Worksheet Topic: Air and Atmosphere

1 The table shows the composition of exhaust gases from an internal combustion engine.

What is gas Y?

A ammonia B argon
C Chlorine D nitrogen

2 Which two gases do not damage limestone buildings?

A nitrogen and carbon monoxide B nitrogen dioxide and carbon monoxide

C nitrogen dioxide and carbon dioxide D sulfur dioxide and carbon dioxide

3 What are the products of photosynthesis?

A carbon dioxide and oxygen B carbon dioxide and water

C glucose and water D glucose and oxygen

4 When a volcano erupts, which gas is produced in significant amounts?

A carbon monoxide B methane

C ozone D sulfur dioxide

5 Which atmospheric pollutant is produced by bacterial decay of vegetable matter?

A carbon monoxide B methane

C ozone D sulfur dioxide

6 Which gas is most likely to react with limestone?

A Ammonia B carbon monoxide

C methane D sulfur dioxide
 7 CFC compounds were commonly used as aerosol propellants. The structure of one CFC
compound is shown.

Which element in this compound causes a depletion of ozone in the atmosphere?

A Carbon B chlorine
C fluorine D hydrogen

8 The noble gases, argon, helium, krypton and xenon, are present in air. Which noble gas is present
in the largest proportion?
A Argon B helium
C krypton D xenon

9 Which gas will react with ozone in the upper atmosphere of the Earth?

A CF2Cl 2 B CH4 C CO2 D SO2

10 Which pair of gases could be removed from the atmosphere using calcium carbonate?

A CO2 and O3 B CO and SO2 C CH4 and NO2 D NO2 and SO2

11 Which gas can be removed from the exhaust gases of a petrol-powered car by its catalytic
converter?

A carbon monoxide B carbon dioxide

C nitrogen D steam

12 Which row shows both the correct source and the correct effect of the named pollutant?

pollutant source effect

A carbon monoxide incomplete combustion of global warming

carbon-containing materials
B oxides of nitrogen decaying vegetable matter global warming
C ozone photochemical reactions acid rain
D sulfur dioxide volcanoes acid rain
 13 The gases coming from a car’s exhaust contain oxides of nitrogen. How are these oxides
formed?
A Nitrogen reacts with carbon dioxide. B Nitrogen reacts with carbon monoxide.
C Nitrogen reacts with oxygen. D Nitrogen reacts with petrol.

14 Which gas burns in air to form only one product?

A Ammonia B carbon monoxide C hydrogen chloride D ethane

15 Sulfur is burnt in air. Which statement about this reaction is correct?

A Sulfur is oxidised to sulfur trioxide.

B The gas formed turns aqueous potassium dichromate (VI) from orange to green.
C The reaction is reversible.
D The reaction needs a catalyst.

16 A catalytic converter in a car exhaust system speeds up the change of pollutants into less
harmful products. Which change does not occur in a catalytic converter?

A carbon dioxide → carbon

B carbon monoxide → carbon dioxide
C nitrogen oxides → nitrogen
D unburned hydrocarbons → carbon dioxide and water

17 Which natural process can cause nitrogen oxides to be formed in the atmosphere?

A bacterial decay of plants B lightning activity

C photosynthesis D respiration

18 Methane is a greenhouse gas. Which process releases methane into the air?

A combustion of petrol B decay of vegetable matter

C photosynthesis D volcanic activity

19 Natural gas, petroleum and diesel are all used as energy sources. Which gas is not produced
when these sources are burned?

A carbon dioxide B carbon monoxide

C hydrogen D water
20. Four current problems in our atmosphere are listed.
1 acid rain
2 depletion of the ozone layer
3 presence of greenhouse gases
4 incomplete combustion of carbon compounds

Which atmospheric pollutant is responsible for each problem?

W chlorofluorocarbons X sulfur dioxide

Y carbon monoxide Z carbon dioxide
A solid substance Z burns in air to form a product that is gaseous at 20 °C. What is Z?

A Hydrogen B carbon monoxide C carbon D magnesium

Why are catalytic converters fitted to car exhausts?

A to decrease the amount of carbon dioxide emitted

B to decrease the amount of nitrogen oxides emitted
C to improve energy conservation
D to reduce global warming

The table shows pollutants and their possible effects. Which line is not correct?

pollutant effect

A CFCs cause destruction of the ozone layer

B CH4 forms photochemical smog
C CO is poisonous to humans
D NO2 forms acid rain

The carbon cycle regulates the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

Combustion, photosynthesis and respiration are involved in this cycle.

