses for 6 credits.
LEVEL 200
First Semester
UGRC 220-238* Introduction to African Studies 3
LNGS201 Phonetics 3
LNGS203 Morphology 3
NOTE: Students may choose either UGRC 210 or UGRC 220-238*.
Second Semester
LNGS202 Introduction to Syntax 3
LNGS204 Languages in Ghana 3
NOTE: Students may choose either UGRC 210 or UGRC 220-238*.
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LEVEL 300
A Linguistics Major student must take at least 24 credits by the end of the year. This should
be made up of TWO core courses and any TWO electives offered in each semester.
A Combined Linguistics student must take at least 15 credits by the end of the year. This
should be made up of TWO core courses and any ONE elective offered in each semester.
A Minor Linguistics student must take at least 6 credits by the end of the year. This should
be made up of ONE core course per semester (LNGS 301 and LNGS 302). Such a student
cannot pursue Linguistics at Level 400.
First Semester
LNGS301 Introduction to Phonology 3
LNGS303 Phonetics and Phonology of a Ghanaian Language 3
LNGS305* Phonetics and Phonology of English 3
Any TWO elective courses 6
Other Subjects Any ONE course from the other assigned department 3
*For those whose languages are not taught as LNGS 303/This should not be taken by
students from the English Department
Second Semester
LNGS302 Syntax I 3
LNGS304 Morphology and Syntax of a Ghanaian Language 3
LNGS306* Morphology and Syntax of English 3
Any TWO elective courses 6
Other Subjects Any ONE course from the other assigned department 3
*For those whose languages are not taught at LNGS 304/This should not be taken by
students from the English Department
.
LEVEL 400
A Linguistics Major student must take at least 30 credits by the end of the year. This should
be made up of TWO core courses in the first and second semesters plus any THREE
electives in each semester. A student who offers to write a LONG ESSAY (6 CREDITS) may
take the TWO core courses and at least ONE elective in the second semester in addition to
the Long Essay.
A Combined Linguistics student must take at least 15 credits by the end of the year. This
should be made up of TWO cores plus ONE elective in the first semester and TWO cores in
the second semester.
First Semester
LNGS401 Phonological Theory 3
LNGS403 Syntax II 3
Any THREE Elective Courses 9
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Second Semester
LNGS402 Semantics 3
LNGS404 Morphological Theory 3
Any THREE Elective Courses 9
NOTE: A student who decides to write LNGS400: Long Essay (6 credits) has to take the core
courses (LNGS402, LNGS 404) and any ONE elective.
LEVEL 100
Core
Old Code New
LING 111 LNGS 101 Introduction to Linguistics 3
LING 112 LNGS 102 Structure of English Words 3
LEVEL 200
Old Code New 3
LING221 LNGS 201 Phonetics 3
LING 222 LNGS 202 Introduction to Syntax 3
LING 223 LNGS 203 Introduction to Morphology 3
LING 224 LNGS 204 Languages in Ghana 3
Level 300
Core:
Old Code New
LING 331 LNGS 301 Introduction to Phonology 3
LING 332 LNGS 302 Syntax I 3
LING 333 LNGS 303 Phonetics and Phonology of a Ghanaian Language 3
LING 334 LNGS 304 Morphology and Syntax of a Ghanaian Language 3
LING 335 LNGS 305 * Phonetics and Phonology of English 3
LING 336 LNGS 306 * Morphology and Syntax of English 3
Electives
LING 347 LNGS 307 Oral Literature 3
LING 348 LNGS 308 Ethnography of Speaking 3
LING 345 LNGS 309 Sociolinguistics 3
LING 341 LNGS 311 Child Language Development 3
*LING 342 LNGS 312 Introduction to Translation Theory 3
LING 344 LNGS 314 Discourse Analysis 3
LING 346 LNGS 316 Second Language Acquisition and Learning 3
New Course *LNGS 318 Acoustic Phonetics 3
LNGS 322: Introduction to Ghanaian Sign Language 3
New Course *LNGS 324 Introduction to Research Methods in Linguistics 3
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LEVEL 400
Major: At least 30 credits by the end of the year
Combined: At least 15 credits by the end of the year.
Core
Old Code New Code
LING 421 LNGS 401 Phonological Theory 3
LING 422 LNGS 402 Semantics 3
LING 423 LNGS 403 Syntax II 3
New Course *LNGS 404 Morphological Theory 3
Electives
LING 435 LNGS 405 Language in Business 3
LING 436 LNGS 406 Language and Politics 3
LING 437 LNGS 407 Pidgin and Creole Languages 3
LING 438 LNGS 408 Language Planning and Development 3
LING 439 LNGS 409 Advanced Theory of Translation 3
LING 431 LNGS 411 Syntax of a Ghanaian Language 3
LING 432 LNGS 412 Semantics of a Ghanaian Language 3
LING 433 LNGS 413 Syntax of English 3
LING 434 LNGS 414 Semantics of English 3
LING 445 LNGS 415 Linguistics and Language Teaching 3
LING 446 LNGS 416 Language and Literacy 3
LING 443 *LNGS 417 Language and Law 3
LING452 LNGS418 Psycholinguistics 3
LING 449 LNGS 419 Advanced Sign Language 3
LNGS 442 LNGS422 Pragmatics 3
LING 444 LNGS 424 Language and Gender 3
COURSE DESCRIPTIONS
LNGS 101: Introduction to Linguistics

The course aims at introducing students to the discipline of Linguistics. It deals with some of the
characteristics of human language as a tool for communication. Some of the topics to be discussed
include the origins of language, functions of language, language and the brain, the sounds of
language, and the basic concepts in linguistic analysis (e.g. morphology, syntax and semantics)
LNGS 102: Structure of English Words

The goal of this course is to help students expand their vocabulary. It looks at the structure of
English words with classical roots. It examines some of the common roots and the morphological
rules that determine the combination of such roots, and rules of meaning change. Students are
also introduced to the history of the English language.
LNGS 201: Phonetics

The course introduces students to phonetics as a branch of Linguistics. It focuses on the
mechanisms behind the production of speech sounds. It also deals with the description,
classification and transcription of speech sounds. It will further provide students the opportunity to
practise the production of speech sounds. Topics include: speech organs, airstream mechanisms,
phonation types and articulation, vowels, consonants and suprasegmentals.
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LNGS 202: Introduction to Syntax
The goal of the course is to introduce students to the general principles that underlie how words
are combined into larger syntactic units. The course deals with the arrangement of words into
phrases, clauses and sentences as well as how languages differ in the structure of these units.
Topics to be treated include: word classes, phrase structure, sentence structure and syntactic
processes.
LNGS 203: Introduction to Morphology

In this course, we will consider what morphology is and its place in relation to other areas of
linguistics such as phonology and syntax. The course will also examine certain morphological
phenomena found among the world’s languages. Topics to be discussed include the classification
of morphemes according to position, distribution and function. We will also discuss such
morphological processes as inflection, derivation, compounding, reduplication, and other word-
formation processes.
LNGS 204 Languages in Ghana

This course provides an overview of the language situation in Ghana, within the context of the
West African sub-region. It aims to give students a working knowledge of the genetic and
typological groupings of languages spoken in Ghana. Issues of language development, language
in development, and national language policy will also be examined.
LNGS 301: Introduction to Phonology

The course introduces students to how speech sounds are organised across languages. It deals with
the identification of distinctive sounds, the combination of these sounds into unique patterns and
the changes that take place when sounds are combined. Data from a wide range of languages will
be used in problem solving sessions. Topics to be treated include: phonemes, distinctive features,
phonological processes, suprasegmental features and phonological rules.
LNGS 302: Syntax I

In this course, we will be discussing some of the more recent developments in syntactic analysis.
Students will be expected to know the different lexical and grammatical categories and their
morphological and syntactic behaviours. They will be expected to demonstrate knowledge of
phrase structure rules and the different types of clauses and clause combinations and be able to
apply this knowledge to the analysis of simple problems in various languages.
* LNGS 303: Phonetics and Phonology of a Ghanaian Language

This course is designed to enable students apply the principles of phonetics and phonology to the
description of the sounds and sound patterns of a Ghanaian language (e.g. Akan, Dagaare,
Dagbani, Dangme Ewe, Ga, and Guren). It assumes some level of proficiency on the part of
students in the language concerned. Topics include: segmental phonemes (vowels, consonants)
and their distribution, syllable structure, tone, and phonological processes.
*This course is not available to students of the English Department.
LNGS 304: Morphology and Syntax of a Ghanaian language

This course is designed to enable students apply the principles of morphology and syntax to the
description of the words, phrases and sentences of a Ghanaian language (e.g. Akan, Dagaare,
Dagbani, Dangme Ewe, Ga, and Guren). It assumes some level of proficiency on the part of
students in the language concerned. Some of the topics to be treated are: word classes, word
formation processes, and basic phrase and sentence structure.
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LNGS 305: Phonetics and Phonology of English
This course is designed to enable students apply the principles of phonetics and phonology to the
description and analyses of English. In this course, L1 and L2 accents of English are discussed.
The course covers the following areas: consonants and vowels, the syllable, stress, intonation and
some phonological processes.
*This course is not available to students of the English Department.
LNGS 306: Morphology and Syntax of English

This course is designed to enable students apply the principles of morphology and syntax to the
description and analyses of the English language. Some of the pertinent areas to be covered
include word classes and their morphological and distributional properties, word formation
processes, inflection, derivation, phrase structure and basic clause patterns.
LNGS 307: Oral Literature

This course surveys various forms of oral literature in Africa, and discusses theories of
composition and aesthetic formations. It will examine the dynamics of form, language, style,
content and performance of verbal genres including: libation poetry, praise appellations, abuse
poetry, dirge, narrative forms, proverbs, riddles, drum poetry, traditional songs, and popular
music. It also considers how such genres are perceived and evaluated in the contexts in which
they occur, and how they have been adapted to deal with contemporary and emerging trends.
LNGS 308: Ethnography of Speaking

This course discusses the social and cultural norms governing communication in general, dwelling
on Dell Hymes’ advocacy for the study of language beyond grammar. Topics discussed include:
linguistic relativity, linguistic determinism, cultural attitudes to speaking, the power of the spoken
word, secret languages, silence, indirection, norms of speaking in various forums, non-verbal
communication and verbal taboos.
LNGS 309: Sociolinguistics

This course is designed to help students (a) gain insight into the social dynamics of language use
and (b) understand certain basic concepts and issues in sociolinguistics. Topics include:
definition and scope of sociolinguistics, linguistic varieties, speech communities/communities of
practice, communicative competence multilingualism,, politeness and solidarity, language and
gender, and language attitudes.
LNGS 311: Child Language Development

This course is designed to introduce students to theories that explain how and when children
achieve proficiency in the language they are exposed to without receiving deliberate instruction in
the rules of language. Students will be required to design and administer simple experiments to
test children’s knowledge of aspects of the grammar of their language. Topics include: linguistics
and language acquisition, phonological acquisition, morphological development and innovation,
acquisition of syntax, syntactic and semantic development, cognition, environment and language
learning.
LNGS 312: Introduction to Translation Theory

This course is meant to introduce students to the principles of translating from one language to
another. Students will be exposed to variations in the connotative and figurative use of words
across languages, which are necessary for doing translation in an efficient manner. Topics to be
covered include: types of translation, analysis of lexical items into semantic features, meaning
variation in lexemes, semantic propositions and negation.
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LNGS 314: Discourse Analysis
This course is designed to provide students with the opportunity to learn the tools for text analysis
and evaluation. By the end of the course, students should be confident in analyzing and evaluating
a wide variety of written and spoken texts. Topics include: nature and scope of discourse
analysis; thematic structure; information structure; cohesion; coherence; critical discourse
analysis.
LNGS 316: Second Language Acquisition and Learning

The course examines theories of second language acquisition and learning and current issues in the
field. Socio-cultural, cognitive and personality variables affecting second language learning will
be examined. Topics include: creative construction, interlanguage hypothesis, cognitive
dimension of second language acquisition, personality variable in second language acquisition and
contexts of learning.
LNGS 318: Acoustic Phonetics

This course deals with the study of the acoustical properties of speech sounds including the basic
physical principles involved in the generation and propagation of sound energy and the phenomenon
of resonance. It also focuses on an acoustic model of sound production by the vocal tract and the
principles and techniques of acoustic analysis of speech. Topics to be covered include the physical
structure of sound waves, the human vocal tract as a sound producing device, computer tools for
speech processing and acoustic properties of speech sounds in English and other languages.
LNGS 322: Introduction to Ghanaian Sign Language

The course will introduce students to the phonology and morphology of sign language in general
as well as some practical aspects of Ghanaian Sign Language (GSL). The course will combine
theory with practical work. There will be two hours of practical work each week during which a
sign language instructor will teach students how to sign. Topics to be treated include: simple
statements, adjectival predicates, kinship terms, polar questions, content questions, negation,
directional verbs, possession and modals.
LNGS 324 Introduction to Research Methods in Linguistics

This course introduces students to the basics of doing linguistic research. It focuses on research
design, data collection methods and analysis. It also deals with practical issues in fieldwork as well
as the ethics of research. Topics include sources of linguistic data and literature, research report
writing, referencing and issues regarding plagiarism and academic dishonesty. This course is a
requirement for all students intending to write a Long Essay
LNGS 401: Phonological Theory

This course explores theoretical issues that underlie phonological patterns and processes.
Attention is given to various phonological approaches and representations within linear segmental
phonology, Autosegmental Phonology and Optimality Theory. Data from a variety of languages
are used to evaluate these approaches and their relative strengths in the analyses of various aspects
of phonology. Areas covered include feature theory, segmental processes, and theoretical issues in
prosody such as syllabification, tone, stress, and intonation.
LNGS 402: Semantics

This course will introduce students to some of the basic concepts in the study of meaning in
language and the ways in which meaning is conveyed. Issues in connection with word and
sentence meaning as well as the relationship between sentence structure and
meaning/interpretation will be explored. Some of the topics to be discussed are: semantic
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relations (such as synonymy, antonymy, polysemy and homophony); semantic relations involving
sentences (such as paraphrase, entailment, and contradiction); structural ambiguity and thematic
roles.
LNGS 403: Syntax II

This course is aimed at helping students to acquire advanced knowledge in syntactic analysis
using data from a wide variety of languages and to prepare them for further work in any syntactic
theory. Students may be introduced to any of the competing theories of syntax such as functional
grammar, relational grammar, the principles and parameters, framework and/or the minimalist
programme.
LNGS 404 Morphological Theory

This course delves into the various theoretical approaches to the analysis of word structure. The
implications of the approaches for our understanding of the architecture of the grammar will be
assessed. As part of the course, students will be expected to apply the various theoretical
frameworks to the analysis of a morphological pattern in a language other than English. Topics to
be discussed include Construction Morphology, Distributed Morphology, Word and Paradigm
Morphology and Word Grammar.
LNGS 405 Language in Business

In the fast changing world of the workplace, effective communication has become an essential tool
for successful career practice. The idea of this course is to guide students to appreciate the
relevant connection between language analysis and the world of work. Topics covered in the
course include business-writing skills, word building strategies, effective use of words,
presentation skills, cross-cultural business and communications.
LNGS 406: Language and Politics

The course deals with the relationship between language and politics. It exposes students to
language and negotiation and the maintenance of political power relations in traditional and
contemporary societies. Topics include the grammar/linguistics and stylistics of power
negotiation, language and colonial dominations, linguistic determinism, free speech, language and
political persuasion, campaign and propaganda language, language and governance, as well as
language and the resistance of dominant ideology.
LNGS 407: Pidgin and Creole Languages

The course will cover various pidgins and creoles of the world, including those of Haiti, Jamaica,
Cameroon, Sierra Leone, Ghana and Nigeria. It exposes students to theories of their origin, their
socio-cultural significance and their use in the modern world. Their linguistic features will be
compared with those of other languages. Other topics include: structural characteristics,
pidginization, and creolization.
LNGS 408: Language Planning and Development

The course looks at the orientations and processes of language planning and their relation to the
socio-economic development of a nation. Ghana’s language situation and the type of language
policy options available and their consequences will be discussed. The topics include: the
language planning process, orientations, underlying ideologies, language planning and socio-
economic development, and Ghana’s language situation.
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LNGS 409: Advanced Theory of Translation
This course exposes students to advanced techniques and principles of translation. It also
examines the assumed co-operation between source author and translator and target receiver, in
relation to coherence and readability. Topics to be covered include embedded, parallel, and
sequential propositions, textual presentation, cohesion and prominence within information
structure.
LNGS 411: Syntax of a Ghanaian Language

This course aims at providing advanced knowledge of the syntactic structures of a particular
Ghanaian language (e.g. Akan, Dagaare, Dagbani, Dangme Ewe, Ga, and Guren). It assumes
some level of proficiency on the part of students in the language concerned. Topics include
serialization and other multiverb constructions, complementation, interrogative constructions,
relative clauses, reflexivisation, grammaticalisation, and focus constructions.
LNGS 412: Semantics of a Ghanaian Language

This course addresses the issue of how meaning is expressed in a Ghanaian language (e.g. Akan,
Dagaare, Dagbani, Dangme Ewe, Ga, and Guren). It provides students with the knowledge of
sense relations. Each of this set of courses concentrates on the semantics of aspect and aspectual
constructions, including the relations between the semantics of the root and the semantics of the
affix. Verb valency and semantic argument roles, the semantics of derived verbs, topicalization,
focus and related phenomena may be considered.
LNGS 413: Syntax of English

This course provides students the opportunity to appreciate some of the advanced issues in the
syntax of English. Informed by advances in various theoretical approaches to the structure of
English beyond the word level, the course examines topics such as grammatical relations,
complementation, transitivity, relative clause formation, reflexivisation, interrogatives, and
identificational and existential constructions.
LNGS 414: Semantics of English

In this course, the basic semantic unit, the proposition, is analysed into a central predicate plus
various participant’s roles and circumstances, which may be negated. Propositions may be linked
in parallel, in sequence, or with embedding. Other topics include information units, topic, focus,
presupposed information, expression of a sender’s attitude, second-language varieties of Standard
English.
LNGS 415: Linguistics and Language Teaching

The course will expose students to the relevance of insights from linguistic research to the
development of methods of language teaching. Various methods of language teaching and their
effectiveness will be explored. Topics to be covered include the Audio-lingual method,
Communicative Language Teaching, Total Physical Response and the teaching of reading,
comprehension and spelling.
LNGS 416: Language and Literacy

The course deals with theoretical issues involved in the definition of the concept of style. Current
advances in the theory of style will be treated. Topics to be dealt with include the definition and
functions of literature, stylistics and literature, foregrounding, euphony, imagery, flashback, and
style in advertising and political speeches.
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LING 417: Language and Law
The course examines notions of meaning and usage that are exploited in the legal field. Its main
focus is on language as a tool for understanding legal matters. As part of the course, a number of
actual legal cases that illustrate the various linguistic notions of ambiguity, vagueness, metaphor,
etc. will be examined. Topics include: features and structures of legal language, notions of status,
states and acts, relevance of speech act theory in hearsay, contract formation and language crimes.
LNGS 418: Psycholinguistics

In this course, students will gain an insight into the relationship between language behaviour and
the psychological processes that underlie it. It examines crucial issues in the interaction between
the brain and language as well as theoretical issues on how language is acquired, stored and
processed. Topics include the information processing system, language articulation and
production, language processing, bilingualism and aphasia.
LNGS 419: Advanced Sign Language

The course will build upon what was taught in LNGS 322. It will focus on the syntax and
semantics of sign language at the theoretical level, and on interpreting at the practical level. There
will be two hours of practical work each week during which students will learn how to interpret
for the deaf. The topics to be covered include: clause types, grammatical facial expressions,
classifier constructions, aspect inflection on verbs and aspectual particles, the role of sign
language in deaf culture and deaf education, sign language and spoken language interpreting,
subordination and the sociolinguistics of the deaf community.
LNGS 422: Pragmatics

The course is designed to study the gap between word/sentence meaning and utterance
interpretation. It considers the variation, style, and interpretation of language use and strategies of
communication. Topics to be studied include truth versus non-truth conditional meaning, role of
context in utterance production and interpretation, implicit and explicit language use,
presupposition, entailment, speech acts, politeness, deixis, and relevance. Others are linguistic
routines, request, apology and compliments.
LNGS 424: Language and Gender

The course provides a historical overview of language and gender theory and research. It examines
the ways in which language is used by men and women, and the linguistic means by which they
are portrayed, in order to understand the process of gender (re)construction in society. Topics
include: essentialist and constructionist views on sex and gender, essentialist and constructionist
approaches to language and gender, construction of gender identities, notions of femininity and
masculinity, and representation of gender and language use in specific domains. It also involves
critical analyses of gendered texts from various domains.
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BA GHANAIAN LANGUAGE STUDIES
The Ghanaian Language Studies Programme is offered at Level 300 and 400 only Students who
intend to complete the Bachelor’s degree programme must have studied linguistics to Level 200
LEVEL 300
Major: At least 18 credits by the end of the year
Combined: At least 6 credits at the end of the year
Minor: At least 6 credits at the end of the year
Core:
Old Code New
LING 331 LNGS 301 Introduction to Phonology 3
LING 332 LNGS 302 Syntax I 3
LING 333 LNGS 303 Phonetics and Phonology of a Ghanaian Language 3
LING 334 LNGS 304 Morphology and Syntax of a Ghanaian Language 3
GHLS 331 GHLS 331 Oral Literature of a Ghanaian Language 3
GHLS 332 GHLS 332 Use of a Ghanaian Language 3
Electives
LING 347 LNGS 307 Oral Literature 3
LING 348 LNGS 308 Ethnography of Speaking 3
LING 341 LNGS 311 Child Language Development 3
LING 342 LNGS 312 Introduction to Translation Theory 3
LING 344 LNGS 314 Discourse Analysis 3
LING 345 LNGS 315 Sociolinguistics 3
LING 346 LNGS 316 Second Language Acquisition and Learning 3
New Course *LNGS 318 Acoustic Phonetics 3
LING 352 LNGS 322: Introduction to Ghanaian Sign Language 3
New Course *LNGS 324 Introduction to Research Methods in Linguistics 3
LEVEL 400
Core
Old Code New Code
LING 421 LNGS 401 Phonological Theory 3
LING 422 LNGS 402 Semantics 3
LING 423 LNGS 403 Syntax II 3
New Course *LNGS 404 Morphological Theory 3
LING 431 LNGS 411 Syntax of a Ghanaian Language 3
LING 432 LNGS 412 Semantics of a Ghanaian Language 3
GHLS 441 GHLS 441 Written Literature of a Ghanaian Language 3
GHLS 442 GHLS 442 Advanced Composition in a Ghanaian Language 3
Electives
LING 435 LNGS 405 Language in Business 3
LING 436 LNGS 406 Language and Politics 3
LING 437 LNGS 407 Pidgin and Creole Languages 3
LING 438 LNGS 408 Language Planning and Development 3
LING 439 LNGS 409 Advanced Theory of Translation 3
LING 433 LNGS 413 Syntax of English 3
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LING 434 **LNGS 414 Semantics of English 3
LING 445 LNGS 415 Linguistics and Language Teaching 3
LING 446 LNGS 416 Language and Literacy 3
LING 443 *LNGS 417 Language and Law 3
LING452 LNGS418 Psycholinguistics 3
LING 449 LNGS 419 Advanced Sign Language 3
LNGS 442 LNGS422 Pragmatics 3
LING 444 LNGS 424 Language and Gender 3
GHLS 443 GHLS 443 History and Development of a Ghanaian Language 3
GHLS 444 GHLS 444 Topics in Ghanaian Language Studies 3
GHLS 400 GHLS 400 Long Essay (Written in a Ghanaian Language) 6
GHLS 430 GHLS 430 Project (Written in a Ghanaian Language) 6
NB: GHLS400 and GHLS 430 are alternatives

NB: The GHLS course codes were not changed hence the new and the old are the same.
GHLS 331: Oral Literature of a Ghanaian Language

This course introduces students to the oral literature of a Ghanaian language. It looks at the
structure, style and performance of genres such as narratives, riddles, drum poetry, dirge,
proverbs, and libation poetry. The course will also provide students the opportunity to develop
skills in some of these genres through the live performance of notable performers.
GHLS 332: Use of a Ghanaian Language

The course is aimed at equipping students to be proficient in the various uses of a Ghanaian
language. It would involve introducing students to some of the issues involved in the writing of a
Ghanaian language, such as orthography; a focus on terminology relevant in translation from and
into the Ghanaian language. Texts for translation will come from varied areas, for example law,
the economy, health, politics, international affairs, and culture.
GHLS 441: Written Literature of a Ghanaian Language

For a respectable period of time, a number of Ghanaian languages have developed written
literature. The goal of this course is to provide students the opportunity to study some of this work
from a critical literary perspective. Attention will also be paid to the cultural underpinnings of
such works. The selection of texts will cover prose, drama, and poetry.
GHLS 442: Advanced Composition in a Ghanaian Language

Students are introduced to effective ways of evaluating their own writing as well as that of others.
Writing assignments are given on regular basis for class discussion and peer evaluation. At the end
of the course, students are expected to have gained insight into the writing process, developed
effective writing skills and techniques for evaluating compositions.
GHLS 443: History and Development of a Ghanaian Language

The course is aimed at introducing students to the history and development of the literacy of their
language. It is meant to equip students with knowledge about how the writing of their language
started and the trends that have taken place ever since. The topics to be treated include:
sociolinguistic survey of the language, introduction of writing, the role of the missionaries, pre-
and post- independence policies of MTE, and the teaching and learning of the Ghanaian language.
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GHLS 444 Topics in Ghanaian Language Studies
This course provides an opportunity for students to explore some topical issues in the area of
Ghanaian language studies. The areas to be covered include language and gender, language and
law, language and arbitration, language and politics, language and business, language and
advertising, language and the media. Others include language policy and language planning,
language attitude, language shift, mother tongue education, the role of indigenous languages and
terminology (the creating of terms).
GHLS 430 Project

In this course students are encouraged to engage in projects such as creative writing, translation of
texts into a Ghanaian language, collection and compilation of oral material, and related
undertakings. Others include recording of radio and TV talk shows, transcribing, translating, and
analysing the texts. Code switching and code-mixing will also be studied paying attention to the
phonology and morphology of borrowed words. Another area of interest will be the recording of
Akan at local arbitration.
SPECIAL GHANAIAN LANGUAGE PROFICIENCY COURSE

This course is targeted mainly at foreign students who want to take advantage of their stay in
Ghana to learn a Ghanaian language. It will be offered upon demand only and subject to the
availability of an instructor already in the employment of the university. The course provides
beginners, intermediate and advanced courses in Ghanaian languages in both their spoken and
written aspects.
It is aimed at providing the students with survival-level skills in the various languages, so that they
can cope with the most common everyday task in contexts where effective communication is very
important. It will also provide those students who need knowledge of a particular Ghanaian
language for research purposes; they will acquire the skills they need to facilitate their research.
The main objectives of the programme are:
 To help learners acquire the skills in language learning, mostly listening and speaking
(and later reading and writing).
 To provide learners with an insight into the culture and customs of the Ghanaian
language speaking people as expressed in the language and compare it with their own.
 To help learners acquire the basic grammatical structures of the language.
PROGRAMME STRUCTURE
Course Code Course Title CREDITS
GHLS 111 Ghanaian Language Proficiency for Beginners 3
GHLS 112 Intermediate Ghanaian Language Proficiency 3
GHLS 113 Advanced Ghanaian Language Proficiency I 3
GHLS 114 Advanced Ghanaian Language Proficiency II 3
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Course Descriptions
GHLS 111: Ghanaian Language Proficiency for Beginners

This is a beginners’ course for non-native speakers of Ghanaian languages. The course introduces
the student to the Ghanaian language and gives brief demographic and linguistic information about
the language. It looks at the location of the language, its administrative boundaries, the regions it
occupies and the population of the speakers. The course will also discuss the number of dialects,
if any.
The sound system and the orthography (spelling) of the language will be taught with emphasis on
what is common to the language and English. The basic grammar of the language such as: word
classes (nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs and determiners), tense, aspect, negation and questions
will be taught.
There will be oral drills, pronunciation and written exercises to help students to consolidate what
they have been taught. Areas to be covered are: greetings, description of day-to-day activities,
bargaining, giving directions, talking about food, clothing and the body. Aspects of Ghanaian
culture such as religion, family issues, names and songs will also be introduced.
By the end of this course, the student is expected to demonstrate basic oral skills in the language
and read and write simple sentences in the language.
GHLS 112: Intermediate Ghanaian Language Proficiency

This course will build on what was learned in the introductory course. More emphasis will be
placed on listening, speaking, reading, translation and writing. The grammar section will revise
what was done at the beginners’ level. It will also look at simple sentences and complex
sentences, serial verb construction, phrasal verbs and idiomatic expressions.
Students will be expected to do a lot of reading and comprehension exercises using some
intermediate textbooks in the various Ghanaian languages. Students will be encouraged to do
more conversation and narration: dialogues, greetings, description of day-to-day activities,
bargaining, giving directions. There will be outreach programmes where students will interact
with traders and taxi drivers. Aspects of Ghanaian culture including religion, festivals, funerals,
politics and the society will be discussed.
By the end of the course, students are expected to be able to write simple essays about their day-
to-day activities, families, etc. and to translate texts from English into the Ghanaian language and
vice versa.
Course Requirement:
The student must have taken GHLS 111 or any beginner’s course in the respective Ghanaian
language.
GHLS 113: Advanced Ghanaian Language Proficiency I

This course will continue to place equal emphasis on areas of listening, speaking, reading, writing
and translation. More complex syntactic structures of the language such as serial verb
constructions and their negation, relative clauses and inherent complement verbs will be
introduced. Aspects of the written and oral literature of the language will be taught. Students will
also be required to engage native speakers in complex conversations and also handle topics in
various domains. They will be encouraged to listen and contribute to Ghanaian language
programmes on radio, especially Radio Univers.
By the end of the course, students should be able to write various types of compositions in the
respective Ghanaian languages and also be able to write reports based on interviews and
fieldwork. They should be able to read fluently and with comprehension some basic primers and
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supplementary readers in the various Ghanaian language. They should be able translate various
types of texts from English to the respective Ghanaian languages and vice versa.
Course Requirement:
The student must have taken GHLS 111 and GHLS 112 or a Beginner’s and an Intermediate
Course in the respective Ghanaian Languages.
GHLS 114: Advanced Ghanaian Language Proficiency II

This course will place much emphasis on both oral and written literature. The students will be
required to read Ghanaian language texts in prose, drama, poetry and oral literature genres and
identify the literary devices such as metaphor, simile, personification, pun and idiophones used in
them. They will be engaged in listening, speaking, reading, writing and translation. They will be
encouraged to engage native speakers in conversation and also handle topics in various domains
like politics, religion, education and health. Students will be assigned to listen to specific
Ghanaian language programmes on radio, especially Radio Univers, Obonu FM, Peace FM or
watch TV programmes that use the specific language being taught. They will also be encouraged
to watch news broadcasts in the Ghanaian languages on GTV. Finally, the course will involve
aspects of oral literature and customs and institutions of the Ghanaian languages. Areas to be
covered include folktales, proverbs, folksongs, religion and chieftaincy.
By the end of the course, students should be able to write small projects and reports based on
interviews and fieldwork and on some current events in the respective Ghanaian languages.
Students should be able to handle various types of texts in translation from English to the
respective Ghanaian languages and vice versa. Areas of translation should include news items,
advertisement, announcement and editorials.
Course Requirement:
The student must have taken a Beginner’s, Intermediate and Advanced I Courses in the respective
Ghanaian languages (e.g., GHLS 111, GHLS 112 and GHLS 113).
DEPARTMENT OF MODERN LANGUAGES
INTRODUCTION
The Department of Modern Languages was known, at its inception in 1950, as the Department of
French Studies, and renamed in 1964 as the Department of Modern Languages, when other
languages apart from French were introduced.
In the course of the 2008/2009 academic year, the Department of Modern Languages subjected
its undergraduate programmes, then in their fourth year of implementation, to a rigorous appraisal
with a view to introducing, curtailing, rebranding and repackaging courses.
The review process was critically driven by feedback elicited by curriculum-oriented

questionnaire administered to employers, alumni, exit groups, students and faculty. Underlying the
revision was the imperative of positioning the Department to respond to the evolving demands of
various stakeholders—State, employers, students (potential and current)—and of striking a
judicious balance between the liberal tradition of the University of Ghana and its new market-
driven orientation. In so doing, the revision helps the University to accomplish its mission
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statement of developing world-class human resources and capabilities to meet national
development needs and global challenges.
The six undergraduate programmes of the Department of Modern Languages: BA Arabic, BA

Chinese, BA Russian, BA Spanish, BA Swahili and BA Translation seek to:
a. equip students with the requisite language proficiency skills in Arabic, Chinese, Russian,
Spanish, Swahili and Translation, so that they can function in various socio-economic fields at the
national/international levels and respond to market demands, as agents of qualitative change using
language and translation skills to break linguistic and cultural barriers.
b. turn out world-class graduates with outstanding powers of articulation, analysis,

criticism, demonstrated originality and independent thinking who can bring their knowledge to
bear positively on issues as well as appreciate the intricacies of local and international geopolitics.
Products of the programmes can avail themselves of various career opportunities:
Private Sector: hospitality industry, export/import business, ICT, banking, insurance,

international finance, media, marketing, interpretation/translation, construction industry, aviation,
cross-cultural desks, consultancy, advocacy etc.
Public Sector: international affairs, Foreign Service, immigration and customs, security agencies,
trade and industry, education, law, energy sector etc.
BA ARABIC
LEVEL 100 COURSES

Courses at Level 100 are compulsory
8 credits by the end of the year
First Semester
COURSE CODE COURSE TITLE CREDITS
UGRC 141-146 Science and Technology in our |Lives 3
ARAB 101 Introduction to Arabic Studies 2
ARAB 103 Elementary Arabic Grammar I 2
OTHER SUBJECTS 2 Courses from 2 other assigned 6
Departments
Note: Students to choose any 2 courses (6 credits) of the UGRC.
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Second Semester
ARAB 102 Oral Communication Skills 2
ARAB 104 Elementary Arabic Grammar II 2
Departments
LEVEL 200 COURSES

First Semester
ARAB 201 Arabic Grammar and Translation I 3
ARAB 203 Oral and Composition I 2
ARAB 205 Arabic History and Civilization 2
OTHER SUBJECTS 2 Courses from 2 other assigned Department 6
Note: Students to choose UGRC 210 or UGRC 220 (3 credits).
Second Semester
UGRC 220 Introduction to African Studies 3
ARAB 202 Arabic Grammar and Translation II 3
ARAB 204 Oral and Composition II 2
ARAB 206 Introduction to Arabic Literature 2
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LEVEL 300 COURSES
MAJOR: At least 24 credits by the end of the academic year including all core courses
COMBINED: At least 18 credits by the end of the the year including all core courses
MINOR: At least 10 credits by the end of the academic year
First Semester
COURSE CODE Core Courses (5 Credits) CREDITS
ARAB 301 Intermediate Arabic Usage I 3
ARAB 303 Comprehension and Oral Expression I 2
Electives
ARAB 305 Translation Exercises & Aspects of Arabic 2
Structure
ARAB 307 Special Topics I 2
ARAB 309 Readings in Hadith Literature 2
ARAB 310 Language Immersion I 3
ARAB 311 Classical Arabic Literature in Translation 2
ARAB 313 Modern Arabic Literature 2
ARAB 315 Moslem Intellectual History 2
ARAB 317 Media Arabic I 2
ARAB 319 Contemporary Arab World 2
Second Semester
ARAB 302 Intermediate Arabic Usage II 3
ARAB 304 Comprehension and Oral Expression II 2
Electives
ARAB 306 Translation Exercises 2
ARAB 308 Special Topics II 2
ARAB 312 Modern Arabic Short Story in Translation 2
ARAB 314 Readings in Quranic Literature 2
ARAB 316 Aspects of Abbasid Poetry 2
ARAB 318 Media Arabic II 2
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LEVEL 400 COURSES
MAJOR: At least 36 credits by the end of the year
COMBINED: At least 18 credits by the end of the year
First Semester
ARAB 401 Advanced Arabic Proficiency I 3
ARAB 403 Oral for Academic and Professional 2
Purposes
Electives
ARAB 400 Long Essay 6
DMLA 401 Research Methods 2
ARAB 405 Advanced Translation Skills I 2
ARAB 407 Selected Topics I 2
ARAB 409 Gender and Identity in Modern Arabic 2
Literature
ARAB 410 Language Immersion II 3
ARAB 411 Aspects of Islamic and Umayyad Poetry 2
ARAB 413 Arabic Literary Traditions in West Africa 2
ARAB 415 Arabic Literature and Thought 2
ARAB 417 Arabs and Globalisation 2
ARAB 419 Writings of Ghanaian Ulama 2
ARAB 421 Functional Arabic I 2
ARAB 423 Higher Language Proficiency 2
Second Semester
ARAB 402 Advanced Arabic Proficiency II 3
ARAB 404 Advanced Oral Expression 2
Electives
ARAB 406 Advanced Translation Skills II 2
ARAB 408 Selected Topics II 2
ARAB 412 Arabic in West Africa 2
ARAB 414 Modern Arabic Novel in Translation 2
ARAB 416 Discourse Analysis and Stylistics 2
ARAB 418 Aspects of Ancient Arabic Literature 2
ARAB 420 Study Abroad 6
ARAB 422 Functional Arabic II 2
ARAB 424 Readings in Andalusian and Mahjar 2
Literature
COURSE DESCRIPTIONS
ARAB 101 Introduction to Arabic Studies

The course introduces the student to the fundamentals of Modern Standard Arabic, intended to
develop oral and aural proficiency, and mastery of the Arabic alphabet for rudimentary reading
and writing so as to build the foundational grammar for simple sentence structure. Visual aids will
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be used to facilitate the development of reading and writing skills. Students will also acquire a fair
understanding of the Arabs and their culture from the classical to the modern period.
ARAB 102 Oral Communication Skills

This course builds upon the rudiments of Modern Standard Arabic learnt in ARAB 101, with
examination of components of various Arabic simple sentence structures. A progressive
acquisition of vocabulary continues through reading and writing drills. The course will further
develop student’s ability to communicate in Modern Standard Arabic at the elementary level. Oral
expression will be practiced through simulations of everyday expressions and very basic phrases
so that the student can interact in a simple way.
ARAB 103 Elementary Arabic Grammar I

The course introduces the student to the fundamentals of Modern Standard Arabic: orthography,
basic grammar and syntax and vocabulary acquisition. It develops student’s fundamental working
knowledge of Modern Standard Arabic within the context of basic Arabic Syntax and
Morphology. Students will learn to read and write simple texts and answer questions on them.
Emphasis is generally on the basic nominal sentence.
ARAB 104 Elementary Arabic Grammar II

The course further introduces the rudiments of Modern Standard Arabic, with emphasis on word
order and the verbal sentence. A progressive acquisition of vocabulary continues. The course will
continue to build student’s working knowledge of Modern Standard Arabic by examining further
the essentials of basic Arabic Syntax and Morphology. More functional elements of the Arabic
grammar will be taught. Emphasis will still be on the nominal sentence.
ARAB 201 Arabic Grammar and Translation I

The course consolidates and sustains students’ acquired skills in reading and writing standard
Arabic and introduces more syntactic structures by analysing short focused texts. Students will be
introduced to contextualized and authentic grammar exercises with the purpose of integrating
grammar concepts in their writing and oral expression. The course will also deal with the
translation of simple sentences. The aim is to enhance the understanding of Arabic sentence types,
their components, functions and characteristics, through grammar and translation exercises.
ARAB 202 Arabic Grammar and Translation II

The course provides further studies in syntactic structures, with readings in a variety of texts.
More complex grammatical concepts relevant to students’ level will be introduced. Contextualized
grammar exercises will be provided to students in order to enhance their reading and writing
skills. The translation part focuses on simple texts, thereby providing students with a greater
understanding of sentences in Modern Standard Arabic through grammatical analyses and
translation exercises.
ARAB 203 Orals and Composition I

This course is intended to develop students’ communication skill through group and individual
conversations generated by issues arising from texts read in class or from viewing or listening to
audio-visual materials of simple standard Arabic dealing with simple cultural situations. The aim
is to provide students with relevant skills in order to be able to communicate in simple and routine
tasks requiring a simple and direct exchange of information on familiar and routine matters.
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ARAB 204 Orals and Composition II
This is a continuation of ARAB 203 and is to further develop students’ ability in oral and written
communication. The course is intended to help students to increase their speaking skill and to
communicate proficiently through interactive practice in daily communicative situations. It also
aims at providing students skills to be able to produce simple connected topics that are familiar or
of personal interest. In addition, the course will focus on developing student’s basic writing skills
through the use of various writing forms.
ARAB 205 Arabic History and Civilization

This is a survey course based on textual sources from ancient Arabic literature, philosophy,
scripture, designed to introduce the major aspects of Arabic and Islamic cultures from the classical
to the modern period. The impact of external influences on their social and cultural life will be
examined, beginning from Turkish Ottoman Empire through the invasion of Napoleon Bonaparte
to the current era of globalisation.
ARAB 206 Introduction to Arabic Literature

This course aims at providing students with an informative backround about Arabic literature. It
involves a critical examination of the key forms of Arabic literature, and a survey of different
genres (i.e. poetry, short story, novel, etc.) with a particular focus on themes addressing social,
economic, and cultural life of the people of the Middle East and North Africa. Selected
representative texts of different genres will be examined
ARAB 301 Intermediate Arabic Usage I

This course is an introduction to the grammatical rules of the Arabic language set by traditional
Arab grammarians. The aim is to enhance the understanding of Arabic sentence types, their
components, functions and characteristics, through grammar and translation exercises. It also aims
at providing students required skills to be able to understand the main points of clear standard
input on familiar matters regularly encountered in school, leisure, etc.
ARAB 302 Intermediate Arabic Usage II

This is a further study of the syntactic structures of Arabic sentences, with new sentence elements
and parts of speech, thereby providing students with a greater understanding of sentences in
Modern Standard Arabic through grammatical analytical exercises. The course will focus on
various aspects of grammar, such as advanced usage of pronouns, adjectives, etc. Students can
understand the main ideas of complex text on familiar matters by the use of various grammatical
tools and contextualized grammar exercises.
ARAB 303 Comprehension and Oral Expression I

This course involves practical interactive communication exercises aimed at developing student’s
abilities in oral and written expressions, with emphasis on vocabulary acquisition and
comprehension skills. The course deals with various topics in varied events and contexts involving
interactive dialogues, discussions, debates, official meetings, essay writing and presentation.
Students will be able to talk on an issue relevant to them through oral presentations and
simulations.
ARAB 304 Comprehension and Oral Expression II

This course involves further practical interactive communication exercises aimed at developing
student’s abilities in oral and written expressions. The course deals with various topics in varied
events and contexts involving interactive dialogues, discussions, debates, official meetings, essay
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writing and presentation. Texts in this course are more complicated. Students will be able to
explain a viewpoint on a topical issue through oral presentations and simulations.
ARAB 305 Translation Exercises & Aspects of Arabic Structure

This course is an introduction of translation exercise from English to Arabic with special attention
on structure of Arabic sentences. Both nominal and verbal Arabic sentences together with their
relevant grammatical concepts will be introduced. Students will be equipped with the ability to
translate texts of simple and complex structure. This is to help student acquire higher level of
proficiency in Arabic.
ARAB 306 Translation Exercises

This course is a continuation of ARAB 305. The course further introduces students to advanced
translation excercises. Students are engaged in series of translation exercises dealing with more
complex sentence structures with special emphasis on some key aspects of Arabic Grammar.
Students are exposed to a wide range of topics in order to enhance their acquisition of Arabic
vocabulary and idiomatic expressions.
ARAB 307 Special Topics I

This course involves the treatment of specific topics in various academic fields and other areas of
special interest to the teaching faculty/course instructor. It aims at catering for any undesigned
course that may needto be taught with the availability of a new/visiting member of staff but is not
catered for in the syllabus. This is intended, therefore, to provide for ad hoc future demands.
ARAB 308 Special Topics II

course that may need to be taught with the availability of a new/visiting member of staff but is not
catered for in the syllabus. This is intended, therefore, to provide for ad hoc future demands.
ARAB 309 Readings in Hadith Literature

This course aims at studying the textual history of the Hadith genre and its relation to the Koran
with respect to language, themes and artistic features. Various classifications of the Hadith will be
introduced. Students will be exposed to various methodological approaches of analysing the text,
with a brief survey of the process of collection and compilation of major classifications of Hadith
books.
ARAB 310 Language Immersion I

This is an intensive three-credit long-vacation study in an Arabic speaking country or at home. It
is intended to give students the opportunity to experience and practice the Arabic language and its
culture and to acquire the socio-linguistic usage of the language. Students may also undertake this
language immersion course at the University of Ghana during the long vacation between Levels
200 and 300.
ARAB 311 Classical Arabic Literature in Translation

The course is a survey of classical Arabic literature in translation. It is designed to introduce
students to the Classical Arabic literary tradition through readings of major works with assigned
texts in English translation. At least, three representative works will be studied. The course
introduces students to genres and themes of classical Arabic literature. Taught in English.
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ARAB 312 Modern Arabic Short Story in Translation
This is a study of the historical development of the Arabic short story involving the discussion of
literary theories, forms, themes and styles. Translated literary works of prominent Arab writers
would be examined. Students are exposed to representative selections of modern Arabic short
story as a reflection of Arab societies. Taught in English.
ARAB 313 Modern Arabic Literature

This is an introduction to Modern Arabic Literature through an overview of the evolution of the
various genres: poetry, short story, novel and drama. Literary works of prominent 19 th century
Arab writers will be examined, with special focus on thematic analyses and evaluation of artistic
values. Students will be exposed to literature from different Arab countries.
ARAB 314 Readings in Quranic Literature

This course deals with the evaluation of the language, form and style of the Qur’an for its literary
worth. A number of suras will be chosen for detailed study and analysis. The course exposes
students to different texts (Meccan vs. Medinan) of the Qur’an. Students will be provided with the
rich understanding of the Qur’an as not only a religious book but also a piece of literary work.
ARAB 315 Moslem Intellectual History

The aim of the course is to acquaint students with the major contributions of Muslim scholars to
the development of Arab and world civilisations throughout history. Contributions in the fields of
linguistics, philosophy, mathematics, medicine, geography, history and the sciences will be
treated. Persons from different geographical areas will be considered.
ARAB 316 Aspects of Abbasid Poetry

The course aims at covering some major aspects of poetry during the Abbasid era from 750 AD to
the fall of their dynasty in 1258. Factors affecting the thematic and stylistic modifications of
poetry will be examined. Some selected Abbasid poets and their works will be analyzed. This will
include poets like Abuu Nawas, Abul cAlaa, Al-Mutanabbi, Abuu Tammam, etc.
ARAB 317 Media Arabic I

The course exposes students to the vocabulary and styles of the Arabic media, both print and
electronic media. The course develops student’s ability to listen as well as read varrying news
content in the Arab world.Various Arab mass media topics such as politics, social and cultural
issues are covered. Students develop strategies for listening and reading skills. Students will be
introduced to Arabic news sources, such as BBC Arabic, Aljazeera, etc.
ARAB 318 Media Arabic II

This is a continuation of ARAB 317. The course further exposes students to the vocabulary and
styles of the Arabic media, both print and electronic media. Specialized areas such as economics,
business and weather reporting are introduced at this stage. Students are introduced to a range of
news media in Arabic-speaking countries, including magazines and other sources like Aljazeera
and BBC. Drills and training are provided in order to expand student’s comprehension of
specialized vocabulary.
ARAB 319 Contemporary Arab World

Students will be acquainted with the historical background of the modern Middle East and North
Africa. Issues such as nationalism and the emergence of the Arab states; the discovery of oil and
its implications for the Arab world; the Israeli-Palestinian/Arab conflict; Arab politics and society
as well as Arab-African relations will also be studied.
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ARAB 400 Long Essay
This is a research paper on a topic of the student’s choice, undertaken under a lecturer’s consent
and supervision in partial fulfillment of an undergraduate programme. It may normally be on a
subject of academic, literary, or linguistic relevance. This course is compulsory for all Single
Major students. Students willing to do graduate course in Arabic are advised to take this course
ARAB 401 Advanced Arabic Proficiency I

This course aims to build on students’ previous knowledge of Arabic to help them acquire
advanced syntactical and morphological features of Modern Standard Arabic grammar for use in
listening comprehension, Reading, Structure, Writing, and Speaking. Students acquire
competencies to help them synthesize and analyze authentic materials. They will become familiar
to a range of materials, including cultural, academic and social texts that will help them acquire
competency in Arabic.
DMLA 401 Research Methods

This course takes students through the practical steps necessary for carrying out and independent
research work on Foreign Languages and Literatures. It will cover types of research methods,
research processes, including the selection of a topic, data collection, abstracts, introductions,
conclusions, review of literature, bibliography compilation etc. Students are required to submit
independent research projects at the end of the course.
This is a required course for students in the Department of Modern Languages who have not taken
a Research Methods course in another Department.
ARAB 402 Advanced Arabic Proficiency II

This course is a continuation of ARAB 401. It aims to consolidate Arabic grammatical structures
learned in ARAB 401. More advanced reading materials as well as complex linguistic features;
syntactic and morphological are introduced at this level. The course aims at helping students
develop their overall Arabic proficiency through the reading and analyzing of advanced linguistic,
political and cultural materials. Students will be exposed to a variety of Arab cultures in order to
enhance their overview of the diversity of the Arabs.
ARAB 403 Oral for Academic and Professional Purposes

This course aims at providing students with Arabic oral and analytical skills for use in their
academic and future professional environments. The theme-based approach will be employed in
introducing students to academic genres, such as research articles, acknowledgments, etc. Some
professional areas like the media, business and science will be introduced as well. Overall, the
course will provide students with the sociolinguistic competence that will help them use the
Arabic language in academic and professional setups appropriately.
ARAB 404 Advanced Oral Expression

This course is designed to develop students’ communicative competence in the Arabic language. It
will strengthen their listening and speaking skills. It will also provide students with a practical
prolonged use of the language in order to be able to communicate in different situations involving
formal and informal language. Students will be guided to extend their existing knowledge of
vocabulary through presentation of different authentic materials and text sources.
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ARAB 405Advanced Translation Skills I
This course aims to introduce students to advance translation skills and help bilingual speakers
become familiar with translation techniques. It develops practical translation skills to equip
students with needed skills to deal with various texts from different fields. It will also introduce
students to selected key issues in translation studies and enable students to think critically about
linguistic and cultural issues associated with translation.
.
ARAB 406 Advanced Translation Skills II
This is a continuation of ARAB 405. The course aims to extend and further refine
students’ practical translation skills studied at the previous semester. Students are
introduced to issues of translation theory and techniques that will inform their translation
practice. More complex texts from a variety of sources will be used. Selected texts will
be in both Arabic and English.
ARAB 407 Selected Topics I

catered for in the syllabus. Topics covered include various aspects of Arabic language and
literature and other current issues of importance in the Arab world.
ARAB 408 Selected Topics II

catered for in the syllabus. Topics covered include various aspects Arabic language and literature
and other current issues of importance in the Arab world.
ARAB 409 Gender and Identity in Modern Arabic Literature

The course aims at investigating the construction of gender through readings from a variety of
Arab discourses in modern Arabic literature.This will be done in relation to the historical and
political contexts in which the literature texts were written. The course explores critical issues of
gender and power among the Arabs. Attention will be paid to gender issues among the Arabs
within historical, social, political and religious contexts.
ARAB 410 Language Immersion II

This is specially packaged intensive long-vacation study in an Arabic speaking country or locally.
It is intended to give students the opportunity to practice Arabic language constantly and to
experience its rich and unique culture. It also offers students the opportunity to understand the
changing Arab world. This immersion course is available between Levels 300 and 400.
ARAB 411 Aspects of Islamic and Umayyad Poetry

The course will acquaint students with some characteristics of poetry during the Islamic and
Umayyad periods. The political, religious and social factors and their impact on poetry will be
considered, through the study of the compositions of famous poets of the time. Some selected
poets like Al-Farazdaq, Al-Jarir, Al-Akhtal and their works will be analyzed.
ARAB 412 Arabic in West Africa

The course considers the coming of Islam to West Africa, and the subsequent development and
spread of Arabic learning. The study involves readings from the publications of West African
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scholars from Mali, Senegal, Ghana, Nigeria, etc. The course explores the socio-cultural effect of
teaching Arabic language in the traditional Muslim schools and tertiary institutions in the sub-
region.
ARAB 413 Arabic Literary Traditions in West Africa

This course is essentially a historical survey of literary productions of Muslim scholars in West
Africa, specifically Ghana and Nigeria, which entails textual analysis of selected Arabic works,
focusing on form, content and style. The works of some selected scholars like Alhaji Umar Karki,
Sheikh Usman dan Fodio, etc. will be studied.
ARAB 414 Modern Arabic Novel in Translation

The course focuses on the major trends in the development of the Modern Arabic novel from 18th
Century till present. Literary theories and ideologies associated with this genre will be studied.
This will entail examination of representative works of prominent Arab writers, with special focus
on thematic analyses and artistic values. Works to be examined will come from Egypt, the
Levantine and the Gulf region.
ARAB 415 Arabic Literature and Thought

The course focuses on philosophical thoughts and concepts in prose fictions of some selected Arab
writers of post-colonial era. Students will analyse the various philosophical views and theories in
the stories studied. Students will be introduced to critical and major thoughts relevant to Arabic
literary writings, especially as represented by Arab theorist and authors in their literary works.
ARAB 416 Discourse Analysis and Stylistics

The course aims at introducing students to the textual analysis of Arabic discourses at the levels of
lexicon, grammar, sentence, style, and text as they affect meaning. Students will be introduced to
various Arabic literary texts in order to enhance their appreciation of stylistics employed by
prominent Arabic writers in conveying meanings. Key elements of structural linguistics, speech
act and discourse theories will be examined and given practical usage through exercises.
ARAB 417 Arabs and Globalisation

The course deals with an aspect of the Arab cultural studies, which seeks to examine various
viewpoints on globalisation within Arab intellectual discourse and conflicts arising thereof. The
cultural ‘protectionism’ agenda of the traditionalists against the modernists’ campaign of
liberalism will form the basis of this study. Various parts of the Arabic speaking countries and
how globalisation has influenced their ways of life will be looked at.
ARAB 418 Aspects of Ancient Arabic Literature

The course aims at introducing students to aspects of Arabic literature of the Jalihiyya Period. The
emphasis will be on the main linguistic and philosophical elements that characterised literature of
that period. Samples of the ancient literary works will be read for analysis. The main characters of
the period will be introduced to students, as well.
ARAB 419 Writings of Ghanaian Ulama

This course is a textual study of some selected literary works of Ghanaian Muslim writers such as
Umar Karki and others for analysis, and appreciation. Critical evaluation of their peculiar artistic
features will be conducted. Their socio-religious contribution to the Ghanaian society will be
discussed. This evaluation will be conducted in relation to other literary works from the West
African sub-region and beyond.
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ARAB 420 Study Abroad
This is a two-semester six-credit course in Arabic language, literature and culture to be undertaken
in an institution in an Arab-speaking country. It is intended to give students the opportunity to
practice Arabic language constantly and to experience its rich and unique culture. It also offers
students the opportunity to understand the changing Arab world. Only students combining or
majoring can take this course.
ARAB 421 Functional Arabic I

This course will focus on reading specialized Arabic texts with varied registers for particular
social and professional contexts; e.g. Businness Arabic, Medical Arabic and Diplomatic Arabic.
Arabic texts of literary, religious, and legal nature will be introduced. Early Arabic writings from
classical and Islamic period will be studied for stylistic evaluation and appreciation.
ARAB 422 Functional Arabic II

This is a follow-up course to ARAB 421. The course provides further readings in complex
religious, literary, and legal Arabic texts with various contextual meanings of their lexical
components. More complex Arabic texts of literary, religious, and legal nature will be introduced.
All texts will be studied for stylistic evaluation and appreciation.
ARAB 423 Higher Language Proficiency

This course involves advanced practical communication exercises aimed at further developing
students’ ability in oral and written expressions. The course deals with readings in specialised
topics, such as politics, medicine, sports, business and religion, using interactive dialogues,
discussions, debates, essay writing and presentations.
Students will be able to use Arabic flexibly for social and academic purposes.
ARAB 424 Readings in Andalusian and Mahjar Literature

The course gives a historical survey of Andalus and Mahjar literature. It however concentrates on
the main literary features of Arab poetry produced during the Arab occupation of Spain, as well as
acquainting students with the works of emigrant Arab poets who lived in Europe and the
Americas. Students are exposed to the literary works of Poets such as Ibn Zaydun, Ibn Haani, Ibn
Hazm, etc.
BA CHINESE
LEVEL 100 COURSES
All courses at Level 100 are compulsory
First Semester
*CHIN 101 Introduction to Chinese Studies 2
*CHIN 103 Elementary Chinese Grammar I 2
OTHER SUBJECTS 2 Courses from 2 other assigned Departments 6
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Second Semester
*CHIN 102 Oral Communication Skills 2
*CHIN 104 Elementary Chinese Grammar II 2
Departments
LEVEL 200 COURSES

All courses at Level 200 are compulsory
First Semester
*CHIN 201 Chinese Grammar and Translation I 3
*CHIN 203 Oral and Composition I 2
*CHIN 205 Chinese History and Civilization 2
Second Semester
*CHIN 202 Chinese Grammar and Translation II 3
*CHIN 204 Oral and Composition II 2
*CHIN 206 Introduction to Chinese Literature 2
LEVEL 300 COURSES

MAJOR: At least 24 credits by the end of the academic year
COMBINED: At least 18 credits by the end of the academic year
First Semester
*CHIN 301 Intermediate Chinese Usage I 3
#CHIN 303 Comprehension and Oral Expression I 2
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Electives
#CHIN 305 Language and Translation Skills 2
*CHIN 307 Special Topics I 2
*CHIN 310 Language Immersion I 3
*CHIN 311 Aspects of Ancient Chinese Literature 2
CHIN 313 Newspaper Chinese I 2
CHIN 315 Business Chinese I 2
Second Semester
*CHIN 302 Intermediate Chinese Usage I 3
#CHIN 304 Comprehension and Oral Expression II 2
Electives
*CHIN 306 Translation Exercises 2
*CHIN 308 Special Topics 2
#CHIN 312 Aspects of Modern Chinese Literature 2
CHIN 314 Newspaper Chinese II 2
CHIN 316 Business Chinese II 2
LEVEL 400 COURSES

First Semester
CHIN 401 Advanced Chinese Language Proficiency I 3
*CHIN 403 Oral for Academic and Professional 2
Purposes I
Electives
CHIN 400 Long Essay 6
*DMLA 401 Resesarch Methods 2
#CHIN 405 Advanced Translation Skills I 2
*CHIN 407 Selected Topics I 2
#CHIN 410 Language Immersion II 3
CHIN 411 Readings in Modern Chinese Literature I 2
*CHIN 413 Advanced Newspaper Chinese I 2
CHIN 415 Advanced Business Chinese I 2
CHIN 417 Classical Chinese I 2
Second Semester
CHIN 402 Advanced Chinese Language Proficiency II 2
*CHIN 404 Oral for Acdemic and Professional Purpose II 2
Electives
CHIN 406 Advanced Translation Skills I 2
*CHIN 408 Selected Topics II 2
*CHIN 412 Further Readings in Modern Chinese Literature 2
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*CHIN 414 Advanced Newspaper Chinese II 2
CHIN 416 Advanced Business Chinese II 2
CHIN 418 Classical Chinese II 2
CHIN 420 Study Abroad 6
COURSE DESCRIPTIONS
CHIN 101 Introduction to Chinese Studies

Students will be introduced to the Chinese (Mandarin) language through the Pinyin phonetic
system which is the Romanised transcribed form of standard Chinese. This subject will also
involve studying the rudiments of Mandarin pronunciation and listening, with emphasis on
communicative ability. At the end of the semester students should be able to know the main ways
of learning Chinese.
CHIN 102 Oral Communication Skills

This course is composed of elementary reading comprehension and conversation. Students will
learn basic conversational skills such as introducing themselves, greeting other people, talking
about one’s family, talking about one’s school, asking for the location of a school, a bank, a
hospital and a post office. Students should be able to carry out simple one sentence conversations
on everyday topics.
CHIN 103 Elementary Chinese Grammar I

This course will introduce at least 300 Chinese characters and related compounds. Students will be
introduced to the basic syntax of Mandarin Chinese. Emphasis will equally be placed on the
acquisition of the most useful expressions and sentences about family, friends as well as
information about age and nationality.
CHIN 104 Elementary Chinese Grammar II

This course will help students to expand the basic grammatical notions acquired in the first
semester. Many of the grammatical constructions studied in CHIN 103 will be repeated with
higher level of complexity in style and usage. All students will learn how to ask questions and the
different ways of answering questions, as well as how to use certain measure words for different
categories of nouns.
CHIN 201 Chinese Grammar and Translation I

The purpose of this course is to encourage students’ acquisition of active vocabulary, expressions
and grammatical structures through the practice of translation as a pedadgogical tool. Through this
course students will learn more phrases of Chinese vocabulary such as “de phrase” and so on.
Some basic skills in translation will also be introduced to them. The course will be text based with
elementary level difficulties. Additional characters will be introduced.
CHIN 202 Chinese Grammar and Translation II

This course involves the translation of simple passages taken from varied sources including
business, literary and newspaper texts, and their vocabulary will be expanded. The students will
learn how to analyze complex sentences. Through this translation practice, students will learn the
main skills of translation from English into Chinese and vice versa.
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CHIN 203 Orals and Composition I
This course is intended to teach the linkage between oral and written Chinese. Emphasis will be
placed on oral-written comprehension. Students will be required to transpose into writing what
they can say in Chinese up to the paragraph level. Some basic knowledge about formal and
informal Chinese will be also introduced to help the students know the difference between orals
and composition.
CHIN 204 Orals and Composition II

This course will comprise intermediate listening comprehension and conversation. In this course
students will be made to listen to appropriate audio tapes and CDs of average difficulty. The levels
of their comprehension will be measured in question-and-answer sections. Students should be able
to discuss daily routines, ask for and give simple directions as well as talk on the phone.
CHIN 205 Chinese History and Civilization

Basic knowledge about Chinese history and civilization should be introduced to the students. This
course will take students through the geographical frontiers of the language, the cultural diversity
and unity of China as well as the salient historical events that led to the development of Mandarin
as the dominant language of China today.
CHIN 206 Introduction to Chinese Literature

This course will introduce the development of Chinese literature to the students: Chinese literature
in English translation or literary works in English produced by Chinese writers from 11 th Century
BC to 20th Century AC. It will introduce the historical and cultural context of modern Chinese
writing as well as various critical appproaches to its study.
CHIN 301 Intermediate Chinese Usage I

The purpose of this course is to deepen students’ command of active vocabulary, expressions and
grammatical structures and their ability to use them to write cohesive and coherent short prose
such as summaries and essays. Active vocabulary acquired by students will be increased by 500
additional characters.
CHIN 302 Intermediate Chinese Usage II

This course is designed to improve upon students’ command of active vocabulary, expression and
grammatical structures and their ability to use them appropriately for communication. Students
will also be introduced to media Chinese (television, radio, newspaper etc.). Students taking this
course will be asked to write 200 words composition at the end of the semester.
CHIN 303 Comprehension and Oral Expression I

This course will build on CHIN 301. Students will be made to listen to appropriate audio tapes
and CDs or to watch films of above average difficulty. They will also be required to carry out
simple face-to-face conversations with ease as well as narrate simple stories or describe familiar
events.
CHIN 304 Comprehension and Oral Expression II

This course involves intermediate listening comprehension and oral practice. Students will be
engaged in more materials of listening comprehension to ensure that they can understand more
complicated sentences. Through conversation and discussion based on general topics in an
interactive fashion, students will express their ideas and defend their points of view clearly and
coherently.
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CHIN 305 Language and Translation Skills
This course will involve the translation of more complex passages taken from varied sources.
Students will be introduced to translation techniques, and encouraged to identify translation
problems and apply such techniques to the translation of texts containing idiomatic expressions.
The vocabulary of the texts to be translated should be around 1500 Chinese characters.
CHIN 306 Translation Exercises

This course will focus on the translation of business documents mostly related to China. Passages
will be chosen from sources such as newpapers, brochures and books. The vocabulary of the texts
to be translated in relation to this course should be around 2000 Chinese characters. The
translation of these texts will enable students enhance their ability to translate semi
specialised/technical texts.
CHIN 307 Special Topics I

This course is designed to cover broad areas of Chinese culture and civilisation such as the
Chinese educational system, its philosophy and practice. The course instructor is at liberty to
choose from a wide range of topics relevant to his/ her area of competence and of interest to the
Chinese curriculum.
CHIN 308 Special Topics II

This course is intended to broaden the scope of CHIN 307 without necessarily making the latter a
pre-requisite. New areas not previously treated will be considered. With the help of this course the
students will study more social phenomena of Chinese culture and delve deeper into certain
aspects of Chinese culture.
CHIN 310 Language Immersion I

This is a 3 credit long vacation specially packaged intensive study in a university in any Chinese
speaking country. In lieu of that, students may undertake a language immersion course at the
University of Ghana during the long vacation between levels 200 and 300. The emphasis in this
course will be on language and culture (cinema, culinary, arts, sports, etc.).
CHIN 311 Aspects of Ancient Chinese Literature

This course introduces students to the English translations of ancient Chinese literature. It involves
ancient poems, prose and fiction from the 11 th century BC to the beginning of the 20 th century.
Students will learn the basic knowledge about the history of Chinese ancient literature. Some
classical works will be studied.
CHIN 312 Aspects of Modern Chinese Literature

This course will introduce the historical and cultural context of modern Chinese writing as well as
various critical approaches to its study. About two novels and two plays should be studied to help
the students acquire the basic knowledge about Modern Chinese Literature.
CHIN 313 Newspaper Chinese I

Newspaper Chinese presents certain characteristic linguistic features that students at this level
should be conversant with. This course is intended to develop students’ skills in reading Chinese
newspapers by focusing on these distinctive features of the Chinese language. This course will
help every student accumulate 500 Chinese words to augment their vocabulary and to improve
their skills in reading a Chinese newspaper.
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CHIN 314 Newspaper Chinese II
This course proceeds from CHIN 313 and involves the reading, analysis and discussion of the
different linguistic aspects of Chinese newpaper styles at a deeper level. This course aims at
adding another 500 Chinese words to learner’s vocabulary. One’s speed when reading a Chinese
newspaper will be improved at the end of this course.
CHIN 315 Business Chinese I

This course concentrates on the training of students in their acquisition of the basic specialised
vocabulary required in oral and written communicative skills in the conduct of business in
Chinese. It also deals with conventions in modern business. Most of the course materials available
for this course will be selected from different business sites.
CHIN 316 Business Chinese II

This is an intermediate course covering the areas of Chinese financial business, correspondent
skills and Chinese business practices. Certain business negotiation skills will also be added in this
course to help the students know how to learn operate a successful business. It is also intended to
broaden students’ knowledge of modern Chinese business terminology.
CHIN 400 Long Essay

This is a research paper or a creative work on a topic of a student’s choice undertaken under a
lecturer’s supervision in partial fulfillment of an undergraduate programme. The long essay should
not be less than 5000 Chinese characters in fluent Chinese.
CHIN 401 Advanced Chinese Language Proficiency I

This course is intended to increase to the highest level students’ knowledge of the Chinese
characters, idiomatic expressions and colloquialisms as well as expand the range of their active
vocabulary and more especially deepen their mastery of more complex grammatical structures.
The student’s ability of using Chinese will be practised and improved in this course.

This is a required course for students in the Department of Modern Languages who have not taken
a Research Methods course in another Department.
CHIN 402: Advanced Chinese Language Proficiency II

By the end of this course, students will be able to write coherent and cohesive prose. Their
knowledge in grammar and their skills in reading and in writing will all be able. They should have
mastered the use of further idiomatic expressions as well as expanded their range of active
vocabulary expressions amd grammatical structures.
CHIN 403 Oral for Academic and Professional Purposes I

This course involves the reading and discussion of texts from varied sources including newspaper
articles, literary selections and academic essays as well as materials on business and commercial
communication. The students’ vocabulary in the academic field will be expanded to help them
perform more effectively in carrying out Academic conversations.
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CHIN 404 Oral for Academic and Professional Purposes II
In this course students will build on the skills acquired in CHIN 403 and will practise spoken
Chinese in complex and sophisticated comunication situations. Their vocabulary will be stronger
to help them understand more Academic conversations. The listening ability will also be improved
with the help of this course.
CHIN 405 Advanced Translation Skills I

This will involve the translation of scholarly articles and selections in the humanities and social
sciences, mostly related to China. Emphasis will shift from general translation-translation as
another means of language acquisition-to introducing students to translation of semi specialised
texts.
CHIN 406 Advanced Translation Skills II

This course will focus on the translation of business documents, mostly related to China. It will
build on the previous knowledge of students in this area.Passages will be chosen from sources
such as newspapers, magazines, brochures and books and would present higher levels of
difficulties than the previous courses. The translation of these texts will help students to improve
their ability in translating specialised/technical texts.
CHIN 407 Selected Topics I

catered for in the syllabus. New areas such as China-Africa relations, Chinese business
environment as well as information on intercultural communication will be treated.
CHIN 408 Selected Topics II

To further broaden the domain of selected topics, this course may consider areas relating to
Chinese linguistics, lexicology and lexicography. The choice of topics will depend on the field of
competence and interest of the course instructor. Students may also be required to prepare on
interested fields of study and present them in class for discussions.
CHIN 410 Language Immersion II

This course comes to complement Language Immersion I and is intended to be part II of
intensive study in any university in any Chinese speaking country. Students who could not benefit
from this international experience would undertake a higher language immersion course at the
University of Ghana during the long vacation between levels 300 and 400.
CHIN 411 Readings in Modern Chinese Literature

This course will focus primarily on Chinese fiction written in Chinese and published since the
beginning of the 20th century. At least three works by prominent and world acclaimed writers will
be studied. Famous writers such as Luxan, Guomoruo, Maodun, Bajin, Lao she, Caogu will be
studied. Students will be introduced to their masterpieces.
CHIN 412 Further Readings in Modern Chinese Literature

This course will focus primarily on Chinese drama and poetry written in Chinese and published
since the beginning of the 20th century. Some famous songs and quyi works will also be studied to
help students appreciate and acquire the modern spirit of Chinese literature. At least three works
by prominent and world acclaimed writers will be studied.
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CHIN 413 Advanced Newspaper Chinese I
This course will further help students to develop their skills of reading Chinese newspapers by
moving beyond the special linguistic characteristics to their application to thematic areas. At the
end of this course, students will be expected to acquire a skill in reading Chinese Newspapers.
They should be able to read a hundred (100) characters per minute.
CHIN 414 Advanced Newspaper Chinese II

This course proceeds from CHIN 413 and involves the reading, analysis and discussion of the
different linguistic aspects of Chinese newspaper styles and their application to specific themes at
a higher level. At the end of this course, students will be expected to have developed the skill of
reading Chinese newspapers at a speed of 150 characters per minute.
CHIN 415 Advanced Business Chinese I

The course involves the study in to details of topics learnt in level 300 such as establishing trade
relationships, buying and selling, pricing, modes of payment, delivery and shipment, packing,
insurance, customs and commodity inspection, contract signing, claim and arbiration and e-
business. The studentsshould be able to exhibit proficiency in the above topics.
CHIN 416 Advanced Business Chinese II

This course is designed to develop in students an enhanced ability to function in the Chinese
business environment and to further deepen their knowledge of Chinese business correspondents,
telecommunication, advertising, foreign trade, capital markets, bonds and stocks, property rights
and franchises. The students will also increase their vocabulary in different business fields.
CHIN 417 Classical Chinese I

Classical Chinese is the language of the bulk of the Chinese textual tradition from early historical
and philosophical writing down to the early 20 th century. The course introduces the basic
grammmatical structure and vocabulary of classical Chinese through the analysis of selected
passages from the classics.
CHIN 418 Classical Chinese II

In this course, students will be required to do additional readings of selected famous classical texts
in their original language such as Confucius’ Analects, Laozi, early histories and Tang poetry as
well as some selected pre modern texts, with focus on special grammatical features. This will help
students acquire additional knowledge of classical Chinese grammar and lexicon.
CHIN 420 Study Abroad

Study abroad is a two-semester 6-credit course in Chinese language, literature and culture to be
undertaken in a university in a Chinese speaking country. Students will return from the foreign
university with raw marks (over 100) which will be converted into grades according to University
of Ghana grading system.
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BA KISWAHILI
LEVEL 100 COURSES
First Semester
KISW 101 Introduction to Kiswahili Studies 2
KISW 103 Elementary Kiswahili Grammar I 2
Departments
Second Semester
KISW 102 Oral Communication Skills 2
KISW 104 Elementary Kiswahili Grammar II 2
Departments
LEVEL 200 COURSES

First Semester
KISW 201 Kiswahili Grammar and Translation I 3
KISW 203 Oral and Composition I 2
KISW 205 Swahili History and Civilization 2
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Second Semester
KISW 202 Kiswahili Grammar and Translation II 3
KISW 204 Oral and Composition II 2
KISW 206 Introduction to Kiswahili Literature 2
LEVEL 300 COURSES

First Semester
KISW 301 Intermediate Kiswahili Usage I 3
KISW 303 Comprehension and Oral Expression I 2
Electives
KISW 305 Language and Translation Skills 2
KISW 307 Special Topics I 2
KISW 309 Kiswahili Literature of the 17th-20th Century 2
KISW 310 Language Immersion I 3
KISW 311 Study of Kiswahili Songs 2
KISW 313 Study of Kiswahili Poetic Structures 2
KISW 315 Figures of Speech and Comprehension 2
KISW 317 Contemporary Politics in East Africa 2
KISW 319 The Swahili Media 2
Second Semester
KISW 302 Intermediate Kiswahili Usage II 3
KISW 304 Comprehension and Oral Expression II 2
Electives 2
KISW 306 Translation Exercises 2
KISW 308 Special Topics II 2
KISW 312 Kiswahili Oral Literature 2
KISW 314 Figures of Speech and Comprehension 2
KISW 316 Globalization and the Swahili Society 2
KISW 318 Cinema in Swahili Society 2
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LEVEL 400 COURSES
First Semester
KISW 401 Advanced Kiswahili Proficiency I 3
KISW 403 Oral for Academic and Professional Purposes 2
Electives 2
KISW 400 Long Essay 6
KISW 405 Advanced Translation Skills I 2
KISW 407 Selected Topics I 2
KISW 409 Gender in Kiswahili Literary Writings 2
KISW 410 Language Immersion II 3
KISW 411 History of Kiswahili Language Institutions 2
KISW 413 Modern Kiswahili Drama 2
KISW 415 Essay Writing and Comprehension 2
KISW 417 Tourism in Swahili Society 2
KISW 419 Popular Culture in Swahili Society 2
Second Semester
KISW 402 Advanced Kiswahili Proficiency II 3
KISW 404 Advanced Oral Expression 2
Electives
KISW 406 Advanced Translation Skills II 2
KISW 408 Selected Topics II 2
KISW 412 Kiswahili Poetry of the 17th – 20th Century 2
KISW 414 Contemporary Kiswahili Literature 2
KISW 416 Nationalism and Identity of the Swahili 2
People
KISW 418 Kiswahili in the Diaspora 2
KISW 420 Study Abroad 6
KISW 422 Teaching of Kiswahili as a Foreign 2
Language
COURSE DESCRIPTIONS
KISW 101 Introduction to Kiswahili Studies I

The course focuses on basic language skills: speaking, reading, writing and listening. It will
involve conversation drills, picture reading and listening comprehension with emphasis on oral
practice and pronunciation. There will be practical exercises aimed at building students’
vocabulary and ability to make simple conversation. The course will also introduce students to the
historical background of the Swahili language, its origin, culture and the people of the Swahili
coast of East Africa.
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KISW 102 Oral Communication Skills
This course will focus on strengthening the students’ oral skills to allow them to form simple
expressions and to understand expressions made by others. It will emphasize oral and aural
comprehension while it builds upon the basic communicative skills acquired in the first semester.
These skills will be extended to cover other domains of interaction that involve acquaintances such
colleagues, friends, people of different generations, and other conversations in a formal setting.
The course will also introduce students to the literary history of the Kiswahili people.
KISW 103 Elementary Kiswahili Grammar I

In this course students are introduced to basic Kiswahili grammar. Topics to be covered include:
characteristics that are unique to the language such as the orthography, stress, agglutination, and
the noun class system. To be introduced at this point is basic grammatical structure of the
language that covers such areas as the basic tenses: Present, past, future, perfect and habitual
including both the positive and negative forms. Other topics to be covered here are the use of
possessive roots and the agreement system in the Kiswahili sentence.
KISW 104 Elementary Kiswahili Grammar II

This course is a continuation of KISW 103 Elementary Kiswahili Grammar which covers the basic
structure of the Kiswahili sentences. Therefore, the course will first reinforce those skills acquired
in KISW 103 and then introduce additional elements of the basic sentence structure which include
adjectives, other noun classes and the use of basic prepositions associated with negation, locative
suffix -ni and the use of the adverb katika. Emphasis will be on students’ skill strengthening to
ensure that they build strong speaking and writing abilities.
KISW 201 Kiswahili Grammar and Translation I

This course introduces critical linguistics aspects of the language particularly areas of morphology
and syntax to give students a deeper understanding of the unique aspects of Kiswahili grammar.
Areas of interest include the locative noun classes, the concept of location in time and place
various aspects of inflectional morphology and morpho-syntax. Skill strengthening will also be
emphasized as we introduce basic principles of translation. Students at this level are required to
have at least a year of Kiswahili in order for them to manage and appreciate the different aspects
of Kiswahili grammar and to develop good translation skills.
KISW 202 Kiswahili Grammar and Translation II

This course is the continuation of 201. The objectives include strengthening those aspects of
Kiswahili grammar already covered and to focus on new topics concerning derivational
morphology such as nominal and verbal derivations, verb extensions including expressions of
mood and other critical aspects of Kiswahili grammar that are associated with noun and verb
formations. Emphasis will be placed on improving students’ basic skills in translation. At this
stage students should be able to translate simple Kiswahili texts and documents with particular
attention to basic Kiswahili grammatical aspects learnt in class.
KISW 203 Oral and Composition I

The main focus of this course is oral and writing proficiencies. Thus students will be required to
sharpen their tools to achieve high proficiency in oral expression and writing both short and long
composition pieces. Short writing exercises will include summary exercises that are drawn from
different kinds of simple written documents. The course is designed to prepare students to be able
to employ a variety of vocabulary in order to enhance their creative abilities. At the end of the
course, students should be able to undertake essay writing exercises on a variety of simple topics.
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KISW 204 Oral and Composition II
This course is a continuation and strengthening of aspects learnt in SWAH 203. It is designed to
help students improve their writing and oral comprehension skills and build their confidence, by
engaging them in more complex oral and writing exercises. There will be more emphasis on oral
communication skills through targeted exercises, individual and group projects. Students will be
given short and long passages for reading –comprehension and writing assignments that target
graduated skills in creative writing. At the end of this course, students would have improved their
first semester skills to enable them to communicate in everyday contexts of situation.
KISW 205 Swahili History and Civilization

The course constitutes a general survey of the history of the Kiswahili people and their culture.
Specifically, it will trace the impact of foreign colonization especially that of Arabia and Europe
on the culture and lifestyle of the Swahili people from the past to the present. The focus will be on
specific aspects of the Kiswahili language, its history, and association with the politics of change
in the region, its expansion, civilization, and the different cultures that constitute the social fabric
of the Swahili people.
KISW 206 Introduction to Kiswahili Literature

Having been introduced to the literary history of the Swahili people in KISW 102, this course
offers students a brief treatment of each of the three components of Kiswahili literature, namely;
poetry, drama and prose. It will also discuss introductory topics in traditional and contemporary
literature of the people as well as some aspects of Kiswahili literary device. Students will be
required to read and analyse selected pieces of literary writings in the original language and in
translation.
KISW 301 Intermediate Kiswahili Usage I

The course will discuss more advanced aspects of inflectional morphology including the
conditional tenses NGE and NGALI. Other topics that will be discussed include: Dimunitive –ki-,
augmentative, comparative (kuliko, kushinda), emphatics, “o” of reference, and irregular
adjectives (-ote, -o-ote, -ingi, -ingine, -enye, -enyewe). This course will consolidate, expand,
and deepen the understanding of lexical items and sentence patterns.
KISW 302 Intermediate Kiswahili Usage II

This course is a continuation of KISW 301. It introduces students to complex aspects of Kiswahili
syntax with particular focus on grammatical structures. The course will look at new sentence
structures in Kiswahili with the aim of enhancing students’ understanding of tense structure,
inflectional morphology and syntax. Besides introducing more vocabulary and grammar, this
course concentrates on complex sentences and paragraphs not emphasized in earlier levels.
KISW 303 Comprehension and Oral Expression I

The focus of this course is effective reading and understanding of texts as well as fluency of
speech. Texts covering various topics will be provided for students to discuss and comment on.
These texts are geared towards helping students to acquire an understanding of a wide range of
styles and topics. It reinforces and expands vocabulary, grammar and language structures, leading
to a deeper comprehension of style and usage. It will also focus on language skills (speaking and
writing) and performing more complex tasks such as comparing, narrating, describing, reasoning,
and discussing topics beyond the immediate environment.
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KISW 304 Comprehension and Oral Expression II
This course is a continuation of KISW 303. It will focus on building fluency which at this level is
important. Students are expected to enhance their reading and comprension skills by presenting
papers on selected topics on Kiswahili culture. It will expand vocabulary, language structures and
communicative skills to enable students to achieve solid proficiency. It will develop students'
ability to respond orally and in writing to texts and audio- visual material such as films, television
clips, and news.
KISW 305 Translation Skills

This course will focus on advance translation skills using of texts covering aspects of social,
political and cultural events and other printed media such as stories from newspapers. At the end
of the course the students will be equipped with the necessary skills to translate complex
Kiswahili-based texts into English as well as from English into Kiswahili.
KISW 306 Translation Exercises

This course will focus primarily on targeted translation skills that will eventually equip students
with a superior working knowledge of translation and strategies of handling complex texts from a
variety of sources. Some aspects of interpretation will also be introduced to enable students to
distinguish between “interpretation” and “translation”. Advanced texts include historical sources,
texts of social and cultural issues, and political literature. At the end of the course, students should
be able to apply the acquired translation techniques and skills in advanced translation work.
KISW 307 Special Topics I

A course reserved for a non-programmed and non-designed course in topics of interest on cultural,
political, historical and current issues of Kiswahili people that may need to be taught with the
availability of a new/visiting member of staff but is not catered in the syllabus.
KISW 308 Special Topics II

A course reserved for an non-programmed and non-designed course in topics of interest on
cultural, political, historical and current issues of Kiswahili people that may need to be taught with
the availability of a new/visiting member of staff but is not catered in the syllabus.
KISW 309 Kiswahili Literature of the 17th-20th Century

This course constitutes the study of the origin and development of Kiswahili Literature and the
discussion of Swahili literature of the period with specific reference to some classic literary texts
that mark the various periods. Discussions relating to East African themes based on readings from
traditional literature such as folk, proverbs, modern novel and drama.
KISW 310 Language Immersion I

This is a specially packaged intensive study undertaken in an East African university or locally
during the long-vacation after Level 200. There shall be courses specifically tailored to boost and
enhance students’ oral communicative abilities, vocabulary expansion, and the development of
better root-pattern identification skills. The course will also help them learn specific cultural
practices that are akin to the East African countries.
KISW 311 Study of Kiswahili Songs

This course will focus on the study of Swahili songs. It will cover traditional songs (sang at
specific occasions such as marriage, puberty, etc.), Taarab and modern Swahili songs such as
Bongo Flava (Tanzania) and Zilizopendwa (Kenya). It will look at some literary strategies that are
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used in songs. It will also look at comparative literary devices that are used in the traditional and
contemporary Bongo Flavas.
KISW 312 Kiswahili Oral Literature

This course is intended to orient student to the value of orallity and the contribution of oral
literature to world literature. The course will focus on the features of African oral art with
reference to theme, language and performance. It will also cover Kiswahili folktales, proverbs,
traditional songs and oral poetry. The course will be designed to help students appreciate
Kiswahili folktales and to determine how the shape of Kiswahili literary work contributes to its
meaning.
KISW 313 Study of Kiswahili Poetic Structures

A study of the different Swahili poetic structures such as Utendi, Ukawafi, Kisambe, Gungu. The
course will also study and discuss the strict prosodic form of poetry in Swahili and the new free
form. It will help students appreciate the old and new forms of Kiswahili poetic structures and
their implications on modern poetry.
KISW 314 The Swahili Media

This course will introduce students to the history and development of the Swahili media. It is also
designed to improve students’ proficiency through the study of the use of the language in the print,
audio and audio/visual media such as the press, radio, television and ICT. A brief history of the
East African Press will be covered to enhance students’ understanding of the interface of
knowledge and language for example. Special attention will be given to how the press utilizes
linguistic, political and socio-cultural features.
KISW 315 Figures of Speech and Comprehension I

This course is designed to develop students’ writing and communication skills through intensive
writing of essays covering a variety of topics and genres such letter writing, discussions of social,
cultural and political issues. Reading for comprehension will also be emphasized covering texts on
variety of topics. Included is usage of figures of speech such as idioms, sayings, and proverbs.
KISW 316 Figures of Speech and Comprehension II

This course is an expansion of KISW 315. It extends the students’ ability to explore further
different types of texts to understand the discourse structure and role of different types of figures
of speech in communication. The course will also instil in the students an appreciation of these
structures and roles in texts that are identified as similes, metaphors, euphemisms, pun, litotes etc.
Students will explore the functions and environments where these figures of speech can be used in
texts.
KISW 317 Globalization and the Swahili Society

This course is designed to guide students through the different stages of Kiswahili development,
its expansion and potential place in globalized languages. The course will also enlighten students
on the various gains and losses as globalization impacts the language and society that uses it. The
course will explore the challenges Kiswahili faces in this competition. The course will also look at
the specific influence of globalization on the culture of the Swahili people through films and
songs, social as well as other forms of media.
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KISW 318 Contemporary Politics in East Africa
This course will explore a variety of literature that examines the evolution of contemporary
politics in East Africa. Students will analyze the contemporary political trends in East Africa focus
on post-colonial political issues such as one party versus multiparty system, constitutional rule, the
formation of the East African Community and its different stages of development. The course will
also explore the critical role of the media in the various stages of political evolution.
KISW 319 Cinema in Swahili Society

This course will introduce students to Kiswahili culture through films for analysis. It will
introduce students to the key skills needed in the close textual and historical analysis of film
production in East Africa. Also, students will be provided with a glossary of key terms relating to
the language of cinema, and will apply these terms in the close textual analysis of several recent
Kiswahili films. Students will appreciate the importance of the historical and cultural contexts of
film and its production in East Africa.
KISW 400 Long Essay

This is a research paper which offers students the opportunity for independent research with the
expectation that the student submits a written paper of not less than 15,000 words on a topic of the
student’s choice. The research and ultimately the written report will be supervised by a lecturer.
The credit will be in partial fulfillment of the undergraduate program. Enrollment and eventual
fulfillment of the course requirements will need departmental approval and a completed project
whose results are presented in an essay of the required length (i.e.15, 000 words).

