CH- 01 GENESIS OF THE ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF PAKISTAN

1. When did Sir Syed found Aligarh School?

1875
2. Which anti-Muslim Movement was started by extremist Hindus in
the last two decades of 19th century?
Arya Samaj
3. Which Viceroy partitioned Bengal into two parts?
Lord Curzon
4. When was Bengal divided into two parts?
1905
5. What was the most important demand of Simla Deputation?
Separate Electorate
6. When were Round Table Conferences held?
1930 to 1932
7. What is the other name for Minto-Morley Reforms?
Government of India Act 1909
8. When did Khilafat Delegation visit England?
1920
9. Who headed Khilafat Delegation in 1920?
Maulana Muhammad Ali
10. Who established Pakistan National Movement?
Ch Rehmat Ali
11. Who presided over the Muslim League session in 1930?
Allama Iqbal
12. Where was the annual session of Muslim League held in 1930?
Allahabad
13. Who moved the Lahore Resolution in 1940?
Fazl ul Haq
14. What was the designation of Fazl ul Haq in 1940?
Chief Minister of Bengal
15. Who brought out the magazine “Risala Tehzib ul Akhlaq”?
Sir Syed Ahmed
16. When did Urdu-Hindi Controversy start?
1867
17. How many members were there in Simla Delegation?
35
18. When did Quaid e Azam join Muslim League?
1913
19. When were Congress Ministries formed?
1937
20. When were Cripps Proposals published?

30th March 1942

21. When did Muslim League observe Direct Action Day?
16th August 1946
22. Which district of East Bengal decided to join Pakistan through
referendum?
Sylhet
23. Which province decided to join Pakistan through referendum?
NWFP (now KPK)
24. Who was elected as the leader of non-cooperation movement by
Khilafat Committee?
Gandhi
25. Tell whether the statement is true or false Quaid e Azam Said, “we
demanded Pakistan just to have a piece of land”?
False
26. Indicate whether the statement is true or false „Islamic state is
established on democratic principles‟
True
27. Who wrote Band e Matram?
Bankam Chandar Chatterjee
28. What was Band e Matram?
An anti-Muslim epic song
29. When was London Branch of Muslim League established?
1908
30. What is the other name of Lahore Resolution?
Pakistan Resolution
31. First phase of which Movement was a golden period in the history
of Hindu Muslim relations?
Khilafat Movement
32. Who abolished the institute of Khilafat?
Mustapha Kamal
33. When was the First session of the First Constituent Assembly of
Pakistan held?
August 11, 1947
34. In which elections Muslim League met a failure?

Elections of 1937
35. When was India given under the direct control of British Crown?
1858
36. When was Aligarh College raised to the status of University?
1920
37. When did Simla Deputation meet Viceroy Lord Minto? October 1,
1906
38. When did Mopla Uprisng occur?
1921
Short Question Answers
1. What is meant by the term Ideology?
Ideology is a set of ideas or norms on which the collective ideals of a
community, nation or millat are based. It includes the sum total of
principles set forth for the achievement of these common ideals.
Ideology of a nation reflects its aspirations, religion, cultural shape and
thinking of people.
2. What is Islamic theory of nationhood?
The concept of nationhood in Islam is different from that of others. In
Islam nationhood is based on religion not on race, colour, language or
region etc. To Islam people all over the world believing in Kalima e
Tauheed are one nation (or millat) irrespective of their regional, racial
and other differences
3. Explain Pakistan ideology briefly ?
Pakistan ideology is the set of beliefs on basis of which Muslims of
India demanded a separate independent state consisting of Muslim
majority areas; This ideology is based on Islamic ideology and two
nation theory. Muslims of India were a separate nation; they wanted to
be able to order their individual and collective lives according to Islam
in their independent state.
4. What the Quaid e Azam thought about minorities , quote a brief
statement?
“You are free, you are free to go to your temples, you are free to go to
your mosques or to any other places of worship in Pakistan. You may
belong to any religion or caste or creed…that has nothing to do with the
business of state…we are starting with this fundamental principle that
we are all citizens and equal citizens of one state
5. Write a short note on Simla Deputation.
35 top ranking Muslim leaders‟ delegation, headed by Sir Agha Khan,
met Viceroy Lord Minto at Simla on Oct.1, 1906. Muslim demands
including separate electorate system, appointment of Muslim judges,
share in services were presented. Viceroy‟s response was encouraging
& sympathetic. This is called Simla Deputation
6: What do you know about “Asbab-e-Baghawat-e-Hind”(Causes of
Indian Mutiny”?
In 1859, Sir Syed wrote this bold pamphlet for the British Parliament
members. It was a factual analysis of Indian revolt. He declared, Hindus
and British were also responsible for this revolt. He pointed out the
defects of administration also. This proved to be the starting point to
many reforms.
7. What objectives were set up for Muslim League at the time of its
inception?
(I) To protect the rights of Muslims and convey their demands to
British Govt constitutionally
(2) To create feeling of goodwill among Muslims for govt and remove
misunderstanding regarding govt policies.
(3) To create feeling of brotherhood among Muslims and other
communities of India without harming the above said objectives.
8. When and what change was made in the objectives of Muslim
League?
In March 1913, a change was made in Muslim League„s objective on
Quaid‟s initiative. The policy of unconditional subservience was given
up and the policy of „self-government‟ suitable for Indian conditions
was adopted. This proved to be a turning point in Muslim history of
India.
9. Write a note on the Simla Conference.
To solve the constitutional problems of India Lord Wavell announced a
Plan which stipulated Viceroy‟s Executive Council in which all Indian
communities would be given representation To discuss this plan with
Indian leaders, Viceroy called a conference at Simla in June 1945. Simla
Conference broke due to disagreement among Congress, Muslim
League and British Government on the issue of a Muslim seat in
Council.