How do these processes affect the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere?

Z is a pollutant gas that is formed in internal combustion engines.

An aqueous solution of Z is acidic.

Z is removed from the exhaust gases in a catalytic converter by reduction.

 What is Z?

A CO B N2 C H2O D NO2

Three statements about the carbon cycle are given.

1 The carbon cycle regulates the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
2 During photosynthesis, carbon dioxide is produced.
3 Combustion of hydrocarbons requires oxygen.

Which statements are correct?

A 1 and 2 only B 1 and 3 only C 2 and 3 only D 1, 2 and 3

. Carbon dioxide, methane and oxygen are gases involved in the carbon cycle.

Which of these gases may contribute to global warming?

A carbon dioxide only

B carbon dioxide and methane
C carbon dioxide and oxygen
D methane only

. Methane and sulfur dioxide are two air pollutants found in the Earth’s atmosphere.

Which row correctly identifies one source of each gas?

Dry air is a mixture of gases of which 99% is nitrogen and oxygen.

What is the main constituent of the remaining 1%?

A argon
B helium
C hydrogen

D Nitrogen
. The diagram shows part of the carbon cycle.

carbon dioxide in
the air

P Q R

Giraffe

Tree power station using wood chips as fuel

What are processes P, Q and R?

The diagram shows an experiment to determine the percentage of oxygen in air.

Which diagram shows the correct level of water after the candle stops burning?
 . 32. Which statement about gases in the atmosphere is correct?

A Carbon monoxide is a pollutant which causes acid rain.

B Catalytic converters reduce carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide.
C Methane in the atmosphere depletes the ozone layer.
D Photosynthesis adds oxygen to the atmosphere.

Some atmospheric pollutants are listed.

1 sulfur dioxide
2 methane
3 nitrogen dioxide
4 unburned hydrocarbons

Which substances could be removed by reacting with calcium

carbonate?

A 1 and 2 B 1 and 3 C 2 and 4 D 3 and

4

33. Fossil fuels are used to power some internal combustion engines.

Which pollutants are produced by an internal combustion engine burning fossil fuels?

1 carbon monoxide
2 nitrogen oxides
3 sulfur dioxide

A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 2 only C 1 and 3 only D 2 and 3 only

34. The equation shows the reaction of glucose with oxygen.

C6H12O6 + 6O2  6CO2 + 6H2O

Which statement about this reaction is incorrect?

A It can occur in the dark.

B It is endothermic.
C It needs chlorophyll as a catalyst.
D It occurs in plants but not in animals.

. 35. Which row correctly compares carbon dioxide and methane?

 Which pair of gases are both non-acidic?

A ammonia and methane

B carbon dioxide and ammonia
C methane and nitrogen dioxide
D nitrogen dioxide and carbon dioxide

. What is the correct order of abundance of the gases in the air?

A nitrogen → oxygen → argon → carbon dioxide

B nitrogen → oxygen → carbon dioxide → argon

C oxygen → nitrogen → argon → carbon dioxide

D oxygen → nitrogen → carbon dioxide → argon

. Carbon is used in the purification of the water supply.

What is the reason for this?

A to remove mud and other insoluble solids

B to remove nitrates caused by the excessive use of fertiliser
C to remove tastes and odours
D to sterilise the water by removing harmful bacteria

. The water supply can be purified by filtration and chlorination.

Which substance remains in the water supply after these treatments?

A fine sand
B harmful microbes
C mineral salts
D solid organic matter

Water was added to separate samples of anhydrous cobalt(II) chloride and

anhydrous copper(II) sulfate.

Which row describes the colour changes that take place in these reactions?

cobalt(II) chloride copper(II) sulfate

 A blue to pink blue to white
B blue to pink white to blue
C pink to blue blue to white
D pink to blue white to blue

In which reaction is the colour change from blue to white?

A heating hydrated cobalt(II) chloride

B heating hydrated copper(II) sulfate

C adding water to anhydrous cobalt(II) chloride

D adding water to anhydrous copper(II) sulfate

Which of the following are tests for water?

