Disaster_Management__241005_103744[1]

o Introduction
[ What is a disaster ? ]
A disaster is a natural, man-made, or
technological hazard that leads to a
large-scale event causing severe
physical damage, destruction, loss of life,
or significant environmental changes. It
can be described as any catastrophic
occurrence resulting from events like
earthquakes, floods, accidents, fires, or
explosions. Such phenomena can harm
lives and property, while disrupting the
economic, social, and cultural fabric of
communities.
[Disaster Management ]
1. Disaster management, also known as
emergency management, refers to the
organized efforts of communities,
businesses, and governments to plan for
and coordinate the necessary personnel
and resources to either reduce the
impact of or recover from natural and
man-made disasters, including acts of
terrorism. While disaster management
does not prevent or eliminate these
threats, understanding and studying
them is a crucial aspect of the field.
Emergency management typically
involves five key phases:
2.prevention,
3.mitigation
4.preparedness,
5.response
6.recovery.
[Types of disaster]
Generally, disasters are of two types -
Natural and Manmade. Based on the
devastation they cause, these are further
classified into major/minor natural
disaster and major/minor manmade
disasters. Some of the disasters are
listed below,
o Major manmade
o Major natural disaster:
disasters: o Setting of fires
o. Flood o Epidemic
o Cyclone o Deforestation
o Drought o. Chemical
o Earthquake pollution. o Wars
o Let's see the Five stages of emergency
management in detail.
[Prevention]
Prevention was recently introduced as a
phase in emergency management,
focusing on reducing human hazards,
especially from natural disasters or
terrorist attacks. Preventive actions,
taken both domestically and
internationally, aim to provide long-term
protection from disasters. While not all
disasters, especially natural ones, can
be prevented, effective evacuation plans,
environmental planning, and design
standards can reduce the risk of injury
and loss of life.
[Mitigation]
Personal mitigation is a key to national
preparedness. Individuals and families
train to avoid unnecessary risks. This
includes an assessment of possible risks
to personal/family health and to personal
property, and steps taken to minimize the
effects of a disaster, or take procure
insurance to protect them against effects
of a disaster.
[PREPAREDNESS]
Preparedness focuses on preparing
equipment and procedures for use when
a disaster occurs. Preparedness
measures can take many forms including
the construction of shelters,
implementation of an emergency
communication system, installation of
warning devices, creation of back-up life-
line services (e.g., power, water,
sewage), and rehearsing evacuation
plans.
[Response]
The response phase of an emergency
may commence with Search and Rescue
but in all cases the focus will quickly turn
to fulfilling the basic humanitarian needs
of the affected population. This
assistance may be provided by national
or international agencies and
organizations. On a personal level the
response can take the shape either of a
shelter in place or an evacuation
[Recovery]
The recovery phase starts after the
immediate threat to human life has
subsided. The immediate goal of the
recovery phase is to bring the affected
area back normalcy as quickly as
possible. During reconstruction it is
recommended to consider the location or
construction
material of the property.
[Conclusion]
In modern world, natural and man-made
disaster cause great harm of property
and life. As we observe rise in global
warming there is a skyrocketing increase
in natural disasters like floods, cyclones,
and forest fires. Also as the urban
settlements grows there is increase in
risk of disasters like road accidents,
domestic fires, falling of building etc has
been observed. In such situation having
elobrate knowledge on disaster
management helps counter fatalities,
and improves the quality of life.
As a responsible citizen we must strive to
avoid and counter such situations bu our
responsible behaviour the helping
ourcoummunity in the times of crisis.

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o Introduction

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