10: What were the Salient features of Indian Independence Act?
i. British rule over India will come to an end on August 15,1947
ii. Title of Emperor of India will be removed from British Crown Titles
after that date.
iii. The successor states will be run under the Government of India Act
1935 as interim Constitution with necessary amendments.
11. Write any three proposals of Cripps Mission.
i. Elections of provincial assemblies will be held at the end of war
ii. A constituent assembly consisting of Indians will be formed at the
end of war
iii. Princely states will also be given representation in the constituent
assembly.
iv. The Union of India will be given " Dominion Status” with complete
internal independence v. British government will run the Indian affairs
till the end of war.
CH # 02 INITIAL PROBLEMS OF PAKISTAN
1. When was Radcliffe Award announced? 17th August 1947
2. How much was the ratio of untouchables in population of Calcuta?
60 %
3. On which river was Madhupur Headworks located? River Ravi
4. On which river was Ferozepur Headworks located? River Sutlej
5. When did Pakistan become the member of United Nations?
September 30,1947
6. When did Quaid call the first meeting of Constituent Assembly of
Pakistan
11th August 1947
7. Who was made the head of the Boundary Commission? Radcliffe
8. How many ordnance factories were there in United India? 16
9. How many princely states were there in the United India? 565
10. How much was the population of the Princely state Hyderabad
according to the census of 1941?
One crore 60 lac (16 Million) 11. Which city was made the capital of
Pakistan after partition? Karachi
12. When did Quaid inaugurate the State Bank of Pakistan? 1st July,1
948
13. At whose residence were Gandhi Jinnah talks held in September
1944? Quaid e Azam
14. When were Gandhi Jinnah Talks held? September 1944
15. When did India cut water supply in the canals that irrigated
Pakistani land? April 1948
16. What was the title of the Muslim head of the state Hyderabad?
Nizam
17. Which Fund was established by Quaid e Azam for the rehabilation
of refugees?
Refugee Fund
18. Hindu untouchables of which city wanted their city to be a part of
Pakistan?
Calcutta
19. When was Kashmir issue taken up with United Nations? January
1948
20. Which nation was in majority in Junagadh sate? Hindu
21. Which nation was in majority in Hyderabad sate? Hindu
22. According to Quaid e Azam, which language can be the national
language of Pakistan?
Urdu
23. When did Quaid join Muslim League? 1913
24. From Which party did Quaid start his political career in 1906?
Congress
25. Which important movement was not joined by Quaid e Azam?
Tehrik e Khilafat
26. The idea of which type of state was rejected by Quaid e Azam? A
theocratic state
27. What was the designation of Auchinleck at the time of partition?
Field Marshall
28. Which city was included in India to give an access to Kashmir?
Gurdaspur
29. When did India encroach upon the state Hyderabad? September
12,1948
Short Question Answers
1. How did injustice done in carrying out partition create Kashmir
issue?
First seeds of Kashmir problem were sown by Radcliffe Award. Inclusion
of Gurdaspur gave India an access to Kashmir. The only land route that
connected India with Kashmir passed through (Pathankot tehsil of)
Gurdaspur. If it were not made part of India, there would be no land
access for India to reach Kashmir.
2. Write a note on the issue of settlement of refugees
5.5 million from Pakistan to India and 6.5 from India to Pakistan
migrated. Already feeble economy of Pakistan had to face an extra
burden of rehabilitation and provision of basic needs to them. Quaid
gave special attention to this. Refugee Fund was established and the
issue was overcome.
3. Quote one statement of the Quaid e Azam regarding national
integrity?
(1) “We are now all Pakistanis…Not Balochis, Pahtans, Sindhis,
Bengalis and Punjabis and so on…And as Pakistanis we must feel,
behave and act and we should be proud to be known as Pakistanis
and nothing else.” (June 15 1948)
OR
(2) “Let us trust each other…. let us work in double shift if necessary to
make country really happy, really united and really powerful.”
(August 09, 1947)
4. Enlist Quaid e Azam‟s important steps for the rehabilitation of
refugees?
He himself looked after the process of rehabilitation of refugees, set
up a “Refugee Fund” and appealed the people to contribute
generously. He visited the refugee camps, asked them to be courageous
to face the difficulties. Foodstuff, clothing, medicines, tents were
provided to them. Efforts were made to provide them accommodations
and employments.
5. What attitude, Quaid e Azam thought, public servants should
adopt?
He wanted them to work tirelessly for the cause of nation building, to
fulfill their duties honestly. He advised them to guide and encourage
the nation at that time of crisis and to work as the servants of people
instead of behaving like their ruler.
6. What piece of advice Quaid e Azam gave to the students?
He said; “I look forward to you as the real makers of Pakistan, do not be
exploited and do not be misled. Create among yourself an example of
what youth can be, in fairness to yourself, to your parents, to the state,
to devote your attention to your studies.” (March 21 1947)
7: Quaid e Azam rendered his message in four words , quote?
Quaid put the golden principles; he cherished most, in four words
Addressing the historic public meeting at Lahore, he said. “It is up to
you to work, work and work and we are bound to succeed. And never
forget our motto…..Unity, Discipline, and Faith” Oct,30 1947
8. State briefly the Quaid e Azam„s ideas regarding economy?
He criticized the western economic system and said that this system
would not help us in achieving our goal of creating happy people.
Instead we shall have to devise a system based on Islamic principle of
equality and social justice. To him we should concentrate on well-being
of poor people.