1 It turns anhydrous copper(II) sulfate blue.

2 It boils at 100 °C.

3 It turns anhydrous cobalt(II) chloride paper blue.

. Equations for the effect of water on anhydrous cobalt(II) chloride and

copper(II) sulfate are shown.

CoCl 2(s) + 6H2O(l) → CoCl2.6H2O(s)

CuSO4(s) + 5H2O(l) →CuSO4.5H2O(s)

Which statement is not correct?

A Both reactions can be reversed by changing the conditions.

B Both reactions can be used as a test for water.

C The colour change observed when hydrated copper(II) sulfate is heated is from blue to white.

D The colour change observed when water is added to anhydrous cobalt(II) chloride is
from pink to blue.

42. Some crystals of hydrated cobalt(II) chloride are heated in a test-tube until no further
change is observed.

The test-tube is allowed to cool and a few drops of water are then added to the

contents. Which colours are observed?

When pink crystals of cobalt(II) chloride are heated, steam is given off and the colour of the
solid changes to blue.
CoCl 2.6H2O CoCl 2 + 6H2O

What happens when water is added to the blue solid?

colour temperature

A changes to decreases
B pink changes increases
C to pink decreases
D remains blue increases

The diagram shows some uses of water in the home.

1 2 3

For which uses is it important for the water to have been treated?

A 1 only B 2 only C 3 only D 1, 2 and 3

45. The diagram shows a stage in the purification of dirty water.
dirty water
sand
pot with holes in
fine gravel bottom

coarse gravel

Which process does this apparatus show?

A chlorination
B condensation
C distillation
D filtration

46. Separate samples of anhydrous and hydrated copper(II) sulfate are heated.

Which shows the correct colour changes?

anhydrous copper(II) hydrated copper(II) sulfate

sulfate
A blue to white to blue
B white no blue to white
C change blue to white
D white to no change
blue
47. Water has been contaminated with sea-water.

Which substances can be removed by chlorination and filtration?

A bacteria, sand and sodium chloride

B bacteria and sand only
C bacteria and sodium chloride only
D sand and sodium chloride only

48. In many countries river water is used for the washing of clothes.

The same water is not considered to be safe for drinking.

Why is it not safe for drinking?

A because river water contains dissolved salts

B because river water may contain harmful bacteria
C because river water may contain small particles of sand
D because river water may contain soap from washing clothes

49. Water is treated at a water works to make it fit to drink.

What is present in the water when it leaves the waterworks?

A bacteria only
B bacteria and insoluble substances
C chlorine only
D chlorine and soluble substances

50 Solid copper(II) sulfate can exist in two different forms, anhydrous and hydrated.

One of these forms is blue and other is white.

The change between these two forms is reversible.

blue form white form

Which is the blue form and how is the change from the blue form to the white form
brought about?
51. Untreated water can spread diseases such as cholera.

What can be added to drinking water to reduce the spread of such diseases?

A carbon monoxide
B chlorine
C nitrogen monoxide
D sulfur

52. Some uses of water are listed.

1 for drinking
2 in chemical reactions
3 in swimming pools
4 in washing

For which uses is it necessary to chlorinate the water?

A 1a B 1 and 3 C 2 and 4 D 3 and 4

53 Water for human use is treated by filtration then chlorination.

Which uses do not need water of this quality?

1 water for cooling in industry

2 water for flushing toilets in the home
3 water for drinking

A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 2 only C 1 and 3 only D 2 and 3 only

 54 Water from a reservoir flows to the water works where purification process 1 takes
place followed by process 2.

What are purification processes 1 and 2?

. 55. Four processes are used during the purification of water.

● use of carbon
● desalination
● chlorination
● filtration

The purposes, W, X, Y and Z, for these processes are listed.

W disinfection
X removal of solids
Y removal of dissolved salts
Z removal of tastes and odours

What is the purpose for each process?

56. A river runs through an area of land that is used for growing cotton. The cotton farmers applied a
large amount of fertiliser to their fields. This caused eutrophication in the river water.
 Which statement is correct?

A Decreased levels of mineral salts caused the eutrophication.

B Desalination of the river water occurred.
C Increased levels of phosphates and nitrates caused the eutrophication.
D Oxygen levels in the river water increased.

57. Lakes contain a variety of dissolved substances.

Which substance is responsible for eutrophication in lakes?

A metal compounds
B nitrate fertilisers
C oxygen
D water vapour

58. Why is chlorine added to the water supply?

A Chlorine is used to desalinate the water.

