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Intermediate Value Theorem Notes-1

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Intermediate Value Theorem Notes-1

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ezra.ijiyemi
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Intermediate Value Theorem

Intermediate Value Theorem (IVT): If 𝑓(𝑥) is continuous on the closed interval [a, b] and 𝑘 is
any number between 𝑓(𝑎) and 𝑓(𝑏), then there is at least one number c in [a, b] such that
𝑓(𝑐) = 𝑘

Multiple Choice Examples:


1. Let 𝑓(𝑥) be a continuous function on the interval −2 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 2. Use the table of values
below to determine which of the following statements must be true.
I. 𝑓(𝑥) takes on the value of 5
II. A zero of 𝑓(𝑥) is between -2 and -1 𝑥 -2 -1 0 1 2

III. A zero of 𝑓(𝑥) is 6 𝑓(𝑥) -4 1 6 3 -5

a. I only b. II only c. III only d. I and II only e. I, II, and III

2. Let 𝑓(𝑥) be a continuous function on the interval [2, 4] with 𝑓(2) = 10 and 𝑓(4) = 20.
a. 𝑓(3) = 15
b. The maximum value of 𝑓(𝑥) is 20
c. 𝑓(𝑥) = 13 has at least one solution in the open interval (2,4)
d. 𝑓(𝑥) is increasing for all 𝑥 in the open interval (2,4)

Free-Response Example:
3. A car travels on a straight track. During the time interval 0 ≤ 𝑡 ≤ 60 seconds, the car’s
velocity 𝑣, measured in feet per second is a continuous function. The table below shows
selected values of 𝑣.

For 0 < 𝑡 < 60, must there be a time when 𝑣(𝑡) = −5? Justify your answer.
IVT Practice
1. Let 𝑓 be a continuous function on the closed interval [-3, 6]. If 𝑓(−3) = −1 and 𝑓(6) =
3, then the Intermediate Value Theorem guarantees that
a. 𝑓(0) = 0
b. −1 ≤ 𝑓(𝑥) ≤ 3 for all 𝑥 between -3 and 6
c. 𝑓(𝑐) = 1 for at least one 𝑐 between -3 and 6
d. 𝑓(𝑐) = 0 for at least one 𝑐 between -1 and 3

2. The function 𝑓 is continuous on the closed interval [0,2] and has values that are given in
1
the table below. The equation 𝑓(𝑥) = 2 must have at least two solutions in the interval
[0,2] if 𝑘 =
𝑥 0 1 2
𝑓(𝑥) 1 𝑘 2

a. 0 b. ½ c. 1 d. 2 e. 3

3. Concert tickets when on sale at noon (𝑡 = 0) and were sold out within 9 hours. The
number of people waiting in line to purchase tickets at time 𝑡 is modeled by a continuous
function 𝐿(𝑡) for 0 ≤ 𝑡 ≤ 9. Values of 𝐿(𝑡) at various times are shown in the table
below.

For 0 ≤ 𝑡 ≤ 9, what is the fewest number of times at which for 𝐿(𝑡) must equal 125
tickets? Give a reason for your answer.

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