This is a required course for students in the Department of Modern Languages who have not
taken a Research Methods course in another Department.
KISW 401 Advanced Kiswahili Proficiency I

This course is designed to prepare students for the task of analyzing and critiquing theories and
concepts related to Kiswahili linguistics. The course will equip them with the necessary tools that
they need to be able to find solutions to preset linguistic problems from a variety of topical areas
in Kiswahili. Topics of interest include: the noun class system, language contact phenomena such
as borrowing and codeswitching. Students will also be introduced to textual analysis of the
Swahili sentence.
KISW 402 Advanced Kiswahili Proficiency II

This course is a continuation of SWAH 401, an extension of the preparation for students to
undertake the task of analyzing and critiquing theories and concepts related to Kiswahili
linguistics. The course will equip students with advanced tools that strengthen their analytical
abilities through a continuation of textual analysis of the clause and the phrase the discussion of
advanced linguistic concepts and phenomena such as syntax of inalienable possessions, and
transitivity and object relations. At the end of the course, students' proficiency is expected to hit
the desired advanced level in different areas of the grammar.
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KISW 403 Oral for Academic and Professional Purposes
This is an advanced course in the development of Kiswahili oral proficiency. It will focus on a
variety of Kiswahili registers and vocabulary associated with language in the fields of business,
commerce, medicine, economics, and politics. Cumulatively, these fields will provide extensive
learning material that is critical in the consolidation of student proficiency in Kiswahili.
KISW 404 Advanced Oral Expression

This course is a continuation of SWAH 403. It will advance the already acquired skills to deal
with a variety of Kiswahili registers and vocabulary associated with complex structures in the
language. Topics to be discussed will include education, culture, current affairs and globalization,
inter and intra-trade, and other specialized topics as deemed necessary.
KISW 405 Advanced Translation Skills I

This is course covers translation of complex texts with advanced language structures on aspects of
social, political and cultural events. Translation exercises will require students to be able to
translate from English to Kiswahili and vice versa. Students will be required to exhibit the already
acquired knowledge and skill in translation techniques.
KISW 406 Advanced Translation Skills II

This course is a continuation of KISW 405. It will involve the translation of specialized texts from
English into Kiswahili and from Kiswahili into English. Students will be required to exhibit their
knowledge and skill in translation techniques. Intense concentration of the Kiswahili language
through oral and written work will focus on fundamentals of communication.
KISW 407 Selected Topics I

Ths course is reserved for a variety of themes selected by the instructor to meet the needs of a non-
programmed and non-designed course. Topics of interest may include culture, politics, history and
other current issues, The course will be offered based on the availability of a new/visiting member
of staff or as seen fit by the department.
KISW 408 Selected Topics II

Ths course is reserved for a variety of themes selected by the instructor to meet the needs of a non-
programmed and non-designed course. Topics of interest may include culture, politics, history and
other current issues, The course will be offered based on the availability of a new/visiting member
of staff or as seen fit by the department.
KISW 409 Gender in Kiswahili Literary Writings

The course will study the various manifestations of gender in Swahili Literary Works. It will
explore the similarities and or differences between female and male ways of handling Swahili
writings. Of interest also is the Swahili writers’ project on gender in their writings in relation to
the social differences and power relations. This course will look at works of both and female
writers, exploring the challenges that confront them due to their social and literary conventions
and the overall development of voice through major literary movements of the twentieth century
and beyond.
KISW 410 Language Immersion II

This course builds on the students’ L300 whose objective is to develop competence in reading,
writing, oral skills, and intercultural competence. The expectation is that the course will be
offered during the long recess from academic teaching and learning and will be a specially
packaged intensive study at a university in one of the East African countries. In lieu of that,
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students have an option of undertaking a five- credit language immersion course at the University
of Ghana during the said period at Levels 300 and 400.
KISW 411 History of Kiswahili Language Institutions

This course focuses on the history and emergence of Kiswahili language institutions. It discusses
factors that led to the establishment of Language agencies such TUKI, BAKITA, UKUTA etc in
East Africa. Emphasis will be given to the role of the Institute of Kiswahili Research (IKR) now
Institute of Kiswahili Studies (IKS) in the evolution of Kiswahili lexicons.
KISW 412 Kiswahili Poetry of the 17th – 20th Century

The course introduce students to different types of Kiswahili Poetry during the period of the 17 th –
20th century as well as advance literary appreciation of Kiswahili poems especially the Utenzi
(Epic poem). The course is designed to introduce students to the theories of Kiswahili Poetry
composition as well as to provide a platform for students to do more advanced work in literary
appreciation of Kiswahili poems, especially the Utenzi.
KISW 413 Modern Kiswahili Drama

An introduction to a more advanced knowledge and skills in literary appreciation of selected
Swahili Dramatic works. The course is designed to orient students towards a more advanced
outlook on literary appreciation of the principles of Swahili Drama, its composition, production
and performance. Students bring to this course the acquired advanced knowledge in literary
appreciation of Swahili Dramatic works. Emphasis on thematic concerns and character
development as well as dramatic texts from the early modern period will be studied in relation to
the history and society of East Africa.
KISW 414 Contemporary Kiswahili Literature

This course involves the study of contemporary Swahili Poetry, Prose and Drama. The course will
examine and discuss various aspects such as theme and styles exhibited in the work of various
writers such as Shaaban Robert, Ibrahim Hussein, Peninah Muhando, M.S. Abdalla and Euphrase
Kezilahabi. It will also include the study of the 20th-century novel and its development from the
1930s to the present through a representative number of authors. While special attention will be
paid to the individual works in the last half century, individual works will be analyzed for their
value as the expression of social and historical reality.
KISW 415 Essay Writing and Comprehension

This course covers critical training that will promote capacities in various areas of the language.
The course deals with the key elements of reading, listening, thinking, speaking, creative writing
and freelance writing. The focus of the course is on developing students’ ability to read and
competently comprehend various texts that exhibit literary styles and forms as proverbs and
riddles to enable them to think, reflect and compose as a way of expanding and perfecting their
verbal and writing styles.
KISW 416 Nationalism and Identity of the Swahili People

The course looks at the characteristics of a national language, nationalism and the question of
identity of the Swahili people. To give justice to the question of identity, the course will review
the origins of Kiswahili, who is a Swahili person and what it the relationship between their
language, Kiswahili, and their culture, the Swahili culture. The course will also discuss how the
coastal people of East Africa identify themselves with the language including the problems
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associated with Swahili identity against the background of colonial administrations. The role of
Kiswahili in identity construction and its contribution to the development of the Swahili States.
KISW 417 Tourism in Swahili Society

This course is designed to give students an insight into the immense impact of tourism on facets of
the Swahili society and by implication their language Kiswahili. Specifically it will examine the
dual role of tourism on the one hand as a tool for development in the socio-economic, cultural and
linguistic life and on the other hand the social-cultural influences that can threaten the
development of Kiswahili as a national, regional or international language in the post-colonial era.
KISW 418 Kiswahili in the Diaspora

A course designed to acquaint students with the spread of Kiswahili across its original boundaries,
the Coastal States of East Africa to world outside and far from the Swahili speaking region. The
historical background of the spread will bring to light how Kiswahili gained its place in the world
of Academia particularly in the three continents, namely Europe, America, and Asia. Needless to
say, the course will also explore how Kiswahili fairs on the African continent in comparison to the
other three continents.
KISW 419 Popular Culture in Swahili Society

The course is designed to provide exposure to the origins and evolution of the Swahili culture and
the social life of the Swahili people. Special attention will be given to the popular culture
categories such as fashion, music, and football among both the the youth and the older generation.
It also provides a fresh view of the African popular culture through the lens of contemporary
literature, film, television, music, dance, and the visual arts. Students will explore the topic area(s)
in depth using a variety of rhetorical theories and methods.
KISW 420 Study Abroad

This is a two-semester six-credit course in the Swahili language, literature and culture to be
undertaken at a university in East Africa after level a student has successfully completed L300.
Students are required to study abroad for one academic year under exchange agreements supported
by the host and receiving Universities. Credit for specific courses will be evaluated following
receipt of a transcript of academic results and supporting course documentation. The approved
study agreement will be recorded on the student's UG academic record.
KISW 422 Teaching of Kiswahili as a Foreign Language

The course discusses various theories and methods of language teaching (traditional method,
direct method, communicative approach etc.). Furthermore, special attention is given to the new
methods and the use of new technologies. The course will also concentrate on applied researches
on Swahili language teaching and error analyses. Students will also be trained to teach other
learners to become competent speakers of the language.
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BA RUSSIAN
LEVEL 100 COURSES

All courses at level 100 are compulsory for all students.
First Semester
RUSS 101 Introduction to Russian Studies 2
RUSS 103 Elementary Russian Grammar I 2
OTHER SUBJECTS 2 Courses from 2 other assigned Departments
Second Semester
RUSS102 Oral Communication Skills 2
RUSS 104 Elementary Russian Grammar II 2
OTHER SUBJECTS 2 Courses from 2 other assigned Departments
LEVEL 200 COURSES

All courses at level 200 are compulsory for all students.
First Semester
*RUSS 201 Russian Grammar and Translation I 3
*RUSS 203 Oral and Composition I 2
*RUSS 205 Russian History and Civilization 2
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Second Semester
*RUSS 202 Russian Grammar and Translation II 3
*RUSS 204 Orals and Composition II 2
*RUSS 206 Introduction to Russian Literature 2
LEVEL 300 COURSES

MAJOR: At least 24 credits by the end of the year (including all core courses)
MINOR: At least 10 credits by the end of the year
First Semester
RUSS 301 Intermediate Russian Usage I 3
RUSS 303 Comprehension and Oral Expression I 2
Electives
RUSS 305 Language and Translation Skills I 2
RUSS 307 Special Topics I 2
RUSS 309 Introduction to Contemporary Russian Women Writers 2
RUSS 310 Language Immersion I 3
RUSS 311 Aspects of Russian Romantic Literature 2
RUSS 313 Russian Drama 2
RUSS 315 Introduction to Modern Russian Lexicology 2
RUSS 317 Introduction to Modern Russian Morphology 2
RUSS 321 Introduction to Modern Russian Syntax 2
RUSS 323 Contemporary Russia: Politics and Society and the new 2
World Order
RUSS 325 Linguistic Study of Russian Songs 2
Second Semester
RUSS 302 Intermediate Russian Usage II 3
RUSS 304 Comprehension to Oral Expression II 2
Electives 2
*RUSS 306 Translation Exercises 2
#RUSS 308 Special Topics II 2
RUSS 312 Introduction to 19th Century Russian Realism 2
RUSS 314 Aspects of Modern Russian Literature 2
*RUSS 316 Aspects of Modern Russian Lexicology 2
*RUSS 318 Aspects of Modern Russian Morphology 2
*RUSS 322 Aspects of Modern Russian Syntax 2
RUSS 324 Russian Cinema 2
RUSS 326 Russian Press 2
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LEVEL 400 COURSES
MAJOR: At least 36 credits by the end of the year including all core courses and the long essay.
First Semester
Course Codes and Titles Credits
RUSS 401 Advanced Russian Proficiency I 3
RUSS 403 Oral for Academic and Professional 2
Purposes I
Electives
RUSS 400 Long Essay 6
RUSS 405 Advanced Translation Skills 2
RUSS 407 Selected Topics I 2
RUSS 409 The Russian Realist Novel 2
RUSS 410 Language Immersion II 3
RUSS 411 Russian/Soviet Literature of the 20th Century 2
(Special Author)
RUSS 413 Russian Prose since the Thaw 2
RUSS 415 Introduction to Russian Semantics 2
RUSS 417 Introduction to Russian Stylistics 2
RUSS 421 Foreign Policy in the Soviet Era 2
RUSS 423 Russian Women as Peace Maker 2
RUSS 425 Business Russian 2
Second Semester
RUSS 402 Advanced Russian Proficiency II 3
RUSS 404 Advanced Oral Expression 2
Electives
RUSS 406 Advanced Translation Skills 2
RUSS 408 Selected Topics II 2
RUSS 412 Aspects of 20th Century Russian Literature 2
RUSS 414 Russian Literature in Emigration 2
RUSS 416 Aspects of Modern Russian Semantic 2
RUSS 418 Aspects of Modern Russian Stylistics 2
RUSS 420 Study Abroad 6
RUSS 422 Contemporary Russian Foreign Policy 2
RUSS 424 Linguistic Study of Contemporary Russian 2
Culture
RUSS 426 Advanced Business Russian 2
RUSS 428 Teaching of Russian as a Foreign Language 2
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COURSE DESCRIPTIONS
RUSS 101 Introduction to Russian Studies

This course is designed to introduce students to the basic fundamentals of the Russian language.
Thus, it will focus on teaching students how to accurately pronounce all the Russian sound as they
appear in different constructions, on the word stress and the intonations of Russian sentences as
well as sharpening the skills of students in basic reading and comprehensions. There will be
practical exercises on spoken Russian in class that aim at building the student’s vocabulary and
ability to make simple conversation on selected topics. In this course, students will also be given
some basic insights into the dynamics of the Russian society in historical, political and economic
transition.
RUSS 102 Oral Communication Skills

This course in oral expression and comprehension will build upon the basic communicative skills
acquired in the first semester and will extend it to other domains of interaction. Students will
make use of the study of elementary Russian grammar reading simple texts. Some lectures will
involve the use of interactive programmes to aid in pronunciation, listening and comprehension of
the language in its original lingo-cultural settings.
RUSS 103 Elementary Russian Grammar I

This course is meant to introduce students to basic Russian for beginners who have no knowledge
in Russian language. As such the course will focus on teaching students how to read and write the
Russian alphabets as well as introducing them to some basic Russian grammar, such as gender of
Russian nouns and adjectives, plural forms of nouns, present and past tense of Russian verbs. The
material taught in this course will support the course in basic oral communication.
RUSS 104 Elementary Russian Grammar II

This course is a continuation of RUSS 103 Elementary Russian Grammar I, therefore it gives
additional information about the Russian grammar. At the end of the course students will be
introduced to the most basic Russian grammar, such as cases of Russian nouns, conjugation of
verbs, some peculiarities of Russian adverbs and adjectives, numerals etc.
RUSS 201 Russian Grammar and Translation I

This course covers areas of morphology and syntax intended to give students a deeper
understanding of Russian grammar. The course will deal with the more complicated cases of
Russian nouns and adjectives as well as other already introduced Russian grammar. This course
will also focus on building students’ skills in basic translation.
RUSS 202 Russian Grammar and Translation II

This course is the continuation of RUSS 201, therefore it will involve the further study of the
structure of Russian grammar. Emphasis will again be placed on building students’ skills in
translation using the sources of Russian vocabulary and grammatical material. Student will
translate selected texts from and into Russian.
RUSS 203 Orals and Composition I

This course aims at consolidating oral and written expressions in Russian: in addition to oral
expression, students will learn how to write, understand and summarize different kinds of simple
written documents. It is designed to enable students to use a variety of vocabulary to enhance their
creative abilities. This course will be supported by the grammar taught in RUSS 201.
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RUSS 204 Orals and Composition II
This course is a continuation of RUSS 203. The course aims at cultivating intermediate oral skills
of the student and will involve expanded conversation on a variety of topics of every day life. It is
also designed to help students to improve their writing skills and build their confidence, by
engaging them in more complex writing exercises.
RUSS 205 Russian History and Civilization

This course traces the major landmarks of Russian history from the Kievan Russ period to the
Great October Socialist Revolution. It introduces the main achievements and problems of the
Soviet era, as well as the Post-Perestroyka Russia. It also deals with the major political
developments that defined the character of Russia at the end of the 20 th and beginning of 21st
century.
RUSS 206 Introduction to Russian Literature

The course offers a brief treatment of Russian literature and deals with the origins of the Russian
literary heritage. The focus of this course will be on the development of literary Russian from its
beginning to the end of the 18th Century, capturing the major debates and activism. Students will
also be introduced to folk tales, the Byliny, Dukhovniye stikhi and other religious literature in
English translations.
RUSS 301 Intermediate Russian Usage I

The course will discuss on more advanced aspects of different topics in Russian grammar.
Students will be exposed to the right usage of tenses, aspects and their applications, different kind
of pronouns etc. in grammatical and textual analysis. Errors commonly made by Ghanaian
students, will be identified and solutions will be discussed.
RUSS 302 Intermediate Russian Usage II

This course is a continuation of RUSS 301, and therefore it focuses on some more topics in
Russian grammar, such as verbs of motion with and without prepositions, the imperative of
Russian verbs, declension of nouns, names, adjectives and ordinal and cardinal numerals; relation
between prepositions and prefixes, and others.
RUSS 303 Comprehension and Oral Expression I

The course is designed to focus on enhancing students’ comprehension as well as their general
written production, vocabulary and structural drills through texts analysis. The texts will be given
first as assignment and later be discussed together in class. These texts are geared towards helping
students to acquire an understanding of a wide range of styles and topics.
RUSS 304 Comprehension to Oral Expression II

The focus of this course is on effective reading and understanding of texts, as well as
fluency of speech. Selected Russian literary texts covering various topics will be
provided for students to discuss and comment on. As in the first semester, students should
familiarize themselves with the text before class.
RUSS 305 Language and Translation Skills I

This course involves an in-depth review of grammar topics that learnt in RUSS 201 and RUSS
202 - Russian Grammar and Translation I-II. It will include the translation of journalistic and
literary texts covering aspects of social, political and cultural events from and into Russian. The
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aim is to develop in students translation skills and consolidate the command of basic grammatical
structures.
RUSS 306 Translation Exercises

This course is a continuation of RUSS 305, and therefore it is intended to further improve
students’ language proficiency and translation skills. This will be done through the translation of
selected Russian and English texts mainly from journalism and literature. Journalistic texts
selected for translation will reflect relevant contemporary issues.
RUSS 307 Selected Topics I

This course is to provide the opportunity for the study of some topical issues not provided for in
this syllabus. Such topics could be of academic and practical interests not only of the local staff
but the visiting scholars of the University and benefit to students of Russian studies. Emphasis will
be placed on contemporary issues of international significance.
RUSS 308 Selected Topics II

This course may be a continuation of RUSS 307, and therefore it may focus on the topic which
was treated in the first semester. However, in some cases it may be a new topic, which gives
another great opportunity to academics and students of Russian studies to benefit from its
introduction.
RUSS 309 Introduction to Contemporary Russian Women Writers

This will begin with a general appreciation of the contribution of Russian women writers to the
Russian literary culture. Special emphasis will subsequently be placed on current trends in female
writing beginning from the period of Perestroika to present-day Russia. Selected texts of the
leading female writers will be analysed.
RUSS 310 Language Immersion I

This three-credit language immersion course at the University of Ghana during the long vacation
between Levels 200 and 300 is a specially packaged 6-7 weeks long intensive study of Russian
language. Students who want to improve their proficiency in the language are advised to take this
course. It is important to note that, the admission to this course is not free. RUSS 310 will be
credited to students during the level 300 courses.
RUSS 311 Aspects of Russian Romantic Literature

In this course students will be introduced to some outstanding texts of the Romantic period in
Russian literature. The course aims both to develop students’ ability to read and appreciate literary
texts and to equip them for further exploration of early nineteenth century literature in later related
courses. Works of the following authors will be covered: Pushkin, Gogol and Lermontov.
RUSS 312 Introduction to 19th Century Russian Realism

This course is designed as an introduction to key authors and representatives of the literary
techniques of the great Realist period in Russian literature of the mid-nineteenth century. The
study of some selected stories by Gogol, Pushkin and Chekhov, should provide students with
insights into the possibilities for variety within the context of Realist prose.
RUSS 313 Russian Drama

This course involves the literary appreciation and analysis of Russian drama. This will be
preceded by a survey of the history and development of this aspect of Russian literature through
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the work of some selected authors. Special focus will be placed on such playwrights as Alexander
Griboedov, Alexander Ostrovsky, Nikolai Gogol and Anton Chekhov.
RUSS 314 Aspects of Modern Russian Literature

This course deals with the study of modern trends in the Russian literary development through the
study of some selected writers. This will take into special consideration the emerging trends in the
Russian literary culture following the demise of the Soviet Union. Special attention may be made
on some contemporary Russian writers.
RUSS 315 Introduction to Modern Russian Lexicology (Prerequisite for RUSS 316)
This course, a prerequisite for RUSS 316, involves the study of the lexicological structure of
Modern Russian. Special emphasis will be placed on such devices as derivation, polysemy and its
types (metaphor, metonymy and synecdoche), synonymy, antonymy and homonymy. The course
is designed to sharpen students’ general comprehension, translation and communication skills.
RUSS 316 Aspects of Modern Russian Lexicology

This course follows from RUSS 315 and is designed to give students a deeper understanding of
Russian lexicology. The objective of the course is to facilitate students’ understanding of Russian
language in different areas, such as general comprehension, translation and communication skills.
This involves an in-depth study of Russian phraseology, borrowing, neologisms and terminology.
RUSS 317 Introduction to Modern Russian Morphology

This involves the study of current trends in modern Russian morphology. The course will
concentrate on the structure of Russian words, with particular reference to the Noun, the
Adjective, the Verb and the Adverb. The curse is designed to enhance students’ understanding of
the language especially in the area of comprehension and translation.
RUSS 318 Aspects of Modern Russian Morphology

Russian morphology. Areas to be covered include current trends in modern Russian morphology
with particular reference to the Noun, the Adjective, the Verb and the Adverb the Pronoun, the
Numeral, and impersonal predicative words.
RUSS 321 Introduction to Modern Russian Syntax

In this course special attention will be given to those problems of Russian syntax which generally
prove to be particularly difficult for non-native students of Russian. It will involve the study of
basic concept such as word combination, types of word combinations, syntactic agreement in word
combinations, parataxis, the components of sentence and their mood of expression
RUSS 322 Aspects of Modern Russian Syntax

Russian syntax. The course will involve the study of the structure of compound and complex
sentences and moods of their expression. Considering the inflective nature of the Russian
language, the course will appreciably enhance the students’ oral and comprehension skills.
RUSS 323 Contemporary Russia: Politics and Society and the new World Order
This course looks at the internal and external dynamics that are propelling Russia’s socio-political
development in the twenty-first century and the new Russian society which has emerged in the
post-Soviet era. It will also delve into aspects of Russia’s strivings to reassert itself in the
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emerging new global geo-political order and the impact this has on developing countries,
especially in Africa.
RUSS 324 Russian Cinema

In this course, students will be introduced to the major trends and themes of Russian cinema from
the close of the 20th century to the beginning of the 21 st century. Emphasis will be placed on the
role of cinema in the creation and consolidation of the Russian experience throughout the periods
under consideration. Students will be required to do independent viewing and appreciation of
Russian films outside the classroom setting.
RUSS 325 Linguistic Study of Russian Songs

This course will focus on the study of Russian songs. It is designed for those who would like to
learn Russian language and culture in an easier way. The Russian society will be presented
through different kind of songs such as traditional songs, bard songs, gypsy songs, children’s
songs, and modern Russian or popular songs.
RUSS 326 Russian Press

This course deals with the emergence of the pluralistic press in Russia. A brief history of the
Soviet press will be covered to enhance students’ understanding of the interface of knowledge and
language for example. Special attention will be given to the linguistic, political and socio-cultural
features of both the serious and tabloid press of modern-day Russia.

RUSS 400 Long Essay

Students will be required to write a dissertation in Russian of not less than 15,000 words to be
supervised by a faculty member. The dissertation should be an approved topic from literature,
language or current trends in Russian thought. Students, willing to do graduate course in Russian
are advised to take this course.
RUSS 401 Advanced Russian Proficiency I

This course involves a comprehensive study of Russian grammar on an advanced level,
emphasizing reading and writing skills. It will focus on the grammatical structures which foreign
students find difficult, for example the participle, the gerund and other passive construction, so
that they can attain a high level of language proficiency.
RUSS 402 Advanced Russian Proficiency II

This course follows from RUSS 401. It involves a more comprehensive study of Russian grammar
on an advanced level, emphasizing reading and writing skills on more complex topics. A
communicative approach involving discussions of essay topics, translation of official and business
letters etc. will be adopted to enhance proficiency of the expected level.
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RUSS 403 Oral for Academic and Professional Purposes I
This course in designed to develop advanced conversational skills in a variety of
situations and subjects. It prepares students to attain oral proficiency in which students
should exhibit real competence in reading, comprehension and self-expression. Students
would be expected to do out of class reading of selected texts and/or viewing of selected
films.
RUSS 404 Advanced Oral Expressions

This course follows from RUSS 403. It is designed to improve students’ communicative
skills that are required to understand details and main ideas of advanced spoken and
written texts in contemporary standard Russian. Students would be expected to do out of
class reading of selected texts and/or viewing of selected films.
RUSS 405 Advanced Translation Skills I

This course is designed to further consolidate translation skills, acquired earlier. At this stage, for
translation all kind of Russian and English texts from varied thematic areas will be selected. These
will include, but not limited to texts that reflect typical Russian and Ghanaian settings of the past
and present days.
RUSS 406 Advanced Translation Skills II

This course follows RUSS 405 and as such it is designed to improve students’ translation
skills to a higher level. At this stage more complex texts from a variety of sources will be
used. Students will be expected to handle cultural nuances, non-translatable linguistic
units and also attempt the translation of simple technical, scientific and legal documents.
RUSS 407 Selected Topics I

This course is to provide the opportunity for the study of some topical issues not provided for in
this syllabus in an advanced level. Such topics could be of academic and practical interests not
only of the local staff but the visiting scholars of the University and benefit to students of Russian
studies. Emphasis will be placed on contemporary issues of international significance.
RUSS 408 Selected Topics II

This course may be a continuation of RUSS 407, and therefore it may focus on the topic which
was treated in the first semester. However, in some cases it may be a new topic, which gives
another great opportunity to academics and students of Russian studies to benefit from its
introduction.
RUSS 409 The Russian Realist Novel

The Russian realist novel is the most widely appreciated contributors to the Russian literature to
the common culture of Europe and the Western world. Yet it developed relatively late and
flourished for only a short period. The course is devoted to in-depth studies of selected works by
the three best-known Russian realist novelists of the mid-nineteenth century- Lev Tolstoy,
Turgenev and Dostoyevsky.
RUSS 410 Language Immersion II

This three-credit language immersion course at the University of Ghana during the long vacation
between Levels 300 and 400 is a specially packaged 6-7 week long intensive study of Russian
language. Students who want to improve their proficiency in the language are advised to take this
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course. It is important to note that admission into this course is not free. RUSS 410 will be
credited to students together with the other level 400 courses.
RUSS 411 Russian/Soviet Literature of the 20th Century (Special Author)

This course involves a detailed study of the life and work of a major Russian literary figure of the
Soviet period. Such author will not have previously featured in the syllabus. Two of the selected
author’s works which reflex his or her unique experiences as well as his or her literary
imaginations against the broader picture of Soviet reality shall be studied in detail.
RUSS 412 Aspects of 20th Century Russian Literature

This course involves a detailed study of some literary works to be selected from among the key
authors of the period: Mayakovsky, Blok, Gorky, Sholokhov, Nabokov, Solzhenitsyn, Beberova.
It will involve among other things the background study of the historical circumstances of each
selected work as well as its literary, stylistic and political significance.
RUSS 413 Russian Prose since the Thaw

This course will survey developments in Russian Literature since the death of Stalin, including the
Thaw of the 1950s and 1960s, as well as the effects of perestroika and glasnost under Gorbachev
in the 1980s. The emphasis will be on the rethinking of the role of literature in society in the
context of the relaxation of political control and censorship. Novels by Solzhenitsyn, Voinovich,
Rasputin and Grekova will be studied.
RUSS 414 Russian Literature in Emigration

This course involves the study of Russian émigré writing with a focus on selected works of
twentieth century authors. Special attention will be given to those authors who have received
worldwide recognition in this particular area of Russian literature. These will include such authors
as Nabokov, Bunin, Brodsky and Solzhenitsyn.
RUSS 415 Introduction to Russian Semantics

This course involves an introductory study of semantics as a branch of linguistics science with
particular reference to meaning, types of meaning, basic concepts in semantics such as sentence,
utterance, proportion and differences, the semantics of the word, and changes of meaning of the
word; meaning and its relationship with inner-speech form, as well as meaning and context
dependence, the relationship between semantics and Pragmatics. Special emphasis will be placed
on text analysis and study.
RUSS 416 Aspects of Modern Russian Semantic

This course involves the study of hyponymy, semantic shifts with particular reference to semantic
extension, semantic narrowing, semantic amelioration, semantic degeneration, semantic
intensification, semantic weakening, as well as basic semantic theories, such as semantic fields,
and lexical and semantic micro-systems in the language. The course is designed to provide
students with the opportunity to enhance their skills in comprehension and general language
application.
RUSS 417 Introduction to Russian Stylistics

This course is designed to deepen the student’s understanding of the differentiation of the Russian
language in the spheres of its application (formal, bookish, neutral, slang, terminology). It will
also involve an introduction to the basic concepts of functional styles of the Russian language in
their varied thematic areas. The focus will be on the practical aspect of improving students' writing
skills.
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RUSS 418 Aspects of Modern Russian Stylistics
The course is designed to further develop students' understanding of the grammatical and
lexical norms and peculiarities of the functional styles of modern Russian language.
Students will be taught to stylistically evaluate language variants and to classify language
mistakes as well as distinguish stylistic features of various texts through analysis.
Emphasis will be placed on further deepening the students’ writing skills.
RUSS 420 Study Abroad

This is a two-semester six-credit course in Russian language, literature and culture to be
undertaken in an institution in Russia. This will ordinarily be undertaken after Level 300. Only
students combining or majoring can take this course. RUSS 420 will be credited to students
together with the other level 400 courses.
RUSS 421 Foreign Policy in the Soviet Era

The course involves the study of Russian foreign policy as it evolved from the period immediately
after the Great October Socialist Revolution in 1917 up to the era of Perestroika and Glastnosty in
the 1980s. Special emphasis will be placed on the foreign policy of the then Soviet Union towards
Africa.
RUSS 422 Contemporary Russian Foreign Policy

This course will analyze the new paradigms that inform present-day Russian foreign policy
following the disintegration of the Soviet Union in the 1990s. It will focus specifically on the
legacy of the Cold War and the geopolitical underpinnings of Russian foreign policy. Special
emphasis will be placed on the new relationships between Russia and the countries of the African
continent.
RUSS 423 Russian Women as Peace Maker

This course will be a contrastive study of literature written by men and women, revealing their
differing experiences. Emphasis will be placed on those experiences derived from both the pre-
Perestroika and post-Perestroika periods. The course will examine the constructions of women as
“peacemakers” and also the relevance of the “peace” concept in Soviet literature in the first place.
RUSS 424 Linguistic Study of Contemporary Russian Culture

This course is designed to enable students to have a deeper understanding of the Russian language
from some specific cultural perspectives. This will be done by giving students the opportunity to
appreciate current trends in Russian national culture through the linguistic study of relevant
original Russian texts, films and folklore.
RUSS 425 Business Russian

This course aims to provide students with a basic understanding of the lexical and syntactic
properties of Business Russian. Students will also be taken through business letter-writing skills
and etiquette as well as the use of the Russian computer interface. Special attention will be made
on the differences of business languages used in Russia and Ghana.
RUSS 426 Advanced Business Russian

This course proceeds from RUSS 425, and it involves the further development of communicative
competence with a focus on the practical application of Russian business-specific literature. This
will be done mainly through the use of business documents and articles. It also involves the deeper
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study of advanced business communication relating to the writing of business contracts and
agreements in Russian.
RUSS 428 Teaching of Russian as a Foreign Language

This course is designed for students who have an interest in the teaching of foreign languages,
particularly Russian. It aims at giving students some knowledge in the various notions of teaching
methodology and practices. A historical review of all teaching methods and a detailed study of the
communicative approach will be part of the course.
BA SPANISH
LEVEL 100
Courses at Level 100 are compulsory.
First Semester
SPAN 101 Introduction to Spanish Studies 2
SPAN 103 Elementary Spanish Grammar I 2
Second Semester
SPAN 102 Oral Communication Skills 2
SPAN 104 Elementary Spanish Grammar II 2
Departments
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LEVEL 200
First Semester
SPAN 201 Spanish Grammar and Translation I 3
SPAN 203 Oral and Composition I 2
SPAN 205 Spanish History and Civilization 2
OTHER SUBJECTS 2 Courses from other assigned Departments 6
Second Semester
SPAN 202 Spanish Grammar and Translation II 3
SPAN 204 Oral and Composition II 2
SPAN 206 Introduction to Hispanic Literature 2
OTHER SUBJECTS 2 Courses from other assigned Departments 6
LEVEL 300
MAJOR: At least 24 credits by the end of the year including all core courses
COMBINED: At least 18 credits by the end of the year including all core courses
MINOR: At least 10 credits by the end of the year.
First Semester
SPAN 301 Intermediate Spanish Usage I 3
SPAN 303 Comprehension and Oral Expression 2
Electives
SPAN 305 Language and Translation Skills 2
SPAN 307 Special Topics 2
SPAN 309 Topics in Hispanic Popular Culture 2
SPAN 310 Language Immersion I 3
SPAN 311 Spanish Medieval Literature 2
SPAN 313 Latin American Studies I 2
SPAN 315 Spanish Peninsular Studies I 2
SPAN 317 Afro-Hispanic Studies 2
SPAN 319 Written Communication Skills 2
SPAN 321 Women in Hispanic Literature: Spain 2
SPAN 323 Introduction to Hispanic Cinema 2
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SPAN 325 Introduction to Spanish Morphology and Syntax 2
SPAN 327 Spanish Phonetics and Phonology 2
SPAN 331 Business Spanish I 2
Second Semester
SPAN 302 Intermediate Spanish Usage II 3
SPAN 304 Comprehension and Oral Expression II 2
Electives
SPAN 306 Translation Exercises 2
SPAN 308 Special Topics II 2
SPAN 312 Golden Age Literature 2
SPAN 314 Latin American Studies II 2
SPAN 316 Spanish Peninsular Studies II 2
SPAN 318 Caribbean Studies 2
SPAN 322 Women in Hispanic Literature: Latin America 2
SPAN 324 Hispanic Literatures and Film 2
SPAN 326 Spanish Semantics 2
SPAN 328 Discourse Analysis 2
SPAN 332 Business Spanish II 2
LEVEL 400 COURSES

MAJOR: At least 36 credits by the end of the year
First Semester
SPAN 401 Advanced Spanish Proficiency I 3
SPAN 403 Oral for Academic and Professional Purposes 2
Electives
SPAN 400 Long Essay/Creative Writing 6
SPAN 405 Advanced Translation Skills I 2
SPAN 407 Selected Topics I 2
SPAN 409 Theory of Literature 2
SPAN 410 Language Immersion II 3
SPAN 411 Survey of Latin American Literature: Prose 2
SPAN 413 Survey of Peninsular Literature I 2
SPAN 415 Studies in Hispanic Popular Culture 2
SPAN 417 Gender and Society 2
SPAN 419 Hispanic Cinema 2
SPAN 421 Hispanic Literatures of Exile and Emigration 2
SPAN 423 Sociolinguistics 2
SPAN 425 Pragmatics 2
SPAN 427 Teaching Spanish as a Foreign Language I 2
SPAN 431 Functional Spanish 2
SPAN 433 Advanced Writing Skills 2
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Second Semester
SPAN 402 Advanced Spanish Proficiency II 3
SPAN 404 Advanced Oral Expression 2
Electives
SPAN 406 Advanced Translation Skills I 2
SPAN 408 Selected Topics II 2
SPAN 412 Survey of Latin American Literature: Poetry 2
& Drama
SPAN 414 Survey of Peninsular Literature II 2
SPAN 418 Hispanic Women’s Writing 2
SPAN 420 Study Abroad 6
SPAN 422 Spain in the World Today 2
SPAN 424 Stylistics and Text Commentary 2
SPAN 426 Spanish Language Today 2
SPAN 428 Teaching Spanish as a Foreign Language II 2
SPAN 432 Professional Spanish: Commercial Spanish 2
COURSE DESCRIPTIONS
SPAN 101 Introduction to Spanish Studies

The aim of this course is to give students a practical introduction to the Spanish speaking world.
Students will acquire a panoramic view of the Spanish speaking people of Europe, Hispanic
America and Africa - their cultures, their mannerisms, and other dynamic aspects like variations in
expression and intonation. Visual aids, maps, paintings, pictures and other graphical materials will
be used to facilitate comprehension in this course.
SPAN 102 Oral Communication Skills

This course is designed to provide students with the necessary basic linguistic and extra linguistic
resources which will enable them to fulfil basic communicative needs when engaging in social
interactions. Students will be made to listen to, and orally reproduce the phonetic and
phonological patterns of the target language through pronunciation, intonation, word stress and
rhythmic patterns of spoken Spanish. Listening skills will be sharpened with the help of
elementary recordings, adaptations of videos and music. Oral expression will be extensively
practiced through simulations of basic real life interactions such as greeting, understanding
interlocutor and reacting to information and usual communicative situations such as dialogs,
debates, presentations will be practiced.
SPAN 103 Elementary Spanish Grammar I

The aim of this course is to introduce students to basic functional elements of the Spanish
language and grammar: the alphabet, word stress, nouns, simple verb tenses, prepositions,
numbers, sentence structure and the construction of basic sentences. Students will learn to read,
listen to, write simple texts and answer questions on them.
SPAN 104 Elementary Spanish Grammar II

This course is a continuation of SPAN 103. To improve students’ previously acquired level of
knowledge; more functional elements of the Spanish language will be taught. The course will be
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based on the acquisition of basic communicative functions which will facilitate students’ ability to
make simple and direct exchanges on familiar topics and activities.
SPAN 201 Spanish Grammar and Translation I

In this course, students will develop an understanding of the fine points of Spanish grammar. The
grammars of Spanish and English will be contrastively analyzed, and those areas that typically
give English-speaking students the most trouble will be examined in depth. Students will refine
their grammatical skills through translation exercises. In addition, the course will offer an
introduction to some of the techniques and problems involved in translating from English to
Spanish and from Spanish to English.
SPAN 202: Spanish Grammar and Translation II

This course is the continuation of SPAN 201. It will focus on more complex grammatical
concepts, and more contextualized grammar exercises will be introduced to advanced
beginners/beginning intermediate level audience. Students will be progressively presented with the
problems involved in translating from the mother tongue to the target language and vice versa.
SPAN 203 Oral and Composition I

The purpose of this course is to develop students’ ability to use the target language to effectively
convey key ideas and transmit information through oral communication and written expression.
Students will be provided with the necessary vocabulary and extra linguistic resources to express
their opinion about fairly complex topics. Relevant morphological notions will be examined with
the objective of producing accurate texts.
SPAN 204 Oral and Composition II

This course is the continuation of SPAN 203 and is intended to train students to produce adequate
texts that satisfy personal communication needs. Students will acquire skills on how to adequately
organise ideas and convey key ideas successfully. Cultural themes pertaining to the Hispanic
world will be provided for students to assess orally and in written form in a well-structured
manner.
SPAN 205 Hispanic History and Civilization

Students will be taken through a panoramic study of the various events and occurrences that
shaped the history, culture, language and customs of Spain and Hispanic America. Topics on
Spain will include: the earliest settlers in Spain, the Re-conquest, the Catholic Monarchs, the
Spanish Inquisition, the Spanish Civil War etc; while topics for Hispanic America will include the
indigenous pre-Colombian civilizations; the colonization of America and the fight for
independence; emancipation, post-independence struggles, etc.
SPAN 206 Introduction to Hispanic Literature

The purpose of this course is to provide students with an informative background for the study of
Spanish and Latin America literature. From the “jarchas” and “juglares” to the post-Civil War
literature of Spain, as well as, from the Mayan, Aztecan and Quechan literatures to the Avant-
garde movement of Hispanic America; students will be exposed to all the major literary
movements - their characteristics, style, the representative works and the principal figures of each
period. Selected representative texts of these periods will be examined and students will acquire
basic skills for analyzing literary texts.
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SPAN 301: Intermediate Spanish Usage I
The aim of the course is two-fold: to help students further develop more advanced grammar usage
and to give them opportunities to increase their knowledge in executing the structure and usage of
some important (functional) verbs in Spanish. Upon completion of this course, students should
have obtained a low-intermediate level of language proficiency.
SPAN 302: Intermediate Spanish Usage II

This course is the continuation of SPAN 301 and it will focus on various aspects of grammar such
as advanced usage of pronouns, adjectives, prepositions and the subjunctive. Students will cover a
variety of grammatical structures while contextualizing the language through the following
themes: art and culture, nature and the environment, social life, work, contemporary society and
experience abroad. It is an intermediate level grammar review that also incorporates directed and
original composition exercises.
SPAN 303 Comprehension and Oral Expression I

This is an intensive course of Spanish as a foreign language, designed to strengthen students' oral
and written proficiency in Spanish, with an emphasis on vocabulary acquisition and
comprehension skills. Students will be exposed to a wide range of texts for advanced written
comprehension and group practice. Students will prepare presentations based on assigned topics.
SPAN 304 Comprehension and Oral Expression II

This course is a continuation of SPAN 303. It aims to give the class active and prolonged practice
using the language. In order to broaden students’ vocabulary and command of the language,
students will be presented topics that are unfamiliar to them in the Hispanic context: migration,
political asylum, street-partying, bull-fighting etc.
SPAN 305 Translation Exercises & Aspects of Spanish Structure

The course will familiarize students with the art of translation and the challenges involved in
translating between English and Spanish, with emphasis on Spanish as the target language. The
translation exercises have a pedagogical value, as they seek to help students acquire a higher level
of proficiency and competence in the two languages rather than prepare them to become
professional translators.
SPAN 306 Translation Exercises

The course is a continuation of SPAN 305. It shall comprise a series of translation activities both
in and outside of classroom. Students will progressively tackle complex structures that emphasize
specific aspects of Spanish grammar, to paragraph-length texts covering several fields including
legal, commercial, medical, technological, and humanistic areas.
SPAN 307 Special Topics I

This course is designed as a slot for specially undesignated course and is conceived to cater for
any situational or ad hoc need to lay on courses of academic, professional or topical interest, not
provided for in the syllabus or course outlines. This is intended, therefore, to provide an elastic
thematic stretch for meaningful improvisation and ad hoc future demands.
SPAN 308 Special Topics II

This course is the continuation of SPAN 307. It is designed as a slot for specially undesignated
course and is conceived to cater for any situational or ad hoc need to lay on courses of academic,
professional or topical interest, not provided for in the syllabus or course outlines. This is
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intended, therefore, to provide an elastic thematic stretch for meaningful improvisation and ad hoc
future demands.
SPAN 310 Language Immersion I

This is an intensive study to be undertaken during the long vacation in either a university
in a Spanish speaking country or at home. It is intended to give students the opportunity
to experience and live Spanish culture in its unadulterated form and acquire a better
appreciation of the extra-linguistic and pragmatic features of the language. Students may
also undertake this language immersion course at the University of Ghana during the long
vacation between Levels 200 and 300.
SPAN 311 Medieval Spanish Literature

The course proposes a close reading of Spanish literary productions of the Middle Ages. It will
study the aesthetic literary concepts, in relation to the socio-historical and artistic European
contexts of the 12th, 13th and 14th centuries. Its focus will be on the different schools (Mester de
Clerecía, Mester de Juglaría, Prosa narrativa) with a specific study of authors and key works on
the early development of Spanish literature and language.
SPAN 312 Golden Age Literature

In this course a selection of major texts—narrative, poetry and drama—of the Golden Age will be
studied. The socio-political environment of Spain and its bearing on artistic productivity and
creativity will be examined with emphasis on the ideological, cultural and critical issues these
texts raise and address. A selection of the works by the following authors will be examined: Lope
de Vega, Pedro Calderón de la Barca, Tirso de Molina, Francisco de Quevedo (, Luis Góngora y
Argote, Fray Luis de León, San Juan de la Cruz, Miguel de Cervantes.
SPAN 313 Latin American Studies I

This course is an exploration of Latin America, a world that includes Central and South America,
from historical, geo-political, economic perspectives as well as through cultural ones to include
food, music, gender, race, and class. The course seeks to come to an understanding of the
experiences and processes that have shaped the region.
SPAN 314 Latin American Studies II

This course is the continuation of SPAN 313. Students will reflect on identity, revolutions, nation-
state formation, modernization and social mobilization based on analyses of primary sources such
as cinema, music, literature, art and historical documents as well as secondary sources.
SPAN 315 Spanish Peninsular Studies I

The course covers the rich and complex traditions of eighteenth and nineteenth century Spanish
literature and culture from a variety of historical and intellectual perspectives. Grounded in
language, literature and aesthetics, a broad range of theoretical approaches and a unique variety of
textualities will also be considered. It will examine all literary genres (prose, poetry, essay, theatre
and film) and underscore the connections between literary studies and other disciplines.
SPAN 316 Spanish Peninsular Studies II

This course is the continuation of SPAN 315 and will study the rich and complex traditions of
twentieth and twenty-first century Spanish literature and culture from a variety of historical and
intellectual perspectives. Grounded in language, literature and aesthetics, a broad range of
theoretical approaches and a unique variety of textualities will also be considered. It will examine
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all literary genres (prose, poetry, essay, theatre and film) and underscore the connections between
literary studies and other disciplines.
SPAN 317 Afro-Hispanic Literature

This course will introduce students to the background of Hispanophone literature, with specific
reference to the background of the writers, and the socio-linguistic context in which their work is
produced. It provides a brief history of Equatorial Guinea and its continuing ties with Spain.
Varied in content and scope, the texts selected for this course will afford insights into issues and
preoccupations of the writers. The course examines aspects of the socio-political state of affairs
these works bring up for scrutiny as well as the creative, ideological and philosophical stimulus
underpinning them.
SPAN 318 Caribbean Studies

This course is designed to familiarize students with the pertinent issues that determine or
affect the concept of identity in Caribbean societies through a study of geography,
history, politics, economics, literature, and culture. It introduces students in the society
and culture of the Caribbean region as well as the historical evolution of Caribbean
society, the cultural characteristics of the Caribbean people, and the ways in which
Caribbean society and culture influence and are influenced by societies and cultures
outside the region.
SPAN 319 Written Communication Skills

This intermediate-level course is designed to develop stronger skills in written
communication and to adequately prepare students for academic writing in Spanish.
Students will build skills by analyzing authentic texts, focusing on textual structures and
the writing process, in five broad types: description, narration, reporting, argumentation,
and exposition.
SPAN 321 Women in Hispanic Literature: Spain

The focus of this course is the fictions of women writers whose names are already part of the
Spanish literary canon as well as budding ones. Writers like María de Zayas, Emilia Pardo Bazán,
Rosalía de Castro among others will be studied to explore the issues these authors confront in their
literary productions. A central aspect of the course will be a study of ways by which they negotiate
with and subvert patriarchy.
SPAN 322 Women in Hispanic Literature: Latin America

This course will study works by and about women, with emphasis on the portrayal of women,
women's roles, and myths of womanhood within the socio-ideological context of Latin America.
What issues do these literary productions call up? How do they negotiate with and subvert
patriarchy? Indeed, does women’s writing mean feminist writing? These are some of the
questions which will be addressed in this course.
SPAN 323 Introduction to Hispanic Cinema

This course will introduce students to a different medium for analysis. It will equip students with
the key skills needed in the close textual analysis of films, and in historicizing film production in
Spain and Latin America. Students will gain an appreciation of the historical, cultural, social, and
political questions raised in the films under study.
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SPAN 324 Hispanic Literatures and film
This course will undertake the study of adaptations of Spanish and Latin American literary works
into films. Covering different periods and nationalities, students will understand and interpret
spoken and written language; they will gain an understanding of the traditions, products (texts and
films) and perspectives of Spanish cultures; they will reinforce and expand their knowledge of
other areas of study (literature and film studies) through Spanish, and also, be able to compare the
textual sources and their adaptations to film.
SPAN 325 Introduction to Spanish Morphology and Syntax

This is an introductory course that reviews the basic concepts of morphology from semantic,
functional and typological perspectives. The course will undertake the study and analysis of
Spanish grammar including tense, aspect, and mood; morphological problems; syntactic variation;
style in oral and written expression; brief discussion of dialectal variation.
SPAN 326 Spanish Semantics

In this course, aspects of the semantics of Spanish will be taught. The aim of the course is to
enable students to enrich their vocabulary in a gradual way. Special emphasis will be placed on
awareness-raising with regard to the contextual value attached to frequently used words and
idiomatic expressions in Spanish.
SPAN 327 Spanish Phonetics and Phonology

This course is an understanding of key phonetic and phonological terms and concepts by
identifying describing, producing, and transcribing phonemes of Spanish. It consists of a detailed
analysis of Spanish sounds and of the rules that govern their production. The course is
fundamental to a proper understanding of the production of Spanish sounds; the course also helps
to prepare students to teach English to Spanish speakers and gives students a better understanding
of English sound production.
SPAN 328 Discourse Analysis

The focus of this course is to better understand how language works in larger discourse contexts.
The course considers the organization of language above the sentence level, considering a variety
of cross-sentences, discourse phenomena and the types of models that have been proposed to
capture cross-sentence relationships. It explores a variety of approaches and discusses their
strengths and weaknesses.
SPAN 331 Business Spanish I

The course will provide students with technical vocabulary and communicative skills
covering business concepts applicable to the corporate dynamics of the Spanish-speaking
world. Through readings, presentations, discussions, and video materials, cultural
aspects that characterize the business environment in the Hispanic world will be
analyzed. Additionally the economies and markets in light of their history, politics,
resources and pressing international concerns will be studied.
SPAN 332 Business Spanish II

Writing-intensive course designed to develop students' communicative skills through grammar
review, readings on current issues and exposure to media. Students will learn the most practical
aspects of Spanish business life; topics included in this course are business correspondence, verbal
negotiation, socio-political geography as well as the state of the Spanish economy in the Hispanic
and International markets.
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SPAN 400 Long Essay/Creative Writing
This is a research paper on a topic of the student’s choice, undertaken with a lecturer’s supervision
in partial fulfilment of an undergraduate programme.

SPAN 401 Advanced Spanish Proficiency I

This course involves a comprehensive study of Spanish grammar on an advanced level,
emphasizing reading and writing skills. It will focus on the grammatical structures which foreign
students find difficult, for example the structure and uses of exclamations and interjections in
Spanish as well as the stylistic use of the subjunctive; the dative of interest, the synthetic and
absolute superlative etc.
SPAN 402 Advanced Spanish Proficiency II

This course is a continuation of SPAN 401. It involves a more comprehensive study of Spanish
grammar on an advanced level, emphasizing reading and writing skills on more complex topics. A
communicative approach involving discussions of essay topics, translation of official and business
letters etc. will be adopted to bring proficiency to the expected level.
SPAN 403 Oral for Academic and Professional Purposes

This course is designed to develop advanced conversational skills in a variety of situations and
subjects. It prepares students to attain oral proficiency and should exhibit real competence in
reading, comprehension and self-expression. Students will be expected to do out of class reading
of selected texts and/or view selected films for discussions.
SPAN 404 Advanced Oral Expression

This course is a continuation of SPAN 403 and is intended to further develop a high level of
conversational skills in Spanish. Students will improve their listening comprehension and
speaking skills, acquire and use native-like expressions and vocabulary.
SPAN 405 Advanced Translation Skills I

This course is an overview of the following translation strategies and techniques, with examples of
their usage: borrowing, calque, transposition, modulation, etc. Students will also analyse and
translate some selected texts (extracts from newspapers, journals, magazines, text books, etc) from
Spanish into English and vice versa.
SPAN 406 Advanced Translation Skills II

This course is the continuation of SPAN 405. It deals with the analysis and translation of isolated
sentences, including idiomatic expressions, adages, maxims, proverbs, book and film titles etc.
that present translation challenges. Students will translate selected texts (extracts from
newspapers, journals, magazines, text books, etc.) from Spanish into English and vice versa.
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SPAN 407 Selected Topics I
This course is designed as a slot for specifically undesignated courses and is conceived to cater for
any situational or ad hoc need to lay on courses of academic, professional or topical interest (from
cognate or non cognate disciplines), not provided for in the syllabus or course outlines. This is
intended, therefore, to provide an elastic thematic stretch for meaningful improvisation and ad hoc
future demands.
SPAN 408 Selected Topics II

This is a slot for specifically undesignated courses, conceived to cater for any situational or ad hoc
need to lay on courses of academic, professional or topical interest (from cognate or non cognate
disciplines), not provided for in the syllabus or course outlines. This is intended, therefore, to
provide an elastic thematic stretch for meaningful improvisation and ad hoc future demands.
SPAN 409 Theory of Literature

This course will study some universal theories on literature and literary creativity, and also some
artistic and creative systems. It will focus on literature as social function and index of collective
and individual cosmovision. It will also explore language and literature, as well as the use of
cognitive symbols.
SPAN 410 Language Immersion

This is a long-vacation specially packaged intensive study in a university in a Spanish speaking
country. Students can also undertake a language immersion course at the University of Ghana
during the long vacation between Levels 300 and 400
SPAN 411 Survey of Latin American Literature: Prose

This course undertakes a panoramic review of Latin-American literature from modernism, avant-
garde, revolutionary literature, to the literature of the boom (narrativa y cuentos), postmodernism
and current trends. It looks at the origin of modernism, avant-garde movement and their various
characteristics.
SPAN 412 Survey of Latin American Literature: Poetry and Drama

This course focuses on the study of poetry and drama by a variety of Latin-American authors and
undertakes a panoramic review of their works from modernism, avant-garde, to postmodernism
and current trends. Students will expand their ability to analyse texts in their social historical and
cultural context and to present those analyses both orally and in writing.
SPAN 413 Survey of Peninsular Literature I

This course is a study of the historical and artistic development of Romanticism and Realism with
emphasis on the salient features of the romantic movement in Europe, Spain and a detailed study
of the main writers of this trend notably, Espronceda, Leopoldo Alas (Clarín), Bécquer, and
Rosalía de Castro. It will also look at Mariano José de Larra and Benito Perez Galdós in the
conceptualization and development of their works.
SPAN 414 Survey of Peninsular Literature II

This course provides an overview of the 20th century Spanish Literature, focusing on the main
literary trends and the different groups, studied within their socio-cultural contexts. All genres are
going to be studied using texts by the most renowned authors. The aim is to provide in-depth
knowledge of the evolution of Spanish literature through all the changes that the art undergoes
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during the 20th century, including the Avant-garde, literature of political and social awareness and
postmodernism.
SPAN 415 Studies in Hispanic Popular Culture

This course will explore the diverse manifestations of popular culture in Spain and Latin America
with a view to recognizing and appreciating the cultural values they exhibit. Students will develop
deep knowledge on Hispanic musical forms, soap opera, television programs, theatre, the press
and other forms of cultural expression which will form the basis for intra-Hispanic as well as
cross-cultural comparisons.
SPAN 417 Gender and Society

This course will study the way culture shapes and defines the positions and roles of both men and
women throughout Hispanic society (Spain, Latin America and the Spanish speaking world).
Major emphasis is placed on current social conditions, which, in turn, may lead to a broadening of
sex-roles and a reduction of sex-role stereotypes. We will also discuss the implications of these
changes for society as a whole.
SPAN 418 Hispanic Women’s Writing

This course will comprise a comparative and contrastive study of women’s writing from the
Hispanic tradition. It will also study the aesthetic and ideological spheres women’s writing open
up, with a focus on Feminist critical perspectives such as works by Carmen Laforet, Rosa
Montero, Almudena Grandes, among others. Additionally students will learn to analyze the
different dramatic and literary strategies used by these writers, and, at the same time, become more
aware of their role as readers in the texts.
SPAN 419 Hispanic Cinema

This course explores popular Spanish and Latin American Cinema which traces links
between themes and national identities. Films will be studied within the framework of
critical theory and interpretation.
SPAN 420 Study Abroad

This is a two-semester six-credit course in Spanish language, literature and culture to be
undertaken in a university in any Spanish-speaking country. This will ordinarily be undertaken
after Level 300.
SPAN 421 Hispanic Literature of Exile and Emigration

This course provides an overview of the literature written by Spanish, Latin America and
Equatorial Guinea authors who faced the exile and emigration in order to explore how these
authors find and invent themselves in their fictions and autobiographical works. Particular
attention will be given to literary aesthetics and the images of migration created by these authors.
The course also focus on how these writers experiment with the possibilities of the image in order
to address changing constructions of immigration, language, exile, and identity.
SPAN 422 Spain in the World Today

This course will introduce students to the changing trends of relationship between Spain and its
European neighbours and the world at large. It will focus on the political ideologies of Spain today
and its external policies. It will also examine Spain’s policies on migration. Additionally it will
also treat topics such as the autonomous regions (Catalonia, Basque Region, and Galicia),
homosexuality, gender issues and the youth; towards a new Spain (agricultural, industrial and
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external trade problems). It is designed to introduce first hand information about topical
contemporary issues in Spain.
SPAN 423 Sociolinguistics

In this course, students are introduced to theoretical and methodological concepts of
sociolinguistic research (types of linguistic variation, types of variables, the
sociolinguistic variable, sampling, types of instruments for the collection of data, types of
corpora, etc.), to microsociolinguistic analysis (hypercorrection, markers and indicators,
types of linguistic changes, etc.), and to the sociolinguistic variation of Spanish features
(phonological, morphosyntactic, discursive.
SPAN 424 Stylistics and Text Commentary

In this course students will be taught the meaning of stylistics and the diverse theories on style and
expressivity. They will also study guidelines to text commentary and stylistic analysis and put this
to practical use through exercises and seminars.
SPAN 425 Spanish Pragmatics

This course examines the use of the Spanish language. It analyses Spanish pragmatics as
an interdisciplinary perspective that addresses users' choices between different
possibilities of Spanish language with different meanings in different cultural contexts.
Based on readings, discussions and practice, the student will have the opportunity to
explore, discover, and investigate for himself the use of the Spanish language. (Falta la
bibliografía)
SPAN 426 Spanish Language Today

This course is designed to provide students the opportunity to address some of the topical issues in
Spanish language study today. It is essentially a practical course that intends to strengthen
students’ confidence in current Spanish usage, make them aware of possible options for usage, and
of the consequences of alternative choices and new “Spanishes”.
SPAN 427 Teaching Spanish as a Foreign Language I

This course is designed to introduce and equip students with the techniques and skills that will
enable to them teach Spanish as a foreign language. Students will be taken through theories of
language learning and teaching with emphasis on current methods on foreign language pedagogy.
SPAN 428 Teaching Spanish as a Foreign Language II

This is a continuation course for students who have previously taken Spanish as a Foreign
Language I. It will cover in more detail the theoretical elements that were seen in the first part.
Additionally, there will be a practicum component through which students will gain practical
experience in the teaching of Spanish as a Foreign Language.
SPAN 431 Spanish for the Professions

Among the areas that will be developed in this course are the terminology, expressions, language
skills, cultural awareness and sensitivity that will enable students to understand and communicate
effectively within various professional fields. While the focus will be on acquiring and using
templates/set scripts on areas such as healthcare, legal, tourism, and commercial fields, attention
will be given to grammar should the need arise.
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SPAN 432 Advanced Writing Skills
The course will develop advanced language skills in the comprehension and production of written
Spanish while furthering students' intercultural competence. It will guide students to attain a high
level of communication skills in written Spanish in terms of accuracy and appropriateness of
language use. Skills in precision and creativity in the use of written language for effective
communication will be taught and assessed.
DEPARTMENT OF FRENCH
INTRODUCTION
The Department of French was known, at its inception in 1950, as the Department of French
Studies. In 1964, it became the French Section when four other languages –Arabic, Russian,
Spanish and Swahili-were introduced and put under the Department of Modern Languages,
together with French.
In August 2011, the French Section was transformed into a Department of French.
In addition to the Bachelor of Arts in French, the Department also runs a Master of Arts/Master of
Philosophy programmes in French. It also runs, together with the Department of Modern
Languages, a Bachelor of Arts and a Master of Arts programmes in Translation, and will be
starting a Master of Arts programme in Conference Interpreting in the 2012/2013 academic year.
These undergraduate and graduate programmes seek to:
a. equip students with the requisite language proficiency and translation skills, so that they
can function in various socio-economic fields at the national/international levels and respond to
market demands, as agents of qualitative change using language and translation skills to break
linguistic and cultural barriers.
b. turn out world-class graduates with outstanding powers of articulation, analysis,
criticism, demonstrated originality and independent thinking who can bring their knowledge to
bear positively on issues as well as appreciate the intricacies of local and international geopolitics.
Products of the programmes can avail themselves of various career opportunities:
Private Sector: hospitality industry, export/import business, ICT, banking, insurance,

international finance, media, marketing, interpretation/translation, construction industry, aviation,
cross-cultural desks, consultancy, advocacy etc.
Public Sector: international affairs, Foreign Service, immigration and customs, security agencies,
trade and industry, education, law, energy sector etc.
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B.A. FRENCH
GRADUATION REQUIREMENTS
Students are required to obtain a minimum of 120 credits and a maximum of 130 credits by the
end of the fourth year in order to graduate. A year-long study abroad programme carries 10
credits. Each Language Immersion programme carries 5 credits. Students who do not undertake
either the year-long study abroad programme or the immersion programme are encouraged to take
extra elective courses, provided the total number of credits does not exceed 130.
PROGRAMME STRUCTURE
LEVEL 100
First Semester
UGRC 141-146 Science and Technology in our Lives 3
UGRC 150 Critical Thinking and Practical 3
FREN 121 Oral Skills and Informal Written Expression 3
Other Subjects 2 Courses from 2 other assigned Department 6
Note: Students to choose any 2 courses (6 credits) of the UGRC
Second Semester
UGRC 141-146 Science and Technology in our Lives 3
UGRC 150 Critical Thinking and Practical 3
FREN 122 Oral Skills and Formal Written Expression 3
LEVEL 200
First Semester
FREN 231 Reading Skills 3
FREN 233 Listening Comprehension and Grammar 3
Note: Students to choose UGRC 210 or UGRC 220-238* (3 credits)
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Second Semester
FREN 232 Oral Expression 3
FREN 234 Written Expression and Grammar 3
Note: Students to choose UGRC 210 or UGRC 220-238 (3 credits)
LEVEL 300
First Semester
COURSE CODE Core Course (9 credits) CREDITS
FREN 371 French Grammar & Intermediate Translation I 3
FREN 373 French & Francophone Literature 3
Other Subjects Any ONE Course from the other assigned Department 3
Electives
FREN 351 Gender in Francophone African Fiction 3
FREN 353 The Age of Enlightenment and African Development 3
FREN 355 Teaching French as a Foreign Language I 3
FREN 357 Business French I: The Bank, Secretarial Services and 3
Companies
FREN 361 French for International Relations I: Operations of 3
International Organisations
FREN 363 French for the Hospitality Industry I: The 3
Establishment and First Contacts
Second Semester
COURSE CODE Core Courses (6 credits) CREDITS
FREN 372 French Grammar & Intermediate Translation II 3
FREN 374 Text-based Oral Expression 3
Other Subjects Any ONE Course from the other assigned Department 3
Electives
FREN 352 Francophone African Drama and Poetry 3
FREN 354 Topics in Nineteenth Century French Literature 3
FREN 356 Teaching French as a Foreign Language II 3
FREN 358 Business French II: Purchasing, Sales and Accounting 3
Services
FREN 362 French for International Relations II: Social Issues 3
FREN 364 French for the Hospitality Industry II: Customer Care 3
FREN 370 Language Immersion I 5
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LEVEL 400
First Semester
COURSE CODE Core Courses CREDITS
FREN 481 French Grammar & Semi-Specialised Translation I 3
FREN 483 French and Francophone Literature II 3
Electives
FREN 450 Long Essay/Creative Writing 4
FREN 460 Study Abroad 6
FREN 461 Special Author: French Literature 3
FREN 463 Introduction to the Linguistics of French 3
FREN 465 Teaching of French as a Foreign Language III 3
FREN 467 Business French III: Transport, Insurance,
Telecommunication and Telephony 3
FREN 471 French for International Relations III: Economic Issues
3
FREN 473 French for the Hospitality Industry III: Marketing
Tourism Products 3
Second Semester
COURSE CODE Core Courses CREDITS
FREN 482 French Grammar & Semi-Specialised Translation II 3
FREN 484 Text-Based Oral Presentation 3
Electives
FREN 462 Special Author: Francophone Literature 3
FREN 464 Semantics and Syntax of French 3
FREN 466 Teaching French as a Foreign Language IV 3
FREN 468 Business French IV: Advertisement and Customer Care
3
FREN 470 Language Immersion II 5
FREN 472 French for International Relations IV: Political Issues 3
FREN 474 French for the Hospitality Industry IV: Tour Guiding 3
COURSE DESCRIPTIONS
FREN 121 Oral Skills and Informal Written Expression

This course aims at developing three of the four competency areas in language learning (listening,
writing and speaking) in an interactive and communicative way. It will have three components: a)
Listening Comprehension and Dictation; b) Oral Expression in Conversation; c) Informal Written
Expression & Grammar.
FREN 122 Oral Skills and Formal Written Expression

This is the continuation of FREN 121. It aims at deepening students’ competence and skills in a)
Reading Comprehension and Dictation; b) Oral Expression in Narrative Speech; c) Formal
Written Expression & Grammar.
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FREN 231 Reading Skills
The course has two components: a) Intermediate Reading Comprehension and Summary and b)
Text Analysis and Vocabulary Acquisition. The first component aims at further enhancing the
reading skills of students as well as their ability to understand and use vocabulary and expressions
related to specific situations of communication. The second component focuses on the study of
contemporary non-literary texts in their general and detailed presentation, highlighting elements of
interest that bring out the full meaning of the text.
FREN 232 Oral Expression

This course comprises two sections: (a) Intermediate Oral Expression in Conversation and (b)
Intermediate Oral Expression in Narrative Speech. Students will be taught the French International
Phonetic Alphabet which will enable them transcribe simple and short texts in French. They will
also be introduced to conversational skills through listening to CDs, engaging in conversation and
presenting short reports orally.
FREN 233 Listening Comprehension and Grammar

This course is divided into two sections: (a) Intermediate Listening Comprehension and Dictation;
(b) Grammar and Sentence Analysis. Students will be trained to understand and use more complex
vocabulary and expressions related to basic personal, family and professional life. Various aspects
of French grammar will also be taught.
FREN 234 Written Expression and Grammar

This course is made up of two sections: (a) Essay Writing; (b) Grammar and Translation. Students
will learn to appropriately introduce, develop and conclude a topic. They will also learn various
aspects of French Grammar, and they will translate varied texts involving the major registers:
simple, literary, social, political, etc.
FREN 371 French Grammar & Intermediate Translation I

This course is meant to enhance students’ understanding of grammar and morphology. Students
will be exposed to the right usage of tenses, moods, aspects and their applications in grammatical
and textual analysis. Principal word formation mechanisms in French will be discussed and
applied in context.
Students will also be taught to translate idiomatic expressions. They will be introduced to
translation techniques and be encouraged to identify translation problems in non-technical texts
and apply them in the translation of texts rich in idiomatic expressions.
FREN 372 French Grammar & Intermediate Translation II

This course seeks to consolidate grammar and morphology. It will focus on the reasons for errors
that are commonly made by Ghanaian students. These errors shall be identified and discussed.
Exercises based on such errors will be done in class.
The translation component of this course is designed to build upon the skills acquired in the first
semester. Students will learn to translate more challenging texts and thereby broaden their general
knowledge base and learn to compile and upgrade glossaries.
FREN 373 French and Francophone Literature I

This course will give students an overview of Modern French Literature from the 17 th century
onwards. The main characteristics of a novel, a play and a poem will be highlighted. A selection of
texts from the works of some major writers will be analysed. Students will also be introduced to
post-independence Francophone African Literature from 1960 to 1999, with a focus on the
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analysis of at least two major representative works. Emphasis will be placed on narrative
structure, analytical grid of characters, narrative perspective, setting, temporality, style and
functions of the narrator as well as on the relevance of such works to the socio-political African
landscape.
FREN 374 Text-Based Oral Expression

In this course, the basic principles of oral text analysis will be taught. These principles will be
used in analysing newspaper articles on current, topical and debatable issues.
FREN 351 Gender in Francophone African Fiction

A survey of the marginalisation and valorisation of women in literary works (the novel, drama,
poetry, short story, film) of both male and female Francophone African artists will precede the
study of contemporary women-centred Francophone African literature. Two representative works,
one each by a man and a woman, will be analysed.
FREN 352 Francophone African Drama and Poetry

The course will involve the analysis of one major work by a leading Francophone (African or
Caribbean) playwright and at least ten selected Negro-African Francophone poems from the
Negritude era to the Third Millennium. The relevant literary and socio-historical background of
chosen works will be studied.
FREN 353 The Age of Enlightenment and African Development

This course proposes to give an overview of the Enlightenment and its relevance in the context of
African development. Extracts and one or two full texts will be used to establish the relevance of
Enlightenment literature for the development of Africa.
FREN 354 Topics in Nineteenth Century French Literature

The focus of this course is not only to study themes in 19 th Century Literature but also to bring
them closer to contemporary social issues. Topics such as social mobility, child labour,
industrialisation and social change, the role of women in society, identity, the tyranny of money,
which have been dealt with by French writers of the period, seem to have some contemporary
appeal. A general survey of the historical factors of change should precede the study of the
selected topics in two representative works, especially those of Zola, Stendhal and Balzac.
FREN 355 Teaching French as Foreign Language I

This course is designed for students who have an interest in the teaching of French as a foreign
language and French for specific purposes. It aims at giving students some knowledge in the
various notions of teaching methodology and practices. A historical review of all teaching
methods and a detailed study of the communicative approach will be part of the course.
FREN 356 Teaching French as Foreign Language II

This course aims at highlighting key methodologies in the teaching of French (FLE, FOS, FLS,
FLM) with particular emphasis on French for specific purposes. The students will be trained to
understand the following notions: public, needs and objectives through an analysis of teaching
materials.
FREN 357 Business French I: The Bank, Secretarial Services and Companies
This course aims at equipping students with the specific language in contemporary business
practice and helping them consolidate their everyday French. It also reinforces the techniques of
essay writing and pays attention to the acquisition of basic notions in the field of business. Also,
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major of interest is the acquisition of practical know-how in secretarial work. Students will be
trained to identify the various types of companies and understand how they operate. Writing an
official letter and opening a bank account are some of the practical skills to acquire.
FREN 358 Business French II: Purchasing, Sales and Accounting Services
The acquisition of business language, specialised vocabulary, notions and know-how remain the
main focus of this course. Three areas are proposed for study: Purchasing, Sales and Accounts
departments of Business enterprise. They will also be trained to describe and explain activities,
situations, posts and relationships within companies. Students will translate into and from French
texts on the set-up and activities of business concerns.
FREN 361 French for International Relations I: Operations of International

Organisations
This course is designed for students who intend to work with international, regional and sub-
regional bodies, NGOs, Law firms as well as the Foreign Service. The course will equip students
with an acceptable level of knowledge about most contemporary issues in international affairs,
such that they are able to meet the human capital needs of Third World countries in an
increasingly liberal and competitive world. The course will introduce students to the major
international political and financial organisations, regional and sub-regional groupings in terms of
structure, membership, role, challenges, etc.
FREN 362 French for International Relations II: Social Issues

This course introduces students to some of the major social issues that have characterised the last
hundred years. These issues include racism, xenophobia, anti-Semitism, immigration,
islamophobia; nationalism, resistance, terrorism, etc. The course will also introduce students to the
dynamics of the more topical issues of conflicts and conflict resolution and human rights. Students
will be expected to understand the origin, nature and consequences of these phenomena both in the
immediate environment and on the global stage.
FREN 363 French for the Hospitality Industry I: The Establishment and First
Contacts
This course is a general introduction to the Hospitality establishment. Students are familiarised
with its various departments of the industry: travel, hotels, tours, etc. Activities such as booking
accommodation, welcoming and taking care of clients are highlighted. In this course the focus is
on communication skills in the various activities.
FREN 364 French for the Hospitality Industry II: Customer Care
In this course, students acquire the specific languages required in dealing with customers and
situations in the industry: taking an order for a meal and being able to describe the meal, giving
information on the hotel installations, equipment and facilities; dealing with clients’ complaints
and offering solutions.
FREN 370 Language Immersion I

This is a five-credit long-vacation specially packaged intensive study in a French or Francophone
university. In lieu of that, students can undertake a five-credit language immersion course at the
University of Ghana during the long vacation between Levels 200 and 300
FREN 450 Long Essay/Creative Writing

A dissertation of about 15,000 words will be written, under supervision, on an approved topic
from French or Francophone Literature or thought. In lieu of a Long Essay, an original piece of
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creative writing in French in the form of a novel, short story, play, or a collection of thematically
related poems may be presented.
FREN 481 French Grammar & Semi-Specialised Translation I

In this course, focus will be on more advanced study of French syntax and lexicon for improved
oral and written expression. Students shall be exposed to the study of lexical relationships in
French: synonyms, antonyms, homonyms, etc. Practical examples and exercises of “Connotation”
and “denotation” as well as some usage problems posed by various types of complements shall be
discussed. Emphasis will be placed on the application of modern grammatical trends to the
analysis of French sentence structure.
For the translation component, emphasis will shift from general translation—translation as another
means of language acquisition—to introducing students to the translation of semi-specialised
texts. The translation of these texts will enable students to start acquiring skills for translating
specialised/technical texts, as well as specialised vocabulary in the areas of the texts.
FREN 482 French Grammar & Semi-Specialised Translation II

In this course, more involved lexical and grammatical drills will be taught, followed by exercises.
Emphasis will be on linguistics applied to the learning and teaching of French in Ghana. Types of
errors: semantic, syntactic, morphological, phonological, etc. will be identified and discussed.
Exercises based on such errors will be done and discussed so as to sensitise students on how to
avoid such errors. Students will also translate slightly more challenging semi-specialised texts in
other areas apart from those covered in the first semester. These exercises will improve students’
translation skills and specialised vocabulary.
FREN 483 French & Francophone Literature II

This course will involve an in-depth study of major works of Modern French and Francophone
Literature. The main features of the works – form, themes, ideas, etc, will be analyzed. Students
will be made to relate the themes and situations to their experiences and the contemporary world.
This course will explore 21st century Francophone African Literature and focus on the analysis of
at least two representative works (novel, drama, film and poetry) not studied in FREN343 that deal
with topical issues. Beyond their thematic and socio-cultural relevance, selected texts will be
studied using tools such as actantial model, analytical grid of characters, narrative structure,
narrative perspective, style, setting and temporality.
FREN 484 Text-based Oral Presentation

In this course, students will be taught the methodology of presenting texts orally to show that they
have an overall understanding of these texts: their surface and deep structures, their message and
tone. After the theoretical approach is taught, there will be the practical aspect of the course in
which students will put into practice the methodology they have learnt. Topics on national and
global issues will discussed in class or presented individually.
FREN 460 Study Abroad

This is a two-semester 6-credit course in French language, literature and culture to be undertaken
in a university in France or a Francophone country.
FREN 461 Special Author: French Literature

This course is intended for students who wish to have an in depth knowledge of a major French
author not studied in FREN 483. The course will involve a general survey of the life and works of
the writer. At least two (2) works will be studied in detail.
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FREN 462 Special Author: Francophone Literature
A general survey of the life and works of a major author of Francophone literature (not studied
elsewhere in the syllabus). At least two works produced by the author will be studied in detail,
using tools such as actantial model, analytical grid of characters, narrative structure, narrative
perspective, themes, style, setting and temporality.
FREN 463 Introduction to the Linguistics of French

This course will focus on the main functions of language as a tool for communication, and the
main components of Linguistics as a science. Students will be introduced to the study of language
from the Saussurean perspective; differences between ‘language’ ‘langue’, ‘parole’, systematic
and pragmatic axes, synchronic and diachronic study of language. Linguistic and other signs will
be studied as well as the phonetics and phonology of French. Linguistics applied to the learning
and teaching of French in Ghana.
FREN 464 Semantics and Syntax of French

In this course, various aspects of the semantics and syntax of French will be taught. The part on
semantics will focus on lexicology and lexicography: origins of French vocabulary; Borrowing,
Morphological analysis of French lexicology; derivation, suffixation, prefixation, composition,
abbreviation, siglaison, neology, metonymy, synonymy, polysemy, hyperonymy and hyponymy
etc. The part on syntax will deal with the relevance of parts of speech, impersonal and infinitive
verbs.
FREN 467 Business French III: Transport, Insurance, Telecommunication and

Telephony
As in FREN 357 and 358, the general objective of this course remains the acquisition of useful
and specialised vocabulary, basic knowledge and know-how as well as competence in oral and
written expression in Business. The following areas are proposed for study: Transport Services,
Telecommunication and Telephony, Insurance. Students will learn to describe the basic activities
of the services concerned. Additionally, a more rigorous analytical approach to the texts will the
adopted. Preference will be given to the choice of argumentative topics for oral and written
production.
FREN 468 Business French IV: Advertisement and Customer Care

The general objective, as in FREN 357, 358 and 467, continues to be the acquisition of basic
knowledge and know-how in modern business practice. However, there is an attempt at
inculcating advanced analytical and argumentative skills in students. The areas proposed for study
are: Advertisement, Customs, and Globalisation. Students will learn to explain activities in these
areas and also read, analyse and interpret related documents. They will offer definitions and
advance cogent arguments in favour of or against certain choices.
FREN 470 Language Immersion II

This is a five-credit long-vacation specially packaged intensive study in a French or Francophone
university. In lieu of that, students can undertake a five-credit language immersion course at the
University of Ghana during the long vacation between Levels 300 and 400
FREN 471 French for International Relations III: Economic Issues

This course introduces students to International economic arrangements such as: Economic
Partnership Agreement (EPA), New Partnership for African Development (NEPAD), African
Growth and Opportunities Act (AGOA), Millennium Challenge Account, etc. Students will be
encouraged to read widely and be in tune with current world affairs: the debt burden and debt
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cancellation, Africa and the Breton Wood Institutions. Students will be expected to make
presentations on topics of their choice.
FREN 472 French for International Relations IV: Political Issues

This course allows students to explore international relations and contemporary issues like
globalisation, bilateralism, multilateralism and unilateralism, from an African perspective.
Students will learn about the place of Africa in the world, history, specificities, problems, and
prospects. Topics to be studied include Colonialism in Africa, the Post-Cold War international
relations: sovereignty, territorial integrity and non interference nationalist struggle and
independence, Africa and the Cold War, the one-party State and military/authoritarian rule,
multiparty democracy, the crisis of the State, civil strife. Students will also learn about Franco-
African relations and French Foreign Policy in Post-Baule Francophone Africa.
FREN 473 French for the Hospitality Industry III: Marketing Tourism Products
In this course, students acquire the vocabulary, the specialised language and know-how in the
designing, write-up and presentation of tourist activities, exposition on cultural events and
preparation of information documents in the characteristic style of tours operators.
FREN 474 French for the Hospitality Industry IV: Tour Guiding
In this course, attention is given to the planning and execution of a guided visit. Ability to present
a cultural object, narrate the story of a monument are inculcated. Group management (adaptation
of attitude and comments to group types) is a component of this course. Priority is given to the
acquisition of both oral and written communication skills in these areas.
B.A. TRANSLATION
ADMISSION REQUIREMENTS
The admission requirements are as follows:

Students should have obtained a minimum of B+ in the following language courses:
i. Students whose Language B is Arabic:

ARAB 231 Intermediate Arabic I and ARAB 232 Intermediate Arabic II.
ii. Students whose Language B is Chinese:

CHIN 231 Intermediate Chinese I and CHIN 232 Intermediate Chinese II.
iii. Students whose Language B is French:

FREN 231 Reading Skills and FREN 232 Oral Expression.
iv. Students whose Language B is Russian:

RUSS 231 Intermediate Russian Studies I and RUSS 232 Intermediate Russian
Studies II.
v. Students whose Language B is Spanish:
SPAN 231 Intermediate Spanish I: Grammar and Oral & SPAN 232 Intermediate
Spanish II: Grammar and Oral.
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vi. Students whose Language B is Swahili:
SWAH 231 Intermediate Swahili Language Skills I & SWAH 232 Intermediate
Swahili Language Skills II.
N.B: In all cases, candidates on the Translation programme will also be required to pass a Written
Grammar and Essay Writing test in English to be conducted by the Department of Modern
Languages in conjunction with the English Department or the Language Centre.
SUBJECT COMBINATIONS
In Level 300, students of the Translation programme will be required to pick courses from other
departments (e. g. Sociology, Philosophy, Archeology, Political Sciences) but only as a minor
field of study. In Level 400, the B.A Translation becomes a single major programme.
STRUCTURE OF PROGRAMME
LEVEL 300 COURSES

MAJOR: By the end of the year, at least 30 credits including all core courses and at
least 3 electives),
CORE
TRAN 361 Introduction to the Theory of Translation 3 credits
TRAN 362 Advanced Writing Skills for Translators 3 credits
TRAN 363 Readings in Specialized Texts 3 credits
TRAN 364 Advanced Readings in Specialized Texts 3 credits
TRAN 365 Translation Practice I (Language B) 3 credits
TRAN 366 Translation Practice II (Language B) 3 credits
TRAN 367 Contrastive Language Studies 3 credits
ENGL 373 English Usage 3 credits
ELECTIVES
TRAN 370 Language Immersion 5 credits
TRAN 371 Introduction to Syntax 2 credits
TRAN 373 Comprehension and Summary I 2 credits
TRAN 374 Comprehension and Summary II 2 credits
TRAN 375 Written Composition and Oral Communication Skills I 2 credits
TRAN 376 Written Composition and Oral Communication Skills II 2 credits
LEVEL 400 COURSES

Major: By the end of the year, 36 credits which include all core courses and at least 2
electives)
CORE
TRAN 470 Attachment and Project Work 4 credits
TRAN 471 Introduction to Literary and Cultural Translation 3 credits
TRAN 472 Introduction to Commercial and Legal Translation 3 credits
TRAN 473 Introduction to Medical and Technological Translation 3 credits
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TRAN 474 Computers and Translation 3 credits
TRAN 475 Introduction to Liaison Interpretation 3 credits
TRAN 476 Introduction to Consecutive Interpretation 3 credits
TRAN 478 Discourse Analysis for Translators 3 credits
ELECTIVES
TRAN 481 Research Methods in Translation and Interpretation 2 credits
TRAN 482 Advanced Translation Workshop 2 credits
TRAN 483 Introduction to Terminology Management 2 credits
TRAN 484 Ethics & Business Practice of Translation & Interpretation 2 credits
TRAN 480 Study Abroad/Language Immersion 5 credits
GRADUATION REQUIREMENTS
Students are required to obtain a minimum of 130 credits and a maximum of 138 credits by the
end of the fourth year in order to graduate. A year-long study abroad programme carries 10
credits. Each Language Immersion programme carries 5 credits. Students who do not undertake
either the year-long study abroad programme or the immersion programme are encouraged to take
extra elective courses, provided the total number of credits does not exceed 130.
COURSE DESCRIPTIONS
TRAN 361 Introduction to the Theory of Translation

This course is intended to equip students with the necessary competencies to analyze extra-
linguistic issues such as the cultural setting of a source text, the author’s intention and
intentionality, the purpose of the translation, the target audience, etc, as well as to apply translation
strategies such as borrowing, calque, transposition, modulation, recasting, recategorisation,
equivalence, adaptation, rationalisation, expansion, reduction, explicitation, implicitation,
ennoblement, qualitative impoverishment, quantitative impoverishment, compensation,
domestication, foreignisation and exoticisation in their translations.
TRAN 362 Advanced Writing Skills for Translators

This course is designed to improve translator’s writing skills at an advanced level, including
advanced work on grammar, stylistics and written text creation. Emphasis is on the planning,
development and revision of multi-paragraph compositions. Students will focus on particular
problems with their writing and also practice editing.
TRAN 363 Readings in Specialized Texts

This course aims at introducing students to specialized texts in different fields with varying
degrees of difficulty. It focuses on terminologies in areas such as business, law, medicine, ICT and
sports.
TRAN 364 Advanced Readings in Specialized Texts

This course is a continuation of TRAN 363. At this level, the course will focus on consolidating
and enhancing the terminology and register acquisition strategies. Students will be guided to
research and use parallel and authentic texts in various domains, such as Medicine, Law,
Technology, ICT, Journalism, Entertainment and Sports.
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TRAN 365 Translation Practice I (Language B)
This course is a series of translation practice sessions involving the translation of both literary and
non literary texts. The theories studied under TRAN 331 will be applied here.
TRAN 366 Translation Practice II (Language B)

This course is a continuation of TRAN 365. It involves the translation of semi-specialized text
extracted from various sources ranging from newspaper articles to legal documents.
TRAN 367 Contrastive Language Studies

In this course, students will develop analytical skills and explore the linguistic features of English
as compared to Language B. They will draw on their knowledge of English to analyze the lexis,
morphology, syntax and discourse features of Language B. They will also study typical translation
errors in grammar and expression.
TRAN 370 Language Immersion

This course will be taken by students in a university in a Language B country during the long
vacation between Levels 200 and 300. As students are immersed in a Language B milieu and have
the opportunity to use the Language B outside the lecture room in addition to the language,
literature and civilization courses they take, their spoken and written Language B will improve.
Marks scored by students in the foreign University will be recorded under this course. In lieu of a
stay in Language B university, students may take a language immersion course organized by the
Section offering their Language B.
TRAN 371 Introduction to Syntax

This course is intended to enhance students’ understanding of the basic principles of the syntax of
English and Language B with a view to deepening students’ capacity to deal with translation
difficulties emanating from the peculiarities of the two languages in contact with particular focus
on how words (i.e. nouns, verbs, adjectives and adverbs) combine in the phrase, the clause and the
sentence. Texts for analysis will be drawn from English and language B.
TRAN 373 Comprehension and Summary I

This course seeks to enable the student to understand and use vocabulary and expressions related
to personal, family and professional information. Students will also be taught techniques in
summary and will be required to summarize selected texts.
ENGL 373 English Usage

This course aims at increasing students’ competence in English. It focuses on aspects of English
that appear problematic in Ghanaian usage. The course will dwell on issues such as :SV-
agreement, simple past and perfect, stative/dynamic verbs, sequence of tenses, sequence of
pronouns/ pronominal antecedent, phrasal verbs, modal usage, time indicators, comparison and
comparative structures, determiner usage, ‘difficult words’, dangling participles, transitional
expressions, punctuation, writing conventions and idioms.
TRAN 374 Comprehension and Summary II

