11/10/19

Environmental Sustainability : Role of Green

Technology

Presented by: Dr. Priti Mangrulkar

Assistant Prof. , Dept. Of Chemistry
Shri Ramdeobaba College of Engineering and Management
Email: mangrulkarpa@rknec.edu

Outline of the presentation

ü Concept of green technologies
ü Categories
ü Goals and significance, sustainability
ü Green energy and green chemistry,
ü Challenges to green technology,
ü Advantage and disadvantages of green processes,
ü Eco mark certification- its importance and
implementation

1
 11/10/19

What is Environmental Sustainability?

Environmental Sustainability is defined as responsible
interaction with the environment to avoid depletion or
degradation of natural resources and allow for long term
environmental quality.

The practice of environmental sustainability helps to ensure that

the needs of today’s population are met without jeopardizing the
ability of future generations to meet their needs.

What is Green technology?

Clean or green technology is the
improvement and application of equipment,
systems and products utilized to save the
natural environment and resources which
minimize and decrease the adverse effects
of human activities.
It satisfies following criteria:

1) It minimizes the deterioration of

environment.
2) It lowers GHG emissions .
3) It saves the use of natural resources and
energy
4) It enhances the use of renewables.

2
 11/10/19

Goals of Green technology…

ü Sustainability Goals

ü Product life Cycle Goals

ü Product Efficiency Goals

Goals of Green technology

Viability Innovation

Cradle to Sustainability Source

Cradle Reduction

3
 11/10/19

Goals of Green technology

The goals that inform developments in this rapidly growing field include:

Sustainability - meeting the needs of society in ways that can continue

indefinitely into the future without damaging or depleting natural resources. In
short, meeting present needs without compromising the ability of future
generations to meet their own needs.

"Cradle to cradle" design - ending the "cradle to grave" cycle of manufactured

products, by creating products that can be fully reclaimed or re-used.

Source reduction - reducing waste and pollution by changing patterns of

production and consumption.

Innovation - developing alternatives to technologies - whether fossil fuel or

chemical intensive agriculture - that have been demonstrated to damage health
and the environment.

Viability - creating a center of economic activity around technologies and products

that benefit the environment, speeding their implementation and creating new
careers that truly protect the planet.

Green Energy

Green
Buildings

Green
Chemistry
Green IT

4
 11/10/19

Green technology: Subject Areas…

v Green Energy
Perhaps the most urgent issue for green technology, this includes the
development of alternative fuels, new means of generating energy and energy
efficiency.
v Green building
Green building encompasses everything from the choice of building materials
to where a building is located.
v Environmentally preferred purchasing
This government innovation involves the search for products whose contents
and methods of production have the smallest possible impact on the
environment, and mandates that these be the preferred products for
government purchasing.
v Green chemistry
The invention, design and application of chemical products and processes to
reduce or to eliminate the use and generation of hazardous substances.
v Green nanotechnology
Nanotechnology involves the manipulation of materials at the scale of the
nanometer, one billionth of a meter. Some scientists believe that mastery of
this subject is forthcoming that will transform the way that everything in the
world is manufactured. "Green nanotechnology" is the application of green
chemistry and green engineering principles to this field.

Green Energy …
Renewable energy is energy that is collected from
renewable resources, which are naturally
replenished on a human timescale.

Green energy or renewable energy includes:

1) Sunlight 2) wind 3) Tidal 4) Geothermal heat.

Renewable energy often provides energy in four

important areas: electricity generation (solar panel),
air and water heating/cooling (Solar panels),
transportation(Bioethanol), and rural (off-grid)
energy services

5
 11/10/19

Why Green Energy?

CLEAN

INEXPENSIVE
VARIED

GOOD RENEWABLE

STABLE

6
 11/10/19

What is Green Energy?

Clean.
Green energy, which includes green electricity, is clean energy. This means it is
produced with little-to-no environmental impact and does not dispense
greenhouse gases into the air that contribute to global warming, the way fossil
fuels do.
Varied
Green energy sources include wind, geo-thermal, hydro, and solar energy. Wind
and hydro sources generate energy through the movement of air and water, while
geo-thermal and solar sources generate energy through heat. All, however,
provide reliable energy and protect the environment.
Renewable.
As stated above, green energy sources eliminate the emission of greenhouse
gases into the air. These sources are also renewable energy sources - meaning
they are not created from finite materials like fossil fuels.
Stable.
Green energy's varied forms mean more locations across the planet have the
potential to harvest this renewable energy. This means more energy can be
collected right , making the country less dependent on energy from foreign
countries.

What is Green Energy?

Inexpensive.

