UNITS AND MEASUREMENT

1. The mass and radius of the earth are 5.975 × 1024 𝑘𝑔 𝑎𝑛𝑑 6.37 106 𝑚 respectively. Calculate the average
earth’s density to correct significant figures.
2. Each side of a cube is measured to be 7.203 m. What are the total surface area and the volume of the
cube to appropriate significant figures?
3. A calorie is a unit of heat or energy and it equals about 4.2 J where 1 𝐽1 𝑘𝑔𝑚2 𝑠 −2 .Suppose we employ
a system of units in which the units of mass equals α kg, the units of length equals β m, the unit of time is γ
s. Show that a calorie has a magnitude 4.2 𝛼 −1 𝛽−2 𝛾2 in terms of the new units.
4. Mention the limitations of the method of dimensional analysis.
5. Distinguish between dimensional and non-dimensional constant. Give examples of each type.
6. Using the principle of homogeneity of dimension, find which of the following is correct.
4𝜋2𝑟 3 𝑚1𝑚2 1
(𝑖)𝑇 2 = 4𝜋 2 𝑟 2 (𝑖𝑖)𝑇 2 = (𝑖𝑖𝑖)𝐹 = 𝐺 2 (𝑖𝑣)𝑝 = 𝑚𝑣 (𝑖𝑣) 𝑚𝑣 2 = 𝑚𝑔ℎ
𝐺𝑀 𝑟 2
Where T is time period, G is gravitational constant, M is mass, v is velocity and r is radius of orbit.
7. Solve the following and express the result to an appropriate number of significant figures.
(i) Add 6.2g ,4.33g and 17.456g
2.13×2.478
(ii) 458.2
(iii) Subtract 63.54kg from 187.2kg
𝟐.𝟓𝟏×𝟏𝟎−𝟒 ×𝟏.𝟖𝟏×𝟏𝟎𝟕
(iv) 𝟎.𝟒𝟒𝟔𝟑
8. State the rules for counting the number of significant figures in a measured quantity.
9. State the rules for determining the significant figures in the sum, difference, product and quotient of two
numbers.
10. Consider a simple pendulum, having a bob attached to a string, that oscillates under the action of the
force of gravity. Suppose that the period of oscillation of the simple pendulum depends on its length (l),
mass of the bob (m) and acceleration due to gravity (g). Derive the expression for its time period using
method of dimensions.
11. The length, breadth and thickness of a rectangular sheet of metal are 4.234 m, 1.005 m, and 2.01 cm
respectively. Give the area and volume of the sheet to correct significant figures.
12. The mass of a box measured by a grocer’s balance is 2.30 kg. Two gold pieces of masses 20.15 g and
20.17 g are added to the box. What is (a) the total mass of the box, (b) the difference in the masses of the
pieces to correct significant figures ?
13. Write the SI unit and dimensional formula of the following: (i)Pressure (ii) power (iii) density (iv) angle
14. The volume of a liquid flowing out per second from a pipe of length l and radius r is written by a student
as V= πPr4/8ηl where P is the pressure difference between two ends of pipe and η is coefficient of viscosity
of the liquid having dimensional formula [ML−1T−1]. Check whether the equation is dimensionally correct
or not.
15. Mohan drives an old car along a straight road for 8.4 km at 70 km/h, at this point it runs out of petrol
and stops. Over the next 30 minutes, Mohan walks another 2 km further along the road to a petrol pump.(a)
What is Mohan’s average velocity from the beginning of his drive to his arrival at the petrol pump? (b)
Suppose after buying petrol from pump, he walks back to the car takes another 45 minutes. What is his
average speed from the beginning of his drive to his return to his car with the petrol?