B Chlorine kills bacteria that may be present in the water.
C Chlorine precipitates solids that may be present in the water.
D Chlorine removes tastes and odours from the water.

59. Sea water is not safe to drink. It can be converted into drinkable water by desalination.

What does desalination involve?

A adding chlorine to kill bacteria
B boiling the water to sterilise it
C removing the salt by filtration
D separating the water by distillation

60. Sea water has to be purified in order to obtain drinking water from it.

Which processes are used to purify the sea water?

61. River water contains many impurities.

Which process alone can produce pure water from river water?

A adding chlorine
B distillation
C filtering
D passing through carbon

62. Seawater is desalinated to make it drinkable.

What is the main substance removed by desalination?

A detergent
B fertiliser
C sewage
D sodium chloride

63. Which term correctly describes the conversion of seawater into drinkable water?

A chlorination
B desalination
C filtration
D neutralization

64. Dissolved substances in water can cause eutrophication.

How many of the ions shown cause this

effect?
– 2–
Cl CO Na
+
NO
3
–
4 3–
3 PO

A 1 B 2 C 3 D 4
1. Choose from the following compounds to answer these questions.

aluminium sulfate
ammonia
calcium carbonate
carbon dioxide
chlorofluorocarbons
copper(II) sulfate
hydrogen chloride
potassium nitrate
sodium chloride

Each compound may be used once, more than once or not at all.

Which compound:

(a) is a gas which dissolves in water to form an alkaline solution

............................................................................................................................................. [1]

(b) is an anhydrous solid which is used to test for water

............................................................................................................................................. [1]

(c) contains ions with a 3+ charge

............................................................................................................................................. [1]

(d) is a solid used in flue gas desulfurisation

............................................................................................................................................. [1]

(e) causes eutrophication?

............................................................................................................................................. [1]

(e) contributes to acid rain.

............................................................................................................................................. [1]

[
2 Dry air contains nitrogen, oxygen, noble gases and carbon dioxide.

(a) State the percentage of oxygen present in dry air.

............................................................................................................................................. [1]

(b) Carbon dioxide is removed from a sample of air by passing the air through aqueous sodium
hydroxide.

Explain why aqueous sodium hydroxide removes carbon dioxide from air.

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [2]

(c) Describe how oxygen, nitrogen and the noble gases are separated from each other after
carbon dioxide has been removed.

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [2]

(d) Describe the test for oxygen.

test ............................................................................................................................................

observation ...............................................................................................................................
[2]

(e) Ozone, O3, is formed in the atmosphere by the reaction of nitrogen dioxide with oxygen in
the presence of ultraviolet light.

(i) State the type of chemical reaction that takes place when ozone is formed in this way.

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) Nitrogen dioxide is formed in internal combustion engines.

State one other source of nitrogen dioxide in the atmosphere.

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

(f) A layer of ozone is present high in the atmosphere.

State one problem for humans that can arise if the ozone layer is depleted by CFCs.

............................................................................................................................................. [1]

[
3. This question is about pollutant gases.

(a) Hydrocarbons such as octane are used as fuels for cars.

The list shows the gases present in a car exhaust.

carbon dioxide
carbon monoxide
nitrogen
nitrogen dioxide
octane
water vapour

State which two gases in the list show that incomplete combustion has taken place in this car
engine.

1 ................................................................................................................................................

2 ................................................................................................................................................
[2]

(b) Describe a test for carbon dioxide.

test ............................................................................................................................................

observation ...............................................................................................................................
[2]

(c) Two natural sources of methane in the atmosphere are from leaks of natural gas and waste
gases from animals.

Give one other natural source of methane in the atmosphere.

............................................................................................................................................. [1]

(d) Complete this sentence about the effect of an increase in the concentration of methane in
the atmosphere.

Methane is a .............................. gas because it absorbs and then re-emits infrared

radiation. This contributes to an increase in temperature of the atmosphere which is called

.............................. .............................. . [2]

(e) Cars are fitted with catalytic converters to reduce the amount of harmful pollutant gases from
car exhausts.

Describe how catalytic converters remove pollutant gases from car exhausts.

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................[2].
4. This question is about nitrogen and oxides of nitrogen. 5070/22/O/N/22/Q6(a) & (c)

(a) State the percentage of nitrogen by volume in dry air.