9. What confidence building measures did Quaid e Azam take
immediately after partition?
At that time common man was greatly demoralized due to the
sufferings. Quaid approached people in the remotest areas of the
country despite his failing health and dispelled the effects of negative
propaganda of enemy, he assured the people that Pakistan was born to
live and it will last forever.
10. What did Auchinleck mention in his report?
He wrote on 28th September 1947, “ I have no hesitation, whatever, in
affirming that present Indian Cabinet are implacably determined to do
all in their power to prevent the establishment of the Dominion of
Pakistan on firm basis.”

CH_3 GEOGRAPHY OF PAKISTAN

1. What is the length of Pakistan China boundary? 600 km
2. Which narrow strip of Afghan territory separates Tajikistan
from Pakistan? Wakhan
3. What is the length of Wakhan Strip at its narrowest point? 20
km
4. On the boundary of which neighbouring country, Gilgit &
Baltistan lie? China
5. In the Cold War Pakistan sided with which country? America
6. In which district is the historic town of Bhera located?
Sargodha
7. To which Budhist ruler do the remains of Taxila date back?
Raja Ashoka
8. In the foot of which Hills does the city of Islamabad lie?
Margalla
9. Through which British city does the Prime Meridian cross?
Greenwich
10. How many degrees does a complete circle have? 360
11. What is the round model of the earth called? Globe
12. What is the length of Pakistan-India border? 2100 km
13. How much area of Pakistan is covered by plains? 40%
14. How much is the average rainfall in the coastal area of
Pakistan? 175 mm per year
15. How much area of Pakistan is covered by province
Balochistan? 44 %
16. Where is Balahisar Fort situated? Peshawar-KPK
17. Which city is known as the city of saints?(Madina tul Aulia)
Multan
18. In which province is the health resort of Ziarat located?
Balochistan
19. When did super power Soviet Union dismember? 1991
20. When did Soviet Union withdraw her forces from
Afghanistan? 1989
21. Which Muslim majority province of China has a common
border with Pakistan?
Sin Kiang
22. With which country does Pakistan share its longest
boundary? Afghanistan
23. How many plateaus are there in Pakistan? Two
24. Within how many km of coastline can the effects of sea-
breeze be felt? 80km
25. Sibbi and Jacobabad belong to which type of regions of
world? The hottest regions
26. Which is the biggest province of Pakistan with respect to
area of land it covers? Balochistan
27. Which line of longitudes is neither east not west? IDL
28. Per capita income of which province is double than that of
KPK? Punjab
29. How is date affected when we cross the IDL from east to
west? We lose one day
30. What are the imaginary lines on the globe running upward
down, like the lines on a melon, called?
Lines of longitudes
31. What is a map showing the altitude of places called? Relief
map
32. What type of pact CENTO was? Defence Pact
33. Where was the Non-aligned Conference held in 1979?
Havana
34. When did president of Pakistan address the General
Assembly of UNO as the spokesman of the entire Muslim
World?
1980
35. To what type of area, the Soviet Union and Central Asia
don‟t have an access?
Warm waters
SHORT QUESTIONS /ANSWERS
1. Give Pakistan„s exact area in sq. km and its location on
globe with reference to longitudes and latitudes?
Pakistan lies between the latitude of 240-N to 36 0-N and
between the longitudes of 610-E to 750-E. It has an area of
796096 sq km.
2. Describe Pakistan‟s position with reference to her
neighbouring countries?
In the west, Pakistan shares its longest border of 2612 km with
Afghanistan. In the southwest, a 909 km long border with Iran,
in the east a 2100 km border with India. In the north, six
hundred km long border with China. In the northwest a narrow
strip of 20 km named Wakhan separates Pakistan from
Tajikistan.
3. Write a note on the seasons of Pakistan?
Summer: Starts in April and ends in September Winter: Starts in
October and continues till February Spring: Short season of two
months i.e. March and April Monsoon: Sets in August and ends
in October. Mercury starts falling in the month of August and
temperature becomes moderate in September and October.
4. Write a note on the mountainous regions of the
continental climate.
North and north-western mountainous regions receive rainfall
during summers. Central region of western mountains receives
more rainfall. Moving farther north and south the air carrying
water vapours gets gradually drained off. This causes low
rainfall in these areas. So Skardu and Makran receive less
rainfall than Waziristan & Kohistan.
5. Indicate the differences of population between different
regions of Pakistan?
According to the census of 2017, the Punjab has 11 crore ,
Sindh 4 crore 78 lac, KPK 3crore 51 lac, and Balochistan 1 crore
23 lac population. Out of 26 cities having more than 3 lac
population only one Quetta is located in Balochistan. Out of five
most populous cities one, Karachi, is in Sind and four are in
Punjab
6. Write a note on the imbalance of economic growth
between different regions of Pakistan.
Sind has the highest per capita income rate in the country. It is
3 times higher than the KPK, one & half time higher than the
Punjab and double than that of Balochistan. The imbalance
between different parts of each province is also noticeable as
central Punjab is more prosperous than the southern Punjab
7. Bring about central position of Pakistan enjoys as a
significant state of the Muslim world?
Pakistan occupies a central position in Muslim world being
located in the midst of the extensive chain of the Muslim
countries spreading from Morocco in the west to Indonesia in
the Far East. In 1978, Vice President of Libya called Pakistan the
heart of the Muslim world.
8. Enlist three main objectives of tourism.
1. Research and fact-finding
2. Attainment of knowledge and information
3. Recreation
9. Under what major heads, important sites of tourist
attraction can be studied?
Sites of tourist attraction can be divided into three main
categories. 1. Archaeological treasure 2. Historical
buildings 3. Health and recreation resorts.