MOTION IN A STRAIGHT LINE

1. A car moving with a speed of 50km/hr can be stopped by brakes after atleast 6m.What will be the
minimum stopping distance, if the same car is moving at a speed of 100km/hr.
2. The greatest height to which a man can throw a stone is h. What will be the greatest distance upto which
he can throw the stone?
3. The velocity -time relation of an electron starting from rest is given by 𝑣 = 𝑘𝑡, 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝐾 =
2𝑚/𝑠 −2 .Calculate the distance traversed in 3s.
4. On a foggy day two drivers spot each other when they are just 80 meters apart. They are travelling at
72𝑘𝑚ℎ−1 𝑎𝑛𝑑 60𝑘𝑚ℎ−1 ,repectively. Both of them applied brakes retarding their cars at the rate of
5𝑚𝑠 −2 .Determine whether they avert collision or not.
5. From the top of a tower 100m in height a ball is dropped and at same time another ball is projected
vertically upwards from the ground with velocity 25m/s.Find when and where the two balls will meet. Take
𝑔 = 9.8𝑚/𝑠 2
6.A drunkard walking in a narrow lane takes 5 steps forward and 3 steps backward, followed again by 5
steps forward and 3 steps backward, and so on. Each step is 1 m long and requires 1 s. Plot the x-t graph of
his motion. Determine graphically and otherwise how long the drunkard takes to fall in a pit 13 m away
from the start.
7. The driver of a three wheeler moving with a speed of 36 kmh–1 sees a child standing in the middle of
the road and brings his vehicle to rest in 4 s, just in time to save the child. What is the average retarding
force on the vehicle? The mass of the three wheeler is 400 kg and the mass of the driver is 65 kg.
8. Draw (a) acceleration - time (b) position - time graphs representing motion of an object under free fall.
Neglect air resistance.
9. Give position-time graphs for one object moving with negative velocity, moving with positive velocity
and at rest.
10. Differentiate between average speed and instantaneous speed of an object.
11. Deduce the following equations for uniformly accelerated motion by using integration technique.
1
1)𝑣 = 𝑢 + 𝑎𝑡 2)𝑠 = 𝑢𝑡 + 𝑎𝑡 2 3)𝑣 2 − 𝑢2 = 2𝑎𝑠
2
12. A bird is sitting on the floor of a closed glass cage and the cage is in the hand of a girl. Will the girl
experience any change in the weight of the cage when the bird
(i) Starts flying in the cage with a constant velocity
(ii) Flies upwards with acceleration
(iii) Flies downwards with acceleration
13. Give any two differences between path length and displacement. Plot the Position-time graph of (a)
stationary object, and (b) an uniform motion.
14. A particle starts from origin at t=0 with a velocity 5.0𝑖 m/s and moves in x-y plane under action of a
force which produces a constant acceleration of (3.0𝑖 + 2.0𝑗) m/s2 . (a) What is the y-coordinate of the
particle at the instant its x-coordinate is 84 m? (b) What is the speed of the
15. Derive the kinematic equations for uniformly accelerated motion by graphical method or Calculus
method.
16. The velocity-time graph of a particle moving along a straight line is shown in the following figure by
curve OABCD. Calculate the distance covered by the particle between (i) t = 0 to 18s, (ii) t = 2s to 12s and
the maximum value of acceleration during this interval.

17. Explain why the following three graphs cannot represent one dimensional motion
 MOTION IN A PLANE
1. Analytically, find the resultant 𝑅⃗ of two vectors 𝐴 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐵 ⃗ 𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑑 𝑎𝑡 𝑎𝑛 𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑒 𝜃
2. Find the angle between two vectors 𝑃⃗ 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑄 ⃗ if resultant of the vectors is given by 𝑅2 = 𝑃2 + 𝑄2
3. Give an analytical method to find the vector sum of three vectors 𝑃⃗, 𝑄 ⃗ 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑅⃗
4. Establish the following vector inequalities geometrically or otherwise

5. If a rain drop falls from such a height freely under gravity, what will be its speed? Also calculate in km/h.
(g = 10 m/s2)
6. A typical rain drop is about 4 mm diameter. Momentum is mass x speed in magnitude. Estimate its
momentum when it hits ground.
7. Define null vector. What are its properties? What is its physical significance?
8. A hiker stands on the edge of a cliff 490 m above the ground and throws a stone horizontally with an
initial speed of 15 m s-1. Neglecting air resistance, find the time taken by the stone to reach the ground, and
the speed with which it hits the ground. (Take g = 9.8 m s-2).
9. The range of a projectile when launched at an angle of 15° to the horizontal is 1.5km what is the range
of the projectile when launched at an angle of 45° to the horizontal?
10. Show that for two complementary angles of projection of a projectile thrown with the same velocity,
the horizontal ranges are equal. For what angle of projection of a projectile, is the range maximum? For
what angle of projection of a projectile, are the horizontal range and maximum height attained by the
projectile equal?
11. (i)Define projectile motion. Derive the expression involved in projectile motion.
(ii)Derive the expression for finding the following in case of a projectile.
(a) Time of maximum height (b). Maximum height of a Projectile (c) Horizontal Range of a Projectile.
12. An insect trapped in a circular groove of radius 12 cm moves along the groove steadily and completes
7 revolutions in 100s.
(a) What is the angular speed of motion?
(b) Is the acceleration vector constant? What is its magnitude? (c)What is its linear displacement?
13. A man of mass 70 kg stands on a weighing scale in a lift which is moving
a) upwards with a uniform speed of 10ms−1.
b) downwards with a uniform acceleration of 5ms−2.
c) upwards with a uniform acceleration of 5ms−2. What would be the readings on the scale in
each case?
d) What would be the reading if the lift mechanism failed and it hurtled down freely under
gravity?
14. On an open ground, a motorist follows a track that turns to his left by an angle of 600 after every 500
m. starting from a given turn, specify the displacement of the motorist at the third, sixth and eighth turn.
Compare the magnitude of the displacement with the total path length covered by the motorist in each case.
15. The ceiling of a long hall is 25 m high. What is the maximum horizontal distance that a ball thrown
with a speed of 40 m s-1 can go without hitting the ceiling of the hall?
16. Rain is falling vertically with a speed of 35 ms-1. Winds starts blowing after sometime with a
speed of 12 m s-1 in east to west direction. In which direction should a boy waiting at a bus stop
hold his umbrella?