............................................................................................................................................. [1]
(c) Nitrogen(II) oxide, NO, reacts with hydrogen to produce ammonia and water.

Construct the equation for this reaction.

............................................................................................................................................. [2]

(d) Nitrogen oxides are pollutants in the atmosphere.

(i) State one source of nitrogen oxides in the atmosphere.

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) Nitrogen oxides contribute to acid rain.

State one effect of acid rain on buildings.

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

(iii) State the formula of the ion that is present in all acids.

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

(d) Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) are atmospheric pollutants which deplete the ozone layer.

Explain the importance of the ozone layer. 5070/22/O/N/22/Q2 (c)

Describe one problem caused by the depletion of the ozone layer.

importance ................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

problem ................................................................................................................................ [2]

5. Dry air contains nitrogen, oxygen, noble gases and carbon dioxide. 5070/22/O/N/21/Q2

(a) State the percentage of oxygen present in dry air.

............................................................................................................................................. [1]

(b) Carbon dioxide is removed from a sample of air by passing the air through aqueous sodium
hydroxide.
Explain why aqueous sodium hydroxide removes carbon dioxide from air.

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [2]
(c) Describe how oxygen, nitrogen and the noble gases are separated from each other after
carbon dioxide has been removed.

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [2]

(d) Describe the test for oxygen.

test ............................................................................................................................................

observation ...............................................................................................................................
[2]

(e) Ozone, O3, is formed in the atmosphere by the reaction of nitrogen dioxide with oxygen in
the presence of ultraviolet light.

(i) State the type of chemical reaction that takes place when ozone is formed in this way.

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) Nitrogen dioxide is formed in internal combustion engines.

State one other source of nitrogen dioxide in the atmosphere.

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

(f) A layer of ozone is present high in the atmosphere. 5070/21/O/N/21/Q9 (c)

State one problem for humans that can arise if the ozone layer is depleted by CFCs.

............................................................................................................................................. [1]

(e) Nitrates from fertilisers cause eutrophication when they are leached from soils into rivers.

Describe the process of eutrophication.

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [3]
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6. This question is about pollutant gases. 5070/22/O/N/21/Q2

(a) Hydrocarbons such as octane are used as fuels for cars.

The list shows the gases present in a car exhaust.

carbon dioxide
carbon monoxide
nitrogen
nitrogen dioxide
octane
water vapour

State which two gases in the list show that incomplete combustion has taken place in this car
engine.

1 ................................................................................................................................................

2 ................................................................................................................................................ [2]

(b) Describe a test for carbon dioxide.

test ............................................................................................................................................

observation ...............................................................................................................................
[2]

(c) Two natural sources of methane in the atmosphere are from leaks of natural gas and waste
gases from animals.

Give one other natural source of methane in the atmosphere.

............................................................................................................................................. [1]

(d) Complete this sentence about the effect of an increase in the concentration of methane in the
atmosphere.

Methane is a .............................. gas because it absorbs and then re-emits infrared

radiation. This contributes to an increase in temperature of the atmosphere which is called

.............................. .............................. . [2]

(e) Cars are fitted with catalytic converters to reduce the amount of harmful pollutant gases from
car exhausts.

Describe how catalytic converters remove pollutant gases from car exhausts.

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

7. Water from natural sources contains dissolved substances which are not pollutants, such as
mineral salts. 5070/22/O/N/20/Q4

(a) Name another substance found naturally in water which is not a mineral salt or a pollutant.
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............................................................................................................................................. [1]
(b) The exhaust from diesel engines contains carbon monoxide. 5070/22/O/N/19/Q3 (d)

(i) Explain how carbon monoxide is formed in the diesel engine.

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) Describe one effect of carbon monoxide on human health.

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

(c) Sulfur dioxide is an atmospheric pollutant.

(i) State one source of the sulfur dioxide in the atmosphere.

...................................................................................................................................... .[1]

(ii) Describe and explain how sulfur dioxide contributes to acid rain.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

............................................................................
...........................................................[2]

(ii) State three processes used in the purification of river water to produce drinking water.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................... [3]

8 Ammonia is used to make the soluble salt ammonium nitrate, NH4NO3. 5070/22/M/J/22/ B9 (c) (i) & (ii)

(a) Nitrogenous fertilisers such as ammonium nitrate leach from farmland and cause water
pollution problems in rivers and lakes.