10. Enlish important hill resorts of the Punjab and KPK
In Punjab Murree, Patriata, Valley of Soon Sakesar, Kallar
Kahar In KPK Ayubia, Khanaspur, Nathia Gali, valleys of
Kaghan, Lake Saif ul Maluk, Saidu Sharif, Marghazar,
Bahrain, Kalam, Malam Jabba, Mian Dam, etc
11. Bring about Peshawar‟s tourist importance.
Peshawar the headquarters of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK) is an
ancient city famous for the Balahisar Fort, engraved copper
utensils, waistcoats, sandals decorated with embroidery and
glasswork, Kissa Khani Bazar and Chapali Kababs.
12. Describe the industrial disequilibrium with respect to
industrial development.
Most of the industry in Sind is concentrated in Karachi and
Hyderabad. In Punjab cities like Faisalabad, Gujranwala, Sialkot,
Shekhupura and Lahore have biggest concentration of industrial
units. Remainder of Punjab has little or no progress. Balochistan
and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa are underdeveloped.
CH # 04 STEPS TOWARDS ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF PAKSITAN
1. Under the Constitution 1956, who must be a Muslim in
Government? President of Pakistan
2. Under which Constitution was Islam declared the state
religion of Pakistan? 1973
3. Under which constitution was Pakistan renamed as the
Islamic Republic of Pakistan through an amendment
1962
4. Under which Constitution, both the president and prime
minister of Pakistan must be Muslim?
Constitution 1973
5. Whose interest accruing on the debts were remitted by
Rasool? His uncle Abbas bin Muttalib
6. Under which amendment was the Objective Resolution made
a part of the text of the Constitution?
8th Amendment (in 1985) 7. Under the Constitution of 1962
what should be the religion of president? Islam
8. About whom the Holy prophet said, I absolved the price of
the blood of my family member…”
Rabi‟a bin Harith
9. The Holy Prophet said, I am leaving among you two
things____ and my Sunnah Holy Quran
10. State whether the statement is true or false, “ The
Constitution 1973 asserts that Islam is the basis of Pakistan
Ideology”
True
11. State whether the statement is true or false “ an Islamic
state can be established merely by proclaiming Islamic law”
False
12. State whether the statement is true or false, „ Arabs are
superior to non-Arabs‟ False
13. When Rasool was offered the seat of government authority
at Makkah? In the third year of Prophet hood 14. When was
Nizam e Zakat implemented? 20th June 1980
15. When was Objective Resolution passed? 12 March 1949
16. When was Lahore Resolution passed? March 1940
What is the standard of superiority in Islam? Taqwa(God
Fearing)
18. When was Magna Carta passed? 1215
SHORT QUESTION ANSWERS
01 Define Muslim according to 1973 constitution?
The constitution defined Muslim in clear terms. Under this a
person who does not believe in the finality of Prophet
Muhammad (PBUH) ceases to be a Muslim. This point was
further clarified by the constitutional amendment declaring
Lahori and Qadiani sects of Mirzais as non-Muslim minorities.
02 Give an account of the measures taken after 1977 for
Islamization of financial matters.
Zakat system was introduced on 20th June 1980. Ushr scheme
started in 1983. From 1st January 1981, banks and other
financial institutions started a programme of operating interest
free banking.
03 What steps were taken for the Islamization of Judiciary and
laws after 1977?
Islamization of the judicial system started on 10th February
1979(12 Rabi ul awwal 1399AH). Islamic penalties were
imposed. Un-Islamic practices in the court procedures were
abolished. A Federal Shariat Court, Shariah Faculty and Islamic
University were established. Objective Resolution was made
the part of constitution in 1985
04 Compare and contrast Khutba Hijja tul Wida(Last Sermon)
and the UN Declaration of Human Rights.
UN Declaration is an excellent document with beautiful words
but with no executive powers. Humanity learned this in 20th
century after centuries of devastation & war. Holy Prophet gave
these rights precisely 1400 years ago and for implementation
provided a mechanism i.e. state‟s responsibility & the concept
of being answerable to Allah.
05 Give three important characteristics of rights.
1. Rights are inviolable
2. Rights are the basic condition of civilized life
3. Rights are uniform in nature (equal rights for all)
4. Rights and duties are organic to each other.
06 Narrate three important Islamic provisions of 1956,
Constitution.
1. First time state was named as Islamic Republic of Pakistan
2. Only a Muslim could be elected as president of Pakistan
3. No law against Islam will be enacted; existing laws will be
amended in light of Islam
07 Define rights.
1. In social sciences the word „Right‟ implies “ the power to do
or enjoy something which is approved or recognized by other
members of society” 2. Philosopher H.J Laski defined as “
Those conditions of social life without which no man can seek,
in general to be his best self
CH # 05 ADMINISTRATIVE STRUCTURE OF PAKISTAN & THE
CONCEPT OF GOOD GOVERNANCE
1. On which Constitution is the administrative structure of
Pakistan based? 1973 Constitution
2. Who said that Ram Rajjiya would be a government identical
with Hazrat Omer and Hazrat Abu Bakar‟s (RA) governments?
Gandhi
3. Which French philosopher was impressed by the
governmental system established by the Prophet and the Pious
Caliphs?
Rousseau
4. The period of Hazrat Omer ruled from 634 to_____ 644
5. For how many years is National Assembly elected? Five
6. What is the lower age limit for a candidate contesting for
Senate elections? 30 years
7. What are Senate and National Assembly put together called?
Parliament
8. How many members of the cabinet of Prime Minister must
be taken from Senate? 1/4
9. For how many years did Hazrat Omer (RA) rule? Ten years
10. State whether the statement is true of false. “Hazrat Omer
turned the non-Muslims out of his state”
False
11. What is the draft of a law called? Draft law or Bill
12. Who presides over the sessions of Senate? (The
chairperson of senate called?)