This course is a continuation of TRAN 373. More complex texts will be selected for
comprehension and summary.
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TRAN 375 Written Composition and Oral Communication Skills I
The course is designed to enable the student to refine conversational skills for the purpose of
participating in academic discussions. It will focus on acquiring strategies for effective written
expression and oral communication.
TRAN 376 Written Composition and Oral Communication Skills II

The course seeks to enhance students’ conversational and written skills with emphasis on learning
strategies for effective communication. Students will participate in group discussions and make
written and oral presentations. They will further be engaged in exercises and practices to improve
on their listening skills.
TRAN 470 Attachment and Project Work

In this course each student will select, in consultation with his or her supervisor, a Language B
text of about 4000 words and translate it into Language A. This translated document will be
submitted for marking by the end of the academic year in partial fulfillment of the requirements
for the award of a B. A. Translation degree.
TRAN 471 Introduction to Literary and Cultural Translation

The course explores the creativity, techniques and strategies involved in translating literary texts
and their complex and multi-layered stylistic structure. Students will analyze the art of aesthetic
translation and the ways stylistic and symbolic equivalents between the original literary work and
the translation can be achieved.
TRAN 472 Introduction to Commercial and Legal Translation

This course is an introduction to the methods, strategies, techniques, and resources used in the
translation of business/commercial and legal texts. The primary focus of this course will be on
learning how to approach various types of texts, rather than on translating specific documents.
Class meetings will be conducted in a workshop format based on weekly assignments, readings
and translation.
TRAN 473 Introduction to Medical and Technological Translation

This course is an introduction to the methods, strategies, techniques, and resources used in the
translation of medical and technological and texts. It provides practice in translation and in the
evaluation of translations. Class meetings will be conducted in a workshop format based on
weekly assignments, readings and translation.
TRAN 474 Computers and Translation

This course explores the use of computing for translators, including interactive databases and
multilingual text generation. Translation-related search engines and Internet sites will be explored.
TRAN 475 Introduction to Liaison Interpretation

The aim of this course is to introduce students to the fundamentals of Liaison Interpretation. They
will be trained to speak intelligibly, to gesticulate with moderation, and to be attentive and adapt
themselves to the idiosyncrasies, attitudes, intentions and reactions of the interlocutors.
TRAN 476 Introduction to Consecutive Interpretation

This course is intended to introduce students to the fundamentals of Consecutive Interpretation.
They will be taught note-taking and discourse coordinating techniques. They will also learn to
sharpen their retention faculties through the use of memory-enhancing techniques.
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TRAN 478 Discourse Analysis for Translators
The course is designed to help students critically analyze a text in order to capture all the itsy-bitsy
ingredients that contribute to its meaning. Attention will be given to both linguistic and non
linguistic issues such as syntactical structures and meaning, style and meaning, culture, language
and meaning as these apply to languages A and B. The objective is to help students move away
from literal translation to more meaning-based translation.
TRAN 480 Study Abroad / Language Immersion

This is a four-credit course intended to give students an exposure to the culture and usage of
Language B. It is tenable abroad. However, students who are unable to travel will be required to
embark on a special locally organized immersion and/or internship in order to bridge the gap
between them and their colleagues who spend the year in the Language B country.
TRAN 481 Research Methods in Translation and Interpretation

The course is designed to introduce students to techniques and methods of doing research. This
goal will be achieved by students’ independent reading, by a mix of lectures, discussions in
smaller groups and by students designing, carrying out and describing the results of a mini-project.
Students will be assessed on the basis of the quality of the final essay. The main focus of the
course is on teaching students research methods in translation and interpreting by exposing them
to “hands on” team research work. The particular orientation of the course is on active
participation of the students in the research process and the course thus prepares them to design,
implement and evaluate their own research.
TRAN 482 Advanced Translation Workshop

The course provides extensive practice in translating current affairs, economic/finance and legal
texts. Students will work on a number of projects simulating real-life tasks of advanced translators
in areas mentioned, learning to produce a high quality target text and to research for a job.
TRAN 483 Introduction to Terminology Management

This course aims at guiding students in the creation of subject-field specific terminologies and the
terminographic recording of such information in the form of terminology databases. They will be
encouraged to research all the necessary sources, including internet resources, for that purpose.
This will help save time in the course of translation and also ensure accuracy and consistency of
terminology in the target language.
TRAN 484 Ethics & Business Practice of Translation & Interpretation

In this course the student will be taught the ethics of the translation profession. Translation-related
issues such as project management, client satisfaction and respect for delivery deadlines among
others and interpretation-related issues such as appearance, posture, comportment and microphone
manipulation will be taught in this course
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SCHOOL OF PERFORMING ARTS
The School of Performing Arts is the cultural nerve centre of the University, offering courses in
African Dance, Music and Theatre as well as course in the these Performing Arts from other parts
of the world. It continues to attract large numbers of international students interested in learning
about Ghanaian culture and performance.
There are several programmes from Diplomas to PhD on offer in the three Departments
comprising the School.
DEPARTMENT OF THEATRE ARTS
The programmes in Theatre Arts will enable students gain insight into theories that underlie
theatre practice globally. The programmes seek to equip students with knowledge and skills in
theatre arts applications and help them explore their creativity in creative and technical theatre arts
practice. They are further envisaged to create a platform for students to share their concerns on
societal issues through theatrical productions and academic research papers and theses.
At the end of the successful completion of the programmes at the undergraduate level, the student
should be able to conceive, design and produce a creative work of industry standard; undertake
academic research in theatre and related disciplines and write critical essays and reviews on works
of art.
BACHELOR OF ARTS (BA)
Eligibility Criteria
The admission requirements for the Bachelor of Arts (BA) degree in Theatre Arts will be in line
with the general regulations guiding University of Ghana admissions to undergraduate
programmes.
Programme Structure and Design

Duration: It will be a four-year degree programme.
Requirement to graduate: Students will be required to pass a minimum of 120 credits as required
by the University of Ghana for its general bachelors degree programme.
Programme Content: The programme consists of Core and Elective courses with the core courses
being compulsory for all students. At levels 100 and 200, all courses are compulsory, thus there
are no electives in line with University of Ghana course offerings. Students at these levels take in
addition the University Required Courses and courses offered in other departments they are
admitted to.
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At level 300, students are offered core courses in both semesters in addition to electives they are to
choose from. Students may opt to follow the major or minor track based on their preferences. At
level 400, the student may choose to do a combined or single major.
BACHELOR OF FINE ARTS (BFA)
Eligibility Criteria
The admission requirements for the Bachelor of Fine Arts (BFA) degree in Theatre Arts will be in
line with the general regulations guiding University of Ghana admissions to undergraduate
programmes. Additional requirement for the BFA will be for applicants to pass an
audition/interview to be conducted by the department to assess applicants understanding of the
intended areaof study and their capabilities.
Programme Structure and Design

Duration: It will be a four-year degree programme.
Requirement to graduate: Students will be required to pass a minimum of 131 credits as required
by the University of Ghana for its professional bachelor’s degree programme.
Programme Content: Students will combine with only courses from the Departments of Music and
Dance Studies at levels 100 and 200. At levels 300 and 400, students concentrate on courses
offered in the department but with the possibility of taking some recommended electives from
other departments. The programme will thus follow a 3:2:1:1 format. The programme consists of
Core and Elective courses with the core courses being compulsory for all students. At levels 100
and 200, all courses are compulsory, thus there are no electives in line with University of Ghana
course offerings. Students at these levels take in addition the University Required Courses.
At level 300, students are offered core courses in both semesters in addition to electives for
students to make choices. The electives offer area specialisations and the students will be guided
and counselled in the selection based on interests, abilities and intended career paths. Students will
be required to take an industrial internship during the long vacation as part of the professional
development process. At level 400, the student will on advice, choose elective courses based on
the area of specialisation of interest and intended career paths in addition to the core courses in
both semesters.
BACHELOR OF ARTS (BA)

PROGRAMME OF STUDY
LEVEL 100 (All courses are compulsory for students)
First Semester
THEA 111 Literary Orientation to the Theatre 3
Courses from other assigned departments 6
*Note: Students to choose any 2 courses (6 credits) of the UGRC
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Second Semester
THEA 112 Basics of the Living Theatre 3
Courses from other assigned departments 6

First Semester
THEA 213 History and Origins of Drama and Theatre 3
THEA 217 The Arts of the Theatre 3
Courses from other assigned department 6
*Note: Students to choose any 1 course (3 credits) of the UGRC
Second Semester
THEA 212 Play Analysis and Interpretation I 3
THEA 214 History of Medieval Theatre and Drama 3
Courses from other assigned department 6
LEVEL 300
Major: Minimum of 24 credits by the end of the year.
Combined: Minimum of 18 credits by the end of the year.
Minor: Minimum of 6 credits by the end of the year.
FIRST SEMESTER
CORE COURSE
THEA 331 Play Analysis and Interpretation II (for all students) 3
THEA 345 Dramatic Theory and Criticism 3
(for combined & majors)
THEA 351 History of the Theatre in Africa (for majors only) 3
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ELECTIVE COURSES
THEA 333 History of Drama and Theatre: European 1600-1820 3
THEA 335 Production Participation I 3
THEA 337 Introduction to Directing 3
THEA 341 Stagecraft 3
THEA 343 Fundamentals of Radio, TV, Film and Video 3
THEA 349 Voice and Speech 3
THEA 353 Writing for the Stage, Screen and Radio 3
SECOND SEMESTER
CORE COURSE
THEA 332 Play Analysis and Interpretation III 3
(for combined & majors)
THEA 334 Drama in African Societies (for all students) 3
THEA 354 Research Methods (for majors only) 3
ELECTIVE COURSES
THEA 336 Production Participation II 3
THEA 338 Theatre Management 3
THEA 342 Acting 3
THEA 344 Drama in Education: An Introduction 3
THEA 346 Costume and Make-up 3
THEA 348 Theatre for Development 3
THEA 352 Introduction to Period Style 3
THEA 356 African Film and Video 3
THEA 358 Dramatic Writing Laboratory 3
LEVEL 400
Major: Minimum 36 credits by the end of the year.
Combined: Minimum 18 credits by the end of the year.
FIRST SEMESTER
CORE COURSES
THEA 425 Production Participation III 3
THEA 433 African Performance Theories 3
THEA 439 Modern West African Drama 3
ELECTIVE COURSES
THEA 427 African-American Theatre 3
THEA 435 Effective Communication 3
THEA 437 Puppet Theatre 3
THEA 441 Shakespeare 3
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THEA 443 Legal and Ethical Issues in Arts Practice 3
THEA 445 Technical Theatre 3
THEA 447 Investigating Cyberspace 3
THEA 449 Film and other Arts 3
THEA 479 Arts Review and Criticism 3
SECOND SEMESTER
CORE COURSES
THEA 424 African Arts and Ideas 3
THEA 436 African Plays and Playwrights 3
ELECTIVE COURSES
THEA 426 Oriental Theatre 3
THEA 428 Media and Society 3
THEA 432 Production Participation IV 3
THEA 438 Production and Project Development 3
THEA 442 Events Production 3
THEA 446 Theatre and Tourism 3
THEA 448 Modern Western Drama 3
THEA 478 Theatre Techniques 3
THEA 482 Theatre Business 3
THEA 484 Drama Therapy 3
BACHELOR OF FINE ARTS (BFA)

PROGRAMME OF STUDY
Note: # denotes new course

First Semester
THEA 111 Literary Orientation to the Theatre 3
THEA 113 Theatre Workshop I 3
Courses from Dance Studies & Music 9-12
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Second Semester
THEA 112 Basics of the Living Theatre 3
THEA 114 Speech I 3
Courses from Dance Studies & Music 9-12

First Semester
THEA 213 History and Origins of Drama and Theatre 3
THEA 215 Theatre Workshop II 3
THEA 217 The Arts of the Theatre 3
Courses from either Dance Studies or Music 6-9
Second Semester
THEA 212 Play Analysis and Interpretation I 3
THEA 214 History of Medieval Theatre and Drama 3
THEA 218 Theatre Laboratory 3
Courses from either Dance Studies or Music 6-9
LEVEL 300
(Minimum of 36 credits by the end of the year)
FIRST SEMESTER
CORE COURSES
THEA 331 Play Analysis and Interpretation II 3
THEA 345 Dramatic Theory and Criticism 3
THEA 335 Production Participation I 3
THEA 351 History of Theatre in Africa 3
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ELECTIVE COURSES
THEA 333 History of Drama and Theatre: European 1600-1820 3
THEA 337 Introduction to Directing 3
THEA 343 Fundamentals of Radio, TV, Film and Video 3
THEA 353 Writing for the Stage, Screen and Radio 3
THEA 357 Graphics Design 3
THEA 359 Introduction to Lighting Design 3
THEA 361 Stage Management 3
THEA 363 Performance Practice I 3
THEA 365 Educational Drama I 3
THEA 367 Community Theatre I 3
THEA 369 Introduction to Costume Design 3
THEA 373 Theatre and African Cultural Heritage 3
THEA 375 Introduction to Set Design and Construction 3
SECOND SEMESTER
CORE COURSES
THEA 332 Play Analysis and Interpretation III 3
THEA 334 Drama in African Societies 3
THEA 336 Production Participation II 3
THEA 354 Research Methods 3
ELECTIVE COURSES
THEA 338 Theatre Management 3
THEA 352 Introduction to Period Style 3
THEA 356 African Film and Video 3
THEA 358 Dramatic Writing Laboratory 3
THEA 362 The Non-Fiction Film 3
THEA 364 Performance Practice II 3
THEA 366 Educational Drama II 3
THEA 368 Community Theatre II 3
THEA 372 Non-Script Directing 3
THEA 374 Digital Story Telling 3
THEA 376 Props Design and Construction 3
THEA 378 Sound Design: An Introduction 3
THEA 382 Introduction to Make-Up 3
LEVEL 400
(Minimum of 36 credits by the end of the year)
FIRST SEMESTER
CORE COURSES
THEA 425 Production Participation III 3
THEA 433 African Performance Theories 3
THEA 439 Modern West African Drama 3
THEA 477 Internship 3
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ELECTIVE COURSES
THEA 427 African-American Theatre 3
THEA 435 Effective Communication 3
THEA 437 Puppet Theatre 3
THEA 441 Shakespeare 3
THEA 443 Legal and Ethical Issues in Arts Practice 3
THEA 447 Investigating Cyberspace 3
THEA 449 Film and other Arts 3
THEA 453 Acting I 3
THEA 455 Theatre for Development I 3
THEA 457 Radio, TV, Film and Video I 3
THEA 459 Production Management 3
THEA 461 Directing I 3
THEA 463 Drama in Education I 3
THEA 465 Costume Design and Construction I 3
THEA 467 Stage Lighting I 3
THEA 469 Sound Design and Production 3
THEA 471 Scenic Design and Construction I 3
THEA 475 Dramatic Writing I 3
THEA 479 Arts Review and Criticism 3
SECOND SEMESTER
CORE COURSES
THEA 424 African Arts and Ideas 3
THEA 432 Production Participation IV 3
THEA 436 African Plays and Playwrights 3
ELECTIVE COURSES
THEA 426 Oriental Theatre 3
THEA 428 Media and Society 3
THEA 434 Stage Make-Up 3
THEA 442 Events Production 3
THEA 444 Special Effects Design and Production 3
THEA 446 Theatre and Tourism 3
THEA 448 Modern Western Drama 3
THEA 454 Acting II 3
THEA 456 Theatre for Development II 3
THEA 458 Radio, TV, Film and Video II 3
THEA 462 Directing II 3
THEA 464 Drama in Education II 3
THEA 466 Costume Design and Construction II 3
THEA 472 Scenic Design and Construction II 3
THEA 476 Dramatic Writing II 3
THEA 482 Theatre Business 3
THEA 484 Drama Therapy 3
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COURSE DESCRIPTIONS
THEA 111: Literary Orientation to the Theatre

This course covers introduction to literary terms and devices that constitute the basic ingredients
of dramatic theory and practice. Topics to be treated include: definition of drama, elements of
form and technique; structure of drama; plot, conflict, character, setting or background, technical
facilities and the use of aesthetic and intellectual values in theatre practice.
THEA 112: Basics of the Living Theatre

This is a basic exploration of theatre laboratory techniques; the living stage and its technology.
The course examines fundamental instructions in stagecraft, performers’ confidence building,
performance spaces evaluation and utilization. Students will study basic play text analysis and
criticism, performance review and undertake rudimentary practical exercises in stage usage and
movement.
THEA 113: Theatre Workshop I

This course covers beginning acting and introduces students to the principles, processes and skills
of acting for the stage. Students are taken through warm-ups, theatre games and basic acting
exercises. Other areas covered include: breath, alignment, basic voice work, improvisation, and
trusting impulses. Students are prepared for theatre audition through analysis and exploration of
monologues and journal writing.
THEA 114: Speech I

This is an introductory course in body, voice and speech for effective communication. Students
undertake exercises and practical applications in a variety of speaking contexts focusing on vocal
function, breath, resonance, articulation and coping with performance stress. Other issues to be
discussed include: stage fright, poise, stamina building and appropriate use of gestures.
THEA 212: Play Analysis and Interpretation I

Studies in techniques of analyzing plays and interpreting them for production or performance
based on prescribed texts. There is emphasis on plot structure, inherent stylistic devices, character
spines and their development in terms of dramatic action, and conflicts resolution. There is
exploration of intellectual, emotional, moral and aesthetic values through interpretative exercises.
THEA 213: History and Origins of Drama and Theatre

The course discusses theories of origins of Theatre, including those of ancient civilizations of
Egypt, Greece and Rome with a focus on theatre architecture. Additional topics for study include:
conventions and organization of theatre; the contributions of playwrights and the role of critics
such as Aristotle and Horace. There is also the study of significant play texts by Aeschylus,
Sophocles, Euripides Aristophanes, Seneca, Terence and Plautus.
THEA 214: History of Medieval Theatre and Drama

This course covers the Medieval Theatre: its rebirth from the early medieval church altar as a
Trope, through its full development into miracles, moralities, mysteries, or pageants performed
outside the church and managed jointly by the church, the cities and trade guilds. The study
further looks at medieval modes of performance and theatre organization; Renaissance Theatre
and its concept of Humanism as well as its main legacies of Neo-classicism; Commedia Dell’arte
and architectural and scenic innovations. Significant play texts such as Everyman, The Second
Shepherds’ Play and Le Cid are studied within their historical contexts.
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THEA 215: Theatre Workshop II
This course covers body motion, eye and facial behaviour, paralanguage, touch,
proxemics, physical characteristics, artifacts and environmental factors as they affect
communicative exchanges. It further examines nature, origin, and use of speech and
language in social, cultural, symbolic, and functional contexts; investigation and analysis
of discourse and behavioural effects; significance of communication competence.
THEA 217 The Arts of the Theatre

The course focuses on theatre space and practice, nature, scope, function and social role; the
varied but related branches, including live stage productions, film, television and radio. The
common denominator for the types: the varied and unique demands in acting, directing, design
and presentation. It also covers a study of the collaborative art of the theatre and its purpose, tools,
organization and modes of operation. Selected play texts as well as plays in performance, film and
other media will be studied.
THEA 218: Theatre Laboratory

This course offers students to undertake drills in both verbal and nonverbal exercises and
assorted theatre games leading to the development of improvisational skills in a
laboratory situation. Other basic skills development includes installation and control of
lighting and sound equipment, stagecraft and theatre marketing technique.
THEA 331: Play Analysis and Interpretation II

The course covers exploration through interpretative exercises in stage terms. It offers studies in
techniques of analyzing plays and interpreting them for production or performance with emphasis
on plot structure inherent stylistic devices and spine as they relate to character development in
dramatic action. Other topics include: basic conflicts and resolution, intellectual, emotional, moral
and aesthetic values. Selected texts are based on Greek classical, medieval and Elizabethan plays.
THEA 332: Play Analysis and Interpretation III

This is a follow-up course to THEA 331. There are more exercises offered based on plot structure,
inherent stylistic devices and spine as they relate to character development in dramatic action.
There is the study of African performance traditions as they inform written plays. The selected
texts for analysis are those by key African playwrights.
THEA 333: History of Drama and Theatre: European 1600-1820

This is a selective approach of the study of the history of the theatre of Europe from the
seventeenth to the nineteenth century. Topics include: history of the theatre of England from the
Restoration era to Sentimental Drama; the License Act of 1738 and the emergence of the
Actor/Manager, Theatre in France with focus on some notable playwrights, including Moliere; the
French Neo-classicism; theatre in Italy and Commedia Dell’arte; the German Theatre with some
emphasis on the Sturn-und-Drang Movement and its effects; the Golden Age of Spanish Theatre.
THEA 334: Drama in African Societies

An examination and critical analysis of some of the different types of theatres in traditional
African cultures, particularly with regard to the use of narrative, ceremonies, ritual dance,
possession, masks or masquerades, and their roles in religious, political and social contexts. The
course also covers the emergence of popular forms of theatre as a syncretism between the
traditional and the contemporary in an ever-changing African society.
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THEA 335: Production Participation I
This course is designed to offer students the opportunity to put into practice various theories
studied under the programme. Students are required to undertake varied assignments and roles in
productions directed by students and faculty in a semester. The course enables students to develop
discipline, creativity and sound working attitudes to the practical theatre profession. Though
students work as a team, they are individually assessed by an assigned faculty at the end of the
production process.
THEA 336: Production Participation II

production process.
THEA 337: Introduction to Directing

This course aims at preparing students in the study of play directing and introducing them
to key issues of directing text-based theatre. Students would be taken through basic
theories of directing and the directing process. Finally, students would be guided to
appreciate elements of theatrical design as directors. The class will combine lectures with
workshop, in which students’ findings would be discussed through group presentations.
The students test their skills through directing scenes from plays for assessment.
THEA 338: Theatre Management

The course focuses on the need to understand the script to establishing schedules, learning the
physical layout of the theatre, preparing for and coordinating rehearsals, checking on props and
scenic progress, supervising lighting, sound and scenery changes, running technical and dress
rehearsals, managing backstage activities during the show and closing the show at the end of its
run.
THEA 341: Stagecraft

This is an introductory course to the art of making, crafting and creating theatre visuals. It is
designed to give the theatre student a general knowledge of what goes on backstage during the
production process. It covers basic technical information concerning names of tools and materials
as well as construction techniques for flats, props as well as scene printing, rigging and striking of
sets.
THEA 342: Acting

This course investigates a variety of plays that require a heightened, non-naturalistic acting
treatment. There is a further engagement with exploring the physical and analytical demands of
some of these plays in relation to rhythm, emotion and text. The performer’s expression, style and
generated meaning are explored through improvisation and later demonstrated through the
developed site specific works.
THEA 343: Fundamentals of Radio, TV, Film and Video

The course investigates particularly aesthetic and basic technical principles of radio, television,
video and film. It will examine the form and structure of the moving image, the economies, both
cultural and monetary, of visual narratives, and their ability to reproduce in viewers the desire to
see more. It will further discuss television production principles, and effects of television viewing
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and consumption.
THEA 344: Drama in Education: An Introduction

This is an introductory course on the philosophy and techniques of the art of drama for children. It
emphasises the art of Drama as a way of living: the means of enjoying and enriching life through
experience. The course covers basic kinds of Child Drama: process orientated, derived from ‘child
play’, and characterized by its spontaneous, existential qualities of experience; performance-
oriented which is concerned with short-term activities that provide practice either in theatre, or in
living.
THEA 345: Dramatic Theory and Criticism

The course introduces students to analysis, evaluation and criticism of both the theories and
practice of Drama. Forms like tragedy, comedy, as well as realism, naturalism and other modes
would be subjected to critical examination for the purpose of grasping them. Materials for
criticism, analysis and evaluation include theatre and film productions.
THEA 346: Costume and Make-Up

An introductory study of costume and make-up design for the theatre. The course will cover a
panoramic view of historic costume; elements of design, fabric science, costume design and
construction processes; make-up and accessories. Additionally, special focus will be given to
African theatre costume and make-up for the performer in varied acts.
THEA 348: Theatre for Development

The course aims at exposing students to what development is in Africa and the elements and
characteristics of Theatre. It challenges students to undertake community research projects and
encourages community members to actively participate in the research process. The course equips
students with project management community-based research skills and strategies for promoting
community development.
THEA 349: Voice and Speech

The emphasis of this course is on character interpretation through voice and speech rhythms; the
voice complements the text in building reality of character and situation. It further covers
effective communication of English (General British – GBE) as a second language through the
study, practice and use of its appropriate features; the rhythm patterns of individual words; stress
timed rhythm that promotes ready intelligibility, and proper intonation conveying the shades of
meaning intended by the speaker.
THEA 351: History of Theatre in Africa

The course explores the evolution and diversity of theatre as it investigates major historical
periods or traditions in Africa. It is intended to deliver to the student an overall appreciation of the
development and significance of range of theatrical forms and styles. The course will examine
regional as well as national developments and their contributions to training and practice in theatre
in Africa.
THEA 352: Introduction to Period Style

The course engages students to do a survey of the periods from the Mesopotamian times to the
Gothic Period. This is carried out by investigating the literature, culture, architecture, arts and the
society itself, and connecting it with how these sectors contribute to the present world as well as
the theatre.
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THEA 353: Writing for the Stage, Screen and Radio
The course focuses on fundamental theories and techniques of writing for the stage, screen and
radio. It involves elementary exercises in observation and discussion of issues such as the
inception of the play, identification of theme, character development, dramatic situation and
simple techniques of plot construction. Students conceive and write short pieces for stage, screen
and radio for evaluation and assessment.
THEA 354: Research Methods

The course introduces students to the basics of research. The purpose of research and the process
of data collection and presentation, citation of works of related literature (the various formats and
sources) and the analysis and interpretation of data is part of the information students are required
to imbibe. The course also considers the basic approaches to research and the sources of
information available. It takes students through practical steps of research and shows them how to
write research proposals and reports.
THEA 356 African Film and Video

The course generally introduces the student to audio-visual elements and investigates particularly
aesthetic and basic technical principles of film and video with special focus on the survey of
development and practice of film and video on the continent. A study of regional as well key
national industries will be complimented by the viewing and critical discussing of selected works
by notable African filmmakers. The role of continental film festivals as well as film organizations
will be discussed.
THEA 357: Graphics Design

This course is meant to teach students the role of graphics in theatrical design and practice.
Students will study the use of computers and current design software like Photoshop to create
especially publicity materials for productions. Topics to be treated include: using scanners, image
manipulation, layering, compositing, rendering and printing.
THEA 358: Dramatic Writing Laboratory

The course examines the writer in a social context through theories and practice in dramatic
writing. Topics to be discussed include: sources of ideas, inception of dramatic writing, plot
proposition and development, character motivation, conflict, climax and other dramatic devices.
Students will discuss form and content as key elements in structuring a play. Several writing
exercises will be undertaken for assessment.
THEA 359: Introduction to Lighting Design

This course covers fundamental principles of lighting design consisting of class projects and
practical exercises in the light laboratory and theatre spaces. Topics to be treated include a survey
of current lighting equipment available to the professional designer; basic lighting design; colour
theory; continuing development of the design idea as it relates to dramatic text; and elements of
composition.
THEA 361: Stage Management

This course is expected to offer students a good general grounding in theatre production. It aims at
developing the skills of a stage manager in human resource management, budgeting, scheduling
and working closely with other theatre personnel to develop an overall understanding of
performance. It further equips the student to adapt to varied production setting, ranging from more
traditional theatres to large scale outdoor events. Students take on assigned roles in departmental
productions for assessment.
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THEA 362: The Non-Fiction Film
This course covers non-fiction film productions such as documentaries, news reportage, nature and
wildlife films, ethnographic films and reality television shows. It will examine the history and
development of the genre and conceptual issues underlying production. The course will involve
viewing and writing critiques on selected productions.
THEA 363: Performance Practice I

This course examines the human body and voice as artistic, creative tools for communication and
expression. The performer engages with formal and informal techniques in developing the actor’s
identity and role through play which is basically expressed through the actor’s voice, body
gestures and movements as a total sum of his/her responses. The course will take students through
the development of their own style.
THEA 364: Performance Practice II

This is a course in performing on radio, film and television. It will introduce the student to
microphone and camera technique as well as body language and movement. The course will run as
a workshop providing opportunities for students to rehearse, perform, and evaluate scenes
according to different production styles to which performers may need to adjust to. Issues to be
covered include physical awareness for actors, concentrating on warming up body, relaxation and
control.
THEA 365: Educational Drama I

The course focuses on the development of educational drama and the theories influencing its
growth. It examines the fundamental characteristics of drama and theatre as it is used in creative
dramatics in child education. Students undertake minor projects with school children in selected
schools under faculty supervision.
THEA 366: Educational Drama II

A follow-up course in which students explore further theories and technique as applied in
educational drama. Students devise theatre games that invoke sensory and cognitive elements for
use in projects involving teenagers in upper basic schools. Selected schools for visits may include
specialized ones for persons with disabilities and disorders.
THEA 367: Community Theatre I

This course covers basic theories and practice of community theatre. Students study communities
and issues mitigating their development to which theatre could be used as intervening tool.
Students learn project management skills, community-based research skills and strategies for
promoting community development. They will be required to undertake small groups projects
conceived and mounted under faculty supervision.
THEA 368: Community Theatre II

This is a follow-up course in the principles, theories and techniques in applied theatre where
students undertake community-based projects aimed at addressing social issues of interest to the
people. Students apply TfD techniques in conceiving and executing their individual projects under
faculty supervision. A project report is submitted for assessment.
THEA 369: Introduction to Costume Design

A study of the basics in costume design for the theatre with a focus on the panoramic view of
historic costume, elements of design, fabric science, costume design and construction, make-up
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and accessories. Students will be taken through workshops that offer the opportunity to
demonstrate the applications in costume in theatre practice.
THEA 372: Non-Script Directing

The course examines the director in a social context through the practice of improvised drama.
Topics to be discussed include: sources of ideas, plot proposition and development, character
motivation, conflict, climax and other dramatic devices. Students will discuss form and content as
key elements in structuring a play for directing to suit a unique purpose.
THEA 373: Theatre and African Cultural Heritage

This course focuses on the relationship between theatre and culture especially in the area of
cultural preservation. Students examine the issue of African heritage through theatre practice at
festivals, ritual ceremonies and social events. Lectures and screenings will compliment visits to
selected events and performances.
THEA 374: Digital Story Telling

The course covers dramatic story telling techniques for screen with emphasis on the use of images
and sound to enhance plot, mood and characterization. Image and sound manipulation in digital
production to achieve desired effects will be studied. Various techniques in vogue will be explored
in order to arrive at industry standards.
THEA 375: Introduction to Set Design and Construction

This is an introductory course in set design and construction with a focus on aesthetics and
traditions. Students undertake exercises in design rendering, drafting and modelling which enables
them to conceive and develop design concepts and ideas. Students work under supervision as set
construction assistants in departmental productions for assessment.
THEA 376: Props Design and Construction

This course covers theatrical props design and construction by seeking to equip students with the
requisite knowledge in the creative use of materials such as fabric, wood, paper-mache, foam,
clay, polystyrene, foil, in the making of moulds of objects. Students work on the props
requirement of departmental productions as practice.
THEA 378: Sound Design: An Introduction

This course covers basic principles of sound design consisting of class projects and practical
exercises in the sound laboratory and theatre spaces. Topics to be treated include a survey of
current sound recording and playback equipment available to the professional sound
designer/engineer; basic sound design; audio effects; music theory; continuing development of the
design idea as it relates to dramatic text; and elements of composition.
THEA 382: Introduction to Make-up

This is an introductory course which explores the basic art of make-up and its role in theatre and
screen production. Topics cover history, aesthetics, materials, and procedures of makeup.
Screening of movies featuring elaborate make-up and make-over will complement lectures and
tutorials. Students will undertake basic make-up exercises for assessment.
THEA 424: African Arts and Ideas

This course studies African arts as composite and collaborative form of ideas. It seeks to define
the various art forms as they function in the African society with special emphasis on points of
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departure and convergence. It will survey unique regional as well as national developments and
practice. Students will make presentations on varied assignments.
THEA 425: Production Participation III

production process.
THEA 426: Oriental Theatre

The course covers studies in representational forms of drama in Asia. Topics include: movement,
colour and use of symbolism in No and Kabuki Theatres of Japan; Chinese traditional
representational drama; theatre and ideology in Chinese Revolutionary Opera; Sanskrist and
Hindu Drama in India; Dance Theatres of Thailand, Bali and Burma.
THEA 427: African-American Theatre

The course introduces students to African-American literary traditions and dramatic heritage,
specifically from the Harlem Renaissance to the present. Students in this class will read, analyse
and discuss the works of playwrights such as Lorrain Hansberry, Langston Hughes, James
Baldwin, August Wilson, Amiri Baraka among others. Particular focus will be given to the
historical, political and socio-cultural factors that shaped these works and how they articulate the
collective struggles, resistance and aspirations of African-Americans.
THEA 428: Media and Society

The course will study the role and function of the Media in Ghana and elsewhere, the effects and
impact of the mass media, and the media as agents of democracy and development. Analysis of the
relationship of electronic and print media in Ghana to the Ghanaian society through the
examination of a wide range of material: news, current affairs, documentary, drama, situation
comedy, features, editorials, etc. will be carried out.
THEA 432: Production Participation IV

production process.
THEA 433 African Performance Theories

The course examines the performing arts in traditional and contemporary African societies: ritual
and religious beginning, social contexts, types and functions. The fusion of drama, music and
dance as “total theatre”, though existing separately, depends on purpose and circumstances. Topics
to be treated include: folk-drama, ritual performances, festivals, dance drama, performance-music
and choreography. The course further discusses the use of space, structure and form of traditional
African performances.
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THEA 434: Stage Make-up
This course covers advanced study in the theories and principles of theatrical make-up. It will
examine planning the make-up and relating it to the character; applying the various types such as
the corrective or the non-realistic. Students study the creation of artificial wounds, swellings,
beards, moustaches, bald and other hair types.
THEA 435: Effective Communication

The course seeks to consolidate the work done in speech training. There is revision of theory
governing the features of the target variety of English and practice in their use; dictionary use for
checking pronunciation; the use of stress timed rhythm and effective focusing to convey message
in the different types of utterances: statements, questions, commands and interjections.
Communication skills that enhance performance, audience awareness, self-involvement and
spontaneity is imparted.
THEA 436: African Plays and Playwrights

A study of selected African playwrights and their works, representing broadly the regions of the
continent, with attention to their production philosophies or working methods, their target
audiences; social, economic or political concerns; characterization, use of language, spectacle, plot
structure and other dramatic devices. The course aims at equipping students with the analytical
tools for critiquing African plays. The scope of critical exercise may be widened to include
relevant ongoing staff and student productions.
THEA 437 Puppet Theatre

This course is structured to explore various puppetry styles as they apply in theatre practice.
Puppets will be made and students will be given tools to apply to any inanimate object or puppet
to bring it to life. There will be an exploration into the essence of movement and how to transfer it,
to give the illusion of life to anything. The course culminates in an exhibition by students for
assessment.
THEA 438 Production and Project Development

This course takes the form of a simulated event which starts from the conceptualization to the
completion of a particular project. It is a practical course that exposes students to independent
research, self-determination, designer vision and practical application of current trends in fulfilling
the task. The student works under close faculty supervision in executing the planned project.
THEA 439 Modern West African Drama
This course covers the study of West African plays and playwrights. It examines the writers’
social background, concepts of theatre and the factors that influenced their works. The course will
take a critical look at select plays with the aim of discovering major concerns and relevance for
readers and audiences. Issues of style, language and other features will be examined.
THEA 441 Shakespeare

This course introduces students, regardless of their background, to the treatment of plays and
theatre of Shakespeare. Emphasis is on the detailed treatment of Shakespearian works and its
relevance to contemporary 21st Century Ghana and Africa. It explores the range and variety of
interpretations of the plays, both in critical writings and in performance.
THEA 442: Events Production

This course provides an overview of the variety of special events, festivals, celebrations and
activities and the types of organizations that produce and present them. It examines management
practices, including how events are designed, funded, staffed and promoted. The course examines
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human congregational activities as self-expression and creation of culture and community.
Students are involved in events taking place both on campus and off-campus.
THEA 443: Legal and Ethical Issues in Arts Practice

The course focuses on legal aspects of the arts and entertainment industry. It examines business
realities of industry, with focus on techniques for analysing behaviour, making strategic decisions,
and overcoming obstacles to achieving results as producer, writer, performer or director. It further
surveys a range of contracts involved in productions, including literary submission and option
agreements, artist employment, director employment, writer collaboration agreements, co-
production agreements, music rights license and negotiation strategies. Topics include intellectual
property and proprietary rights, project development and production, talent, guilds, distribution
and financing.
THEA 444: Special Effects Design and Production

This is a course in motion graphics and visual effects design for theatre, film, video and television.
Areas to be covered include pre-visualizing, titling, matting, rotoscoping and compositing using
industry-standard software application. A study of selected science fiction and horror movies
depicting unique visual special effects will be screened for discussion. Students work in small
groups on projects for assessment.
THEA 445 Technical Theatre

The course is expected to develop in students the technical skills for the theatre. Issues to be
discussed include creative costume, set and props design; sound and light design and operations
and production management. Students also undergo training in theatre safety, facilities and
equipment usage and maintenance through assigned roles in productions.
THEA 446: Theatre and Tourism

This course is designed for students to have an understanding and appreciation of how theatre
facilitates tourism to promote national growth. It creates the platform for students to generate
effective ways of inculcating theatrical elements in harnessing tourism. Issues to be examined
include management of cultural sites and artefacts; historical and indigenous performances;
cultural policies.
THEA 447: Investigating Cyberspace

This course examines the cyberspace through the use of computers in multimedia design,
production and distribution. The course will explore the creative aspects of the World Wide Web
as used for personal and collective expressions; the use of smart phones, tablets and digital
hardware in various life situations; social media applications. The course will further investigate
the impact of cyber technology on the society.
THEA 448: Modern Western Drama

This course examines the social and artistic conditions that led to the birth of modern western
drama in the late 19th and 20th centuries. It traces lines of development and influences that build
traditions of Realism, Naturalism, Expressionism, etc during the period. It further looks at the
‘revolt’ against realistic and naturalistic theatre starting with Brecht’s Epic Theatre, the Theatre of
the Absurd and some Avant Garde theatre practitioners. Selected plays of the period will be
studied.
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THEA 449: Film and other Arts
The course examines the interrelationships between film and fine arts, performing arts and
literature, with emphasis on ways these other arts have influenced film. It also discusses how film
has affected the understanding of these arts in modern times. It will further examine the composite
nature of film as encompassing these other arts in production. Selected hybrid creative productions
involving several art forms will be discussed.
THEA 453: Acting I

This course will break down all the areas in which students can work and search for realities in
themselves which serve the character, narrative and the stage or screen performance. It will put
their instincts and sense of truth, their understanding of human realities to use; development of
specific and real actions, communication of artistic statement, and will discuss topics such as: the
actor, the object exercises, the scenario and the role.
THEA 454: Acting II

This follow-up course covers unarmed combats like falls, rolls, flips, punches, kicks and blocks as
required in stunts in stage and screen productions. Students also study dialects and accents in
language as used in character portrayals. The course further covers realistic usage and handling of
props by the actor. Students will undertake variety of roles in productions for assessment.
THEA 455: Theatre for Development I

This advanced course in the theories and practice of theatre for development (TfD) covers project
concept development, scripting, casting, rehearsals and production. Students will be required to
select communities with identifiable issues mitigating development to which theatre could be used
as intervening tool. Preliminary visits and investigations will be put in a report for assessment.
THEA 456: Theatre for Development II

In this follow-up course students will design a TfD project to execute based on the preliminary
study conducted. Key issues like ethics, customary law and practices will be discussed. Equipped
with project management skills, community-based research skills and strategies for promoting
community development, students will undertake individual projects conceived and mounted
under faculty supervision.
THEA 457: Radio, TV, Film and Video I
This is a course designed to advance the knowledge and skills of students in understanding the
concept, design and production of digital audio/video works. It builds upon the fundamentals
acquired at Level 300 by including further studies in history, research, aesthetics and their
applications to practice. Students conceive and direct small group creative pieces under
supervision for assessment. The class also visits selected media houses to get acquaintance with
media business practice.
THEA 458: Radio, TV, Film and Video II

This is a follow-up course in which students discuss selected theories as they underscore technique
in practice. Organised fieldtrips help students develop screenplays for their individual short movie
projects. They undertake shooting on locations, manage cast and crew and go through post-
production, all in developing professional movie making experience. Students screen projects are
publicly exhibited followed by oral presentations questions from viewers are addressed.
THEA 459: Production Management

This course covers the creative, organizational and managerial function of the producer in a media
production. Topics to be covered include finance, fund-raising, budgeting, distribution, copyrights,
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negotiating contracts, recruiting crew, location scouting, managing properties,setting up and
managing an edit room; planning and carrying out cost-effective on-line editing, sound mixing,
colour correction and titling sessions for accurate and on-time project delivery; managing
production cast and crew in both studio and location set-up.
THEA 461: Directing I

This course on advanced directing focuses on the key elements that enter into the collective art of
theatre; from script to the actor and the requisite training; from styles of production to the routine
but essential matter of organizing the production company. Students will discuss various
motivations for selecting plays for directing and undertake short class exercises in scene study.
THEA 462: Directing II

As a follow-up course, students will examine the central emphasis in directing a script from start
to finish; the interpretation of the script by the director and his cast as well as the issue of style and
form. Students select, cast and direct full-length plays under faculty supervision and submit
prompt books for assessment.
THEA 463: Drama in Education I

This is an advanced course in the development of educational drama and the major theories that
have influenced its growth and practice. It will examine the fundamental characteristics of already
familiar activities like “drama” and “theatre” and to recognize a third activity – creative dramatics,
comprising elements from each in varying degrees.
THEA 464: Drama in Education II

In this follow-up course, students will go through the process of playmaking as aid to educational
pedagogy especially for basic school. Students study the educational curriculum and effective
methods of teaching. Students conceive and design projects in creative dramatics to be executed in
selected schools within the city under faculty supervision.
THEA 465: Costume Design, Construction and History I

The course seeks to equip students with advanced knowledge and skills in theatre costume design
and construction. It covers theory, technique and practical application of the principles of costume
design. Topics to be treated include: costume history, colour theory, mass, line, proportion and
emphasis. Students examine the distinction between costume and fashion.
THEA 466: Costume Design, Construction and History II

In this follow-up course, students learn to analysis and interpret plays, develop character sketches
and conduct clothing research. Students study advanced rendering techniques in designing stage
costumes and the use of local materials in theatrical productions. Students undertake individual
practical assignments in costuming a production in the department under faculty supervision.
THEA 467: Stage Lighting I

This course is designed to provide the student with advanced knowledge about stage lighting.
Students will study key theories underlying lighting design needed to grasp the technical
challenges in the area. Topics to be treated include history of lighting design; colour theory;
lighting different types of performances; plotting light cues for production and special effects.
THEA 469: Sound Design and Production

The focus of this course is on sound and audio in acoustic, audio, and digital domain. It covers
practice of techniques for recording, editing, and creating soundscapes. It further explores sound
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design for productions and techniques for mixing, reinforcement, and signal processing. Topics
include use of delay, equalization, and microphone placement for sound reinforcement. Students
also study the creation of sound effects, control of MIDI data and design techniques for musical
film and theatre.
THEA 471: Scenic Design and Construction I

This advanced course focuses on the development of design concepts and ideas for theatrical
productions. It covers studio sessions of water-colour renderings, drafting of ground plans and
elevations. It further examines the use of orthographic, isometric, cabinet, oblique, sectional, detail
and working drawing, painting including backdrops and use of scales-models and other
techniques.
THEA 472: Scenic Design and Construction II

Following from the previous semester, students will be taken through two and three-dimensional
construction of units of sets, rigging and striking. Stage props construction will also be covered.
Students will examine the challenges posed by different stages for the set designer. Students will
be assigned work on departmental productions and submit project reports detailing work done for
assessment.
THEA 475: Dramatic Writing I

This is advanced course dramatic writing covering aspects such as, structure, action, conflict and
resolution. Students will analyse selected written scripts (both screenplays and stage plays) in
order to discover unique techniques and styles of popular professional writers. They will also
examine some other scripts to discuss identifiable problems in dramatic writing for the
inexperienced.
THEA 476: Dramatic Writing II

In this follow-up course, students will study the theories underlying dramatic writing and examine
selected works demonstrating them strongly. Through screenings, workshops and discussions
students acquire the needed skills and knowledge to meet the challenges of current writing
demands. Students will develop their own original dramatic works under faculty supervision. Final
assessment will involve script testing through reading or staging.
THEA 477: Internship

This is a course designed to create opportunities for the student to learn through practice by
working in positions in a professional theatre organization/facility that creates and presents, to the
public, works in the theatre arts. Students will be required to submit written reports to their faculty
supervisors. The department will also receive report from assigned workplace supervisor on the
professional conduct of the student.
THEA 478 Theatre Techniques

This course aims at equipping students with the technical knowledge and skills required for
theatrical production. Students explore the fundamentals of the various technical areas but
concentrate on one for in-depth study. While carrying out various assigned responsibilities in
departmental productions, students will be required to produce a report based on investigations
carried out in the area of concentration.
THEA 479: Arts Review and Criticism

This course covers the analysis of social, cultural, literary and moral issues in the arts with critical
examination of it as sources of information, propaganda, and entertainment. Selected theatre
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productions and other arts products such as films, radio and television programmes will be
analysed within the context in which they were produced. Students will be required to write short
critiques in addition to a full semester essay on an approved topic for assessment.
THEA 482: Theatre Business

The course covers the study of the business of theatre and theatrical organizations in contemporary
period. Students examine the importance of various aspects of a viable theatrical organization
including: the mission statement, incorporation and non-profit status, control boards, funding
sources, and strategies. They further study arts administration, accounting practices, front of house
procedures, marketing and publicity.
THEA 484: Drama Therapy

The healing and therapeutic aspects of theatre and drama using drama therapy are explored under
this course. Key topics to be treated include the role of play in child development; types of play
and major techniques in drama therapy and their relationships to play and performance.
Combining theory, technique and practice, students train with real life situations under faculty
supervision.
DEPARTMENT OF DANCE STUDIES

INTRODUCTION
The Department of Dance Studies offer s programmes in African dance and related fields. Four-
year programmes lead to either a Bachelor of Arts degree, or a Bachelor of Fine Arts degree.
PROGRAMME STRUCTURE
BA LEVEL 100
First Semester
DANC 119 Dance Forms of Africa 3
Other Subjects 2 Courses from 2 other assigned Departments 6
Second Semester
DANC 112 Introduction to Traditional Dance 3
Other Subjects 2 Courses from 2 other assigned Departments 6
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BA LEVEL 200
First Semester
DANC 221 Introduction to Dance Cultures of the World 2
DANC 223 Orientation to Dance Theatre 2
DANC 225 Practical Dance I 3
Other Subjects 2 Courses from the other assigned Departments 6
Note: Students to choose UGRC 210 or UGRC 220-238(3 credits)
Second Semester
DANC 222 Introduction to Movement Analysis and Notation 2
DANC 224 Practical Dance II 3
Other Subjects 2 Courses from the other assigned Department 6
BA LEVEL 300
SINGLE MAJOR: A Dance Major student is required to take all the core courses and
the prescribed electives to obtain a minimum of 24 credits by the end of the year.
COMBINED MAJOR: A student who wishes to offer a Combined Major is required to

take a minimum of 15 credits of core courses.
MINOR: A BA student, offering Dance as a Minor is required to take 3 credits a

semester to obtain 6 credits by the end of the year.
First Semester
Course Code Core Courses (9 Credits) Credits
DANC 331 Anatomy and Physiology for the Dancer 3
DANC 333 Introduction to Dance Composition 3
DANC 335 African Dance Performance 3
Any ONE elective Course (3 credits)
DANC 337 Intermediate Dance Technique I 3
DANC 339 Traditional Songs I 3
DANC 341 Traditional Drumming I 3
DANC 347 Stage Craft 3
DANC 343 Intermediate Labanotation I 3
DANC 345 Lighting Design for Dance assigned Department 3
Other Subjects Any ONE Course from the other 3
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Second Semester
Course Code Core Courses (6 credits) Credits
DANC 330 Production Participation 3
DANC 332 Historical and Comparative Dance Studies 3
Any TWO elective course
DANC 336 African Dance Performance (Prescribed Elective) 3
DANC 338 Intermediate Composition 3
DANC 342 Traditional Song II 3
DANC 334 Music for Dance 3
DANC 352 Theatre Management 3
DANC 344 Intermediate Dance Technique 3
DANC 354 Costume and Make-Up 3
Other Subjects Any ONE Course from the other assigned 3
Department
BA LEVEL 400
SINGLE MAJOR: A student intending to major in Dance is required to take all core courses and
the prescribed electives to obtain at least 30 credits by the end of the year.
COMBINED MAJOR: A student who wishes to offer a Combined Major is required to take 12
credits of core courses and a minimum of 3 credits of electives in consultation with the academic
advisor to obtain a minimum of 15 credits by the end of the year.
First Semester
Course Code Core Courses Credits
DANC 441 Dance Aesthetics and Criticism 3
DANC 455 Dance Performance Laboratory I 3
Elective Course
DANC 443 Advanced Dance Technique I (Prescribed elective) 3
DANC 449 Dance Ritual and Art 3
DANC 451 Advanced African Traditional Song I 2
DANC 455 Advanced Traditional Drumming I 2
THEA 465 Costume Design and Construction History 3
Department
Second Semester
DANC 442 Dance in Education 3
DANC 446 Dance Performance Laboratory II 3
Elective Course
DANC 444 Advanced African Traditional Song II 6
DANC 448 Advanced Dance Technique II 3
DANC 450 Production Participation (Prescribed elective) 4
DANC 460 Choreography 6
DANC 470 Community Project 6
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DANC 480 Special Dance Study 6
DANC 490 Advanced Labanotation 6
Department
B.F.A. LEVEL 100

First Semester
UGRC 130 Science and Technology in Our Lives 3
DANC 113 Introduction to Practicals I 3
DANC 119 Dance Forms of Africa 3
Second Semester
UGRC 130 Science and Technology in our Lives 3
DANC 116 Introduction to Practical II 3
B.F.A. LEVEL 200

First Semester
DANC 221 Introduction to Dance Cultures of the World 2
DANC 227 Dance Technique I 3
DANC 229 Traditional Dance I 3
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Second Semester
DANC 222 Introduction to Movement Analysis and Notation 2
DANC 226 Traditional Dance II 3
DANC 228 Dance Technique II 3
B.F.A. LEVEL 300

SINGLE MAJOR: A Dance Major student is required to take core courses and the prescribed
electives to obtain minimum of 30 credits by the end of the year.
COMBINED MAJOR: A student who wishes to offer Combined Major is required to take a
minimum of 18 credits of core courses
MINOR: A BFA student, offering Dance as Minor is required to take 3 credits a semester to
obtain 6 credits by the end of the year.
First Semester
DANC 331 Anatomy and Physiology for the Dancer 3
DANC 333 Introduction to Dance Composition 3
DANC 337 Intermediate Dance Technique I 3
DANC 335 African Dance Performance (Prescribed elective) 3
DANC 339 Traditional Songs I 2
DANC 341 Traditional Drumming I 2
DANC 347 Stage Craft 3
DANC 343 Intermediate Labanotation I 3
DANC 345 Lighting Design for Dance 3
Department
Second Semester
DANC 330 Production Participation 3
DANC 332 Historical and Comparative Dance Studies 3
DANC 336 African Traditional Dance 3
Any TWO elective courses
DANC 334 Music for Dance 3
DANC 338 Intermediate Composition 3
DANC 342 Traditional Song II 2
DANC 344 Intermediate Dance Technique II (Prescribed 3
elective)
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DANC 346 Intermediate Labanotation II 3
DANC 354 Costume/Make-up 3
DANC 348 Traditional Drumming II 2
Department
B.F.A. LEVEL 400

SINGLE MAJOR: A student intending to major in Dance is required to take all core courses and
the prescribed electives to obtain at least 33 credits by the end of the year.
COMBINED MAJOR: A student who wishes to offer Combined Major is required to take 12
credits of core courses and a minimum of 3 credits of elective in consultation with the academic
advisor to obtain a minimum of 18 credits by the end of the year.
First Semester
DANC 441 Dance Aesthetic and Criticism 3
DANC 445 Dance Performance Laboratory I (Prescribed 3
elective)
Elective Course
DANC 443 Advanced Dance Technique I 3
DANC 449 Dance Ritual and Art 3
DANC 451 Advanced African Traditional Song I 2
THEA 465 Costume Design and Construction Costume 3
History

Department
Minimum Credits Required
Second Semester
DANC 442 Dance in Education 3
DANC 446 Dance Performance Laboratory II 3
DANC 450 Production Participation (Prescribed elective) 6
Elective Course
DANC 444 Advanced African Traditional Song II 6
DANC 448 Advanced Dance Technique II (Prescribed 3
elective)
DANC 452 Instrumental and Vocal Technique 3
THEA 466 Costume Design and Construction Costume 3
History
DANC 460 Choreography 6
DANC 470 Community Project 6
DANC 480 Special Dance Study 6
DANC 490 Advanced Labanotation II 6
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Other Subjects Any ONE Course from the other assigned
Department
Course Descriptions
DANC 112: INTRODUCTION TO TRADITIONAL DANCE

This is a practical course which introduces students to the dances, music and cultures of Ghana.
The class is devoted to learning indigenous Ghanaian dances and songs as well as their historical
and cultural contexts. Students will work closely with the instructor and drummers to gain an
understanding of the marriage between dance and music in the Ghanaian dance tradition. Students
will further explore the history and culture of Ghana, through dance productions and written
assignments.
DANC 113: INTRODUCTION TO PRACTICAL AFRICAN DANCE 1

This is a combination of selected traditional African dance and dance movement technique. It
involves training in basic technical skills of African dance, with emphasis on body awareness,
placement, flexibility and improvisation etc
DANC 116: INTRODUCTION TO PRACTICAL AFRICAN DANCE 11.

This is a continuation of selected traditional African dance. The course also places emphasis on
movement technique body awareness, placement, flexibility and improvisation etc.
DANC 119: DANCE FORMS OF AFRICA

This course introduces students to some selected African traditional dance forms and their set up.
Students will study the context of performance and any other related issues.
DANC 221: Introduction to Dance Cultures of the World

A survey of dance forms practiced by peoples throughout the world. Dance in world cultures
towards a definition; categories of dance – Ethnic, Folk, Court, Ballroom/Social, Pop Dance,
Professional/Theatre, Classical and Art Dance; types of movements; forms of presentation; use of
Costume, props and make-up.
DANC 222: Introduction to Movement Analysis/Notation

Introduction to rhythm notation, Labanotation signs and symbols. Approach to movement
notation and variation in steps, turns and gestures. Signs reading technique and movement
recording/notation and dictation.
DANC 223: Orientation to Dance Theatre

Forms of Dance expression in the theatre: (i) Dance expression which focuses on communication
through the dynamics of movement and symbolic gestures. (ii) Dance expression based on story
line, plot and characterization.
DANC 224: Practical Dance II

Continuation of studies in DANC 205.
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DANC 225 PRACTICALS.
This course is designed as a continuation of the Bachelor of Arts level 100 programme. It is a
combination of African movement technique and selected Ghanaian traditional dances. Training is
on basic technical skills of African dance with emphasis on body awareness, placement, flexibility
and improvisation.
DANC 226: Traditional Dance II

Learning of additional traditional Dances
DANC 227: Dance Technique I

Further training in basic technical skills of African dance with more emphasis on body awareness,
placement, flexibility and some improvisation.
DANC 228: Dance Technique II

Further work on exercises taught in the First Semester.
DANC 229: Traditional Dance I

Study of selected traditional Ghanaian dances.
DANC 330: Production Participation (year long)

To develop discipline, creativity and sound working attitudes, students are assigned varied roles in
dance productions – performances, choreography stage management, design and construction,
costume, props and make-up, lighting and sound effects.
DANC 331: Anatomy and Physiology for the Dancer

Principles affecting the physiological and anatomical structures of the human body and dance
laboratory application of these principles to body alignment, placement and dynamic posture for
dancers.
DANC 332: Historical and Comparative Dance Studies

Historical events and their influence on the development of dance forms and styles in African
societies. A comparative study of selected African dances from the Caribbean, Americas, Europe
and the Far East. Illustrated with video recordings.
DANC 333: Introduction to Dance Composition

A study of the craftsmanship involved in choreography. Student learns to explore movement
qualities, textures and the dance elements – design in space and time, force, rhythm and form;
development of skills in structuring dance; movement studies.
DANC 334: Music for Dance

Analysis of musical forms and resources for the dance. Various approaches to the correlation
between rhythm and focal points in music and movement. Formal design of music for dance
presentation.
DANC 335: African Dance Performance I

Building of a repertory of selected dance forms from Africa.
DANC 336: African Dance Performance II

Continuation of dances taught in the First Semester.
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DANC 337: Intermediate Dance Technique I
Exercises in movement techniques covering African, Afro-Caribbean and modern dance, leading
to presentation of text assignments.
DANC 338: Intermediate Composition

Studies in the techniques of dance presentation – dramatic projection; experimentation with
various types of music setting, voice, spoken word; appreciation and use of movement for
expression, effects of lighting, costume, decor, props and make-up.
DANC 339: Traditional Songs I

Students will learn to sing selected folk songs.
DANC 341: Traditional Drumming I

Students may choose to learn to play the basic rhythm of the supporting drums in a particular
drum and the master drum.
DANC 342: Traditional Songs II

Continuation of what was taught in the First Semester.
DANC 343: Intermediate Labanotation I

Labanotation: Signs and symbols: Defined areas and identified movement notation, flexion,
contraction and space measurement.
DANC 344: Intermediate Dance Technique II

DANC 345: Lighting Design for Dance

The theory and practice of lighting as a medium of artistic communication in dance. A study of
controllable qualities of light as well as lenses, lamps, lighting instrument, cables and connectors.
The lighting design process: creating and connectors. The lighting design process: creating the
visual image with light, through the use of colour, lighting key and plot. Laboratory sessions of
lighting design examples, rehearsals and performance procedures.
DANC 346: Intermediate Labanotation II

Intermediate notation of limbs, parts of the torso and tilting; Notation of movement phrases,
sentences and identifiable movements.
DANC 348: Traditional Drumming II

Continuation of what was taught in the First Semester.
DANC 352 Theatre Management

A general survey of the principles of management and application to the performing arts,
particularly in community and educational establishment; budgeting and production, preparation;
planning, organization and perfomances; problems of box office and house management,
advertising, publicity, public relations, staffing and personnel; organizing limited tours.
THEA 341: Stage Craft

A study of the theatre, its stage and equipment and the organization of the personnel. An
overview of two and three dimensional scenery as well as stagecraft tools and stage hardware.
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Familiarity with stage symbols, culminating in drafting assignments of ground plans and front and
rear elevations.
THEA 346: Costume and Make up

Costume History: (i) A selective survey of the history of costumes from the Egyptian to the
present. Costume Design: (ii) Costume Design approaches: elements of design, colour and
fabrics as visual means of communicating through movement or dance. A laboratory session of
sketches culminating in full rendering of costumes for student productions. Costume Construction
(iii) A series of laboratory sessions on pattern development and cutting. The construction of basic
garments for the stage.
DANC 441: Dance Aesthetics and Criticism

Dance in relation to African value systems – communication of moral, social and aesthetic values
through dance. The nature and elements of African dance. The dancer, choreographer and
audience. The role of the dance critic in African society. A critical study of prescribed
choreographic works and reviews of selected literature on African Dance.
DANC 442: Dance in Education

The role of dance and its use in the development of curriculum material. The training of the
dancer. The dancer as a teacher. Dance as foundation for cultural studies. Graduated approach to
acquisition of dance skills.
DANC 443: Advance Dance Technique I

Development and use of African Dance Vocabulary. Advanced exercises in movement techniques
covering African, Afro-Caribbean, modern, jazz, etc. and leading to presentation of text
assignments.
DANC 444: Advanced African Traditional Songs II

Continuation of work started in the First Semester.
DANC 445: Dance Performance Laboratory I

Study of African dances. Emphasis on performance skills. Students will be required to study and
perform selected traditional African dances in both their authentic and recreated forms to public
view.
DANC 446: Dance Performance Laboratory II

Continuation of dances taught in the First Semester.
DANC 447 Theatre Management

A survey of principles of professional dance management including: training, planning, funding,
production, and packaging as well as the organization of performers and production staff. The
course will also look into challenges of programming and general organization of professional
touring with particular reference to African Dance Companies.
DANC 448: Advanced Dance Technique II

DANC 449: Dance Ritual and Art

The inter-relationship of ritual art and dance in Africa. Gesture, mime and movement in ritual and
ceremony; types of ritual, their significance and those who perform them; time and venue; the
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important role of visual arts, particularly the mask, headdress, costume, regalia and paraphernalia
of office, stools, combs, basketry and leather works in the dance; the mask – variety and style;
complexities of underlying myths, legends, and stories.
DANC 450: Production Participation (year long)

Students are assigned specific roles in departmental productions.
DANC 451: Advanced African Traditional Songs I

Students will be taught traditional songs selected from different areas of Africa.
DANC 452: African Instrumental Music Performance and Songs

Follow studies in playing of selected drum rhythms, xylophone rhythms, Atenteben (flute) etc. and
Songs. Students will also learn to play the master drum of particular musical types.
DANC 453: Advanced Labanotation I

Learning to notate some simple African dances.
DANC 460: Choreography

Students will be required to compose and present to the public an original group work and solo of
not less than 45 minutes.
DANC 470: Community Project

Students will be expected to work with a group in the community teaching traditional dances re-
arranged by the student and a choreographed piece that might be his/hers or not, ending in a
performance. Not less than three dances must be taught.
DANC 480: Special Dance Study

Dance Majors may select one of the following projects. Permission for a particular project is
granted by the Dance staff. Students and supervisors meet weekly to view works in progress and
to discuss relevant academic and practical/artistic problems.
(a) Dance Composition: Students will be required to compose and present an original work
of not less than 15 minutes to the public. Pre-requisites: DANC 333
or
(b) Long Essay: Students will be required to present a thesis of about 30 pages on an aspect
of dance in traditional or contemporary African society. The Essay should include
notation of basic dance movements of the dance and some illustrative examples. Pre-
requisite: DANC 221/DANC 222.
(c) Dance Notation: Student will be required to notate the basic movements and Analyse
some traditional African Dances selected by the student. Pre-requisites: DANC
224/DANC 338.
DANC 490: Advanced Labanotation II

Continuation of work started in the First Semester
THEA 465: Costume Design and Construction Costume History

The theory and practice of theatre costumes, application of principles of design such as colour
theory, mass, line proportion and emphasis. Laboratory sessions of costume design; patterning,
cutting and practical construction. The study also focuses on selected topics in costume history of
the world. There is an application acquired skills to actual performances.
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THEA 466: Costume Design And Construction Costume History
Continuation of the theory and practice of theatre costumes, application of principles of design
such as colour theory, mass, line proportion and emphasis. Laboratory sessions of costume design;
patterning, cutting and practical construction. The study also focuses on selected topics in costume
history of the world. There is an application acquired skills to actual performances.
DEPARTMENT OF MUSIC
The Department of Music has been running three undergraduate degree programmes namely:
Bachelor of Music (for music majors), Bachelor of Arts (for students combing Music and another
subject), and Bachelor of Fine Arts (for students combining Music and either Dance or Theater
Arts. The Department provides a broad backgroung and grounding in music arts, with particular
attention to performance (practicals), Harmony and Counterpoint, which are essential to
Composition, and the art of critical thinking in music.
The four-year degree programme proposes a maximum work-load of 12-138 credits, that is, an
average of 15-18 credits per semester.
The study programme in the Department will comprise of:

a) General University required courses (UGRC codes)
b) Core courses required by the Department, and
c) Elective courses
LEVEL 100 – COURSES

FIRST SEMESTER
*UGRC110 Academic Writing 1 3
*UGRC120 Numeracy Skills 3
*UGRC141-146 Science and Technology in Our Lives 3
*UGRC150 Critical Thinking and Practical Reasoning 3
MUSC 131 Introduction to Music 2
MUSC 133 Practicals and Ensemble I 1
2 Courses from 2 other Departments 6
*Note: Students to choose any 2 UGRC courses (6 credits)
SECOND SEMESTER
*UGRC110 Academic Writing 1 3
*UGRC120 Numeracy Skills 3
* UGRC141-146 Science and Technology in Our Lives 3
*UGRC150 Critical Thinking and Practical Reasoning 3
MUSC 132 Introduction to harmony and Part-Writing 2
MUSC 134 Practicals and Ensemble II 1
2 Courses from 2 other Departments 6
*Note: Students to choose any 2 UGRC courses (6 credits)
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LEVEL 200 COURSES
FIRST SEMESTER
*UGRC210 Academic Writing II 3
*UGRC 220-238 Introduction to African Studies 3
MUSC 231 Harmony and Counterpoint I 2
MUSC 233 Practical and Ensemble III 2
MUSC 235 Musicianship I 2
2 courses from other assigned Department 6
Minimum credits required 15
* Note: Students to choose either UGRC course (3 credits)
SECOND SEMESTER
*UGRC210 Academic Writing II 3
MUSC 232 Harmony and Counterpoint II 2
MUSC 234 Practical and Ensemble IV 2
MUSC 236 Musicianship II 2
2 courses from other assigned Department 6
* Note: Students to choose either UGRC course (3 credits)
LEVEL 300 COURSES

FIRST SEMESTER
CORE COURSES
MUSC 335 History of Music of the Baroque and Classical Periods. 2
MUSC 337 Contemporary Music of Ghana. 2
MUSC 355 Music in African Cultures 2
ELECTIVE COURSES
MUSC 331* Harmony and Counterpoint III 3
MUSC 333* Practical and Ensemble V 2
MUSC 339 The Orchestra and Orchestral Techniques. 3
MUSC 341 Music of West and Central Africa. 3
MUSC 343 Introduction to Music Studio. 3
MUSC 345 Musical Cultures of the World. 3
MUSC 347 Ghanaian Popular Music 3
MUSC 349 Musical Form and Analysis I 3
MUSC 351 Research Methods 3
* Compulsory for Music Major students.
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SECOND SEMESTER
CORE COURSES
MUSC 336 History of Music of the Romantic Period 2
MUSC 338 Traditional Music in Ghana. 2
ELECTIVE COURSES
MUSC 332* Harmony and Counterpoint IV 3
MUSC 334* Practicals and Ensemble IV 2
MUSC 342* Orchestration I 3
MUSC 344 Music of Southern Africa. 3
MUSC 346 Process of Art 3
MUSC 348 African Popular Music 3
MUSC 352* Composition I 3
LEVEL 400 COURSES

FIRST SEMESTER
CORE COURSES
MUSC430* Long Essay/Composition/Recital 6
MUSC 437 Musical Traditions of the African Diaspora 3
ELECTIVE COURSES
MUSC 431* Harmony and Counterpoint V 3
MUSC 433* Practicals and Ensemble 2
MUSC435 Form and Analysis II 3
MUSC 439 Music Studio 3
MUSC 441 Choral Repertoire and Directing. 3
MUSC443 Orchestration 3
MUSC445* Composition II 3
SECOND SEMESTER
CORE COURSES
MUSC430 Long Essay/Composition/Recital 6
MUSC 442 Introduction to Musicology 3
ELECTIVE COURSES
MUSC 432* Harmony and Counterpoint VI 3
MUSC 434* Practicals and Ensemble 2
MUSC 436 Music of East Africa 3
MUSC 438 Music of North Africa 3
MUSC 444 History of Music of the Twentieth Century 3
* Compulsory for Music majors
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COURSE DESCRIPTIONS
BA/BFA Level 100
MUSC 131: Introduction to Music

Musical Sound (pitch: duration, intensity, tone colour) Musical Relationship (Melody, rhythm,
harmony, and tonal relationship) Musical organization (texture, structure, and musical style)
Performing media (Musical instruments and ensembles), Staff Notation, Basic Rhythms, Intervals,
Time Signatures, Key Signatures, Seales, Transposition, Basic Chord Progression, Primary Triads
in root position, inversion and cadences.
MUSC 132: Introduction to Harmony and Part Writing

(18th and 19th Century Common Practice) Diatonic triads in major and minor keys and their
inversions, the chord of the Dominant 7 th and 9th, figured Bass, modulations, (Pivot Chord) Non-
Harmonic tones.
MUSC 133: Practical and Ensemble I

Progressive individual and instrumental instructions ranging from elementary to advanced. It
covers the study of Western and African musical instruments and voice.
MUSC 134: Practical and Ensemble II

covers the study of Western and African mus8cal instruments and voice.
BA/BFA LEVEL 200
MUSC 231: Harmony and Counterpoint I

Secondary Functions, Modulations using diatonic common chords. Some more modulatory
techniques. Mode mixture, Neapolitan Harmony, Augmented Sixth chords, Enharmonic spelling
and Modulation. Further elements of Harmonic vocabulary.
MUSC 232: Harmony and Counterpoint II

Advanced form of secondary functions, modulations using diatonic common chords, some more
modulatory techniques, mode mixture. Neapolitan Harmony, augmented sixth chords, enharmonic
spelling and modulations, further elements of the Harmonic vocabulary.
MUSC 233: Practical and Ensemble III

covers the study of Western and African musical instruments and voice
MUSC 234: Practical and Ensemble IV

covers the study of Western and African musical instruments and voice.
MUSC 235: Musicianship I

The course covers the following domains:
 Aural skills: Recognitions of major and minor scales, Chords and Intervals.
 Reading skills: Sight reading simple rhythmic and melodic materials (Western and
African).
Writing Skills: Rhythm, harmonic and melodic dictation
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MUSC 236: Musicianship II
The course covers the following domains:
 Aural Skills: Recognition of major and minor scales, Chords and Intervals.
 Reading Skills: Sight reading simple rhythmic and melodic materials (Western and
African).
 Writing Skills: rhythm, harmonic and melodic dictation.
B.Mus./BA/BFA LEVEL 300
MUSC 331: Harmony and Counterpoint III

Study and Analysis of J. S. Bach’s two-part and three part inventions. Quick review of favorite
examples of 18th century contrapuntal writing. Elementary two-part writing and with imitation.
Three and Four-part contrapuntal writing. Invertible counterpoint.
MUSC 332: Harmony and Counterpoint IV

Fugue: Basics: Writing contrapuntal textures in the 18 th century styles: imitation, invertible
counterpoint, subject and answer, counter subject. Exposition of the fugue: the complete fugue,
development writing of episodes, inversions, augmentation, diminution stretto devices.
MUSC 333: Practical and Ensemble V

Continued individual instrumental instruction. A higher level of study is required.
MUSC 334: Practical and Ensemble VI

Continued individual instrumental instruction. A higher level of study is required.
MUSC 335: History of Music of the Baroque and Classical Periods

Principal forms, their rise and developments: Opera, the Masque, the Chorale, the Oratorio
(including the Cantata); Occasional Music. Baroque instrumental music; the Thorough Bass;
Handel and Bach; Classical period – Transition and break with Baroque. The sons of Bach,
Mozart and contemporaries. The Symphony; Chamber music; The Concerto.
MUSC 336: History of Music of the Romantic Period

Social foundations of Western Romanticism. Heritage of Romantic composers and performers.
Precursors to Romanticism in Western music. Prevailing course of development in the period:
orchestral, structural and architectonic developments in Opera, symphonic music and song form.
Selected composers: Berloiz, Schumann, Schubert, Wagner, Verdi and Brahms.
MUSC 337: Contemporary Music in Ghana

The course is designed to introduce students to the development and current state of Ghanaian art
music, neo-traditional and popular music.
MUSC 338: Traditional Music in Ghana

Context of traditional music making in Ghana. Performing groups and their music/social
organization of traditional music. Recruitment and training of traditional musicians. Instrumental
resources of Ghanaian traditional music. Students will watch video tapes and listen to audio
cassette recordings of music and dance with emphasis on performance and its organization.
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MUSC 339: The Orchestra and Orchestral Techniques
Recognition of instruments, traditional roles, ranges and capabilities. Scoring for Strings,
Woodwinds, Brass, Percussion and Voice. The Orchestra: the Western Orchestra: past and
present, the instruments of the Western orchestra: Strings, Woodwinds, Brass, Keyboard and
Percussion instruments. Orchestral music; Conducting and conductors. Orchestral techniques:
Listening to programmes with strategic exercises to rest students’ grasp of illustrated principles of
orchestration. Aspects covered will include: texture, intersectional blends, balance, influence of
dynamics and selection of instruments. Selections will cover Baroque, classical, Romantic and
20th century models. Critical reviews of ensembles of African instruments.
MUSC 341: Music of West and Central Africa

West and Central Africa as geo-cultural areas and the concept of musical cultures. Historical
background of music in West and central Africa. Interaction of musical traditions in the pre-
colonial period. A survey of the musical practices with particular reference to musical
forms/styles, instruments and aesthetics and the relationship of music to its culture. Contemporary
trends in West and Central African Music.
MUSC 342: Orchestration I

The Small Orchestra: Scoring for Brass and Percussion. The full orchestra tutii Re-arrangement of
music for various sets of transposing instruments including African Instruments,. Reducing
orchestral scores for the Piano. The full Orchestra: Advanced scoring for a full orchestra. This
includes African ensemble.
MUSC 343: Introduction to Music Studio

The uses of analog and digital recording devices, special signal processing and digital and analog
mixing.
MUSC 344: Music of Southern Africa

Southern Africa as a geo-cultural area and the concept of musical cultures. Historical background
of music in Southern Africa. A survey of the music practices with particular reference to musical
trends in Southern Africa music.
MUSC 345: Musical Cultures of the World

Stylistic characteristics of music in major geo-cultural regions of the world, illustrated through
selected recordings, performance organization, musical instruments, concepts of aesthetics, artistic
and philosophical values. Survey will include Africa. Native America, Black America, Caribbean,
South America, Eastern Europe, South India, Indonesia, china and Japan.
MUSC 346: Process of Art

Exploration of elements, forms, expressions, functions, meaning and production of music in its
socio-cultural context. It includes an outreach programme that involves obtaining experience in
the field of work, discovering potential career opportunities in the music field, and writing out the
findings in a professionally made report.
MUSC 347: Ghanaian Popular Music

Evolution and development of Ghanaian Popular Music and performance since the 19 th century to
the present. Impact of traditional and imported performance norms.
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MUSIC 348: African Popular Music
General introduction to the popular music of Sub-Saharan Africa: popular music in terms of
stylistic areas; relation of popular music to traditional performance and modernization.
MUSC 349: Musical Form and Analysis I

Analytical study of form and structure of musical types in Western and African music. An
examination of the different musical elements: melody, rhythm, texture and harmony.
MUSC 351: Research Methods

Students are taken through the process of researching areas and topics in music and musical
traditions and history including the collection of data, sources, technology, methodology, process
of evaluation and assessment, references and bibliography, research proposal and report writing,
recordings and transcriptions.
MUSC 352: Composition I

The course is designed to introduce students to the art and craft of composition. Resources will be
drawn from students’ knowledge and competencies in harmony and counterpoint, and form and
analysis. Students will be expected to compose in the styles of the common practice period.
MUSC 355: Music in African Cultures

The social context of African music; general characteristics of style. Devices and procedures of
music organization. Instrumental resources. Techniques and devices of music organization in
Africa: tonal and rhythmic procedures: instrumental resources Structural organization and
analysis of selected musical types.
B.Mus/BA/BFA LEVEL 400
CORE
MUSC 430: Long Essay/Composition
Students have the opportunity to write a long essay on a chosen subject matter and theme in
music, or create an original composition for presentation at a major concert.
MUSC 442: Introduction to Musicology

This course introduces the student to musicology and its branches namely; Historical Musicology,
Systematic Musicology, and Ethnomusicology. It also introduces the student to comparative
musicology, which is gaining more ground in current musicological thought or thinking.
ELECTIVES
MUSC 430: Long Essay/Composition
Students have the opportunity to write a long essay on a chosen subject matter and theme in music
or create an original composition for presentation at a major concert.
MUSC 431: Harmony and Counterpoint V

A study of basic compositional skills in diverse instrumental and vocal combinations in the
African idiom Fugue: Writing contrapuntal textures in the 18 th century style imitation, invertible
counterpoint, subject and answer. Countersubject. Exposition of a fugue; the complete fugue
Development: Writing of episodes, inversion, augmentation, diminution, stretto devices, canon
Fugue with not more than two subjects.
200
MUSC 432: Harmony and Counterpoint VI
A study of advanced compositional skills in diverse instrumental and vocal combinations in the
African idiom. Fugue: Writing contrapuntal textures in the 18 th century style: imitation, invertible
counterpoint, subject and answer. Countersubject. Exposition of a fugue: the complete fugue
Development: Writing of episodes, inversion, augmentation, diminution, stretto devices, canon
Fugue with not more than two subjects.
MUSC 433: Practical and Ensemble VII

Continued instrumental study. Commanding performance level shall be the goal of the student at
this stage of study. And to present a public recital for assessment lasting not less than twenty
minutes.
Focus on ensemble directing. Students are given the opportunity to perform key leadership roles in
performance and directing experience.
MUSC 434: Practicals and Ensemble VIII

Continued instrumental study. Commanding performance level shall be the goal of the student at
this stage of study, as well as presenting a public recital for assessment lasting not less than twenty
minutes.
The Focus will be on ensemble directing. Students are given the opportunity to perform key
leadership roles in performance and directing experience.
MUSC 435: Musical Form and Analysis II

Advanced structural analysis: The form, tonal structure and thematic-motivic structure of Western
and African Music will be analysed.
MUSC 436: Music of East Africa

East Africa as a geo-cultural area and the concept of musical cultures. Historical background of
music in East Africa. A survey of the music practices with particular reference to musical
trends in East Africa music.
MUSC 437: Musical Traditions of the African Diaspora

The musical heritage of the African-Americans: Blues, Spirituals, Gospel, Ragtime and Jazz;
Caribbean and Latin American Music. Popular (calypso, skar, reggae, soca, etc.). Religious (cult)
and other music genres. Retentions and reinterpretation. Early and contemporary African-
American composers and performers.
MUSC 438: Music of North Africa

North Africa as a geo-cultural area and the concept of musical cultures. Historical background of
music in North Africa. A survey of the music practices with particular reference to musical
trends in North Africa music.
MUSC 439: Music Studio

Music sequencing. General concepts Tracks/channels, assigning instruments, data input, time
signatures, tempo/tempo change quantizing, loops and editing. Students will realize two midi
composition projects.
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MUSC 441: Choral Repertoire and Directing
Techniques and interpretation through the preparation of western and African choral composition
repertoires.
MUSC 442: Introduction to Musicology

This course introduces the student to musicology and its branches namely: Historical Musicology,
Systematic Musicology, and Ethnomusicology. It also introduces the student to comparative
musicology which is gaining more ground in current musicological thought and thinking.
MUSIC 443: Orchestration II

The Small Orchestra: Scoring for Brass and Percussion. The full orchestra tutti; Re-arrangement
of music for various sets of transposing instruments including African Instruments. The full
orchestra. Advanced scoring for a full orchestra. This includes African Ensembles. Expanding a
piano or choral score for the full orchestra.
MUSC 444: History of Music of the Twentieth Century

The course introduces the student to developments in music of the twentieth century. It gives an
overview of the most important tendencies and trends of new music in the twentieth century with
historical and aesthetic detail. It also focuses on analysis of reference works which have had an
impact on composers up to the present day. Topics to be covered include: secundal, tertial, and
quartal harmony, Dodecaphony, Microtonal, Minimal and Aleatory music. Analytical studies of
various styles of African composers in the 20th century will be included.
MUSC 445: Composition II

Harmonic textures in not more than six voices using both diatonic and chromatic harmony.
Writing for strings, woodwinds, brass instruments and the piano. Piano accompaniment. Setting
words to music. Unaccompanied choral composition including text-tone relationship in African
music. Detailed knowledge and understanding of music theories contained in music treatises and
other writings by such theorists as Rameau, Helmholtz, Schenker, Hindemith, Stravinsky, Meyer,
Amu and Nketia. Student’s original composition(s) required.
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SCHOOL OF ARTS
DEPARTMENT OF ARCHAEOLGY AND HERITAGE STUDIES
INTRODUCTION
The Department of Archaeology and Heritage Studies, the first Department of Archaeology in
Sub-Saharan Africa, was established in 1951. Until 1963, except for short courses given once a
year to the students of the History Department, it functioned as a research department. In 2008 the
department incorporate heritage studies in its programmes, increasing the number of programmes
run to three, include three graduate programmes and one undergraduate programme. Currently, the
only undergraduate programme run by the department is the Bachelor of Arts programme in
Archaeology. To support teaching and research in the department the Museum of Archaeology and
the Leventis Foundation Center in the department were established. In addition to theoretical
training students in the department are provided with practical methodological skills; thus
requiring students to engage in field activities in each academic year. The areas of specialization in
the department include core archaeology, heritage studies, applied archaeology, visual
anthropology, rituals and religion, and cultural anthropology. The department has a teaching
Faculty of 16 for both the Legon and City Campuses, with 9 supporting staff.
LEVEL 100
First Semester
CODE COURSE TITLE CREDITS
UGRC 110/120 Academic Writing I or Numeracy Skills 3
UGRC 141-146/150 Science and Technology in Our Lives or Critical 3
Thinking
ARCH 111 Approaches to the Study of the Past 3
2 Courses from 2 other assigned Departments 6
Total Credits 15
Second Semester
UGRC 110/120 Academic Writing I or Numeracy Skills 3
UGRC 141-146/150 Science and Technology in Our Lives or Critical 3
Thinking
ARCH 112 Archaeology and the African Cultural Heritage 3
Total Credits 15
LEVEL 200
First Semester
Numeracy/Liberal and African Studies 3
ARCH 211 Fundamentals of Archaeological Science 3
ARCH 213 Human Origins and Cultural Foundations in Africa 3
Total Credits 15
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Second Semester
Numeracy/Liberal and African Studies 3
ARCH 212 Foundations of Old and New World Civilizations 3
ARCH 214 Early Civilizations of Africa 3
Total Credits 15
LEVEL 300 (ARCHAEOLOGY MAJOR/COMBINED)

An Archaeology major student will take ALL THREE core courses and TWO elective courses
for each semester.
An Archaeology combined major student will take a total of three core courses namely ARCH
323 (Method & Theory of Archaeology), ARCH 325 (Foragers and Farmers in West Africa’s
Prehistory) and ARCH 322 (Archaeology of West Africa: 500 B.C.-AD 1950 for the year, and
any TWO elective courses ONE from each semester .
An Archaeology minor student must take ARCH 323 (Method and Theory of Archaeology) for
the first semester and ARCH 322 (Archaeology of West Africa: 500 BC – AD 1950) for the
second semester
First Semester
CODE THREE Core Courses (9 credits) CREDIT
ARCH 321 Archaeology & the Natural Environment 3
ARCH 323 Method and Theory of Archaeology 3
ARCH 325 Foragers and Farmers in West Africa’s Prehistory 3
Any ONE Elective Course (3)
ARCH 327 Introduction to Theories of Culture 3
ARCH 329 Archaeology & Tourism in Ghana 3
ARCH 331 Art History of Ghana 3
ARCH 333 Introduction to Physical Anthropology
Any ONE Course from the other assigned 3
subjects/Department
TOTAL CREDITS 15
Second Semester
CODE THREE Core Courses (9 credits) CREDIT
ARCH 322 Archaeology of West Africa: 500 BC – AD 1950 3
ARCH 324 Ethno-Archaeology of Africa 3
ARCH 326 Public Policy & Heritage Management in Ghana 3
Any ONE Elective Course (3 credits)
ARCH 328 Archaeology, Anthropology & Cultural Evolution 3
ARCH 330 Introduction to Human Osteology & forensic Anthropology 3
TOTAL CREDITS 15
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LEVEL 400
An Archaeology Major student must take FOUR core courses (TWO for each semester), and at
least FOUR ELECTIVE courses (at least TWO for each semester) plus ARCH 410 (Long Essay)
in the year.
A Combined Major Archaeology student who does not enroll for ARCH 410 (Long Essay) must
take a total of THREE CORE courses including ARCH 421 (Archeological Field Methods and
Techniques) and ARCH 422 (Post field Laboratory Analysis) for the year, and TWO ELECTIVE
courses, one for each semester (15 credits).
A Combined Major Archaeology student who enrolls for ARCH 410 (Long Essay) must take in
addition ARCH 421 (Archeological Field Methods and Techniques) and ARCH 422 (Post field
Laboratory Analysis) and any ONE elective course (15 credits).
First Semester
CODE Core Courses CREDIT
*ARCH 421 Archaeological Field Methods & Techniques 3
*ARCH 423 Ethnographic Field Methods 3
Elective Courses
ARCH 425 Information Technology in Cultural & Heritage 3
Studies
ARCH 427 Cross-Cultural Contacts & Historical Archaeology of 3
Africa
ARCH 429 Archaeology of the African Diaspora 3
ARCH 431 Introduction to Museum Studies 3
ARCH 433 Palaeo-Historical Demography of Africa 3
ARCH 435 Landscape Archaeology 3
ARCH 437 Zoo-Archaeology 3
Second Semester
CODE Core Courses CREDIT
ARCH 422 Post-Field Laboratory Analysis 3
ARCH 424 Cultural Resource Management in Ghana 3
Elective Courses
ARCH 426 Monument Conservation 3
ARCH 428 Human Diversity, Peace and Conflict Management 3
ARCH 410 Long Essay 6
ARCH 432 Gender in Archaeology 3
ARCH 434 Popular Culture in Ghana 3
ARCH 436 Introduction to Economic Anthropology 3
*These courses will also be taken in a six-week field school during the long vacation. The
students will be required to contribute towards the cost of academic facilities.
An Archaeology Major student will need a minimum of 63 credits to graduate.
An Archaeology Combined Major student will need a minimum of 48 credits to graduate.
An Archaeology Minor student will need a minimum of 24 credits to graduate.
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COURSE OUTLINES
LEVEL 100 COURSES

All level 100 Bachelor of Arts students must take all of the following courses:
ARCH 111: Approaches to the Study of the Past

This course is an overview of Archaeology as a field of study that builds bridges with other sub-
fields of Anthropology, such as Physical Anthropology, Cultural Anthropology, Linguistic
Anthropology, Archaeology and Applied Anthropology as ways in understanding past and
contemporary cultures. Topics include method and theory, aims and goals of Archaeology.
ARCH 112: Archaeology and the African Cultural Heritage