(i) Name the process caused by this type of water pollution.

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) Explain why this type of water pollution problem is increased when nitrate fertilisers are
used instead of other fertilisers.

...........................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................... [1]
(b) Sulfur dioxide and oxides of nitrogen are pollutants found in air. 5070/22/M/J/21/ A6 (a) , (b) & (c)

(i) State one environmental problem caused by the presence of sulfur dioxide in the air.

............................................................................................................................................. [1]

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(ii) Coal-fired power stations produce sulfur dioxide as a pollutant.

The sulfur dioxide produced is prevented from entering the air by a process called flue gas
desulfurisation, FGD.

Name the compound used in FGD that reacts with the sulfur dioxide.

............................................................................................................................................. [1]

(c) Coal-fired power stations also produce oxides of nitrogen such as NO.

NO is produced when nitrogen, N2, reacts with oxygen.

(i) Construct the equation for this reaction.

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

9 Air is a source of many gases. 5070/21/M/J/19 A4 (a) , (b) , (c) , (d)

(a) What is the percentage by volume of nitrogen in dry air?

............................................................................................................................................. [1]

(b) Outline the separation of oxygen, nitrogen and the noble gases from liquid air.

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [3]

(c) State one large scale use of nitrogen.

............................................................................................................................................. [1]

(d) Air contains gaseous pollutants.

(i) Name one gas that contributes to acid rain.

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) State one environmental consequence of an increase in the percentage of carbon

dioxide in the air.

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

(iii) Describe the source of carbon monoxide in air.

...........................................................................................................................................

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.....................................................................................................................................
0 [1]

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 17

10 Choose from the gases to answer the questions. 5070/22/M/J/18 A1

ammonia
carbon
dioxide
chlorine
butane
hydroge
n
nitrogen
oxygen
propane
sulfur dioxide

Each gas can be used once, more than once or not at

all. Which gas:

(a) is used in hospitals as breathing apparatus

............................................................................................................................................... [1]

(b) is used to kill bacteria in the purification of water for domestic use

............................................................................................................................................... [1]

(c) contributes to acid rain and erodes buildings and monuments

............................................................................................................................................... [1]

(d) occupies 78% by volume of dry air

............................................................................................................................................... [1]

(e) is released when calcium hydroxide is added to soil that contains the
fertiliser ammonium nitrate?

............................................................................................................................................... [1]

© UCLES 2022 5070/22/M/J/22

11 (a) ZnS is heated in air. Zinc oxide and sulfur dioxide are formed. 5070/22/M/J/18 B7 (b) & (c)

(i) Construct the equation for this reaction.

....................................................................................................................................... [2]

(ii) Suggest one environmental problem involved with heating ZnS in air.

...........................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(b) Zinc oxide is reacted with dilute sulfuric acid to form aqueous zinc sulfate.

Construct the equation for this reaction.

............................................................................................................................................... [1]

(c) Calcium carbonate reacts with dilute nitric acid to form three compounds, X, Y and Z.
• X is a salt. 5070/22/M/J/18 B8 (d)
• Y is a colourless gas.
• Z is a colourless liquid.

(i) Name Y and describe a test for this gas.

name .................................................................................................................................

test ....................................................................................................................................

observation ........................................................................................................................
[2]
(ii) Name Z and describe a chemical test for this liquid.

name .................................................................................................................................

chemical test .....................................................................................................................

observation ........................................................................................................................
[2]
(d) Methane, ethane and propane are all gases at room temperature.

(a) State a use of methane.

............................................................................................................................................... [1]

(b) Describe one source of methane in the atmosphere.

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................... [1]

(c) State one possible environmental consequence of the presence of methane in the
atmosphere.

............................................................................................................................................... [1]

© UCLES 2022 5070/22/M/J/22

© UCLES 2022 5070/22/M/J/22
 18

[1]

© UCLES 2022 5070/22/M/J/22

 13

(iii) Construct the equation for the reaction between calcium carbonate and nitric acid.

.......................................................................................................................................

[1]

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Sulfamic acid has the structure shown. 5070/22/M/J/18 B9 (a) (b)

H O H

N S O

H O

(a) Write the molecular formula for sulfamic acid.

............................................................................................................................................... [1]

(b) Sulfamic acid is a weak acid.

(i) What is meant by the term acid?

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