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    1.Introduction of Neonatology

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    1.Introduction of Neonatology

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as key, pdf, or txt
    7 views16 pages

    1.Introduction of Neonatology

    Uploaded by

    abdfatima454

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as KEY, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as key, pdf, or txt
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    Neonatology Overview

    Dr.Abdikarim Awale
    MBBS, Pead's-resident, HPE, MPH-HSM
    Doctor at Neonatal Unit Hargeisa Group
    Hospital

    5/28/23 Dr.Abdikarim Awale


    What is neonatology?

    5/28/23 Dr.Abdikarim Awale


    Neonatology
    Neonatology is a branch of
    pediatrics that studies the care,
    development, and diseases of
    newborn infants.

    5/28/23 Dr.Abdikarim Awale


    Neonatal Health care
    Definition
    neo, "new", natal, "pertaining to birth o
    r origin“
    Neonatal period: the first 4 weeks
    after delivery.
    Neonatal healthcare: is the care given
    to newborn babies within their first four
    weeks of life.
    5/28/23 Dr.Abdikarim Awale
    Why we need this course ?
    “In 2019, 2.4 million deaths, or roughly 47%
    of all under-five deaths, occur during this
    period. This translates to 6700 newborn
    deaths every day.” source WHO.
    In developing countries nearly half of all
    mothers and newborns do not receive
    skilled care during and immediately after
    birth.

    5/28/23 Dr.Abdikarim Awale


    Why we need this course ?
    The majority of the neonatal deaths are
    concentrated in the first day and week,
    with about 1 million dying on the first
    day and close to one million dying
    within the next six days. Reducing
    neonatal mortality is increasingly
    important not only because the
    proportions of under-five deaths that
    occur during the neonatal period
    5/28/23 Dr.Abdikarim Awale
    Why we need this course ?
    There are more than 1 million
    neonatal deaths in Africa
    75% of the neonatal deaths occur
    in the first week of life.
    30% of the deaths are in the first
    24 hours of life.

    5/28/23 Dr.Abdikarim Awale


    Why we need this course ?
    Up to two thirds of newborn
    deaths can be prevented if
    known, effective health measures are
    provided at birth and during the first
    week of life.

    5/28/23 Dr.Abdikarim Awale


    Why we need this course ?
    Neonatal mortality rate of
    Somaliland is estimated 37/1000
    live birth.
    Most of their deaths are unrecorded
    and remain invisible.
    Somaliland is just starting postnatal
    care programmes to reach mothers
    and babies at this critical time.
    5/28/23 Dr.Abdikarim Awale
    Why we need this course?

    At birth the need for resuscitation


    is not predictable
    The right skills and knowledge plus
    simple equipment can save many
    newborn lives
    Anyone who delivers babies should
    be able to provide at least the
    simple resuscitation if necessary.
    5/28/23 Dr.Abdikarim Awale
    Somaliland situation of the
    health of Maternal And Child
    Health
    Under 5 mortality 131.5/1000
    Infant mortality(IMR) 65/1000
    Neonatal mortality(NMR) 37 to
    40/1000
    maternal mortality ratio (MMR)
    692 per 100,000.

    5/28/23 Dr.Abdikarim Awale


    Target : Word Sustainable
    Millennium Development goals
    By 2030, end preventable deaths of
    newborns and children under 5 years of
    age, with all countries aiming to
    reduce:
    neonatal mortality to at least as
    low as 12 per 1,000 live births and
    under-5 mortality to at least as low
    as 25 per 1,000 live birth.
    5/28/23 Dr.Abdikarim Awale
    The Somaliland Health and
    Demographic Survey- 2020 key findings
    13% of children aged 12-23 months had received all
    basic vaccination.
    30% of children had received BCG.
    15% of the children had received polio 3 vaccine, and
    15% of children had received measles vaccination
    The prevalence of early initiation of breastfeeding in
    the first hour of birth is 69%.
    30% of children aged 0-5 months were exclusively
    breastfed.
    7% of children aged less than 2 years have their birth
    registered.
    5/28/23 Dr.Abdikarim Awale
    The Somaliland Health and Demographic
    Survey- 2020 key findings

    33% of live births were delivered at health


    facility.
    48% were assisted by a Traditional Birth
    Attendant (TBA) whereas 40% of deliveries
    are assisted by a skilled provider.
    4% of deliveries were performed using
    Caesarean section in the 5 years preceding
    the survey.
    66% of women aged 15-49 have no education
    5/28/23 Dr.Abdikarim Awale
    The main Global causes of
    1.
    neonatal mortality are:
    1.

    1.

    2. prematurity.
    3. Intrapartum-related complication
    (Birth Asphyxia)
    4. Neonatal infections: e.g., tetanus
    neonatorum, neonatal septicemia,
    neonatal meningitis, neonatal pneumonia
    and neonatal diarrhea.
    5. Birth defects

    5/28/23 Dr.Abdikarim Awale


    Questions ?

    5/28/23 Dr.Abdikarim Awale

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