The course examines the role archaeology plays in our understanding of the rich African cultural
heritage. Emphasis is placed on Archaeological, historical and the ethnographic evidence and
topics include a definition of the African cultural heritage, the role of Archaeology in
understanding the past societies of early man and the beginnings of cultural diversity in Africa,
development of farming and sedentary life-styles; growth of cities; arts and crafts; early trade
patterns; traditional institutions; cultural practices and heritage resources.
LEVEL 200 COURSES
ARCH 211: Fundamentals of Archaeological Science

The course outlines the framework within which archaeologists work, and also examines the
methods, goals and theoretical concepts used in accomplishing the task of reconstructing and
explaining past behaviour patterns. It deals with the nature, origins and growth of Archaeology;
Archaeological cultures and contexts; categories of archaeological evidence; formation and
transformation of sites; site survey, excavation; dating methods, reconstruction, description,
analysis, and interpretation of material culture.
ARCH 212: Foundations of Old and New World Civilizations

The course will guide the student to understand the evolution of human beings, and the spread of
early peoples across Africa, Europe, Asia, the Americas and Australia. It will deal with
environmental, demographic, technological, economic and other changes by which people turned
from foraging to food-production. Factors that led to the development of the world’s earliest
“civilizations” in the Near East, Meso-America, Egypt, the Indus Valley and China will be
examined.
ARCH 213: Human Origins and Cultural Foundations in Africa

The course traces bio-cultural and social developments in Africa from the earliest times, including
the beginnings of domestication and settled life. Hominid sites and the Stone Age sequence in
Africa, the ecology of early human forms, prehistoric art of Africa, including symbolism, will be
examined.
ARCH 214: Early Civilizations of Africa

The course will examine the environmental, social and cultural dynamics that led to urbanism and
other aspects of cultural transformation in Africa before the advent of European colonialism. Topics
include concepts of civilization, civilization of Africa, including those of the Nile Valley, the Horn of
Africa, the Western Sudan, Zimbabwe, the Inland Niger Delta and the West African Rainforest. The
role of the peripheries in the development of these centres will be looked at.
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LEVEL 300 COURSES
ARCH 321: Archaeology and the Natural Environment

This course deals with the interaction between people and their ever-changing environment. It is
aimed at making cultural behaviour intelligible by relating it to the physical world in which it
develops. Topics include human settlement behaviour, patterns of exploiting and conserving the
environment, and the influence of the environment on the archaeological record.
ARCH 322: Archaeology of West Africa: 500 B.C. – A.D. 1950

The course will enable the student to understand the inception of present-day complex societies of
West Africa and how they evolved, and their vicissitudes in the period 500 B.C. to A.D. 1950.
Themes include general characteristics of West African societies in the Iron Age, origins of copper
and iron technology and their effects on local societies, megalith and tumuli sites of the Western
Sudan, urbanism, and trade networks and contacts in West Africa.
ARCH 323: Method and Theory of Archaeology

The course will guide the students to have a clear understanding of the nature and purpose of
Archaeology. Through formal lectures, group presentations and class discussions, students will
learn specific methods and strategies archaeologists employ to gather, classify, analyze, interpret
and present data. Key concepts and theoretical perspectives which influence archaeological
enquiry will be studied. By the end of the course, the students should know how to conduct
research and to write a decent report.
ARCH 324: Ethno-Archaeology of Africa

The course will guide the student to understand what ethno-archaeology is, and to acquire skills,
which would enable her or him to practice it. Following a general discussion of its background,
the student will be introduced to key concepts, theories, methods and techniques of the field.
Lectures will be combined with class discussions of specific case studies, and the student will
have the opportunity to test her or his knowledge in the field.
In addition, the student will be guided to conduct an independent research and prepare a report.
ARCH 325: Foragers and Farmers in West Africa’s Prehistory

The course covers the origins and development of various groups of people and their lifestyles
during prehistoric times in West Africa against the background of a changing natural environment.
Themes include hunter-gatherer and food-producing economies, prehistoric stone technology, and
prehistoric crafts and arts. Students will learn about indigenous farming systems, and the use of
paleontology, geomorphology, and various dating schemes that pertain to archaeological research in
West Africa.
ARCH 326: Public Policy and Heritage Management in Ghana

The course will train the student to be able to examine how public policy impacts upon the
preservation of archaeological and historical resources. The student will learn about world
perspectives of heritage management; and about how to review legislation (national and
international), protective and planning procedures that influence the preservation, conservation and
illicit trafficking of cultural objects.
ARCH 327: Introduction to Theories of Culture

The course is aimed at providing the student with different perspectives of what culture is. Various
definitions and theories of culture, including theories that explain spatial and temporal
transformations of culture will be discussed. Examples will be drawn from Ghana and other
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countries in Africa and beyond to enable the student to understand culture from a global
perspective.
ARCH 328: Archaeology, Anthropology and Cultural Evolution

The course examines culture as a concept, and the evolution of culture in time and space from
anthropological and archaeological perspectives. It will guide the student to gain insights into the
history and evolution of languages, and the variables that influence the transformation of culture in
various regions.
ARCH 329: Archaeology and Tourism in Ghana

This course will help students to understand the “tourist culture” and its effect on the hosts and the
environment. It will involve studies of tourism and its role in acculturation, modernization, and
economic development. Tourism will be analyzed as a cultural phenomenon with complex meanings
for both host and guest societies. Issues of cultural and artistic authenticity, identity production and
marketing, and modification of both the tourist and the toured areas will be addressed. The student
will be trained to package archaeological resources and the historic environment for tourism
purposes, and will be encouraged to develop class projects, which will offer her or him the
opportunity to develop research skills in the ethnographic study of tourism.
ARCH 330: Introduction to Human Osteology and Forensic Anthropology

The course focuses on the human skeletal morphology, and on the study of physical evidence as a
means to resolving issues involving criminal investigations, environment analyses and assessment.
The student will learn how to identify skeletal remains, both whole and fragmentary, how to
estimate age, sex, ancestry, and stature of an individual using laboratory and imaging techniques.
ARCH 331: Art History of Ghana

The course focuses on the character and meaning of art works in Ghana over the period 2000 B.C.
to the present. Lectures cover topics such as the development of art history as a discipline, artist,
and art. Regional case studies of prehistoric, historic and contemporary art in Ghana, as well as
continuity and change in art through time and space will also be addressed.
ARCH 333: Introduction to Physical Anthropology

This course is a survey of human evolution, variation and adaptation. Knowledge about human
beings as biological organisms is integrated with human ways of life for a bio-cultural approach to
human evolution. The student will learn about human and non-human primates, human heredity,
and variability of modern populations and fossil records of early hominids and hominoids. The
course will enable the student to think critically about human evolution and diversity, and to link
the view of the past to the present conditions of human species.
LEVEL 400 COURSES
*ARCH 421: Archaeological Field Methods and Techniques

The course involves the participation of the student in actual fieldwork over a six-week period.
While in the field, the student will learn and practice various methods and techniques which
Archaeologists employ to gather primary data. Practical work will be combined with formal lectures
and seminars. In addition to living under and experiencing actual conditions of field research, the
student will train in archaeological field survey, which will include excavation. She or he will also
train in data processing, recording, analysis, and interpretation, and in packing and shipping of
collections.
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ARCH 422: Post-field Laboratory Analysis
The course is a continuation of ARCH 401. It deals with post-field processing, preservation,
conservation, cataloguing, packaging and storage of data. The student will be trained in methods
of classification and analyses of data in an off-field laboratory.
*ARCH 423: Ethnographic Field Methods

The course involves the participation of the student in actual fieldwork over a six-week period.
While in the field, the student will learn and practice various methods and techniques, which
ethnographers employ to gather primary data. Practical work will be combined with formal lectures
and seminars. In addition to living under and experiencing actual conditions of field research, the
student will train in ethnographic and other anthropological field survey, which will include the
collection of oral accounts. She or he will also train in data processing, recording, analysis, and
interpretation, and in photography and videography.
ARCH 424: Cultural Resource Management in Ghana

The course deals with public policy and efforts to preserve and protect archaeological and historical
sites and resources and examines topics such as the public and archaeology, value and destruction of
archaeological resources, looting of, and illicit traffic in cultural resources, the International trade in
art, the politics of cultural resource management, International conventions and local laws on the
protection of archaeological and historical heritage; relationships between archaeological research,
restoration, preservation, presentation of cultural resources and tourism; major archaeological sites
and monuments in Ghana; environmental impact assessment; and the restoration projects of Cape
Coast and Elmina Castles.
ARCH 425: Information Technology in Cultural & Heritage Studies

In this course, the student will be trained in the use of computers and other digital equipment with
which archaeologists gather, record, classify and analyse data. They will specifically train in the
use of the internet as a research tool, and how to use the computer to digitize data, to produce
maps, and to undertake desktop and website publishing as well as digital exhibition.
*These courses will also be taken in a six-week field school during the long vacation. The
students will be required to contribute towards the course of academic facilities.
ARCH 426: Monument Conservation

This course involves analysis of the values of sites with monuments; mutual relationships between
Archaeological research, tourism, presentation, restoration and maintenance; causes of damage;
international conventions and local laws concerning the protection of archaeological heritage;
methods of research, restoration and presentation.
ARCH 427: Cross-Cultural Contacts and Historical Archaeology of Africa

This course provides insights into cross-cultural contacts and historical archaeology in Africa. The
student will be guided to understand how cross-cultural contacts have influenced the evolution and
development of various traits of the contemporary culture of Africans. He or she will be taught
how to use oral, archival and other written data, as well as historical linguistics as adjuncts to the
archaeological record and in the interpretation of the cultural heritage of Africa for purposes of
social and economic development.
ARCH 428: Human Diversity, Peace and Conflict Management

The course deals with variability in human biology and culture on the basis of available
archaeological and ethnographic evidence. The concepts of ethnicity, pluralism, conflict, peace, and
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settlement patterns will be defined. Examples will be drawn from selected groups of people to
enable the student to understand and appreciate how variations and similarities in cultures have been
engendered by environmental changes, and by human-made events such as the quest for resources,
slavery, colonization trends, commerce and religious activity. Indigenous conflict management
strategies of the selected groups, as well as commonalities in the cultures of different groups, which
could foster harmony and peaceful coexistence will also be studied.
ARCH 429: Archaeology of the African Diaspora

The course will examine the nature, history and culture of the African Diaspora as found on the
African continent, Europe, the Americas and elsewhere. Among key issues on which the course will
focus are variability, continuity and change in the cultures of different groups of Diasporan Africans,
and relationships that are found between major environmental challenges as well as historical events
such as the Islamic Jihads, Trans-Saharan Trade, the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade, colonialism, and
Plantation Slavery in West Africa and the relocation and redistribution of African populations in
Africa.
ARCH 410: Long Essay

This course will require the student to undertake independent field research and prepare, with
adequate supervision by a Senior Member, a Long Essay of not more than 8000 words (excluding
appendices, photographic plates, maps, drawings and bibliography) on a topic of his or her choice.
The topic must be chosen with the guidance of a supervisor, and approved by a meeting of Senior
Members of the Department. It may cover any aspect of Ghanaian culture history, archaeology and
ethnography.
ARCH 431: Introduction to Museum Studies

The course will introduce the student to the long-term conservation and management of cultural
materials in a museum setting. Topics include processing procedures in conservation, restoration,
long-term storage, laboratory maintenance, cataloguing procedures and the management and
administration of museum collections.
ARCH 432: Gender in Archaeology

The course will examine the concept and theories of gender in relation to the Archaeological
record. It will train students to understand relationships that are found between gender and the use
of space and material culture; technology and gender; food systems and gender; and images and
gender relations. Various Examples in gender studies in Archaeology will be discussed critically.
ARCH 433: Palaeo – Historical Demography of Africa

The course provides data on the development of human population in Africa from the Palaeolithic to
the modern era, and deals with the methods and theories of research, distribution patterns of African
prehistoric and historic populations, demographic variables of societal changes, demographic results
of social, economic and cultural innovations in the last 300 years; multi-disciplinary approach in
demographic enquiry and archaeological research designing for probing demographic patterns of a
site complex.
ARCH 434: Popular Culture in Ghana

The course examines the influence of global processes, including industrialization, capitalist
expansion, transformational migration, environmental change, and international tourism on the
life-ways of Ghanaians. The nature, origin, meaning and effects of specific trends and patterns of
communication, and behaviour related to the performing arts, religion, funerals, and fashion,
among others, on the construction of identities will be identified and analyzed critically.
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ARCH 435: Landscape Archaeology
This course is designed to introduce students to the concept of landscape and a range of
Archaeological landscape methods and techniques. It will examine how indigenous practices
interacted with the physical environment to shape the landscape over time. Also of interest are the
Muslim and European encounters and their impact on the landscapes across Ghana.
ARCH 436: Introduction to Economic Anthropology

In this course, economics will be seen as an integral part of ‘culture’. Students will be guided to
study and understand specific issues that pertain to the social and cultural context within which
economic activities are pursued particularly in sub-Sahara Africa. Relationships that are found
between systems of production and distribution and the promotion of unity, peace and harmony
among African societies will be defined and discussed. Attention will also be paid to specific
relationships that are found between global economic systems and social formation processes,
settlement, population growth, environment, consumption, and religion of indigenous peoples,
among others. Student projects that investigate the culture of various work environments and
markets in both rural and urban settings in Ghana and elsewhere will be an integral component of
the course.
ARCH 437: Zoo-Archaeology

This course involves a study of animal remains recovered from Archaeological sites and how these
remains reflect past human economies (e.g. dietary patterns); hunting strategies; the transition
from hunting to herding of animals; the social and cultural value and role of livestock/animals in
human symbolic and social systems; ethnicity; past environmental and ecological conditions;
seasonality and site occupation; human migration and/or diffusion of food production technology
across the world. The course will be based on a lecture series and practical laboratory classes with
emphasis on the recovery, identification, and quantitative analysis of animal remains from
Archaeological sites.
DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY
The teaching staff establishment of the Department is 25. The Department, however, has only nine
full time lecturers, three of whom are part-time PhD students in History at the University of
Ghana. The Department was one of the early ones established in 1948. The number of students
who read History as part of a general degree is always large; however, the number of honours
students remains small. The Department’s training is appropriate for people entering the public
services, business and industry as administrators. In this way the Department contributes to the
training of administrative personnel needs of Ghana.
PROGRAMME STRUCTURE
Level 100
First Semester
*UGRC 110 Academic Writing I 3
*UGRC 120 Numeracy Skills 3
*UGRC 130 Science and Technology in Our Lives 3
*UGRC 150 Critical Thinking and Practical Reasoning 3
HIST: 111 Earliest Civilizations 3
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Second Semester
HIST: 112 Selected Topics in World History 3
Level 200
First Semester
*UGRC 210 Academic Writing II 3
HIST 211 Historiography 3
HIST 213 Africa and the Wider World in the 19th Century 3
**HIST 215 The History of Western Medicine in Ghana 3
2 Courses from the other assigned Department 6
*Note: Students to choose UGRC 210 or UGRC 220-238 (3 credits).
** To be taught exclusively to students of Level 200 Biological science
Second Semester
Code Course Title Credits
HIST 212 Historical Methodology 3
HIST 214 Africa in the International Setting in the 20th Century 3
Level 300
First Semester
Core
HIST 311 History of Ghana up to 1800 3
Electives
HIST 313 History of Africa up to 1500 3
HIST 315 The Black Diaspora 3
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HIST 317 Economic History of West Africa: 1700 to 1890 3
HIST 319 Aspects of Early Modern European History 3
HIST 321 Islam and Christianity in Africa 3
HIST 323 Colonial and Modern Indian Studies 3
Any one Course from the other assigned subject/Dept 3
Second Semester
Code Course Title Credits
Core
HIST 322 Ghana in the 19th and the 20th Centuries 3
Electives
HIST 324 History of Europe, 1798 - 1945 3
HIST 326 History of Africa up to 1800 3
HIST 328 Economic History of West Africa: 1890 to 1960 3
HIST 332 The History of Western Medicine in Ghana 3
HIST 334 Women in History 3
HIST 336 History of Pan-Africanism 3
Any one Course from the other assigned subject/Dept 3
*Students are to offer 1 core course & 3 electives and one other subject from any other Dept.
Level 400 First Semester

Core
HIST 421 Aspects of Intellectual History from 1500 to the Enlightenment 3
HIST 423 History of Science and Technology up to the Industrial 3
Revolution.
HIST 425 History of Political Thought up to St Augustine 3
Electives
HIST 427 Colonial Rule and African Response: Partition or Pacification 3
HIST 429 The History of Latin America 3
HIST 431 History of Modern China and Japan, ca. 1800 – 1900 3
HIST 433 History of Modern Russia & U.S.A: 1700-1860 3
HIST 435 Aspects of World History: 1914-1945 3
HIST 437 Conflict in Southern Africa 3
HIST 481 Special Paper: (Any of the following): 3
 Fante States in the 17th Century
 Politics in Akyem Abuakwa, 1874 – 1930
 Economic History of the Gold Coast, 1874 – 1900
 Dutch Documents Relating the Gold Coast and the
Slave Coast (Coast of Guinea) 1680 -1740
HIST: 410 Long Essay
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Second Semester
Core
HIST 422 Modern Trends in Intellectual History 3
HIST 424 History of Science & Technology since the Industrial 3
Revolution
HIST 426 History of Political Thought Since St Augustine 3
Electives
HIST 428 Colonial Rule and African Response: Nationalism and 3
Independence
HIST 432 Latin America Since the Haitian Revolution 3
HIST 434 History of Modern China and Japan since 1900 3
HIST 436 History Modern Russia & U.S.A: 1860-1939 3
HIST 438 Aspects of World History since 1945 3
HIST 442 The Atlantic World 3
HIST: 482 Special Paper (Any one of the following); 3
 Fante States in the 18th Century
 Economic and Social Change in Akyem Abuakwa,
1874 – 1930
 Economic History of the Gold Coast, 1900 – 1914
 Elmina and Its Neighbours, 1836 -1876
HIST: 410 Long Essay 6
*History major students are to offer 2 core courses and 2 electives and Long Essay
COURSE DESCRIPTIONS
HIST 111: Earliest Civilizations

This course surveys the succession of major civilizations that flourished in the Ancient World of
the Middle East, Africa and Europe from the earliest times through the fifth century A.D. It
emphasizes the diversity of cultural heritages, their origins and development, as well as the
evolution of ideas – social, religious and political – that have contributed to the shaping of the
world societies of today.
HIST 112: Selected Topics in World History

It is mainly a selection of topics in World History necessary in forming a global historical
perspective. The course seeks to give students basic knowledge of some important recurrent
themes, issues and concepts in history.
HIST 211: Historiography

The course seeks to define history: it shows the basic concerns and justification in studying
History. It looks at the development of History including the Pre-Greek situation; historical
thinking in a world of determinist political and social philosophies; history in Egypt and the
ancient Middle East; the Greek foundations of Western historical methodology, Herodotus and
Thucydides and the Western Historical tradition; Tacitus and the classical tradition; Eusebius and
the alternative tradition, the Medieval chronicle and the decay of the classical tradition of
historical writing.
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The course also looks at the Renaissance and Historical Enquiry; restoration of classical canons of
historical writing; source material; flexibility and accommodation in approach to historical
sources; beginning of big collections; the “Erudits”; precision, concrete detail and informed
criticism as elements in historical investigation; new techniques and new skills as aids in historical
enquiry and the “ancillary disciplines”. Finally, the course looks at the 18 th Century watershed:
Gibbon and the fusion of the antiquarian and classical traditions of historical work; the 19 th
Century revolution in historical methodology and the 20th Century developments: Namier and the
school of structural analysis.
HIST 212: Historical Methodology

The course looks at the present and the past: time and historical perspective; contemporary pre-
occupations, dominant trends in historical thinking; changing historical methodologies etc. as an
element in the historian’s image of the past. It also deals with the historian facts and reconstruction
of the Past and facts or evidence: scales of certitude; facts and their intermediaries; the historian’s
task–making the past a living and immediate experience; framework and standards of assessment,
historical sources: written documents (primary and secondary sources); oral tradition; linguistic
material and reconstruction of the past, causation in history: explanation in history; narrative and
analysis; the individual and society; hindsight in historical explanation; determinism and freewill
in the context of historical causation, the Marxist view of History; the question of objectivity in
history, the Whig interpretation of history and the relationship between history and other
disciplines.
HIST 213: Africa and the Wider World in the 19th Century
The course is a survey of the cultural and political regions of Africa at the beginning of the 19 th
century. It will focus on the following aspects of African History:
(a) The Sudan Belt
(b) The Forest areas of West Africa
(c) The Congo Basin
(d) South Africa
(e) East and Central Africa
(f) The Nile valley and Ethiopia
(g) The Maghreb
HIST 214: Africa in the International Setting in the 20th century

The course will focus on the following aspects of African history in the 20 th Century:
1. Africa under Colonial Rule
2. The Independence Revolution in Africa
3. Africa and the United Nations Organization
4. The African Union (formerly O.A.U.)
5. Post Colonial Political Systems in Africa
6. Neo-Colonialism
7. Economic Issues:
(a) Africa and International Trade
(b) The Search for Economic Development (c) The Debt Problem.
*HIST 215: The History of Western Medicine in Ghana

This course describes the pre-colonial and post-colonial systems of healthcare. It describes the
laying of the foundation of Western practice of medicine and the further development of the
system since the country became politically independent. It emphasizes the changes that medical
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policy has undergone since the late 19th Century, the reasons and impact of these changes, the
contributions of individual employees (Ghanaian and expatriate) to the present structure of the
Medical Services, and the establishment of the Ghana Medical School. The course will describe
how several major diseases have been eradicated or suppressed with reasons which explain the
success and failures.
*To be taught exclusively to students of Level 200 Biological science
HIST 311: History of Ghana up to 1800

This is a basic course on the early history of Ghana. It studies the people of Ghana, their origins,
migration and cultures. The geographical background, the early states of Ghana, the rise and
spread of Islam, the traditional economy, pre-European trade and the decline of the Trans Saharan
Trade, the arrival of the Europeans and the rise and development of the Trans Atlantic Slave trade
will be discussed, as will the expansion of Denkyera, Akwamu, Akyem, Fante and Asante. Social
and economic developments in the 17th and the 18th centuries will also be dealt with.
HIST 313: History of Africa up to 1500

This is a sweeping survey of the cultural, religious and commercial developments in ancient
Africa. It explores the cultures of Pre–dynastic Pharaonic Egypt, the legacy of Egypt, Kush and
Meroe. Axum: monophysite Christianity, the ivory, gold and slave trade in East Africa, the Arab
conquest of North Africa and the Beber reaction on the Almoravid and Almohad states, the Great
Zimbabwe Culture, the Mwena Mutapa empire and the Rosvi States of East Central Africa,
religion, trade and State in the Western Central Sudan, Ghana, Mali and Kanem will be explored
HIST 315: The Black Diaspora

This course looks at all aspects of Black people’s history; it even attempts to trace the origins of
the Black race, leading to the present distribution of the Black race in the world, the causes for
migration and routes along which they traveled, Blacks in South America, in the Caribbean and in
other parts of the world, the Blacks and Africa in the 19 th and 20th Centuries and the Black
Renaissance.
HIST 317: Economic History of West Africa: 1700 to 1890

This course stays at the surface of economic history but offers a new, purely historian’s view:
Historians’ approaches to the subject, including the “market” and “Africanist” approaches and the
neo-Marxist schools. Natural and human resources; technology, Economic activity,
interpretations; production and distribution, trade within West Africa, the Trans-Saharan and
Trans-Oceanic trade, the social organizations of economic life and the material basis of political
power, the organization of labour and of trade, the source of State revenue and of trade.
HIST 319: Aspects of Early Modern European History

This course highlights some aspects of this vast subject without pretending to give a complete
overview. Topics to be treated include the significance of the Fall of Constantinople: the shift
from the Mediterranean to the Atlantic World, its effect on the Italian Renaissance, humanism in
the North, New learning and criticism of the church, Europe and a Wider World.
HIST 321: Islam and Christianity in Africa

In this paper an attempt will be made to strike a balance of the influences of the two great
monotheistic religions on Africa. The topics include Early Christianity in North and North-
Eastern Africa, Islam and the conquest of North Africa, Islam and Christianity in Ethiopia,
Islamic expansion in West Africa and East Africa, the growth of Islamic influence through the
Sufi Orders, the influence of Christian pietism, i.e., Evangelical revival and the Missionary
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movement, Islam and reform in the 19th Century: Mahdism in the Sudan, Muslim society and the
imposition of European (colonial) rule, the church and the growth of nationalism, Ethiopianism,
self rule and church-independence, Church and State in post-colonial Africa.
HIST 323: Colonial and Modern India Studies

This unique programme is designed to enable students both to develop an understanding of Indian
history from the 18th to the 21st century and to study areas of special interest. ‘Colonial and
Modern Indian Studies’ aims to provide an opportunity to understand the emergence of
contemporary modern India in the context of India’s colonial past. The course will provide an
interdisciplinary approach to Indian society through critical historical studies. Covering over 300
years of Indian history since 1700, the course will examine the history of India to understand how
colonialism shaped, changed, and brought together over time modern India. Concepts such as
caste, gender, power, and nationalism and their importance in contemporary Indian society will be
examined. In short, this course is aimed to introduce students to the emergence of modernity on
Indian subcontinent and its various historical dimensions.
HIST 322: Ghana in the 19th and the 20th Centuries

This course traces the history of Ghana in considerable detail, the many influences to which Ghana
was exposed throughout its existence, before as well as after its independence, the Christian
mission, education and social change. The growth of British colonial power and jurisdiction and
Ghanaian reactions to it, as well as the Anglo Asante wars and the era of the “Scramble” will also
be treated.
Other topics include Ghana under British rule, social, political and economic developments in
ancient Africa, the rise of nationalism between 1900 and 1945, and the impact of World War II.
The struggle for Independence, Ghana since 1957: Kwame Nkrumah, the period of the coups:
1966 to 1981 and the Second, Third and Fourth Republics.
HIST324: History of Europe, 1798 - 1945

This is an in-depth study of the political development of Modern Europe: the French Revolution,
Napoleon and Europe, the Vienna settlement and the Congress system, the revolutions of 1830
and 1848, the “Eastern Question” in the 19th century, the international alignments of 1870-1914
and the first World War, the Versailles settlement and its consequences, the Russian revolutions,
Communist and Nazi dictatorship, from the League of Nations to the United Nations
HIST 326: History of Africa up to 1800

The course treats in considerable detail a wide variety of subjects, including the East African and
Indian Ocean trade. Topics to be treated include trade and politics in the Zambesi valley, the
Trans- Saharan trade, the Sudanic states and the Moroccan invasion, developments in the Mahgreb
during Ottoman rule, religion and conflict in Ethiopia, the inter-lacustrine cluster of States: Iwo,
Bacwezi, Bunyoro and Buganda, the Luba and Lunda states, Pre-European trade and society in
Southern Africa: Sana and Khoikhoi, the Nguni and Sotho chiefdoms, Dutch settlement, Boer
dispersion and Khoisan resistance, the roots of the “native problem”, prelude to the Mfecane and
the Great Trek.
HIST 328: Economic History of West Africa: 1890 to 1960

The course will deal with Interpretations of colonialism and imperialism, the economic aspects of
partition: the respective roles of economic and non-economic, and of peripheral and metropolitan
influences, the early colonial economy, 1890-1930; the rule of the colonial administration and of
foreign capital, causes and mechanics of the cash-crop “revolution”, including the rule of
indigenous enterprise, change and continuity in the social organization of colonial life; rural
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indebtedness, the expansion of migrant wage labour, and the position of women slaves; chiefs,
traders and educated elites, the economic context of political independence; depression and
conflict in colonial economy, 1930-40, economic decolonisation, or transition to neo-colonialism,
1940-60, and the expansion of government intervention, 1910-60.
HIST 332: The History of Western Medicine in Ghana

This course describes the pre-colonial, colonial and post-colonial systems of healthcare. It
describes the laying of the foundations of Western Medical practice and the further development
of the system since the country became politically independent. It emphasises the changes that
medical policy has undergone since the late 19th Century, the reasons and impact of these changes,
the contributions of individual employees (Ghanaian and expatriate) to the present structure of the
Medical services, and the establishment of the Ghana Medical School. The course will describe
how several major diseases have been eradicated or tamed with reasons which explain the
successes and failures. There shall be considerably less emphasis on disease causation and medical
terminology.
HIST 334: Women in History

This course takes a global approach to Women’s History, moving chronologically from the
Ancient period to the modern period. The scope of the course necessitates selections from various
time periods and geographical/national areas. These selections have been chosen to reveal critical
aspects of Women’s lives in History. The course is divided into four parts. The first part is a
general introduction to the emergence of Women’s studies. The second part looks at Women in
the Ancient World. The third part examines Women in the Middle Ages with respect to their role
in the prevailing economic, political and social order. The fourth part focuses on Women in the
Modern World with some emphasis on the African Woman.
HIST 336: History of Pan-Africanism

This course looks at all aspects of the Pan-African movement, from its origins in the Black
Diaspora to its twenty-first century expression. The topics will include the Pan-African
Congresses, the repatriation or Back-to-Africa movement, the African personality, African
renaissance, Garveyism, and the African Union’s “Diaspora Initiative” to incorporate the Diaspora
into the AU as the Sixth Region.
HIST 421: Aspects of Intellectual History from 1500 to the Enlightenment

This would cover the following:
1. Machiavelli and Italian Renaissance Thought.
2. The Social Contract Theories: Hobbes, Locke, Rousseau
3. Catholic Philosophy and view of World History, Bossuet
4. Enlightenment Philosophers: Newton, Vico, Bentham, Voltaire.
HIST 422: Modern Trends in Intellectual History

This course will cover the following:
1. The Idealist School of thought. Hegel, Kent, Fichte, Schelling
2. Theories of Evolution, Social and Political change: Mazzini, Darwin, Marx Engels,
HIST 423: History of Science and Technology up to the Industrial Revolution.

This course does not intend to do more than give a general survey of man’s scientific and technical
achievements, without too much technical detail. It explores the development of science and
technology in ancient Egypt, Greece and Rome; the collapse and revival of Western Civilisation,
Humanism and the Renaissance, discovery of the heavens, of the earth and its creatures. The Age
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of Reason, the academies; enlightenment, classification and order, popularisation of science and
experiments will be explored.
HIST 424: History of Science & Technology since the Industrial Revolution
Topics to be treated include the Industrial revolution and the communications revolution,
Victorian England, the New sciences, new forces and new attitudes, science, technology and
business, the challenge of the 20th century: super science and technology, and the age of waste and
destruction.
HIST 425: History of Political thought up to St. Augustine

The following courses are to be treated:
1. Accounts of the main political ideologies and of the main views on the evolution and
nature of society, law and government current in the Ancient world and Medieval
Christendom.
2. Greek speculation on the Greek polis: Socrates, Plato and Aristotle.
3. Ancient Thought after Aristotle. Stoicism and Epicureanism
4. Theory of church-state relations up to AD. 450.
5.
HIST 426: History of Political Thought since St. Augustine
The course will deal with the following:
1. Political Theory of Italian Renaissance.
2. 17th and 18th Centuries expositions of social contract theory.
3. French and English constitutional ideas in the century 1770-1870
4. The main European political theories on the 20 th Century.
HIST 427: Colonial Rule and African Response: Partition or Pacification

Topics treated will include the scramble, the Berlin Conference and the Partition of Africa:
causes, result etc., the establishment of Colonial Rule: North, West, East, Central and Southern
Africa; wars of conquest, resistance and pacification, systems of colonial rule: assimilation,
“Indirect Rule” etc.
HIST 428: Colonial Rule and African Response: Nationalism and Independence
This course will deal with African reaction to colonial rule 1914-1945: political economic and
social grievances; proto – nationalism and nationalism: the impacts, of Pan-Islamism, World War
II and Pan –Africanism, Decolonization and African Unity.
HIST 429: History of Latin America

This course offers a survey of the history of the South American continent from the pre-
Columbian empires (Maya, Aztec and Inca) to the early 20 th century. The Imposition of Spanish
and Portuguese colonial governments; settlement patterns, the power of the church, mineral and
agricultural exploitation, Slavery and the slave trade and Dutch competition.
HIST 431: History of Modern China and Japan, ca. 1800 - 1900
This is a comparative study of the history of China and Japan since the 19 th Century, at a time that
both opened up to western science and technology: Ch’ing China and the West in the 19 th century,
the opium war and the arrow war, the Treaty Port system, unrest within china, Taiping, Muslim
and other rebellions, Self-strengthening movements; Industrialization, the Tokugawa state and the
Meji restoration, the 1857-8 Treaties and their repercussions, the new order, the first phase of
Japanese modernization 1870-1900, implications of military, educational and technical reforms.
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The course also analyses of the Meji constitution and examines China under foreign pressure; the
1880-90 wars and reforms
HIST 432: Latin America since the Haitian Revolution

This course will examine the era of the revolutions in Latin America: Haiti, Venezuela, Buenos
Aires, military achievements and political failures of San Martin and Bolivar, independence of
Mexico, conservatism of the Latin American Independence movement. 19 th century Mexican
dictators; the revolution of 1910, British economic dominations, U.S. interference, the banana
republics of Middle America, the Venezuelan oil industry and socialist and capitalist
industrialization.
It will also examine Monarchic government in independent Brazil, the rise of the coffee industry;
the growth of industrial cities, Argentina: the agricultural basis of prosperity, land-owners and
wage-earners and the significance of Peron
HIST 433: History of Modern Russia & U.S.A: 1700-1860

This will deal with Russia from the accession of Peter the Great (1682) and U.S.A. from 1763 to
1860; Enlightenment in Russia and the U.S.A – ideas of Catherine II vs. those of Thomas
Jefferson, the role of personality and leadership in the respective growths of Russia and America;
territorial expansion; eastward expansion into Asia, the Baltic and the Balkan coasts vs. American
westward expansion to the Pacific Coast.
HIST 434: History of Modern China and Japan since 1900

This course will examine the Boxer Uprising, abdication of the Manchu, the second phase of
Japanese modernization, 1900-30, heavy industries, the Zaibatsu, Anglo-Japanese friendship and
the Russo-Japanese war, the Annexation of Korea, Japanese imperialism 1930-45, the politics of
violence, China between revolutions, 1911-45, the war lords, Kuomintang versus Communists,
China and Japan since 1946, the Cold War in the far East, the Korean War the Vietnam war,
USA versus USSR in Asia, “Ping-pong diplomacy” and its repercussions on Africa.
HIST 435: Aspects of World History: 1914-1945

This course will include a brief introduction of the causes and effects of the First World War from
around 1907, Topical events in World history: 1919-1950; the Versailles Treaty and the League of
Nations – its structure, aims, achievements and failures, Russian communism: 1917-1939, Hitler
and Nazism; Mussolini and Fascism, World Economic Depression: 1929-1933, the
Commonwealth of Nations; the Statute of West-minister (1930), the world situation in 1939:
causes of tension in Europe and outbreak of the Second World War, the role of the U.S.A. and
Japan in the War Colonisation of Africa to 1950 and the role of Africa in the Second World War
and the structure and aims of the United Nations.
HIST 436: History Modern Russia & U.S.A: 1860-1939

This course will cover areas such as the emancipation of serfs in Russia and of slaves in the
U.S.A; methods of securing political, economic and social rights after emancipation; Economic
and industrial development in Russia and U.S.A. from 1870-1914, territorial expansionism of
Russia and the U.S.A; Russia and U.S.A. in the first World War; Isolationism of Russia and the
U.S.A. - from 1920 to 1939.
HIST 437: Conflict in Southern Africa

This course will examine at the history of Southern Africa over the past three and a half centuries
(continuing up to South Africa’s first democratic elections in 1994 and the Truth and
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Reconciliation Commission that followed independence) with an emphasis on South Africa and its
influence in the region. The course will also examine the economic, social and cultural histories
of the region so as to interrogate reasons why there was considerable delay in the independence of
the region; the relationship between colonialism and neo-colonialism; and the relationship
between colonialism and culture It will also address issues such as the impact of racialized rule.
HIST 438: Aspects of World History since 1945

The course will cover the emergence of the Super Powers, the Cold War, the spread of soviet
influence and American reactions; NATO, the Warsaw Pact, and the Eastern Bloc, the Nuclear
arms race; the German problem; developments in Asia: Civil war and communist victory in
China; Tibet, the communist uprising in Malaya; the Korean War (1950-3), the French withdrawal
from the 1954 settlement in Indo-China, SEATO (to the 1970s); the Vietnam War, divided
Vietnam 1954-76, the Middle East: Foundation of Israel 1948; the Palestine problem, Arab
League 1947, the Baghdad Pact 1955; The Suez Crisis, 1956. The Non-Aligned movement, the
rise of Nationalism in Asia and Africa and its consequences; reconstruction of Japan after 1946,
groupings in Africa; Monrovia and Casablanca powers (1961), O.A.U 1963: East African
Community (1967), the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) (1976),
Apartheid and World reaction, United Nations since 1950 and the Commonwealth of Nations.
HIST 442: The Atlantic World

The course will examine the nature and extent of the encounters and exchanges of people, ideas,
goods, cultures, disease, flora and fauna over and across the ocean bordering Europe, Africa and
the Americas. The course will emphasize how these encounters and exchanges have helped to
shape the world. It will help students to understand the historical underpinnings of the new world
order of the modern age through the processes of expansion of economy, political power, culture,
population, etc. of western European nations on one hand; and the system of creative and adaptive
connections, and interactions among Europeans, Africans and Native Americans along the vast
and seemingly endless rim of the Atlantic basin from the fifteenth to the nineteenth century.
**HIST 481: Special Paper:

Fante States in the 17th Century/ Dutch Documents Relating the Gold Coast and the Slave Coast
(Coast of Guinea) 1680 -1740/Politics in Akyem Abuakwa, 1874 – 1930/ Economic History of the
Gold Coast, 1874 – 1900.
This is a special paper, based on original English and translated Dutch primary source materials
dealing with the above themes in the history of the Gold Coast. In any one semester only a select
collection of primary source materials dealing with a specific theme would be explored.
** Available ONLY to students taking a MAJOR in History
**HIST 482: Special Paper:

Fante States in the 18th Century/ Elmina and Its Neighbours, 1836 -1876/Economic and Social
Change in Akyem Abuakwa, 1874 – 1930/Economic History of the Gold Coast, 1900 – 1914.
This is a special paper, based on original English and translated Dutch primary source materials
dealing with the above themes in the history of the Gold Coast. In any one semester only a select
collection of primary source materials dealing with a specific theme would be explored.
** Available ONLY to students taking a MAJOR in History
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DEPARTMENT OF PHILOSOPHY AND CLASSICS
INTRODUCTION
Legon’s Departments of Classics and of Philosophy were both created in 1948 as foundations of
the Faculty of Arts in what was then the University College of the Gold Coast, an affiliate of the
University of London. As of 2010 they merged.
The Department of Philosophy and Classics provides scholarly training in analytic literacy and in
the history of ideas. The philosophical component of this training is geared towards students’
reclaiming their indigenous ideals and insights, appreciating the variety of intellectual heritages at
their disposal and enhancing the rational quality of their lives. The classical studies component is
a sustained reflection upon records of civilisations and cultures since antiquity. Based on this, our
goal is to explore the historical antecedents as well as the conceptual foundations of modern day
politics, sciences, architectonics, artistry, literary expression, economic systems, self reference,
and social dynamics.
LEVEL 100
All courses at level 100 are compulsory for all students in Philosophy and Classics
First Semester
Choose any two UGRC courses
= 6 credits
PHCL 101 Civilisations of the Ancient World 3
Other subjects 2 Courses from 2 other assigned 6
Departments
Second Semester
Course code Course title Credits
Choose another two UGRC
courses= 6 credits
PHCL 102 Philosophical Questions 3
Other subjects 2 Courses from 2 other assigned 6
Departments
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LEVEL 200
All courses at the 200 level are compulsory for all students in Philosophy and Classics
First Semester
Choose either UGRC 210 -or-
UGRC 220-238 = 3 credits
PHCL 201 Problems of Philosophy 3
PHCL 203 Outlines of Graeco-Roman Civilisations 3
Other subjects 2 Courses from the other assigned 6
Department
Second Semester
Course code Course title Credits
Choose the other of
UGRC 210 -or- UGRC 220-238
= 3 credits
PHCL 202 Outlines of Graeco-Roman Literatures 3
PHCL 204 Elements of Formal Logic 3
Other subjects 2 Courses from the other assigned 6
Department
Level 300 Courses

Major: At least four cores (12 credits) by the end of the year
Combined: At least four cores (12 credits) by the end of the year
Minor: At least two cores (6 credits) by the end of year with
Pre-requisites: all 100 level & 200 level courses
300 Level Core
A student may concentrate either in Classics or in Philosophy by doing all the core courses in
only one option. Alternatively, students may choose core courses from both lists.
All students must comply with the University BA requirement to opt for electives from other
departments.
Core courses for Philosophy option

PHIL 301 Deductive Logic
PHIL 302 Socratic Philosophy
PHIL 303 Moral Philosophy
PHIL 304 Social and Political Philosophy
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Core courses for Classics option
CLAS 301 Presocratic Philosophy
CLAS 302 Socratic Philosophy
CLAS 303 Greek Epic and Drama
CLAS 304 Roman Epic and Drama
300 Level Electives
Philosophy option
PHIL 305 Philosophy of Mind
PHIL 306 Empiricism
PHIL 307 Rationalism
PHIL 308 Philosophy of Aristotle
PHIL 309 Philosophy of History
PHIL 310 African Philosophy
PHIL 311 Aesthetics
PHIL 312 Existentialism
PHIL 313 Philosophy of Gender
PHIL 314 Personhood
PHIL 315 Philosophy and Literature
PHIL 316 Philosophy of Education
Classics option
CLAS 305 Africa in the Ancient Greek World
CLAS 306 Africa in the Ancient Roman World
CLAS 307 History of the Archaic and Classical Periods
CLAS 308 Slavery in Graeco-Roman Antiquity
CLAS 309 Arts of Government in Ancient Greece
CLAS 311 History of the Hellenistic Period
CLAS 312 Republican Rome
CLAS 313 Hellenistic Philosophy and Science
CLAS 314 The Principate
CLAS 315 Greek Religion
CLAS 316 Roman Religion
CLAS 317 Greek Art and Architecture
CLAS 318 Roman Art and Architecture
CLAS 319 Egypt, Near East, and the Origins of Greek Civilisation
CLAS 321 Gender in Ancient Greece
CLAS 322 Gender in Ancient Rome
CLAS 323 Reading Greek I
CLAS 324 Reading Latin I
CLAS 325 Reading Greek II
CLAS 326 Reading Latin II
CLAS 327 Graeco-Roman Mythology
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Level 400 Courses
Major: At least four core courses (12 credits) by the end of the year
Combined: At least four core courses (12 credits) by the end of the year
Pre-requisites: All 100, 200 and 300 Level core courses
400 Level Core
A student may concentrate in Classics or in Philosophy by doing all the core courses in the
respective option. Alternatively, students may choose core courses from both lists.
All students must comply with the University BA requirement to opt for electives from other
departments.
Core courses for Philosophy option

PHIL 401 The Philosophy of Plato
PHIL 402 Methodology of the Sciences
PHIL 403 Modern Analytic Tradition
PHIL 404 Philosophy and Contemporary African Experience
Core courses for Classics option
CLAS 401 The Philosophy of Plato
CLAS 402 Roman Philosophy and Science
CLAS 403 Greek Literature and Society
CLAS 404 Roman Literature and Society
400 Level Electives Majors: (single) select at least 2 per semester; (combined) select at least 1
per semester
Philosophy option
PHIL 405 Value Theory
PHIL 406 Theories of Justice
PHIL 407 Philosophy of Kant
PHIL 408 Applied Ethics
PHIL 409 Philosophy of Law
PHIL 410 Further Studies in African Philosophy
PHIL 411 Contemporary Metaphysics
PHIL 412 Philosophy of the Human Sciences
PHIL 413 Phenomenology
PHIL 414 Philosophical Thought of Kwame Nkrumah
PHIL 415 Philosophy of Culture
PHIL 416 Selected Author/Text (in Philosophy)
PHIL 417 Contemporary Issues in Philosophy
PHIL 418 Ethics and International Relations
PHIL 419 Philosophy of Language
PHIL 420 Research Methods
PHIL 421 Philosophy of Development
PHIL 422 Medieval Philosophy
PHIL 423 Topics in Philosophical Logic
PHIL 424 Topics in the Philosophy of Mathematics
PHIL 425 Long Essay
Classics option
CLAS 405 Leaders of Ancient Greece
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CLAS 406 Leaders of Ancient Rome
CLAS 407 Greek Historiography
CLAS 408 Roman Historiography
CLAS 409 The Sophists
CLAS 410 Themes in Classical Studies
CLAS 411 Law, Individual, and Society in Ancient Greece
CLAS 412 Law, Individual, and Society in Ancient Rome
CLAS 413 Rhetoric in Ancient Greece
CLAS 414 Rhetoric in Ancient Rome
CLAS 415 Reading Greek III
CLAS 416 Reading Latin III
CLAS 417 Reading Greek IV
CLAS 418 Reading Latin IV
CLAS 419 Selected Author/Text
CLAS 420 Research Methods
CLAS 421 Long Essay
Course Descriptions
PHCL 101: Civilisations of the Ancient World
A study of the multiple sources of contemporary civilisations, demonstrating that certain lifestyles
and life-conditions in antiquity conduce to our biological species more effectively than do certain
modern lifestyles and conditions, and that increasingly globalised standards of excellence in the
arts, sciences and technological enterprise date back many centuries and are the common heritage
of humankind.
PHCL 102: Philosophical Questions

Designed to stimulate thought and discussion through the reading of extracts from primary texts
that address central problems in epistemology, metaphysics, ethics, and political philosophy. The
aim is to help the student develop analytic skills by distinguishing problems that are philosophical
from those that are social, political, scientific, historical, theological, or doctrinal.
PHCL 201: Problems of Philosophy

Introduces excerpts of seminal texts to reveal lasting controversies and questions that concern
basic assumptions central to the canons of metaphysics, epistemology, foundations of morality,
social commentary and political thought.
PHCL 202: Outlines of Graeco-Roman Literatures

An historical account of key genres in ancient Greek and Roman literary works, traced from their
folkloric orality and prototypes to their conscious classical developments, as illustrated through
critical discussion of sample texts.
PHCL 203: Outlines of Graeco-Roman Civilisations

A broad and general study of ancient Graeco-Roman civilisations, highlighting processes in the
development of material culture and the major trends and developments in social (including
religious), constitutional (including political), and literary (including philosophical) history.
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PHCL 204: Elements of Formal Logic
Introduction to propositional logic, elementary techniques of natural deduction, basic concepts of
validity and soundness, distinguishing the syntactic analysis of reasoned argument from the varied
criteria used for assessing other uses of language.
LEVEL 300 PHILOSOPHY
PHIL 301: Deductive Logic

Provides practical familiarity with quantificational first order predicate logic, and a cursory survey
of some basic features of formal systems such as consistency, adequacy, and the significance of
undecidable formulas.
PHIL 302: Socratic Philosophy

A critical introduction to Plato’s Socratic Dialogues, with special emphasis on analyses and
discussions of the enduring scholarly issues in Socratic method(s), epistemology, ethics, politics
and religion.
PHIL 303: Moral Philosophy

Distinguishing normative reasoning from meta-ethics, this course will study the foundations,
nature, and function of morality, covering scepticism, naturalist and subjectivist vs. realist theories
of morality, varieties of ethical relativism and objectivism, ethics of care, virtue ethics, notions of
integrity, moral weakness and moral responsibility, free will.
PHIL 304: Social and Political Philosophy

An examination of principles central to the normative appraisals of human agency and institutions
involving the concepts of justice, legitimate authority, sovereignty, power, self-determination,
democratic governance, representation, participation, obligation, equity, civil liberty, human
rights, and ideology.
PHIL 305: Philosophy of Mind

An examination of modern and classical problems connected with the notion of mind as it
emerged from the European Enlightenment’s mechanistic worldview, including the place of
consciousness in the physical world, diagnostic methods for treating metaphysical confusion
emanating from everyday psychological vocabulary, artificial life and intelligence, action and
intentionality.
PHIL 306: Empiricism

Critical survey of classical and modern texts that propose knowledge is somehow based upon
sense experience. Discussion focuses upon works in the British empiricism of the seventeenth and
eighteenth centuries: Locke, Berkeley, Hume, Reid, and subsequent work that their views inspired,
e.g. the critiques of Kant.
PHIL 307: Rationalism

Addresses the legacy of the seventeenth century European Enlightenment and its antecedents in
the Abbasid Empire, when the reliance upon the individual’s systematic reasoning to understand
the world took precedence over appeal to authority of ancient texts. The seminal influences of Ibn
Al-Haythem, René Descartes, Gottfried Leibniz, Spinoza and others will be introduced.
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PHIL 308: Philosophy of Aristotle
A logical and exegetical analysis of the key ideas and concepts that constitute the framework of
Aristotle’s philosophy, in the areas of investigative methodology; metaphysics, ethics, humanity,
and theology.
PHIL 309: Philosophy of History

Introducing the realist (naturalist) vs. idealist (subjectivist) debate about the subject matter of
history, the structure of historical explanation, methods and criteria for studying antiquity, the
controversy concerning Black Athena.
PHIL 310: African Philosophy

A cross cultural examination of African traditional thought about fundamental aspects of human
existence as reflected in conceptions of God, nature, personhood, destiny, morality, the good
society.
PHIL 311: Aesthetics

Concerning fundamental issues in philosophy of the arts; problems examined include the nature of
art and aesthetic experience, the relationship of art objects to the reality they represent, artistic
expression, and authenticity.
PHIL 312: Existentialism

A study of nineteenth and twentieth century Western philosophical ideas about moral agency in
everyday life, the existence of God, and the nature of the self, based on the works of Kierkegaard,
Sartre, Camus, and others.
PHIL 313: Philosophy of Gender

Reappraises basic principles assumed in mainstream philosophical canons to reveal their gendered
context: public vs. private domains, essential vs. accidental qualities, innate vs. learned behaviour,
human rights vs. women’s rights—exposing implications of the fact that both men and women
inhabit a social world which is bifurcated by gender; exploring the various connotations of
masculinity vs. femininity, and the nature of prejudice.
PHIL 314: Personhood

A study of questions arising about the concept of person in seminal texts that focus on the
foundations of morality, political theory, cognitive science, psychology, theology, the interface
between philosophy of mind, of language, and cross cultural metaphysics.
PHIL 315: Philosophy and Literature

Philosophical reflection is conveyed in a variety of genres and styles of expression beyond the
treatise form. African literature written in English and in French translated into English will be
examined as a vehicle of social protest and transformative political critique, as spiritual
inspiration, as a conveyance for moral precepts and lessons of history.
PHIL 316: Philosophy of Education

The general notion of education is investigated as a process and an activity, through a
confrontational examination of the notion of pedagogy, drawing upon both classical and modern
texts, such as Plato, J.S. Mill, John Dewey, Franz Fanon.
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LEVEL 300 CLASSICS
CLAS 301: Presocratic Philosophy

A historical, philological and logical study of the early beginnings of Western science and
philosophy, concentrating on the construction and assessment of arguments based on the extant
fragments and/or testimonia from Thales, through Parmenides and the atomists to Diogenes of
Apollonia.
CLAS 302: Socratic Philosophy

A critical introduction to Plato’s Socratic Dialogues, with special emphasis on analyses and
discussions of the enduring scholarly issues in Socratic method(s), epistemology, ethics, politics
and religion.
CLAS 303: Greek Epic and Drama

Selected texts of epic and drama (tragedy and comedy) analysed and discussed in terms of their
themes and social function; plot and structure, setting, characterisation, use of language and other
literary devices, and general literary qualities.
CLAS 304: Roman Epic and Drama

A study of Roman epic with emphasis on Virgil’s Aeneid, and of Roman drama, focusing on
Plautus and Terence. Content will concentrate on the Greek influence in the production process;
the themes and their political and social context, audience and occasion; the analyses of language
use, setting, plot and structure, characterisation, literary devices, and general literary qualities.
CLAS 305: Africa in the Ancient Greek World

An account of the encounter between the ancient Greeks and Africans and the social, economic,
military and political consequences as well as the attitudinal reactions of the Greeks to the
encounter, as reflected in their plastic and literary arts.
CLAS 306: Africa in the Ancient Roman World

A study of the encounter between the ancient Romans and Africans and the consequences. Topics
include the physical presence of Africans, and African animals and products in the Roman world;
trade relations; the social, economic, military and political dimensions of the encounter; and
Roman attitudes to the encounter, as reflected in their plastic and literary arts.
CLAS 307: History of the Archaic and Classical Periods

A study of a watershed period in early Western history, highlighting the evolution of the city-state,
the development of literacy, democratic constitutions, the philosophic and scientific temper, the
major wars, and the Hellenisation of a significant part of the ancient world.
CLAS 308: Slavery in Graeco-Roman Antiquity

A critical examination of the concept and institution of slavery in Graeco-Roman antiquity,
focusing on forms of economic slavery; politics and slavery; the effects of slavery on society and
the economy; slavery and human development.
CLAS 309: Arts of Government in Ancient Greece

A study of the various forms of government that defined the political character and attitude of the
ancient Greeks, focusing on an examination of Spartan communism and the evolution of
democracy in Athens.
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CLAS 311: History of the Hellenistic Period
A study of the 300 years between the reign of Alexander (336-323 BC) and Augustus, the first
Roman Emperor (31 BC-AD14), focusing on the conquests of Alexander, the post-Alexandrian
Greek kingdoms and the Hellenisation process.
CLAS 312: Republican Rome

Based on a critical evaluation of the sources, this is a study of the birth of the Roman Republic, the
development of the Republican constitution, Rome’s rise to the centre of a world empire, the
intervention of the military in politics, the causes of the decline and fall of the Republic.
CLAS 313: Hellenistic Philosophy and Science

An examination of the central tenets of Epicureanism, Stoicism, and Pyrrhonian scepticism, and
an account of the main trends of Greek science, from its beginnings in cosmological speculations
to its empirically and experimentally based approaches in the development of mathematics,
mechanics, engineering, medical and other sciences.
CLAS 314: The Principate

An examination of the powers and functions of the emperor up to the reign of Domitian,
consideration of the issue of separation of powers, the role of the emperor’s household in empire-
governance, procuratorial service, and the role of the law in imperial governance.
CLAS 315: Greek Religion

A study of Greek religion from its prehistoric origins, through the natural theology of the
Presocratics, to the philosophical encounter between Greek and Jewish religions in the Hellenistic
Period.
CLAS 316: Roman Religion

A study of Roman religion from its polytheistic prehistoric origins to the advent of Christian
monotheism.
CLAS 317: Greek Art and Architecture

A cultural-historical and aesthetical study of Greek art and architecture, designed to develop skills
in the critical analysis of objects through the cultivation of visual literacy.
CLAS 318: Roman Art and Architecture

A study of Roman art and architecture from their prehistoric Etruscan, Italian, and Greek origins.
The aesthetical component of the study reflects various technical achievements and improvements,
and involves the assessment of works of art and architecture on the basis of their moral and
intellectual value, the issue of artistic creation or insight, stylistics, works of art and mimetic
illusionism.
CLAS 319: Egypt, Near East, and the Origins of Greek Civilisation
A study of the issue of Greece’s indebtedness to the civilisations of Egypt and the Near East, it
also critically reviews some Afrocentrist theses on the subject and the issue of the racial identity of
the Egyptians from the pre-dynastic era in Nubia and Egypt (5500-3100 BC) to the Macedonian
occupation of Egypt (332-30 BC).
CLAS 321: Gender in Ancient Greece

This involves a critical evaluation of the sources of information on classes of women, their
position and role in the family and society; social and psychological barriers to the human rights
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of women, especially the law on women, as it relates to their education, employment, marriage,
rights of succession and inheritance, participation in public decision-making; women and religion;
sexism and male chauvinism in Greek literature; women achievers.
CLAS 322: Gender in Ancient Rome

A study of gender issues with emphasis on women, covering the conception, images and roles of,
as well as the assumptions about, women in ancient Roman society, literature and art.
CLAS 323: Reading Greek I

A study of classical Greek, focusing on phonology, punctuation, morphology, declension of
nouns, pronouns and adjectives, and the conjugation of verbs, with exercises in transliteration and
pronunciation.
CLAS 324: Reading Latin I

The study concentrates on classical Latin. Morphology covers the various verb types and their
conjugations, plus the declensions of nouns, pronouns, and adjectives, with exercises in reading
and translation of basic sentences.
CLAS 325: Reading Greek II

This stage of Greek studies focuses on basic syntax, with exercises in reading and translation,
covering word-order: positioning clitic particles, tmesis and pronouns; using the definite article to
attribute, predicate or nominalise adjectives, participles, infinitives, and whole sentences; and
constructing simple-sentences.
CLAS 336: Reading Latin II

Focuses on the introduction of basic syntax: word-order, comparative constructions, constructions
showing agreement; and the constructions of questions (single, double, deliberative), commands,
and wishes.
CLAS 327: Graeco-Roman Mythology

A critical study of the origins of myths in Graeco-Roman antiquity, their oral functions and
structure, literary uses, attitudes to and theories of interpretation.
LEVEL 400 PHILOSOPHY
PHIL 401: The Philosophy of Plato

A study of Middle Period Plato, with particular attention to his theories of forms, justice, soul and
political leadership.
PHIL 402: Methodology of the Sciences

Introducing the notion, origin, and principles of modern scientific rigour, the contribution of
scientific activity to post modern notions of truth, the role of science in society, the development
and retirement of the analogue of political revolutions to account for change in received scientific
theory.
PHIL 403: Modern Analytic Tradition

Study of the goals of a unified theory, the innovations of Frege, the construction and abandonment
of a formal language for science, the reformation of philosophy dubbed ‘the linguistic turn’,
efforts to protect philosophy from political co-optation by the European logical empiricists
working with Carnap, Schlick, Neurath, the influences of Wittgenstein and of Quine.
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PHIL 404: Philosophy and Contemporary African Experience
Conceptual analysis and evaluation of the shared post-colonial experience. Examines the
relevance of traditional African values, practices, and institutions to contemporary life, including
modern expressions of ethnicity, nationhood, democracy, communitarian moral and political
theory, ideology, political morality, economic transformation, science and technology, and the
phenomena of globalisation.
PHIL 405: Value Theory

Investigates general theories that analyse the variety of solutions to problems arising in ethics and
aesthetics. Examines the criteria of moral value in contrast with tests for veracity of empirical
judgment.
PHIL 406: Theories of Justice

The nature, purpose and genesis of concepts of justice, studying texts of Marx, Rawls and other
seminal writers.
PHIL 407: Philosophy of Kant

The profound and lasting influence of this eighteenth century German’s contribution to
epistemology and normative reasoning is accessible through an introduction to a selection of his
works.
PHIL 408: Applied Ethics

Deals with fundamental questions of practical concern about living in human society, analysing
specific moral questions about personal relationships and responsibility, e.g. abortion, euthanasia,
punishment, sex, the social implications of science and technology, functioning with integrity in
corporate environments, health care rights and state obligations.
PHIL 409: Philosophy of Law

Explores the relationship between the law, judiciary, and politics, competing theories of law
including legal realism and positivism, Hart on legal precedent and Dworkin on constitutional law.
PHIL 410: Further Studies in African Philosophy

Critical treatment of issues and questions that remain contemporary and pressing, many of which
generate from indigenous African intellectual traditions, concerning human existence, conceptions
of God, nature, ontology, personhood, destiny, views of morality, the good society, truth.
PHIL 411: Contemporary Metaphysics

Recent developments in the new sciences of the atomic age and their impact upon contemporary
debates in philosophy of mind, logic, ontology and studies in the foundations of mathematics.
PHIL 412: Philosophy of the Human Sciences

Considers the possibility of self-understanding through modern scientific methods, and problems
peculiar to the idiographic sciences—varieties of relativism, essentially contestable categories,
pseudo precision, reason-giving explanation and presuppositions about rationality.
PHIL 413: Phenomenology

Elucidation of key phenomenological terms including ‘truth adequation’ and ‘knowledge
fulfilment’ in the transcendental phenomenology of Husserl. A study of the two basic principles
of his transcendental subjectivity and ‘Lebenswelt’, as a basis for the hermeneutics of Heidegger,
Gadamer, Ricoeur, and Derrida.
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PHIL 414: Philosophical Thought of Kwame Nkrumah
An introductory exploration of the philosophical content and significance of Nkrumah’s published
and extant writings, in the evolution of Africans’ domestic political debates, the way Africa
features in contemporary global politics, the theme of pan-Africanism, his philosophy of
nationalism, self-reliance and formation of identity, the notions of personhood and of good
governance that are spelled out in his works.
PHIL 415: Philosophy of Culture

Topics will include traditionalism versus modernism, cultural universalism and versions of
relativism, ethnicity and ethnocentrism, problems of nation-building and national integration,
national and cultural identity in Africa, multiculturalism and cultural liberty, globalisation and
cultural identities, culture and economic development.
PHIL 416: Selected Author/Text

Option to pursue a specific author or text in greater depth and scope than the standard term-length
undergraduate syllabi allow. Available in both semesters to facilitate a sustained study. Offered
only according to the discretion of the department faculty.
PHIL 417: Contemporary Issues in Philosophy

An occasional syllabus determined by current research focus of permanent faculty members or our
visiting scholars, offered under the discretion of the department faculty.
PHIL 418: Ethics and International Affairs

Topics include social responsibility for multinational corporations, accelerating debates
concerning the legitimacy of international law and the cogency of international human rights, the
ethics of international intervention, cross-border peace-keeping and reconciliation, global
environmental responsibility, the possibility of global justice, migration rights.
PHIL 419: Philosophy of Language

Studies of the nature of meaning and intentionality, the interpretation of speech, belief, and reality,
theories of reference, the semantic theory of truth and its adversaries, the metaphysical
preconditions of language acquisition and participation, non-representational meaning, and the
‘linguistic turn’ in analytic philosophy.
PHIL 420: Research Methods

The specific objective of this course is to equip the student with an ability to do and present
independent research work. The course falls into two complementary parts. The first addresses the
issue of thesis preparation; the second part is a lesson in critical thinking, designed to enable the
student appreciate deductive validity, inductive force, and how to identify, construct, and assess
arguments.
PHIL 421: Philosophy of Development

Critical analysis of policies set by the United Nations, international agencies, and multi-lateral
organisations based on competing definitions of human well-being. Considers the roles of
economics and culture in the measurement of social progress. Evaluates reflections of influential
African philosophers and global doctrines of the genre including the modernisation school,
dependency theory, neo-liberalism, the people’s development approach, the statist perspective.
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PHIL 422: Medieval Philosophy
A study of period themes in Scholastic works from Augustine to William of Ockham with
emphasis on Augustine’s Christian and Neo-Platonic synthesis, and the theologian philosophers of
the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries.
PHIL 423: Topics in Philosophical Logic

Varied issues in this broad literature may be canvassed: truth and negation, classical and
intuitionistic interpretations of the law of bivalence, many-valued logics, logical deviancy, modal
logic, meaning and necessity, the semantics and syntax of ontology, competing interpretations of
the quantifiers, introduction to proof theory.
PHIL 424: Topics in Philosophy of Mathematics

Examines the early debates about the nature of sets, the ontology of number, rudiments of
Cantor’s transfinite set theory and notions of infinity, Hilbert’s formalism and the development of
meta-mathematic at the end of the 19th century, debates about the ontology of number theory, the
philosophical implications of non-Euclidean geometries, the influence of computer technology on
proof theory, implications of fractals and chaos theory for metaphysics, social philosophy and
philosophy of mind.
PHIL 425: Long Essay

A student who intends to write a long essay in classics must have taken the course CLAS 420 in
Research Methods, whose principles they are to apply in critical reflections on perennial human
issues in Greek or Roman studies. The research topic is to be determined by the student in
consultation with the supervisor and with the approval of the Head of Department. Only single
majors with CGPA of 3.0 or better are eligible to register for Long Essay.
LEVEL 400 CLASSICS
CLAS 401: The Philosophy of Plato

A study of Middle Period Plato, with particular attention to his theories of forms, justice, soul and
political leadership.
CLAS 402: Roman Philosophy and Science

An account of the ancient Romans’ practical extensions of Greek Stoicism, Epicureanism, and
their adaptation of Greek mathematics, medicine and agriculture.
CLAS 403: Greek Literature and Society

A critical study of the interface between society and literature (based on selected literary genres,
including historiography, lyric, elegiac, and epic poetry, and the satirical elements in the works of
Archilochus, Hipponax, and Aristophanes).
CLAS 404: Roman Literature and Society

A close study of the interface between literature (especially epic, historiography, satire, lyric, and
elegiac poetry) and Roman society (especially the Republican and Imperial Eras).
CLAS 405: Leaders of Ancient Greece

A biographical study of some of the leading personalities in ancient Greece (e.g., Solon, Lycurgus,
Themistocles, Pericles, Alcibiades, Timoleon, Pelopidas, Epaminondas, Aristides, Philopoeman,
Pyrrhus, Lysander). The study involves a critical examination of the sources, the methodological
approaches to biography, and an assessment of the judgments in character sketches.
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CLAS 406: Leaders of Ancient Rome
A study of some leading statesmen of ancient Rome including some emperors. The study includes
a critical assessment of the sources, the methodological approaches to biography, and an
evaluation of the judgments in character sketches.
CLAS 407: Greek Historiography

This is a comprehensive introduction to Greek historiography, covering the contributions to the
genre and its varieties by classical, Hellenistic and post-Hellenistic authors. The focus will be on
the aims, themes, motivations, and approaches to history-writing; sources of data and methods of
data collection; theories of interpretation, explanation, standards of proof, and narrative
techniques.
CLAS 408: Roman Historiography

This covers the Greek influences, and the Roman contributors to the development of the genre; the
military and political background of the Roman historians; the aims, themes, motivations, and
approaches to history-writing; sources of evidence and methods of data collection; theories of
interpretation, explanation, and standards of proof.
CLAS 409: The Sophists

This studies the unique contribution of the sophists to the history of ideas and academic discipline,
by examining both sample texts associated with key sophists and their academic professions,
methods of persuasion, interests, and general outlook.
CLAS 410: Themes in Classical Studies

Certain aspects of human experience dominant in the Graeco-Roman context (e.g. military history)
are not covered in depth by any of the CLAS courses. This option will enable full time faculty
and visiting scholars to present specific research areas or the results of specialised scholarship in a
lecture format, without being restricted to a single author or particular text.
CLAS 411: Law, Individual, and Society in Ancient Greece

A study of statutory law in Greek antiquity, from Dreros and Gortyn in Crete in the 7th century BC
to the Athenian legal code commissioned in 410 BC. The focus is on the application of law in the
administration of justice in Athens.
CLAS 412: Law, Individual, and Society in Ancient Rome

A survey of the development of the Roman legal system from the Twelve Tables (450 BC) to the
Justinian Code (AD 528-34). Coverage includes discussions of the types, number and character of
judicial bodies; civil and criminal procedures; appeals, execution of judgment, and standards of
proof.
CLAS 413: Rhetoric in Ancient Greece

A study of the art of persuasion in Ancient Greece, covering the epical antecedents of oratory in
Homer, and the classical contributions to the genre by Plato, Isocrates, the Sophists, the
logographers, and Aristotle, with attention to persuasion and proof; creating the speech; arranging;
styling; delivering.
CLAS 414: Rhetoric in Ancient Rome

A study of rhetoric in Ancient Rome, covering the theoretical contributions to the art by Cicero,
Quintilian, Tacitus, and the anonymous Rhetorica ad Herennium. The study also examines the
application of rhetoric in politics, historiography, dialectic, memory theory, poetics, and ethics.
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CLAS 415: Reading Greek III
This level of Greek studies focuses on translation and practice in the construction of sentences,
both simple and complex.
CLAS 416: Reading Latin III

This focuses on translation and practice in the construction of complex sentences that build
reading proficiency.
CLAS 417: Reading Greek IV

This consolidates the lessons of the previous studies towards the acquisition of a working
proficiency through translation and the reading of prescribed primary texts in philosophy, fiction,
history, and various genres of poetry.
CLAS 418: Reading Latin IV

A consolidation of the lessons of the previous studies and on acquiring a working proficiency and
comprehension through the translation and the reading of prescribed primary texts in various
classical literary genres.
CLAS 419: Selected Author/Text

Option to pursue a specific author or text in greater depth and scope than the standard term-length
undergraduate syllabi allow. Available in both semesters to facilitate a sustained study. Offered
only according to the discretion of the department faculty.
CLAS 420: Research Methods

The specific objective of this course is to equip the student with an ability to do and present
independent research work. The course falls into two complementary parts. The first addresses the
issue of thesis preparation; the second part is a lesson in critical thinking, designed to enable the
student appreciate deductive validity, inductive force, and how to identify, construct, and assess
arguments.
CLAS 421: Long Essay

A student who intends to write a long essay in classics must have taken the course CLAS 420 in
Research Methods, whose principles they are to apply in critical reflections on perennial human
issues in Greek or Roman studies. The research topic is to be determined by the student in
consultation with the supervisor and with the approval of the Head of Department. Only single
majors with CGPA of 3.0 or better are eligible to register for Long Essay.
236
DEPARTMENT FOR THE STUDY OF RELIGIONS
INTRODUCTION
The Department for the Study of Religions of the University of Ghana is the oldest of such
departments in Ghana, and one of the oldest in Africa. It started as the Department of Divinity in
1948 as one of the original units of the Faculty of Arts of the then University College of the Gold
Coast. Its current name was adopted in 1962 to reflect the secular and multi-religious character of
the country. The change of name was also to reflect the orientation of the Department as a sub-unit
of a public secular university committed to the academic rather than confessional approach to the
study of religion.
The Department is dedicated to the promotion of the scientific study of religions but also
continues with the promotion of high quality theological education for a just, peaceful and humane
society. The academic training provided by the Department is intended to equip scholars to
understand and interpret the world and society and to enable them respond creatively to the
challenges presented by the multi-cultural local and global environments of the modern world.
There is also a serious academic engagement with African Indigenous Religions with the aim of
making a distinctive African, and for that matter Ghanaian, contribution to religious and
theological studies.
PROGRAMME STRUCTURE
LEVEL 100
FIRST SEMESTER
Students to choose any two UGRC Courses (6 credits) in addition to SREL 111
SREL 111 Introduction to Islam 3
Other Subjects 2 courses from other departments in your combination 6
SECOND SEMESTER
Students to choose any two UGRC courses (6 credits) in addition to SREL 112*
SREL 112 Introduction to Christianity 3
Other Subjects 2 courses from other departments in your combination 6
* The UGRC courses chosen in the First Semester must be different from those chosen in the
Second semester.
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LEVEL 200
First Semester
Students to choose either UGRC 210 or UGRC 220-238* (3 credits) in addition to SREL 211
and SREL 213
SREL 211 Introduction to the Study of Religions 3
SREL 213 Introduction to Philosophy of Religion 3
Other Subjects 2 Courses from the other assigned Department (s) 6
SECOND SEMESTER
Students to choose either UGRC 210 or 220-238 (3 credits) in addition to SREL 214 and
SREL 216 *
SREL 214 Introduction to Ethical Theories and Religious 3
Ethical Systems
SREL 216 Introduction to Theological Studies 3
Other Subjects 2 Courses from the other assigned Department (s) 6
* The UGRC courses chosen in the First Semester must be different from those chosen in the
Second semester
LEVEL 300
Major: A minimum of 24 credits by the end of the year
Combined: A minimum of 15 credits by the end of the year
Minor: A minimum of 6 credits by the end of the year
FIRST SEMESTER
Students should choose one of three options: Christian option, Islamic option or Religious Studies
option. They are required to choose the General Core course (SREL 315: African Indigenous
Religions) in addition to the appropriate option core course. Students should then select their
remaining credits from their chosen options. Minimum credit requirements are as follows: Major
12; Combined 7 ½; Minor 3 per semester.
GENERAL CORE
SREL 315 African Indigenous Religions 3
CHRISTIAN OPTION
CORE
SREL 339 Old Testament Introduction 3
ELECTIVES
SREL 377 Introduction to Biblical Exegesis and 3
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Hermeneutics
SREL 379 Background to the New Testament 3
SREL 383 The History of the Early Church 3
SREL 385 Christian Ethics 3
SREL 397 Introduction to the Pentateuch 3
SREL 399 Introduction to the Synoptic Gospels 3
SREL 331 New Testament Greek I 3
SREL 365 Religion and the Renaissance 3
SREL 367 Christianity in the Middle Ages 3
ISLAMIC OPTION
CORE
SREL 313 Qur’anic Studies 3
ELECTIVES
SREL 389 The Life of Mohammad 3
SREL 333 Islamic Ethics 3
SREL 375 Arabic I (Unavailable to Students of Arabic) 3
RELIGIOUS STUDIES OPTION

CORE
SREL 391 Religion in Ghana 3
ELECTIVES
SREL 349 Psychology of Religion 3
SREL 393 Gender Issues in Religion and Culture 3
SREL 395 African Traditional Ethics 3
SREL 373 Historical Studies of Africa Indigenous Religions 3
LEVEL 300
SECOND SEMESTER
Students should choose one of three options: Christian Option, Islamic Option or Religious
Studies Option. They are required to choose the General Core course (SREL312- Oriental
Religions) in addition to the appropriate option core course. Students should then select their
12; Combined 7 ½; Minor 3 per semester.
GENERAL CORE
COURSE CODE COURSE TITLE CREDIT
SREL 312 Oriental Religions 3
CHRISTIAN OPTION
CORE
SREL 374 New Testament Introduction 3
ELECTIVES
SREL 324 New Testament Texts in Greek (pre-req.: Srel 332) 3
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SREL 354 New Testament Interpretation (Pre-req: Srel 377) 3
SREL332 New Testament Greek II (Pre-req: Srel 331) 3
SREL 302 Pentecostalism in Ghana 3
SREL 358 The Reformation 3
SREL 306 Introduction to Pauline Literature 3
ISLAMIC OPTION
CORE
SREL 314 Hadith Studies 3
ELECTIVE
SREL 396 Arabic II (Pre-req: Srel 375, Unavailable to students 3
of Arabic)
SREL 336 Arabic Texts (Pre-req: Srel 396) 3
SREL 384 The Orthodox Caliphate ( Pre-req: Srel 389) 3
SREL 346 Islam in Ghana 3

CORE
SREL 388 Philosophy Set Texts 3
ELECTIVES
SREL 382 African Myths and Symbols 3
SREL 362 Religion and Leadership 3
SREL 368 Magic and Witchcraft 3
SREL 392 Contemporary Ethical and Moral Issues 3
SREL 372 Methodological Issues in African Indigenous Religions 3
LEVEL 400
Major: A minimum of 30 credits by the end of the year.
Combined: A minimum of 15 credits by the end of the year.
FIRST SEMESTER
Students should choose one of three options: Christian option, Islamic option or Religious Studies
option. They are required to choose the general core course (SREL 403 Comparative Study of
Religion) in addition to the appropriate option core course(s). Students should then select their
12; Combined 7 ½.
GENERAL CORE
SREL 403 Comparative Study of Religion 3
CHRISTIAN OPTION
CORE
SREL 453 Theology and Ethics of the Old Testament 3
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ELECTIVES
SREL 461 Missions 3
SREL 455 Introduction to Old Testament Prophetic 3
and Apocalyptic Literature
SREL 457 Introduction to Johannine Literature 3
SREL 467 Hebrew I 3
SREL 469 The Theology of the Gospels 3
SREL 471 The Doctrine of the Early Church ( Pre-req:
Srel 383)
SREL 475 The Old Testament & African Life & 3
Thought
ISLAMIC OPTION
CORE
SREL 409 The Faith & Practice of Islam 3
ELECTIVES
SREL 407 Islamic Spirituality 3
SREL 449 Islamic History and Civilization 3
SREL 463 Arabic III 3
SREL 465 Advanced Qur’anic Studies 3
SREL 473 Islam in West Africa 3
SREL 479 Modern Trends in Islam 3

CORE
SREL 477 Comparative Ethics 3
ELECTIVES
SREL 451 Religion & Society 3
SREL 483 Religion & Human Rights 3
SREL 459 Ecological Ethics 3
SREL 425 African Indigenous Religion & 3
Development
GENERAL ELECTIVE
SREL 410 Long Essay 3
SREL 481 Special Paper I 3
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LEVEL 400
SECOND SEMESTER
Students should choose one of three options: Christian Option, Islamic Option or Religious
Studies Option. They are required to choose the appropriate option core course(s). Students should
then select their remaining credits from their chosen options. Minimum credit requirements are as
follows: Major 12; Combined 7 ½.
CHRISTIAN OPTION
CORE
SREL 416 West African Church History 3
SREL 426 Theology & Ethics of the New Testament 3
ELECTIVES 3
SREL 406 Old Testament Texts in Hebrew 3
SREL 428 Christianity & African Culture 3
SREL 458 Old Testament Interpretation ( Pre-req: Srel 377) 3
SREL 464 Hebrew II ( Pre-req: Srel 467) 3
SREL 476 Introduction to Wisdom Literature 3
SREL 478 The Theology of St. Paul 3
SREL 488 The Doctrine of the Holy Spirit in Christian History 3
ISLAMIC OPTION
CORE
SREL 424 Shariah 3
ELECTIVES
SREL 446 Islamic Theology 3
SREL 448 Islam & African Culture 3
SREL462 Advanced Hadith Studies 3

CORE
SREL 468 History of Religion in West Africa 3
ELECTIVES
SREL 436 Women in African Indigenous Religions 3
SREL 484 Professional Ethics 3
SREL 486 Intra & Inter Faith Relations 3
SREL 482 Religion in the African Diaspora 3
GENERAL ELECTIVE
SREL 410 Long Essay 3
SREL 474 Special Paper II 3
Course Descriptions
SREL 111: Introduction to Islam
Introduction to Arabia in the 6th Century, life of Prophet, the spread of Islam, Islamic Sacred
Texts, beliefs and practices(Articles of Faith and Pillars of Islam), Islamic groups i.e. Sunnis,
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Shites, Ahmadiyya, Ahlus Sunna, Tijaniyya etc. Aspects of Islam in Ghana, Misconceptions about
Islam e.g. jihad, women, Shariah etc.
SREL 112: Introduction to Christianity

The origins and development of Christianity; its early spread; differences among the various forms
of Christianity: Orthodox, Roman Catholic; Protestantism; Pentecostalism; Key doctrines and
Traditions; Christianity in Africa; Christianity in Ghana. Ecumenical bodies – the World Council
of Churches, the All African Conference of Churches, the Christian Council of Ghana, the Ghana
Bishops’ Conference and the Ghana Pentecostal Council, among others.
SREL 211: Introduction to the Study of Religions

Methods of studying Religions, especially the scientific/phenomenological approach. Theories of
Religion, e.g., Definitions and Origins of Religion, Dimensions and characteristics of Religion,
e.g., Religious experience and its expressions. Social dimensions of Religion with special
emphasis on the African/Ghanaian situations. The study shall reflect the pluralistic nature of
Religion.
SREL 213: Introduction to Philosophy of Religion

The nature of religious and philosophical thinking. The nature, concerns and methodology of
Philosophy of Religion. Aspects of religious faith and practice that provoke philosophical
questions, e.g., arguments for and against the existence of God; life after death; miracles; prayer
and providence; the problem of evil; meaning and problem of religious language; analogy.
Verification. Reason, Faith and Revelation. Humanism. Religious pluralism and truth.
SREL 214: Introduction to Ethical Theories and Religious Ethical Systems

Definition of various terms; e.g., Ethics and Morality; Moral/Non-moral; Moral/Amoral; Moral/
Immoral. Examination of a variety of ethical theories; e.g., Utilitarianism; Stoicism; Kantianism;
Situation Ethics. Main features of Christian Ethics, African Traditional Ethics, and Islamic Ethics.
Examination of some specific ethical and moral teachings related to such things as sexuality,
wealth and stewardship.
SREL 21 6: Introduction to Theological Studies

Definitions, meaning and nature of theology from Christianity, Islam and African Indigenous
Religions (AIR) perspectives; Methodological issues – basic theological orientation; exegesis and
interpretation, academic and popular approaches; importance of context in theologizing; some key
theological elements in AIR, Christianity and Islam. Some contemporary theological issues in
relation to culture, religion, ecology, health and development.
LEVEL 300
SREL 302: Pentecostalism in Ghana

The socio-religious setting of Ghanaian Pentecostalism. The History of Pentecostalism;
Spirituality, Theology and Practices of Pentecostalism. Pentecostalism and Ghanaian social life.
SREL 368: Magic and Witchcraft

Definition of terms. Witchcraft and magic in the Bible. Witch hunting; witch meetings.
Cannibalism and the Black Mass. Witches and devils. Confessions. Interpretations of European
Witchcraft and magic. Modern African witchcraft and magic. Activities of African witches;
confessions of African witches; African witch hunting; witch doctors; the social setting of
witchcraft and magic. The future of witchcraft and magic.
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SREL 306: Introduction to Pauline Literature
The issue of Pauline authorship of the writings attributed to St. Paul, their dating, place of writing,
background, addressees, purpose and how these writings fit into the life of Paul. The contents,
concerns and main theological themes of these writings.
SREL 312: Oriental Religions

The course surveys Eastern/Oriental religions in their diversities; it explores the history of their
origins and growth; their fundamental teachings and the variety of forms they assume as they
travel beyond their original homes; a focus on Hinduism, Buddhism, Sikhism, Jainism, Taoism,
Confucianism and Shinto; their modern manifestations around the world, especially, their presence
in Ghana.
SREL 313: Qur'anic Studies

Jahiliyya Arabia, a study of literary work in the Jahiliyya period, concept of revelation, divine
origins of the Qur’an, development of the Qur’an(revelation, preservation, compilation and
standardization). Composition of the Qur’an, (i.e. Makkan, Madinan, Hizb, Juz, Manzil), Tafsir or
Exegesis and types, a study of selected Suwar of the Qur’an, relevance of the Qur’an to Muslims,
the Qur’an and Orientalists.
SREL 314: Hadith Studies

Definition, origin and structure of Hadith with reference to Sunnah, Isnad and Matn.
Transmission, Preservation, Collection and Classification of Hadith. Six authentic collections of
Hadith. Muwatta, Musanad of Ahmad b. Hanbal and al-Nawawi collections. A study of selected
Ahadith from al-Nawawi including Nos. 1, 2, and 3. The religious, cultural and social significance
of Hadith
SREL 315: African Indigenous Religions

Critical study of existing sources. Methods and approaches to studying African Indigenous
Religions. Reflections on some themes on the structure and characteristics of African Indigenous
Religions with emphasis on their relevance for society. Rituals. Reflections on some basic issues
in relation to beliefs in African Indigenous Religions, e.g., Life, the hereafter, humanity in
relation to nature/ ecology. Concepts of community, ethics and destiny. Cult personnel. Current
trends.
SREL 324: New Testament Texts in Greek

This is an advanced New Testament Greek course. It aims at helping students gain proficiency
through the reading and translation of selected books or passages from the New Testament.
Attention will be paid to exegetical and theological in the selected texts.
SREL 331: New Testament Greek I

The course introduces students to the fundamentals of New Testament Greek. It will cover: Greek
orthography-alphabet, accents, transliteration; the structure of a sentence – the parts of speech,
clauses, phrases; the Greek verbal system and morphology – active, Middle and passive voices
and the different moods(indicate, imperative, subjective, particple, infinitive). Nouns and
adjectives 1st and 2nd declensions. The 1st declension, predicative/attributive use of words in a
sentence; pronouns – personal, demonstrative, reflexive; prepositions and compound verbs.
SREL 332: New Testament Greek II (Pre-requisite: SREL 331)

This is a continuation of Greek 1. Students will be introduced to more complex syntactic and
grammatical issues. This course will deal with the following: 3 rd declension nouns; indefinite and
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interrogative pronouns; contract and «mi» verbs; comparative and superlative adverbs and
adjectives and genitive absolute.
SREL 333: Islamic Ethics

General introduction to ethics. Characteristics of Muslim Ethics and morality. Selected moral
philosophers, e.g., Imam Ghazzali. Inner and external actions. Moral education and enforcement
of morals. Ethical and moral teachings, contemporary issues e.g., human rights, abortion,
HIV/AIDS, usury, teenage pregnancy.
SREL 339: Old Testament Introduction

The History of the formation of the Old Testament Canon.
Basic literary features/problems associated with the three divisions of the TANAK (Torah,
Neviim, Kethuviim). Questions of Jewish, Christian (Catholic and Protestant) positions about the
Old Testament Canon and how they affect the interpretation of the OT Scripture (e.g. the
Septuagint, Apocrypha, Deutero-canon etc).
SREL 346: Islam in Ghana

The origins and development of Islam in Ghana. The origins, nature and characteristics of Islam in
the Volta Basin. Islam in the North, Asante and on the coast of Ghana. Islam and national politics;
Islamic literacy tradition; Islamic organizations; Islamic leadership; inter-religious relations;
Zongo and national development; etc.
SREL 349: Psychology of Religion

Psychological understanding of religious experience. Religion as pathological and as therapeutic.
Conversion. Religion and stress. Religion and personal values. The religious individual and
society. Religious experience in the Ghanaian context.
SREL 354: New Testament Interpretation (Pre-req.: SREL 377)

A study of the historical background, the context and purpose of selected New Testament books.
An exegetical study of the selected book that makes use of modern hermeneutical methods,
including linguistic analysis, textual criticism and other historical-critical methods.
SREL 358: The Reformation

The background to the Reformation. The causes of the Reformation. Erasmus and Martin Luther.
Martin Luther and the Holy Roman See. The Formation of Lutheran Churches. The Roman
Catholic Reformation (The Counter-Reformation). The Reformation and the emergence of
Missionary Societies
SREL 362: Religion and Leadership

Examination of various forms of traditional leadership forms (e.g., Chieftaincy, Priesthhood,
Asafo Leadership, Female chiefs and leaders, new forms of traditional Leadership such as the
“chiefs of Development”, etc). The impact of social change and modernity on these forms of
leadership. The impact of Islam and Christianity on traditional forms of leadership. The impact of
the religious aspects of traditional leadership on modern types of leadership in Ghana. The
responses of traditional leadership forms to the challenges of modernity and non-indigenous
religions like Islam and Christianity; adaptations and the future of traditional leadership.
245
SREL 365: Religion and the Renaissance
The rise of the Renaissance. Renaissance and Reformation. The rise of rationalism and Religion.
The influence of Liberal Protestantism. The Renaissance and the 19 th Century Missions in Ghana.
The Renaissance and Religions in Ghana: effects and impact. The future of Religion in Ghana.
SREL 367: Christianity in the Middle Ages