Chairman
13. How many houses does our parliament have? Two
14. How many members are there in our National Assembly?
342
15. When was FATA Merger Bill passed? 2018
16. What was the former name of Gilgit-Baltistan? Northern
Areas
17. What is the age limit to contest election for the office of
President? 45 years
SHORT QUESTON ANSWERS
1. Enumerate the subjects enlisted in the Federal List.
This list contains the subjects on which only the federal
parliament can legislate. i.e. Armed Forces, Covenants, Banking,
Currency, Foreign Exchange, Nuclear Energy, Planning,
Citizenship, Foreign Affairs and Communication
2. Enumerate the important subjects included in the
Concurrent List..
Health, Education, Criminal & Civil Law, Armament, Family
planning, Irrigation, Newspapers, Zakat, Tourism, Archives.
(Concurrent list was abolished under 18th amendment of
2010,in the constitution, Before National parliament and
provincial assemblies had the equal jurisdiction regarding the
subjects mentioned in this list)
3. Write a note on the federal judiciary (The Supreme Court)
Supreme court, the apex court in Pakistan, has been
established under the constitution of 1973. All persons &
institutions of state fall within the jurisdiction of this court. It is
composed of one chief and a few judges. Judges of this court
have full security of the service. They are supervised by
Supreme Judicial Council.
4. Enlist five significant obstacles in the way of good
governance.
Bad citizenship, illiteracy, ignorance, poverty Culture based
on war and terrorism, oppressive political system, Social
system based on corruption and dishonest practice, Lack of
accountability
5. Give an account of the system of accountability adopted in
Hazrat Omer‟s government.
He himself was all time ready to answer any question that
anybody would raise about his public decisions or personal life.
Every important office holder had to submit a list of his
property at the time of appointment and its record was kept.
Citizens were free to complain against highest functionaries
6. What measures were taken by Hazrat Omer to ensure
social security?
The concept of social security reached its climax during his
reign. He established a system of financial support for widows,
orphan & destitute to be paid from Bait-ul-Maal. Milk
allowance was fixed for the babies right from the time of their
birth.
CH # 06 CULTURE OF PAKISTAN
1. Who rendered the major part of the research done on the
Indus Valley civilization?
John Marshall
2. Impact of which civilization extends up to Baluchistan? Indus
Civilization
3. The people of the Indus Valley have a close affinity with the
people of which ancient culture?
Sumerian (in Iraq)
4. When did Muslims enter Sindh as conquerors? 712
5. Bhirmound is an important city of which civilization?
Gandhara
6. At what distance from Islamabad the historic city of Taxila
lies? 16 km
Miss Ghazala Rao Asst. Prof. AIR BASE INTER COLLEGE MUSHAF,
SARGODHA
10
7. In which district is the Harappa located? Sahiwal
8. ____ Percent people of Pakistan are Muslims? More than 96
%
9. When did the British women enfranchise (given the right for
vote) for the first time? 1918
10. Which is the oldest association working for the rights of
women in Pakistan? APWA
11. When was “A Study of History “published? 1934
12. Who is the writer of “A Study of History”? Toynbee
13. The link between what civilizations has been denied by
Toynbee?
Link between Indus and Ganges Valley Civilizations
14. According to Toynbee there is a close affinity between
which two civilizations?
Indus Valley and Iraq‟s Sumerian Civilization
15. Indicate the statement as True or False
“The area which now forms our country has remained a
distinct cultural unit from times immemorial” True

16. In Musharraf„s government the number of women seats in

National Assembly were enhanced from 20 to ------? 60
17. Who is the writer of Tarikh-ul-Ibar? Ibn e Khaldun
18. Bhirmound was the part of which Iranian empire?
Achaeminian
19. Which city was the old headquarters of Swat valley? Ora
20. Which ancient site is identified as Debal? Bhambore
SHORT ANSWERS
01 Give brief historical background of Pakistani culture.
Tradition of civilized living in this land is as old as history itself.
The Indus Valley Civilization flourished in this land 4000 years
ago. The majestic Gandhara appeared 2600 years ago. Greeks
came here in 326 BC. Then in 712 AD Muslims came here. Arts
developed in these periods make Pakistani culture rich one.
02 What do you know about Kot Diji?
 Kot Diji is located in Sind 24 km away from Khairpur.
Excavations started here in 1955. It was estimated, dated back
to 2600 years BC, about 4600 years from today. First authentic
information about the pre-Harrapa settlements of the Indus
Valley was acquired form the relics found here.
03 What is the significance of Harappa in the cultural heritage
of Pakistan?
Harappa is located in Punjab near Sahiwal. Remains of this city
reveal interesting details about the very developed civic life,
astonishingly modern of its age. Ruins of this 4000 years old
defunct civilized city attract tourists and archaeologists from all
over the world.
04 What do you know about the ancient city of Mansura?
Mansura had a strong fortification around, with four gateways.
It is said that Muhammad Bin Qasim‟s son Omer founded it and
named it so to commemorate its victories. The mass of ruins
known as Dalur was identified as being the site of defunct
Mansura. Excavations here, between 1920-22, revealed Arab
coins.

05 Enlist three characteristics features of the Muslim

architect.
1- Openness that symbolizes Muslim broadmindedness.
2- Balance and coherence
3- Use of arch, minaret, dome and also double dome
expressing Muslim aesthetic sense.