18.Two parallel rail tracks run north-south. Train A move north with speed of 54 km h-1 and train B moves
with a speed of 90 km h-1. What is the (a) Velocity of B with respect to A? (b) Velocity of ground with
respect to B? and (c) Velocity of a monkey running on the roof of the train A against its motion (with a
velocity.

19.Find the magnitude and direction of the resultant of two vectors A and B in terms of their magnitudes
and angle θ between them. (Parallelogram law of vectors)

20.A motor boat is racing towards north at 25 km/h and the water current in that region is 10km/h in the
direction of 60 east of south. Find the resultant velocity of the boat.

LAWS OF MOTION
1. When an automobile moving with a speed of 36km/h reaches an upward inclined road of 𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑒 30
°, 𝑖𝑡𝑠 engine is switched off. If the coefficient of friction involved is 0.1, how much distance will the
automobile move before coming to rest? Take g=10m/s2
2. What is meant by banking of roads? What is the need for banking a road?
3. Define uniform circular motion. Derive the velocity equation for (i) level road and (ii) banked road
4. Obtain an expression for the maximum speed with which a vehicle can safely negotiate a curved road
banked at an angle 𝜃. The coefficient of friction between the wheels and the road is 𝜇.
5. Define centripetal acceleration. Find the expression for it. Give one example of centripetal force.
6. A truck starts from rest and accelerates uniformly at 2.0 ms –2. At t = 10 s, a stone is dropped by a person
standing on the top of the truck (6 m high from the ground). What are the (a) velocity, and (b) acceleration
of the stone at t = 11 s? (Neglect air resistance.)
7. Why automobiles tyres have generally irregular projections over their surface ?
8. A batsman hits back a ball straight in the direction of the bowler without changing its initial speed of 12m
s–1 . If the mass of the ball is 0.15 kg, determine the impulse imparted to the ball. (Assume linear motion
of the ball)
9. A circular racetrack of radius 300 m is banked at an angle of 15°. If the coefficient of friction between
the wheels of a race-car and the road is 0.2, what is the (a) optimum speed of the racecar to avoid wear and
tear on its tyres, and (b) maximum permissible speed to avoid slipping ?
10. Define the coefficient of static friction.
11. Why Newton’s second law of motion is not applicable to the motion of a rocket ?
12. Two masses 8 kg and 12 kg are connected at the two ends of a light inextensible string that goes over a
frictionless pulley. Find the acceleration of the masses, and the tension in the string when the masses are
released.
13. Explain why
(a) The passenger are thrown forward from their seats, when a speeding bus stops suddenly.
(b) Does a cricketer move his hand backward while holding a catch?
(c) a horse cannot pull a cart and run in empty space,
 (d) it is easier to pull a lawn mower than to push it
14. A rocket of initial mass 6000 kg ejects mass at a constant rate of 16kgs-1 with constant relative speed
of 11 kms-1. What is acceleration of the rocket a minute after the blast? Neglect the acceleration due to
gravity.

15. Two blocks of masses 50kg and 30 kg connected by a mass less string pass over a light frictionless
pulley and rest on two smooth planes inclined at angles 30° and 60° respectively with the horizontal.
Determine the acceleration of the two blocks and the tension in the string. Take g = 10 ms-2.

16. (i) A cubical block rests on a plane of 𝜇= √3, determine the angle of inclination when the block just
slides down the inclined plane. (ii)What is the acceleration of the block and the trolley system shown in
figure, if the coefficient of kinetic friction between the trolley and the surface is 0.04? What is the tension
in the string? Take (g = 10ms-2). Neglect the mass of the string.

17. Prove the law of conservation of linear momentum. Explain the motion of blocks connected by a string
in vertical motion.

18.Briefly explain the origin of friction. Show that in an inclined plane, angle of friction is equal to angle
of repose.

19. Imagine that the gravitational force between Earth and Moon is provided by an invisible between the
Moon and Earth. What is the tension that exists in this invisible string due to Earth’s centripetal force?
(Mass of the Moon = 7.34 × 1022 kg, Distance between Moon and Earth = 3.84 × 108 m)

20.Define friction. What are the different types of friction.

21. A train runs along an unbanked circular bend of radius 30 m at a speed of 54 km/hr. The mass
of the train 106 kg. What provides the necessary centripetal force required for this purpose, the
engine or the rails? What is the angle of banking required to prevent the rail form wearing out?