The Growth of Christianity 700 to 1300. Christianity and Islam. The Papacy. The Religious
Orders. Dissent and Pentecostalism in the Middle Ages. Magic and Witchcraft: European and
Ghanaian. Religion and the Decline of Magic. The Rise and fall of scholasticism. Late Medieval
Missions and Ghana.
SREL 372: Methodological Issues in African Indigenous Religions

Issues of research methodology in African Indigenous Religions. Critical examination of some
theoretical and methodological approaches e.g. phenomenological, comparative, sociological,
anthropological, linguistic, meta-narrative etc. Engagement with current issues: Insider/Outsider
debate, self-reflexivity and research sensitivity.
SREL 373: Historical Studies of Africa Indigenous Religions

Historical development of African Indigenous Religions (A.I.R.) as an academic subject,
definitions and problems. Attitudes and stereotypes that affect the research and study of AIR.
Historical encounter between African Indigenous Religions and Islam, Christianity etc. Current
developments in the study area.
SREL 374: New Testament Introduction

The history of the formation of the New Testament canon. Outstanding literary problems found in
the Gospels (e.g., Synoptic Problem, Proto-Luke hypothesis). Questions of authorship, date, place
and purpose of writing, etc, of the New Testament books.
SREL375: Arabic I (Unavailable to students of Arabic)

Elementary Grammar. Selected short passages from both the Qur’an and the Hadith.
SREL 377: Introduction to Biblical Exegesis and Hermeneutics

Definition of terms (exegesis; Hermeneutics); Biblical Hermeneutics and Exegesis in historical
perspective. Historical-critical exegesis; Structuralist exegesis; Post-modern exegesis - the
philosophical presuppositions and cultural conditions, the methods and the advantages and
disadvantages of each of these approaches. An Integrated Hermeneutical Model of Contextual
exegesis.
SREL 379: Background to the New Testament

The political, economic, social and religious situation of Palestine at the time of Christ. The
attempts at the hellenization of Palestine under Antiochus IV Epiphanes. Roman involvement in
Palestine from 63 B.C. to the Bar Cochba Revolt (A.D. 132-135). Religious groups and
institutions in Judaism; feasts and festivals.
SREL 382: African Myths and Symbols

Theories of Myths; the universality of mythical motifs and symbols, and the functional value of
myths and symbols. Detailed study of selected myths from various religious traditions especially
African/ Ghanaian ones. Cross-cultural comparison of Myths and Symbols.
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SREL 383: The History of the Early Church
The Jewish and Graeco-Roman setting and the beginnings of the Church. Christianity and the
Roman Empire. Attacks on Christianity and the work of the Apologists. Outstanding religious
movements and personalities. Asceticism and Monasticism. Christianity in North Africa.
SREL 384: The Orthodox Caliphate (Pre-req.: SREL 389)

Concept and origins of the Caliphate as a religious and political institution. Introduction to the
four Caliphs. Expansion of Islam. Administration of Territories. The Caliphs and their non-
Muslim subjects. Civil wars. Rise of early sects.
SREL 385: Christian Ethics

General introduction to ethics. Distinctive characteristics of Christian Ethics. Development of Old
Testament Ethics. Some ethical teachings of Jesus, Paul, the Reformers. The Place of the Holy
Spirit in the moral life. Christian decision-making process. Some contemporary social problems
considered from Christian ethical and moral perspectives, e.g., genetic engineering, abortion,
extra-marital relations, teenage pregnancy, gambling, drug addiction, Church-State relations, work
ethic, gospel and culture.
SREL 386: New Religious Movements

Theories of origins, and typologies. Attraction. International and local influence in Ghana.
Detailed study of selected International Movements, e.g., Nichiren Shoshu, ISKCON, Eckankar,
etc., and local/ indigenous Movements, e.g., Afrikania Mission, Independent Churches,
Charismatic Ministries and Charismatic Movements within Mainline Churches.
SREL 388: Philosophy Set Texts

Historical and critical study of selected texts from major philosophers and theologians – pre-
Christian, non-religious, anti-religious, Christian and Islamic; and from the classical, medieval,
modern and contemporary periods. Philosophers to be studied will include Plato, Aristotle,
Augustine, Aquinas, Hume, Kant, Kierkegaard, Wittgenstein, John Hick; Al-Kindi, Al-Farabi,
Ibn-Sina (Avicenna), Ibn Rushd, Al-Ghazzali, the Mu’tazilah. Topics will include: the nature of
God, Analogy, Religious Language, Religious Experience, Reason and Faith, Knowledge,
Revelation, Evil, Miracles, The Soul, Meaning of Life and Death, Immortality, Science and
Religion.
SREL 389: The Life of Muhammad

Arabia in the age of Jahiliyya. Arabia’s relationship with Persian, Byzantine and Abyssinian
empires. Early life of Muhammad. Call to prophethood. Muhammad at Mecca. Muhammad at
Medina. Death of Muhammad. The Prophet Muhammad in the writings of the Orientalists.
SREL 391: Religion in Ghana

The role of Religion in traditional Ghanaian societies; the role of Religion in modern Ghanaian
society; Religious revitalization and social change; Religious diversity, tension and conflicts; Civil
religion.
SREL 392: Contemporary Ethical and Moral Issues

The theological, ethical and moral dimensions of some contemporary social issues and problems.
Issues will be taken from the fields of medicine, politics, family life, culture, business, etc.
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SREL 393: Gender Issues in Religion and Culture
Definition of religion, gender and culture and how these are related. Theoretical and
methodological issues; critique and deconstruction of religious traditions, beliefs and practices
with regard to gender; reconstructing images of gender and power relationship. New and renewing
models of gender relationship in the work of such groups and bodies as Circle of Concerned
African Theologians, Institute of Women in Religion and Culture, FOMWAG, etc. leadership
structures in major religions in Ghana, violence and religion.
SREL 395: African Traditional Ethics

Diversity and uniformity of Values in Traditional African Societies. The moral standard. Survey
of moral ideals and practices in African societies. Virtues and Vices. Critical study of methods of
moral education and enforcement of morality. The place of community, tradition and religion in
morals. Study of the works of selected writers on African ethics. Modernism and traditional values
and practices. Reform. Discussion of some contemporary social problems from the traditional
perspective.
SREL 396: Arabic II (pre-req.: SREL 375; Unavailable to students of Arabic)

Lessons in Grammar. Selected long passages from both the Qur’an and the Hadith. Local and
foreign drama and novels on religious topics.
SREL 397: Introduction to the Pentateuch

Historical background of Ancient Israel and the Text of the Old Testament; The formation of the
Pentateuch: principal theories and their values; relationship between narrative and legal Texts; the
Sinaitic covenant and its importance in the history of Israel; exegetical study of selected texts.
SREL 399: Introduction to the Synoptic Gospels

The issue of the authorship of the Synoptic Gospels, their dating, place of writing, background,
addressees and purpose. The Synoptic Problem. The contents, concerns and main theological
themes of these gospels.
LEVEL 400
SREL 403: The Comparative Study of Religions

Treatment of themes in Religions comparatively in order to uncover universal conceptual patterns
of religiosity and how these are expressed contextually in different Faiths. Treatment of such
themes as conceptions and categories of Ultimate reality; the concept of Man; Soteriology and
Rituals.
SREL 453: Theology and Ethics of the Old Testament

Knowledge of God, Covenant, Theology of kingship, Messianic expectation, Problem of
suffering, The Destiny of Man, Old Testament perspective on death. Basic characteristics of Old
Testament Ethics, the concept of truth, possession and use of wealth, real estate. The Decalogue,
work and worship, concept of law and administration of justice.
SREL 406: Old Testament Texts in Hebrew

This is an Advanced Hebrew Course in which the student will be required to exhibit a mastery
over grammar, vocabulary and syntax of Biblical Hebrew as a foundation for proficient reading
and translation, and interpretation of Assigned Old Testament Texts in prose and poetry. The
Course will entail the commitment of the student to employ all the seven stems (verbal forms) of
the Hebrew language: Qal, Niphal, Hiphil, Hophal, Piel, Pual, Hithpael, including their specific
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conjugations, participles infinitives etc., and other morphological, grammatical and syntactic
nuances as they are presented in the texts. The nature and techniques of Old Testament narrative
and Old Testament poetry including metrics, line and strophic structure as they are exhibited in the
texts will further be explored.
SREL 407: Islamic Spirituality

The origin and development of Sufism. Asceticism, mysticism and pantheism. Al-Ghazzali and
Sufism. The Fraternities. The origin and development of Islamic Philosophy. Orthodoxy,
Rationalism. Al-Ashari, Al-Kindi, Al-Farabi, Ibn Sina and Al-Ghazzali.
SREL 409: The Faith and Practice of Islam

Introduction to the main belief systems, creeds, doctrines and dogmas of Islam. An assessment of
their influence on the daily life of the Muslim. The main Islamic Rituals and Modes of worship.
The five pillars of Islam; the doctrinal teachings behind them and their relevance to the conduct of
the Muslim.
SREL 410: Long Essay

An approved project work to be taken up under supervision. To be completed before the end of the
academic year.
SREL 416: West African Church History

Assessment of materials on the History of the Church in West Africa. Events which led to the
establishment of Christianity in West Africa - Two stages of mission (1) Catholic, Portuguese -
15th century. (2) Protestant and Catholic - from 18th century. Mission Theories and Mission
Methods. Mission and West African Cultures. Impact and consequences. Formation of African
Churches. Types of Mission, Ministry, Evangelism today.
SREL 426: The Theology and Ethics of the New Testament

Major New Testament theological and ethical issues as presented by Paul, the Synoptics and the
Johannine literature. Paul’s understanding of Sin and its remedy, the Holy Spirit and his gifts, the
church, and the resurrection of the dead. The work of Jesus and how he carried it out (e.g., by way
of parables and miracles) and some of the major concepts in the writings of John. Some ethical
matters based on the New Testament such as property and wealth, marriage and divorce, politics
and revolution.
SREL 424: Shariah

Sources and development of Islamic Law. Nature and scope of Islamic Law. Islamic Legal
Categories and Conceptions. Development of the four main schools of law. Law of personal
status. Law of contract. Family law. Marriage, divorce, inheritance: wills and bequests: succession
and inheritance. Penal law. Commercial law. Politics and the State. Modern legal reforms. The
practical aspects of the Shariah, including its implementation in some African states and the
attendant problems.
SREL 425: African Indigenous Religions and Development

Defining major concepts: African, indigenous, religions, development. Indigenous beliefs and
practices, concepts of development. Attitudes towards African Indigenous Religions, knowledge
systems and their roles in modern concepts of development. Impact and problems. Emerging
trends: leadership systems e.g. priest and priestesses, Nk‫כ‬suo‫כ‬hene, chiefs, queen-mothers and
other traditional leaders and local government in relation to community development.
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SREL 428: Christianity and African Culture
The historical encounter between Christianity and African Traditional Religions. Problems of the
encounter, e.g., Chieftancy, Libation, Polygamy, Healing, Ancestral beliefs, Rites of Passage,
Taboos, etc. The counter influences of the two faiths on each other especially in the lives of
adherents; intellectual and practical attempts at the indigenisation of Christianity.
SREL 446: Islamic Theology

Meaning, origin and development of Islamic theology. Early Muslim Sects, scholastic theology.
Maturing of Sunni Theology. A study of some classical theologians e.g. Al-Ashari and Imam
Ghazzali. Influences on the growth and development of Muslim Thought. Shi’ite theology and
contemporary Muslim theologians.
SREL 448: Islam and African Culture

Introduction to the History of Islam in Africa with special reference to Ghana. Comparative study
of some African and Islamic concepts, e.g, God, Divinities, Man, Spirits. Adaptation of Islam in
the African context.
SREL 449: Islamic History and Civilization

Overview of selected dynasties, e.g. the Umayyads, the Abbasids. Influences on Islamic
civilisation. Theological developments, intellectual, scientific and cultural achievements. Classical
Islamic institutions, influence of Islam on Medieval Europe. Abolition of the Ottoman Caliphate.
SREL 451: Religion and Society

Religion and Ethics as socializing influences. Religion and development. Elements of
individuality and plurality in religious communities and their relevance for Ghanaian society.
Religious faith, property and wealth. Religion and politics in Ghana. Religious communities and
the State in Ghana.
SREL 455: Introduction to Old Testament Prophetic and Apocalyptic Literature

General Issues: historical and social contexts of the Prophets; origin and final form of the
prophetic books: textual types; texts and prophetic phenomenon in the Ancient Near East. The
four great collections (Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel, and the Twelve Minor Prophets); structure,
summary of the content and the redaction history of selected books; reading of some significant
passages and theological reflection. Apocalyptic literature; origin and characteristics. The book of
Daniel: introduction and reading of important passages.
SREL 457: Introduction to Johannine Literature

The Fourth Gospel; introduction: author, date of composition, relationship with the Synoptics;
structure and some characteristic themes; exegetical study of selected passages. The Letters: their
relation with the fourth Gospel; their literary structures; exegetical study of selected passages from
the First Letter. Revelation: historical background; literary genre and structure; exegetical study of
selected passages.
SREL 458: Old Testament Interpretation (Pre-req.: SREL 377)

The Course affords the student the opportunity to employ the exegetical/hermeneutical tools
studied in Course SREL 377: Introduction to Biblical Exegesis and Hermeneutics, towards the
development of theological /literary position on selected themes in the Old Testament. At the end
of the course students will be able to (i) demonstrate a general knowledge of the enterprise of
Biblical exegesis/hermeneutics (ii) demonstrate knowledge in the ways in which specific
hermeneutical tools are employed to make meaning out of various texts (iii) use the Old Testament
250
to discuss contemporary issues. Areas to be covered will include: the history of Old Testament
Interpretation, Basic Issues in the Current debate in Old Testament Interpretation, Beginnings and
Development of Old Testament Theology, The Question of Methodology, The Question of
History, History of Tradition and Salvation History, Basic Proposals for Interpreting Old
Testament and Old Testament Theology for today.
SREL 459: Ecological Ethics

Ecology: Definitions. Development of ecological philosophies/ethics. Religion and ecology;
Culture and ecology. Approaches to ecological ethics. Theological approaches to ecology.
Anthropocentrism/ Ecocentrism. Life ethics and anima: l rights. Eco-tourism. Sustainability of the
ecosystem.
SREL 461: Missions

Meaning, Biblical and Theological foundations of Mission. The Early Period – from Pentecost to
the Middle Ages. The Medieval Period to the 19 th Century. The Modern Period (20th Century):
Missionary activities in West Africa, e.g., Policies, Methods, Principles and Strategies of the
historic Missionary Societies in evangelizing West Africa. New trends in mission, ministry and
evangelization.
Current problems, e.g., mission and the cultural revolution in Ghana.
SREL 462: Advanced Hadith Studies

A study of the Arabic and English translation of selected Ahadith of An Nawawi’s Collection of
Hadiths. A study of selected Ahadith in Arabic and English from Imam Khomeini’s Forty
Hadiths. Emphasis on identification, interpretation, application and lessons in the selected
Hadiths. Gharib al Hadith.
SREL 463: Arabic III (Pre-req.: SREL 396)

Translation of selected texts from Qur’an and Hadith. Theological and exegetical study of selected
texts.
SREL 464: Hebrew II (Pre-requisite: SREL 467)

This Course is a continuation of Hebrew I in which aspects of the Hebrew grammar, vocabulary
and syntax not covered in Hebrew I will be taught. It is expected that students will gain more
competence and confidence towards the reading and translation of more complex Biblical texts in
prose and poetry. Areas to be covered will include the other Verbal Stems : Niphal, Piel, Pual,
Hiphil, Hophal and Hithpael their respective Conjugations in Perfect and Imperfect Tenses;
Pronominal Suffixes with Masculine and Feminine Nouns, Verbs with initial or final laryngal
consonants, and translations of Biblical Texts structure in the areas covered.
SREL 465: Advanced Quranic Studies

General introduction to the Quran as a Revelation, Qur’anic exegesis, Peculiarities in
Interpretation of the Quran, Approaches to the study of the Quran, Early schools of classical and
medieval exegesis, Survey of Tafsir literature, Studies on the Translation of the Quran, Modern
Qur’anic Translations and Commentaries and Themes in the Quran.
SREL 467: Hebrew I

The purpose of this course is to introduce students to the fundamental topics in Biblical Hebrew
that will prepare them for deeper studies into the Hebrew language to afford them the ability to
read and understand the Old Testament (TANAKH) in the Hebrew language. At the end of the
course students will be able to (i) know and write the Hebrew Consonants and vowels (ii) read and
251
understand basic Hebrew sentences and (iii) identify the seven Hebrew Verb Stems and the
Conjugation of One of them. (Qal). Areas to be covered will include, The Hebrew Alphabets,
Vowels and Syllable Structure, The Noun Sentence, The Hebrew Verb, Qal Perfect, Construct
Relationship, Suffixed Pronouns, Qal imperfect, Adjectives and Demonstratives, Qal Active and
Participles, and Translation of Biblical Texts structured in the areas covered.
SREL 469: The Theology of the Gospels

The historical Jesus; the individual gospels of Mark, Matthew, Luke and John and their
presentations of Jesus. E.g., Mark’s presentation of Jesus as a miracle worker; the relationship
between the old Israel and the Church in Matthew and Jesus as a teacher of ethics; universalism in
Luke; the Logos and Paraclete concepts in John, among others.
SREL 436: Women in African Indigenous Religions

Definitions of concepts. Examination of the various concepts and stereotypes of womanhood in
Africa. Status, roles, rights and responsibilities of women in African Indigenous Religious. Female
leaderships in indigenous set-ups. Emerging roles of women in African Indigenous Religions.
Challenges. Selected case studies.
SREL 468: History of Religion in West Africa

Introduction to the history of the major religious traditions in West Africa, i.e., Traditional
Religion, Islam and Christianity. Their modes of growth, and main institutions; their encounter
with each other; modern religious trends in the West African region.
SREL 471: The Doctrine of the Early Church (Pre-req.: SREL 383)
Doctrinal beginnings in the Early Church. Trinitarian heresies (e.g., modalism), Christological
heresies (e.g., Arianism) and the Church’s response to these heresies. The development of
Trinitarian and Christological doctrines. Christ’s saving work. Sin, grace and human freedom. The
Christian community. The Doctrine of the sacraments. The Christian hope.
SREL 473: Islam in West Africa

North Africa and the spread and dissemination of Islam to the Western and Central Sudan. Islam
in the ancient kingdom of the Western Central Sudan. The spread of Islam to the Volta basin.
Modes of and factors facilitating the dissemination of Islam. The Fulani Jihads. Islam, Western
colonization and decolonization. The Sufi brotherhood. Islamic education and institutions. Current
trends in Islam with special attention to Ghana.
SREL 474: Special Paper II

Any current topical issues in the study of religions can be packaged and offered as a course under
this title.
SREL 475: The Old Testament and African Life and Thought
Attitude to the Old Testament in the history of the Church. African Christians and the Old
Testament. Comparative study: theology of nature, spirit possession, the individual and the
community, the concept of alienation, death and beyond.
SREL 476: Introduction to Wisdom Literature

The Course is an introduction to the third division of the Hebrew Bible which is Kethuviim, and
the specific purpose in which Wisdom as an integral part of Jewish cosmology played a significant
role. Areas to be covered will include Wisdom in early Israel, The Wisdom of Solomon, The
earliest Core of Proverbs, Pre-exilic Wisdom, Post -exilic Wisdom and how the catastrophe of the
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exile shaped and pre-empted the issues raised in Proverbs, Job and Ecclesiastes. Themes such as
Theodicy, the Suffering of the Righteous, the futility of life and its pursuits, Eschatology as a
panacea towards the sustenance of Israel’s religion will be explored in the main Books of Wisdom
Literature in the Old Testament Canon.
SREL 477: Comparative Ethics

A study of the teachings of some ethical systems and moral theologians, e.g., African Traditional,
Christian, Muslim, Humanist, ethical systems. Analysis and comparison of basic themes and
values such as the summum bonum and the ideals of life; the moral standard: scales of values;
guides to action: moral education, enforcement of morals; and moral reformation: moral decision-
making process; virtues and vices; cherished values and abhorred vices. Religion and Ethics.
Problem of a national ethic. Discussion of attitudes to some contemporary social problems, e.g.,
human rights, abortion, homosexuality, drug trafficking and addiction, war and violence, work and
discipline.
SREL 478: The Theology of St. Paul

Paul’s background (Pharisaic, Qumranic, Rabbinic background, Hellenism, the revelation to Paul,
Paul’s apostolic experience). Pauline soteriology (Christ’s role in salvation history, reconciliation,
expiation, justification). The person of Christ; Holy Spirit; Sacraments. Pauline anthropology (the
human being before Christ, human being in Christ); Pauline ecclesiology and ethics (the Church,
the demands of Christian living); Pauline eschatology (the resurrection of the body).
SREL 479: Modern Trends in Islam

Contemporary global trends in Islam. Important themes such as misconceptions about Islam, Islam
and human rights, Islam and terrorism, especially after September 11, 2001, Islam and the West,
Islam and the mass media, Islam and global peace and development, Islam and Western
democracy, among others.
SREL 481: Special Paper I

Any current topical issues in the study of religions can be packaged and offered as a course under
this title.
SREL 482: Religion in the African Diaspora

Definition of the African Diaspora. African traditional religious retentions in the Diaspora and
continuities in the Diaspora. Islam, Hebraism and Christianity in the African Diaspora. Religion
and politics in the African Diaspora; Diasporic New Religious Movements return ‘home’.
Religion in the New African Diaspora.
SREL 483: Religion and Human Rights

The cultural and historical connections between religion and human rights – paradigms that enable
an appreciation of the differences and agreements between religious traditions and the modern
human rights movement. Religious and cultural roots of human rights; human dignity as a
religious concept; human rights natural rights and ‘divine’ law; the universality of international
human rights; African religious values and human rights; religious pluralism and the right to
freedom of religion; religion as an instrument of abuse; religion as a resource for the protection
and promotion of human rights.
253
SREL 484: Professional Ethics (Pre-req.: Any course in Ethics)
A general survey of some ethical systems, concepts and norms. A study of professional ethics.
Analysis of ethical codes of selected professional and business groups. Issues confronting
professionals. Decision-making. Case studies.
SREL 486: Intra and Inter-faith Relations

The origins of the Ecumenical Movement. International Ecumenical Movements, e.g., World
Council of Churches (WCC) and all African Conference of Churches (AACC). The Second
Vatican Council. Inter-faith dialogue, Christian –Muslim relations at the international, regional,
national and grassroots levels in West Africa, especially Ghana. The Parliament of World
Religions, etc.
SREL 488: The Doctrine of the Holy Spirit in Christian History

The Apostolic Age. The Spirit in the first two centuries. The Spirit to the Council of Chalcedon.
The Middle Ages and the Rise of Dissent. The Spirit in the Reformation. The Spirit in the Age of
Reason. The Spirit in the Methodist and Evangelical Revival. The Spirit in the Catholic/Anglo
Catholic Revival. The Spirit in the 21st Century.
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SCHOOL OF LAW
The mission of the Faculty of Law is to “provide the best education, training and knowledge
resources for the preparation of the legal minds and professionals capable of becoming the leaders
of tomorrow.”
The Faculty offers a Bachelor of Laws (LLB) programme for applicants with Senior High School
background as well as applicants with a good first degree in any discipline from a recognized
University.
REGULATIONS GOVERNING THE LLB PROGRAMME
(A) SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL INTAKES
(i)Admission Requirements
Selection of Senior High School applicants into the LLB programme will be based on
performance in the WASSCE.
(ii)Graduation Requirements
A student shall be required to carry a minimum workload of 15 credits and a maximum of
18 credits per semester. To graduate therefore a student will be required to obtain a
minimum of 120 credits and a maximum of 144 credits.
AVAILABLE COURSES AND CODES FOR SHS INTAKES

Items in bold or Italics Bold would be used to satisfy University Requirements.
ASTERISKS INDICATE CORE COURSES
*General Education Course
YEAR ONE (Level 100)
Semester One:
*FLAW 101 Legal System 3
*FLAW 103 Law of Contract I 3
*FLAW 105 Constitutional Law I 3
*FLAW 107 English for Law Students I 3
*FLAW 109 Logic for Law Students 3
Minimum/Maximum credits to
be taken 15
Semester Two:
*FLAW 102 Legal Method 3
*FLAW 104 Law of Contract II 3
*FLAW 106 Constitutional Law II 3
*FLAW 108 English for Law Students II 3
UGRC 3
Minimum/Maximum credits to
be taken 15
255
YEAR TWO (Level 200)
Semester One:
*FLAW 207 Tort I 3
*FLAW 211 Immovable Property I 3
*FLAW 213 Criminal Law I 3
*FLAW 221 Public International Law I 3
Electives
FLAW 209 Alternative Dispute Resolution 3
FLAW 251 Gender & the Law I 3
FLAW 265 Criminology I 3
Minimum credits to be taken
15
Maximum credits to be taken
18
Semester Two:
*FLAW 208 Tort II 3
*FLAW 212 Immovable Property II 3
*FLAW 214 Criminal Law II 3
*FLAW 222 Public International Law II 3
Electives
FLAW 218 Administrative Law 3
FLAW 252 Gender & the Law II 3
FLAW 266 Criminology II 3
15
18
YEAR THREE (Level 300)

Semester One
*FLAW 345 Commercial Law I 3
(Sale of Goods & Hire Purchase Law )
*FLAW 355 Company Law I 3
Electives
FLAW 337 Natural Resources I 3
FLAW 343 Conflict of Law I 3
FLAW 347 International Human Rights Law I 3
FLAW 351 Industrial Law I 3
FLAW 353 Environmental Law I 3
FLAW 363 International Humanitarian Law I 3
Minimum credits to be
taken 15
Maximum credits to be
taken 18
256
Semester Two
*FLAW 346 Commercial Law II 3
(Agency & Banking Law)
*FLAW 356 Company Law II 3
Electives
FLAW 338 Natural Resources II 3
FLAW 344 Conflict of Law II 3
FLAW 348 International Human Rights Law II 3
FLAW 352 Industrial Law II 3
FLAW 354 Environmental Law II 3
FLAW 364 International Humanitarian Law II 3
Minimum credits to be
taken 15
Maximum credits to be
taken 18
YEAR FOUR (Level 400)
Semester One
*FLAW 403 Jurisprudence I 3
*FLAW 407 Equity and Trusts 3
*FLAW 411 Taxation I 3
Electives
FLAW 431 Intellectual Property Law I 3
FLAW 435 International Trade Law 3
FLAW 483 Family Law I 3
FLAW 485 Law of Evidence I 3
FLAW 487 Insurance Law I 3
15
18
Semester Two
*FLAW 404 Jurisprudence II 3
*FLAW 408 Succession 3
*FLAW 412 Taxation II 3
Electives
FLAW 410 Long Essay 6
FLAW 432 Intellectual Property Law II 3
FLAW 436 International Investment Law 3
FLAW 484 Family Law II 3
FLAW 486 Law of Evidence II 3
FLAW 488 Insurance Law II 3
15
18
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DESCRIPTION OF COURSES
FLAW 101 Ghana Legal System

The major legal systems of the world, Classification of the branches of the Law, Introduction of
British Jurisdiction into Gold Coast and Sources of Law – Common Law, Equity, Statutes,
Subsidiary Legislation, History of the Court System and Jurisdiction and powers of the courts and
quasi-judicial bodies. Alternative procedures for the settlement of disputes, The Legal profession and
its role in Society and Legal Aid, Language and Study Skills and Legal Writing, Techniques of Legal
Research, Oral Presentation.
FLAW 102 Legal Method

The Nature of Law – Function & Theory of Law, The Theories and mechanics of judicial decision-
making, Elements of Civil and Criminal Procedure, The doctrine of Stare decisis and its operation in
the Ghana Legal System, General principles of statutory interpretation, Remedies.
FLAW 103 Law of Contract I

Contract as a legal category in the Ghana Legal Systems Historical development and assumptions
Formation of Contract, Enforceability of Agreements as Contracts in Law (Doctrine of
Consideration, Formal Requirements). Privity of Contract; Assignments; Agency, The contents and
Types of Contracts.
FLAW 104 Law of Contract II

Vitiating Factors (Mistake, Misrepresentation, Duress and Undue Influence). Public Policy and
Enforcement of Contractual Obligations, Discharge of Contracts, Remedies for Breach of Contract
(Damages, Equitable remedies and procedural Strategies), Contract Law and Economic Realities.
FLAW 105 Constitutional Law I (Constitutional Theory)

Constitutional Law – Problems of definition and content, Constitutionalism, The Relationship
between municipal and International Law, Coup de `tats/Revolutions and continuity of Constitutions,
The concept of separation of powers, The supremacy of the Constitution and judicial review, The
Concept of the Rule of Law, Human Rights, Natural Justice.
FLAW 106 Constitutional Law II (Constitution of Ghana)

The Constitutional Evolution of Ghana, The Executive, The Parliament, The Judiciary, Independent
Institutions, The Rights and Duties of the Citizen, The Law of Citizenship Commissions/
Committees of Enquiry, The Electoral Process, Proceedings involving the Republic, Local
Government, Traditional Constitutionalism – Chieftaincy Law, Outlines of Judicial Remedies.
General Course Description: English for Law Students

The broad objective of English for Law Students is to equip the students with the language skills to
enhance their ability to speak and write English fluently. The first semester component aims at
consolidating the knowledge of the students in English grammar and usage. During the course of the
semester, students will learn general grammatical principles and do extensive exercises in grammar
and usage. They will also practice the use of the dictionary and thesaurus to enable them to get a hold
on the range and variety of the English lexicon. In the second semester, the students will focus on
composing well-organized, well-supported, and coherent paragraphs. The paragraph as a text-
structuring tool in reading and writing will be amply exemplified. Additionally, students will be
introduced to evaluative language in expository writing. By the end of the course, students should be
able to speak and write English with felicity.
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FLAW 107 English for Law Students I (Grammar and usage)
1. Varieties of English: British and American English, regional and national varieties
2. Elements of grammar: sentence elements, parts of speech
3. Sentence structure: the simple sentence, coordination and apposition, the complex
sentence, sentence variety
4. Avoiding pitfalls: run-ons, irregular verbs, subject-verb agreement, consistent verb
tense, pronoun agreement, reference, and point of view; adjectives and adverbs,
misplaced modifiers, dangling modifiers, faulty parallelism
5. Punctuation: the comma, the semicolon, other marks, common punctuation errors
6. Word Use: the dictionary and thesaurus, spelling, vocabulary development,
commonly confused words, effective word choice
FLAW 108 English for Law Students II (Paragraph writing: structure, development, and
style)
1. The Paragraph: the single paragraph, the multiple-paragraph text; paragraph unity,
support, and coherence
2. Paragraph structure and reading strategies: information relationships within and
across paragraphs; given and new information
3. Paragraph structure and writing strategies: making and supporting a point;
organizing and connecting specific evidence; achieving structural coherence
4. Evaluative language: reporting verbs, qualifications and strength of claim,
evaluative nouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs
5. Text analysis of a variety of texts (the writings of Jane Austen, Charlotte
Bronte,Thomas Hardy, D.H. Lawrence, Shakespeare, Kofi Awoonor, Ayi
Kwei Armah, Ama Atta Aidoo, Paul Ansah, Ngugi Wa Thiong’o etc.)
6. Proofreading and editing techniques
FLAW 109 Logic for Law Students

The Course in Logic for Law Students is designed to equip the student with practical abilities to
discriminate between having motives vs. Good logical reasons for belief in a statement, to evaluate
quality evidence in support of a conclusion, to contrast deductive proof with inductive support
provided by evidence, to contrast value judgment with factual judgment.
The Course will introduce the student to the following specific topics - Varieties of Speech act;
Varieties of passage-length communication; Definitions in focus; Understanding logical structure of
an argument as the truth conditions of its component statements; Understanding relation between
evidence and empirical hypothesis; Cause and effect reasoning – application of induction; Polemical
fallacies and rhetorical ploys; Ethics and Law.
FLAW 207 Torts I (Intentional Tort)

Nature, History, Aims of the Law of Torts, General Principles of Liability, Choice of Law in torts
Cases in Ghana, International Interference with Person and Property, Economic Torts, Nuisance, The
rule is Rylands v. Fletcher, Vicarious Liability
FLAW 208 Torts II (Negligence & Defamation)

General Negligence, Specific Negligence Actions (Employer’s liability to his employees, Products
259
Liability, Occupiers Liability, Liability for Statements - Negligent statements, Deceit), Statutory
duties, Death in relation to Torts, Defamation.
FLAW 209 Alternative Dispute Resolution

This course will introduce the student to the spectrum of ADR mechanisms and discuss particularly
Negotiation, Mediation and Arbitration. The law of Ghana relating to ADR will be examined and
students taken through practical demonstrations of the workings of Negotiation, Mediation and
Arbitration.
FLAW 218 Administrative Law

Nature of Administrative Law, Constitutional doctrines and theories relevant to Administrative Law,
The Executive Branch of Government: Administrative and Public Sector Institutions, Local
Government, The Law making powers of the Administration, Natural Justice and the Administration,
Review of discretionary powers, Judicial remedies, Extra-judicial remedies (Commission of Human
Rights and Administrative Justice, Administrative Tribunals), Commission and Committee of
Enquiry, Proceedings between the state and its servants and agents.
FLAW 211 Immovable Property I (Customary Land Law)

1. Preliminary Matters: The Concept of Land and Immovable Property, The Nature and Scope
of the Law of Immovable Property, The Concept of Ownership and the Appro-priate
Terminology for the Description and Analysis of the System of Land Tenure.
2. The Customary Law Interests In Land: The Allodial Title, The Usufructuary Interest,
Customary Law Tenancies
3. Persons Who Can Hold Interests In Land: The Stool and Management of Stool Property,
The Family a Holder of Interests in Land, Marital Family Property.
FLAW 212 Immovable Property II

1. Common Law Interests in Land: Introduction to the Law of Tenure and Estates, Equitable
and Legal Interests, The Law of Landlord and Tenant, Co-Ownership.
2. Uncertainty in Land Titles And Insecurity In Land Transactions And Attempted Solutions:
Nature, Estoppel, Limitation of Actions, Registration of Instruments Affecting Land, Land
Title Registration.
3. Compulsory Acquisition And State Administration Of Land Introduction To The Law Of
Natural Resources: Introduction to Minerals and Mining Law, Introduction to Forestry
Law, Concessions.
4. Introduction to Physical Planning Law
5. Land Law Reform
FLAW 213 Criminal Law I (General Principles)

Nature and Scope of Criminal Law, The Requirements of Criminal Liability and Mens Rea,
Causation, Capacity, General Defences, Special Defences: (Intoxication and Insanity, Provocation).
FLAW 214 Criminal Law II (Specific Offenses)

The Law of Attempt – Inchoate Offences and Parties, Abatement and Conspiracy, Offences Against
the Person: Homicide, Offences Against the right of property, Offences Against Public Morals and
Public Order, Offences Against the State: Treason and Sedition.
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FLAW 221 Public International Law I
Introduction: Nature and Context of International Law, Sources of International Law, Subjects of
International Law, State Territory and Jurisdiction, The Law of the Sea, Air and Outer Space.
FLAW 222 Public International Law II

Individuals, Nationality and state Responsibility, Law of Treaties, Diplomatic Law, Human Rights,
Settlement of Disputes, The Use of Force, International Organization.
FLAW 251 Gender and the Law I

Gender from a Historical and Anthropological Perspective, Women’s Status from a Cultural
Perspective: Customary Norms and Societal Values, Gender and Global Issues: (Population
Planning, Women and the World’s Economy, Women and Political Leadership, Women and
Pornography; Women and Prostitution).
FLAW 252 Gender and the Law II (Selected Topics)

1. Legal issues in Family Law: Marriage, Divorce, Custody and Support of Children, Surrogate
Mother Contracts.
2. Gender and health – Legal Issues Involving Reproductive Matters: Access to Contraception,
Abortion, Sterilization, Infanticide, Drug and Alcohol Abuse During Pregnancy, Female
Circumcision
3. Legal Issues Involving Gender and Criminal Law: rape, Domestic Violence
4. Issues Involving Education
5. Gender and Employment: Legal Issues Involving Restrictive Access to Certain Occupations;
discriminatory Practices in Hiring and promotion; Sexual Harassment, Family Leave Policies.
6. Legal Issues Involving Women and Property; Women and Inheritance
7. Legal Issues Involving Women and Development; Women in Political Process
FLAW 265 Criminology I

The meaning, nature and scope of criminology. The evolution of criminological thought:
anthropological theories; biological theories, socio-economic and environmental theories, War,
migration and other factors. Phenomenology, Aetiology of crime; Victimology. Legal principles
relating to insanity, mental deficiency and other forms of mental in capacity. Criminological Aspects
of Victimless Offences: Prostitution, Homosexuality and Lesbianism; Gambling. Crimes of
Violence: Robbery, Homicide, Rape and Sexual Offences. Organised Crime: White Collar Offences
and Economic Crimes. Theories of Criminal Behaviour.
FLAW 266 Criminology II

1. Drug Addiction and Alcoholism: Drug Law Enforcement. Juvenile Gangs and Delinquency;
Child Abuse and Juvenile Justice.
2. Sentencing; Theories of Punishment: Custodial And Non-Custodial Punishment: Community
Service.
3. The Prisons, Borstal Institutions and Prisoners’ Rights, Treatment Techniques and Strategies.
4. UN Standard Minimum Rules, Torture.
5. Health Needs of Prisoners, Vocational, Technical and Religious Orientation.
6. The Police and Law Enforcement – Mob Control.
7. Criminological Research, Statistics and Forecasting.
8. Traditional and Modern Crime Control Programmes and Roles of NGOs, Social Workers, and
Religious Bodies.
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Destitution: Orphanage; Street Children; Begging For Alms, The Aged And Handicapped, Including
Lepers and Lunatic Patients.
FLAW 337 Natural Resource Law I

Rights, Institutions and Non-Financial Obligations: Introductory Survey of the Mining Sector,
Mineral Exploration and Production Rights, Introductory Survey of the Petroleum Sector, Petroleum
Exploration and Production Rights, Land rights and Mineral/Petroleum Rights, Environmental and
Safety Issues in Mineral/Petroleum Operations, The Mineral Resources of the Seabed and Ocean
Floor, Legal Regulation of Trees and Forests.
FLAW 338 Natural Resource Law II

Marketing and Financial Issues: Financing Mineral and Petroleum Operations, The fiscal Regime for
Mineral and Petroleum Operations, Marketing Arrangements for Mineral/Petroleum, Exchange
Control, Electricity Supply Arrangements, Stability Issues, Dispute Settlement.
FLAW 343 Conflict of Laws I (General Part)

Introduction to the Conflict of Laws. Concept and Meaning of Foreign Law; proof of Foreign Law;
Exclusion of Applicable Foreign Law. Domicile – The Traditional Rules and their Application in
Ghana; Developments Around the World. Jurisdiction – In personam; In Rem; Exceptions to
Jurisdiction – sovereign immunity. Foreign Judgements and Foreign Arbitral Awards. Contracts –
Determination of the Proper Law, Law governing Specific Topics. Torts – Historical Development
of the rule for Determining the Applicable Law; Various Views as to the Applicable Law – Lex
Loci; Phillips v. Eyre as modified by Chaplin v. Boys, Proper Law of Tort.
FLAW 344 Conflict of Laws II

Movable and Immovable property, Succession, Family Law (in outline only) – Capacity to marry;
Matrimonial uses; Recognition of Foreign Decrees. Domestic Relations – Custody, Guardianship,
Legitimacy, Legitimation and Adoption. Classification, Incidental Question, Renvoi, Substance and
Procedure, Theories and Methods.
FLAW 345 Commercial Law I (Sale of Goods and Hire Purchase)

A. Sale of Goods: Nature and Formation of a Contract of Sale, Types of obligations Created
by the Sale of Goods Act, Duties of the Seller, Duties of the Buyer, Transfer of Property and risk ,
Remedies of the Seller, Remedies of the Buyer, C.I.F. AND F.O.B. Sales
B. The Law on Hire-Purchase: Nature of Hire Purchase Agreements, History of Hire
Purchase Law in Ghana – (pre 1958 to date), Hirer’s right of termination and Completion, Owner’s
right of recovery, Implied terms, Third Party Rights.
FLAW 346 Commercial Law II (Agency and Banking)

Definition and Existence of Agency, Capacity to act as Principal, Capacity to act as Agent, Agent’s
duties to his Principal, Agent’s rights against the Principal, Relationship of Principal and Agent with
third Party, Banks, Banking, and Non-Banking Financial Institutions, Negotiable Instruments and
their Kin, Banker-Customer Relations, Securities Regulation.
FLAW 347 International Human Rights Law I

The Evolution of the Concept of Human Rights, Historical Antecedents of Human Rights, The
United Nations Human Rights System, The European System for the Protection of Human Rights,
The Inter-American Human Rights System, The African System of Human and People’s Right
System, The CSCE and the Helsinki Final Act, Non-Governmental Organizations, Domestic
Absorptions.
262
FLAW 348 International Human Rights Law II (Specified Topics)
International Humanitarian Law, The Principle of Equality or Non-Discrimination with Particular
Reference to Women’s Rights, The Rights of the Child, Freedom of Opinion and Expression, Human
Rights and the Criminal Justice System, The Rights of Minorities and Indigenous Peoples, The
International Law of Refugees and Aliens, Human Rights in Cross-Cultural Perspective.
FLAW 351 Industrial Law I

1. Relationship of employer and employee
2. Contract of employment
3. Formation and discharge
4. Contract of apprenticeship
5. Wages
6. Employer’s rights and liabilities
(i) Towards Employees
(ii) Towards Third Parties
FLAW 352 Industrial Law II

1. Industrial legislation
a. Legislation Regulating Conditions in Factories, Shops, Offices, Mines etc.
b. Industrial Injuries and Workmen’s Compensation – Social Security.
c. Legislation regulating Industrial and Business Operations.
2. The law of trade unions and industrial relations:
Collective Bargaining; Settlement of Industrial Disputes.
FLAW 353 Environmental Law I

Introduction: Evolution, Nature, Object and Development of International Environmental Law and
Policy. The Sources of International environmental Law. Breaches of Environmental Law and
Liability for Environmental Harm. Regulation of Environmental Sectors – International/Domestic
(Protection of Marine Environment against Pollution, Protecting Inland Waters and Rivers,
Combating Air Pollution, Protection of Wildlife). Trans Sectoral Problems (Toxic or Dangerous
Products and Wastes, Radio activity, Ozone Depletion, Global Warming). Environmental Impact
Assessment.
FLAW 354 Environmental Law II

Marine Environment, Biodiversity Conservation, Regionalism: Africa and the EC, The Ghanaian
Environment, Trade, War, Human Rights and the Environment: An overview.
FLAW 355 Company Law I

Concept of the Corporation. Statutory Commercial corporations.
Companies Registered Under the Companies Code. Corporate personality; Lifting the veil.
Formation of Companies. Promoters; Pre-incorporation Contracts; the Regulations; Invitations to
the Public; Prospectus; Commencement of Business. Companies’ Securities Share and Debentures;
Classes of Shares. Becoming a Member: Allotments; Share Certificates. Rights of Members: Class
Rights; Variation of Class Rights; Member’s Liability.
Capital: Stated Capital; Issued Capital; Treasury Shares; Increase of Capital; Reduction of Capital
Dividends; Debenture holders; Rights and Powers.
FLAW 356 Company Law II

Actions on behalf of the Company; The General Meeting; Notices procedure; Voting; Resolutions.
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Directors and other officers; Appointment; Removal; Duties Rights and Powers.
Liability of Company in contract; Tort; Crime; Investors, Protection; Oppression of Minorities;
Investigations by the Registrar; Annual Returns.
Arrangements and Amalgamations: Private Companies; Subsidiary Companies; Guarantee
Companies. Liquidation (in outline)
Partnerships and Unincorporated Business Associations.
FLAW 363 International Humanitarian Law I

This course will focus on the Theory and Practice of International Humanitarian Law (IHL). It will
explore the Definition and history of International Humanitarian Law: the relationship between
humanitarian law, human rights and disarmament; Law of the Hague and Law of Geneva:
implementation of IHL and Sanctions for the violations of IHL.
FLAW 364 International Humanitarian Law II

The focus will be on the examination of recent tendencies of IHL and the mandate and activities of
the International Committee of the RED Cross (ICRC). The place of IHL in non-structured conflicts
and the problems of the prohibition of certain weapons will be discussed. The status of the ICRC and
the legal bases of its actions, the emblem and the activities of the ICRC in Africa will be considered.
FLAW 410 Long Essay

As required of undergraduate students.
FLAW 403 Jurisprudence I

Introduction – The Nature of Jurisprudence, Natural Law Theories, Positivism, The Pure Theory of
Law, Historical School of Jurisprudence, Realism – American and Scandinavian.
FLAW 404 Jurisprudence II

Sociological School of Jurisprudence, Customary Law, Marxist Theory of Law and State, Theories
of Rights – Hohfeldian Rights, Human Rights (if not offered as an Elective) etc., Gender and the
Law, Law and Development, Islamic Law
FLAW 407 Equity & Trusts

Historical Background: Origin, Nature and Development of Equity. Maxims of Equity, Remedies:
Specific Performance, Injunctions, Rectification, Rescission, Account, Delivery up and Cancellation
of Documents., Declaratory Judgment, Uses and Trusts.
FLAW 408 Law of Succession

1. Pledges and Mortgages
2. Succession
Testate: Customary and Statutory
Intestate: i. A brief outline of the Customary aspect.
ii. Intestate Succession Law, 1985 (PNDCL. 111
iii. Effect of PNDCL.111 on (a) Marriage Ordinance, Cap. 127, (b) Marriage of
Mohammedan Ordinance, Cap 129, (c) Customary Law.
3. The Dead as property.
264
FLAW 431 Intellectual Property Law I
1. Introduction to Intellectual Property Law: Historical background, characteristics and definition
of intellectual property law. Main fields of intellectual property namely, patents, utility models,
industrial designs, trade marks, trade secrets, copyright law neighbouring rights
2. Patents: Evolution of patent law and its justification, Conditions of Patentability, National,
Regional and International administration of the patent system, Rights of the Patentee and scope
of protection, Utility models
3. Copyright Law and Neighbouring rights: Historical development of copyright law – national
and international levels, Basic principles of copyright law, The impact of emerging technologies
on copyright, Authors societies, Neighbouring Rights.
FLAW 432 Intellectual Property Law II

1. Trade Marks and Unfair Competition: Introductory overview of trade mark law, Trade mark
rights and protection, National and International administration of works and registration,
General principles of unfair competition law, The Economic tort of passing off.
2. Industrial Design: Objective of an industrial design – Legal System, The varying regimes of
industrial design Law – National and International.
3. Confidential Information and Trade Secrets: The Nature of Protectable Confidential Information
and its obligations, Employee relationships, Defence and remedies.
4. Transfer of Technology: The concept of technology transfer, Licensing agreements including
compulsory licensing, Economic effects of Intellectual Property, Ghanaian Law and Practice on
technology Transfers.
5. Regional Arrangements
FLAW 435 International Trade Law

The Law of international Trade – the importance of trade; sources of Law of International Trade law;
formulating agencies etc., etc. The outline of the sale transaction – International Sales of Goods;
special terms, INCOTERMS etc. International Sales contracts based on Sea carriage – c.i.f., fob, C &
F, ex works etc. Insurance of Goods in the International Sale Transaction (in outline). Payment in
international sales (Letters of Credit etc.) Disputes in international transactions – the conflict of laws,
the problems of conflict, proper law of the contract etc.; proceedings and jurisdiction; the Mareva
injunction; the Mareva injunction; the enforcement of foreign judgments and awards.
FLAW 436 International Investment Law

Introductory – Principal issues in controversy regarding foreign investments and the Sovereign
Authority of states over foreign investments. International Contracts, Nationalisation and
Compensation, Permanent Sovereignty of states over natural resources, Codes of conduct for
Multinational Corporations, Transfer of Technology, New Methods of Investment Dispute
Settlement.
FLAW 411 Law of Taxation I

Tax Policy in a Developing Country: The purposes and uses of taxation; Taxation and saving;
Taxation and capital formation; the differences between taxation in high income countries and
taxation in law income countries; Consideration of some taxation principles. The effects of various
kinds of taxes.
FLAW 412 Law of Taxation II

The Export Tax: The methods, effects, advantages and disadvantages of taxing exports.
265
The Income Tax: What is income? Tax policy and the income tax; Consideration of the taxability of
various kinds of receipts; Capital gains; Deductions; Taxation of the corporation and its
shareholders; Taxation of foreign income, of non-residents and of foreign investment in Ghana.
Other Taxes: The sales tax; Excise taxes; Import duties; the excess profits tax; VAT.
An overview of the Ghanaian Tax System: Revenue; Administration
FLAW 483 Family Law I

Applicable Law. Regimes of law governing marriage and domestic relations in Ghana.
The Family: Contracts to marry; common law and customary law. The contract of Marriage under
the Marriage Ordinance; Formalities; Capacity; Void and Voidable Marriages. Legal effects of
Converture; consortum, separation, maintenance. Husband and Wife.
Termination of Marriage; Grounds for divorce Customary Marriage: formalities, incidents, legal
effect of coverture. Role of family in customary marriage. Dissolution of marriage.
FLAW 484 Family Law II

Parent and Child
Legitimacy in common law and customary law
Parents’ rights and duties with respect to their children
Custody; Protection; Maintenance
Vicarious liability of Parents; Adoption; Guardianship
Family Property: Effect of marriage on spouse’s property
FLAW 485 Law of Evidence I

The objectives of the law of evidence. Materiality; the formulation of issues of fact; Judicial notice;
Burden of proof; quantum of proof; presumptions; Relative function of judge and jury; Real
evidence Circumstantial evidence: Remoteness; Undue prejudice; Similar circumstances; Other
crimes; Habit; Usage; Custom; Character.
FLAW 486 Law of Evidence II

Witnesses: Order of examination; Competence; Privilege, The exclusionary rules: Best evidence;
hearsay and its exceptions (e.g. evidence of tradition); opinion; res inter alios acta Res Judicata and
Collateral Estoppel.
FLAW 487 Insurance Law I

The Nature of Insurance: The Contract of Insurance – Relation to contracts of Gaming and Wagering
– The distinction between Gaming Contracts and Insurance Contracts and its development – “p.p.i.”
and “honour” policies – Types of Insurance – Marine and non- Marine risks – the distinguishing
features of marine, life, fire and liability insurance.
The Concept of Insurable Interest: Development of the concept of insurable interest – the principle of
indemnity and its relation to insurable - types of insurable interest. New developments.
The making of an Insurance contract: The insurance agent; nature of his authority and his liability –
The Contract and special terminology – the nature, contents and function of the proposal form –
interim receipts and cover notes.
FLAW 488 Insurance Law II

The rights and Duties of the Parties under the Contract: The principle of utmost good faith -
the materiality of disclosures by the insured – the effect of non-disclosure and misrepresentation –
over-and under-insurance - payment of the premium – return of the premium and its consequences.
266
Claims: The right to make a claim – the quantum of the claim – the “loss” that creates an entitlement
to claim – Salvage and the insurer’s entitlement to it.
Motor Vehicles (Third Party) Insurance – an outline of case-law and practice in Ghana.
Note: Students offering this course will be expected to have more than an average grasp of the
principles of governing the law of standard contracts. During the course they will be expected to
familiarize themselves with the main forms of standard policies in use in motor and fire insurance in
Ghana.
(B)POST- FIRST DEGREE INTAKES FROM 2012/2013 ACADEMIC YEAR
(i) Admissions Requirement

The entry requirement for the Post-First Degree LLB Programme is a good first
degree from a recognized University. A recognized University refers to all
Universities accredited by the National Accreditation Board. Suitably qualified
applicants are required to participate in a selection examination and an
interview.
(ii) Promotion Requirements from Level 300 to 400

a. Pass: A student is deemed to have passed, if he/she has a minimum of 30
credits and a maximum of 42 credits of core courses and electives at the end of
Level 300.
b. Withdrawal: A student who does not pass as prescribed by (2a) shall be

asked by the Registrar to withdraw from the University.
(iii) Graduation Requirements (LLB)
A student shall be deemed to have satisfied the requirements for graduation if:
a) He/she has satisfied all General University and Faculty requirements;
b) He/she has accumulated a minimum of 72 credits, including all core courses;
c) He/she must not have failed any of core courses (where failure means a grade
below C);
d) He/she must not have failed more than 12 credits of elective courses (where failure
means a grade below C).
AVAILABLE COURSES AND CODES FOR POST FIRST DEGREE INTAKES FROM
2012/2013 ACADEMIC YEAR
LEVEL 300 COURSES
Level 300 compulsory courses
FLAW 361 Legal System 3

FLAW 362 Legal Method 3
FLAW 381 Law of Contract I 3
267
FLAW 382 Law of Contract II 3
FLAW 391 Constitutional Law I 3
FLAW 392 Constitutional Law II 3
FLAW 371 Criminal Law I 3
FLAW 372 Criminal Law II 3
FLAW 373 Immovable Property I 3
FLAW 374 Immovable Property II 3
FLAW 317 Tort I 3
FLAW 318 Tort II 3
Level 300 Elective Courses

FLAW 323 Public International Law I 3
FLAW 324 Public International Law II 3
LEVEL 400 COURSES

Core
FLAW 403 Jurisprudence I 3
FLAW 404 Jurisprudence II 3
FLAW 407 Equity and Trusts 3
FLAW 408 Law of Succession 3
Electives
FLAW 491 Alternative Dispute Resolution 3
FLAW 495 Gender & the Law I 3
FLAW 496 Gender & the Law II 3
FLAW 497 Commercial Law I 3
(Sale of Goods & Hire Purchase Law)
FLAW 498 Commercial Law II
(Agency & Banking Law) 3
FLAW 473 Company Law I 3
FLAW 474 Company Law II 3
FLAW 475 Natural Resources I 3
FLAW 476 Natural Resources II 3
FLAW 478 International Human Rights Law II 3
FLAW 467 Conflict of Laws I 3
FLAW 468 Conflict of Laws I I 3
FLAW 415 Industrial Law I 3
FLAW 416 Industrial Law II 3
FLAW 411 Taxation I 3
FLAW 412 Taxation II 3
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FLAW 485 Law of Evidence I 3
FLAW 486 Law of Evidence II 3
FLAW 487 Insurance Law I 3
FLAW 488 Insurance Law II 3
(C)POST FIRST DEGREE INTAKES 2011/2012 ACADEMIC YEAR
(i) Promotion Requirements from Level 300 to 400
a. Pass: A student is deemed to have passed, if he/she has a minimum of 30

credits and a maximum of 42 credits of core courses and electives at the end of
Level 300.
b. Withdrawal: A student who does not pass as prescribed by (2a) shall be

asked by the Registrar to withdraw from the University.
(ii) Requirements for Graduation (LLB)
A student shall be deemed to have satisfied the requirements for graduation if:
a) He/she has satisfied all General University and Faculty requirements;
b) He/she has accumulated a minimum of 72 credits, including all core courses;
c) He/she must not have failed any of core courses (where failure means a grade below C);
d) He/she must not have failed more than 12 credits of elective courses (where failure means
a grade below C).
AVAILABLE COURSES AND CODES FOR POST FIRST DEGREE INTAKES

2011/2012 ACADEMIC YEAR
LEVEL 300 COURSES
Level 300 compulsory courses

FLAW 301 Ghana Legal System 3
FLAW 302 Legal Method 3
FLAW 303 Law of Contract I 3
FLAW 304 Law of Contract II 3
FLAW 305 Constitutional Law I (Constitutional Theory) 3
FLAW 306 Constitutional Law II (Constitution of Ghana) 3
FLAW 307 Torts I (Intentional Tort) 3
FLAW 308 Torts II (Negligence & Defamation) 3
FLAW 311 Immovable Property I (Customary Land Law) 3
FLAW 312 Immovable Property II 3
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FLAW 313 Criminal Law I (General Principles) 3
FLAW 314 Criminal Law II (Specific Offences) 3
Level 300 Elective Courses

FLAW 321 Public International Law I 3
FLAW 322 Public International Law II 3
LEVEL 400 COURSES

Core
FLAW 401 Jurisprudence I 3
FLAW 402 Jurisprudence II 3
FLAW 433 Equity 3
FLAW 434 Law of Succession 3
Electives
FLAW 437 Natural Resource Law I 3
FLAW 438 Natural Resource Law II 3
FLAW 443 Conflict of Laws I (General Part) 3
FLAW 444 Conflict of Laws II 3
FLAW 445 Commercial Law I (Sale of Goods and Hire Purchase) 3
FLAW 446 Commercial Law II (Agency and Banking) 3
FLAW 448 International Human Rights Law II (Special Topics) 3
FLAW 451 Gender and the Law I 3
FLAW 452 Gender and the Law II (Selected Topics) 3
FLAW 455 Company Law I 3
FLAW 456 Company Law II 3
FLAW 457 Taxation Law I 3
FLAW 458 Taxation Law II 3
DESCRIPTION OF COURSES
FLAW 301/361 Ghana Legal System

The major legal systems of the world, Classification of the branches of the Law, Introduction of
British Jurisdiction into Gold Coast and Sources of Law – Common Law, Equity, Statutes,
Subsidiary Legislation, History of the Court System and Jurisdiction and powers of the courts and
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quasi-judicial bodies. Alternative procedures for the settlement of disputes, The Legal profession and
its role in Society and Legal Aid, Language and Study Skills and Legal Writing, Techniques of Legal
Research, Oral Presentation.
FLAW 302/362 Legal Method

The Nature of Law – Function & Theory of Law, The Theories and mechanics of judicial
decision-making, Elements of Civil and Criminal Procedure, The doctrine of Stare decisis and its
operation in the Ghana Legal System, General principles of statutory interpretation, Remedies.
FLAW 303/381 Law of Contract I

Contract as a legal category in the Ghana Legal Systems Historical development and assumptions
Formation of Contract, Enforceability of Agreements as Contracts in Law (Doctrine of
Consideration, Formal Requirements). Privity of Contract; Assignments; Agency, The contents and
Types of Contracts.
FLAW 304/382 Law of Contract II

Vitiating Factors (Mistake, Misrepresentation, Duress and Undue Influence). Public Policy and
Enforcement of Contractual Obligations, Discharge of Contracts, Remedies for Breach of Contract
(Damages, Equitable remedies and procedural Strategies), Contract Law and Economic Realities.
FLAW 305/391 Constitutional Law I (Constitutional Theory)

Constitutional Law – Problems of definition and content, Constitutionalism, The Relationship
between municipal and International Law, Coup de `tats/Revolutions and continuity of Constitutions,
The concept of separation of powers, The supremacy of the Constitution and judicial review, The
Concept of the Rule of Law, Human Rights, Natural Justice.
FLAW 306/392 Constitutional Law II (Constitution of Ghana)

The Constitutional Evolution of Ghana, The Executive, The Parliament, The Judiciary,
Independent Institutions, The Rights and Duties of the Citizen, The Law of Citizenship
Commissions/ Committees of Enquiry, The Electoral Process, Proceedings involving the
Republic, Local Government, Traditional Constitutionalism – Chieftaincy Law, Outlines of
Judicial Remedies.
FLAW 307/317 Torts I (Intentional Tort)

Nature, History, Aims of the Law of Torts, General Principles of Liability, Choice of Law in torts
Cases in Ghana, International Interference with Person and Property, Economic Torts, Nuisance,
The rule is Rylands v. Fletcher, Vicarious Liability
FLAW 308/318 Torts II (Negligence & Defamation)

General Negligence, Specific Negligence Actions (Employer’s liability to his employees, Products
Liability, Occupiers Liability, Liability for Statements - Negligent statements, Deceit), Statutory
duties, Death in relation to Torts, Defamation.
FLAW 311/373 Immovable Property I (Customary Land Law)

1. Preliminary Matters: The Concept of Land and Immovable Property, The Nature and
Scope of the Law of Immovable Property, The Concept of Ownership and the Appro-
priate Terminology for the Description and Analysis of the System of Land Tenure.
2. The Customary Law Interests in Land: The Allodial Title, The Usufructuary Interest,
Customary Law Tenancies
3. Persons Who Can Hold Interests In Land: The Stool and Management of Stool
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Property, The Family a Holder of Interests in Land, Marital Family Property.
FLAW 312/374 Immovable Property II

4. Common Law Interests in Land: Introduction to the Law of Tenure and Estates,
Equitable and Legal Interests, the Law of Landlord and Tenant, Co-Ownership.
5. Uncertainty in Land Titles and Insecurity in Land Transactions and Attempted
Solutions: Nature, Estoppel, Limitation of Actions, Registration of Instruments Affecting
Land, Land Title Registration.
3. Compulsory Acquisition and State Administration of Land Introduction to the Law of
Natural Resources: Introduction to Minerals and Mining Law, Introduction to Forestry
Law, Concessions.
4. Introduction to Physical Planning Law
5. Land Law Reform
FLAW 313/371 Criminal Law I (General Principles)

Nature and Scope of Criminal Law, The Requirements of Criminal Liability and Mens Rea,
Causation, Capacity, General Defences, Special Defences: (Intoxication and Insanity,
Provocation).
FLAW 314/372 Criminal Law II (Specific Offences)

The Law of Attempt – Inchoate Offences and Parties, Abatement and Conspiracy, Offences Against
the Person: Homicide, Offences Against the right of property, Offences Against Public Morals and
Public Order, Offences Against the State: Treason and Sedition.
FLAW 321/323 Public International Law I

Introduction: Nature and Context of International Law, Sources of International Law, Subjects of
International Law, State Territory and Jurisdiction, The Law of the Sea, Air and Outer Space.
FLAW 322/324 Public International Law II

Individuals, Nationality and state Responsibility, Law of Treaties, Diplomatic Law, Human Rights,
Settlement of Disputes, The Use of Force, International Organisation.
FLAW 425/492 Administrative Law

Nature of Administrative Law, Constitutional doctrines and theories relevant to Administrative Law,
The Executive Branch of Government: Administrative and Public Sector Institutions, Local
Government, The Law making powers of the Administration, Natural Justice and the Administration,
Review of discretionary powers, Judicial remedies, Extra-judicial remedies (Commission of Human
Rights and Administrative Justice, Administrative Tribunals), Commission and Committee of
Enquiry, Proceedings between the state and its servants and agents.
FLAW 400/410 Long Essay

As required of undergraduate students.
FLAW 401/403 Jurisprudence I

Introduction – The Nature of Jurisprudence, Natural Law Theories, Positivism, The Pure Theory of
Law, Historical School of Jurisprudence, Realism – American and Scandinavian.
FLAW 402/404 Jurisprudence II

Sociological School of Jurisprudence, Customary Law, Marxist Theory of Law and State,
Theories of Rights – Hohfeldian Rights, Human Rights (if not offered as an Elective) etc., Gender
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and the Law, Law and Development, Islamic Law
FLAW 433/407 Equity and Trusts

Historical Background: Origin, Nature and Development of Equity. Maxims of Equity, Remedies:
Specific Performance, Injunctions, Rectification, Rescission, Account, Delivery up and Cancellation
of Documents., Declaratory Judgement, Uses and Trusts.
FLAW 434/408 Law of Succession

3. Pledges and Mortgages
4. Succession
Testate: Customary and Statutory
Intestate: i. A brief outline of the Customary aspect.
ii. Intestate Succession Law, 1985 (PNDCL. 111
iii. Effect of PNDCL.111 on (a) Marriage Ordinance, Cap. 127, (b) Marriage of
Mohammedan Ordinance, Cap 129, (c) Customary Law.
3. The Dead as property.
FLAW 435/405 International Trade Law

The Law of international Trade – the importance of trade; sources of Law of International Trade law;
formulating agencies etc., etc. The outline of the sale transaction – International Sales of Goods;
special terms, INCOTERMS etc. International Sales contracts based on Sea carriage – c.i.f., fob, C &
F, ex works etc. Insurance of Goods in the International Sale Transaction (in outline). Payment in
international sales (Letters of Credit etc.) Disputes in international transactions – the conflict of laws,
the problems of conflict, proper law of the contract etc.; proceedings and jurisdiction; the Mareva
injunction; the Mareva injunction; the enforcement of foreign judgments and awards.
FLAW 406/436 International Investment Law

Introductory – Principal issues in controversy regarding foreign investments and the Sovereign
Authority of states over foreign investments. International Contracts, Nationalisation and
Compensation, Permanent Sovereignty of states over natural resources, Codes of conduct for
Multinational Corporations, Transfer of Technology, New Methods of Investment Dispute
Settlement.
FLAW 437/475 Natural Resource Law I

Rights, Institutions and Non-Financial Obligations: Introductory Survey of the Mining Sector,
Mineral Exploration and Production Rights, Introductory Survey of the Petroleum Sector, Petroleum
Exploration and Production Rights, Land rights and Mineral/Petroleum Rights, Environmental and
Safety Issues in Mineral/Petroleum Operations, The Mineral Resources of the Seabed and Ocean
Floor, Legal Regulation of Trees and Forests.
FLAW 438/476 Natural Resource Law II

Marketing and Financial Issues: Financing Mineral and Petroleum Operations, The fiscal Regime
for Mineral and Petroleum Operations, Marketing Arrangements for Mineral/Petroleum, Exchange
Control, Electricity Supply Arrangements, Stability Issues, Dispute Settlement.
FLAW 431/441 Intellectual Property Law I

1.Introduction to Intellectual Property Law: Historical background, characteristics and definition
of intellectual property law. Main fields of intellectual property namely, patents, utility models,
industrial designs, trade marks, trade secrets, copyright law neighbouring rights
2. Patents: Evolution of patent law and its justification, Conditions of Patentability, National,
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Regional and International administration of the patent system, Rights of the Patentee and scope
of protection, Utility models
3. Copyright Law and Neighbouring rights: Historical development of copyright law – national
and international levels, Basic principles of copyright law, The impact of emerging technologies
on copyright, Authors societies, Neighbouring Rights.
FLAW 432/442 Intellectual Property Law II

1. Trade Marks and Unfair Competition: Introductory overview of trade mark law, Trade mark
rights and protection, National and International administration of works and registration,
General principles of unfair competition law, The Economic tort of passing off.
2. Industrial Design: Objective of an industrial design – Legal System, The varying regimes of
industrial design Law – National and International.
3. Confidential Information and Trade Secrets: The Nature of Protectable Confidential
Information and its obligations, Employee relationships, Defence and remedies.
4. Transfer of Technology: The concept of technology transfer, Licensing agreements including
compulsory licensing, Economic effects of Intellectual Property, Ghanaian Law and Practice
on technology Transfers.
5. Regional Arrangements
FLAW 443/467 Conflict of Laws I (General Part)

Introduction to the Conflict of Laws. Concept and Meaning of Foreign Law; proof of Foreign
Law; Exclusion of Applicable Foreign Law. Domicile – The Traditional Rules and their
Application in Ghana; Developments around the World. Jurisdiction – In personam; In Rem;
Exceptions to Jurisdiction – sovereign immunity. Foreign Judgements and Foreign Arbitral
Awards. Contracts – Determination of the Proper Law, Law governing Specific Topics. Torts –
Historical Development of the rule for Determining the Applicable Law; Various Views as to the
Applicable Law – Lex Loci; Phillips v. Eyre as modified by Chaplin v. Boys, Proper Law of Tort.
FLAW 444/468 Conflict of Laws II

Movable and Immovable property, Succession, Family Law (in outline only) – Capacity to marry;
Matrimonial uses; Recognition of Foreign Decrees. Domestic Relations – Custody, Guardianship,
Legitimacy, Legitimation and Adoption. Classification, Incidental Question, Renvoi, Substance and
Procedure, Theories and Methods.
FLAW 445/497 Commercial Law I (Sale of Goods and Hire Purchase)

1. Sale of Goods: Nature and Formation of a Contract of Sale, Types of obligations Created by the
Sale of Goods Act, Duties of the Seller, Duties of the Buyer, Transfer of Property and risk ,
Remedies of the Seller, Remedies of the Buyer, C.I.F. AND F.O.B. Sales
2. The Law on Hire-Purchase: Nature of Hire Purchase Agreements, History of Hire Purchase
Law in Ghana – (pre 1958 to date), Hirer’s right of termination and Completion, Owner’s right of
recovery, Implied terms, Third Party Rights.
FLAW 446/498 Commercial Law II (Agency and Banking)

Definition and Existence of Agency, Capacity to act as Principal, Capacity to act as Agent, Agent’s
duties to his Principal, Agent’s rights against the Principal, Relationship of Principal and Agent with
third Party, Banks, Banking, and Non-Banking Financial Institutions, Negotiable Instruments and
their Kin, Banker-Customer Relations, Securities Regulation.
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FLAW 447 International Human Rights Law I
The Evolution of the Concept of Human Rights, Historical Antecedents of Human Rights, The
United Nations Human Rights System, the European System for the Protection of Human Rights,
The Inter-American Human Rights System, The African System of Human and People’s Right
System, The CSCE and the Helsinki Final Act, Non-Governmental Organizations, Domestic
Absorptions.
FLAW 448/478 International Human Rights Law II (Specified Topics)

International Humanitarian Law, The Principle of Equality or Non-Discrimination with Particular
Reference to Women’s Rights, The Rights of the Child, Freedom of Opinion and Expression, Human
Rights and the Criminal Justice System, The Rights of Minorities and Indigenous Peoples, The
International Law of Refugees and Aliens, Human Rights in Cross-Cultural Perspective.
FLAW 451/495 Gender and the Law I

Gender from an Historical and Anthropological Perspective, Women’s Status from a Cultural
Perspective: Customary Norms and Societal Values, Gender and Global Issues: (Population
Planning, Women and the
World’s Economy, Women and Political Leadership, Women and Pornography; Women and
Prostitution).
FLAW 452/496 Gender and the Law II (Selected Topics)

1. Legal issues in Family Law: Marriage, Divorce, Custody and Support of Children,
Surrogate Mother Contracts.
2. Gender and health – Legal Issues Involving Reproductive Matters: Access to
Contraception, Abortion, Sterilization, Infanticide, Drug and Alcohol Abuse During
Pregnancy, Female Circumcision
3. Legal Issues Involving Gender and Criminal Law: rape, Domestic Violence
4. Issues Involving Education
5. Gender and Employment: Legal Issues Involving Restrictive Access to Certain
Occupations; discriminatory Practices in Hiring and promotion; Sexual Harassment,
Family Leave Policies.
6. Legal Issues Involving Women and Property; Women and Inheritance
7. Legal Issues Involving Women and Development; Women in Political Process
FLAW 453/417 Environmental Law I

Introduction: Evolution, Nature, Object and Development of International Environmental Law
and Policy. The Sources of International Environmental Law. Breaches of Environmental Law and
Liability for Environmental Harm, Regulation of Environmental Sectors – International/Domestic
(Protection of Marine Environment Against Pollution, Protecting Inland Waters and Rivers,
Combating Air Pollution, Protection of Wildlife). Trans Sectoral Problems (Toxic or Dangerous
Products and Wastes, Radio activity, Ozone Depletion, Global Warming). Environmental Impact
Assessment.
FLAW 454/418 Environmental Law II

Marine Environment, Biodiversity Conservation, Regionalism: Africa and the EC, The Ghanaian
Environment, Trade, War, Human Rights and the Environment: An overview.
FLAW 465/493 Criminology I

The meaning, nature and scope of criminology. The evolution of criminological thought:
anthropological theories; biological theories, socio-economic and environmental theories, War,
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migration and other factors. Phenomenology, Aetiology of crime; Victimology. Legal principles
relating to insanity, mental deficiency and other forms of mental in capacity. Criminological
Aspects of Victimless Offences: Prostitution, Homosexuality and Lesbianism; Gambling. Crimes
of Violence: Robbery, Homicide, Rape and Sexual Offences. Organised Crime: White Collar
Offences and Economic Crimes. Theories of Criminal Behaviour.
FLAW 466/494 Criminology II

1. Drug Addiction and Alcoholism: Drug Law Enforcement. Juvenile Gangs and
Delinquency; Child Abuse and Juvenile Justice.
2. Sentencing; Theories of Punishment: Custodial And Non-Custodial Punishment:
Community Service.
3. The Prisons, Borstal Institutions and Prisoners’ Rights, Treatment Techniques and
Strategies.
4. U.N. Standard Minimum Rules, Torture.
5. Health Needs of Prisoners, Vocational, Technical and Religious Orientation.
6. The Police and Law Enforcement – Mob Control.
7. Criminological Research, Statistics and Forecasting.
8. Traditional and Modern Crime Control Programmes and Roles of NGOs, Social Workers,
and Religious Bodies.
9. Destitution: Orphanage; Street Children; Begging for Alms, the Aged and Handicapped,
Including Lepers and Lunatic Patients.
FLAW 487 Insurance Law I

The Nature of Insurance: The Contract of Insurance – Relation to contracts of Gaming and Wagering
– The distinction between Gaming Contracts and Insurance Contracts and its development – “p.p.i.”
and “honour” policies – Types of Insurance – Marine and non- Marine risks – the distinguishing
features of marine, life, fire and liability insurance.
The Concept of Insurable Interest: Development of the concept of insurable interest – the principle of
indemnity and its relation to insurable - types of insurable interest. New developments.
The making of an Insurance contract: The insurance agent; nature of his authority and his liability –
The Contract and special terminology – the nature, contents and function of the proposal form –
interim receipts and cover notes.
FLAW 488 Insurance Law II

The rights and Duties of the Parties under the Contract: The principle of utmost good faith - the
materiality of disclosures by the insured – the effect of non-disclosure and misrepresentation –over-
and under-insurance - payment of the premium – return of the premium and its consequences.
Claims: The right to make a claim – the quantum of the claim – the “loss” that creates an entitlement
to claim – Salvage and the insurer’s entitlement to it.
Motor Vehicles (Third Party) Insurance – an outline of case-law and practice in Ghana.
Note: Students offering this course will be expected to have more than an average grasp of the
principles of governing the law of standard contracts. During the course they will be expected to
familiarize themselves with the main forms of standard policies in use in motor and fire insurance in
Ghana.
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SCHOOL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES
The mission of the School is derived from of that of the University, which is to “develop world-
class human resources and capabilities to meet national development needs and global challenges
through quality teaching, learning, research and knowledge dissemination”. In fulfillment of this
mission, the School is to make teaching, research and extension activities in the social sciences
more relevant to the development needs of the Ghanaian society in particular and the world in
general through the offering of attractive, innovative and demand-driven programmes.
The School consists of the following teaching departments:
 Economics
 Geography and Resource Development
 Political Science
 Psychology
 Social Work
 Sociology
In addition to the teaching departments, the School is responsible for approving the academic
programmes of the following institutes, school and centres:
 Institute of Continuing and Distance Education (ICDE)

 Institute of African Studies (IAS)
 Institute of Statistical, Social and Economic Research (ISSER)
 Regional Institute for Population Studies (RIPS)
 Legon Centre for International Affairs (LECIA)
 Centre for Social Policy Studies (CSPC)
 Centre for Migration Studies (CMS)
 Centre for Gender Studies and Advocacy (CEGENSA)
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DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMICS
INTRODUCTION
The Department of Economics was established in 1948 and is one of the teaching and research
departments under the Faculty of Social Studies.The Department offers undergraduate, graduate
and doctorate degrees in Economics and a Master of Arts (M.A.) in Economic Policy
Management. The Department also services other departments/establishments of the University
namely, the College of Agriculture and Consumer Sciences, the University of Ghana City
Campus, the Legon Centre for international Affairs, the Regional Institute for Population Studies
and the Institute of Continuing and Distance Education.
PROGRAMME STRUCTURE
LEVEL 100
First Semester
*UGRC 160 Introduction to Literature 3
ECON 101 Introduction to Economics I 3
2 courses from 2 other assigned departments 6
Second Semester
ECON 102 Introduction to Economics II 3
2 courses from 2 other assigned departments 6
LEVEL 200
Students offering Mathematics and/or Statistics will take ECON 203 in the first semester and
ECON 204 in the second semester.
PROGRAMME STRUCTURE
First Semester
* UGRC 220-238 Introduction to African Studies 3
ECON 211 Elements of Economics I 3
ECON 213 Elements of Mathematics for Economists 3
ECON 215 Economy of Ghana I 3
2 courses from other assigned department 6
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*Note: Students to choose UGRC 210 or UGRC 220-238* (3 credits).
Second Semester
ECON 212 Elements of Economics II 3
ECON 214 Elements of Statistics for Economists 3
ECON 216 Economy of Ghana II 3
2 courses from other assigned department 6
LEVEL 300
Major students will take all core courses and all elective courses, making 24 credits in a year, and
combined major students will take all core courses and two electives, making 18 credits in a year.
Minor students will take all (four) core courses in a year, making 12 credits.
PROGRAMME STRUCTURE
First Semester
Core Courses
ECON 311 Microeconomic Theory I 3
ECON 313 Macroeconomic Theory I 3
Elective Courses
ECON 315 Applied Mathematics for Economists 3
ECON 317 Economic Development and Growth I 3
Second Semester
Core Courses
ECON 312 Microeconomic Theory II 3
ECON 314 Macroeconomic Theory II 3
Elective Courses
ECON 316 Applied Mathematics for economist 3
ECON 318 Economic Development and Growth II 3
Total credits at Level 300

A Major student will take 24 credits in a year plus 6 credits from the other assigned department,
making a total of 30 credits.
A combined major student will take 18 credits in a year plus 15 credits from the other assigned
department, making 33 credits.
A minor student will take 12 credits in a year plus 24 credits from the other assigned department,
making 36 credits.
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LEVEL 400
A major student will take all core courses and a minimum of three elective courses in a semester,
making 18 credits in a semester, while a combined major student will take one core course in a
semester (i.e. ECON 401 in the first semester and ECON 402 in the second semester) and four
electives in a year, making 18 credits in a year.
PROGRAMME STRUCTURE
First Semester
Core Courses
ECON 441 Economic Theory I 3
ECON 443 Econometrics I 3
ECON 445 Cost benefit Analysis 3
Elective Courses
ECON 447 International Economics I 3
ECON 449 Industrial Economics I 3
ECON 453 Public Finance I 3
EC ON 457 Agricultural Economics I 3
ECON 467 Economic Planning I 3
ECON 469 Labour Economics I 3
ECON 473 Money And Banking I 3
Second Semester
Core Courses
ECON 442 Economic Theory II 3
ECON 444 Econometrics II 3
ECON 446 Project Work 3
Elective Courses
ECON 448 International Economics II 3
ECON 452 Industrial Economics II 3
ECON 454 Public Finance II 3
EC ON 458 Agricultural Economics II 3
ECON 468 Economic Planning II 3
ECON 472 Labour Economics II 3
ECON 474 Money And Banking II 3
Total credits at level 400

A major student will take 36 credits from the department in a year.
A combined major student will take 18 credits from the department and 15 credits from the other
assigned department, making 33 credits
Total credits needed to Graduate
A major student: 132 credits
A combined major student: 132 credits
A minor student: 132 credits
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COURSE DESCRIPTIONS
LEVEL 100
ECON 101: Introduction to Economics I

This course is intended to provide the student with knowledge of: (i) the basic principles of
economics such as the nature and scope of economics, scarcity and opportunity cost , the use of
theories in economics, the market economy and the working of markets , and demand and supply
analysis. (ii) the evolution of schools of thought in economics. It will also introduce the student to
important aspects of the Economy of Ghana and development issues of sub-Saharan Africa.
ECON 102: Introduction to Economics II

This course introduces some of the basic concepts and issues of macroeconomics. They include
topics such as economic growth and overall living standards, national output concepts and
measurement, and the national income accounts of Ghana. Other major macroeconomic variables
such as the price level and inflation, employment and unemployment, government budget deficits,
and balance of payment accounts are also explored. The course also introduces the theory of national
income determination in the short run using expenditure analysis.
LEVE 200
ECON 211: Elements of Economics I (Pre-req: ECON 101)

The Nature and Scope of Economics. The Economic System, Scarcity and Opportunity Costs. Supply
and Demand, Elasticity, concepts, problems and applications. Application of Demand and Supply.
The Economics of Agriculture, the Theory of Household Behaviour. Consumer Behaviour. Theory of
Production. Nature of Cost Curves. Market Structure - Perfect Competition, Monopoly.
ECON 212: Elements of Economics II (Pre-requisite: ECON 102)

This course will deal with varieties of macroeconomic thinking, measuring aggregate output, income
and prices, aggregate demand and income determination, fluctuations of aggregate demand, GNP,
fiscal policy, (mechanisms, problems and issues). It will cover topics such as money: what it is and
what it does, the supply of money, monetary policy (mechanisms, problems and issues). Other areas
to be treated include inflation and unemployment, aggregate demand and aggregate supply, inflation
and unemployment, the gains from trade, international exchange, trade policy (mechanics, problems
and issues), economic development and world poverty.
ECON 213: Elements of Mathematics for Economists

This course will cover fundamental techniques such as (i) basic algebraic procedures, simple and
simultaneous equations; (ii) functions, types, and graphical representation. (iii) simple economic
applications and simple market models; introduction to calculus, including (i) concepts of Slope
and continuity, (ii) meaning of derivatives and differentiation, (iii) techniques of differentiation
and rules, (iv) applications to economic, phenomena, comparative statistics, elasticities,
propensities, input-output models. It will also look at functions in one variable, including (i)
maximum and minimum points, (ii) second order conditions, and (iii) applications. Functions of
two or more variables such as (i) partial derivatives (ii) determination of maximum and minimum
points, (iii) second order conditions (iv) constrained maximization, the Lagrangean Technique,
First and Second Order Conditions, applications, profit maximization and consumer choice
problems, input and output demand functions, cost functions and introduction to integral calculus,
(ii) techniques and rules of integration (iii) applications. Investment, saving functions and growth
models will also be treated.
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ECON 214: Elements of Statistics for Economists
We will look at the scope of statistics, collection, classification, tabulations and presentation of data.
Frequency distributions, graphical presentation and the lorenz curve will be given attention. Measures
of location, dispersion and skewness will also be examined. Probability, sets, experiments, events,
sample space, conditional probability, statistical independence, random variable and elementary
treatment of distributions, inclding Binomial, Poisson and Chi-square distributions will be covered.
Simple Random sampling, the central limit theorem and Normal distribution will also be treated.
We will also focus on estimation and tests of significance, including correlation coefficient, rank
correlational point estimation, biasedness, consistency and Type I and II errors as well as Simple
linear regression, tests of hypotheses concerning means, proportions, variances, significance levels
and t and f tests. Confidence intervals for means, association and contingency tables will also be
looked at.
ECON 215: Economy of Ghana I

National Income Accounting, Income, expenditure and Product approaches to estimating national
income; national income as a measure of welfare; problems and methods of comparing income
between countries and in one country overtime. Structure of the Economy; changes in Ghana's
Economic Structure, Theories of Structural Changes. Growth performance of the aggregate economy;
accounting for growth. Sectors, growth performance and structure; agriculture, manufacturing, mining
and quarrying and construction, services, etc. Population, labour force and Economic Growth, Labour
Force Participation, Unemployment and Employment Migration.
ECON 216: Economy of Ghana II

International Trade: Balance of payments - measuring and nature; foreign trade statistics, policies to
deal with balance of payments deficits, economic aid. Inflation and Growth; Price Index; Ghana's
Consumer Prices Index; Price Policy; Relationship between Inflation and Growth. Monetary sector;
the Financial Institutions; Monetary policy in historical perspective, Government and the Economy;
Role of government in the economy; the government's budget - sources of revenue, public
expenditure; financing budget deficits. Planning: A comparative study of planning in Ghana.
Level 300
ECON 311: Microeconomic Theory I (Pre-req: EC0N 211 and ECON 213)
Economic model-building. Positive and normative economics. Micro and Macro. Comparative Static
and dynamic models. Consumer Behaviour and Demand Theory, Cardinal utility approach to demand
theory: law of diminishing marginal utility, consumer equilibrium, Marshal's derivation of law of
demand. Ordinal utility approach: indifference curve analysis; principle of diminishing marginal rate
of substitution; consumer equilibrium, price consumption curve; income consumption curve; income
effect; substitution effect; price effect; inferior good, Giffen good. Revealed preference approach:
brief treatment. Demand function; individual and market demand schedules and curves; ceteris
paribus assumptions; elasticity of demand; price elasticity of demand; income elasticity of demand;
price and marginal revenue; cross-elasticities. Theory of Production: Production function: Total,
average, and marginal product. 3-stage analysis. Isoquants. Marginal rate of technical substitution.
Isocost curves. Relationships between costs and inputs. Expansion path. Social costs and private
costs. Short-run cost theory: fixed, variable, total, average and marginal cost. Long-run costs. Cost
elasticity. Economies and diseconomies of scale. Theory of the Firm: Perfect Competition: Basic
concepts, definitions, assumptions: the firm, market, product homogeneity, perfect knowledge, profit
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maximization, free entry. Short-run equilibrium of firm and industry. Long-run equilibrium of the
firm. Constant and increasing costs industries.
ECON 312: Microeconomic Theory II (Prerequisite: ECON 311)

Monopoly: Definition and assumption of model. Demand curve under monopoly. Short-run
equilibrium. Long-run equilibrium. Price discrimination. Monopolistic Competition. Meaning:
product differentia-tion, many sellers. Pricing decision under monopolistic competition; short-run
and long-run equilibrium. excess Capacity. Oligopoly: Concepts, Duopoly models. Kinked demand
curve. Theory of games (brief introduction). Brief discussion of behavioural theories of the firm.
Theory of Distribution. Marginal productivity theory in perfectly competitive markets; demand for a
factor of production, supply of a variable factor; product exhaustion; distribution and relative factor
share, elasticity of substitution; technological progress. Modifications of the theory - introduction of
imperfections in product and factor markets; monopoly and monopsony; trade unions. Theory of rent:
Ricardian treatment. Modern treatment - derived demand, transfer costs, opportunity costs quasi-rent.
Capital and interest: as an application of marginal productivity theory. Determination of rate of
interest by supply and demand. Welfare Economics: Pareto optimality; optimum conditions of
production and exchange. The role of welfare economics in modern economic analysis.
ECON 313: Macroeconomic Theory I (Pre-req: ECON 212 and ECON 213)
Introduction: Macroeconomic variable; functional relationships and parameters; national income and
national product accounting; circular flow of income and spending. Classical Macroeconomics: Say's
law of market; the quantity theory of money; saving, investment and the rate of interest to the classical
full-employment equilibrium; Wicksell's formulation: monetary and fiscal policy in classical
economics. Keynesian Macroeconomics: The consumption function; the multiplier; simple Keynesian
model; liquidity preference and the speculative demand for money; the liquidity trap; extensions of the
simple Keynesian model, government - expenditure multiplier; balanced-budget multiplier;
investment and foreign-trade multiplier; policy implications of the Keynesian model. Aggregate
Demand and Supply Curves. Theory of Inflation: Demand-pull and cost-push inflation; the dynamics
of inflation; hyper-inflation and creeping inflation; Phillips curve; controls of inflation.
ECON 314: Macroeconomic Theory II (Prerequisite: ECON 313)