4- Use of vertical lines instead of horizontal lines which gives
building an air of loftiness, drive and upward motion.
06 Write a short note on Moenjodaro.
Moen Jo Daro is a Sindhi word, literally means “the mound of
dead”. It is contemporary with Harappa. Ruins of Moen Jo Daro
cover an area of more than five km. Its ruins reveal interesting
details about thousands years old developed civic life of Indus
Valley Civilization
CH # 7 LANGUAGES OF PAKISTAN
1. Who said that history is the memory of a nation? Allama
Iqbal
2. Who called Punjabi the mother of Urdu? Hafiz Mehmood
Shrani
3. When was Fort William College founded? 1800
4. Where was Fort William College founded? Calcutta
5. When was Urdu adopted as the language of the civil courts in
India 1837
6. Who is the first poet of Punjabi language? Baba Farid
7. In which South Asian language was Quran translated first?
Sindhi
8. Ahmed Shah Abdali was the poet of which language? Pashto
9. Which Balochi poet was contemporary of Mirza Ghalib?
Mirza Ghulam Muhammad Natiq Makrani 10. Khushhal Kann
Khatak is the greatest poet of ____ language? Pashto
11. How many alphabetic characters are there in Pashto
language? 43
12. According to Sayyid Sulaiman Nadvi‟s research, Urdu is the
developed form of which language?
Sindhi
13. According to Muhammad Hussain Azad, Urdu was derived
from which language? Persian
14. Which book is said to be the first book of Urdu prose? Sub-
Rus
15. Who is the writer of Sub-Rus? Mulla Wajhi
16. When did Shah Abdul Bhitai pass away? 1752
17. Sheikh Ayaz enjoys a unique position in ------- literature?
Sindhi
18. Who adopted Arabic script for Pashto for the first time?
Saifullah
19. In whose period was Arabic script adopted for Pashto
language? Mehmood Ghaznvi
20. How many books did Khushhal Khan Khatak write? 360
21. Hanni Shah Mureed is the classic of which language?
Balochi
22. Who wrote Mirza Sahiban? Hafiz Barkhurdar
23. Which is the standard Sindhi dialect used for literary
writing? Sahti
24. According to Quaid e Azam , which language should be the
national language of Pakistan?
Urdu
25. What is the first written works in Urdu language? Small
tracts by Muslim Saints
26. Who gave Punjabi the name of Al-Hindiya Al-Beruni
27. Who rendered into poetry the story of Sohni Mahinwal ?
Fazal Shah
28. How many couplets were composed by Sachal Sarmast?
Nine hundred thousand
29. Who devised the present Sindhi script? Abul Hassan Sindhi
30. On the letters of which language is present Sindhi script
based? Arabic
31. Who is the writer of Shah Jo Risalo? Abdul Latif Bhitai
32. How many books were written by Mirza Qaleech Beg? 400
33. Longworth was the Scholar of which language? Balochi
34. Before the arrival of Muslims, in which script was Pashto
lettered? Kharoshti
35. Kortage was the scholar of which language? Balochi
01 What was the point of view of Quaid e Azam regarding
Pakistan‟s national language?
He said in clear terms, “Let me make it very clear to you that
the state language of Pakistan is going to be Urdu and no other
language. Anyone who tries to mislead you is really the enemy
of Pakistan. Without one state language, no nation can remain
tied up solidly together.”
02 When and where Urdu came into being?
Muslim conquerors of India recruited in their armies, people
belonging to every region & race like Arab, Iranian, Turkish,
Pahtan etc. Wherever these soldiers settled, a grafting between
their languages and indigenous dialects started taking place.
This intermingling of people and languages gave birth to Urdu.
03 Write a short note on historical background of Phushto
language.
Pashto took birth nearly 5000 years back in the Afghan areas
known as Bakht or Bakhtar and derived its name from it.
Originally known as Bakht this language later came to be known
as Pashto.
04 What are the main literary forms used in Punjabi poetry?
Traditional Punjabi poets expressed themselves through the
medium of nazm or the forms closely identical to it. Some of
these are Kafi, Var, Dhola, Mahia, Dohay, Ghori, Sathnia,
Tappay, Sammi, Bolian etc. National songs and epics have also
been written.
05 Give the names of five important Punjabi poets.
Most prominent sufi poets of Punjabi are Madhu Lal Hussain,
Sultan Bahu, Baba Bulhe Shah, Hafiz Barkhurdar, Fazal Shah,
Hashim Shah, Qadir Yar, Waris Shah, Khwaja Farid and Mian
Muhammad Bakhsh.
06 Enlist important Sindhi dialects.
Literary and formal Sindhi dialect is Sahti. Dialects spoken in
the lower Sind and Rajhistan are known as „ lori, kachi,
kathiawari and thari. Similarly jogali, gandavi, fikri, lasi,
kaichi,lori and cheni are used in different parts of Balochistan.
Other famous accents are kohistani, siraiki and vicholi.
07 What do you know about the golden age of the Balochi
literature?
19th century is called the golden age of Balochi. In this period
Kalhora Rulers patronized its literature. Mr Leech, Mayor,
Longworth, Dames Jamait Rai, Hetu Ram, Temple & Brooce
collected, compiled and published Balochi ballads and literary
works. Mirza Ghulam Muhammad Makrani is an eminent poet
of this age.
