Exper

iment2

Thr
eePhaseTr
ansf
ormerTest

Pur
pose:Tost
udyt
hebehav
ioroft
hreephaset
ransf
ormerasr
elat
edt
oit
sconnect
ion
andt
est
.

Obj
ect
ives:
 Tounder
standandconnectDel
ta-
Starconnect
ionofat
hreephaset
ransf
ormer

 Tocar r
iedoutt
estonthr
eephasetr
ansf
ormerasr
elat
edt
oresi
stance/
cont
inui
ty
test
,insul
ati
ontestandr
ati
otest
.

Equi
pmentr
equi
red
1.Thr
eephaset
ransf
ormer

2.Thr
eephasesuppl
yuni
t

3.Vol
tmet
er

4.Ohmmet
er.

Debr
ief
ing
Athreephaset r
ansformerisaspeci
altr
ansformerthatisusedinthr
eephaseelect
ri
c
powersy st
ems.Itconsist
softhreesi
nglephasetr
ansf or
merunitsbuil
tint
oasingl
e
corewitheachunitresponsi
blef
oronephase.Eachsi ngl
eunithasaprimaryand
secondarywindi
ngassoci at
edwithi
t.Al
lthr
eeunitsshareacommonmagnet iccor
e.

Threephasetransf
ormerscanbeconstruct
edintwoway s-usingt
hreeindivi
dualsi
ngl
e
phasetr
ansformercorespl
acedtoget
herorusingasingl
ecor ewit
hallt
hreewi ndi
ngs
pl
acedtogether.Whenathreephasesupplyi
sconnectedtothepri
marywi ndi
ngofa
thr
eephaset r
ansfor
mer ,i
tproducesanalt
ernati
ngfluxinthecor
e.Accordingto
Faraday'
slawofinduct
ion,thi
salter
nat
ingfl
uxinducesv ol
tagesi
nthesecondary
windings(wor
kingpri
ncipl
eoft hr
eephasetransfor
mer )
.Thetypeofwindingusedi
n
thi
ssampl edt
hreephaset r
ansformeri
sauto-windi
ng.

Duetoproper
ti
esofthreephasesupply
,theinducedvoltagesi
nthethr
eesecondar
y
windi
ngsarebal
ancedinmagnitudeandequallydispl
acedinspaceby120°
.Theycan
suppl
ypowertothr
ee-phaseequipmentsui
tably.

Theadvantagesoft
hreephaset
ransf
ormeroversi
ngl
ephasei ncl
ude:
lowl
osses,
compactness&economical
,morerel
i
ableandhighef
fi
ciency
.

Thecommonconnect
ionof3-
phaset
ransf
ormeri
ncl
udes:
.

 St
ar-
Del
ta(
Y-Δ)
:Usedf
orst
eppi
ngupv
olt
agesgener
all
y.

 Del
ta-
Star(
Δ-Y)
:Usedf
orst
eppi
ngdownv
olt
agesmai
nly
.

Thef
oll
owi
ngt
estar
ecar
ri
edoutont
he3-
phaset
ransf
ormer
:

 ResistanceandCont inui
tyTest:Thistestisdoneoneachoft hetransfor
mer
windingt odeter
mi nei ft
hereiscut,breakageoropenci rcui
tinthewoundedcoi l
.
Whent hereisbreakageorcuti nthecoil,noelect
romagnet i
cinductiontakes
placeandnomagnet icfluxwil
lbepr oduceinthewi ndi
ng.Thistestisalsoused
todeter minethewi ndingwit
hhi ghestnumberoft urnsthatwill
ser v
easpr imar
y
orsecondar ywinding.Thi st
estissomet imesr ef
erstoascont i
nuitytest.

 Insulati
onTest:Thistesti
sdonet odetermineift
hereisel
ect
ri
calcontact
bet weentwoindivi
dual wi
ndingsorbetweenonewi ndi
ngandthecore.Ther esult
readingshowst hatthecoili
nsulati
onisdamagedandt her
ebycausesshor t-
circuiti
nthewindingandf l
owofl eakagecurr
enttothecorer
esul
tingtoelectri
c
shock.

 RatioTest:Thistestisusedtodet er
mi net herat
ionumberoft ransf
ormer
windingswhenacer tai
namountofv oltageappli
edatt heprimarywindingis
beingproducedatt hesecondarywi nding.Foreveryidealtr
ansformer,therati
o
remainsconstantalthroughthetransfor merdesignir
respecti
veofv ol
tageor
currentsuppl
iedatt heinputandpowerpr oducedattheout put
.Thistestisalso
usedt odeter
mi nethecor r
espondingnumberoft urnsintheinputtotheout put
windingofthet r
ansf or
mer.

Theprimaryandsecondar
yvol
tagesar
edir
ect
lypr
oport
ionalt
othei
rrespect
ivenumber
oft
urnsasgi v
en:Vp/Vs=Np/Ns ( Wher
e:VpandVs arepri
maryandsecondary
vol
tages.NpandNsar epr
imar
yandsecondar
ywindi
ngturns)
.
Thewat
tagepowerrat
ingof3-phaset
ransf
ormerisP=I*VP√3*
0.8.(wher
eVp√3=
Li
nevol
tageVL,I=Cur
rentandPowerFactor(
p.f
)=0.8)
.

Fi
g1.Ci
rcui
tdi
agr
am ofDel
ta-
Starconnect
ionof3-
phaset
ransf
ormer

Fi
g2:
Pract
ical
connect
ionoft
he3-
Phaset
ransf
ormer
Pr
ocedur
e:
1.Connectt
he3-
phaset
ransf
ormert
o3-
phasesuppl
yasshowni
nthedi
agr
am
above.

2.Connectt
hev
olt
met
erbet
weent
heneut
ral
andeachoft
het
ermi
nal
tappi
ngsi
n
redphase

3.Tur
nont
he3-
phasesuppl
yuni
ttopowert
het
ransf
ormer
.

4.Repeatst
ep-
2fory
ell
owphaseandt
urnt
hesuppl
yuni
t.

5.Repeatst
ep-
2forbl
uephaseandt
urnt
hesuppl
yuni
t.

6.Comput
eandt
abul
atey
ourr
eadi
ngs

7.Swi
tchof
fthe3-
phasesuppl
yuni
t.

Tabl
e
S/
N Phases VL VP V80% V65% V50%

1 RedPhase 100

2 Yel
lowPhase 90

3 Bl
uePhase 70

Quest
ions
1.Whatt
ypeoft
ransf
ormerwi
ndi
ngwasusedi
nthe3-
phaset
ransf
ormerandhow?

2.I
sthe3-
phaset
ransf
ormerwor
kingpr
oper
lyf
rom t
het
estcar
ri
edoutandhow?

3.Fi
ndt
hesecondaryt
urnwindi
ngoft
hetr
ansfor
merwhent hepr
imar
ytur
nis700
wi
tht
hel
inevolt
ageof120vandout
putvol
tageis25v
.(TakeVL=Vp√3).

4.Whatar
etheadv
ant
agesofa3-
phaset
ransf
ormerov
ersi
ngl
ephaset
ransf
ormer
?

5.Thecurrentofa3-phasetransf
ormeri
s50A.Findt
hewat
tagepowerr
ati
ngwhen
thephasev ol
tagei
s80v .(
TakeVL=Vp√3,p. f=0.
8)