Consumption Demand. Absolute Income, Life Cycle, Permanent income and Relative Income
Hypothesis; Theory of Investment. Motivation of investment; determination of `present' value of
investment; marginal efficiency of capital; acceleration principle. Combination of the Classical and
Keynesian Models. The equality of saving and investment; introduction of supply and demand for
money; the Hicks-Hansen analysis and synthesis; flexible wages and employment; critical evaluation
of the Keynesian model. The Demand for Money and Money Supply. Theory of Economic Growth.
The Classical growth model; Harrod-Domar growth model; policy implications. External Trade.
Theory of Economic Policy
ECON 315: Applied Mathematics for Economists

(Prerequisite: ECON 213 and ECON 214)
Review of basic mathematical concepts; derivations, rules for differentiation, integral, calculus,
difference and differential equations. Mathematical treatment of the theory of consumer behaviour;
axioms of consumer behaviour; utility functions, budget lines; consumer utility maximization;
derivation of demand curves; priced and income elasticities; complements and substitutes; normal
inferior and Giffen good. Mathematical treatment of production theory. Production functions: Cobb-
Douglas, Constant Elasticity of Substitution (CES), and Homogeneous production functions.
Derivation of the isoquant, the expansion path, and the elasticity of substitution; producer profit
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maximization. The applications of difference and differential equations to the analyses of economic
fluctuations and the `cobweb' model.
ECON 316: Applied Statistics for Economists (Prerequisite: ECON 213 and ECON 214)
Review of probability distributions of importance to economic problems: normal, binomial, Poisson.
Multi-variate distributions. Construction of index numbers: Time series analysis. Basic design of
questionnaires and analysis of variance of experimental (or survey date-applications to economic data.
Tests of significance. Correlation and regression (simple and multiple) analyses. Economic
interpretation of regression coefficients of Demand and Supply functions. Derivation of elasticities of
demand and supply. Economic policy implications.
ECON 317: Economic Development and Growth I (Pre-req: Econ 211 and 212)
This course is designed to introduce students to some major growth models (both traditional and
contemporary) and cross cutting issues such as gender and sustainable development, poverty and
inequality. The course is also designed to expose students to issues such as the relationship
between Aid debt and growth and trade and growth.
ECON 318: Economic Development and Growth II (Pre-req: Econ 211 and 212)
This course is the continuation the exploration of Economic growth and development which began
in the first semester. It focuses on specific problems faced by less developed countries. In this
course issues such as high population, urbanization and rural migration and education are
considered.
LEVEL 400
ECON 441: Economic Theory I (Micro) (Pre-req: ECON 311 and 312.
A good background in Quantitative Techniques)
The nature of Economic Theory. Theory of Consumer Behaviour and firm behaviour treated as
maximization problems under given constraints. General equilibrium analysis under different market
situations with the conditions for an optimum solution expressed mathematically. Introduction to
welfare economics and economics of socialism.
ECON 442: Economic Theory II (Macro) (Pre-req: ECON 313 and 314.
A good background in Quantitative Techniques)
National Income Accounting Revisited. National Income Determination. Harrod - Domar growth
models and macro-models using difference equations; growth in the context of adjustment; growth
and technological change. Theory of Unemployment and Inflation. Mercantilism and the transition
from feudalism to capitalism. The classical school. The Marxian theory of capitalist development.
Economic historicism. The marginal approach. The neo-classical model. Keynes and the impact of his
thought on economic analyses and policy. Modern trends of thought.
ECON 443: Econometrics I (Prerequisite: ECON 315 and 316)

The Meaning and Purpose of Econometrics: Econometrics of Demand. Econometric demand
equations. Theory of the disturbance term. Cross-sectional analysis, and Engel curves. Econometric
Methods: Least Square (LS), Tests of original hypotheses, and analysis of residuals. A battery of
statistical and economic tests of the economic and statistical hypotheses of the equation of relation; co-
efficient of correlation, determination, variation; t-tests; test for randomness or serial correlation of the
disturbances, of graphing the residuals, and by the Durbin-Watson ‘d’ statistic. The general linear
equation of relation with many variables estimated by classical least square, and using matrix
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methods. The sample error co-variance matrix of estimated parameters. Econometrics of the Firm and
of Supply.
ECON 444: Econometrics II (Prerequisite: ECON 315 and 316)

Models Embodying Many Equations: Least squares bias in the estimation of parameters in
simultaneous equations systems. Elementary methods of attacking this bias problem. Indirect Least
Squares (ILS); Instrumental Variables (IV); Two Stage Least Squares (TL); Rules for testing
identification. Laboratory exercise involves a simple three equation model of the economy of Ghana,
in which one over-identified three variable equation is estimated by LS and TL. The TL result is put
through all of the tests. Miscellaneous Econometric Problems: Collinearity of explanatory variables.
Delayed responses and lagged variables. Estimation when disturbances are serially correlated. Use of
artificial or shift variable (dummy variables). Testing for change of structure - the Chow Test.
ECON 445: Cost Benefit Analysis

This course introduces students to the mechanics of Cost Benefit Analysis (CBA). The course is
designed to expose students to the keys issue in CBA including measurements issues, methods for
evaluating projects and criteria for choosing between alternative projects. It is expected that
students will be adequately equipped with the skills needed for the completion of the project work
at the end of the course.
ECON 446: Project Work (Prerequisite: ECON445)

Students are expected to write a project based on the analytical skills acquired in ECON445.
ECON 447: International Economics I (Pre-req: a good background in

Microeconomics)
This is an introductory course in international economics. It is designed to introduce students to
international trade theory and provide a basis for understanding trade policies. The course covers
major theories of trade (Ricardian, Hecksher-Ohlin and modern trade theories) as well as the
relationship between trade and economic growth, with a particular focus on the role of trade
policy.
ECON 448: International Economics II

This course is complementary to Econ 447 and aims to teach tools for understanding international
financial flows for a complete understanding of the workings of the external sector of the
economy. The main areas covered include balance of payments, exchange rate determination and
policy making in an open economy. Topical issues in the international monetary system, aid, debt
and foreign direct investment are also discussed.
ECON 449: Industrial Economics I (Prerequisite: ECON 311 and 312)

The goal of this course is to introduce students to the structure and organization of firms in an
industry. Welfare implications of output and price determination under major market structures
(monopoly and perfect competition) are briefly discussed. Special emphasis is also given to the
determinants and measurement of industrial market structures.
ECON 452: Industrial Economics II (Prerequisite: ECON 449)

This course continues the discussion of the structure and organization of industries with a
discussion of strategic behavior of firms and regulation of firms. In terms of the former, the issues
discussed include coordination in oligopoly markets and price and non-pricing competitive
behavior. Under regulation, attention will be paid to anti-trust policies, intellectual property rights
and strategic industrial policy.
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ECON 453: Public Finance I (Prerequisite: ECON 311, 312, 313 and 314)
This course is designed to introduce students to issues such as public goods and externalities and
government failure. In addition, issues on public expenditure such as types of public expenditure,
components of public expenditure, cause of public expenditure growth and models on public
expenditure are also considered.
ECON 454: Public Finance II (Prerequisite: ECON 453)

This course is structured in such a way as to introduce students to the issues on taxation. Special
emphasis is given to issues such as characteristics of a good system, partial and general
equilibrium analysis of the impact of different categories of taxes on consumers and producers in
an economy and the analysis of public debt. In discussing these issues, emphasis is placed on
empirical evidence from Ghana.
ECON 457: Agricultural Economics I

(Pre-req: A good background in Economic Theory)
This course focuses on the economic issues of agriculture in developing countries. It looks at the
structure and organization of agriculture in developing countries and the attendant problems for
mechanization, the agricultural production function, pricing of agricultural inputs and outputs. The
course also place special emphasis on technology adoption in agriculture.
ECON 458: Agricultural Economics II (Prereq: ECON 457)

This course continues the discussion on agriculture in developing countries with a focus on the
main issues and problems of agriculture and transformation as well as a discussion of policy
measures to address these problems. The main problems discussed are land tenure systems and
land reforms, marketing of agricultural products (with particular attention paid to international
commodity pricing of agricultural products), financing for agriculture and external constraints to
agricultural policy.
ECON 467: Economic Planning I (Prerequisite: ECON 311, ECON 312 ECON 313 & 314)
This course focuses on introductory issues in economic planning. It begins with the political
economy debate on the relative roles of the state and market in a developing country setting. This
is followed by a comprehensive discussion of the various issues in planning: types of planning, the
rationale for planning, the planning process, institutional frameworks, challenges of planning.
ECON 468: Economic Planning II (Prerequisite: ECON 467)

This is a continuation of the first semester’s course. It extends the discussion on the planning
process and on economic planning in Ghana and other developing countries. The course will
further examine differences and similarities among the various plans and do an evaluation of each
plan.
ECON 469: Labour Economics I (Prerequisite: ECON 311 and 312)

This course is designed to enable students gain a thorough understanding of the functioning of
labour markets. It focuses mainly on wage determination, the demand for and supply of labour.
The course also exposes students to theories of human capital development, i.e., the return to
human capital investment and efficiency wage models.
ECON 472: Labour Economics II (Prerequisite: ECON 469)

The course focuses mainly on the labour market in Ghana. The course will begin with a discussion
of the structure and patterns of employment (unemployment and underemployment) in Ghana. The
major labour market institutions and elements of industrial relations are also discussed. The course
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gives attention issues and problems of the labour market and industrial relations in Ghana (in
particular, labour market discrimination) as well as labour market policies.
ECON 473: Money And Banking I (Pre-req: ECON 313 and ECON 314)
This is an introductory course in monetary theory. It begins with the development of modern
money from a barter system. It also focuses on the detailed treatment of the money market in a
closed economy with an examination of various theories of the demand for money and
measurements and determinants of money supply. Other areas covered include the terms structure
of interest rates and money in the open economy.
ECON 474: Money And Banking II (Pre-req: ECON 473

This course builds on the examination of monetary theory which began in the first semester, with a
focus on the role of financial institutions and the conduct of monetary policy. Financial
intermediation, with emphasis on the role of formal financial institutions and the informal/semi
formal and microfinance institutions, is treated in detail. The course also discuses Ghana’s
financial system and monetary policy experience.
DEPARTMENT OF GEOGRAPHY AND RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT
The Department since its establishment in 1948, continues to provide leadership and academic
excellence in Geography and Resource Development. As a result, it enjoys increasing high
patronage from undergraduate and graduate students. The Department is a teaching and research
leader in development and innovative transfer of knowledge acquired through rigorous scientific
investigations of the bio-physical and human environment. The Department successfully offers
courses at BA, M.Phil and PhD levels in such areas as Climatology, Geomorphology,
Cartography, Remote Sensing and Geographical Information Systems (RS/GIS), Transportation,
Population, Gender and Health; Historical Geography, Rural Resources Development, Tourism
Development, Urban Studies, Regional Development, etc. Senior members in the Department
carry out research and extension activities in these areas. The Department hosts a number of State-
of-the-art laboratories, including the Remote Sensing GIS Laboratory (RSAL) and the Ecological
Laboratory (ECOLAB), which continue to assist in building capacity of students and staff in
teaching and research.
PROGRAMME STRUCTURE
LEVEL 100 FIRST SEMESTER

GEOG 111 Introduction to Physical Geography 3
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SECOND SEMESTER

GEOG 112 Introduction to Human Geography 3

GEOG 211 Introduction to Geographic Thought 3
GEOG 213 Introduction to Weather and Climate 3
PROGRAMME STRUCTURE
SECOND SEMESTER
GEOG 212 Geomorphological Processes and Landforms 3
GEOG 214 Principles and Methods of Cartography 3
OTHER SUBJECT 2 Courses from the other assigned Department 3
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LEVEL 300 (GEOGRAPHY MAJOR/COMBINED)
FIRST SEMESTER
A Geography Major student will take THREE core courses, at least ONE elective course and any
ONE course from the other assigned Department per semester. (15 credits)
A Combined major Geography student will take a total of THREE CORE courses per year and
at least ONE elective course per semester.
PROGRAMME STRUCTURE
FIRST SEMESTER
GEOG 321 Soils and Biogeography 3
GEOG 323 Regional Geography of Africa (One region outside West 3
Africa)
GEOG 325 Theory and Practice of Geography 3
GEOG 327 Introduction to Remote Sensing and Geographic Information 3
Systems (GIS)
GEOG 331 Arid Lands 3
Any ONE Course from the other assigned Department 3
SECOND SEMESTER
GEOG 322 Introduction to Resource Analysis 3
GEOG 324 Regional Geography of West Africa with Special Reference to 3
Ghana
GEOG 326 Research Methods 3
GEOG. 328 Geography of Gender and Development in Africa 3
GEOG 342 Climatology 3
GEOG 344 Geographic Information System (GIS) 3
Any ONE Course from the other assigned Department 3
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LEVEL 400
A Geography Major student will take TWO core courses and at least TWO elective courses plus
a mandatory Long Essay per semester. (15 credits)
A Combined Geography student will take a total of THREE core courses, including GEOG 401
(Regional Development) per year, and at least ONE elective course for each semester (15 credits).
A combined geography student writing a long essay will be required to take ONE core course per
semester and at least one elective course in the year (15 credits).
PROGRAMME STRUCTURE
FIRST SEMESTER
GEOG 450 Long Essay 3
GEOG 451 Regional Development 3
GEOG 453 Geography of the Developing World 3
Elective Courses 3
GEOG 455 Rural Resources Development: Theories and Policies 3
GEOG 457 Political Geography 3
GEOG 459 Population Studies 3
GEOG 463 Transportation Studies 3
GEOG 465 The City: Origins, Internal Structure and Economic Function 3
GEOG 467 Historical Geography of Africa 3
GEOG 469 Agricultural Land use Theories and Policies 3
GEOG 471 Geography of Tourism 3
GEOG 473 Medical Geography 3
GEOG 475 Industrial Location Theory and Practice 3
GEOG 477 Pedology 3
GEOG 479 Environmental Ecology 3
GEOG 481 Climate and Society (Formerly, Applied Climatology) 3
GEOG 483 Tropical Geomorphology 3
GEOG 485 Hydrology 3
*GEOG 493 Theories and Analytical Methods for Integrated Disaster Risk 3
Reduction (IDRR)
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SECOND SEMESTER

GEOG 450 LONG ESSAY 3
GEOG 452 Techniques of Regional Science 3
GEOG 454 Spatial Organization 3
Elective Courses 3
GEOG 456 Rural Development Experiences 3
GEOG 458 Population and Development 3
GEOG 462 Transport and the Space Economy 3
GEOG 464 Cities in Economic Development and Problems of Urban 3
Management
GEOG 466 Historical Geography of North Western Europe 3
GEOG 468 Sustainable Agricultural Systems in the Developing World 3
GEOG 472 Spatio-Temporal Analysis of Health and Development 3
GEOG 474 Industrialisation in the developing World 3
GEOG 478 Tropical Biogeography 3
GEOG 482 Tourism Development in the Third World 3
GEOG 484 Climatic Change: Arid and Semi arid Lands (Formerly, 3
Climatology of Arid and Semi-Arid Lands)
GEOG 486 Applied Geomorphology 3
GEOG 488 Soil Survey 3
GEOG 4922 Environmental Hydrology 3
GEOG 494 Geopolitics of Africa 3
GEOG 496 Policies and Strategies for Integrated Environmental Health 3
(IEH) And Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) in Urban Areas
1. A Geography major student will need a minimum of 78 credits to graduate
2. A combined major Geography student will need a minimum of 48 credits to graduate.
COURSE DESCRIPTIONS
GEOG 111: Introduction to Physical Geography
The course is designed to examine the problems of the physical environment including climate,
soils and vegetation as a foundation for GEOG 202 and GEOG 301. Specific areas include nature
and scope, rocks, weathering and mass wasting, slopes, introduction to soils, Vegetation (types
and distributions), and the atmosphere (origin, vertical divisions and composition).
GEOG 112: Introduction to Human Geography

The course seeks to expose students to the dominant themes which form important segments of
Geography as a discipline. Question such as What is Geography? (what, where, why and when
questions) and What is human Geography? (various approaches to the study of Human Geography
– systematic and regional approaches) will be covered. In addition, man and environment
interaction (man as a modifier and the influence of the environment on man), agriculture in
human geography (world agricultural systems, world population – the history of population
growth, world population distribution and key characteristics of population of a country), World’s
urbanization (processes and characteristics of urbanization in tropical Africa and Ghana) and the
environment (degradation of the environment in the world, Africa and Ghana in particular) will be
focused on.
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GEOG 211: Introduction to Geographic Thought
Topics to be covered include the development of geographic thought from Greek times to the
present, the contradictions and shifting positions in the geographic perspective prior to the
development of the scientific method, and the contributions of the Greeks, Romans and Moslems
to the development of Geographic Thought. Others are the Age of Discovery and its impact on the
development of geographic thought, Geography in the seventeenth century, Geography in the
eighteenth century, divergent views in the late nineteenth century, including environmental
determinism, possibilism and probablilism, as well as Geography and the geographical method
and the region and regionalism.
GEOG 213: Introduction to Weather and Climate

This is an introductory survey of weather components and processes and their measurements. It
will examine climate elements and their control factors, data aggregation and representation,
geographic classification of climatic and vegetation types, scope and purpose of climatology, the
atmosphere: structure and composition, Structure of climatological networks, Basic concepts in
the study of climatology, weather elements, their measurements and units of statistical
aggregation. Physical environmental factors and their controls on weather and climate, as well as
representation of climatic data: the Station Model, Global distribution of climates and vegetation
will be looked at.
GEOG 212: Geomorphological Processes and Landforms

Topics to be treated include earth materials, structure and endogenic processes and forms, origin
and mode of occurrence of igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic rocks, rock forming minerals,
tectonic effects on rocks and their landform expressions, faulting and faults; jointing and joint
topographic expressions and volcanicity.
GEOG 214: Principles and Methods of Cartography

The course is designed to introduce students to the principles and methods of map making and to
equip them with the skills for interpreting the features on maps and extracting information from
maps. The approach will include practical sessions on map interpretation and measurements and
Computer assisted cartography. Students will also be introduced to the use of the Global
Positioning System (GPS) as a modern method of cartographic data collection.
GEOG 321: Soils and Biogeography

This will cover an analysis of world variations and distribution of soils and vegetation and the
associated climates as well as the distribution of some animal populations. Field trips provide
local illustrations for factors of soil formation, physical and chemical properties of soils and the
soil map of Ghana. In addition factors influencing the global distribution of vegetation, selected
vegetation types in the major climatic zones of the world; vegetation and their associated animals
will be examined.
GEOG 323: Regional Geography of Africa (One region outside West Africa)
The course will deal with the physical environment and its challenges, the patterns of human
activity and the geographical basis of regional co-operation. Other aspects of the physical
environment including geology, soils, relief, climate and vegetation; patterns of economic activity
such as mining, agriculture, pastoralism, pransportation, industrialization and trade; population
characteristics and distribution and the geographical bases of regional and continental cooperation
will be treated.
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GEOG 325: Theory and Practice of Geography
The course will focus on the scientific method and its adoption in Geography, philosophy and
logic in the social sciences, laws, theories and models and their application in geography and the
Science of Geography (Is Geography a science).The quantitative revolution and its explanation in
geography, the role of laws, theories and models in geography and problems of application wil
also be examined.
GEOG 327: Introduction to Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems

(GIS)
The course will deal with photographic and scanner remote sensing; basic principles of remote
sensing; electromagnetic spectrum; the multiband concept of imagery interpretation; photographic
remote sensing and its application in urban and rural land use studies. In addition it will deal with
the definition and types of remote sensing; a historical review of the development of
environmental remote sensing, the physical basis of remote sensing (the electromagnetic
spectrum), aerial photographs, characteristics, types, flying for cover and types, scale, overlaps,
stereo-vision, relief displacement; photo evaluation (photo reading, analysis and interpretation);
principles of object recognition: shape, size, texture; project procedure (including library search,
reconnaissance survey, fieldwork, analysis and recording); application in urban and rural
inventories; and principles of Geographic Information Systems.
GEOG 331: Arid Lands

We will look at the location and extent of arid and semi-arid lands and bases of delimitation,
causes and types of arid lands, the physical background and natural resources of arid lands,
problems of occupance of arid lands, and the arid and semi-arid lands of the world and the
physical environment and natural resources. Other topics are the population of arid lands; Man
versus aridity: early cultures and their adjustments to arid environments.
GEOG 322: Introduction to Resource Analysis

The course will deal with the growing concern about natural resources, development and the
environment within the broad context of the ecology of resource processes and analyses of socio-
economic and environmental implications of natural resources use. Concept and analytical
dimensions of resources, the scarcity debate, the role of natural resources in development, Surveys,
organization and use of resources information, ecology of the resource processes, natural resources
and population relationships, conservation and sustainable development as well as resource policy
issues will be treated.
GEOG 324: Regional Geography of West Africa, with Special Reference to Ghana
West Africa as a region will be examined, as will physical environmental challenges and the
human responses as well as the patterns of economic activity with emphasis on Ghana. The
prospects of access: there will be a detailed study of West Africa as a geographical and political
region, and of Ghana in particular, with regard to the following topics: the physical background;
population characteristics and distribution; agriculture, pastoralism and forestry; transportation
and industrialization.
GEOG 326: Research Methods

The course will teach the design and formulation of research projects and the methods and
procedures for handling data, questionnaire design and coding, data collection techniques and
problems and report writing. Inferential statistics and introduction to multivariate techniques,
problem formulation in scientific research the basic requirements of a research proposal, literature
review and hypotheses formulation will be covered. Others areas include report writing; sampling
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theory and methods of sampling; tests of hypothesis and significance; parametric and non-
parametric statistics, e.g., chi-square, spearman rank correlation; review of frequency distributions,
frequency polygons, histograms and other forms of cartographic representations, e.g., charts and
bar graphs, measures of location and dispersion.
GEOG 328: Geography of Gender and Development in Africa

The course looks at gender and the dynamics of socio-economic change within the context of spatial
systems as well as the gender-neutral development theory and the concept of feminism in geography
as applied to regional patterns of development as countries become more industrialized. Africa
provides the basis for the course, though spatial aspects of development from other countries will be
used for comparative purposes: The concept of feminism in geography; population, agriculture and
nutrition; spatial patterns of women’s economic activities; technology, women and development;
gender and development planning.
GEOG 342: Climatology

The course will examine regional climates and anomalies with particular emphasis on the
temperate and tropical regions. Evapotranspiration, water balance concepts and Koeppen’s
classification system will be looked at. General circulation: models, principal airmasses, local
wind systems; mid-latitude climates: fronts, cyclones, anticyclones and their associated weather;
tropical climates, tropical disturbances and squall lines; the inter-tropical discontinuity (ITD) and
weather zones of Ghana and West Africa; water balance climatology and regional classification of
climates in detail will also be covered.
GEOG 344: Geographic Information Systems

Geographic Information Systems (GIS) has become an important integrating component of
Geography. The purpose of this course is to further expose student to the theory and applications
of Geographic Information Systems (GIS). The course will build on knowledge gained in Geog.
307 (Introduction to Remote Sensing and GIS), which will be a pre-requisite. The Remote Sensing
component of the course will comprise “Information extraction” from remotely sensed data for
incorporation into the GIS database. The course covers theory and practicals involving laboratory
sessions with the objective of giving students a deeper insight into defining and implementing GIS
problems in natural and socio-economic resource management. GIS software is introduced for
input, analysis and display of spatial data.
GEOG 450: Long Essay

This course is spread over 2 semesters. Students are encouraged to conduct an independent
research -based study on a topic approved by the Department on the basis of which they will write
an essay of not more than 10,000 words.
GEOG 451: Regional Development

The course will deal with basic theories of development and under-development and theories of
regional development. It will also explore politics and strategies of regional planning and elements
of planning theory. The course is essentially comparative but the focus is Ghana and the Third
World: the concept of development; theories of regional development; strategies of regional
planning; planning theory, regional planning models and development plans.
GEOG 453: Geography of the Developing World

The course will focus on concepts, theories and problems of development and under-development;
social and economic challenges; external relations and trends in inter-dependence in the
geographical regions of Africa, Asia and Latin America. The concept and practical issues of
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development; physical and cultural resources in spatial development; population dynamics;
Economic, social and political development within the framework of spatial organization; spatial
diffusion theories and application; trends interdependence, international trade and aid will also be
explored.
GEOG 455: Rural Resources Development: Theories and Policies

The course will cover theoretical concepts and policies of rural resources utilization for development
with special reference to Sub-Saharan Africa and provide an overview of rural problems and their
inter-related nature and the rationale of rural development. It will also look at rural resources and
development defined, resource base for rural development and policy planning and implementation
methodologies.
GEOG 457: Political Geography

Topics to be examined in this course The meaning and scope of political geography; elements of
political geography; basic principles and key concepts of the interactions between geographical
space and political process; formation of states, nature and functions of boundaries; demarcation
of administrative areas and constituencies; introduction to the geography of elections and
international organizations. The course aims to develop an understanding of the nature of political
geography, consider the meanings and interactions of territory and political activity and provide an
overview of contemporary work in political geography. The course work will include: the nature
of Geography, politics and political geography, the elements of political geography, Approaches to
the study of political geography, the nature and functions of boundaries and frontiers, nation, state
and nation-state, types of states and governments, the structure of the state and administrative
reform, the viability of states, national integration, colonialism and decolonization, Introduction to
global geo-political theories, the heartland theory, sea versus air power, introduction to electoral
geography, international organizations:ECOWAS, EAC, SADC, EU, AU, UN etc., neocolonialism
and globalization.
GEOG 459: Population Studies

The course will examine the concept of organization of space from the point of view of population
(i.e. recognition of spatial patterns and dynamics, with population as the focus) and the relevance of
the study of population dynamics with special reference to their spatial implications for development.
Examples from both the developed and the developing world will be used to treat an Introduction to
population geography, data, spatial measures and mapping, population characteristics (Age, sex,
nuptiality, households, urban-rural patterns, socio-economic etc), components of population change,
Population distribution, world population growth and distribution
GEOG 463: Transportation Studies

The course will deal with transportation and the organization of human society, the theory of
transportation development and planning and the utility of specific models, network formation and
analysis and introduction to transport economics. It will look at definition of transportation
geography and its role and practical importance in the geographical system, covering areas such as
the historical development of the various modes of transport, basic concepts and generative forces of
transportation, models and theories in transportation geography, traffic census, theories and network
analyses, principles of transportation planning and introduction of transport to economics.
GEOG 465: The City: Origins, Internal Structure and Economic Function
The course employs a cross-cultural approach in discussing the broad patterns, trends and dynamics
of world urbanization. There will be an analysis of the internal spatial organization of cities with
special reference to land identification of the major differences and similarities of urban phenomena
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between the developed and under-developed world and the relevance of these themes to urban
planning: history of world urbanization; internal structure of cities/land use analysis and turban
economic analysis.
GEOG 467: Historical Geography of Africa

The various methodological approaches to Historical Geography and the technical and conceptual
advances in the field are examined in relation to spatial analysis. There is also a critical analysis of
the historico-spatial patterns of the Human Geography of Africa from the prehistoric period through
to contemporary times. Northern Africa and Eastern Africa offer specific regions of study in the
course. The outlines includes, methodological development in historical geography, temporal
explanation in geography, the status of historical geography, the dynamic of population growth, the
development of the agricultural landscape, spatial and economic structures in relation to long-term
external influences and development, and an analysis of historico-spatial patterns in Africa.
GEOG 469: Agricultural Land Use Theories and Policies

The course will provide an introduction to general agricultural land use theories and policies and
definitions of basic terms/concepts. Other topics include problems and issues in agricultural land use
and management, factors and basic ideas of agricultural land use, change/evolution of agricultural
landcapes, including agriculture-environment-development interrelationships, ideas of Malthus,
Boserup and others on the relationship, between population and agricultural land use and their
significance for the development process, concept and measurement of carrying capacity of land,
theoretical optimization models of agricultural land use an overview of global agricultural land use
policies and agricultural land use policies in Ghana.
GEOG 471: Geography of Tourism

The course will deal with the concept of tourism and the tourist, the link between geography and
tourism within the framework of resource identification, development and utilization, the role of
tourism planning, development and management and socio-economic and environmental effects of
tourism. Specific topics include the definition of tourism and a tourist, Geography and tourism,
tourism within the framework of systems theory, motivators/determinants of tourism, impediments
to free movement and development of tourism, tourism as a factor of progress in the economy of
developed and developing countries, social and physical impacts of tourism on societies and their
ecological set-ups, basic tenants of tourism planning, a planning model for tourism, development and
management of tourism, and tourism and regional integration.
GEOG 473: Medical Geography

The course will focus on the application of geographical concepts and techniques to health-related
problems and on Studies of local variations of both human and environmental conditions which
are causatively related to human activities. Basically, the course is concerned with describing,
explaining and predicting the etiology, occurrence, transmission and effects of disease in spatial
variation and patterns. Relevant illustration will be drawn from both the developed and
developing world. The outline includes an introduction to medical geography, methodology, rates,
ratios and indicies, ecology of disease causation (agent-host environmental factors), epidemiology
(principles and methods, the physical environment and health, types of diseases and their control,
and environmental health).
GEOG 475: Industrial Location Theory and Practice

The course will explore theories of industrial location and their relevance to the advanced and
developing countries: the various shades of the classical location theory, the behavioural and
empirical approaches, the geography of enterprise and the techniques of industrial location
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analysis, the outline will include the contribution of geographers and economists to industrial
location theory, new developments in industrial location theory (including the application of
systems concept), techniques of industrial location analysis, techniques for measuring industrial
growth and change, industrial location in practice in the advanced market economies and in
developing countries, using Africa as example.
GEOG 477: Pedology

This course will deal with the origin of rocks and minerals, their classification and composition,
weathering of rocks and minerals – soil formation, factors affecting soil formation, soil profile and
horizon differentiation--as well as concepts of soil as a natural resource and a medium for plant
growth and soil classification – brief studies of the U.S. soil Taxonomy, UNESCO/FAO soil map
of Africa and CF Charter’s classification of the soils of Ghana. The outline will include the soil
and the soil profile, composition of soils, factors of soil formation, physical and chemical
properties of soils, the nature and properties of mineral clays, soil water and soil air, soil survey
and classification.
GEOG 479: Environmental Ecology

This course will examine global and national concerns on the problem of environmental
degradation and pollution, from the ecological perspective. Causes of environmental degradation,
solutions for restoring ecological equilibrium and Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)
techniques will also be dealt with. Student field visits are essential. The outline includes realms of
the physical environment, their general attributes in the unpolluted states, main global and national
environmental concerns, their causes and implications, waste repeated disposal, municipal,
industrial, toxic/nuclear, protecting the earth’s physical environment, global conventions, national
environment laws, non-governmental pressure groups and the conversation versus development
debate.
GEOG 481: Climate and Society

This course critically examines the links between climatic processes and human activities. It
investigates the physical nature of Earth’s climate and its variability across space and time, and
applies this to patterns of human activities. It explores ways in which climate influences human
activities and how climate is also modified by humans both intentionally and inadvertently.
Critical assessment of future scenarios of climate and human links are also investigated. The
outline includes the climate system, climate variability and climate change, climate and
agriculture, climate risk & health, climate & urban risk management, climate risk and decision
making under uncertainties.
GEOG 483: Tropical Geomorphology

The course describes the tropical area as a morphogenetic region as well as the zonal
morphological processes and forms as modified by the tropical environment. The outline includes
the weathering processes and products, deep weathering profiles, laterite, denudational processes,
depositional processes, domed and boulder inselbergs, hillslopes and pediments, stream channels,
and bioclimatic interruptions.
GEOG 485: Hydrology

The course is designed to highlight some phenomena and conservation measures necessary for the
planning, design and operational phases of water management. The outline includes rudiments of
hydrology and hydrological measurements, intensity and frequency of precipitation at a given
point, estimating evaporation and evapo-transporation from water surfaces and oils, infiltration:
soil moisture, laws governing infiltration, groundwater, types of aquifer, inter-relationship
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between groundwater and surface water, surface runoff: elementary hydrograph, types of runoff,
depth/area/duration relationships, probable maximum precipitation and applications to water
management.
GEOG 493: Theories and Analytical Methods for Integrated Disaster Risk Reduction
(IDRR)
This course will introduce students to concepts of environmental health, disaster events, and
disaster profiling in urban Ghana. It is intended to equip students with a deeper understanding of
concepts on environmental health and disaster risk reduction, thus enhancing their ability to
appreciate and apply the appropriate methods and tools in assessing EH and DRR in urban Ghana.
The course will cover the following topics: Environment and Health Linkages, disaster incidence
and prevention, disaster preparedness and mitigation, notions and perceptions around disaster
management, the global context of IEH and DRR and an introduction to the tools and methods for
assessing urban vulnerability and climate change.
GEOG 452: Techniques of Regional Science

Students will be taken through some techniques for analyzing the structure and functions of
regions and methods of measuring phenomena of particular interest to regional development.
Other aspects of the course include regional science and its relation with Geography,
regionalization, regional spatial analysis techniques (measurement of dispersion, location quotient,
network analysis, diffusion measurement and analysis, linkage flows, etc.), regional economic
analysis (use of input/output tables, shift share analysis, regional multiplier), regional modeling,
including introduction to systems theory, operations research and optimization techniques, data
base (information system) for regional analysis and sources in Ghana.
GEOG 454: Spatial Organisation

Human society is complex and diverse, comprising different elements which are interlinked in
space. This course seeks to explore in detail the various components of these linkages through
interactions by various experts in the respective areas. The outline includes the nature and
perspective of spatial organization, the concept and factors of location (Spatial characteristics and
structure, physical/human resources and location), organization of rural space, (The theory of
agricultural location, Structure of land-use in developing countries, land-use in the interdependent
societies), spatial patterns of development (urban development trends, central place theory, the
theory of industrial location, the growth pole theory, the development of primate cities and their
effect on national and regional organization) and spatial interaction (transport systems, role of
transport in development, dynamics and population growth, migration and mobility, the nature of
spatial diffusion, the theory of diffusion).
ELECTIVES
GEOG 456: Rural Development Experiences

The course involves an analysis of the experiences of developed and developing worlds in rural
resources utilization for better rural development planning, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. The
outline includes an overview of experiences of selected development in free market countries (USA
and another country), experiences of selected developed country with a controlled economy
(USSER), experiences of selected Third World countries other than those in Africa (China, India and
Cuba), selected case studies from Africa: Gezira; Western and Eastern Nigeria Resettlement
Schemes; Ujamaa; Land Reform in Ethiopia; Mampong Valley Integrated Experiment; Damongo
Settlement Scheme, etc., History of rural development in Ghana.
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GEOG 458: Population and Development
The course provides an overview of the spatial dynamics of human populations with regard to the
environment they occupy. An analysis of the inter-relationships between population, resources,
environment and development will be addressed. The main focus is on Africa and the Developing
World in general. The population-development interrelationships will be examined against the
view that development must be for the benefit and enhancement of the quality of life of people.
Consequently, the numbers, spatial distribution and characteristics of the population at any point
in time should have an immeasurable impact on the magnitude, trend and pace of development.
The outline includes population and development inter-relationships, population and resource
utilization, population distribution and redistribution policies, population and environment,
population and contemporary social issues, population and health, including reproductive health
and HIV/AIDS, population, gender and development. population dynamics and different societal
groups, e.g., the aged, the youth, adolescents etc., population planning policies and programmes,
population estimates and projections.
GEOG 462: Transportation and the Space Economy

This course will examine transport and economic development within the regional settings of
Africa and North America with special emphasis on Ghanaian and Nigerian situations. The outline
includes the general theme of transport and economic development, the development of the
transportation system in Africa with special emphasis on Ghana and Nigeria, the development of
the transportation system in North America, a critical appraisal of a model of transport
development in under-developed countries, the problem of African land-locked states and
accessibility to the sea, transportation development and urbanization, transportation within the
urban milieu and contributions of improved transportation to overall societal development.
GEOG 464: Cities in Economic Development and Problems of Urban Management

This urban studies course focuses on city systems, rural-urban linkages, regional economic role of
cities and problems of urban management. The relevance of the themes for urban and regional
planning is underscored. The major themes are as follows:-urban hierarchy and city systems,
(Central Place Theory, Urban primacy, Rank Size Rule or Lognormal Distribution, periodic markets,
Central Place System and regional development), regional economic role of cities (Urban Sphere of
Influence, Role of Cities in Economic Development, Centre-Periphery Models, Growth Pole Theory
and Strategy), Problems of Urban Management (Urban Environment and Health, The Model of
Urban Environmental Transition, the Ecological Footprints of Cities, Gender and Environmental
Care in the African City, Principles of Urban Planning).
GEOG 466: Historical Geography of North Western Europe

The course is concerned mainly with environmental, population and socio-economic inter-
relationships within North-Western Europe through spatial and historical analysis. The outline
includes the changing environment, population dynamics of Europe, Europe and classical
development, Agriculture and land-use systems, population and settlement patterns, trade, industry
and communication systems.
GEOG 468: Agricultural Land Use Systems in the Developing World

This course will examine agricultural land use systems with special reference to their relative
sustainability, effects upon the physical environment, and efficiency in food production in the
developing world, most especially sub-Saharan Africa. The outline includes the food crisis and
underlying causes, traditional systems of agricultural land use, modern agricultural systems and
sustainable systems.
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GEOG 472: Spatio-Temporal Analysis of Health and Development
Development, entailing as it does modifications of existing circumstances, often affects sectors
other than those intended by the planner. The course focuses on aspects of the improvement of
health levels through the instrument of development. Thus the interrelationships among health,
population and socio-economic development are examined with examples drawn from both
developed and developing countries, with special emphasis on Africa. The outline includes types
of medical practices, medical demography: morbidity, mortality, health and development inter-
relationships, maternal child health and family planning, psycho-social stress and mental health, as
well as spatial analytic methods: data, statistical and mapping techniques and models.
GEOG 474: Industrialisation in the Developing World

The focus in this course will be on the process of industrialization in the developing countries of
Africa, Asia and Latin America. A comparison with the industrialization process in the advanced
countries will be made. Special emphasis is on the structure, pattern and processes of
industrialization in Africa in general and West Africa and Ghana in particular. The outline includes
industrialization in the advanced countries, a brief historical perspective, patterns/processes of
industrialization in developing countries: general treatment of opportunities and constraints, models
and strategies of industrialization in developing countries, industrialization in tropical Africa, general
characteristic: a detailed treatment of case studies of three countries outside West Africa,
industrialization in West Africa: a study of two countries, and industrialization in Ghana.
GEOG 478: Tropical Biogeography

In this course we will deal with biogeography processes and vegetation development and
distribution. The soil – vegetation system as a basis for land resource utilization and conservation
in the tropics will be examined. The outline includes the tropical forests and savannas, their
structure, diversity, productivity and distribution, tropical highland vegetation, the soil-vegetation
system and its utilization, the forest savanna gradient in West Africa, and introduction to quadrant
techniques for field survey and analysis.
GEOG 482: Tourism Development in the Third World

The purpose of this course is to introduce students to the various concepts and theories that
underlie tourism development in developing countries. The course also provides insights into
some case studies in the various geographical regions within the Third World. The outline
includes justification for tourism development in the Third World, paradigms and theories on
development that have been associated with Third World tourism development – diffusionist,
dependency, formal and informal sectors, the Butler’s cycle on sustainable development of
tourism resources, Ghana’s tourism resources – spatial distribution, planning and development,
case studies on planning and development of tourism resources in other Third World countries,
i.e., Tunisia and Bali (Indonesia), the role of governments and national tourism organizations
(NTOs).
GEOG 484: Climatic Change: Arid and Semi Arid Lands

Climatic change is one of the most important challenges of the twenty-first century. This course is
offered at a time when key facts about climate change itself are on firm grounds. Warming is
unequivocal. There is very high confidence that the bulk of this warming is caused by human
action. The arid and semi-arid lands are some of the most vulnerable regions to climatic change.
Using examples from the arid and semi-arid lands, this course will examine physical phenomena
observed in the Earth’s climate, providing sufficient scientific and technical background to enable
students to critically examine arguments being discussed by policy makers and the public at large.
The course will include the following topics: overview of global warming, climate as a factor in
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human history, greenhouse effect and radiative forcing, climate projection, vulnerability and
resilience, adaptation in arid and semi-arid lands.
GEOG 486: Applied Geomorphology

The course will treat areas such as a definition of applied geomorphology, drainage basin
morphometry, the calculation of stream frequency, circuity ratio, elongation ratio, basin relief,
ruggedness number, bifurcation ratio, drainage density, graded river, environment and
development, dynamics of beach erosion and deposition, wetland management, deep weathering
and development issues in hot, humid areas: fadama cultivation in savanna, sahel and desert areas.
Atterberg limits and the behaviour of clay minerals, particle shape and its application to coastal
engineering and field studies.
GEOG 488: Soil Survey

Knowledge of soil survey is relevant to agricultural development. The course therefore focuses on
methods of examining, describing and mapping different types of soils. The purpose is to enable
the student have basic knowledge and understanding of the characteristics, distribution and
agronomic values of various soils. The course covers major types of soil survey methods in
Ghana. The outline includes soil survey and types of soil survey, preparation for field work, field
work (methods), plotting and assembling of field data, examination and determination of soils in
the field, Identification and nomenclature of soil horizons, Soil texture, soil colour, soil
consistency, soil reaction organic matter, etc.
GEOG 492: Environmental Hydrology

The study focuses on the impact of hydrological processes on the environment: flooding, erosion
and sediments, urban drainage, salt water intrusion, drought and drought management and
Environmental aspects of water resource projects
GEOG 494: Geopolitics of Africa

The course aims to provide an understanding of the changing political geography of Africa, explain
the contemporary geopolitical scene with regard to intra-state and inter-state relations and explore the
geographical influences on Africa's external relations: pre-colonial polities and state formation in
Africa; colonialism and partition; interaction between the geographical environments and political
processes and their consequences for the formation, functioning and inter-relations of states in
Africa; colonization and de-colonization, regional co-operation and African unity, Africa's
geopolitical relations; colonial policies and development; patterns of decolonization; nature of
African boundaries and related problems; nationalism and Pan-Africanism; national integration -
centripetal and centrifugal forces; causes of territorial and boundary disputes; settlement of territorial
and boundary disputes; regional cooperation and African unity; Africa and globalization.
GEOG 496: Policies and Strategies for Integrated Environmental Health (IEH) and
Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) in Urban Areas
This course builds on the first semester course (GEOG 443) by expanding the discussions on
concepts and methods to include relevant legislation, policies and strategic programmes for IEH
and DRR in low income communities in urban Ghana. It will involve field visits to specific
communities as a way of testing the models used during class discussions. The course will cover
the following topics: global and local contexts of IEH and DRR, institutional framework for IEH
and DRR in Ghana, field application of methods and tools for assessing IEH and DRR,
vulnerability assessment in urban communities, climate change modeling and strategies for
building resilient communities.
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DEPARTMENT OF POLITICAL SCIENCE
The Department of Political Science was established in the 1961/1962 academic year with only
three Ghanaians among a total teaching staff of seven. Until then, during the period of the
University of Ghana’s affiliation to London University, a course in Government was taught in
other departments. The numerical strength of Ghanaians increased over time as young graduates of
the University College of Ghana who travelled for further training abroad started joining the
academic staff of the new department. Within a few years of the establishment of the Department,
Political Science grew to be one of the most popular disciplines in the University of Ghana. The
problem of student numbers, which to this day, continues to plague the Department, has been in
existence since the1963/1964 academic year. Unlike in the past there has been a corresponding
growth in the academic staff both at the level of lecturers and teaching assistants.
At the undergraduate level the Department offers a 4-year BA Political Science programme. The
Department is accordingly able to offer a wide range of courses in Development Studies,
Comparative Politics, Public Administration, Public Policy, International Relations/Politics,
Political Theory, Research Methods, and Politics and Development in Africa/Ghana. The degree
in Political Science enables students to function in several areas of the Ghanaian economy and
globally. Generally, the degree prepares students for public sector management/public
administration, diplomatic service, nonprofit work, law school, private sector work, and among
others.
PROGRAMMME STRUCTURE
LEVEL 100
First Semester
*UGRC 110 Academic Writing 1 3
*UGRC 141-146 Science and Technology in our Lives 3
POLI 111 Introduction to the Study of Political Science 3
Other Subjects 2 courses from 2 other assigned Departments 6
Second Semester
POLI 112 Political Institutions 3
Other Subjects 2 courses from 2 other assigned Departments 6
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LEVEL 200
First Semester
POLI 211 Introduction to Development Studies 3
POLI 213 Introduction to Public Administration 3
Other Subjects 2 Courses from the other assigned Department 6
Second Semester
POLI 212 Introduction to International Politics 3
POLI 214 Introduction to Comparative Politics 3
OTHER SUBJECTS 2 Courses from the other assigned Department 6
LEVEL 300
MAJORING – Both core courses, POLI 341 and POLI 343, for first semester, and POLI 342
and POLI 344 for second semester. Students will also take at least two electives to satisfy the
minimum requirement for majoring students each semester.
COMBINING – Two core courses and one elective for each semester. Students offering
Research Methods or its equivalent in Economics, Psychology, Sociology and Information
Studies can substitute a prescribed elective for the research methods course.
MINORING – At least one core course and one elective per semester. Minoring students could
also take two core courses and one elective or one core course and two electives.
First Semester

POLI 341 Ancient and Medieval Political Thought 3
POLI 343 Introduction to Political Research 3
PRESCRIBED ELECTIVES
POLI 345: International Organizations 3
POLI 347: Int’l Conflict, Conflict Resolution and Human Rights 3
POLI 349: Ghana: From Colonialism to Independence 3
POLI 351: Africa: Political Economy of Colonialism 3
POLI 357: Organization Theory 3
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POLI 359: Public Policy Making 3
POLI 363: Terrorism and Global Security 3
OTHER Any ONE course from the other assigned subject/ 3
SUBJECT Department
Second Semester
POLI 342 Modern Western Political Thought 3
POLI 344 Methods of Political Research 3
POLI 346 Africa and the Global System 3
POLI 352: Issues in Comparative Politics 3

POLI 356: Strategies of Development in Africa 3
POLI 358: Conflict and Society in Africa 3
POLI 362: Development Administration 3
POLI 364: Public Policy Process in Ghana 3
OTHER SUBJECT Any ONE course from the other assigned subject/ 3
Department
LEVEL 400
MAJORING – Both core courses and at least four elective courses for each semester.
Long Essay students – Two core courses and at least three elective courses.
COMBINING – Two core courses and one elective for each semester.
First Semester
POLI 441 Political Economy of Africa’s Development since 3
Independence
POLI 443 Applied Political Research 3
Prescribed electives
POLI 445 Politics of International Economic Relations 3
POLI 447 Foreign Policy Analysis 3
POLI 449 Politics in Developing Countries - West Africa 3
POLI 453 Gender and Politics 3
POLI 455 Post-Conflict Peace-Building and Transitional Justice 3
POLI 457 Human Resource Development and Management 3
POLI 459 Decentralization and Local Govt. Administration 3
POLI 461 U.S. Policy Towards Africa 3
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Second Semester
POLI 442 Social and Political Theory 3
POLI 444 Electoral Politics and Democracy in Ghana 3
Prescribed electives
POLI 446: Ghana’s Foreign Policy 3
POLI 448 Issues in Africa’s International Relations 3
POLI 452: Political and Economic Reform & Democracy in Africa 3
POLI 454: Civil-Military Politics in Ghana since Independence 3
POLI 458: Politics of Identity in Ghana 3
POLI 464: Politics and the Bureaucracy in Africa 3
Free electives 3
POLI 468 Human Rights in Africa 3
POLI 472 Public Finance Administration 3
COURSE DESCRIPTIONS
LEVEL 100 COURSES

POLI 111: Introduction to the study of Political Science
Definition(s) of Political Science; nature, scope. key approaches to the study of Political
Science; outline of the various branches of Political Science and some basic political processes -
including rule making, policy making, rule application and rule adjudication, interest
articulation and aggregation, political recruitment etc.
POLI 112: Political Institutions

This is a study of African traditional political institutions and modern political institutions
including the executive, legislature, judiciary, bureaucracy, forms of representation and electoral
process, pressure groups and political parties etc.
LEVEL 200 COURSES
POLI 211: Introduction to Development Studies

This course provides an introduction to the basic ideas, concepts, principles and theories of
development studies.
POLI 213: Introduction to Public Administration

This course is an introduction to the basic ideas, concepts, principles and theories of public
administration, decentralization, co-production, role of state in national investment etc.
POLI 212: Introduction to International Politics

The course examines the nature, scope and meaning of international politics; theory and its
relevance to international politics, the traditional-scientific debate; the concept of national
interest actors in international politics- state, governmental, non-governmental, etc, determinants
of foreign policy, power in international politics; the Cold War and its aftermath.
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POLI 214: Introduction to Comparative Politics
The course deals with basic elements and methods of comparing politics among nations with
case studies. There will be an introduction to key theories: functionalism, modernization,
behaviouralism approach, dependency, etc.
LEVEL 300 COURSES

CORE:
POLI 341: Ancient and Medieval Political Thought

This is a study of Plato, Aristotle, Cicero, Augustine, Aquinas and Machiavelli.
POLI 343: Introduction to Political Research

The course will introduce students to aims and objectives social research; different approaches to
research-e.g. empirical research – and their characteristics; problems of verification, objectivity
generalization, explanation (theory building) and prediction; normative and non- normative
knowledge, and computing methods-developing computer-based skills.
PRESCRIBED ELECTIVES:
i) International Politics:
POLI 345: International Organizations
Topics to be treated in this course include the aims, objectives and problems of the League of
Nations, the aims, objectives, problems and future roles of the United Nations and its agencies, the
OAU/African Union, ECOWAS and European Union.
POLI 347: International Conflict, Conflict Resolution and Human Rights

The course will deal with the nature, sources and types of international conflict, conflict behaviour
among states, mechanisms for conflict resolution (e.g. negotiations, mediation, arbitration), peace
and justice and institutions like International Court of Justice, International Criminal Court etc.).
ii) Comparative Politics:
POLI 349: Ghana from Colonialism to Independence

The course will focus on analyses of colonial policies and their impact – social, economic and
political; the anti-colonial struggle.
POLI 351: Africa: Political Economy of Colonialism

The course will be on the forces that shaped the colonization of Africa; colonialism and its social,
economic and political impact on Africa; liberation movements, struggles for independence.
iii) Development Studies
POLI 353: Theories of Development and Underdevelopment

The course will provide a review of some of the main works on the theories of development and
underdevelopment –classical, liberal and Marxist theories; Rostow, Frank, Amin, Wallerstein.
POLI 355: Identities and Conflicts in Africa

This course will explore theories of identity, identity crisis and governance and their impact on the
state, constitutions, development – civil wars, ethnic and religious strives, minority conflicts –
with case studies.
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iv) Public Administration
POLI 357: Organization Theory

The focus of the course will be the structure and functioning of organizations and the behaviour of
groups and individuals within them. Theories of organisation, e.g. structural, group/behavioural,
individual, decision making and policy analysis as well as the socio-technical system will be exa
mined.
POLI 359: Public Policy Makings

Models of public policy making and implementation; policy environment; policy networks and
communities; conditions to effective public policy making will be the focus.
ELECTIVES
POLI 361: Governance and Leadership

The course will look at the concept of governance, leadership, theories, forms of leadership –
traditional, corporate, political etc; relationships between governance and leadership; the role of
governance and leadership in promoting development; barriers to good governance and effective
leadership.
POLI 363: Terrorism and Global Security

This course will cover traditional theories of global security; changing patterns of security;
emergence of terrorist networks – origins, nature, methods/processes and impact on global
security.
POLI 365: Environmental Politics

This is a study of changing patterns of resource extraction and their impact of environmental
sustainability; international conventions, community rights and environmental movements;
conflicts and livelihoods.
POLI 367: Introduction to American Politics

This course will explore the workings of the federal system of government in theory, practice and
structure.
Semester 2
CORE:
POLI 362: Modern Western Political Thought

This is a study of selected European thinkers Bodin, Montesquieu and James Madison on the rise
of modern state, and the separation of powers and grounds of political obligation and civil
disobedience by Hobbes, Locke, Rousseau etc.
POLI 364: Methods of Political Research

The course will introduce students to inductive and deductive methods; research design-
experimental, Non-experimental (e.g. case study) design etc: formulating a research question or
problem, and explaining or defining the problem – independent and dependent variables, etc;
conceptual definition and operationalisation; units of analysis; formulating hypotheses, types of
hypotheses. Methods of Survey Research. Computing methods- developing computer-based skills.
Problems of measurement – reliability, validity; levels of measurement- nominal, ordinal, interval
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and ratio will be dealt with.
PRESCRIBED ELECTIVES:
i) International Politics:
POLI 346: Africa in the Global System

This course is about the history and dynamics of world economy and global power configurations;
impact on Africa and Africa’s responses.
POLI 348: Regional Integration

This will be an explanation of Changing patterns and structure of integration globally; analyses
and assessment of the African experience.
ii) Comparative Politics
POLI 352: Issues in Comparative Politics

Current and pertinent issues in the study of comparative politics will be considered.
POLI 354: State-Society Relations in Ghana since Independence

The changing relations between the state and society; the underlying factors (including civil
society, military coups); implications for democracy and human security will be explored.
iii) Development Studies Strategies of Development in Africa
POLI 356:
The course will involve discussion of main approaches to development including the neo-liberal,
import substitution industrialization, export-led industrialization, state-led industrialization, basic
needs approach, ERP/SAPs, HIPC, African-based strategies from the Lagos Plan to NEPAD.
POLI 358: Conflict and Society in Africa

The course focuses on the Structure and effects of conflicts; refugees, internally displaced persons
(IDPs), and other vulnerable groups –women, children, the disabled, the aged, etc.
POLI 362: Development Administration

The nature and scope of development and development administration; administrative reform and
innovation etc will be on focus.
POLI 364: Public Policy Process in Ghana

This course is a study of the processes of public policy making as a complex interplay of social
interests and factors, lobbying; advocacy, coalition building.
ELECTIVES:
POLI 366: Politics and Civil Society in Ghana

The idea and emergence of civil society; theories of civil society; civil society and protection of
human rights and democratic values.
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POLI 368: Politics in Developing Countries – East and Southern Africa
The course will examine the institutional, economic and social determinants of politics (both
internal and external) using two countries politics from the region as case study.
POLI 372: Political Thought in the Black Diaspora

This course focuses on anti-colonial thinking among African-Americans on Cultural Nationalism,
Pan Africanism and Socialism.
POLI 374: Politics of Industrial Relations in Ghana

This is a survey of the context and dynamics State-Labour relations since 1950s.
YEAR 4
LEVEL 400 COURSES
Semester 1
CORE:
POLI 441: Political Economy of Africa’s Development since Independence

This course deals with analyses of domestic and global forces influencing Africa’s development;
changing global power structure and development strategies and trends in Africa.
POLI 443: Applied Political Research

The following areas will be covered in this course: Research topic, problematizing research,
literature review- reasons and scope: data collection: sampling types, probability and non-
probability samples; direct (e.g. field study) and indirect observation: document analysis;
univariate data analysis and descriptive statistics: measuring relationships and testing hypotheses:
bivariate data analysis; searching for explanations and causal knowledge: multivariate data
analysis; research report writing, citation style and plagiarism: references.
PRESCRIBED ELECTIVE
i) International Politics
POLI 445: Politics of International Economic Relations

This course will explore the relations between international politics and international relations;
perspectives on international political/economic relations; the post-war economic order and its
impact on African countries; globalization and the developing world.
POLI 447: Foreign Policy Analysis

This is a study of issues, principles, and factors that influence foreign policy decisions; and also
the various stages, procedures and mechanisms involved.

POLI 449: Politics in Developing Countries – Western Africa
This course is designed as a study of the institutional, economic and social bases of politics (both
internal and external) of the region using 2 countries as examples.
POLI 451: Markets, Politics and Society in Ghana

This course will be a study of the interface between market reforms, politics and society, in
particular the changing constitution of the state and effects on human rights; changing social
relations, notions of rights and responsibilities.
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POLI 453: Gender and Politics

This course will include topics such as theories of gender relations; sexual hierarchy and sexual
division of labour, domination and subordination in private and public domains; gender an the
problem of access, acquisition, distribution and control of assets/values; women in political
(colonial and postcolonial) economic and social development; conflict and post conflict peace-
building and.social reconstruction .
POLI 455: Post- Conflict Peace-Building and Transitional Justice

The course focuses on issues of post-conflict reconstruction and security - arms proliferation, drug
trafficking, mercenaries as well as institutions of transitional justice - International Criminal
Court, Truth Commissions, Special courts and tribunals.
POLI 457: Human Resource Development and Management

Students will be exposed to the nature and scope of human resource management (HRM); the
context of HRM; the politics of labour laws; trade unions and industrial relations; employee
resourcing and careers; motivating employees, financial rewards and performance management;
institutional development and managing change. Emphasis will be placed on the public sector.
POLI 459: Decentralization and Local Governance

The course deals with the structure, nature and patterns of local politics; local governance and
administration - structure, practice and problems.
ELECTIVES
POLI 400: Independent Study

research-based study on a topic approved by the Department on the basis of which they will write
POLI 461: U.S. Policy towards Africa

This is an overview and analysis of US policy towards Africa and the factors that shape them.
POLI 463: Modern African Thinkers

The course will be a survey of African Political Thought regarding Pan-Africanism, Negritude,
Nationalism, Socialism and Development as expounded by Senghor, Nkrumah, Toure, Nyerere,
Cabral, Kaunda, Awolowo, Azikiwe, Fanon, et
* POLI 465: Policy Monitoring and Evaluation

The course will examine the concepts of monitoring and evaluation; types of monitoring and
evaluation; the role of evaluators; criteria and techniques for policy monitoring and evaluation and
case studies.
POLI 467: The Military and Politics in Ghana

The course explores factors determining military intervention in politics and disengagement;
social economic and political consequences of military regimes.
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Semester 2
CORE:
POLI 442: Social and Political Theory
This course will focus on the nature and task of political theory; its relation to other social science
disciplines as well as Normative and empirical political theory.
POLI 444: Electoral Politics and Democracy in Ghana

The course is a study of the factors shaping electoral politics – social, structural, political factors;
changing patterns of electoral politics; meaning of elections and democracy; the interplay between
the dynamics of elections and democracy etc.
i) International Politics
POLI 446: Ghana’s Foreign Policy

Factors underlying the foreign policy options of various governments since 1957 will be
examined.
POLI 448: Issues in Africa’s International Relations

This course is a study of current trends and forces that shape Africa’s relations in the global
system, e.g., Globalisation, NEPAD, Human Security, Debt, HIV/AIDS, Environment, Arms
proliferation, WTO etc.
POLI 452: Political and Economic Reform and Democracy in Africa

The course deals with topics such as the politics of reform and the transition to democracy –
internal and external influences; nature of democracy, forms of existing democracy; factors
shaping democratic practices and problems and challenges.
POLI 454: Civil-Military Relations in Africa

The course will explore Theories of civil- military relations; patterns of civil military relations in
African countries under colonial rule, and in post colonial African countries – a comparative
analysis of formal mechanisms and institutions of civil control of the armed forces; changing
patterns and models, the internal/ domestic (including history and politics) and internal
forces/factors of change; changing legal and political mechanisms, institutions and frameworks;
implications for political stability and political change, human rights and security and social
development.
POLI 456: NGOs and Development in Africa

The course will examined the crisis of the state and development in Africa, emergence of NGOs –
the international and national dimensions/factors, the role of NGOs and the state in grassroots and
national development
POLI 458: Politics of Identity in Ghana

The course will deal with ethnic, regional, religious and other factors shaping forms of political
action and alignments and forms of state response.
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POLI 462: Public Sector Reforms and Social Development

The course will focus on analyses of the role the public sector in social development; costs and
benefits; changing structure of, and perspectives on, the public sector; its political dynamics and
impact on social development.
POLI 464: Politics and the Bureaucracy in Africa

The course will deal with the State, clientelism, prebendalism, corruption and their impact on
bureaucracy, appointment and training etc.
ELECTIVES
POLI 466: Politics of Constitution-Making in Ghana

The course examines the purpose and functions of constitutions; historical, political and economic
factors and social forces that shape constitutions; the process of constitution-making, its dynamics,
the issues and contexts; models of constitution-making processes and a comparative analysis of
models
POLI 468: Human Rights in Africa

The course will look at Theories of human rights, human rights instruments, institutions and
practices; global response to human rights issues, migration.
POLI 472: Public Finance Administration

The course will deal with Public finance policy; welfare criteria and market failure; public and
private goods; collective decision making and the search for the public interest; public expenditure
growth; the basic concepts in taxation and problems of tax collection and management; the public
debt; the budget process and role of institutions in ensuring fiscal discipline and accountability and
fiscal decentralization.
POLI 474: Politics in Developing Countries – Northern Africa

The course is a study of the institutional, economic and social bases of politics (both internal and
external) of the region using 2 countries as examples.
POLI 476: Politics of the Industrialized Countries – Europe/North America

This is a study of the institutional, economic and social politics on the region using 2 countries as
examples.
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DEPARTMENT OF PSYCHOLOGY
The Department of Psychology was established in 1967 under the Faculty of Social Studies. It has
trained and continues to train hundreds of young men and women at both undergraduate
andpostgraduate level and provides services to other departments such as Social Work, Medicine,
Public Health and Pharmacy. It is one of the largest Departments in the University in terms
ofstudent numbers, with over three thousand, five hundred (3,500) students even though it is
housedin a very small temporary structure. Despite these constraints, the Department continues to
worktowards its long term mission and is becoming a centre of excellence. Three attractive
programs namely, Clinical, Industrial and Organizational and Social Psychology are presently
offered at the postgraduate level. The department currently has two professors, one
associateprofessor, six senior lecturers and eight lecturers on its teaching staff.
PROGRAMME STRUCTURE
LEVEL 100
First Semester
PSYC 101 Elements of Psychology 3
Second Semester
PSYC 102 Psychology for Everyday Living 3
LEVEL 200
First Semester
PSYC 211 Introduction to General Psychology 3
PSYC 223 Biological Psychology 3
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Second Semester
*UGRC 220-238 Introduction to African Studies
PSYC 222 Motivation and Emotion 3
PSYC 224 Introduction of Experimental Psychology 3
*Note: Students to choose UGRC 210 or UGRC220-238 (3 credits).
LEVEL 300 COURSES

A Psychology Major student: Take 3 Core courses and at least 1 elective course in the first
semester and 2 Core courses and ANY 2 Elective courses in the second semester.
A Combined Psychology student is required to take at least 1 Core course and at least 1 Elective
course in the first semester (including PSYC 331) and at 2 Core courses and at least 1 elective
course in the second semester.
A Minor Psychology student is required to take any two electives courses, one for each semester.
Level 300 Majors
First Semester
COURSE CODE Core Courses (9 credits) CREDIT
PSYC 331 Statistics for Psychologists 3
PSYC 333* Psychology of Personality 3
PSYC 335** Developmental Psychology I 3
PSYC 337 Learning 3
OTHER SUBJECT Any ONE Course from the other assigned 3
Department
*Prerequisite for PSYC 338
**Prerequisite for PSYC 336
Second Semester
COURSE CODE Core Courses (6 credits) CREDIT
PSYC 332* Cognitive Psychology I 3
PSYC 334 Research Methods in Psychology 3
Any Two elective Course (3 credits)
PSYC 336 Developmental Psychology II 3
PSYC 338** Abnormal Behaviour 3
PSYC 342 Psychological Tests and Measurement 3
OTHER SUBJECT Any ONE Course from the other assigned 3
Department
*Prerequisite for PSYC 441
**Prerequisite for PSYC 445
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Level 400 courses
A Psychology Major student is required to take 4 Core courses (9 credits) and at least two
electives in the first semester.
Research Project (PSYC 490) is a Core for major students, which covers two semester work. In
addition to the long essay, one core and at least two electives must be taken in the second
semester.
A Combined Psychology student should take a total of 3 core courses in the year and at least two
electives (15 credits).
First Semester
COURSE CODE Core Courses CREDIT
PSYC 441 Cognitive Psychology II 3
PSYC 443 Social Psychology 3
PSYC 449 Practicals in Cognition II 2
PSYC 491 Research Seminar 1
Elective Courses
PSYC 445 Clinical Psychology 3
PSYC 447 Education Psychology 3
PSYC 451 Guidance and Counselling 3
PSYC 453 Psychology of Religion 3
PSYC 455 Introduction to Neuropsychology 3
PSYC 457 Industrial Psychology 3
PSYC 459 Military Psychology 3
PSYC 461 Atypical Behaviour 3
PSYC 463 Health Psychology 3
Second Semester
COURSE CODE Core Courses CREDIT
PSYC 490 Research Project 6
PSYC 444 Psychology and National Development 3
Elective Courses
PSYC 446 Comparative Psychology 3
PSYC 448 Community Psychology 3
PSYC 452 Environmental Psychology 3
PSYC 454 Applied Social Psychology 3
PSYC 456 Organizational Psychology 3
PSYC 458 Sports Psychology 3
PSYC 464 Psycholinguistics 3
PSYC 462 Political Psychology 3
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COURSE DESCRIPTIONS
PSYC 101: Elements of Psychology

This course is designed to introduce students to the history, basic theories, research methods and
principles of Psychology. It is aimed at laying the foundation for higher level courses in
Psychology. At the end of the course, it is expected that students will have basic knowledge
ofsome psychological theories and principles underlying behaviour and also be in the position
torelate what they have learnt to issues of everyday life.
PSYC 102: Psychology for Everyday Living

This course deals primarily with issues of everyday life. It employs psychological principles,
theories and research findings in an attempt to explain and understand matters of everyday life.
Itsmain objective is to demonstrate the relevance and applicability of psychology in the daily life
ofthe individual and thus draw links between what students learn in the lecture halls and what they
experience in real life. Specific topics to be covered include motivation and goal setting,
community and diversity, assertiveness and leadership, problem solving and creativity.
LEVEL 200 COURSES
First Semester
PSYC : Introduction to General Psychology

This course is designed to introduce students to Psychology as a discipline and a profession.
Theemphasis is on the history of psychology, the different orientations available in the field and
thebasics of research in psychology. The course will also look at two interesting areas in
psychology namely, intelligence and social behaviour. By the end of this course, students should
know whatpsychology is, why it is important for them to study psychology and be adequately
prepared forbuilding up on their knowledge in higher levels of their study in psychology.
PSYC 223: Biological Psychology

This course examines the neurobiological bases of behaviour. The course will cover the nature
ofneurons and neuronal communication, the translation of the external world into
internalperceptions (vision, hearing, touch, etc.) and the role of the nervous system in the
cognition skillsof thinking, learning, memory, and language.
Second Semester
PSYC 222: Motivation and Emotion

This course is intended to introduce students to motivational causes of behaviour and the
emotionsexperienced. Understanding motivation and emotion is fundamental to understanding
humanbehaviour. Emphasis will be placed on the theories, sources and types of motivation and
emotion.At the end of the course, students should be able to understand motivational causes of
behaviourand the expression of emotions.
PSYC 224: Introduction to Experimental Psychology

This course is designed to introduce students to the general principles of experimental
researchmethod. Emphasis will be placed on design, control of extraneous variables and ethics
governingpsychological research. At the end of the course, it is expected that students will be able
to designsimple experiment, identify flaws in basic design and control for extraneous variables.
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LEVEL 300
First Semester
PSYC 331: Statistics for Psychologists

This course deals with statistics and the behavioural sciences. It delves into descriptive and
inferential statistics, populations, samples, parameters, etc. furthermore, the concept of
variability,strategy of inferential statistics, the normal curve and inferences about the means of
twopopulations will also be discussed. One way analysis of variance, two way analysis of
variance,parametric and non-parametric methods, chi square, Kruskal–Wallis H test, the Wilcoxon
test andthe rank-sum test will also be taught.
PSYC 333: Psychology of Personality

The course emphasizes the major personality theories, research and measurements of personality.
It will explore the foundations of normally functioning individuals as well as problems. The topics
will include definitions, psychodynamic, traits, cognitive, phenomenological/existential theories
associated with personality development. The effect of folk stories, “KwekuAnanse” stories
onpersonality development will be examined.
PSYC 335: Developmental Psychology I

This course is concerned with understanding and explaining the changes that occur between
conception and adolescence. Emphasis is placed on the major changes that occur in the physical,
cognitive and the psychosocial domains and their implications for parents, educators, and
helpingprofessionals.
*PSYC 337: Learning

This course basically deals with the psychology of learning and its application to everyday
lifesituations. It covers the various types of learning (e.g. Pavlovian, Instrumental, observational
andverbal learning). Specific topics that are taught include: reasons for using animals in research
inlearning, elements/features of classical and instrumental conditioning, use of reinforcement
andpunishment, learning principles and behaviour change. Others are cognitive learning,
observational learning and various types of verbal learning. At the end of the course,
studentsshould be able to apply learning principles to their own life situations as well as that of
othersaround them.
*The course has a compulsory practical component.
Second Semester
*PSYC 332: Cognitive Psychology I

This course is to provide a survey of selected problem areas in cognitive psychology with
emphasison memory. Both experimental work and theoretical accounts of memory will be
covered. Topicsinclude structural and processing accounts of memory – how people acquire, store,
transform, retrieve and communicate information.
*The course has a compulsory practical component.
PSYC 334: Research Methods in Psychology

The course is intended to provide the student with basic skills needed to conduct
psychologicalresearch, develop critical thinking skills regarding research and gain the capacity to
design andconduct research as well as writing research reports. Topics include an overview of the
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scientificapproach to knowledge, definitions of basic concepts, types of scientific research, design,
sampling, questionnaire construction, interviews and report writing.
PSYC 338: Abnormal Psychology

This course is designed to introduce students to the psychology of abnormal behaviour. It explores
the history, definitions and current status of abnormal behaviour. The topics include the
fiveparadigms or theoretical models of psychodynamic trait, phenomenological, cognitive
andbehavioural approached to abnormal behaviour. It will examine research, abnormal patterns
offunctioning and methods of treatment.
PSYC 336: Developmental Psychology II

This course examines basic themes in life-span development: the concept of adulthood,
physicaldevelopment including changes in sense organs, cardiovascular organs, sex, reproductive
organsand their psychological consequences. Others are health, vitality and diseases, the process
ofageing, cognitive and psychosocial development during adulthood, retirement and widowhood,
culture and aging.
PSYC 342: Psychological Tests and Measurements

This course of study is designed to expose students to the basic conceptual, theoretical, technical
andmethodological principles in the development, administration and interpretation of
psychologicalmeasurements. It is essential that students who intend to offer this course have good
background inBasic Statistics and/or Statistics for psychologist.
LEVEL 400
First Semester
PSYC 490: Research Project

This course is research based and runs through the first semester to the second semester.
Studentsare expected to select a topic of their own, conduct an empirical study on it, write a
research reportand submit to the Department.
PSYC 441: Cognitive Psychology II

The course builds up on Cognitive Psychology I and aims to acquaint the student with
importanttheoretical principles and findings in cognitive psychology along with the methods by
which thisknowledge is acquired. Some of the areas of interest are sensation and perception,
attention, visualimagery, thinking and reasoning, decision-making, problem solving, language and
comprehension, individual and gender differences in cognition etc. Application of cognitive
psychology to real-worldsettings and implications will be emphasised.
PSYC 443: Social Psychology

This course focuses on the study of the social dimensions of human behaviour. Unlike other
domains of psychology that focus mainly on the individual as the unit of analysis, social
psychology examines behaviour in its social context. Students will be introduced to the main
theories, research methods and major research findings in social psychology. Emphasis will alsobe
placed on key concepts such as attribution, cognition, attitudes, social influence and manymore. At
the end of this course, students should be able to demonstrate an understanding of thebasic
principles of social influences on behaviour.
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PSYC 449: Practicals in Cognition II
This course is the practical component of PSYC 401, and is compulsory for all students
offeringPSYC 401. Students are expected to participate in experiments based on the theories
learned inPSYC 401 after which they submit a research report.
PSYC 445: Clinical Psychology

This is an introductory course designed for level 400 students. The course focuses on a
thoroughsurvey of the field, which does not go into all the details typically found in “graduate
study only”.The topics explore the history of clinical psychology, including Ghanaian
development of thefield, its scope, functions and future perspective. The course also covers the
latest developments inclinical research and techniques in health psychology, behaviour medicine,
psychopathology and mental health.
PSYC 447: Educational Psychology

This course is designed to give insight into the problems of teaching and learning and to
developthe necessary professional skills and competencies for prospective educationist/teachers to
enablethem effectively understand, predict and control the behaviour of learners in the
educationalprocess. To this end, the course should more importantly be perceived as an area of
appliedpsychology rather than a unique subject matter.
PSYC 451: Guidance and Counselling

This course is designed to provide an insight into guidance and counseling. Specific topics to
becovered include the historical development of guidance and counseling, the counseling process,
techniques of counseling, the therapeutic relationship, theory and practice of counseling,
specialproblems in counseling and ethical issues in counseling.
PSYC 453: Psychology of Religion

Psychology of religion deals with the application of psychological principles, theories and
methods of research in studying religious behaviour, religious cognition, religious motivation, the
role of religion in human life. The course draws on the contributions of other fields of
psychologyand focuses on the attitudes, values and experiences of people and their relationship
with thesupernatural. Topics to be covered include the emergence of psychology of religion,
approaches tothe study of psychology of religion, religious experience, religion and morality, and
religion, coping and adjustment and functions of religion in adult life.
PSYC 455: Introduction to Neuropsychology

This is a course that will introduce students to a general overview of the anatomy of the brain
(both cortical and subcortical). The course is also designed to help students understand the
functions of the structures of the brain with respect to human behaviour and diseases that are
brain-related. The course will be in two parts. The first part is an overview of selected brain
functions (e.g. perception, language, memory, attention, sensory/motor control, executive
functions) in both normal functioning and brain damage syndromes. The second part of the
coursewill review clinical assessment and rehabilitation issues.
PSYC 457: Industrial Psychology

This course is made up of Personnel Psychology and Engineering Psychology. It deals with how
psychological principles, theories, concepts and methods are applied to shape individuals
foreffective job Performance and to also design work, work environments, tools, machines
andequipment to match human abilities and limitations. Some of the areas covered in this course
are: Job Analysis, Personnel Selection, Training and Development human resource, Job
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evaluation, Job Design work schedules, Human Factors Engineering characteristics of the work
environment,Employee Health, Safety and Accidents at the workplace.
PSYC 459: Military Psychology

This course deals with selected topical issues in the military. These include leadership and
groupdynamics (unit identity, unit cohesion, morale and heroism), stress and combat performance,
combat stress behaviours, combat misconduct stress behaviours, battle fatigue and post-
traumaticstress disorders.
PSYC 461: Atypical Development

This course deals with children’s abnormalities in the general context of human development.
Topics to be covered include mental retardation, social isolation syndromes, infantile autism,
minimal brain dysfunction, childhood and adolescent schizophrenia, school phobia truancy,
learning disabilities, academic underachievement and delinquent behaviour.
PSYC 463: Health Psychology

Health psychology focuses on the role played by psychological factors in the cause,
developmentand consequences of health and illnesses. The objectives of this course are to expose
students tosome of the major theoretical and intervention issues in health/illness behaviours. The
course willbe based on a national health perspective, with the main emphasis on behavioural risk
factorswhich constitute the main health problems in Ghana. Topics to be covered include stress
and coping, HIV/AIDS, lifestyle diseases in Ghana and disease prevention and health promotion
.
PSYC 491: Research Seminar
This course is for students who are offering PSYC 410 (Research Project). They are expected
toverbally present their research proposals prior to going to the field for data gathering.
Second Semester
PSYC 446: Comparative Psychology

Comparative psychologists study differences and similarities in the behaviour of animals of
different species. The discipline pays particular attention to the psychological nature of humans in
comparison with other animals. At the heart of this perspective is the notion that human beings,
like other animals, have an evolutionary history that predisposes them to behave in ways that
areuniquely adaptive for survival and reproduction. One of the aims of comparative psychology is
touse insights gained from the study of psychological processes in different species of animals
toadd to our understanding of human psychology. Any way of achieving this aim must depend,
tosome extent, on understanding the evolutionary relationship between animals and man.
PSYC 448: Community Psychology

This course is designed to help students develop a conceptual and pragmatic understanding of
various issues and topics in community psychology. It introduces students specifically to
theprinciples/philosophies of community psychology, community research and program
evaluation, types and models of prevention, stress, coping and social support, psychological sense
ofcommunity and reasons and strategies for social change. At the end of the course, students
should be empowered to apply the principles/models of community psychology to
social/communityproblems and to provide appropriate interventions.
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PSYC 452: Environmental Psychology
This course aims at exploring the relationship between psychology and the environment with
particular emphasis on how the latter influences human behaviour. The course, which is a
seminartype, will take a critical look at the natural, the built as well as the psychological
environment andhow they influence behaviour. The course is thus aimed at creating awareness
among students onthe effects (with particular attention on the adverse one) the environment has
over the quality oflife and how to reduce and/or manage them. At the end of the course, it is
expected that studentsshould be able to identify environmental hazards and critically assess the
effects of these hazardsand how to control or manage them.
PSYC 444: Psychology and National Development

This course is designed to help students understand how psychology can be applied in various
areas of national endeavours. The course will treat topics such as introduction to Psychology
andNational Development, Economic Psychology, Psychology and Health, Psychology and
Entrepreneurship, Attitude and Attitude change, Sports Psychology, Psychology and Politics,
Psychology and Law, Psychology and Crime Prevention, Psychology and Poverty alleviation.
PSYC 454: Applied Social Psychology

This course will examine how the theories and principles of social psychology can be applied
tomajor issues affecting contemporary societies. Topics to be covered include intergroup
conflictsand their management, the role of social psychology in the clinic and in politics and in
thecourtroom, and determinants of helping behaviour. Topical issues such as attitudes
regardingsanitation and health will also be discussed. The course will be an interactive one,
providing aforum to share ideas and discuss the strategies that students will develop based on the
theories of social psychology.
PSYC 456: Organizational Psychology

This course deals with the application of psychological concepts, theories, methods and ideas
toproblem of organizations. The course is made up of organizational theory and organizational
behaviour. Topics treated include: the nature of organizations, organizational structure, design
ofeffective organizations, organizational development, organizational climate and
culture,organizational change, organizational decline, organizational learning, group processes
inorganizations, employees work attitudes and motivation, communication in
organization,conflicts in organizations and organizational commitment.
PSYC 458: Sports Psychology

This course focuses on the psychological and mental factors that relate to participation
andperformance in sport, exercise and physical activity and how these may improve personal
development and well-being throughout the life span. Topics to be covered include an introduction
to sports psychology, motivation and self-confidence in sports, aggression and violence in sports,
leadership, cohesion and audience effects, relationships in sports and life skilltraining and
transitions in sport.
PSYC 462: Political Psychology

The course examines the psychological factors that explain political behaviour. Theories and
researches in both Psychology and Political Science will be examined. Other relevant topics
include personality approaches to understanding political leaders and voters, the role of
socialization in the formation of political preferences, how voters process political information,
form impressions of political candidates and make voting decisions. The role of stereotypes
andhow they affect the candidate evaluation process, the uses (and abuses) of persuasion in
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politics,the role of the mass media in politics, the effects of political advertising, attack
campaigning, therole of the media in dictating how the public thinks and the role of women and
minorities in politics will be discussed.
PSYC 464: Introduction to Psycholinguistics

This course introduces students to the nature of language, the various processes that underlie
comprehension and how we produce and acquire language. Specific topics to be covered
includecomprehension and utilization of sentences, language production, the representation of
meaning, language and thought and second language learning and bilingualism.
DEPARTMENT OF SOCIOLOGY
The Department of Sociology was established in 1950. It derives its mission from that of the
University, which is to “develop world-class human resources and capabilities to meet national
development needs and global challenges through quality teaching, learning, research and
knowledge dissemination”. The Department has grown steadily over the years to become the
largest department in the Faculty of the Social Sciences with a student population of about 4,500.
It has trained and continues to train hundreds of young men and women at both the undergraduate
and postgraduates (MA, MPhil and PhD) levels, who are in various sectors of the Ghanaian
society. Sociology is a scientific discipline that studies all aspects of society. It has many sub-
disciplines; as such it is the broadest of the social science disciplines. Sociology’s importance to
modern society is immense where human services have to be provided. The Department services
other departments in the University and outside organizations, for example, Departments of
Nursing, Social Work, Home Science and the Faculty of Engineering. Others are: Centre for
Social Policy Studies, Centre for Gender Studies and Advocacy, University of Ghana Medical
School, Institute of Statistical, Social and Economic Research (ISSER), Ghana Police College,
Ghana Prisons, government institutions and local as well as international civil society/Non-
Governmental Organizations, among others.
GENERAL INFORMATION:
1. All Level 100 and 200 courses are compulsory
2. Sociology Major Students are expected to take a minimum of 18 credits
(3 core and at least one elective) from the Department in each semester).
3. All students combining with Sociology are expected to take a minimum of 9 credits
which must include the first 3 core courses listed each semester
4. All minoring students are expected to take a minimum of 6 credits, which should include
the first two core courses listed each semester.
5. Students should not duplicate courses in other Social Science Departments (see further
explanations for Levels 300 and 400 courses below).
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LEVEL 100
First Semester
OLD COURSE NEW COURSE COURSE TITLE CREDIT
CODE CODE
*UGRC 150 Critical Thinking and Practical 3
Reasoning
SOCI 101 SOCI 121 Principles of Social Organization 3
OTHER 2 Courses from 2 other assigned 6
SUBJECTS Departments
Second Semester
CODE CODE
*UGRC 130 Science and Technology in our Lives 3
*UGRC 150 Critical Thinking and Practical 3
Reasoning
SOCI 102 SOCI 122 Diversity of Peoples and Cultures 3
OTHER 2 Courses from 2 other assigned 6
SUBJECTS Departments
LEVEL 200
First Semester
CODE CODE
*UGRC Academic Writing II/Introduction to 3
210/220-238 African Studies
SOCI 201 SOCI 221 Basic Concepts in Sociology 3
SOCI 203 SOCI 223 Traditional Ghanaian Social 3
Institutions
OTHER 2 courses from 2 other assigned 6
SUBJECT Departments
Total Credit 15
*Note: Students to choose 1 UGRC
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Second Semester
CODE CODE
*UGRC 210/220- Academic Writing II/Introduction to 3
238 African Studies
SOCI 202 SOCI 222 Comparative Social Institutions 3
SOCI 204 SOCI 224 Social Structure of Modern Ghana 3
OTHER SUBJECT 2 courses from 2 other assigned 6
Departments
Total Credit 15
*Note: Students to choose 1 UGRC
LEVEL 300 STUDENTS SHOULD NOTE

Sociology Major Students should take (3) three Core courses (SOCI 301/321, SOCI 303/323 and
SOCI 305/325) and at least (1) one Elective course for each semester.
Combining Sociology students should take (2) two Core courses and (1) one Elective course in the
First Semester and should take (2) two Core courses and may take (1) one Elective in the Second
Semester.
NB: Combining Students who take Research Methods in the First Semester and Quantitative/Statistical
Methods in the Second Semester in their second departments should substitute elective courses in
Sociology for Research Methods and Quantitative Methods in Sociology. Students should not duplicate
courses from other Social Science Departments. Courses that are duplicated are countered as one course
with (3) three credits.
Sociology Minor Students should take (1) one core course and (1) one elective course each
semester.
NB: Combining and Minoring Students should note that SOCI 301/321, SOCI 303/323 and SOCI
305/325) in the First Semester are prerequisites for SOCI 302/322, SOCI 304/324 and SOCI
306/326. This rule should be strictly adhered to.
LEVEL 300
First Semester
OLD COURSE NEW COURSE Core Courses (6 credits) CREDITS
CODE CODE
SOCI 301 SOCI 321 Foundations of Social Thought 3
SOCI 303 SOCI 323 Social Psychology 3
SOCI 305 SOCI 325 Research Methods 3
SOCI 307 SOCI 337 Rural Sociology 3
SOCI 309 SOCI 339 Urban Sociology 3
SOCI 313 SOCI 343 Sociology of Religion 3
SOCI 315 SOCI 345 Political Sociology 3
SOCI 317 SOCI 347 Sociology of the Family 3
OTHER Any ONE course from the other 3
SUBJECT assigned subject / Department
Total Credits 15
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Second Semester
OLD COURSE NEW COURSE Core Courses (9 credits) CREDITS
CODE CODE
SOCI 302 SOCI 322 Perspectives in Social Theory 3
SOCI 304 SOCI 324 Groups Org. and the Individual 3
SOCI 306 SOCI 326 Quantitative Methods in Social Research 3
SOCI 308 SOCI 338 Poverty and Rural Development 3
SOCI 310 SOCI 340 Culture and Development 3
SOCI 312 SOCI 342 Population Studies 3
SOCI 314 SOCI 344 Sociology of Deviant Behaviour 3
SOCI 316 SOCI 346 Medical Sociology 3
OTHER Any ONE course from the other 3
SUBJECT assigned subject / Department
Total Credits 15
LEVEL 400 STUDENTS SHOULD NOTE

Sociology Major Students should take (3) Three Core courses and (2) Two Elective courses in the
First Semester and in the Second Semester, (3) Three Core courses and (1) One Elective, if they
are writing Long Essays/Project Work.
Long Essay (SOCI 400/SOCI 430) is optional for major students. Students who will not write
Long Essay/Project Work should take (2) Two additional elective courses instead— i.e. (1) One
Elective course in the First Semester and another (1) One in the Second Semester as substitutes for
Long Essay/Project Work.
All students should note that some courses taken during the first semester are prerequisites for
some second semester courses. These are:
SOCI 401/SOCI 421 is a prerequisite for 402/422
SOCI 405/SOCI 425 is a prerequisite for 406/426
SOCI 312/342 is a prerequisite for 408/348
SOCI 314/ 344 is prerequisite for 416/446
SOCI 403/ 423 is prerequisite for 404/424
Failure to comply with these regulations means that the departmental requirements for graduation
are not satisfied.
Combining Student should take (3) Three Core courses in the First Semester and any (2) Two
Core courses in the Second semester.
LEVEL 400
First Semester
OLD COURSE NEW COURSE CODE Core Courses (9 credits) CREDIT
CODE
SOCI 401 SOCI 421 Social Anthropology 3
SOCI 403 SOCI 423 Theories of Social Development 3
SOCI 405 SOCI 425 Industrial Sociology I 3
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Elective Courses
SOCI 400 Long Essay 3
SOCI 407 SOCI 437 Globalization and Society 3
SOCI 409 SOCI 439 Gender Studies 3
SOCI 411 SOCI 441 Sociology of Law 3
SOCI 413 SOCI 443 Advanced Quantitative 3
Techniques
SOCI 311* SOC1 447 Sociology of Tourism & 3
Tourism Dev. in Ghana
Total Credits 15
* SOCI 311 is moved from Level 300 to 400 and becomes SOCI 447
Second Semester
OLD COURSE NEW COURSE Core Courses (9 credits) CREDIT
CODE CODE
SOCI 402 SOCI 422 Societies and Cultures of Africa 3
SOCI 404 SOCI 424 The Context of Development and 3
Underdevelopment
SOCI 406 SOCI 426 Industrial Sociology II 3
Elective Courses
SOCI 400 SOCI 430 Long Essay 3
SOCI 408 SOCI 438 Demographic Analysis 3
SOCI 412 SOCI 442 Contemporary Social Theories 3
SOCI 416 SOCI 446 Penology 3
SOCI 418 SOCI 448 Culture and Reproductive Health
Total Credits 15
COURSE DESCRIPTIONS
Level 100
SOCI 101/121 Principles of Social Organization