CH #08 NATIONAL INTEGRATION AND PROSPERITY
1. What term was used by Ibn-Khaldun for the sentiment of
nationality? Asbia
2. What example can be used to explain the centrifugal forces?
Of fountain, or cetrifugal pump of a tube well 3. Into how
many scripts are all Pakistani languages written? One
4. What type of state was the goal of founders of Pakistan?
Islamic Democratic
5. Which form of government inculcates in people a sense of
participation? Democracy
6. Under which constitution was Senate first established in
Pakistan? Constitution 1973
7. What has been made the basis of representation in National
Assembly? Population
8. How much powers should be given to the provinces to
establish a stable political system?
adequate
9. --------- was another name for the practical programme of
Islamization in the Sub-Continent.
Pakistan Ideology
10. What type of system causes damage to national integrity?
Dictatorial
11. Indicate the statement as true or false,” All the people who
struggled for Pakistan belonged to same ethnic group”
False
12. Which language had become a symbol of Muslim national
identity during the days of Pakistan Movement?
Urdu
13. To promote national integration, should the provinces be
redefined as administrative units or on the basis of cultural
identity?
Administrative units
14. When was bi-cameral legislature established first time in
Pakistan? Constitution 1973
15. In which constitution was the problem of provincial
autonomy amicably solved?
Constitution 1973
16. What type of nationalism promotes danger of
disintegration? Ethnic nationalism
17. Focus on what type of forces takes the people away from
center? Centrifugal forces
SHORT ANSWERS
01 Give Laski‟s definition of nationality.
Laski has defined nationality in clear terms. To him the feeling
of nationhood marks off those who share in it, from the rest of
the mankind.
02 “Solution of the problems of national integration, mine,
yours and our role‟ comment briefly.
 Pakistanis have to work with a sense of responsibility at every
level. Ideology of Pakistan must be promoted through media &
syllabus. Administration must work with a sense of service in
every region. Urdu to be owned by all. Provincial autonomy to
be protected. Differences to be made voluntarily subservient to
national interests.
03 What is the importance of educating our people about
Pakistan Ideology?
Pakistan was created with the purpose of protecting the
spiritual identity and the physical existence of the Muslims. So
it is necessary to make Pakistanis realize that our existence is
directly related with the existence of Pakistan. If Pakistan exists,
we live and we have no existence without Pakistan.
04 Signify the role of Urdu with reference to national
solidarity.
No nation can be tied up solidly together without one state
language. Our regional languages are spoken and understood in
limited areas. Only Urdu is lingua franca. It is not the language
of a particular region. It is our national language and common
heritage. It can unify us.
05 Why democratic system of government is essential for the
promotion of national integration?
Democratic system creates a sense of responsibility and
participation in the people. They start to love their country and
live for it. All the groups are equal in the democratic set up. So
it reduces the sense of deprivation.
06 Define centrifugal forces.
The points of difference among the members of a society are
called centrifugal forces. These differences disintegrate the
nation like the centrifugal pump of a tube well or a fountain
that separates single stream of water into numerous parts and
spreads in different directions.
07 What do you know about Bi-cameral legislature?
Bi-cameral legislature means the legislature with two houses.
In Pakistan bi-cameral legislature was established under the
constitution 1973.The upper house(Senate) represents
provinces with equal seats for all and the lower house(National
Assembly) represents people with representation on
population basis.
CH # 09 ECONOMIC PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT IN
PAKISTAN
1. How much of our national wealth comes from agriculture
sector? 21 %
2. How much of Pakistan‟s population lives in rural areas? Two
third
3. How many factories came to share of Pakistan at time of
partition? 34(Less than 4 %)
4. When was the First Five Year Plan started? 1955
5. When did the Eighth Five Year Plan start? 1993
6. How much of our foreign exchange is earned from
agriculture exports? 70 to 80%
7. At the time of partition Pakistan‟s population was ----
percent of India‟s total population. 20%
8. Backwardness of which sector is the paramount cause of the
overall backwardness of our economy?
Agriculture
9. During the Second Five Year Plan our national income
increased at the rate of 37% against the stipulated target of
____?
24%
10. Indo-Pak war was fought in the year----- 1965
11. How much of our rural population is semi-employed? 30%
12. Indicate the statement as true or false, literacy rate in the
rural areas is about fifty percent of urban areas
True
13. Which type of society we are? Of consumers
14. How much increase in the national income was recorded
during the Second Five Year Plan?
37%
15. Which Five Year Plan had to be given up due to the East
Pakistan tragedy?
Fourth (1970-75)
16. What is the major cause of our lesser agriculture produce?
Primitive agriculture practices
17. What the factors helpful for human development are
called? Resources
18. What term is used for buying and selling of goods and
services? Commerce
19. What technology has turned the world into a global village?
Information Technology
SHORT ANSWERS
01 Give Prof. Lewis‟s definition of the fiscal planning.
Prof. Lorwin has defined planning in following words. “
Economics planning is a scheme of an economic organization…
for the purpose of utilizing all available resource to achieve
maximum satisfaction of people‟s needs within a given time”
02 What was Pakistan‟s condition at the time of partition in
respect of industrial development?
Pakistan started with an extremely weak industrial base. There
were 921 big industrial units in India; out of these 34 came to
the share of Pakistan. Employment capacity of the industries
was poor, 34 units had the capacity of employing only 26,400
persons only i.e. 2.32 % of the total.
03 Define “Trade” and “Commerce”.
The term trade is applied to the process in which countries buy
and sell goods to each other. The term is also applied to some
special business like cotton trade. Commerce literally means
buying and selling of goods and services.
04 Write a short note on E-Commerce
E-commerce is the latest innovation in the traditional
commerce techniques. E stands for electronics. E commerce
implies the buying and selling of goods and services through
networks i.e. Internet and email etc. Credit card and Internet
has made cross-border trade and commerce possible.

