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    U -1 Looping Statements

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    shivkailashsahu2

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    U -1 Looping Statements

    Uploaded by

    shivkailashsahu2
    3 views5 pages

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    3 views5 pages

    U -1 Looping Statements

    Uploaded by

    shivkailashsahu2

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
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    Looping Statements

     In programming, sometimes we need to execute the block of code repeatedly while some condition
    evaluates to true.
     However, loop statements are used to execute the set of instructions in a repeated order.
     The execution of the set of instructions depends upon a particular condition.
     Looping in programming languages is a feature which facilitates the execution of a set of
    instructions/functions repeatedly while some condition evaluates to true.
     Java provides three ways for executing the loops. While all the ways provide similar basic functionality,
    they differ in their syntax and condition checking time.
    In Java, we have three types of loops that execute similarly. However, there are differences in their syntax and
    condition checking time.

    1. for loop
    2. while loop
    3. do-while loop

    Java while loop


     The while loop is used to iterate over the number of statements multiple times.

     However, if we don't know the number of iterations in advance, it is recommended to use a while loop.
    Unlike for loop, the initialization and increment/decrement doesn't take place inside the loop statement in
    while loop.

     It is also known as the entry-controlled loop since the condition is checked at the start of the loop. If the
    condition is true, then the loop body will be executed; otherwise, the statements after the loop will be
    executed.
    Syntax :

    while (boolean condition)


    {
    loop statements...
    }
     While loop starts with the checking of Boolean condition. If it evaluated to true, then the loop body
    statements are executed otherwise first statement following the loop is executed. For this reason it is also
    called Entry control loop

     Once the condition is evaluated to true, the statements in the loop body are executed. Normally the
    statements contain an update value for the variable being processed for the next iteration.

     When the condition becomes false, the loop terminates which marks the end of its life cycle.

    /*package whatever //do not write package name here */

    import java.io.*;

    class GFG {
    public static void main (String[] args) {
    int i=0;
    while (i<=10)
    {
    System.out.println(i);
    i++;
    }
    }
    }
    Output
    0
    1
    2
    3
    4
    5
    6
    7
    8
    9
    10
    Java do-while loop
     do while loop is similar to while loop with only difference that it checks for condition after executing the
    statements, and therefore is an example of Exit Control Loop.

     The do-while loop checks the condition at the end of the loop after executing the loop statements.

     When the number of iteration is not known and we have to execute the loop at least once, we can use do-
    while loop.

     It is also known as the exit-controlled loop since the condition is not checked in advance. The syntax of the
    do-while loop is given below.

    Syntax:
    do
    {
    statements..
    }
    while (condition);

     do while loop starts with the execution of the statement(s). There is no checking of any condition for the
    first time.

     After the execution of the statements, and update of the variable value, the condition is checked for true or
    false value. If it is evaluated to true, next iteration of loop starts.

     When the condition becomes false, the loop terminates which marks the end of its life cycle.

     It is important to note that the do-while loop will execute its statements atleast once before any condition is
    checked, and therefore is an example of exit control loop.

    /*package whatever //do not write package name here */

    import java.io.*;
    class GFG {
    public static void main (String[] args) {
    int i=0;
    do
    {
    System.out.println(i);
    i++;
    }while(i<=10);
    }
    }
    Output
    0
    1
    2
    3
    4
    5
    6
    7
    8
    9
    10
    Java for loop
     In Java, for loop is similar to C and C++.
     for loop provides a concise way of writing the loop structure.
     It enables us to initialize the loop variable, check the condition, and increment/decrement in a single line of
    code, thereby providing a shorter, easy to debug structure of looping.
     We use the for loop only when we exactly know the number of times, we want to execute the block of
    code,

    Syntax:
    for (initialization condition; testing condition; increment/decrement)
    {
    statement(s)
    }
    It consists of four parts:

    1. Initialization: It is the initial condition which is executed once when the loop starts. Here, we can initialize
    the variable, or we can use an already initialized variable. It is an optional condition.
    2. Condition: It is the second condition which is executed each time to test the condition of the loop. It
    continues execution until the condition is false. It must return boolean value either true or false. It is an
    optional condition.
    3. Increment/Decrement: It increments or decrements the variable value. It is an optional condition.
    4. Statement: The statement of the loop is executed each time until the second condition is false.

    /*package whatever //do not write package name here */

    import java.io.*;

    class GFG {
    public static void main (String[] args) {
    for (int i=0;i<=10;i++)
    {
    System.out.println(i);
    }
    }
    }
    Output
    0
    1
    2
    3
    4
    5
    6
    7
    8

    9
    10

    Java for-each loop


     Java provides an enhanced for loop to traverse the data structures like array or collection.

     In the for-each loop, we don't need to update the loop variable.

     It works on the basis of elements and not the index.

     It returns element one by one in the defined variable.

     The syntax to use the for-each loop in java is given below.

    for(data_type var : array_name/collection_name)


    {
    //statements
    }

    1. //Java For-each loop example which prints the


    2. //elements of the array
    3. public class ForEachExample {
    4. public static void main(String[] args) {
    5. //Declaring an array
    6. int arr[]={12,23,44,56,78};
    7. //Printing array using for-each loop
    8. for(int i:arr){
    9. System.out.println(i);
    10. }
    11. }
    12. }
    Output:

    12
    23
    44
    56
    78

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