Man as social animal and the basis social life; Social interaction and the constitution of society; The
sociological perspective on society; Building blocks of social organization; Concepts for analyzing
social structure and culture: norms, folkways, mores, mores, values, status and role, ethnocentrism,
cultural relativity, assimilation and multiculturalism, etc.; Social hierarchy and differential rewards;
groups and organizations; Cultural background of personality; Socialization; Social institutions: the
family, etc.; Social order and social conflict, Deviance and social control; Social change; Major
founders of Sociology; Careers in Sociology.
SOCI 102/122 Diversity of Peoples and Cultures

Evolution and diversity of humanity; Unities and diversities in social organizations; Ecology,
economy and society; Modes of subsistence and adaptation: hunters and gatherers/foraging,
horticulture, agriculture, pastoralism, modern industrialized economies – capitalism, communism/
socialism, mixed economies; Exchange systems; Marriage, family and kinship; Religious beliefs,
values, and practices; Political organizations; Health, disease and culture; Imperialism, colonialism,
development and underdevelopment.
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Level 200
SOCI 201/221 Basic Concepts in Sociology

Context and origin of sociology; Major founders of Sociology; Sociology and other social
sciences; Sociological imagination/mindfulness; Importance of social research and sociological
methods for investigating the social world: social surveys and field studies, tools for gathering
data: questionnaires, participant and non-participant observation; interviews, focus- group
discussions, uses of documentary sources and historical materials, ethical issues etc.; Sociological
concepts and terms for analyzing society and culture: social structure, institutions; social
functions; social system, social change etc.; Socialization; Social and gender stratification; Family
and other social institutions; Deviance and social control; Population, communities and
urbanization; Uses of sociological knowledge and careers in Sociology.
SOCI 202/222 Comparative Social Institutions

Nature and functions of social institutions; Social institutions in comparative perspective; Marriage,
family and kinship systems; Religion and modes of religious expression; Political Organizations: the
maintenance of law and order in contrasting political systems; Formal organizations and
bureaucracy; Contemporary social issues: population and development, ethnicity, bribery and
corruption, problems of the urban and rural environments.
SOCI 203/223 Traditional Ghanaian Social Institutions

The Social Structure of Ghana; The land, people and their spatial distribution; Traditional world
view; Family, kinship and lineage system; Population trends in traditional societies; Traditional
religious beliefs and their social functions; Witchcraft, magic, sorcery and divination; Traditional
Economy: land tenure system, modes of production and distribution; Chieftaincy: structure and
function; Modes of socialization: Rites of passage; Crime and crime Control in traditional
Societies.
SOCI 204/224 Social Structure of Modern Ghana

Concept of social structure; Social change: transition from tradition to modernity: impact of
colonialism; Demographic changes: rural-urban migration; Political institution in transition:
democratic governance, local government structure (District Assemblies); Religious institution in
transition: the impact of Christianity and Islam; Family and functions, family in transition; new
marriage markets: inheritance and interstate succession law; Economic modernization, Formal
education and new elites; Social stratification, Health institutions in transition; Contemporary
social issues and problems: urbanization and urban life, bribery and corruption, ethnicity, etc.
Level 300
SOCI 301/321 Foundations of Social Thought

Nature of social thought and social theory; Context and development of Sociology; Founders of
Sociology: Comte, social context, major ideas and evaluation of Comte’s contribution to social
theory; Herbert Spencer, social context, major ideas and evaluation of Spencer’s contribution to
social theory; Emile Durkheim, social context, major ideas and evaluation of Durkheim’s
contribution to social thought; Karl Marx, the context, major ideas: the notion of dialectics;
historical materialism, social classes and their transformation, vision of a new society, Marx’s
analyses of political economy and Marx’s contribution to social theory; Max Weber: context and
major ideas: definition of sociology; methodology of the social science: categories of social action;
patterns of authority, rationality and bureaucracy; the protestant ethic thesis and its critics and
Weber’s contribution to social theory; Vilfredo Pareto: elite theory; George Simmel- formal
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sociology and analysis of conflict; Sigmund Freud and the significance of his ideas for social
analysis.
SOCI 302/322 Perspectives in Social Theory

Meaning of perspectives in social theory; Structuralism versus agency/action debate in Sociology;
Philosophies of positivism and phenomenology and their influence on sociological theories and
research methods; Structural functionalism: from Durkheim, Parsons, Merton to Alexander;
Marxism and Conflict Theory: from Marx, Neo-Marxism (Althusser, Lukacs, Gramsci) to Critical
Theory; “Non-Marxist” Conflict theory: Dahrendorf and Coser.; Historically-Oriented Marxism
(Dependency and World System Theory: Latin American Structuralism, Frank, Amin, Rodney,
Nkrumah, Wallerstein, etc.); Symbolic Interactionism: Mead, Blummer and Goffman;
Ethnomethodology: the works of Garfinkel, etc., Feminist Theory.
SOCI 303/323 Social Psychology

The field and definitional issues; Strategies of enquiry: problems with social psychological
research; Social learning: the humanizing process; Social perception: impression formation, social
attribution; Social motivation: the achievement motive and its practical implications; Social
cognition: cognitive consistency theories; Interpersonal attraction; Social attitudes: attitude
measurement: attitude formation and attitude change; communication: persuasive communication;
Dissonance: concept, nature, effects: Prejudice its causes, consequences and cure or prevention;
Aggression: frustration aggression hypothesis: modeling of aggressive behaviour; Prosocial
behaviour: bystander intervention in emergencies: effects of altruism.
SOCI 304/324 Groups, Organizations and the Individual

Group dynamics from a social psychological perspective: intra-group process; the dimension of
group structure; communication; role; influence and power structure; collective influence on
individual behaviour; de-individuation and the spread of group effects; intra-group and inter-group
conflict and its resolution; organizational behaviour; social influence processes and social
exchange; environmental influence on social behaviour and the social developmental implications
of social psychology.
SOCI 305/325 Research Methods

Importance of social research in the Social Sciences and Sociology; Proposal writing: statement of
the problem, objectives, hypotheses, operationalization of key concepts, Literature Review; Types of
research; quantitative and qualitative research paradigms, research design/plan; Sampling
Procedures; Sources of data: primary and secondary; Methods of data collection: questionnaires and
interview guides design, observation participant, observation, use of key informants, content
analysis, focus-group discussions, advantages and disadvantages of the methods for data gathering,
etc. Ethical considerations; Techniques for data presentation and analysis; Report writing: abstracts
and executive summaries, referencing, sectioning, formatting, editing, etc.
SOCI 306/326 Quantitative Methods in Social Research

Populations and samples; frequency tables and graphs; measures of central tendency (mode,
median, mean); describing the variability of distributions; Introduction to inference: the normal
Curve; distribution of sampling means; standard error of estimates; Inference with the Normal
Curve: hypothesis testing and interval estimation; confidence interval using the normal
distribution; hypothesis testing with the normal curve; Inference with the ‘t’ Distribution: the ‘ts’
distribution and unbiased estimates; relationship between the normal and ‘t’ distribution; degrees
of freedom when estimating parameters; when to use the ‘t’ distribution; confidence interval using
the ‘t’ distribution; Inference with the Chi-Square Distribution: the chi-square test for goodness of
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fit; the chi-square test for independence; Predictive Techniques: the regression model; criterion of
best fit; calculating the slope; calculating the Y intercept; estimating the regression line; using the
regression equation for prediction; Correlation: correlation as a descriptive technique; correlation
as an inferential statistics.
SOCI 307/337 Rural Sociology

Historical overview of Rural Sociology; Conceptual problems in Rural Sociology; Basic structure
of rural societies; Settlement patterns; Family arrangements; Politics; Religion; Health; Education;
Economy; Migration and rural communities; Social change and rural communities; Agents of rural
transformation: District Assemblies, NGOs/Civil Society Organizations, Faith Based
Organizations, Community Based Organizations; Conducting research in rural communities;
linkages between rural and urban communities.
SOCI 308/338 Poverty and Rural Development

Imperatives of African rural development; Development and underdevelopment theory and
comparative perspectives; Globalization and the political economy of rural poverty; Rural poverty
indicators; The roles of the state in rural development; Social infrastructure and rural
development; Women, children and rural poverty alleviation; The land question and rural
development; NGOs and local initiatives in the rural sector; Environmental issues in rural
development; A critique of selected rural development projects.
SOCI 309/339 Urban Sociology

Concept of sociology as applied to the urban society; theoretical perspectives; basic structure of
urban life; Development of the city; Industrialization and urbanization; Urbanism as a way of life;
Urbanism and Politics, Religion; Economics, Family; Education, Health; urban growth and the
development of shanty towns; Urban social relations and associational lives and their integrative
functions; Urban social problems: crime; juvenile delinquency, drug abuse, prostitution, over
crowing, waste management, etc.
SOCI 310/340 Culture and Development

The nexus between Culture and Development; Definition of culture, its attributes and components;
Cultural values, attitudes and development in comparative perspectives; Kinship systems and
development; Land tenure systems; Intangible assets in development; Gender and development;
Concept of time, trust, property rights, institutional support and enabling environments for
development; Dynamics of global cultural industries; Governance and human rights; culture and
health; Education culture and social capital, etc.
SOCI 312/342 Population Studies

The scope of population studies; History of world population, its growth and relation to
development; Elements of demography; Population: composition, structure and characteristics;
Population Theories: Malthusian Population Theory, Demographic Transition Theory, etc.;
Population and development debate; Fertility and Reproductive Health, Family Planning and
HIV/AIDS; Mortality; Urbanization, migration and its impact, Population growth and
development in Ghana; Population policies.
SOCI 313/343 Sociology of Religion

Nature and field of the sociology of religion; Sociological, anthropological and psychological
perspectives in religious phenomena; Mutual interaction of religion and other social institutions;
Theoretical and substantive content of the sociology of religion. Theories of religious behaviour:
Comte, Tylor, Frazer, Durkhein, Malinowski, Marx and Max Weber; Types of religious activity
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and modes of expression and organization in historical and comparative situations; religion in
simple societies: totemism; ancestral veneration, magic, sorcery and witchcraft, myths and rituals;
Religion in complex societies; Religious pluralism; Sectarianism, religious conflicts and
accommodation; Traditional religion; Islam; Christianity and Asiatic religions; Scientific and
technological development and secularization; ‘Post-modern’ religious expressions.
SOCI 314/344 Sociology of Deviant Behaviour

Deviance as a universal phenomenon; Definitions; Development and scope of Sociology of
Deviant Behaviour; Historical trends; Predisposition of individuals to deviate from social norms;
“Causal” theories: biological, psychological and sociological explanations (Functionalism,
Marxism, etc. ), the positivists, measurement of crime, crime statistics, twins studies,
somatotypes, theory of anomie, differential association, sub-cultural theories, principles of
criminal law (concept of crime); white collar crime, victimless crime, etc.
SOCI 315/345 Political Sociology

Development and scope of political sociology; Power, domination and legitimacy; Authority
patterns in society; Social stratification and political domination; Theories for analyzing the state
and power: Structural Functionalism, Pluralism, Marxism, Neo-Marxism, and Weberian, Elite
theory; Political socialization and participation; Politics in Africa: traditional political institutions,
past and present; Colonialism and origin of the African state; Nationalism and postcolonial
politics, political authoritarianism, corruption, military in politics; Economic and political elites in
Africa; Economic liberalism and democratic governance in Africa; Class, ethnicity and political
behaviour; Political parties, civil society organizations and the media.
SOCI 316/346 Medical Sociology

Health as a human value; Medical Sociology: Rationale and Scope; Culture, Health and Illness;
Medical pluralism and hierarchy of resort; The doctor – patient encounter; Pharmaceuticals in the
Developing World; Socio-cultural aspects of women’s Health; The hospital as a social system;
Technology and the Sociology of health care; The socio-cultural context of nursing in Ghana;
Theoretical Perspectives in Medical Sociology/Anthropology
SOCI 317/347 Sociology of the Family

Family as basic social institution; the nexus between marriage, family and kinship; Importance of
kinship, descent groups, descent systems; Inheritance and succession; Marriage: processes and
forms; Marital stability, divorce and its implications; Types of extended family in comparative
perspective with reference to sub-Saharan Africa; Family in theoretical perspective: functionalist
and conflict perspectives; Major key studies of the family; Social change and the family:
emergence of the nuclear family and its implications for authority, power and interpersonal
relations, decision-making, inheritance, welfare of members. Alternative family life-styles in
marriage of contemporary societies: singled; unmarried, cohabitation; single parenthood, blended
families, gay couples, etc.
Level 400
SOCI 401/421 Social Anthropology

Anthropology and its sub-fields; Nature, scope and methodology of social/cultural anthropology;
Evolution and diversity of humans; Culture; Environments and modes of making a
living/Adaptive Strategies; Marriage, family, kinship and descent; Economic production,
distribution and exchange; Political systems, Religion; Motivations for and impact of Colonialism,
the Evolution of the World System; Cultural Exchange: Contact and Domination, adaptation and
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resistances of the weak; Contemporary Development in social anthropology; Applied
social/cultural anthropology.
SOCI 402/422 Societies and Cultures of Africa

Defining Africans and tracing their origin; The African environment and diversity and similarities
of its people; Worldviews of Africans; Religious belief systems: the supernatural, witchcraft,
sorcery, magic, etc.; Cultural norms, values and practices; Marriage practices, family, lineage and
clan systems, kinship and descents; Land tenure systems and modes of economic production,
distribution and exchange; Traditional political institutions; Law, religion and social control in
African societies; European contact: impact of mercantilism, evangelism, slavery and colonialism
on African peoples and cultures; Nationalism and independence; Westernization and domination
of Africa and Africa’s adaptations and responses. Illustrations of African societies and cultures
from specific case studies of selected groups/societies in Eastern, Western, Northern, and Southern
African regions.
SOCI 403/423 Theories of Social Development

Inequalities among nations; Affluence and socio-economic deprivations; The Three Worlds: their
characteristics, emergence and dynamism; European contact and colonialism in the world,
Nationalism; Post-World War II context and origins of development as planned change; Meanings
and measurement of development: socioeconomic indicators, human development indicators, human
poverty indicators, etc; Theories of development and sociological approaches to social change:
evolutionism, neo-evolutionism, modernization theory, theory of underdevelopment or dependency
theory, Political economy of international relations: ideologies of development:
liberalism/capitalism, economic nationalism, Marxism, socialism/communism; Neo-liberalism and
democracy.
SOCI 404/424 The Context of Development and Underdevelopment

Development as ideology and comparative study of conditions facilitating or impeding
development in Third World countries (Africa, Asia and Latin America): State and postcolonial
development policies/strategies and impacts; IMF and World Bank policies; Aid and
Development; Population, urbanization and education; Agriculture and rural development in
different contexts; Women and Development; Science, technology and industrialization; Culture,
attitudes and development in different contexts; Quality of life and happiness, Environment and
sustainable development. Illustrations from comparative case studies of selected countries on
selected topics in development.
SOCI 405/425 Industrial Sociology I

The nature, history and scope of Industrial Sociology; Nature of work and its centrality in human
lives; Growth of formal organizations and bureaucracy; Sociological theories of formal
organizations: classical and human relations schools; Management in formal organizations: the
various levels, functions, managerial philosophies and styles of management; Industry and society;
Sociology of worker participation in management and worker self-management.
SOCI 406/426 Industrial Sociology II

Theories of industrial relations: the systems theory, Marxist model, social action model, human
relations model, etc; Forces influencing patterns of industrial relations; Sources of conflicts and
conflict management; Trade Unions: their aims and objectives, growth and development; Structure
of Unions; Government and unions; Trade unions in the developing world especially Africa;
Differences in social characteristics, growth and roles of trade unions in the developing world and
the developed world; Trade unions in Ghana: an analysis of the various industrial relations Acts
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e.g. Acts 1958, 1965, 1971 etc.; The urban African industrial worker: a discussion of the earlier
image and the later image of the urban African industrial worker; Trade Unions in a globalizing
World: problems and challenges.
SOCI 407/437 Globalization and Society

Conceptualizing globalization; Historical analysis of globalization; Forces of globalization: neo-
liberalism— market and democracy, multinationals, international organizations and financial
institutions, ICTs, etc.; Issues of globalization— westernization and imperialism; Globalization
and the transformation in the global economy, impact on employment within nation-states and
state capacities; Impact of globalization on Third World Societies: the state, economic productive
systems, consumption patterns and culture; International migration and its implications, labour
activity and power in the Third World; Globalization and the Ghanaian Society: opportunities,
constraints and contending issues.
SOCI 408/438 Demographic Analysis

Definition, nature and scope of demography; Sources, uses and limitations of population data:
Population census; sample surveys; vital registration; population registers; non-traditional sources
(parish registers, baptismal records; administrative records); international sources; Population data in
sub-Sahara Africa; Major demographic methods: balancing equation; rates and ratios, rates of
population growth, standardization; Population composition: analysis of sex and age structure; age-
sex pyramid; educational; economic and ethnic characteristics; The life table: assumption, types and
functions, the conventional life table (construction; interpretation and use); Introduction to migration
analysis: internal migration and moves; international migration.
SOCI 409/439 Gender Studies

Historical perspectives on gender studies; Concepts in gender analysis; Feminist theories and
Movements; Definition of status and roles of men/women in Africa and Ghana; Legal provisions
for women’s rights in Ghana; Women and men in politics in Ghana; Media and women in Ghana;
Gender issues in rural communities (rights and access to land, households & rural production,
etc.); Gender issues in rural development politics; Gender issues in urban communities (household
& urban production); Gender issues in urban production and politics; Gender and reproductive
health problems in Ghana; Gender issues and the environment; Gender based discrimination,
violence and the law.
SOCI 411/441 The Sociology of Law

Nature and scope of the Sociology of Law; Law and its social significance; Social norms and law
in traditional and modern societies; Major classical studies on Law; Living law and state/formal
law; Legal pluralism; Sociological approaches to law: Functionalist, Marxist/Conflict,
Durkheimian, Weberian, etc. perspectives; Deviance and social control in society; Mechanisms for
conflict resolution: mediation, arbitration, adjudication, trial by ordeal, mob justice; honour
killings, etc.; Types of law and citizens’ invocation of law in modern society; Crime: its
measurement and forms; The Justice Administrative System: the structure and role of the Police,
Judiciary, Prison and Human Rights Institutions; Punishment and Corrections.
SOCI 412/442 Contemporary Social Theories

Philosophies of positivism and phenomenology; Structuralism in Sociology; Consensus and
conflict approaches; Neo-Functionalism; Marxism and Neo-Marxism: critical theory, the ideas of
Habermas, and cultural analyses of modern societies; Historically-oriented Marxism; Macro and
Micro or Structure and Agency debate; Interpretative tradition in Sociology and definition of the
situation; social construction of reality; Exchange and rational choice theories; Feminist theories;
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Structuralism, poststructuralism— the ideas of Focault; sociolinguistics; Recent integrative
developments in sociological theory; Postmodernism and postmodern social theories.
SOCI 413/441 Advanced Quantitative Techniques

Modeling Society; Probability distributions; Point estimation; Confidence Intervals; Hypothesis
Testing; ANOVA; Correlation Analysis; Simple Regression; Maximum Likelihood estimation of
Simple Logistic Regression;
SOCI 414/444 Globalization and Formal Organizations

(Not currently on offer)
SOCI 415/445 The Sociology of Science

(Not currently on offer)
SOCI 416/446 Penology

Concept of penology; Correctional concepts; Cultural context of punishment and the treatment of
offenders; Socialization and social control; Computing and measuring crime statistics and
correctional statistics; Correctional populations and correctional staff; Theories of deviance;
Physical, economic, social and psychological sanctions; Principles of punishment: jails, detention
and community corrections; The prison experience; Correction of juvenile offenders; Capital
punishment or the death penalty.
SOCI 311/447 Sociology of Tourism and Tourism Development in Ghana

Evolution and development of tourism; Tourism as a global phenomenon; Motivations,
characteristics and destinations of tourists; Motivations to receive tourists: characteristics and
national policies of recipient countries; Impact of tourism on recipient countries; History of
Tourism development in Ghana; Tourist sites, resources and potentials; Ecotourism; Perceptions
and attitudes of tourists and that of their host communities; Economic and socio-cultural impacts
of tourism: on arts and crafts industry, sacred places, community values, the commodification of
social life and relations, crime, prostitution, child exploitation, issues of local/community
participation; Domestic tourism; State institutions and private organizations in the tourism
industry; International and regional linkages; Problems and challenges facing the Tourism industry
in Ghana.
SOCI 418/448 Culture and Reproductive Health

Definition of basic concepts: Culture and reproductive health; Culture, empowerment and
development approaches; Reproductive health trends and prevalence; Components of reproductive
health; HIV and AIDS, Inequalities and reproductive health; Biological differences and gender
inequalities; Individual, household and policy level inequalities; Cultural contexts of reproductive
health: family and kinship, marriage, status of females, culture and sexuality, cultural practices and
issues of vulnerability; Major socio-economic issues: poverty, unemployment, education and
illiteracy, women’s equity issues; Health care situation of women; Cultural and societal diversities in
reproductive health; Reproductive health services/ programmes and policy issues.
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DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL WORK
The Department of Social Work started as a unit of the Department of Sociology under the name
Social Administration in 1955. It attained the status of a Department on September 27, 2001. The
Department of Social Work is one of the units under the Faculty of Social Studies. Social work as
a profession has evolved over the years as a means of helping families, individuals, and
institutions to thrive. The profession is committed to the pursuit of social justice, to the
enhancement of quality of life, and to the development of the full potential of each individual,
group and community. The social work profession promotes social change, problem solving in
human relationships and the empowerment and liberation of people to enhance well-being. The
Department of Social Work continues to be the premier social work training institution in the
country. The mission of the department is to remain the leading training institution for high calibre
social workers in Ghana through the provision of high quality educational experiences at the
undergraduate and graduate levels. Through long vacation and concurrent fieldwork activities
students are offered internship in various organisations both governmental and non-governmental.
PROGRAMME STRUCTURE
SOWK 111 Development and Social Issues 3
2 Courses from 2 other assigned 6
Departments
MINIMUM CREDITS REQUIRED 15
Note: Students to choose any 2 (6 credits) UGRC courses
SECOND SEMESTER
SOWK 112 Strategies for Development 3
2 Courses from 2 other assigned 6
Departments
*Note: Students to choose any 2 (6 credits) UGRC courses
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PROGRAMME STRUCTURE
LEVEL 200
FIRST SEMESTER
SOWK 211 History of Social Work 3
SOWK 213 The Nature of Social Work 3
2 Courses from the other assigned 6
Department
SECOND SEMESTER
SOWK 212 Philosophy of Social Work 3
SOWK 214 Social Work and Social Problems 3
2 Courses from the other assigned 6
Department
LEVEL 300
FIRST SEMESTER
 A student majoring in Social Work will take FOUR core courses and at least one
elective course for the semester.
PROGRAMME STRUCTURE
CORE
SOWK 331 Working with Individuals 3
SOWK 333 Social Theories for Social Policy 3
SOWK 335 Human Growth and Development 3
SOWK 339 Introduction to Social Work Research 3
ELECTIVES Students are required to take any ONE
elective
SOWK 337 Working with Older People 3
SOWK 345 Community Organisation 3
SOWK 341 Victimology 3
SOWK 349 Deviance and Correctional Services 3
Any one course from the other assigned 3
subject/Department
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SECOND SEMESTER
 A student majoring in Social Work will take at least FOUR core courses including
SOWK 344: Long Vacation Fieldwork and at least ONE Elective course.

CORE
SOWK 332 Working with Communities 3
SOWK 334 Social Welfare and Social Policy 3
SOWK 342 Quantitative Methods in Social Research 3
SOWK 344 Long Vacation Fieldwork 3
ELECTIVES Students are required to take any ONE elective 3
SOWK 336 Personality Development and Behaviour Disorders 3
SOWK 338 Working with Persons Living with HIV/AIDS 3
SOWK 346 Women & Children’s Rights and Protection 3
SOWK 348 Medical Social Work 3
Any one course from the other assigned 3
subject/Department
LEVEL 400
FIRST SEMESTER
A Social Work major student will take FOUR core courses and either SOWK 430 (Long
Essay) or at least two electives.
PROGRAMME STRUCTURE
CORE
SOWK 431 Human Rights in Social Work Practice 3
SOWK 433 Approaches to Counselling 3
SOWK 435 Social Work and the Law Courts 3
SOWK 437 Organisational Planning in Social Work Practice 3
SOWK 430 Long Essay - To be credited
in the 2nd
semester
SOWK 439 School Social Work 3

SOWK 441 Gender Issues 3
SOWK 443 Industrial and Labour Relations 3
SOWK 445: Theories of Rehabilitation 3
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SECOND SEMESTER
 A Social Work Major student will take THREE core courses including SOWK 448
(Concurrent Fieldwork) and either SOWK 430 (Long Essay) or at least two
electives.

CORE
SOWK 432 Working with Children 3
SOWK 434 Working with Groups 3
SOWK 448 Concurrent Fieldwork 3
SOWK 430 Long Essay 6
SOWK 436 Administration, Management and Evaluation 3
SOWK438 Family Welfare 3
SOWK 442 Social Gerontology 3
SOWK 444 Problems of rehabilitation 3
SOWK 446 Working with People in Need of Protection 3
 Students majoring in Social Work will need a minimum of 120 credits to graduate.
COURSE DESCRIPTIONS
SOWK 111 Development and Social Issues

This course explores various theoretical perspectives on development. It also provides a general
understanding of the basic concepts of development (underdeveloped, developing, and developed).
It examines major social issues, emphasizes the social consequences of globalization, North/South
power relations and structural adjustment programmes. It analyses the dynamic relationship
between social issues and development.
SOWK 112: Strategies for Social Development

The course explores differences between effective and ineffective strategies for development. It
examines the context of development in Ghana, the role of NGOs and government agencies and
relationships between the two sectors. Additionally, it focuses on a cross-section of strategies
employed by government agencies and the NGO sector in areas of reproductive health, food
security and poverty alleviation.
SOWK 211: History of Social Work

The purpose of this course is to help the student to understand the historical development of social
work. It traces the various philosophies and institutions that have shaped the development of
Social Work. It also explores how social welfare was undertaken in pre-colonial era, colonial era,
the origin of social work in Ghana and current social welfare programmes in Ghana.
SOWK 212: Philosophy of Social Work

The course is designed to examine philosophical perspectives and reflective considerations of
moral issues in social work practice. The course also discusses relevant ethical theories and their
relevance to social work practice. It examines controversial issues and the position of the Social
Work profession. Practical examples will be used to discuss how to resolve ethical dilemmas in
social work practice.
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SOWK 213: Nature of Social Work
This course is designed to introduce students to social work. The course examines several
definitions, fundamental principles, and the core values of social work. The roles and functions
performed by social workers, the professional code of ethics and ethical dilemmas in social work
are thoroughly discussed. This course provides students with basic interviewing skills that will
enable them work effectively with clients. The course will also identify the types of clientele that
are served by the social work profession.
SOWK 214: Social Work and Social Problems

The general objective of this course is to give students a broad overview of contemporary social
problems both in Ghana, and globally. The course examines levels of social problems using
various sociological perspectives and the influence of Ghanaian cultural elements on social
problems. The various policies and programmes put in place to help combat these problems will
also be explored.
SOWK 331: Working with Individuals

This course examines psychosocial theories and models underlying social work practice with a
focus on the principles and dynamics of casework. It focuses on problem identification through to
assessment to intervention planning, intervention, termination and follow-up.
SOWK 332: Working with Communities

The course is designed to equip students with requisite skills for working with communities. The
course focuses on concepts such as the meaning of community development, approaches to
community development and trends in community development. The course will also examine and
community entry techniques, principles of community project planning and working with various
community groups.
SOWK 333: Social Theories for Social Policy

This course aims at helping students appreciate the various theoretical models and perspective that
influence social policy. It examines the relationship between social theory and social policy.
Major social policy models to be examined include sympathetic, equity, equality, structural and
laissez-faire; Paulo Faire developmental orientation, Richard Titmus’ models of social policy,
functionalist and conflict perspectives on social stratification.
SOWK 334: Social Welfare and Social Policy

This course focuses on social policy analysis, the nature and boundaries of social policy, concepts
of welfare state, context of society and social policy. It examines the relationship between social
policy and basic human needs and gives an overview of societal and individual responsibility.
Students will appreciate social needs, social problems and social work perspectives for reviewing
social issues of poverty, development, health, education, housing and social welfare.
SOWK 335: Human Growth and Development

This course explores the various developmental tracks from birth to death. It examines the
development of motor, language, cognitive and psychological capacities and skills across the
lifespan. Additionally, it examines the different cross-sectional stages of life, for example,
childhood, adolescence, adulthood or late adulthood. Implications and usefulness of theories on
growth and development for helping professionals, particularly social workers are discussed.
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SOWK 336: Personality Development and Behaviour Disorders
This course explores the development of personality, human reactions and emotions. It discusses
normal and abnormal behaviour, labelling, disorders related to growth and mental disorders. It
emphasises a basic understanding of psychopathology and how it affects individuals, families,
groups and communities.
SOWK 337: Working with Older People

The course focuses on the human life cycle in relation to ageing and the ageing process. It helps
students develop relevant social work skills in handling and dealing with older people. The course
analyses the challenges facing older people in Ghana and Africa and focuses on the need to
prepare for old age. It examines the needs of elderly persons, available resources and services for
assisting the elderly obtain services.
SOWK 338: Working with Persons with HIV and AIDS

This course aims at introducing the subject of people living with HIV and AIDS, care and support.
It creates aware of the needs of persons living with HIV and AIDS, the consequences of HIV
infection and helps students develop sensitivity to their situation. Additionally, it enables students
become aware of discrimination and stigmatisation faced by the people living with HIV and
AIDS. The course explores different ways of helping PLWHAs.
SOWK 339: Introduction to Social Work Research

The course introduces students to methods of social science research. It examines basic research
knowledge and skills required for social work practice. The course focuses on theories of the
scientific method, including principles and ethics of qualitative and quantitative methodologies.
SOWK 341: Victimology

This course examines issues of violence and abuse, and focuses on both victims and perpetrators.
Topics treated under this include theories of violence; childhood experiences, and how these
impact on behaviour later in life. It focuses on violent crimes, spousal abuse, child abuse and
neglect, incest, stalking and other types of violence prevalent in our society. Importance is also
accorded to treatment of victims as well as perpetrators of violence, and issues relating to
prevention. Case studies will be used extensively in this course.
SOWK 342: Quantitative Methods in Social Research

The course is designed to equip students with the knowledge and application of statistical methods
to social work research. It is also to assist students to analyse field data and interpret the results.
It focuses on the nature of quantitative and statistical methods, organisation and management of
statistical data, measures of central tendency and skewed distributions; measures of dispersion, z-
score and correlation; chi-square analyses and T- test distribution.
SOWK 344: Long Vacation Fieldwork (8 weeks)

The long vacation fieldwork provides an important opportunity for practical learning. It provides
students with a chance to see how social service and social development agencies work, and to
apply the theory they have learnt to practice in the field. This experience helps students to find
their identity as social workers and to choose what aspect of the profession they would like pursue.
The field work placement is for a period of 8 weeks from June to July. Students are required to be
in the field for 5 full days per week and 40 hours per week. Students are placed with
governmental and non-governmental agencies across the country under supervision. A fieldwork
manual is supplied to students to guide them in the field.
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SOWK 345: Community Organisation
The course is designed to help students have a clear understanding of community organisation as a
field, process and method of social work and how the social worker uses it to help communities.
It examines the principles and techniques of community organization. The generalist intervention
model in community organization (micro, mezzo, macro approaches) will be emphasised.
Additionally, the role of the social worker as a community change agent will be explored.
SOWK 346: Women and Children’s Rights and Protection

This course critically examines human rights issues specifically related to women and children. It
focuses on existing policies, programmes, Acts, conventions and services at both international and
local levels. It aims at promoting and protecting the welfare of women and children in Ghana and
around the world. Particular attention is paid to violence against women and children and how
Ghana as a country is fighting against all forms of discrimination against women and children.
SOWK 348: Medical Social Work

This course reviews the history of medical social work with particular reference to Ghana. It
examines the role and responsibilities of medical social workers, networking and future trends of
medical social work. The course focuses, among other things, on human society and health
concerns, social work practice in health care settings, maternal health, the dynamics of HIV and
AIDS as well as other emerging social and health problems.
SOWK 430: Long Essay

This is a supervised optional student research project which begins in the first semester. Students
at Level 400 who opt for long essay are required to submit their topics before proceeding for long
vacation fieldwork placement.
SOWK 431: Human Rights in Social Work Practice

This course focuses on concepts and contents of human rights. It examines international, regional
and national conventions and legislations on human rights with specific reference to the rights of
vulnerable populations. Additionally, the course reviews Ghana’s compliance with human rights
laws.
SOWK 432: Working with Children

This course highlights the basic knowledge and skills required to work with children, and targets
people whose aim is to build a profession around children. The course addresses issues of human
rights relating to children. It discusses the developmental milestones of children, focusing on a
number of theoretical perspectives on child development. It also looks at disorders associated with
the developmental stages and how these affect the child’s functioning. Also to be examined are
familial determinants of children’s behaviours and extra-familial stressors, parenting styles and
how to promote positive behaviours in children.
SOWK 433: Approaches to Counselling

This course focuses on theoretical approaches to counselling. Counselling skills that will be
emphasised include: recognition and interpretation of non-verbal communication, active listening,
use of open questions, empathic responding, focusing, summarizing and goal-setting. Additionally
themes and challenges encountered during counselling sessions will be examined.
SOWK 434: Working with Groups

The course focuses on working with therapeutic groups. It examines concepts of group formation,
group dynamics, members’ roles, termination and follow-up. It also introduces students to the
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importance of influential theories on group work and the skills social workers need to enable them
work effectively with groups.
SOWK 435: Social Work and the Law Courts

The course is designed to reflect the role of social work in the operations of the criminal justice
system. It examines concepts and terminologies such as criminal justice, criminal delinquency
probation, parole, aftercare and recidivism. Also examined are perspectives on services, skills and
techniques required to practice within the criminal justice system. Additionally, the course
discusses laws and legislations authorising and promoting social work practice in the law courts
and in related institutions.
SOWK 436: Administration, Management and Evaluation

This course introduces students to concepts, principles and practices of administration and human
service management. It explores issues such as planning, teambuilding, organizing, human
resource management, directing, coordinating, reporting, budgeting, designing, managing and
evaluation of projects. The course aims at equipping social work professionals with skills needed
for efficient and effective management of organisations. The course prepares students to
appreciate the essential elements involved in managing people, programs/projects and finances in
organisations.
SOWK 437: Organisational Planning in Social Work Practice

This course examines the definition and nature of community organisation. It focuses on theories
of organisational development, programme planning and resource development. It also examines
the theoretical base as well as factors that influence organisational growth and change. The role of
social workers (including advocacy roles) in organizational and community change will be
discussed. Students will learn to appreciate types of organisations and the importance of an
organisation’s vision, mission and objectives.
SOWK 438: Family Welfare

The course introduces students to the concept of marriage and the family and authority and
decision-making processes within the family. It examines the changes occurring in the structure
and functions of the Ghanaian-family and the goals and agents of socialisation. The course
emphasises the relevance of the maintenance of Children Act of 1965, Child Maintenance Decree
of 1977, the Children’s Act of 1998, Intestate succession Law, Head of Family Accountability
Law, the Domestic Violence Law and pension schemes to social work practice with families.
SOWK 439: School Social Work

This course focuses on the practice of social work within educational settings. It is aimed at
teaching the basic skills and knowledge needed for the identification of students with problems
that affect their school attendance and educational achievement and for investigating the source of
the problems. It examines various ways of building collaborations and rapport between the home,
community and the school. It also helps students develop skills in identifying and working with
students with learning and other disabilities. Other areas of focus include mentoring, student-
teacher, teacher-parent and peer relations, strategies of addressing truancy, school dropout,
violence in schools, discipline and punishment, and issues of abuse in schools.
SOWK 441: Gender Issues

This course explores the development and theoretical basis for the study of gender. It examines
definitions, concepts, and symbolic representations of gender. It focuses on gender inequalities in
the global and African social contexts with specific examples from both developed and developing
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countries. It emphasizes arguments for fundamental changes in gender relations with regard to
social, educational, political and economic institutions.
SOWK 442: Social Gerontology

This course introduces students to theories of aging and the myths and stereotypes associated with
ageing in cross-cultural settings. It examines the demography of aging, gender and aging,
psychological and physical aspects of aging and economic determinants of aging. The course
equips students with skills in identifying elder abuse, planning and delivery of services and
resources to older persons and their families. Issues relating to work and retirement and policy
response to aging in Africa will be discussed.
SOWK 443: Industrial and Labour Relations

This course introduces students to theory and practice of industrial relations. It examines the
concept and principles of industrial and labour relations and discusses the role of participants in
industrial relations. The course emphasises the work of labour unions, the nature and management
of industrial conflict. Students will be introduced to the relevance of the Labour Act, 2003 (ACT
651) and its implications for industrial and labour relations.
SOWK 444: Problems of Rehabilitation

This course focuses on prejudice, discrimination and stigmatization of people with disabilities,
convicts, ex-convicts, addicts among others. It examines the influence of cultural beliefs and
practices on rehabilitation. It discusses the challenges encountered by institutions of rehabilitation
and social work roles within these institutions.
SOWK 445: Theories of Rehabilitation

The course exposes students to the various theories of rehabilitation to enable them have a
comprehensive knowledge of the concept of rehabilitation. The course outlines the history and
cross-cultural status of people in need of rehabilitation. It examines the concept of disability,
processes of rehabilitation, equalisation of opportunities, conventional and community-based
rehabilitation.
SOWK 446: Working with People in Need of Protection

The course is designed for students to gain insight into circumstances that lead people to situations
where they need protection. It examines basic human needs, societal responses and arrangements
for meeting those needs. It also emphasises the impact and implications of deprivations on the
individual, family, community and society. Laws such as Human Trafficking Act, Juvenile Justice
Act, Children’s Act, Persons with Disability Act, among others are discussed in this course.
Attention is also paid to policies and programmes for the protection and welfare of categories of
people in need of protection...
SOWK 448: Concurrent Fieldwork (One Semester)

This course provides students with the opportunity to practice their skills in working with
therapeutic groups. Concurrent fieldwork begins with the commencement of the first semester of
Level 400 and ends with the inter-semester break. The placement is for a period of 13 weeks.
Students are expected to work for two days in a week and a minimum of 4 hours each day. This
implies that throughout the semester students are required to be undergoing field work
concurrently with lectures. Unlike the long vacation fieldwork which exposes students to methods
of working with individuals and communities, the purpose of concurrent fieldwork is to expose
students to working with therapeutic groups. They are expected to attend group meetings, observe,
discuss and interview members and assist them to achieve their desired objectives or goals.
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COLLEGE OF EDUCATION
SCHOOL OF CONTINUING AND DISTANCE EDUCATION
The School of Continuing and Distance Education was established as the Department of Extra-
Mural Studies in 1948 as the main extension wing of the then University College of the Gold
Coast. As an extramural department, it carried the University's presence and standards into cities,
towns, villages, and communities of the country. In the early 1960s, it became the Institute of
Public Education till l966 when it was re-named the Institute of Adult Education. This name
change led to the introduction and teaching of Adult Education as a discipline for the award of
Certificates, Diplomas, Masters (MA/MPhil) and Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) degrees. Recently,
the Institute went through another name change by adopting the Institute of Continuing and
Distance Education to reflect global trends in higher education where the focus now is on lifelong
and distance learning. To become a centre of excellence, the Institute has been pursuing the three
core functions of teaching, research and extension. It continues to promote teaching through the
introduction of Sandwich Programmes at the Diploma and Master’s degree levels and a new
Bachelor of Arts (BA) degree which began in the 2010/2011 academic year. The Institute houses
the University of Ghana's Distance Education (DE) Programme which has, indeed, enabled the
University to extend its rich culture of teaching, learning, and research to 12 Regional Centres
scattered throughout the country. Students do not have to leave their jobs and/or families since
they can earn their degrees through the use of Distance Learning modules and minimal face-to-
face interaction. The Institute operates with 19 teaching faculty and 165 non-teaching staff.
PROGRAMME STRUCTURE
LEVEL 100
FIRST SEMESTER
*UGRC 141-146 Science and Technology in Our Lives 3
ADLT 101 Introduction to Adult Education 3
SUBJECT B 3
SUBJECT C 3
SECOND SEMESTER
*UGRC 141-146 Science and Technology in Our Lives 3
ADLT 102 Introduction to Community Education 3
SUBJECT B 3
SUBJECT C 3
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PROGRAMME STRUCTURE
LEVEL 200
FIRST SEMESTER
ADLT 201 SUBJECT A (: Theories of Adult Learning) 3
ADLT 203 SUBJECT A (Psychology of the Adult Learner) 3
SUBJECT B 3
SUBJECT B 3
SECOND SEMESTER
ADLT 202 SUBJECT A (Communication in Adult Education) 3
ADLT 204 SUBJECT A (Management of Adult Education 3
Organizations)
SUBJECT B 3
SUBJECT B 3
PROGRAMME STRUCTURE
LEVEL 300
FIRST SEMESTER
Major – 4 Courses – 12 Credits 12
Minor – 1 Course – 3 Credits 3
Total 15
SECOND SEMESTER
Major – 4 Courses – 12 Credits 12
Minor – 1 Course – 3 Credits 3
LEVEL 400
FIRST SEMESTER
5 Courses (3 credits each) 15
SECOND SEMESTER
5 Courses (3 credits each) 15
Summary
Year 1 – 30 Credits
Year 4 – 30 Credits Total – 120 Credits
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COURSE DESCRIPTIONS
LEVEL 100
First Semester
ADLT 101: Introduction to Adult Education
This course introduces students to the concepts, purpose and scope of adult education.
Philosophical traditions of Adult Education and challenges to adult education in the 21 st century
will be looked at. The course will also cover traditional adult education in Ghana, the emergence
of modern adult education in Ghana during the pre-independence and post-independence periods.
Second Semester
ADLT 102: Introduction to Community Education and Development
The course introduces students to the concepts, scope and practice of community education and
development. It will look at models and typologies of community education practice. Students
will be exposed to the history, approaches and the components of community education and
development in Ghana. This course will also examine the role of the adult educator as a change
agent in the community and activities he/she performs. Special attention would be paid to issues
relating to rural development.
LEVEL 200
First Semester
ADLT 201: Theories of Adult Learning
This course deals with the psychology of learning and its application to adult learning and
teaching. It covers various types of learning such as classical, instrumental, observational and
cognitive learning. Models of adult learning, including McClusky’s differential psychology of
adult potential, Knowles’ andragogical assumptions underlying adult learning, Knox’s proficiency
theory and Jarvis learning process, will also be examined.
ADLT 203: Psychology of the Adult Learner

This course deals with issues in adult psychology. It will discuss some of the major characteristics
of adult learners emphasizing changes adults undergo as they mature (social, psychological and
physiological) and the implications of these changes for adult teaching and learning. The concept
and theories of motivation in the context of adult learning will be explored.
Second Semester
ADLT 202: Communication in Adult Education
The course examines the concepts, theories and processes of communication. The Shannon,
Weaver and Schramm models will be the basis for discussing methods of planning effective oral
and verbal communication. It will deal with barriers to interpersonal and mass communication.
Students will be exposed to the modern trends in ICT such as the use of computers for processing
information, email, telecommunication, tele-conferencing and video-conferencing and their
implications for adult education.
ADLT 204: Management of Adult Education Organizations

Students will be exposed to the basic ideas in the nature, times, activities, theories and practice of
adult education management in Ghana. The key components of this course are an introduction to
management theory – definitions, interpretations and processes of management such as
bureaucracy and professionalism in adult education, systems approach to management theory,
organizational vision and mission, management in practice – planning, organising and control,
leadership and motivational techniques. Aspects such as policy, decision making, marketing
choice of technology and personnel management will be covered.
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LEVEL 300
First Semester
CORE
ADLT 301: Research Methods
The course provides students with the requisite skills to conduct educational research. Topics to be
covered include meaning of research, sources of knowing, purpose of research and relationship
between science and research. The course will also cover types of research (qualitative and
quantitative), variables, research process, sampling techniques and design. Measurements and their
application to educational research will be examined. Research proposal writing and how to
communicate research findings will be discussed.
ADLT 303: Adult Teaching and Delivery Methods

The course introduces students to the various teaching methods employed in adult learning
encounters. It will include the dialogical and experiential methods, panel discussion, symposium,
lecture demonstration, presentation techniques and class management, tutor-led discussions, tutor-
led seminars, learning cells, hand outs and guided reading and cooperative projects.
ADLT 305: Programme Development in Adult Education

The course is designed to assist students to develop educational programmes for adults. It will
focus on key concepts such as needs assessment, goal setting and objective determination,
development of programme indicators, programme implementation, monitoring and evaluation of
programme outcomes.
ELECTIVES
ADLT 307: Adult Literacy and Development
The course will expose students to how literacy contributes to development. It will cover the
concepts of literacy and development; national and global situations and implications; Linkages
between literacy and development; facilitating development through literacy and overview of
literacy projects in Ghana. Students are expected to make a detailed presentation of a case study.
ADLT 309: Community Entry Techniques

The course is to provide students with the knowledge and skills to facilitate entry into
communities. Approaches to community entry, and the role of gatekeepers, participation of
internal and external agents in the community, role identification, local politics as well as conflict
will be discussed.
ADLT 311: Counselling in Adult Education

The course is designed to offer both a theoretical and practical orientation to counseling in adult
education settings. Topics to be covered include the nature and concept of counseling, counseling
as a helping relationship, philosophical assumptions of counseling, the counseling process,
theories of counseling and their applicability to specific situations, the techniques and problems of
counseling and ethical issues in counseling.
ADLT 313: Community Mobilization

The course is designed to provide students with knowledge in community mobilization skills,
beginning with definition and features of mobilization. Different approaches to mobilization and
integration, community ownership and management strategies would be discussed. The course
will also focus on human, physical and financial resource mobilization in the community.
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ADLT 315: Literacy Approaches
The course will examine various approaches to teaching literacy; Approaches such as Laubach,
Freirean and Reflect will be studied. The underlying philosophies of each of these approaches,
their advantages and disadvantages will be discussed
ADLT 317: Introduction to Peace Studies

The course outlines contemporary issues affecting global peace and their effects on economies and
politics of developing countries. It will also examine efforts by governments, local communities in
bringing about peace in the affected areas and communities. Students will be introduced to
different forms of peace and violence and how they affect individual and societal development.
ADLT 319: Introduction to Distance Education

The course will cover the concept and definition of distance education and related terms, rational
and historical perspectives, theoretical foundations, organizational models, choice of media and
media applications, quality assurance, course development and student support services
ADLT 321: Adult Education and Society

This course is intended to introduce students to constituents of society – culture and its
components; social structures, social groups and socialization. Topics such as group dynamics, the
family, ethnicity, race and gender inequalities will be covered. The interaction between Adult
Educator and constituents of the society will be discussed.
ADLT 323: Historical Foundations of Adult Education

The course is intended to equip the student with knowledge of the beginnings and growth of adult
education as a field of study and practice. It will also examine the evolution of educational
programmes for workers in some selected countries such as the UK, the US, Germany, Denmark
and Ghana.
Second Semester
CORE
ADLT 302: Data Organisation and Analysis
This is a continuation of ADLT 301. It emphasizes organization of data including editing, coding
and presentation of tables and graphs. The course will introduce students to quantitative and
qualitative data analyses. It will also introduce students to the logic of statistical techniques and
their correct application and interpretation as well as computational procedures.
ADLT 304: Facilitation Methods in Adult Education

The course is designed to equip students with the various methods of facilitation. Topics to be
discussed include definitions – facilitation, participatory learning, facilitator as well as
participation, ownership and sustainability, the concept of action learning, planning the learning
environment, stages of facilitation – the dialogical process of Freire, facilitation and presentation
techniques and methods, visualization as a tool for gathering, documentation and sharing of
information - materials design and preparation, choice and use of multi-media methods – cards
and pin boards, demonstrations, role plays, drama, poetry, stories, riddles, songs, skits and
sketches and audio-visual materials and teams at work
ADLT 306: Human Resource Development and Management

The purpose of the course is to expose students to the basic concepts and methods in human
resource development. The course will discuss, among other topics, the evolution of the concept
of human resource development, education and training, job analysis and training needs
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assessment, staff orientation and induction, counselling, motivation, placement and staff appraisal
procedures. Students will also be introduced to the legal and policy frameworks for human
resource management in Ghana
ELECTIVES
ADLT 308: Working with People in their Communities
The course is to introduce students to issues affecting communities and their well being. They
will develop skills, knowledge, and attitudes required to work effectively in a variety of
community settings to help identify and solve problems. They will also develop community entry
and variety of participatory techniques and guidelines for developing community profiles; explore
stages in the development of community groups and group activities; social planning and effective
leadership in relation to communities and their organization. Issues related to project transition and
termination will also form part of the course.
ADLT 312: Citizenship Education and Governance

The focus of this course will be on civic education for citizenship and democratic governance. The
essence is to build in students the knowledge and skills that are required for constructive
engagement of citizens in a democratic civil society and government. Students will thus be
introduced to the concepts of citizenship, rights and responsibilities, democratic-governance;
economic, political and administrative systems. Students will thereafter be exposed to the purpose,
nature/components and challenges posed to citizenship education in Ghana.
ADLT 314: Introduction to Conflict Resolution

Students will be exposed to the causes and types of conflict and how they affect relationships
within family, community and society. They will study theories of conflicts, conflict spectrum,
tools of conflict analysis and how to resolve conflict at its various levels of development
ADLT 316: Community Psychology

This course provides further insight into the concept of community and the problems a sense of
community generates sometimes. It will equip students with the psychological base to analyze
some of the problems with the view of exploring the types of psychological and social support
needed for preventing as well as solving them.
ADLT 318: Media in Distance Education

The course examines the various media technologies available in the past and modern times and
their importance to distance learning delivery. It will further examine the factors and
circumstances that influence their adoption to distance education.
ADLT 322: Instructional Design in Distance Education

Students will be introduced to the principles of instructional design in Distance Education. It will
cover course planning and sequencing of course units; characteristics of good Distance Education
materials. The course will further bring students to discuss the advantages and disadvantages of
instructional design in distance learning and strategies adopted to bridge the gap between distance
and face to face learning.
ADLT 324: Adult Education in West Africa

The purpose of this course is to expose students to different practices in adult education in West
Africa. Adult education in Francophone countries such as Cote d’ Ivoire, Benin Republic, Burkina
Faso and Anglophone countries of Nigeria, Sierra Leone and Liberia will be studied.
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ADLT 326: Gender and Development
The course will expose students to the evolution of the concept of gender and gender relations. It
will examine key gender concepts and strengthen students’ analytical skills on gender issues.
Topics to be covered include, gender and development theories and approaches, gender inequality
and equity, gender human rights and governance, women and the economy, gender and health.
The course will explore the application of adult education to gender issues in Ghana.
ADLT 328: Adult Education in Practice

The purpose of this course is to examine the current state of adult education in Ghana. Various
factors, which influence the practice, will be explored. The focus will be on the structure and role
of providers, contents of their programmes and the effects of their activities on society.
ADLT 330: Social Context of Adult Education in Ghana

The course examines the social institutions that influence the content and practice of adult
education in Ghana. Issues such as poverty, gender, environment, attitudes and government
policies will be explored. The implications of social change for adult education will also be
examined.
ADLT 332: Introduction to Social Gerontology

This course will deal with methodological and theoretical issues in research on aging. An analysis
of the demography of aging will provide an insight into the changing age structure and its
relevance to adult education practice in Ghana. It will also do a critical analysis of selected
theories of aging (micro and macro theories) and the extent to which prevailing social and cultural
system in Ghana contributes to successful or unsuccessful aging. The course will also examine the
historical, biological, social and psychological perspectives of aging and their implications for
adult learning and teaching.
LEVEL 400
First Semester
CORE
ADLT 401: Monitoring and Evaluation of Adult Education Programmes
This course is designed to assist students to understand the models of evaluation and processes for
monitoring and assessing programme outcomes. It exposes students to the systematic approach to
programme evaluation including techniques for collecting information and providing feedback on
operations and results.
ADLT 403: Continuing Education in Practice

The course will inform students on the practice of continuing education. Students will examine the
definition, and purpose of continuing education, structures for continuing education, personnel in
continuing education, continuing education programmes (part-time degree, sandwich programmes,
professional studies, liberal and general studies), community development and voluntary services.
Participants in continuing education, facilitators and learners in continuing education will also be
discussed. Professional functions in continuing education (programme development,
administration, counseling and instruction) will also be studied.
ADLT 409: Curriculum Development in Adult Education

Curriculum theory and its application to adult education will be explored. Topics to be covered
include definition of terms and concepts, related educational terms as well as aims, goals and
objectives of a curriculum. Students will also learn how to design, implement and evaluate a
curriculum. Students would be required to study and report on an identified adult curriculum.
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ADLT 410: Practicum
The course provides students the opportunity to apply their knowledge, skills and attitudes
acquired. Every student will be expected to do a practical work in a rural community or in any
adult education organisation of their choice during the long vacation, at the end of the second
semester of Level 300. A report of activities shall be presented at the beginning of the first
semester of Level 400. Assessment report to be submitted on students by Resident Tutors will
also form part of course evaluation.
ELECTIVES
ADLT 405: Adult Education and Special Groups
The course is designed to help students develop an appreciation of the social, economic and
psychological circumstances of special groups existing in Ghana. It will examine societal attitudes
and prejudices against special groups and discuss strategies by which adult education could
address the challenges confronting these groups.
ADLT 407: Workplace Education and Training

The course will introduce students to the provision of education and training at the workplace. It
will focus on issues such as leadership styles at the work place and the types of communication,
decision – making processes, employee motivation strategies and appropriate handling of labour
related issues. Students will pay visits to workplaces as part of the course and report on their
observations.
ADLT 411: Tutoring in Distance Education

The course will examine role of the tutor and discuss the guidelines of a good tutor. Students will
be equipped with knowledge and skill in academic instruction and coaching, academic facilitation,
and academic assessment. Issues on maintaining supportive communication with learners,
administrative record keeping and communication with administrative staff will be addressed.
ADLT 413: Training Materials Development

The course provides basic knowledge and skills for students to produce appropriate training
materials such as flip charts, billboards, films, documentaries, gallery displays and drama. Topics
to be covered include defining target audiences, determining audience information needs, the
design and development of messages, media choice, pre-testing and revision, printing and
dissemination and trends in the use of computer-assisted audiovisual materials.
ADLT 415: Family Conflicts and Violence

The course is to help students get an idea of how conflicts develop and manifest within family
relations. It will examine specific family conflicts in the context of marital situation - between
spouses, parents with young children, adolescents, child-mothers, step and blended families. It will
analyse destructive and constructive conflict processes in the family and look at strategies for non-
violence in the family.
ADLT 417: Leadership Studies

The course is designed to introduce students to theories and practices of leadership. The meaning
of and importance of leadership; nature and sources of leadership power and leadership models
will be studied. Roles and characteristics/traits of successful leadership and leadership structures
in Ghanaian communities will be analyzed. Problems and challenges of leadership in the Ghanaian
setting and their implications for Adult Education will be examined.
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ADLT 419: Training of Trainers and Facilitation in Literacy
This course is a continuation of course ADLT 315. Students will be taken through the practice of
the approaches, earlier discussed, in training sessions. Skills for the development of literacy
materials to facilitate literacy programmes will also be taught.
ADLT 421: Managing Adult Education Programmes

This course is a follow-up to ADLT 203. It focuses on programme implementation processes. It
will include the development of work plans, resource mobilization and allocation, social
marketing, programme control mechanisms and participation of stakeholders in programme
activities.
ADLT 423: Current Issues in Adult Education

As an inter-disciplinary course, it will explore current global social, political and economic issues
and their implications for adult education. Such topics as human rights, peace initiatives,
environment, poverty, urbanization, migration and the UN agenda on development will form the
basis of the study.
Second Semester
CORE
ADLT 402: Workshop Design and Management
The course will provide students with knowledge, skills and attitudes required to successfully
organize and facilitate training workshops. Students will learn the basic concepts and principles of
workshop design and management. They will be taken through topics like workshop/training
cycle; design, planning and management; identification of training themes and objectives; training
session design and management; participatory skills; facilitation and delivery methods; material
and equipment preparation and use; and follow-up activities. Students will also be taken through
practical sessions.
ADLT 404: Organizational Development in Adult Education

This course is a follow-up to ADLT 204 and is meant to introduce students to the techniques and
methods of facilitating and managing change within the adult education organization. The focus
will be on issues such as analysis of the organization’s environment, approaches to organizational
assessment, determinants of change, intervention strategies, managing resistance, the design and
implementation of an organizational development plan.
ADLT 420: Project Work

This course will enable students to identify a societal/community problem and design an
appropriate adult education intervention strategy and implement it in the identified community. A
report of between five thousand and six thousand words on the activities, is to be submitted to the
Institute at the end of the second semester. An evaluation of the report will be done against the
intervention proposal.
ELECTIVE COURSES
ADLT 406: Management and Administration of Distance Education Programmes
The course will take students through the processes of administering distance education
programmes. Specifically, they will be exposed to course co-ordination, record keeping,
promotion of study group formation, pre and post course promotion and tutor training and
orientation. The course also looks at management in the context of higher education and distance
learning. Finally it will look at the management of specific distance education institutions in
Ghana
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ADLT 408: NGOs in Development Work
The course provides an overview of the concepts of development, poverty, participation and
voluntary organizations. Emphasis will be placed on the history of voluntary organizations and
classification of NGOs. It will discuss the comparative advantage of NGOs and their relationships
with governments. The course will also examine challenges confronting NGOs in Ghana in terms
of the application of advocacy tools, accountability, fund-raising and management
ADLT 412: Comparative Studies in Adult Education

This course is designed to enable students appreciate different concepts and practices of Adult
Education around the globe. It will cover the concepts and practices of adult education in some
selected countries in Africa and elsewhere. Students should examine the relevance of these
approaches in promoting Adult Education in Ghana.
ADLT 414: Sustainable Development and Environmental Issues

The focus of the course is to enable students to understand the concept of sustainable
development. Environmental issues affecting sustainable development in Ghana and the world
will be addressed. Topics such as sanitation and waste management, desertification, wild fire,
water and air pollution and loss of wild lands and their implications for adult education will be
examined.
ADLT 416: HIV/AIDS Education and Management

The course will provide students with the basic knowledge on how education and management
strategies could be used to reduce the spread of HIV/AIDS. Topics to be covered include origins
of HIV and AIDS, signs and symptoms, global statistics, epidemiology in Ghana, harmful risk
behaviours, stigma and discrimination and the impact of the disease on family, community and
society. Educational strategies such as peer education, counselling, behavioural change
communication and use of multi-media approaches and management of the disease through good
nutrition and access to anti-retroviral drugs will be covered.
ADLT 418: Mediation and Negotiation Skills in Conflict Resolution

The course will equip students with skills for conflict resolution. It will examine the theory of
negotiation including negotiation, contextual factors, agreement implementation and follow up
multilateral negotiation and third party intervention. It will also examine some of the traditional
ways of mediation and negotiation in conflicts. Some case studies will be used in explaining the
topic.
ADLT 422: Population Education

The course examines the population problem facing the world with particular emphasis on Ghana.
Students are to examine population policies of Ghana and the developing world. The various
educational areas for population education such as fertility regulation, sex and sexuality,
reproductive health, and family life education will be examined. The use of information, education
and communication techniques in population education (IEC) will be studied
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DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION STUDIES
The Department of Information Studies evolved from the Ghana Library School in 1961, became
the Department of Library Studies in 1965 and was in 1975 renamed the Department of Library
and Archival Studies. In the year 2000, following the restructuring of its curriculum, the
Department became the Department of Information Studies. The mission of the Department of
Information Studies is to develop world-class human resources and capabilities to harness
information for national development, and to provide added value and competitive advantage
through quality teaching, learning, research and knowledge dissemination.
PROGRAMME STRUCTURE
LEVEL 100
First Semester
INFS 111 Information in Society 3
Second Semester
INFS 112 Introduction to Information Management 3
PROGRAMME STRUCTURE
LEVEL 200
First Semester
INFS 211 Introduction to Information Technology 3
INFS 213 Information Management 3
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Second Semester
INFS 212 Principles of Management 3
INFS 214 Introduction to Computing 3
*Note: Students to choose UGRC 210 or UGRC 220-238 (3 credits)
LEVEL 300
Major Students
Each student will take a minimum of three (3) core courses and at least one (1) elective course in
the first semester, and a minimum of three (3) core courses and at least one (1) elective course in
the second semester.
Combined Major Student

A combined major student will take two (2) courses per semester and a minimum of one (1)
elective either in the first semester or the second semester.
PROGRAMME STRUCTURE
First Semester
INFS 321 Information Sources (core) 3
INFS 323 Research Methods (core) 3
INFS 325 Public Relations (core) 3
Any One Elective Course (3 credits)
INFS 329 Database Management 3
INFS 327 Information Services and User Studies 3
INFS 331 Records Management 3
Other Subject Any ONE Course from the other assigned subjects/Dept 3
Second Semester
INFS 322 Theory and Practice of Classification (core) 3
INFS 324 Indexing and Abstracting (core) 3
INFS 328 System Analysis and Design (core) 3
Any One Elective Course (3 credits)
INFS 326 Collection Development 3
INFS 332 Introduction to Archives Administration 3
Other Subject Any ONE Course from the other assigned subjects/Dept 3
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LEVEL 400
Major Students
1. A major student writing a Long Essay will take two (2) core courses and at least two (2)
electives per semester.
2. A major student not writing a Long Essay will take two (2) core courses and at least three (3)
electives per semester.
Combined Major Student

A combined major student cannot write a Long Essay. Such a student will take two (2) core
courses per semester and a minimum of one (1) elective either in the first semester or the second
semester.
PROGRAMME STRUCTURE
First Semester
INFS 420 Long Essay
INFS 421 Automation of Information Systems (core) 3
INFS 423 Preservation of Information Resources (core) 3
Any one Elective Course (3 credits)

INFS 427 Automated Information Retrieval 3
INFS 429 Programming of Information Systems Application 3
INFS 431 Literature and Services for Children 3
Second Semester
INFS 420 Long Essay 6
INFS 422 Information Storage and Retrieval (core) 3
INFS 424 Marketing of Information Services (core) 3
Any one Elective Course (3 credits)
INFS 426 Introduction to Administrative History 3
INFS 428 Telecommunications and Information Network 3
INFS 432 Organisational Information Systems 3
COURSE DESCRIPTIONS
INFS 111: Information in Society

Topics to be treated in this course include types of information: the communication process;
communication in pre-literature societies; oral tradition; social, cultural and economic factors
affecting information: National Information Policies; the African information society initiative and
barriers to communication and information transfer.
INFS 112: Introduction to Information Management

The course will deal with Information and communication; information as a strategic resource;
information and structures – publishing; libraries, documentation, records and archives service; basic
principles of information storage, retrieval and dissemination, Information Technology impact,
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trends and constraints.
INFS 211: Introduction to Information Technology

Topics to be treated in this course include Computers and telecommunications concepts,
components and systems, Evolution and classification of computers, etc, Microcomputer
hardware devices, Information representation on computer devices, ASCII and other coding
methods, Operating system software, Application software, Networking of computers,
Telecommunications concepts and devices, Information technology applications and issues in
information centres in developing countries.
INFS 212: Principles of Management

The course will deal with the concept of management; principles of organisaton; styles of
management; decision-making; functions of management; communication; delegation and
motivation: problems of management in Africa.
INFS 213: Information Management

This course will explore Information needs and information gathering agencies in contemporary
society; Environmental and organisational factors in information provision, User needs and
behaviour and Legal and ethical issues in information management.
INFS 214: Introduction to Computing

The course will cover areas such as Computer software: classification, functions and use, operating
systems – DOS, Windows, Unix, Novell, etc, application software: word processing, spreadsheet,
graphics, etc. Practical use of application software and introduction to programming.
INFS 321: Information Sources

The course will focus on types and characteristics of information sources used in librarieand other
information agencies to provide services that assist in the location and use of information.
Examination and study of representative selection of information sources will also be dealt with.
INFS 322: Theory and Practice of Classification

This course will deal with the theory of knowledge and the history of classification; definition and
purpose of classification; Structure and use of the major classification schemes; major classification
schemes and practical classification
INFS 323: Research Methods

The course will deal with Introduction to research, types of research – survey, experimental,
historical, data collection instruments – questionnaires, interviews, observation, literature review;
data analysis, writing the research report and disseminating research results.
INFS 324: Indexing and Abstracting

The course will cover areas such as definition and purpose of indexing and the indexing process;
indexing languages, semantic and syntactic relations in indexing pre-co-ordinate and post-coordinate
indexing systems, Thesauri and their use, definition and purpose of abstracts, types of abstract, the
abstracting process and techniques for abstracting.
INFS 325: Public Relations

Areas to be covered in this course includes the concept of Public Relations (PR), the role of PR in
information management developing constituencies; Internal PR – Interpersonal relations,
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hierarchical relations, parallel relations, Staff/user relations, Impersonal Techniques, External PR –
Communicating with the community: Publicity and Public Relations, Institutional Publicity/Creating
public image, Organizational level publicity and Media and methods of publicity.
INFS 326: Collection Development

The focus of this course will be on the Selection of materials – definition and types, factors affecting
the selection of materials, responsibility for selection, selection tools, definition and types of
acquisition, Weeding of materials, library cooperation, computerised selection and acquisition.
INFS 327: Information Services and User Studies

The course will examine processes and techniques used in libraries and information centres to
provide services and assist in the location and use of information, Information users as individuals
and as members of groups, User needs assessment, monitoring information use behaviour patterns
and user satisfaction.
INFS 328: System Analysis and Design

This course deals with Information system concepts, Input, processing, storage and output,
Open/close systems, system/sub-system decomposition, etc, tools for systems analysis and design;
structure, flow and HIPO charts, etc, and System analysis and design case studies.
INFS 329: Database Management

The course will look at elements of a database system: entities, records, fields, files and indexes,
functions of database management systems (DBMS), practical use of DBMS, for creating, updating,
organizing and reporting data, design of forms, views and reports and introduction to programming
with a DBMS.
INFS 331: Records Management

Topics to be treated in the course includes the history and development of records management; the
components of records management from creation to disposition; development and implementation
of records management programmes, records control; infrastructure of records management system
and building a sound record keeping system.
INFS 332: Introduction to Archives Administration

The focus of this course will be on the theories and principles of archival acquisition, arrangement
and description, user services in archives and the archivist as manager.
INFS 333: School Libraries

Areas to be dealt with in this course include basic concepts of curriculum, the functions of the
library in the school curriculum, educational trends and their implications for school libraries,
Standards for school library provision, management, organisation and development of school library
resources and services, design, implementation and evaluation of school library programmes.
INFS 334: Publishing and the Booktrade

In this course we will explore the history of printing and publishing; the writer, publisher and
bookseller; reasons and functions of book provision; legal aspects of publishing; literacy in the
African context; reading habits in Africa; the publishing industry in Ghana; publishing inter-
relationships; marketing and book promotion.
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INFS 420: Long Essay
research -based study on a topic approved by the Department on the basis of which they will write
INFS 421: Automation of Information Systems

This course will dealt with definitions of automation, information technology and information
systems, reasons history and evolution of automation in organizations and information centres,
feasibility of automation: technical, economical, and other factors, Case studies of automated
information systems, automated system planning and implementation: stages, processes and issues
and System development life cycle. Other topics include proposals –requesting, writing, evaluating;
costing and budgeting; software acquisition, development and evaluation; project management and
automation problems and prospects in developing countries.
INFS 422: Information Storage and Retrieval

Areas to be covered under this course include principles and objectives of information storage and
retrieval systems; types of storage and retrieval systems – manual and automated systems, factors
that influence storage and retrieval systems – space/storage equipment, retrieval tools; measurement
of retrieval – Relevance, recall and precision.
INFS 423: Preservation of Information Resources

The course will look at types of information resources; the nature and characteristics of
documentary materials; the agents of deterioration; collection care – Preventive; storage
environment control; handling of documents; microfilming and digitization.
INFS 424: Marketing of Information Services

The course includes philosophy of planning and planning strategies, the nature of marketing:
Introduction to marketing concept, assessing needs and capabilities: the marketing and strategies
audit, collecting and using appropriate data, product development and distribution, marketing
communication: product publicity and promotion and evaluation
INFS 426: Introduction to Administrative History

This course will trace the evolution of the machinery of Government from the colonial era till
independence. The establishment and growth of Departments of Central Government and the
implications for records and archives administration will also be considered.
INFS 427: Automated Information Retrieval

This course will deal with types of information retrieval: manual/automated, fact/information, etc,
types of data and data storage in computerized information retrieval systems, types of
computerized databases: online catalogues, online databases, CD-ROM and Internet sites,
Computer interfaces: menu, form, command and hypetext, Searching computerized databases;
skills, behaviours, strategies and tactics, and practical searching of computerized databases.
INFS 428: Telecommunications and Information Network

We will examine Computer networks: Ring, star, bus, etc, Communications media: twisted pair,
coaxial, fibre optic, aerial channels, etc. Signal transmission methods, Communications equipment
and devices, Communications protocols, LAN, WAN, Internet, Internet resources and services.
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INFS 429: Programming of Information Centre Applications
The course will look at the types and evolution programming languages, programming concepts and
methodologies: structured design, program control structures, structure and flow charts, pseudocode,
etc, data processing requirements in archives, libraries and other information centres and the practical
use of a programming language for data processing applications in information centres.
INFS 431: Literature and Services for Children

The course will look at the importance of providing children’s literature and services, the need
for developing reading habits, Characteristics of children at the various stages of growth, Selection
of materials for children, Development of children’s literature in Ghana, Reading promotion and
the development of children’s services in Ghana
INFS 432: Organizational Information Systems

The course will examine the nature and structure of organizations, formal and information
communication systems and methods in organizations, types of organizational information, the role
of humans, documents and computers, types of organizational information sub-systems: transactions
processing systems, management information systems, decision support systems, R&D systems,
Records Management Systems, Library systems, etc and Organizational information audits and
policies.
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COURSES FROM COLLEGE OF BASIC AND APPLIED
SCIENCES
DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE
INTRODUCTION
This is the Information Technology age and at its core is Computer Science. The study of
computer science is therefore critical if society is to take full advantage of the benefits Information
Technology has to offer and make rapid economic advances. Computer science involves the study
and development of applications that allow for our everyday use of computers, the software
systems that support these applications, and the means and methods used to produce both
applications and systems that behave reliably, correctly and ethically. At the heart of Computer
Science lies the skill of computer programming and employers who hire Computer Scientists
expect adept programmers with knowledge of current techniques and tools and the ability to apply
sound engineering principles to the development, construction and maintenance of computer
programs. The range of courses available in the department and the skills acquired by students
enable them to find employment in many diverse fields of the economy and prepare our graduates
for the computing industry, working in a project team (or research and development team), and to
enable the graduate to bring specialist skills to that team. The course also provides the platform for
further study or research through exposure to established and emerging technologies and methods,
and to active fields of research in Computer Science.
The department offers two undergraduate degree programmes, Bachelor of Science in computer
science Single-Major (3:2:1:1) and Major-Minor (3:2:2:1) as well as Bachelor of Science in
information technology.
To qualify for admission into Computer Science programmes at Level 200, candidates must have
taken the following courses at Level 100:
MATH 121: Algebra and Trigonometry
MATH 122: Calculus I
CSCD 101: Introduction to Computer Science I
CSCD 102: Introduction to Computer Science II
Every student in the department of Computer Science must own his or her own laptop. Students
should consult the Department for the appropriate specification.
PROGRAMME STRUCTURE
SINGLE MAJOR IN COMPUTER SCIENCE
LEVEL 200
SEMESTER I
Core
CSCD 201 Information Systems 3
MATH 223 Calculus II 3
CSCD 205 Programming I (with C++) 3
CSCD 211 Computer Organization and Architecture 3
CSCD 207 Numerical Methods 3
Total 18
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SEMESTER II
Core
Code Title Credits
CSCD 202 Programming II ( Java ) 3
CSCD 216 Data Structures & Algorithms 3
CSCD 218 Data Communications & Networking I 3
CSCD 212 Computer Ethics 1
CSCD 214 Digital Electronics 2
Electives (Select 3 credits)
MATH 224 Introductory Abstract Algebra 3
MATH 226 Introductory Computational Mathematics 3
Total 18
LEVEL 300
SEMESTER I
Core
Code Title Credits
CSCD 301 Object Oriented Analysis & Design 3
MATH 355 Discrete Mathematics 3
CSCD 311 Web Technologies & Development 3
CSCD 313 Database Management Systems 3
CSCD 315 Operating Systems 3
CSCD 317 Embedded Systems 3
CSCD 319 Computer Vision 3
CSCD 321 Introduction to Computer Graphics 3
Total 18
SEMESTER II
Core
Code Title Credits
CSCD 302 Programming III ( VB .NET ) 3
CSCD 304 Design and Analysis of Algorithms 3
CSCD 306 Software Engineering 3
CSCD 312 Introduction to Artificial Intelligence 3
CSCD 314 Research Methods in Computing 3
CSCD 316 Introduction to Robotics 3
CSCD 318 Introduction to Parallel Computing 3
CSCD 322 Advanced Web Technologies 3
Total 18
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LEVEL 400
SEMESTER I
Core
Code Title Credits
CSCD 415 Compilers 3
CSCD 417 Theory and Survey of Programming Languages 3
CSCD 419 Formal Methods and Models 3
CSCD 421 Accounting Principles in Computing 3
CSCD 400 Project 3
CSCD 423 Software Modeling and Simulation 3
CSCD 409 Data Mining & Warehousing 3
CSCD 427 Data Communication & Networking II 3
Total 18
SEMESTER II
Core
Code Title Credits
CSCD 416 System Programming 3
CSCD 418 Computer Systems Security 3
CSCD 422 Human Computer Interaction 3
CSCD 424 Management Principles in Computing 3
CSCD 400 Project 3
CSCD 426 Multimedia Applications 3
CSCD 428 Expert Systems 3
CSCD 432 Concurrent & Distributed Systems 3
CSCD 434 Mobile Computing 3
Total 18
MAJOR-MINOR IN COMPUTER SCIENCE

Students may only offer a minor in Computer Science and a Major in another subject and
will select the appropriate number credits from the listed courses. They do not register any
credits at level 400 but may opt to do their project in the department.
LEVEL 200
SEMESTER I
Core
Code Title Credits
CSCD 205 Programming I ( with C ++) 3
CSCD 211 Computer Organization and Architecture 3
CSCD 207 Numerical Methods 3
Total 12
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SEMESTER II
Core
Code Title Credits
CSCD 202 Programming II ( with Java) 3
CSCD 216 Data Structures & Algorithms 3
CSCD 218 Data Communication & Networking I 3
Total 12
LEVEL 300
SEMESTER I
Core
Code Title Credits
CSCD 301 Object Oriented Analysis & Design 3
CSCD 311 Web Technologies & Development 3
CSCD 313 Database Management Systems 3
Total 12
SEMESTER II
Core
Code Title Credits
CSCD 302 Programming III (with VB .NET) 3
CSCD 306 Software Engineering 3
CSCD 312 Introduction to Artificial Intelligence 3
Total 12
LEVEL 400
SEMESTER I
Core
Code Title Credits
CSCD 400 Project 3
Total 18
SEMESTER II
Core
Code Title Credits
CSCD 400 Project 3
Total 18
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COURSE DESCRIPTIONS
CSCD 101 Introduction to Computer Science I 3 CREDITS

An introduction to computers and how they work. Types and Historical Development of
Computers. Number systems: binary, octal, hexadecimal, integer and fractional representations,
Signed and Unsigned numbers, 1’s complement, 2’s complement and Arithmetic Overflows.
Integer and floating point arithmetic (IEEE standard 754 Floating point Formats). Data
Representation and Manipulation: Bits, bytes and words: Logic operations and Logic gates
applications. The Central Processor: its main elements and their functions. Machine organization:
ALU, registers, main memory, fetch/decode/execute cycle, machine language design and usage,
Input/Output devices. The concept of a Computer Program: the use of algorithms and flowcharts.
CSCD 102 Introduction to Computer Science II 3 CREDITS

This course is to introduce the students to fundamental programming concepts. It will focus on an
ability to use procedural programming language concepts including input/output, simple data
types, expressions, control structures – selection and loop constructs, Boolean logic, and
procedures. Revision of algorithms and flowcharts and interpretation of simple pseudo codes.
Programming languages, Compilers and interpreters. Computer Networks: The Internet and
TCP/IP protocols. Practical applications of switching theory: logic elements, Boolean algebra
and Number systems; Laboratory work on basic discrete and peripheral components of a
computer system. Identifying and selecting the various hardware components like the hard disk,
motherboard, memories, etc. for a computer system. General overview of system software,
programming languages and application software (the use of computers for data processing
and generating information). Operating system - importance, characteristics and types.
CSCD 201 Information Systems (IS) 3 CREDITS

Differentiating IS from Related Disciplines; Types of information systems: Transaction
processing, Systems (TPS), Management Information Systems (MIS), Executive Information
Systems (EIS), Decision Support Systems (DSS), Expert Systems (ES), etc Information
systems development; Foundations of Information Systems in Business, Competing with
Information Technology, Computer Hardware, Computer Software; Data Resource Management;
Telecommunications and Networks; Electronic Business systems; Electronic Commerce Systems;
Decision Support Systems.
CSCD 202 Programming II (with Java) 3 CREDITS

This course teaches the fundamental ideas behind the object-oriented approach to programming
through the widely-used Java programming language. Concentrating on aspects of Java that best
demonstrate object-oriented principles and good practice, students will gain solid basis for further
study of the Java language, and other object-oriented software development. Students will be able
to grasp concepts of problem-solving and programming. Control statements, methods, and arrays
before learning to create classes. Introduction to graphical user interface, exception handling, I/O,
and data structures.
CSCD 205 Programming I (with C ++) 3 CREDITS

This course will provide in-depth study of software design and implementation using a modern,
object-oriented language with support for graphical user interfaces and complex data structures.
Topics covered will be specifications, design patterns, and abstraction techniques, including
typing, access control, inheritance, and polymorphism. Students will learn the proper engineering
use of techniques such as information hiding, classes, objects, inheritance, exception handling,
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event-based systems, and concurrency. Students will use C++ to implement the basic concepts in
object-oriented programming (OOP). Topics include: the OOP programming paradigm including
analysis and design; a survey of related languages; data hiding and encapsulation; inheritance; and
polymorphism.
CSCD 207 Numerical Methods 3 CREDITS

This course will study iterative methods for solving nonlinear equations; direct and iterative
methods for solving linear systems; approximations of functions, derivatives, and integrals; error
analysis. The course will take students through solving numerical algebraic and transcendental
equations, bisection methods, false position method, Newton Raphson method, Successive
approximation method, Simultaneous linear algebraic equations, Gauss elimination method,
Jacobi method, Pivotal condensation, Gauss seidal, Gauss Jordan, Eigen Values and Eigen
Vectors, Numerical differentiation, Newton’s forward and Backward difference formulae.
Integration, Trapezoidal rule, simpson’s one third rule, Newton’s three eighth rule. Solutions of
differential equations, Tailor’s series, Euler’s series, Euler’s methods, predictor, corrector method,
runge-Kutta method.
CSCD 211 Computer Organization and Architecture 3 CREDITS

This course will study topics such as : Computer system specification ; Performance issues ;
Instruction set selection ; ALU design ; Architecture design ; Data path selection ; Control systems
; Single and multiple clocks Pipelines ; Memory hierarchy ; I/O architectures. Digital logic:
transistors, gates, and combinatorial circuits; clocks; registers and register banks; arithmetic-logic
units; data representation: big-endian and little-endian integers; ones and twos complement
arithmetic; signed and unsigned values; Von-Neumann architecture and bottleneck; instruction
sets.
CSCD 212 Computer Ethics 1 CREDITS

This course will study legal, social, and ethical issues surrounding software development and
computer use. Professional conduct, social responsibility and rigorous standards for software
testing and reliability will be stressed. Issues such as liability, intellectual property rights, security
and crime will be examined in the context of computer use. Students are expected to be able to
conduct research on the Internet.
CSCD 214 Digital Electronics 3 CREDITS

This course exposes students to basic analogue and digital electronics as related to hardware.
Topic covered include: Electric field and potential; capacitors and Dielectrics; Newton Theorems:
Kirchhoff’s laws, Superposition, Thevenin’s, Norton’s and reciprocity theorems, Delta-star and
star-delta transformations; magnetic induction: Ampere’s law, Boit-Savart law, self and mutual
inductance, electronic oscillation; alternating currents; Power and resonance in ac circuits.
Boolean Algebra and logic gates, simplification of logic functions, Truth Tables; Karnaugh
graphs, DeMorgan’s rules; synchronous flip flops: D, T and JK flip flops; asynchronous state
machines in terms of RS flip flops; characteristics of diodes, NMOS and PMOS field effect
transistors; structure and use of programmable logic arrays (PLAs) etc
CSCD 216 Data Structures & Algorithms 3 CREDITS

This course will study the analysis of algorithms and the effects of data structures on them.
Algorithms selected from areas such as sorting, searching, shortest paths, greedy algorithms,
backtracking, divide- and-conquer, and dynamic programming. Data structures include heaps and
search, splay, and spanning trees. Analysis techniques include asymptotic worst case, expected
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time, amortized analysis, and reductions between problems. Include Generic types , Linked lists ,
Stacks and queues , Binary trees, Balanced binary trees , Multi-way trees , B-trees and B+-trees,
File organization , Searching and sorting , Hashing . Running time analysis of algorithms and their
implementations, one-dimensional data structures, trees, heaps, additional sorting algorithms,
binary search trees, hash tables, graphs, directed graphs, weighted graph algorithms, additional
topics.
CSCD 218 Data Communication & Networking I 3 CREDITS

This course will focus on the field of data communications and the basic concept in networking. It
includes fundamentals of data and signals, analog signal digital signal, the media; conducted. The
basic modem operating principles, Bandwidth limitations, and alternatives traditional modems:
Channels Service Unit/ Data Service Unit, Cable Modems, ISDN, DSL. Other topics Include:
LAN and WAN applications, Internet and intranet, e-mail, FTP and Web applications, distributed
systems, standards; communication concepts, media, coding of data, error control, LAN
topologies and protocols, bridges, routers and gateways; TCP/IP, client server paradigm; network
configuration, performance monitoring, management, security, and reliability.
CSCD 301 Object Oriented Analysis & Design 3 CREDITS

This course teaches the OOP programming paradigm including analysis and design; data hiding
and encapsulation; inheritance; and polymorphism. It requires implementation of these concepts
using appropriate programming language constructs and extensive programming. Topics Include:
Introduction to object orientation, UML 2.0, the Unified Process, overviews a minimalist approach
to Object-Oriented Systems Analysis and Design with UML 2.0. the basic characteristics of
object-oriented systems; the relevant UML 2.0 are covered with diagrams where applicable, e.g.,
class diagrams, Structural Models as well as the fourteen diagrams included in UML; the activity
diagrams to support business process modeling and deployment diagrams to provide for modeling
the physical architecture of the system ; user interface design; class and method design ;object
storage design ; user interface design , the design of the physical architecture of the system.
CSCD 302 Programming III (with VB.NET) 3 CREDITS

Basics of .NET framework, Introducing Intermediate Language, Intermediate Language: Digging
Deeper, Inside the CLR, Assemblies, Garbage Collect, Improving Performance, Profiling and
Performance Counters, Dynamic Code Generation, Threading, Management Instrumentation,
Advanced Windows Forms, Code Access Security and Cryptography.
CSCD 304 Design and Analysis of Algorithms 3 CREDITS

Introduction to a variety of algorithms which illustrate principles for both the design and analysis
of efficient algorithms. Includes: classical problems in Computer Science; classical algorithm
design and analysis strategies; analyze the computability of a problem; design and analyze new
algorithms to solve a computational problem.
CSCD 306 Software Engineering 3 CREDITS

In-depth study of software design and implementation using a modern, object-oriented language
with support for graphical user interfaces and complex data structures. Topics covered will be
specifications, design patterns, and abstraction techniques, including typing, access control,
inheritance, and polymorphism. Students will learn the proper engineering use of techniques such
as information hiding, classes, objects, inheritance, exception handling, event-based systems, and
concurrency. This course equips students with practical set of skills for the development of
software. The software crisis; why software fail (case studies); Design as modeling; The Unified
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Modeling Language, Concepts and techniques for testing and modifying software in evolving
environments. Topics include software testing at the unit, module, subsystem, and system levels;
developer testing; automatic and manual techniques for generating test data; testing concurrent and
distributed software; designing and implementing software to increase maintainability and reuse;
evaluating software for change; and validating software changes.
CSCD 313 Databases Management Systems 3 CREDITS

This course will study overview of database systems, Introduction to Database Design; The
Relational Model Relational Algebra SQL Database Application Development; Storage and
Indexing; Tree-Structured Indexing; Hash-Based Indexing; Schema Refinement and
Normalisation object oriented database languages; the relational database model with
introductions to SQL and DBMS; hierarchical models and network models with introductions to
HDDL, HDML, and DBTG Codasyl; data mining; data warehousing; database connectivity;
distributed databases; the client/server paradigm; middleware, including ODBC, JDBC, CORBA,
and MOM.
CSCD 311 Web Technologies & Development 3 CREDITS