05 Define IT.
IT stands for information technology. It means the use of
computers, networking and other infrastructure to acquire،
transfer, process, store, save, manipulate, project, broadcast
and exchange data and information
06 Enumerate the kinds of natural resources.
Natural Resources are; energy, minerals, land and livestock
resources. Land Resources; irrigation, forests, agricultural land
and earth. Energy Resources; solar energy, petroleum, natural
gas, electricity and coal. Minerals; non-metallic and metallic
minerals.
07 What is meant by HDI? What is Pakistan‟s status according
to 2020 HDI report?
HDI stands for Human Development Index. In this report yearly
progress of the countries is studied on three grounds. 1- Health
level and average life expectancy. 2- Literacy level (quality and
quantity of people‟s education) 3- Good standards of living
(measurement on basis of annual per capita income) In 2020
HDI report Pakistan falls on 154th position out of 189 countries
reported.
08 What impact the policy of nationalization had on our
national economy?
This policy caused an alarm to the investors. Investment came
to a standstill. Industrial machinery was devastated, production
decreased. Labourers took to protest. Dependence on foreign
aid increased due to low industrial output. Payment of debts
and interests became a problem
09 What is HRD, What is its importance?
HRD stands for Human Resource Development i.e. to enhance
the capabilities of human beings. Modern policy makers
consider it as a guiding principle of the fiscal policies. Objectives
of increasing a prosperous society can be achieved only by
developing the human resources on top priority basis.
Education plays the most important role in developing these
resources.
10 Signify the importance of the conservation of resources by
quoting an example of Hazrat Muhammad?
Holy Prophet once said that one should not waste water even
if he is making ablution from a canal full of water. He wanted to
make us realize that the natural resources are nobody‟s
personal property, so nobody has a right to misuse them. One
can take the bare minimum share from the dainties of Allah.

CH # 10 FOREIGN POLICY OF PAKISTAN

01 Which committee was set up to bring about cease-fire
between Iraq and Iran? Ummah Peace Committee 02 Between
which countries Pakistan tried to make peace as a member of
Muslim Peace Committee Iran and Iraq 03 When did Pakistan
become the member of Non-Aligned Movement? 1979
04 Which Pact is an example of establishing peace through
unilateral sacrifice of rights?
Hudaibia Peace Pact 05 Which defence pact was joined by
Pakistan in 1954? SEATO
06 When was the East wing separated from rest of Pakistan?
1971
07 When did Pakistan become the member of UNO?
September 1947(next month of birth)
08 What is the new name of RCD? ECO
09 Which Japanese Emperor showed his nation the path of
„victory through peace‟?
Hirohito
10 When did Americans destroy two Japanese cities by
dropping atom bombs on them?
August,1945
11 Where was an Islamic University established with the
assistance of Saudi Arab? Islamabad
12 In which policy does Pakistan believe to solve international
disputes? Peace
Miss Ghazala Rao Asst. Prof. AIR BASE INTER COLLEGE MUSHAF,
SARGODHA
16
13 When was the People‟s Republic of China proclaimed?
Oct.1,1949
14 With which proposal Pakistan responded, in reply to Indian
offer of a no- war-pact?
Proposal of joint defence 15 When did India propose a No-War-
Pact? 1949/50
16 When was the 11th conference of Islamic Foreign Ministers
held in Islamabad?
1980
17 Which Saudi leader visited Pakistan in 1954? King Saud Bin
Abdul Aziz
18 Which country opposed membership of Pakistan in UN?
Afghanistan
19 When did Communist rule end in Soviet Union? 1989
SHORT ANSWERS
01 Define “foreign policy”
Every state as a member of the comity of nations is bound to
establish relations with other states. The policy a state adopts
in this process is called foreign policy. It is defined as follows,
“the general plan of one country concerning its relations with
other countries.”
02 Enlist five guiding principles of Pakistan‟s foreign policy.
Following are the basic principles
. (1) Cooperation with UNO & other international agencies in
maintaining world peace (2) Friendly relations with all nations.
(3) Non-alignment (4) Fraternal relations with Muslim world
(5) Regional cooperation (6) Economic Development
 03 How can Hudaibia Peace Pact guide us in framing in our
foreign policy?
For establishment peace one party has to make unilateral
sacrifice, though in the end, the party which seems to be the
loser by way of sacrificing its rights, may emerge as gainer and
victorious in the end.
04 In what respect was Pakistan helpful for the People’s
Republic of China on international issue?
Americans had distaste for Communist China. Pakistan tried to
bring both countries closer. In the period of Nixon, American
Foreign Secretary, Henry Kissinger secretly flew from Pakistan
to Peking and had dialogues with Chinese leadership. Thus
cessation of hostilities between two foes paved way for China‟s
membership of UN
05 Few lines on Indo-Pakistan relations.
Since India merged occupied Kashmir in Indian Union, the
bilateral relations got very strained at every level. India
frequently violates the LoC and targets innocent residents of
border areas of Pakistan .Pursuing the case of Kashmir Pakistan
has stated that until the uplift of lockdown and restoration of
Kashmir autonomous status in the light of the resolutions of
UN, no peace talk can be held.
06 Write a short note on China Pakistan Economic Corridor
(CPEC)
In 2013, Pakistan and China started a set of infrastructure
projects. Its worth was estimated at 62 billion dollars in 2020. It
aims at building an extensive infrastructure of roads, economic
zones, power and processing facilities from China to Gwadar
seaport. It will improve China‟s land and sea access to its
consumer markets in many countries and strengthen Pakistan’s
economy. On 13 November 2016, CPEC became partially
operational when the first Chinese cargo was transported
overland to Gawadar Port for onward maritime shipment to
Africa and West Asia