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    Lecture _Paragraph writing_FYC

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    Lecture _Paragraph writing_FYC

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    4 views18 pages

    Lecture _Paragraph writing_FYC

    Uploaded by

    fardinvines3

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    ENG 001

    FUNCTIONAL
    ENGLISH
    Dr Farzana Yesmen Chowdhury
    Email: farzana.Chowdhury@cu.ac.bd
    A paragraph is often defined as a
    group of related sentences in which
    one single main idea is developed. In
    a typical paragraph, the first sentence
    Paragraph declares the main topic of the
    paragraph and the rest of the
    Writing sentences develop or support the main
    idea. A paragraph is most often a part
    of a longer composition comprising of
    several paragraphs.
    A collection of related sentences
    dealing with one topic
    A clear main idea
    A Paragraph is…
    Supporting information

    Part of a longer composition

    A miniature essay
    The paragraphs have three
    parts
    Topic sentence
    Supporting details
    Closing Sentence
    Topic sentence
    What is the topic sentence?
    - The topic sentence is the first sentence in a paragraph.
    What does it do?
    - It introduces the main idea of the paragraph.
    How do I write one?
    Summarize the main idea of your paragraph. Indicate to
    the reader what your paragraph will be about.
    Supporting details
    What are supporting sentences?
    They come after the topic sentence, making up the body of a
    paragraph.
    What do they do?
    They give details to develop and support the main idea of the
    paragraph.
    How do I write them?
    You should give supporting facts, details, and examples.
    Closing sentence
    What is the closing sentence?
    The closing sentence is the last sentence in a paragraph.
    What does it do?
    It restates the main idea of your paragraph.
    How do I write one?
    Restate the main idea of the paragraph using different words
    Outline with example
    Write your paragraph in topic outline form as There are three reasons why Canada is one of
    follows. Don't actually write sentences in the the best countries in the world. First, Canada
    outline, except for the topic sentence. has an excellent health care system. All
    Topic sentence: Canadians have access to medical services at
    A. Supporting idea (1) a reasonable price. Second, Canada has a high
    1.
    2. standard of education. Students are taught by
    B. Supporting idea (2) well-trained teachers and are encouraged to
    1. continue studying at university. Finally,
    2.
    C. Supporting idea (3) Canada's cities are clean and efficiently
    1. managed. Canadian cities have many parks
    2.
    and lots of space for people to live. As a
    Concluding sentence:
    result, Canada is a desirable place to live.
    Prewriting Paragraphs

    What is the prewriting stage?


    The prewriting stage is when you think carefully and organize your ideas for your
    paragraph before you begin writing.
    Six Prewriting Steps:
    1. Think carefully about what you are going to write.
    Ask yourself: What question am I going to answer in this paragraph or essay? How
    can I best answer this question? What is the most important part of my answer? How
    can I make an introductory sentence (or thesis statement) from the most important
    part of my answer? What facts or ideas can I use to support my introductory
    sentence? How can I make this paragraph or essay interesting? Do I need more facts
    on this topic? Where can I find more facts on this topic?
    2. Open your notebook
    Write out your answers to the above questions. You do not need to spend a lot
    of time doing this; just write enough to help you remember why and how you
    are going to write your paragraph or essay.
    3. Collect facts related to your paragraph or essay topic
    Look for and write down facts that will help you to answer your question.
    Timesaving hint: make sure the facts you are writing are related to the exact
    question you are going to answer in your paragraph or essay.
    4. Write down your own ideas
    Ask yourself: What else do I want to say about this topic? Why should
    people be interested in this topic? Why is this topic important?
    5. Find the main idea of your paragraph or essay
    Choose the most important point you are going to present.
    6. Organize your facts and ideas in a way that develops your main
    idea.

    Once you have chosen the most important point of your


    paragraph or essay, you must find the best way to tell your
    reader about it. Look at the facts you have written. Look at
    your own ideas on the topic. Decide which facts and ideas
    will best support the main idea of your paragraph. Once you
    have chosen the facts and ideas you plan to use, ask yourself
    which order to put them in the paragraph. Write down your
    own note set that you can use to guide yourself as you write
    your paragraph or essay.
    What is the writing stage?
    The writing stage is when you turn your ideas
    into sentences.
    Five Writing Steps
    1. Open your notebook and word processor.
    Writing 2. Write the topic sentence, supporting
    paragraphs sentences, and closing sentence.
    3. Write clear and simple sentences to express
    your meaning.
    4. Focus on the main idea of your paragraph.
    5. Use the dictionary to help you find
    additional words to express your ideas.
    Editing Paragraphs

    What is the editing stage?


    The editing stage is when you check your
    paragraph for mistakes and correct them.
    Grammar and Spelling
    1. Check your spelling
    2. Check your grammar
    3. Read your essay again
    4. Make sure each sentence has a subject
    5. See if your subjects and verbs agree with
    each other
    6. Check the verb tenses of each sentence.
    7. Make sure that each sentence makes sense
    Publishing paragraphs

    What is the publishing stage?


    The publishing stage is when you produce a final copy of your paragraph
    to hand in.
    Three Publishing Steps:
    1. Make a paper copy of your paragraph
    2. Show your work to your teacher or tutor
    3. Ask them for hints on how to improve your writing
    Types of paragraphs

    • Descriptive – to tell/to describe


    • Narrative - to express/to entertain
    • Expository – to inform/to explain
    • Persuasive – to influence/to persuade
    Conclusion

    Process of Writing
    • Gather - relevant information
    • Organize – meaningful sequence
    • Draft – first/rough draft
    • Edit – check, revise, refine
    • Publish - final version
    A good paragraph has . . .

    Unity - One main idea - Topic Sentence - Other sentences support


    Coherence – Well organized details (Spatial- Chronological -Importance – logical)
    A clear, sensible connection; Linkers/connectors
    Support - Supporting ideas - Evidence - Examples - Detail
    Good Language - Grammatical Accuracy - Correct Punctuation - Apt Vocabulary -
    Variety of Structures m n RAJU

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