This course is designed to enable students understand the fundamentals of web technologies, the
conceptual foundations that underpin them, and to provide experience in the design and
implementation of web-based distributed systems. Students are expected to understand the
fundamentals of the World Wide Web (www), HTTP and web browsers, variety of multimedia
formats including image and sound; design and construct web pages using HTML, FrontPage and
Dreamweaver. Topics such as XHTML, Cascading Style Sheets, JavaScript, DOM, XML, RSS,
and AJAX are presented. Students will learn to develop attractive and interactive web pages and
applications and use client-side web-scripting languages to solve problems both with a text editor
and more powerful WYSIWYG HTML editor. They will explore Active Server Pages, Java
Serves Pages, Java servlets, Extensible Markup Language (XML) and website security.
CSCD 312 Introduction to Artificial Intelligence 3 CREDITS

This course will cover the theory and practice of developing systems that exhibit the
characteristics we associate with intelligence in human behavior such as reasoning, planning and
problem solving, learning and adaptation, natural language processing, and perception. Basic
problem-solving strategies, heuristic search, problem reduction and AND/OR graphs, knowledge
representation, uncertainty reasoning, game playing, planning, machine learning, computer vision,
and programming systems such as Lisp or Prolog. Core material includes state space search, logic,
and resolution theorem proving. Application areas may include expert systems, natural language
understanding, planning, machine learning, or machine perception. Provides exposure to AI
implementation methods, emphasizing programming in Common LISP.
CSCD 315 Operating Systems 3 CREDITS

This course will study basic principles of operating systems: addressing modes, indexing, relative
addressing, indirect addressing, stack maintenance; implementation of multitask systems; control
and coordination of tasks, deadlocks, synchronization, mutual exclusion; storage management,
segmentation, paging, virtual memory; protection, sharing, access control; file systems; resource
management; evaluation and prediction of performance. Introduction to operating systems. Topics
Include: Threads and Processes ; Interprocess Communication, Synchronization ; CPU
Scheduling; Memory Management ; File and I/0 Systems ; Protection and Security ; Distributed
System Structures ; Distributed Coordination ; Fault Tolerance, Real-time Computing .
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CSCD 317 Embedded Systems 3 CREDITS
Topics Include: An introduction to embedded Systems Architecture; An introduction to embedded
system design; Middleware and Application Software; Embedded software ; Embedded hardware;
Embedded Processor, Board Memory, Board Buses, Board Input/Output
CSCD 314 Research Methods in Computing 3 CREDITS

This course examines different methods of acquiring knowledge, role of economic research,
identification of a research problem and stating of research questions and hypotheses. Also review of
literature, meaning, purpose and principles of research designs and the measurement design will be
examined. The course further acquaints students with the method of data collection and analysis;
descriptive and inferential statistics; interpretation of data and proposal and research writing.
CSCD 319 Computer Vision 3 CREDITS

This course will cover essentials of computer vision. We will learn basic principles of image
formation, image processing algorithms and different algorithms for 3D reconstruction and
recognition from single or multiple images (video). Apllications to 3D modelling, video analysis,
video surveillance, object recognition and vision based control will be discussed.
CSCD 316 Introduction to Robotics 3 CREDITS

This course will cover: basic components of robotic systems; selection of coordinate frames;
homogeneous transformations; solutions to kinematic equations; velocity and force/torque
relations; manipulator dynamics in Lagrange's formulation; digital simulation of manipulator
motion; motion planning; obstacle avoidance; controller design using the computed torque
method; and classical controllers for manipulators
CSCD 321 Introduction to Computer Graphics 3 CREDITS

This course will study the principles of computer graphics and interactive graphical methods for
problem solving. Emphasis placed on both development and use of graphical tools for various
display devices. Several classes of graphics hardware considered in detail. Topics include pen
plotting, storage tubes, refresh, dynamic techniques, three dimensions, color, modeling of
geometry, and hidden surface removal. Part of the laboratory involves use of an interactive
minicomputer graphics system. Introduces the fundamentals of three-dimensional computer
graphics: rendering, modeling, and animation. Students learn how to represent three-dimensional
objects (modeling) and the movement of those objects over time (animation)
CSCD 318 Introduction to Parallel Computing 3 CREDITS

This course will introduce the student to the basics of high-performance parallel computing and
the national cyber-infrastructure. This course is designed to provide an introduction to the field of
parallel computation. Topics Include: Architectural, algorithmic, and language requirements for
parallel computing and the lectures will emphasize the relationships between these requirements.
Parallel algorithm design and analysis as well as parallel programming languages will be
examined in the context of specific parallel systems and models.
CSCD 322 Advanced Web Technologies 3 CREDITS

The course content will focus on client-side and server-side software design and development.
Topics include: HTML, JavaScript the J2EE platform, JDBC, and XML; Component software
development using specific technologies including PHP, Java servlets, Java Server Pages, JavaScript,
XML and JDBC etc.
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CSCD 400 Project 3 CREDITS
Undertake any piece of system work with extensive programming using system methodology.
CSCD 409 Data Mining & Warehousing 3 CREDITS

Introduction to data mining and motivating challenges. Types of data, measures of similarity and
distance. Data exploration and warehousing. Supervised learning. Bias and variance. Classification
techniques and their evaluation. Clustering. Association and sequence rule mining.
This course will apply computing principles, probability and statistics relevant to the data mining
discipline to analyze data. A thorough understanding of model programming with data mining
tools, algorithms for estimation, prediction, and pattern discovery. Analyze a problem, identifying
and defining the computing requirements appropriate to its solution: data collection and
preparation, functional requirements, selection of models and prediction algorithms, software, and
performance evaluation
CSCD 415 Compilers 3 CREDITS

This course will provide introduction to the field of compilers, which translate programs written in
high-level languages to a form that can be executed. The course covers the theories and
mechanisms of compilation tools. Students will learn the core ideas behind compilation and how
to use software tools such as lex/flex, yacc/bison to build a compiler for a non-trivial
programming language. The theory and practice of programming language translation,
compilation, and run-time systems, organized around a significant programming project to build a
compiler for a simple but nontrivial programming language. Modules, interfaces, tools. Data
structures for tree languages. Topics Include: Compiler Design ; Lexical Analysis ; Syntax
Analysis - grammars, LL(1) parsers, LR(1) parsers ; Semantic Processing ; Code generation and
optimization
CSCD 416 System Programming 3 CREDITS

Low-level programming; review of addresses, pointers, memory layout, and data representation;
text, data, and bss segments; debugging and hex dumps; concurrent execution with threads and
processes; address spaces; file names; descriptors and file pointers; inheritance; system calls and
library functions; standard I/O and string libraries; simplified socket programming; building tools
to help programmers; make and make files; shell scripts and quoting; unix tools including sed,
echo, test, and find; scripting languages such as awk; version control; object and executable files
(.o and a.out); symbol tables; pointers to functions; hierarchical directories; and DNS hierarchy;
programming embedded systems.
CSCD 417 Theory and Survey of Programming Languages 3 CREDITS
This course will study an exploration of modern or unconventional concepts of programming
languages, their semantics, and their implementations; abstract data types; axiomatic semantics
using Hoare's logic and Dijkstra's predicate transformers; denotational semantics; functional,
object-oriented, and logic programming; concurrency and Owicki-Gries theory. Example
languages include ML, Ada, Oberon, LISP, PROLOG, and CSP. Presents the fundamental
concepts of programming language design and implementation. Emphasizes language paradigms
and implementation issues. Develops working programs in languages representing different
language paradigms. Many programs oriented toward language implementation issues. Concepts
for structuring data, computation, and whole programs
CSCD 418 Computer Systems Security 3 CREDITS

This course will study the survey of the fundamentals of information security. Risks and
vulnerabilities, policy formation, controls and protection methods, database security, encryption,
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authentication technologies, host-based and network-based security issues, personnel and physical
security issues, issues of law and privacy. The objective of this course to is provide comprehensive
introduction to the network security problems, and the principles, techniques and their applications
in securing network. Topics include secret key and public key cryptography, Hash algorithms,
basic number theory, authentication, IPSEC/VPN, IPSEC key exchange, SSL/TLS, firewall,
anonymous communication and VoIP Security.
CSCD 419 Formal Methods and Models 3 CREDITS

This course is an introduction to two kinds of formal systems—languages and logics that are
crucial to large numbers of areas in computer science. The study of formal languages underlies
important aspects of compilers and other language processing systems, software engineering,
agents and multiagent systems, game development, robotics, and networking. Formal logics and
automatic reasoning are put to use in artificial intelligence, database theory, and software
engineering. The course gives students practice in precise thinking and proof methods that play a
role in the analysis of algorithms. Topics include: Propositional Logic and Proofs; Predicate
Logic and Proofs; Program Verification; Prolog; Finite Automata, Regular Expressions; Context-
Free Grammars; Turing Machines and Solvability.
CSCD 421 Accounting Principles in Computing 3 CREDITS

financial statements and reports that are produced from such transactions.
Topics Include: The Nature and Function of Accounting, Generally Accepted Principles (GAAP),
Fundamentals of Accounting Method, Manufacturing Account, Departmental Accounts,
Partnership Accounts – Introductory Consideration, Company Accounts, Incomplete Records of
Business, Correction of Errors and Elementary Analysis and Interpretation of Financial
Statements.
CSCD 422 Human Computer Interaction 3 CREDITS

This course will introduce Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) and user-centered design in the
context of software engineering. Examines the fundamental principles of human-computer
interaction. Includes evaluating a system's usability based on well-defined criteria; user and task
analysis, as well as conceptual models and metaphors; the use of prototyping for evaluating design
alternatives; and physical design of software user-interfaces, including windows, menus, and
commands.
CSCD 423 Software Modeling and Simulation 3 CREDITS
This course will introduce students to the general principles of simulation model design and
concepts of the computer simulation. The course introduces mathematical and statistical models,
simulation languages, gives a thorough review of queuing systems and a hands-on experience with
the object-oriented simulation. Applications of simulation methods and techniques are focused
mainly on the area of computer science. ProModel for Windows will be used for projects
including production systems, inventory, finance, and transportation. Statistical analysis of
simulation input/output data, model validation, design of simulation experiments, and optimization
are also covered. Emphasis is placed on the study and development of models of computer
systems. Both analytical and discrete-event simulation models are studied. Data gathered from
actual systems is used to parameterize and validate these models. Use of models to predict system
performance is discussed.
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CSCD 424 Management Principles in Computing 3 CREDITS
This course presents the basics of the theory and science of management. It emphasizes the
essentials of management that are pertinent to the effective work of practicing managers. Students
will understand the fact that managing is a part of a larger system interacting with a manager’s
total environment – economic, technological, social, political and ethnical. The functions of
management – planning, organizing, staffing and leading, and controlling will provide the
conceptual framework for students to increase their understanding of Ghanaian and global
management challenges, ethical decision-making, technology management and emerging
workplace issues. This course lays the foundation for an understanding of the nature and
importance of managing and of management as a developed and important science.
CSCD 426 Multimedia Applications 3 CREDITS

This course is designed to introduce students to e-business. Topics covered include: e-business evolution
& opportunities; categories of e-business; e-business models; network infrastructure & web based tools for
e-business; e-business risks & risks management; network security and firewall; cryptography environment
of e-business; ERP/SCM/CRM and web based marketing; intelligence .This provides a study of
multimedia systems and applications in the business world. Topics include: multimedia applications,
hypertext and hypermedia, audio, graphics, images, and full motion video; multimedia-ready personal
computers and workstations, storage devices, operating systems and graphical user interfaces;
communication and networking requirements, multimedia applications on the Internet; file formats, data
compression and streaming audio/video.
CSCD 427 Data Communication & Networking II 3 CREDITS

The course will present data communications fundamentals and computer networking methods,
using the ISO 7-layer reference model. Attention will be focused on the protocols of the physical,
data link control, network, and transport layers, for local and wide area networks. Emphasis will
be given to the Internet Protocol Suite. Some advanced topics, such as network security, wireless
and mobile computing networks, will also be covered. Topics include the design of modern
communication networks; point-to-point and broadcast network solutions; advanced issues such as
Gigabit networks; ATM networks; and real-time communications.
CSCD 428 Expert Systems 3 CREDITS

This course provides an overview on Decision Support Systems (DSS) and its subsystems. Topics
include: DSS overview, modeling and analysis using linear programming, decision tables, trees,
AHP, etc., group decision support systems, fundamentals of AI, expert systems, expert system
building tools, and validation, knowledge representation. Classical Approaches to the Design and
Development of Expert Systems, Ontology Design and Development, Learning-Oriented
Knowledge Representation, Problem Reduction and Solution Synthesis, Modeling Expert’s
Reasoning, Agent Teaching and Multi-strategy Rule Learning, Mixed-Initiative Problem Solving
and Knowledge Base Refinement, Tutoring Expert Problem Solving Knowledge. Design
Principles for Expert Systems. Frontier Research Problems.
CSCD 432 Concurrent & Distributed Systems 3 CREDITS

Threads, Seamphores, Monitors ;Message Passing ;Distributed Systems ;Client-Server
Applications ;Middleware technologies; TCP/IP Sockets ; RPC/RMI ;Web Services (SOAP,
XML), J2EE. Foundations for building reliable distributed systems, including failure and system
models, and basic communication and agreement problems; crash failures, recovery, partition,
Byzantine failures; asynchronous systems, failure detectors, communication channels, wireless
and sensor networks; software clocks, causality, and cuts. Examples of problems include reliable
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broadcast consensus, leader election, group communication, and replication. Introduction to
Distributed Systems, Multi-threaded/Concurrent Programming, Client-Server, Applications,
Middleware technologies: TCP/IP Sockets, RPC/RMI, Web Services (SOAP, XML), Peer to Peer
Computing, Parallel Programming.
CSCD 434 Mobile Computing 3 CREDITS

This course studies the design and implementation of mobile applications for popular platforms
including Blackberry, Android and Apple devices. The course will provide an overview of the
various mobile platforms but will focus on developing applications for iPhone, iPod Touch and
iPad. Programming topics covered will include an introduction to Objective-C, the XCode IDE
and will focus on designing, implementing and running applications using the simulator for the
various Apple devices. Students will leverage their object oriented programming skills for such
things classes, objects, inheritance, exception handling, and graphical user interface design.
PROGRAMME STRUCTURE
Information Technology
LEVEL 100
SEMESTER I
CODE TITLE CREDITS
CSIT 101 Introduction to Information Technology 3
CSIT 103 Introduction to Computing 3
CSIT 105 Programming Fundamentals 3
CSIT 107 Statistics for IT Professionals 3
UGRC150 Critical Thinking & Practical Reasoning 3
Total Credits 15
SEMESTER II
CSIT 102 Introduction to IT Problem Solving 3
CSIT 104 Mathematics for IT Professionals 3
UGBS 104 Principles of Management 3
UGRC 130 Understanding Human Society 3
Total Credits 15
LEVEL 200
SEMESTER I
CODE TITLE CREDITS
UGRC210 Academic Writing II 3
CSIT 201 Professional, Legal, Moral and Ethical issues in 3
Information Technology
CSIT 203 Computer Hardware Fundamentals 3
CSIT 205 Object Oriented Techniques for IT Problem Solving 3
CSIT 207 Database Fundamentals 3
UGBS 201 Microeconomics and Business 3
Total Credits 18
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SEMESTER II
CODE TITLE CREDITS
CSIT 202 Introduction to Computer and Networks 3
CSIT 204 Introduction to Information Security 3
CSIT 206 Applied IT Programming 3
CSIT 208 Multimedia and Web Design 3
UGBS 204 Macroeconomics and Business 3
Total Credits 18
LEVEL 300
SEMESTER I
CODE TITLE CREDITS
CSIT 301 Mobile Development 3
CSIT 303 Human Computer Interaction 3
CSIT 305 Operating Systems Fundamentals 3
CSIT 321 Principles of Accounting 3
Electives (6 Credits): Select from your Concentration
Network and Telecommunications
CSIT 307 Digital and Logic Systems Design 3
CSIT 309 Data Network Security I 3
Information Security
CSIT 309 Data Network Security I 3
CSIT 311 Information Security Principles 3
Database Technology and Programming
CSIT 313 Programme Design and Data Structures 3
CSIT 315 Event-Driven Programming 3
Web Development and Multimedia
CSIT 317 Web Development I 3
CSIT 319 Web Site Administration 3
Total Credits 18
SEMESTER II
CODE TITLE CREDITS
CSIT 302 Data Communications 3
CSIT 304 IT in the Global Economy 3
CSIT 306 IT Resources Planning 3
CSIT 308 Turning Ideas into Successful Companies 3
CSIT 310 Design Project I 3
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ELECTIVES (3)
Select from your Concentration:
CSIT 312 Network Servers and Infrastructures Administration 3
CSIT 312 Network Servers and Infrastructures Administration 3
CSIT 314 Database Management System Administration 3
CSIT 316 Web Development using Content Management Systems 3
Total Credits 18
LEVEL 400
SEMESTER I
ELECTIVES (15 CREDITS)
Select 12 credits from your concentration 3 credits from any other concentration
CODE TITLE CREDITS
CSIT 401 Digital Media Editing 3
CSIT 403 Graphics & Information Visualization 3
CSIT 405 Web II: Advanced Web Development 3
CSIT 407 Applied Knowledge Technologies for the Semantic Web 3
CSIT 409 Cloud Computing 3
CSIT 411 Advanced Networking Principles 3
CSIT 413 Wireless Systems and Networks 3
CSIT 415 Applications of Digital Technologies 3
CODE TITLE CREDITS

CSIT 417 Information Storage and Management Technologies 3
CSIT 419 Advanced Database 3
CSIT 421 Information Retrieval and XML Data 3
CSIT 405 Web II Advance Web Development 3
CSIT 411 Advanced Networking Principles 3
CSIT 425 Computer Crime, Forensics, and Auditing 3
CSIT 417 Information Storage and Management Technologies 3
CSIT 431 Data Network Security II 3
Total Credits 15
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SEMESTER II
CORE
CODE TITLE CREDITS
CSIT 402 Concepts of Multimedia Processing and Transmission 3
CSIT 410 Design Project II 3
ELECTIVES (6) CREDITS)
SELECT FROM YOUR CONCENTRATION
CSIT 404 Voice Communications Technologies 3
CSIT 406 Fundamentals of Satellite Communications 3
CSIT 408 Development – E-Business 3
CSIT 412 Advance Web Technologies- E-Commerce 3
Information Security (INFS)

CSIT 416 Information Defense Technologies 3
CSIT 418 Database and Distributed System Security Principles 3

CSIT 424 Parallel & Distributed Databases 3
CSIT 426 Data Mining & Data Warehousing 3
Total Credits 15
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY COURSE DESCRIPTIONS
CSIT 101: Introduction to Information Technology 3 Credits

Students will gain literacy in the underlying principles and vocabulary of Information Technology.
Topics include: Understanding the digital domain, representing number and text in binary,
Fundamentals of computers: hardware, software; Creating digital multimedia, transmission of
information: Fundamentals of communication, introduction to fibre optics, wireless
communication; Introduction to networking, Telephony and wireless multimedia Quantitative and
historical perspectives underlying major information technologies, theoretical background on wide
range of information technologies as well as issues surrounding the social, economic, and political
contexts in which IT exists.
CSIT 102: Introduction to IT Problem Solving 3 Credits

Problem Solving and Programming are essential skills for IT students and IT professionals.
Learning how to solve a problem using a structured programming language provides a strong
foundation for a successful career. Topics Include: The importance of algorithms in the problem-
solving process; Properties of good algorithms, Algorithms for solving simple problems; the use
of a programming language to implement, test, and debug algorithms for solving simple problems.
Define and use data of both primitive and reference types effectively. Simple and complex static
data structures. Design solutions to problems using procedural techniques. Decide on an
appropriate repetition and/or selection structures for given problems.
CSIT 103: Introduction to Computing 3 Credits

This course introduces students to basic computer concepts in hardware, software, networking,
computer security, programming, database, e-commerce, decision support systems, and other
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emerging technologies such as blogs, wiki, RSS, podcasting, and Google applications. Topics
Include: Basic functions of computer hardware and software components including operating
system functions. Identify various networks (LAN, WAN, intranet), topologies (ring, bus, star),
protocols, media, and network hardware (router, hub, gateway). Know how to use search
techniques (inclusion, exclusion, wildcards, phrase, Boolean search), evaluate the information
found on Web pages, and cite electronic and printed references. Understand computer viruses,
biometric devices, encryption technique, digital signature, email filtering, firewall, and precautions
on Web.
CSIT 104: Mathematics for IT Professionals 3 Credits

Topics Include:
Matrix methods and operations their use in simultaneous equations, transformations, rotations,
maps and graphs. Number systems: converting between number systems. Logic: History of logic,
Propositions and Predicates, Logical Connectives, Truth Tables, Functional Completeness; Set
Theory: Sets and Elements, Methods to Specify Sets, Venn Diagrams, Operations on Sets;
Relations and Functions: Binary Relations, Functions, Operations on Functions; Tables and
Database states, Tuple, Table and Database Predicates, Specifying Database Designs. Introductory
Calculus.
CSIT 105: Programming Fundamentals 3 Credits

Topics Include: Discuss the importance of algorithms in the problem-solving process. Identify the
necessary properties of good algorithms. Create algorithms for solving simple problems. Use a
programming language to implement, test, and debug algorithms for solving simple problems.
Define and use data of both primitive and reference types effectively. Create and use simple and
complex static data structures. Design solutions to problems using procedural techniques. Decide
on an appropriate repetition and/or selection structures for given problems. Apply the techniques
of structured (functional) decomposition to break a programme into smaller pieces. Describe the
mechanics of parameter passing and the issues associated with scoping. Apply effective debugging
strategies.
UGBS 201: Microeconomics and Business 3 Credits

This course will cover the principles of microeconomic analysis which will equip students to
understand basic economic principles and help them make better economic decisions than they
otherwise would. The course will focus on the working of markets and institutions in allocating
economic resources. In this course, students will be introduced to basic economic theories such as
Demand and Supply, Consumer Behaviour, the Theory of the Firm and Market Structures, the
Theory of Production, Cost Theory and Market Structures.
UGBS 204: Macroeconomics and Business 3 Credits

This course deals with the interactions within the whole economy of economic variables and
agents and their effect on economic activity. It will therefore look at the broad aggregate of
economic behaviour and demand by households, firms and the government. The relevance of these
interactions with respect to business will be emphasized. Topics will include National Income
Accounting, National Income Determination, Aggregate Demand, Fiscal Policy and Foreign
Trade, Money and Banking, Monetary and Fiscal Policies in a Closed Economy, Aggregate
Demand, Aggregate Supply and Prices, Inflation and Unemployment, Exchange Rate and the
Concept of Balance of Payments, International Trade and Economic Growth
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CSIT 201: Professional, Legal, Moral and ethical issues in IT 3 Credits
Explores how IT changed nature of society and contributed to evolution of global economy. This
course examines changing nature of work, education, and communication, and ethical issues such
as intellectual property rights, computer-related crime, privacy concerns, and public policy issues.
It also includes intensive introduction to legal, social, and ethical issues surrounding software
development and computer use. Again, it stresses professional conduct, social responsibility, and
rigorous standards for software testing and reliability.
CSIT 202: Introduction to Computer Networks 3 Credits

This course is 50 percent lab work of configuration of routers and network design,
implementation, and testing. Topics Include: Focus on the primary aspects of data
communications networking, including a study of the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) and
Internet models. Students will start at Layer 1 with the study of various Layer 1 interface and
cabling configurations. They will construct and test various cables with connectors. Moving up the
OSI layers, students will focus on IP network addressing, network design, and enhanced hands-on
router and port configurations. They will also learn security protocols and do static routing,
EIGRP, RIPv2, and OSPF. Students will also develop Access Control Lists (ACLs) used in
modern day networks as a prime method of controlling network security and implement the ACLs
on laboratory networks.
CSIT 203: Computer Hardware Fundamentals 3 Credits

This course explains the basic principles of how computers work. It provides a comprehensive
understanding of the essential components associated with computers with a focus on PCs. Topics
include: The history of computers, the microprocessor, motherboard, memory, graphics and sound
adapters, input and output devices, and storage media. An overview of operating systems and
other software, as well as the various methods used to connect computers to each other and the
Internet, are presented. The course also addresses recent advances in computer architectures and
computer hardware and how they affect computer performance. Presentations of actual hardware
are included so that students can gain experience in identifying the various internal and external
components of a PC.
CSIT 204: Introduction to Information Security 3 Credits

This course introduces concept of information security. Discusses the need for organizational
policy to define required services such as confidentiality, authentication, integrity, nonrepudiation,
access control, and availability, and mechanisms to implement those services. Topics Include:
Cover different types of security including physical security, computer security, and network
security; common threats to and attacks against information systems, including accidental damage,
identity theft, malicious software, and “spam”; and defensive measures.
CSIT 205: Object Oriented Techniques for IT Problem Solving 3 Credits

Topics Include: Introduction to concepts of event-driven programming. Basic object-oriented
(OO) programming concepts and principles; Apply basic object-oriented principles and techniques
in the development of software systems using a specific programming language. Effectively
develop software systems using both basic command line tools and sophisticated integrated
development environments, and to understand the advantages and limitations of each. To
successfully perform debugging operations and techniques. To perform software development in
both individual and team environments. Programming-related references/resources available to
software developers and the ability to use them effectively - both in ongoing projects and in the
acquisition of new technical skills.
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CSIT 206: Applied IT Programming 3 Credits
This course covers client and server side scripting languages and SQL database management
system. Students will use open source software tools to develop database-enabled web
applications. Topics Include: Develop proficiency in some of the basic technologies used to
implement applications with Web browser user interfaces, server-side processing, and data
storage. Building on fundamentals of structured and object-oriented programming,
CSIT 207: Database Fundamentals 3 Credits

This course introduces relational database management systems and their applications. Students
learn about types of databases, data modelling, designing relational databases, normalization and
relationships, and recent trends in database management, including web applications. Students
apply learned concepts using modern database application to create tables, forms and reports.
Topics Include: Use modern techniques of data organization and access in a database environment.
Describe the importance of database modelling and design. Understand and work with the
relational database model and ERD. Design and create multiple tables, table relationships, and
queries using SQL. Understand what transaction management and concurrency control are Have
solid understanding of different types of databases
CSIT 208: Multimedia and Web Design 3 Credits

This course introduces multimedia and web computer graphics. It focuses on development of web-
enabled multimedia applications from practical business perspective. Introduces and discusses
technological aesthetic human factors. Topics Include: Understand fundamental Web design
principles and technologies. Understand the detailed design plan required to create a successful
Web site that considers audience needs, design features, and various technical issues. Understand
the coverage of ownership, permissions, and copyright issues. Incorporate text, images,
animation, sound, and video into Web pages. Create an accessible and full-feature Website with
popular multimedia authoring tools, such as Adobe Dreamweaver, Flash, and Photoshop
CSIT 301: Mobile Development 3 Credits

The course will provide an overview of the various mobile platforms but will focus on developing
applications for iPhone, iPod Touch and iPad. Topics Include: Studies the design and
implementation of mobile applications for popular platforms like Blackberry, Android and Apple
devices. Programming topics covered will include an introduction to Objective-C, the XCode IDE
and will focus on designing, implementing and running applications using the simulator for the
various Apple devices. Students will leverage their object oriented programming skills for such
things classes, objects, inheritance, exception handling, and graphical user interface design.
CSIT 302: Data Communication 3 Credits

This course provides a comprehensive overview of the fundamental principles of
telecommunications. Topics Include: Protocol Architecture, Data transmission, channel
impairments, channel capacity, Guided and wireless transmission, signal encoding techniques,
digital data communication techniques, Data link control, multiplexing, spread spectrum, circuit
and Packet switching, Asynchronous Transfer Mode, Routing in Switched networks, congestion
control, Communications architecture and protocols.
CSIT 303: Human Computer Interaction 3 Credits

This course illustrates the principles of user interface design, development, and programming.
Topics Include: User psychology and cognitive science, menu system design, command language
design, icon and window design, graphical user interfaces, web-based user interfaces. Principles of
user interface design. Concepts for objectively and quantitatively assessing the usability of
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software user interfaces. Outcomes include knowledge of quantitative engineering principles for
designing usable software interfaces and an understanding that usability is more important than
efficiency for almost all modern software projects, and often the primary factor that leads to
product success.
CSIT 304: IT in the Global Economy 3 Credits

The course examines changing nature of work, education, and communication, and ethical issues
such as intellectual property rights, computer-related crime, privacy concerns, and public policy
issues. Topics Include: Rapid rate of technological change and its impact on societies around the
world. Role of IT and Communications Technology in the globalization of economies, crime,
culture, and the shifts in global power. Role of ICT in the changing nature of work, governance,
identity, communication, and loss of privacy. Role of IT and Communications Technology in
creating a global civil society and facilitating the work of NGOs and consortia. Appreciation for
the role of IT and Communications Technology in economic development and meeting UN
millennium development goals.
CSIT 305: Operating Systems Fundamentals 3 Credits

This course studies practices and procedures for installing and configuring modern operating
systems. Topics Include: User accounts, file, print, and terminal servers, mobile computing, and
disaster recovery. Through practical lab sessions, students receive real-world experiences with
multiple operating systems.
CSIT 306: IT Resources Planning 3 Credits
The course provides essential strategies and procedures for planning, organizing, staffing,
monitoring, and controlling design, development, and production of system to meet stated IT-
related need in effective and efficient manner. It fulfils writing-intensive requirement for BS in
information technology.
CSIT 307: Digital and Logic Systems Design 3 Credits

This course will provide an overview of principles and Techniques of modern digital systems. The
fundamental principles of digital systems will be explored. This course exposes individuals to a
wide array of classic as well as state of the art digital electronics technology.
Topics Include: Introduction to numbers systems and codes, logics circuits, combinational logic,
storage elements, digital arithmetic, integrated circuit logic families. An Overview of
Technologies and Application of wide array of digital components used within state of the art IT
Systems. An understanding of the applications of such digital devices embedded within
telecommunications systems, storage systems, computing systems, multimedia systems, and
computer networks.
CSIT 308: Turning Ideas into Successful Companies 3 Credits

This is a practical course in entrepreneurship. Each class session will focus on specific topics
associated with building a business: team creation, business planning, market research, product
development, financial planning, funding, people and organizations, competitive strategies,
operations, growth and exit strategies, and more. Students will have reading assignments and will
participate in competitive team assignments.
CSIT 309: Data Network Security I 3 Credits

This course examines information security services and mechanisms in network context.
Topics include: The information network context, including common approaches to networking.
The risks involved in transmitting information over networks and give examples of threats to and
attacks against network security. The security services needed for information networks. Give
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examples of current applications of network security technologies. Symmetric and asymmetric
cryptography; message authentication codes, hash functions and digital signatures; digital
certificates and public key infrastructure; access control including hardware and biometrics;
intrusion detection; and securing network-enabled applications including e-mail and web
browsing.
CSIT 310: Design Project I 3 Credits

Students use information technology as a tool to redesign business processes so the enterprise can
achieve its objectives. Student teams analyze the business processes of real organizations, quantify
the negative impact caused by current process challenges, then develop and present a compelling
Business Case for Change. Students develop skills critical for preparing and delivering effective
verbal briefings and presentations.
CSIT 311: Information Security Principles 3 Credits

Studies security policies, models, and mechanisms for secrecy, integrity, availability, and usage
controls. Topics include models and mechanisms for mandatory, discretionary, and role-based
access controls; authentication technologies; control and prevention of viruses and other rogue
programmes; common system vulnerabilities and countermeasures; privacy and security policies
and risk analysis; intellectual property protection; and legal and social issues.
CSIT 312: Network Servers and Infrastructure Administration 3 Credits

Covers IP networking concepts and practices for using DHCP, DNS, secure communication,
routing, remote address services, web servers, and network connectivity between operating
systems. Students learn TCP/IP, routing architecture, and understand application-level services
used in Internet. Through networking lab sessions, students focus on using switches and routers
connected in LANs and WANs.
CSIT 313: Program Design and Data Structures 3 Credits

This course covers the fundamentals of data structures and analysis of algorithms. Large
programmes written in a modern, high-level programming language. It stresses abstraction,
modular design, code reuse, and correctness.
CSIT 314: Database Management Systems Administration 3 Credits

This course studies logical and physical characteristics of data and their organization in computer
processing. Emphasizes data as resource in computer applications, and examines database
management system (DBMS) software and design, implementation, and use.
Topics Include: Client/Server Databases and the Oracle 10g Relational Database; Creating and
Modifying Database Tables; Using SQL Queries to Insert, Update, Delete, and View Data;
Introduction to PL/SQL ; Introduction to Database Forms; Introduction to Database Reports;
Advanced SQL and PL/SQL Topics; Advanced Topics in Oracle 11g; Database Administration
CSIT 315: Event-Driven Programming 3 Credits

Building on the programming concepts covered in IT 108, this course focuses on graphical user
interfaces. Students will design, develop, and document event-driven
programmes using an object-oriented language. Topics Include: Define event-driven
programming. Write programmes using the event-driven programming paradigm; Write
programmes with graphical user interfaces; Create well-designed layouts for graphical user
interfaces; Write programmes including multimedia elements such as graphics, sound, and
animation; Develop programmes from requirements presented as text:
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CSIT 316: Web Development using Content Management System 3 Credits
Through lectures and hands-on lab experience, presents web development techniques using
content management systems (e.g. Joomla, Dot net nuke). Introduces characteristics of various
types of websites (corporate portals, intranets and extranets; online magazines, newspapers, and
publications; e-commerce and online reservations, government applications, small business
websites). Presents methods, languages, tools related to web content management systems from an
applied perspective.
CSIT 317: Web Development I 3 Credits

The course introduces the principles and techniques necessary for successful client-side web
development. Topics such as XHTML, Cascading Style Sheets, JavaScript, DOM, XML, RSS,
and AJAX are presented. Students will learn to develop attractive and interactive web pages and
applications and use client-side web-scripting languages to solve problems both with a text editor
and more powerful WYSIWYG HTML editor. Topics Include:
Understand advanced Web design principles and technologies. Create attractive Web interfaces
with client-side technologies and popular Web authoring tools, such as Adobe Dreamweaver.
Create Web pages with emerging and existing technologies, such as XHTML, CSS, JavaScript,
DOM, XML, RSS, and AJAX. Design, create and publish advanced interactive websites with
accessible, user-friendly interface design and features.
CSIT 319: Web Site Administration 3 Credits

Covers web server administration and web security, property sheets related to these sites and
security features, hosting multiple web sites on same web server, associated performance issues,
and application-level password security.
CSIT 321: Principles of Accounting 3 Credits

financial statements and reports that are produced from such transactions.
Topics Include: The Nature and Function of Accounting, Generally Accepted Principles (GAAP),
Fundamentals of Accounting Method, Manufacturing Account, Departmental Accounts,
Partnership Accounts – Introductory Consideration, Company Accounts, Incomplete Records of
Business, Correction of Errors and Elementary Analysis and Interpretation of Financial
Statements.
CSIT 401: Digital Media Editing 3 Credits

Examines three areas of digital media editing- tools for editing, content and logic decision process,
and information technology used by major corporations for development and distribution- through
video examples from entertainment industry and corporate productions as well as hands-on editing
experience. Topics Include: The technical foundations of digital media editing and presentation.
Current issues surrounding the digital media industry, edit videos on multiple topics. Develop
innovative ideas through creativity, and display the topic to a large audience.
CSIT 402: Concepts of Multimedia Processing and Transmission 3 Credits

This course covers fundamentals of audio and image processing and transmission. Technical
topics include audio and video compression algorithms for efficient storage and transmission of
multimedia content, streaming video, high definition video, multimedia storage technologies.
Other issues discussed include legal aspects concerning distribution of multimedia content,
multimedia standards, the entertainment industry as well as the future of multimedia processing
and transmission.
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CSIT 403: Graphics & Information Visualization 3 Credits
This course will provide students the opportunity to learn the principles and applied technologies
in information visualization and explore the application of development protocols. Relevant topics
will be chosen to enable students to create comprehensible
applied visualizations and may include fundamentals of information visualization; system
functional requirements development; current important visualization applications: geographic
information visualization and scientific visualization; advanced interactive visualization -- virtual
reality; future trends in information visualization. Students will get hands on experience with the
latest web-based widely-used visualization tools and software to include design and development
of a rudimentary visualization application.
CSIT 404: Voice Communication Technologies 3 Credits

This course examines current and emerging technologies for transmission of voice signals over
telecommunications systems. It highlights significant differences between the requirements for
voice and other forms of data. Topics provide a balance between traditional voice technologies
and those that use data networks. Real-world implementations are analyzed to determine
reliability, quality, and cost effectiveness. Includes lab experiments with analog and digital
technologies.
CSIT 405: Web II: Advanced Web Development 3 Credits

This course is a continuation of Web I. Rapid Application Development (RAD), client- and server-
side scripting for user and database interaction. Students build skills in web application
development using different technologies and frameworks. Topics such as session tracking/cookie
management, privacy and integrity issues, and web services are also covered.
CSIT 406: Fundamentals of Satellite Communications 3 Credits

This course provides a comprehensive overview of the principles of satellite communications
systems. Major topics include satellite orbits and constellations, the space segment, antennas,
modulation, coding, satellite access methods and link analysis. Also covers satellite applications,
with emphasis on recent developments in the satellite communications field. Hands-on design
experience is gained through the use of readily available vendor software systems.
CSIT 407: Applied Knowledge Technologies for the Semantic Web 3 Credits
The course will integrate theory with case studies to illustrate the history, current state, and future
direction of the semantic web. It will maintain an emphasis on real-world applications and
examines the technical and practical issues related to the use of semantic technologies in
intelligent information management. Topics Include: Fundamentals - reviewing ontology basics,
ontology languages, and research related to ontology alignment, mediation, and mapping. it
covers ontology engineering issues and presents a collaborative ontology engineering tool that is
an extension of the Semantic MediaWiki. Unveiling a novel approach to data and knowledge
engineering, introduces cutting-edge taxonomy-aware algorithms. Examines semantics-based
service composition in transport logistics.
CSIT 408: Development - E-Business 3 Credits

This course covers management-related topics in electronic business. Conceptualizing and
maintaining an e-business strategy. It also focuses on economic impact of e-business strategies
and management practices, models of e-business, electronic payment systems, Internet security,
ethics and privacy, and advanced e-business trends and issues.
Topics Include: The knowledge management life cycle model; Leadership in dynamic e-business
environments; E-business models and networks; E-business modeling, ontologies and business
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rules; E-business security and reliability; E-business middleware, integration and protocols; XML,
e-business processes, web services and semantic web services.
CSIT 409: Cloud Computing 3 Credits

Cloud Computing gives students hands-on experience creating programmes hosted on the Google
cloud. The course teaches Python and its use. Students create a small business application-style
programme using Python and App Engine-specific tools, following the Model-View-Controller-
based paradigm, using HTML/Django I/O templates, with data storage on the Google Big Table.
CSIT 410: Design Project II 3 Credits

Students, in teams, complete projects demonstrating preparedness as an IT professional. This work
includes ethical challenges, status reports and engineering notebooks evaluated during class. Team
members develop detailed designs, build solutions up to Beta, present final written reports and
final verbal presentations before review panels of business leaders.
CSIT 411: Advanced Networking Principles 3 Credits

This course focuses on Layer 2 and 3 of the OSI model and WAN technologies. Frame Relay and
ISDN, complex router configurations of Variable Length Subnet Masking (VLSM), Classless
Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR), Network Address Translation (NAT), Dynamic Host
Configuration Protocol (DHCP), and study of Network Management Systems available for Data
Communications Networks. Layer 2 involves Ethernet-switching components, including detailed
hands-on configuration covering all aspects of switches using the command-line interface method.
CSIT 412: Advanced Web Technologies 3 Credits

This course is also a continuation of Web I. Rapid Application Development (RAD), client- and
server-side scripting for user and database interaction. Students build skills in web application
development using different technologies and frameworks. Topics such as session tracking/cookie
management, privacy and integrity issues, and web services are also covered.
CSIT 413: Wireless Systems and Networks 3 Credits

This course covers fundamental principles underlying wireless data communications. Topics
include wireless transmission basics, radio propagation issues, antennas, digital modulation,
spread spectrum techniques and their applications, and popular standards: WiFi, WiMAX and
Bluetooth. Also presents practical knowledge to enable the design, testing, deployment, debugging
and commissioning of WiFi, WiMAX networks and point-to-point microwave systems.
Discussions on cellular network technologies are also included.
CSIT 415: Application of Digital Technologies 3 Credits

The course covers an overview of technologies and applications of a wide array of digital
components used within state of the art IT systems. Topics include: Understand the technical
foundations of digital technologies; Exposure to current issues surrounding the digital electronics
industry. Perform research on a technical topic, develop innovative ideas through creativity, and
present the topic to a large audience An understanding of the applications of such digital devices
embedded within telecommunications systems, storage systems, computing systems, multimedia
systems, and computer networks.
CSIT 416: Information Defense Technologies 3 Credits

This course will examine and assess the role of information technology as a tool of warfare and
civil defense. Topics will be discussed from both defensive and offensive perspectives and will
include asset tracking, asymmetric warfare, network centric warfare, physical attacks, cyber-
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terrorism, espionage, psyops, reconnaissance and surveillance, space assets, and applications of
GPS and cryptographic technology. Understand the concept of asymmetric warfare and its
implications for traditional defense organizations and systems. Understand the use of technology
to enable attacks against information systems and other strategic assets, and the use of technology
to defend against attacks on those assets. Be able to write rules of engagement for information
warfare operations.
CSIT 417: Information Storage and Management Technologies 3 Credits

The course provides an introduction to principles of information storage and management
technologies. This course covers Direct Attached Storage (DAS), networked storage models such
as Network Attached Storage (NAS), Storage Area Network (SAN), and Content Addressed
Storage (CAS); and applications in business continuity, replication, and disaster recovery.
Includes exposure to real-world storage networking technologies.
CSIT 418: Database and Distributed System Security Principles 3 Credits

Introduces information and distributed system security fundamentals. Topics include notions of
security, threats and attacks; legal and ethical issues; security evaluation; data models, concepts,
and mechanisms for database and distributed system security; inference in statistical databases;
basic issues in operating system, application and network security.
CSIT 419: Advanced Databases 3 Credits

Explores advanced concepts of database modelling using enterprise-level database management
system. Topics include object-oriented database processing, data integrity, transactions, locks,
concurrency control, backup, recovery, optimization, data mining, Internet databases, server
programming, and security.
CSIT 421: Information Retrieval and XML data 3 Credits

Topics Include:
Outline of the general information retrieval problem, functional overview of information retrieval.
Deterministic models of information retrieval systems; conventional Boolean, fuzzy set theory, p-
norm, and vector space models. Probabilistic models. Text analysis and automatic indexing.
Automatic query formulation. System-user adaptation and learning mechanisms. Intelligent
information retrieval. Retrieval evaluation. Review of new theories and future directions. Hands-
on experience with a working experimental information retrieval system.
CSIT 424: Parallel & Distributed Databases 3 Credits

Topics include transaction management, concurrency control, deadlocks, replicated database
management, query processing reliability, and surveys of commercial systems and research
prototypes. Study of advanced database models and languages, database design theory,
transaction processing, distributed database, and security and integrity.
CSIT 425: Computer Crime, Forensics, and Auditing 3 Credits

This course covers computer crime, relevant laws, agencies, and standards. It presents auditing,
logging, forensics, and related software. It also explores legal principles such as chain of evidence,
electronic document discovery, eavesdropping, and entrapment. Students get hands-on experience
with forensics tools.
Topics Include:
The legal and technical aspects of computer forensics. Applicable laws and the roles of legal
authorities. How to obtain and handle digital evidence and will have been exposed to a range of
freeware forensic tools.
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CSIT 426: Data Mining & Data Warehousing 3 Credits
This course is an introduction to data mining and motivating challenges, types of data, measures of
similarity and distance, data exploration and warehousing, supervised learning, bias and variance.
Classification techniques and their evaluation. Clustering. Association and sequence rule mining.
CSIT 431: Data Network Security II 3 Credits

Detailed study of certain symmetric and asymmetric cryptographic schemes; analysis of network
data (including “packet sniffing”); security at different network layers (including IPSec, SSL/TLS
and Kerberos); and secure e-commerce. The course teaches principles of designing and testing
secure networks, including use of network partitioning, firewalls, intrusion detection systems, and
vulnerability assessment tools.
DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS
INTRODUCTION
Mathematics is a critical skill which enables scientific and technological innovation and is
elemental to all forms of commerce. Over the past two centuries, most of the great innovations that
have changed the way people live were enabled by Mathematics and our dependence on
Mathematics continues to increase. The wide range of courses offered in the undergraduate
programme and the logical, analytic, and computational skills acquired, enable the Mathematics
graduate to pursue careers in diverse fields such as Education (secondary and tertiary levels), the
Military and Police Services, Business, Finance, Industry and the Civil/ Public Service.
The Department runs Single Major (3:2:1:1), Major-Minor (3:2:2:1) and Combined (3:2:2:2)
programmes in Mathematics. At 100 Level there are two 3 credit courses each semester, MATH
121 Algebra and Trigonometry, MATH 123 Vectors and Geometry, MATH 122 Calculus I and
MATH 124 Mechanics. To progress to Level 200 Mathematics, candidates are required to pass
these Level 100 courses.
PROGRAMME STRUCTURE
FIRST SEMESTER
LEVEL 100
* UGRC 150 Critical Thinking and Practical Reasoning 3
MATH 121 Algebra and Trigonometry 3
MATH 123 Vectors and Geometry 3
385
SECOND SEMESTER
* UGRC 150 Critical Thinking and Practical Reasoning 3
* UGRC 160 Introduction to Literature 3
MATH 122 : Calculus I 3
MATH 124 Mechanics 3
SINGLE MAJOR IN MATHEMATICS

LEVEL 200
FIRST SEMESTER
Core
Code Title Credits
*UGRC 210/220-238 Academic Writing II/Introduction to African Studies 3
MATH 221 Algebra 3
STAT 221 Introductory Probability I 3
Total 12
*Note: Students to choose 1 UGRC course
SECOND SEMESTER
Core
Code Title Credits
*UGRC 210/220-238 Academic Writing II/Introduction to African 3
Studies
Total 6
Electives (Select a minimum of 6 credits)
MATH 222 Vector Mechanics 3
STAT 224 Introductory Probability II 3
In each semester, students may select 3 credits from another of their 200 level departments.
LEVEL 300
FIRST SEMESTER
Core
Code Title Credits
MATH 351 Linear Algebra 3
MATH 353 Analysis I 3
MATH 355 Calculus of Several Variables 3
*MATH 350 Differential Equations I 3
Total 9-12
386
Electives (Select 3-9 credits)
MATH 361 Classical Mechanics 3
MATH 357 Computational Mathematics I 3
STAT 331 Probability distributions 3
SECOND SEMESTER
Core
Code Title Credits
MATH 354 Abstract Algebra I 3
MATH 356 Analysis II 3
*MATH 350 Differential Equations I 3
Total 9
MATH 366 Electromagnetic Theory I 3
MATH 362 Analytical Mechanics 3
MATH 364 Introductory concepts of Financial Mathematics 3
MATH 358 Computational Mathematics II 3
MATH 368 Introductory Number Theory 3
STAT 332 Multivariate distributions 3
* Please note MATH 350 may be taken in either first or second semester.
LEVEL 400
FIRST SEMESTER
Core
Code Title Credits
MATH 400 Project 3
MATH 441 Advanced Calculus 3
*MATH 440 Abstract Algebra II 3
MATH 447 Complex Analysis 3
Total 12
MATH 443 Differential Geometry 3
MATH 445 Introduction to Functional Analysis 3
MATH 449 Electromagnetic theory II 3
MATH 451 Introduction to Algebraic Field Theory 3
MATH 453 Introduction to Quantum Mechanics 3
SECOND SEMESTER
Core
Code Title Credits
MATH 400 Project 3
MATH 438 Topology 3
*MATH 450 Differential equations II 3
Total 6-9
387
MATH 442 Integration theory and measure 3
MATH 444 Calculus on Manifolds 3
MATH 446 Module Theory 3
MATH 448 Special Relativity 3
MATH 452 Introduction to Lie Groups and Lie Algebras 3
*can be taken in either semester
MAJOR – MINOR IN MATHEMATICS

LEVEL 200
FIRST SEMESTER
Core
Code Title Credits
*UGRC210/220 Academic Writing II/Introduction to African Studies 3
MATH 221 Algebra 3
Total 9
SECOND SEMESTER
Core
Code Title Credits
*UGRC210/220 Academic Writing II/ Introduction to African Studies 3
Total 6
Electives(Select a minimum of 3 credits)
MATH 222 Vector Mechanics 3
LEVEL 300-Major
FIRST SEMESTER
Core
Code Title Credits
Total 9
SECOND SEMESTER
Core
Code Title Credits
MATH 354 Abstract Algebra I 3
MATH 350 Differential Equations I 3
Total 9
In the Major-minor programme a major student will do 6 credits from the minor department.
Major students may choose to add 3 credits from the Mathematics electives offered.
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LEVEL 400-Major
FIRST SEMESTER
Core
Code Title Credits
MATH 440 Abstract Algebra II 3
MATH 447 Complex Analysis 3
Total 9
MATH 400 Project 3
MATH 443 Differential Geometry 3
MATH 453 Introduction to Quantum Mechanics 3
MATH 445 Introduction to Functional Analysis 3
MATH 449 Electromagnetic Theory II 3
MATH 450 Differential equations II 3
MATH 451 Introduction to Algebraic Field Theory 3
SECOND SEMESTER
Core
Code Title Credits
MATH 438 Topology 3
Total 3
MATH 442 Integration theory and Measure 3
MATH 444 Calculus on Manifolds 3
MATH 446 Module Theory 3
MATH 448 Special Relativity 3
MATH 452 Introduction to Lie Groups and Lie Algebras 3
MATH 400 Project 3
A minor in the Major-Minor programme completes the same programme at 200 level as the major
student and at 300 level the minor does 6 credits of Mathematics courses in each semester. There
are no 400 level courses in the minor programme.
COMBINED MAJOR
Students follow the same programme as the major students at 100 and 200 levels and do the same
core courses at 300 and 400 level. In the second semester of 400 level students choose a minimum
of 6 credits from the elective courses.
COURSE DESCRIPTIONS AND PREREQUISITES

Prerequisite for 100 LEVEL: SHS (or equivalent) grade B in elective mathematics.
LEVEL 100
MATH 101: General Mathematics I (Non-Mathematics students)

Indices and Logarithms. Equations and inequalities. Functions and graphs. Arrangements and
selections. Binomial theorem. Limits, differentiation and integration.
389
MATH 121: Algebra and Trigonometry
This course is a precalculus course aiming to develop the students ability to think logically, use
sound mathematical reasoning and understand the geometry in algebra. It examines: logic and
concept of mathematical proof; sequences and series; elementary set theory; the algebra of surds,
indices and logarithms; the concept of a function, identifying domain and range and injective and
surjective functions; trigonometric functions, their inverses, their graphs, circular measure and
trigonometric identities.
MATH 123: Vectors and Geometry

Vectors may be used very neatly to prove several theorems of geometry. This course is about
applying vector operations and the method of mathematical proof (of MATH 121) to geometric
problems. The areas of study include: vector operations with geometric examples; components of
a vector and the scalar product of vectors. Coordinate geometry in the plane including normal
vector to a line, angle between intersecting lines, reflection in a line, angle bisectors and the
equation of a circle, the tangent and the normal at a point.
MATH 122: Calculus I

Calculus is the mathematics of change and motion. This course develops the mathematics of
change and the course MATH 124 will explicitly develop the mathematics of motion. In this
course we address: limits and continuity of real valued functions of a single real variable; the
derivative as a limit, algebraic rules of differentiation, implicit differentiation and the derivative
of a function in parametric form; integration and the solution to first order differential equations.
MATH 124: Mechanics

In this course we deal with the calculus involved with motion. Kinematics deals with the study of
motion without reference to the cause of the motion. So we first study kinematics and then we add
the ingredient of the cause of the motion, force. So, we study statics, where the sum of the forces
on the body is zero and we study dynamics, where the sum of the forces on the body is no longer
zero.
LEVEL 200
Prequisite for 200 LEVEL MATH courses- Passes in MATH 121 and MATH 122.
MATH 221 Algebra

Polar coordinates; conic sections. Complex numbers: algebra, Argand diagram, roots of unity.
Algebra of matrices and determinants, linear transformations. Transformations of the complex
plane. Coordinate geometry in 3 dimensions. Vector product and triple products. Geometry of the
sphere.
MATH 222 Vector Mechanics

1-dimensional kinematics. Forces acting on a particle. 1-dimensional dynamics. Newton's laws of
motion; motion under constant acceleration, resisted motion, simple harmonic motion. 3-
dimensional kinematics. Relative motion. 2-dimensional motion under constant acceleration.
Work, energy and power. Impulse and linear momentum.
MATH 223 Calculus II

Second derivative of a function of a single variable. Applications of first and second derivatives.
Hyperbolic and inverse hyperbolic functions. Methods of integration. Applications of the definite
integral. Ordinary differential equations, first order and second order (with constant coefficients).
Higher derivatives, Taylor (Maclaurin) series expansion of elementary functions.
390
MATH 224 Introductory Abstract Algebra
Equivalences, partial order. Construction of R from Z. Elementary number theory. Axiomatically
defined systems; groups, rings and fields. Morphisms of algebraic structures. Vector spaces.
Homomorphism of vector spaces.
MATH 226 Introductory Programming for Computational Mathematics

Variables, functions, arrays and matrices, classes, introduction to Graphical User Interfaces
(GUI's). Introduction to symbolic computing. Visualization in mathematics.
LEVEL 300
MATH 351 Linear Algebra-prerequisite MATH 221 or MATH 224

Spanning sets. Subspaces, solution spaces. Bases. Linear maps and their matrices. Inverse maps.
Range space, rank and kernel. Eigenvalues and eigenvectors. Diagonalization of a linear operator.
Change of basis. Diagonalizing matrices. Diagonalization theorem. Bases of eigenvectors.
Symmetric maps, matrices and quadratic forms.
MATH 354 Abstract Algebra I-prerequisite MATH 224

Subgroups, cyclic groups.The Stabilizer-Orbit theorem.Lagrange's theorem. Classifying groups.
Structural properties of a group. Cayley's theorem. Generating sets. Direct products. Finite abelian
groups. Cosets and the proof of Lagrange's theorem. Proof of the Stabilizer-Orbit theorem.
MATH 353 Analysis I-prerequisite MATH 223

Normed vector spaces. Limits and continuity of maps between normed vector spaces. The
algebra of continuous functions. Bounded sets of real numbers. Limit of a sequence.
Subsequences. Series with positive terms.Convergence tests. Absolute convergence. Alternating
series. Cauchy sequences and complete spaces.
MATH 356 Analysis II-prerequisite MATH 223

Sequences of functions. Pointwise and uniform convergence. Power series. The contraction
mapping theorem and application. Real analysis. Definition of integral and condition for
integrability. Proof of the fundamental theorem of calculus and major basic results involved in its
proof.
MATH 361 Classical Mechanics -prerequisite MATH 222

1-dimensional dynamics: damped and forced oscillations. Motion in a plane: projectiles, circular
motion, use of polar coordinates and intrinsic coordinates. Two-body problems, variable mass.
Motion under a central, non-inertial frame. Dynamics of a system of particles.
MATH 366 Electromagnetic Theory I

Scalar and vector fields, grad, div and curl operators. Orthogonal curvilinear coordinates.
Electrostatics: charge, Coulomb's law, the electric field and electrostatic potential, Gauss's law,
Laplace's and Poisson's equations. Conductors in the electrostatic field. Potential theory.
MATH 362 Analytical Mechanics- prerequisite MATH 222

Rigid body motion, rotation about a fixed axis. General motion in a plane, rigid bodies in contact,
impulse. General motion of a rigid body. Euler-Lagrange equations of motion.
391
MATH 364 Introductory concepts in Financial Mathematics-prerequisite MATH 223/STAT
221/224
Probability functions, random variables and their distributions, functions of random variables;
basic theorems for functions of independent random variables, characteristic function of a random
variable; central limit theorem, random walks and martingales; Markov chain, Markov process,
queuing theory.
MATH 350 Differential Equations I-prerequisite MATH 223

Differential forms of 2 and 3 variables. Exactness and integrability conditions. Existence and
uniqueness of solution. Second order differential equations with variable coefficients. Reduction
of order, variation of parameters. Series solution. Ordinary and regular singular points. Orthogonal
sets of functions. Partial differential equations.
MATH 355 Calculus of Several Variables-prerequisite MATH 223

Functions of several variables, partial derivative. Directional derivative, gradient. Local extema,
constrained extrema. Lagrange multipliers. The gradient, divergence and curl operators. Line,
surface and volume integrals. Green's theorem, divergence theorem, Stokes' theorem.
MATH 359 Discrete Mathematics-prerequisite MATH 224

Boolean algebra. Combinatorics languages and grammars. Recurrence relations, generating
functions and applications. Problems of definition by induction: no closed form, infinite loops and
the halting problem. Algorithms: correctness, complexity, efficiency. Graph theory: planarity,
Euler circuits, shortest-path algorithm. Network flows. Modelling computation: languages and
grammars, models, finite state machines, Turing machines.
MATH 357 Computational Mathematics I

Error analysis. Rootfinding; 1 and 2 point methods. Linear systems of equations, matrix algebra,
pivoting. Analysis of algorithms. Iterative methods. Interpolation, polynomial approximation,
divided differences. Initial value problems, single and multistep methods. Numerical integration.
MATH 358 Computational Mathematics II

Multi-dimensional root-finding. Optimization. Non-linear systems of equations. Eigenvalues.
Numerical methods for ordinary differential equations and for partial differential equations.
MATH 368 Introductory Number Theory

This course covers results of elementary number theory. Topics include: divisibility and
factorization; congruences; arithmetic functions; quadratic residues; the primitive root theorem;
continued fractions and topics from computational number theory.
MATH 441 Advanced Calculus

Linear and affine maps between normed vector spaces. Limits, continuity, tangency of maps and
the derivative as a linear map. Component-wise differentiation, partial derivatives, the Jacobian as
the matrix of the linear map. Generalized mean value theorem. Inverse map theorem. Implicit
function theorem.
MATH 442 Integration theory and Measure

Generalisation of the Riemann (R) integral (eg Kurzweil-Henstock (KH) integral). Lebesgue (L)
integral. Relationship between the KH-integrable, L-integrable and R-integrable functions.
Convergence theorems. Measurability. Measure.
392
MATH 443 Differential Geometry
Arclength, curvature and torsion of a curve. Geometry of surfaces. Curvature, first and second
fundamental form, Christofel symbols. Geodesics. Parallel vector fields. Surfaces of constant
Gaussian curvature. Introduction to manifolds, tangent spaces and tangent bundles. Vector fields
and Lie brackets. Parallel vector fields on manifolds and Riemannian manifolds.
MATH 444 Calculus on Manifolds

Manifold, submanifold, differentiability of maps between manifolds, the tangent space, the tangent
bundle and the tangent functor. Vector bundle. The exterior algebra, the notion of a differentiable
form on a manifold, singular n-chains and integration of a form over a chain. Partition of unity.
Application to Stokes' theorem.
MATH 440 Abstract Algebra II

Finite groups. Sylow theorems and simple groups. Composition series and Jordan-Holder theorem.
Direct and semi-direct products. Abelian groups, torsion, torsion-free and mixed abelian groups.
Finitely generated group and subgroups. P-groups, nilpotent groups and solvable groups.
Introduction to module theory.
MATH 446 Module Theory

Modules, submodules, homomorphism of modules. Quotient modules, free (finitely generated)
modules. Exact sequences of modules. Direct sum and product of modules. Chain conditions,
Noetherian and Artinian modules. Projective and injective modules. Tensor product, categories
and functors. Hom and duality of modules.
MATH 447 Complex Analysis

Elementary topology of the complex plane. Complex functions and mappings. The derivative.
Differentiability and analyticity. Harmonic functions. Integrals. Maximum modulus, Cauchy-
Gorsat, Cauchy theorems. Applications. Taylor and Laurent series, zeros and poles of a complex
function. Residue theorem and consequences. Conformal mapping, analytic continuation.
MATH 438 Topology

Topological spaces. Basis for a topological space. Separation and countability properties. Limit
points, closure and interior. Connectedness, compactness, subspace topology. Homeomorphism,
continuity, metrizability. General product spaces and the general Tychonoff theorem.
MATH 443 Differential Geometry

Arclength, curvature and torsion of a curve. Geometry of surfaces. Curvature, first and second
fundamental form, Christofel symbols. Geodesics. Parallel vector fields. Surfaces of constant
curvature. Introduction to manifolds, tangent space, tangent bundle. Vector fields and Lie
brackets. Parallel vector fields on manifolds. Riemannian manifold.
MATH 451 Introduction to Quantum Mechanics

(Principle of least action, Hamilton's equation, Poisson brackets. Liouville's equation.) Canonical
transformations. Symmetry and conservation laws. Postulates of quantum mechanics, the wave
formalism. Dynamical variables. The Schrodinger equation in one-dimension; free particles in a
box, single step and square well potentials. Orbital angular momentum. The 3-dimensional
Schrodinger equation; motion in a central force field, the 3-d square well potential, the hydrogenic
atom. Heisenberg's equation of motion, harmonic oscillator and angular momentum.
393
MATH 448 Special Relativity
Galilean relativity, postulates of special relativity; Lorentz transformations. Lorentz-Fitzgerald
contraction, time dilation. 4-vectors, relativistic mechanics, kinematics and force, conservation
laws; decay of particles; collision problems, covariant formulation of electrodynamics.
MATH 445 Introductory Functional Analysis

Finite dimensional normed vector spaces. Equivalent norms. Banach spaces.Infinite-dimensional
normed vector spaces--Hamel and Schauder bases; separability. Compact linear operators on a
Banach space. Complementary subspaces and the open-mapping theorem. Closed Graph theorem.
Hilbert spaces. Special subspaces of l¥ and l1 and the dual space. The completion of a normed
vector space. Reflexive Banach spaces
MATH 450 Differential Equations II

Classification of second order partial differential equations. Legendre’s equation/polynomial.
Gamma function and Bessel equation. Laplace transforms/equations. Fourier series. Boundary
value problems. Application to heat conduction, vibrating strings and the 1-dimensional wave
equation.
MATH 451 Introduction to Algebraic Field Theory-prerequisite MATH 354

Algebraic numbers. Extending fields. Towers of fields. Irreducible polynomials. Constructible
numbers and fields. Transcendence of π and є. Residue rings and fields.
MATH 452 Introduction to Lie Groups and Lie Algebras

Vector fields and groups of linear transformations. The exponential map. Linear groups and their
Lie algebras. Connectedness. Closed subgroups. The classical groups. Manifolds, homogeneous
spaces and Lie groups. Integration and representation.
DEPARTMENT OF STATISTICS
INTRODUCTION
The Department of Statistics runs three under-graduate programmes in Statistics and two in Actuarial
Science. They are: Single Major in Statistics, Major- Minor in Statistics and Combined Major in
Statistics.
The other two new programmes in Actuarial Science are: Single Major in Actuarial Science and
Major- Minor in Actuarial Science.
STATISTICS
The basic qualification for admission into Level 200-400 programmes in Statistics is a pass with at
least Grade C in Level 100 courses in Mathematics and Statistics, that is, in MATH 121
Algebra and Trigonometry, MATH 122 Calculus I, STAT 111 Introduction to Statistics
and STAT 112
Elementary Probability. Probability is the foundation of Statistics and every Statistics course in the
programmes that the Department offers has an element of probability in it. The Department runs
Single Major (3:2:1:1), Major-Minor (3:2:2:1) and Combined (3:2:2:2) programmes in Statistics.
At 100 Level there are two 3 credit courses that are mandatory for all students who want to
progress to Level 200 with Statistics: MATH 121 Algebra and Trigonometry and MATH
394
122: Calculus I. To progress to Level 200 Statistics, candidates are required to pass these Level
100 courses.
The Social Science and the Science students who opt for any of the programmes on offer in
Statistics will attend lectures together and take the same examination papers. Some minimum level
of University Mathematics (Level 100 at least) is required for a good understanding of the
Probability courses (STAT 112 Elementary Probability, STAT 221 Introductory Probability I,
STAT 224 Introductory Probability II, STAT 331 Probability Distributions, STAT 332
Multivariate Distributions), which are crucial to the Philosophy and Objectives of the
Department, namely, to focus our Learning and Training Activities on the logic and principles that
should guide rational decision making in conditions of uncertainty. This Philosophy equips our
students with skills that all employers consider desirable.
ACTUARIAL SCIENCE
The basic qualification into Level 200 – 400 programmes in Actuarial Science is a pass in Level
100 courses in Mathematics and Actuarial Science, that is, in MATH 121: Algebra and
Trigonometry MATH 122: Calculus I, ACTU 101: Introduction to Statistics and Probability for
Actuaries.
There will be two offerings: (i) SINGLE MAJOR in ACTUARIAL SCIENCE and
(ii) MAJOR – MINOR in ACTUARIAL SCIENCE
For the MAJOR – MINOR in ACTUARIAL SCIENCE, Applications from students who want to
do the following combinations are particularly welcome:
ACTUARIAL SCIENCE (MAJOR) AND

Mathematics (minor), Computer Science (minor), Economics (minor), Finance (minor).
PROGRAMME STRUCTURE FOR ACTUARIAL SCIENCE
LEVEL 100
First Semester
Core
ACTU 101 Introduction to Statistics and Probability for Actuaries 3
CSCD 101 Introduction to Computer Science I 3
ECON 101 Introduction to Economics I 3
Total 15
Second Semester
CourseCode Course Title Credits
Core
UGRC110 Academic Writing I 3
UGRC130 Understanding Human Societies 3
MATH 122 Calculus I 3
CSCD 102 Introduction to Computer Science II 3
ECON 102 Introduction to Economics II 3
Total 15
395
SINGLE MAJOR IN ACTUARIAL SCIENCE
LEVEL 200
First Semester
Core
UGBS 205 Fundamentals of Accounting Methods 3
MATH 221 Algebra 3
Electives (Select 0 – 3 Credits)
STAT 223 Elementary Statistical Methods 3
Second Semester
Core
ACTU 202 Data Analysis and Statistical Computing 3
CSCD 204 Databases 3
LEVEL 300
First Semester
Core
STAT 331 Probability Distributions 3
ACTU 303 Introduction to Financial Mathematics 3
ACTU 320 Internship in Actuarial Science 3
Total 15
Electives (Select 3 Credits)
STAT 333 Statistical Methods I 3
STAT 335 Sample Survey Methods 3
396
Second Semester
Core
STAT 332 Multivariate Distributions 3
ACTU 304 Life Contingencies 3
ACTU 320 Internship in Actuarial Science 3
Total 15
CSCD 314 Operations Research 3
STAT 334 Statistical Methods II 3
LEVEL 400
First Semester
Core
ACTU 403 Elements of Life Insurance 3
ACTU 410 Project 3
Total 9

ACTU 407 Survival Analysis and Modelling 3
ACTU 409 Introduction to Actuarial Mathematics 3
STAT 445 Regression Analysis 3
STAT 451 Introduction to Stochastic Processes 3
STAT 453 Population Statistics 3
STAT 457 Economic and Social Statistics I 3
MATH 435 Introductory Functional Analysis 3
Second Semester
Core
ACTU 410 Project 3
ACTU 404 Pensions and Social Security 3
Total 9
STAT 458 Economic and Social Statistics II 3
MATH 442 Differential Equation II 3
397
MAJOR - MINOR IN ACTUARIAL SCIENCE
LEVEL 200
First Semester
Core
UGBS 205 Fundamentals of Accounting 3
Second Semester
CourseCode Course Title Credits
Core
ACTU 202 Data Analysis and Statistical Computing 3
(Select 0 – 3 Credits)
LEVEL 300
First Semester
Core
ACTU 303 Introduction to Financial Mathematics 3
Choose ONE of the following Courses
Total 9
Second Semester
Core
ACTU 304 Life Contingencies 3
ACTU 320 Internship in Actuarial Practice 1
Choose ONE of the following Courses
CSCD 314 Operations Research 3
Total 10
398
LEVEL 400
First Semester
Core
ACTU 403 Elements of Life Insurance 3
ACTU 410 Project Work 3
Total 9
ACTU 407 Survival Analysis and Modelling 3
ACTU 409 Introduction to Actuarial Mathematics 3
SECOND SEMESTER
Core
ACTU 410 Project Work 3
ACTU 404 Pensions and Social Security 3
Total 6
PROGRAMME STRUCTURE FOR STATISTICS

Code Title Credits
STAT 101 Introduction to Statistics 3
MATH 123 Vectors and Geometry 3
Select 3 credits
CSCD 101 Introduction to Computer Science I 3
PSYC 101 Elements of Psychology 3
Total 15
SECOND SEMESTER
Code Title Credits
URGC 110 Academic Writing I 3
UGRC 130 Understanding Human Society 3
MATH 122 Calculus I 3
MATH 124 Mechanics 3
STAT 102 Elementary Probability 3
399
Select 3 credits
CSCD 102 Introduction to Computer Science II 3
PSYC 102 Psychology for Everyday Living 3
Total 15
SINGLE MAJOR IN STATISTICS

LEVEL 200
FIRST SEMESTER
Core
Course Code Course Titles Credits
UGRC 210/220-238 Academic Writing II/ Introduction to African Studies 3
MATH 221 Algebra 3
Total 15
SECOND SEMESTER
Core
UGRC 210/ 220-238 Academic Writing II/ Introduction to African Studies 3
STAT 222 Data Analysis I 2
STAT 226 Official Statistics 2
Total 10
*Note: Students to choose 1 UGRC course 10
LEVEL 300
FIRST SEMESTER
Core
Total 12
400
SECOND SEMESTER
Core
STAT 334 Statistical Methods 3
STAT 336 Design of Experiments 3
Total 12
LEVEL 400
FIRST SEMESTER
Core

STAT 443 Theory of Sampling 3
STAT 450 Project 3
Total 9
STAT 441 Statistical Inference: Estimation 3
STAT 447 Non-Parametric Statistics 3

STAT 455 Actuarial Statistics I 3
STAT 440 Data Analysis II 3
MATH 435 Introductory Functional Analysis 3
SECOND SEMESTER
Core
STAT 444 Survey Organization and Management 3
STAT 450 Project Work 3
Total 6
STAT 442 Statistical Inference: Tests of Hypothesis 3
STAT 446 Multivariate Methods 3
STAT 448 Analysis of Experimental Designs 3
STAT 456 Actuarial Statistics II 3
401
MATH 422 Integration Theory and Measure 3
MATH 442 Differential Equation II 3
MAJOR-MINOR IN STATISTICS
LEVEL 200
FIRST SEMESTER
Core
UGRC 210/220-238 Academic Writing II/Introduction to African Studies 3
Total 9
SECOND SEMESTER
Core
UGRC 210/220-238 Academic Writing II/ Introduction to African Studies 3
Total 10
LEVEL 300
FIRST SEMESTER
Core

Total 9
SECOND SEMESTER
Core
Total 9
402
LEVEL 400
FIRST SEMESTER
Core
STAT 450 Project 3
Total 9
STAT 441 Statistical Inference Estimation 3
SECOND SEMESTER
Core
STAT 450 Project 3
Total 6
STAT 454 Biometrics 3
COMBINED MAJOR STATISTICS

LEVEL 200
FIRST SEMESTER
Core

UGRC 210/220 Academic Writing II/Liberal and African Studies 3
Total 9
403
SECOND SEMESTER
Core
UGRC 210/220 Academic Writing II/ Liberal and African Studies 3
Total 10
LEVEL 300
FIRST SEMESTER
Core
Total 9
SECOND SEMESTER
Core
Total 9
LEVEL 400
FIRST SEMESTER
Core

Total 6
STAT 441 Statistical Inference Estimation 3
STAT 450 Project 3
404
SECOND SEMESTER
STAT 450 Project 3
STAT 454 Biometrics 3
Total 9
COURSE DESCRIPTIONS
ACTUARIAL SCIENCE
ACTU 101: Introduction to Statistics and Probability for Actuaries
To introduce students to basic concepts in Statistical Methods and Probability. Topics include
introduction to Statistics: The interpretation of data. Types of data. Methods of data
transformation: Graphical display of data, numerical characterization of data. Univariate and
bivariate exploratory data analysis. Introduction to basic concepts of Probability. Random events,
and Random Variables. The Probability Calculus and some univariate probability distributions.
Some applications to Actuarial Science.
LEVEL 200, 300 and 400 COURSES
ACTU 202: Data Analysis and Statistical Computing

To acquaint students with elementary modern computing methods appropriate to the work of an
actuary. This course is largely practical and involves analyzing large data sets. Students will be
introduced to modeling and statistical simulations using modern statistical software such as R.
Exploratory Data Analysis and Confirmatory Data Analysis of both univariate and bivariate cases
will be explored. Applications will be tailored to meet requirements of the Actuarial profession
with hands-on training sessions with large data sets. No ‘new’ statistical methods should be
presented but interesting data can be analyzed using known methods on the chosen package.
Topics should include graphics, descriptive statistics, representations of multivariate data, simple
hypothesis tests, analysis of variance, and linear regression.
ACTU 320: Internship in Actuarial Science

Aim: The core aim of this course is to introduce students to the Actuarial practices in jobs that
they find themselves in. This in turn will bridge the gap between theory and practice. The course is
offered in both semesters to students to seek practical applications of actuarial principles in
insurance companies, financial institutions, pension consulting firms, and other related fields. The
course requires students to participate in an internship program within the industry. Students need
to submit monthly progress reports and a final semester report to the Head, Department of
Statistics, University of Ghana, Legon.
ACTU 303: Introduction to Financial Mathematics

To provide grounding in Financial Mathematics and its simple applications. Topics to be
introduced include: Time value of money. Simple and Compound Interest accumulation and
discount functions. Theoretical continuous cases of forces of interest and discount, effective rates
405
of interest and discount and present values, as applied to annuities and other financial products,
and applications including the determination of loan repayment once interest rate assumptions
have been made.
ACTU 304: Life Contingencies

To help students to know the fundamental techniques relevant to the valuation of cash flows which
are a function of death, survival and other uncertain risks. Models that depict time until death,
analysis of probability distributions and present values associated with multiple decrement and
multiple life models. Application of probability to problems of life and death. The determination
of premiums for insurances and annuities in discrete and continuous cases. Single life annuity and
life insurance loss random variables and their probability distributions with application to analysis
of benefits, premiums, net premiums and net premium reserves. Mortality table, measures of
mortality, force of mortality graduation. The identity of the forces.
ACTU 403: Elements of Life Insurance

To instill the ability, in simple situations, to use judgment and apply the principles of actuarial
planning and control needed for the operation on sound financial lines of providers of life
insurance. Principal terms; The main contract types; The principles of life insurance markets; Data
requirements and verification; Product pricing; Reserving; Surrender values; Policy alterations;
Derivation of actuarial assumptions; Measurement and analysis of surplus; Methods of distributing
surplus to policyholders; Principles of investment and asset-liability modeling; Principles of
regulation and accounting; Risk and uncertainty in life insurance business; Principles of risk
management including reinsurance; Life insurance regulations, including: Taxation, Accounting,
Supervisory regulation; Experience rating; Future financial requirements including dynamic
financial analysis; Value of a life company; Evaluation of the capital requirements of a life insurer
for the purpose of determining the strategy for growth in business.
ACTU 404: Pensions and Social Security

To make students aware of the environment of effective social security system and pension and
employee benefit schemes. The theory and practice of social security and state, occupational and
personal pension plan funding. Features of the main employee benefit schemes, principles of
financing, including asset and liability relationships. Legislative framework on retirement and
various benefit schemes. Tax management, economic and demographic factors, accounting for
pension cots, valuation data collection, analysing experience, valuing liabilities and assets,
calculating contribution rates; choice and management of assets.
ACTU 407: Survival Analysis and Modelling

To provide understanding of survival analyses and how to model concepts in practice in order to
fix a trail for information. Topics that students will be exposed to include: Survival models,
estimation of survival function and hazard function, estimation and fitting of survival model,
parametric survival model, determining the optional parameters. Models for loss severity:
parametric models, models for loss frequency, mixed Poisson models, compound Poisson models.
Aggregate claims models, Classical ruin theory.
ACTU 409: Introduction to Actuarial Mathematics

To provide introductory preparation in Actuarial mathematics and their applications. Deterministic
theory of interest (i.e. traditional compound interest, cash-flow modelling; annuities certain, bond
market theory), Introduction to contingent claims analysis (i.e. definition of derivative securities,
no arbitrage principle); Stochastic calculus for finance (conditional expectation, introduction to
martingales, stochastic integrals and differential equations, pricing and hedging of derivatives);
406
Stochastic theory of interest; interest rate models (discrete and continuous time); derivatives on
interest rates and bonds; Dynamic portfolio management (asset-liability modeling; introduction to
stochastic optimal control); Introductory applications to insurance liabilities (embedded options in
life insurance; valuation techniques for embedded options)
STATISTICS
STAT 111: Introduction to Statistics

Introduction to Statistics. The reduction and interpretation of data.
STAT 112: Elementary Probability

Introduction to basic concepts of Probability, Random event and Random ariables.
Probability Calculus and some univariate probability distributions.
STAT 221: Introductory Probability I (Pre-req. MATH 121, 122)

Introduction to the concepts of probability, Random Events, and Random Variables. The
Probability Calculus, Univariate probability distributions.
STAT 222: Data Analysis I (Pre-Req. STAT 223)

The aim of this course is to give students practice in handling large data Sets; specifically to
provide opportunities for Descriptive and Exploratory Studies.
STAT 223: Elementary Statistical Methods

Bivariate Data Analysis. Time Series and Elements of statistical inference.
STAT 224: Introductory Probability II (Pre-Req. STAT 221)

Bivariate Distributions. Moment G e n e r a t i n g F u nc tio n s ; t h e i r properties and uses.
Sampling distributions. Distributions associated with samples from a Normal population. The
Weak Law of Large Numbers and the Central Limit Theorem. Applications.
STAT 226: Official Statistics

Purposes and Scope of Official Statistics. Structure and Work of the National Statistical System.
Organisational, Methods and Practices of data collection and dissemination.
STAT 331: Probability Distributions (Pre-req. STAT 221, 224)

Elementary Distribution T heo r y. Generating Functions. Sequences o f random variables;
the Central Limit Theorem and its applications.
STAT 332: Multivariate Distributions (Pre-req. STAT 331)

Introduction to Vector Random Variables. Distribution Concepts for Several random variables.
Transformations of random vectors. Order Statistics. The multivariate Normal Distribution.
STAT 333: Statistical Methods I (Pre-req. STAT 224)

The first part of a two-semester Course providing a systematic development of the principles and
methods of statistical inference, on a largely intuitive basis, with a minimum of mathematical
theory. This part deals with the general nature of Statistical Problems, Statistical Models and
Problems of Estimation.
407
STAT 334: Statistical Methods II (Pre-req. STAT 333)
Sequel to STAT 333. General Principles and Procedures of Hypothesis Testing. Parametric and
Non-parametric Tests. Simple Linear Regression and Correlation Analysis. The Analysis of
Frequency Data.
STAT 335: Sample Survey Methods

Basic Sample Survey procedures and Sample Designs. Estimation of population parameters.
Sampling and Non-Sampling Errors.
STAT 336: Design of Experiments (Pre-req. STAT 223)

Basic concepts and principles of experimental Statistics. Analysis of Variance for standard
experimental designs. The estimation of treatment Effects.
STAT 440: Data Analysis II (Pre-req. STAT 222, 233)

Summary Statistics for Multivariate Data. Data Presentation and Report Writing. Random Sample
Selection. Discrete Analysis. Fitting and Testing Probability Models. Regression and Curve
Fitting. Analysis of Experimental Data.
STAT 441: Statistical Inference: Estimation (Pre-req. STAT 331, 333)

The Theoretical basis of the methods of Point and Interval Estimation. Uniformly Minimum
Variance Unbiased (UMVU) Estimation, and Maximum Likelihood Estimation.
STAT 442: Statistical Inference: Tests of Hypotheses (Pre-req. STAT 331, 334)
The Theory of Hypothesis Testing. Optimal tests. Uniformly Most Powerful Test. Likelihood
Ratio and related procedures.
STAT 443: Theory of Sampling (Pre-req. STAT 224)

Analysis and comparison of various sampling schemes. Optimal designs.
STAT 444: Survey Organization and Management (Pre-req. STAT 335)

Multi-subject and specialized Socio-Economic Surveys. Household Survey. Planning, Design and
Organization. Error C o n t r o l . Problems relati ng to Concepts, D e fi n i t i o n s ,
C l a s s i f i c a t i o n a n d Measurement.
STAT 445: Regression Analysis (Pre-req. STAT 334)

The methods of regression analysis extended to situations involving more than one predictor
variable. Special emphasis on problems associated with the presence of several predictors.
STAT 446: Multivariate Methods (Pre-req. STAT 332)

Introduction to theory and methods of Multivariate Data Analysis; Estimation and Tests of
Hypotheses, Profile Analysis, Multivariate Structure, Discriminant Analysis.
STAT 447: Non-Parametric Statistics (Pre-req. STAT 333, 304)

Some Single Sample problems; the problem of location, The Sign Test, The Wilcoxon Signed
Ranks test. Some Two-Sample Problems: The Chi-Square Test for Homogeneity, the Median
Test, the Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon Test. Chi-Square Tests of Independence. Some Users of Order
Statistics Distributions under alternative Hypotheses.
408
STAT 448: Analysis of Experimental Designs (Pre-req. STAT 336)
Model specialization for single-factor and multi-factor designs. Main effects, specific effects and
interactions. Estimation. Multiple Comparisons. Analysis of covariance.
STAT 450: Project

This is a yearlong project. Student presents a project on a topical issue in Statistics using tools
acquired over the period to solve statistical problems.
STAT 451: Introduction to Stochastic Processes (Pre-req. STAT 331)

Stochastic models in the natural and social sciences. Some discrete and continuous time processes.
Basic theory and Applications.
STAT 453: Population Statistics

Demographic Concepts and Measures. Collection and Evaluation of demographic data. Analysis
of Demographic data. The Dynamics of Population change.
STAT 454: Biometrics (Pre-req. STAT 331)

Biological assay, Analysis of quantal responses. Agricultural and Clinical Trials. Sampling and
Estimation of Biological Populations.
STAT 455: Actuarial Statistics I (Financial Statistics) (Pre-req. STAT 331)

Principles of time value of money. Concepts of Compound Interest and Discounting. Interest or
Discount Rates. Compound Interest Functions. Investment Projects appraisals. Stochastic Interest
Rate Models.
STAT 456 : Actuarial Statistics II (Pre-req. STAT 455, Recommended STAT 453) Principles
of simple life insurance and annuity contracts. Means and variances of payment under these
contracts. Determination of expected present value and variances of benefits. Determination of
net premiums and net premium policy values. Survival models.
STAT 457: Economic and Social Statistics I (Pre-req. STAT 226)

Statistics on Economic and Social Activities and Trends, and their uses. Methods and Sources of
Data Collection. Indices and Indicators of Economic Activity. Indicators of Social Development
and Living Standard.
STAT 458: Economic and Social Statistics II (Pre-req. STAT 447)

Introduction to the System of National Accounts (SNA). The System, its Accounts and their
corresponding economic activities. Input-Output Tables. Social Accounting. Corresponding
economic activities. Input-Output Tables. Social Accounting.
409
410

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UNIVERSITY OF GHANA

HANDBOOK FOR THE BACHELOR'S DEGREE

A publication of the Academic Affairs Directorate: compiled and typeset by the

For all enquiries in connection with this Handbook, write to:

The Director (Academic Affairs Directorate)

VOLUME 1: REGULATIONS FOR JUNIOR MEMBERS AND STUDENT

Undergraduate students should therefore have Volume 1 and either Volume 2,

Courses from College of Basic and Applied Sciences

Course Code Course Title Target Group

UGRC 220- Introduction to African All students

* See write up below on structure for Understanding Human Societies

UGRC 110: Academic Writing I

UGRC 120: Numeracy Skills

UGRC 131-136 Understanding Human Societies

UGRC 132: Understanding Human Societies/Religion and Societies

UGRC 133: Understanding Human Societies/Economy and Business

UGRC 134: Understanding Human Societies/Language in Society

UGRC 136: Understanding Human Societies/Governance in the Information society

UGRC 141-146: Science and Technology in our Lives

UGRC 141: Science and Technology in our Lives/Everyday Physics

UGRC 142: Animals as Friends of Humans

UGRC 143: Science and Technology in our Lives/Earth Resources

UGRC 144: Science and Technology in our Lives/Geohazards

UGRC 146: Science and Technology in our lives/Chemistry and Life

UGRC 150: Critical Thinking and Practical Reasoning

UGRC 160: Introduction to Literature

UGRC 210: Academic Writing II

UGRC 220-238: Introduction to African Studies

UGRC 220: Introduction to African Studies/ Appropriate Technology for Development in

UGRC 222: Introduction to African Studies/ Africa in the Contemporary World

UGRC 223: Introduction to African Studies/ Africa and the Diaspora

UGRC 224: Introduction to African Studies/African Popular Culture: Traditional Festivals

UGRC 226: Introduction to African Studies/African Drama

UGRC 227: Introduction to African Studies/African Music

UGRC228: Introduction to African Studies/Chieftaincy and Development

UGRC 229: Introduction to African Studies/ Culture and Development

UGRC 230: Introduction to African Studies/ Gender and Culture in Africa

UGRC 231: Introduction to African Studies/Gender and Development

 understand the key concepts in gender and development

UGRC 232: Introduction to African Studies/Issues in Africa’s Population

UGRC 233: Introduction to African Studies/Our African Heritage through Literature

UGRC 234: Introduction to African Studies/Philosophy in African Cultures

UGRC 235: Introduction to African Studies/Dagbani

UGRC 237: INTRODUCTION TO AFRICAN STUDIES/GA

UGRC 238: INTRODUCTION TO AFRICAN STUDIES/ASANTE TWI

COURSE OUTLINES (THEORY)

SPAC 220 SOCIOLOGY OF SPORTS 2 credits

SPAC 230 SPORTS THEORY 2 credits

SPAC 240 SPORTS PHYSIOLOGY 2 credits

SPAC 250 HISTORY AND PHILOSOPHY OF SPORTS 2 credits

SPAC 260 ELEMENTS OF SPORTS FITNESS 2 credits

SPAC 310 SPORTS INJURIES 2 credits

SPAC 320 SPORTS PSYCHOLOGY 2 credits

SPAC 330 ECONOMICS OF SPORTS 2 credits

SPAC 350 SPORTS NUTRITION 2 credits

SPAC 360 PRINCIPLES OF SPORTS PERFORMANCE 2 credits

SPAC 370 SPORTS MANAGEMENT 2 credits

SPAC 380 SPORTS COMMUNICATION 2 credits

SPAC 281 - 295 SPORTS SPECIFIC EVENTS/DISCIPLINES (PRACTICALS)

UNIVERSITY OF GHANA BUSINESS SCHOOL