As the demand for green energy continues to grow, the price continues to drop
thanks to economics of scale.
Consider this: between the years 2010 and 2012 the costs associated with
producing energy from wind dropped by 20 percent, and prices have fallen by more
than 80 percent since 1980.

Right for You.

You've seen the environmental and economic benefits that come from turning your
home into a green home. The good news is, those benefits will increase as green
energy continues to gain popularity in the market. If you're ready to make the switch
to renewable energy, see what Direct Energy has to offer.

7
 11/10/19

Hydrogen Fuel Car…

Green Building …

8
 11/10/19

Green Buildings
Green building (also known as green construction or sustainable
building) refers to both a structure and the application of processes that
are environmentally responsible and resource-efficient throughout a
building's life-cycle from planning to design, construction, operation,
maintenance, renovation, and demolition.

The common objective of green buildings is to reduce the overall

impact of the built environment on human health and the natural
environment by:

ü Efficiently using energy, water, and other resources

ü Protecting occupant health and improving employee productivity
(see healthy building)
ü Reducing waste, pollution and environmental degradation.

Environmental benefits of Green Buildings

Improve and protect biodiversity and ecosystems

• Enhance air and water quality

• Diminish waste streams

• Conserve and retrieve natural resources

9
 11/10/19

Societal benefits of Green Buildings

ü Boost occupant wellness and easement

ü Elevate indoor air quality

ü Minimize strain on local utility infrastructure

ü Develop whole quality of life

Green Chemistry …

Green chemistry, also called sustainable chemistry, is an

area of chemistry and chemical engineering focused on the
designing of products and processes that minimize or
eliminate the use and generation of hazardous substances

10
 11/10/19

Green Chemistry …
In 1998, Paul Anastas (who then directed the Green Chemistry Program
at the US EPA) and John C. Warner (then of Polaroid Corporation)
published a set of principles to guide the practice of green chemistry.
The twelve principles address a range of ways to reduce the
environmental and health impacts of chemical production, and also
indicate research priorities for the development of green chemistry
technologies.
The principles cover such concepts as:
uthe design of processes to maximize the amount of raw material that
ends up in the product;
uthe use of renewable material feedstocks and energy sources;
uthe use of safe, environmentally benign substances, including
solvents, whenever possible;
uthe design of energy efficient processes;
uavoiding the production of waste, which is viewed as the ideal form
of waste management.

Green Chemistry

11
 11/10/19

12 principles of Green Chemistry

1. Prevention
It is better to prevent waste than to treat or clean up waste after it has been
created.
2. Atom Economy
Synthetic methods should be designed to maximize the incorporation of all
materials used in the process into the final product.
3. Less Hazardous Chemical Synthesis
Wherever practicable, synthetic methods should be designed to use and gen-
erate substances that possess little or no toxicity to people or the environment.
4. Designing Safer Chemicals
Chemical products should be designed to effect their desired function while
minimizing their toxicity.
5. Safer Solvents and Auxiliaries
The use of auxiliary substances (e.g., solvents or separation agents) should be
made unnecessary whenever possible and innocuous when used.
Catalytic reagents (as selective as possible) are superior to stoichiometric
reagents.

12 principles of Green Chemistry

6. Design for Energy Efficiency
Energy requirements of chemical processes should be recognised for their
environmental and economic impacts and should be minimized. If possible,
synthetic methods should be conducted at ambient temperature and pressure.
7. Use of Renewable Feedstocks
A raw material or feedstock should be renewable rather than depleting whenever
technically and economically practicable.
8. Reduce Derivatives
Unnecessary derivatization (use of blocking groups, protectiodde-protection,
and temporary modification of physicalkhemical processes) should be mini-
mized or avoided if possible, because such steps require additional reagents and
can generate waste.
9. Catalysis
Catalytic reagents (as selective as possible) are superior to stoichiometric
reagents.
10. Design for Degradation
Chemical products should be designed so that at the end of their function
theybreak down into innocuous degradation products and do not persist in the
environment.

12
 11/10/19

12 principles of Green Chemistry

11. Real-time Analysis for Pollution Prevention

Analytical methodologies need to be further developed to allow for real-
time, in-process monitoring and control prior to the formation of hazardous
substances.

12. Inherently Safer Chemistry for Accident Prevention

Substances and the form of a substance used in a chemical process should
be chosen to minimize the potential for chemical accidents, including
releases, explosions, and fires.

Eco mark.. Green IT…

To reduce the energy use, waste, and other
environmental impacts of IT systems
while reducing life cycle costs, thereby
improving competitive advantage

Learning to measure computer power

usage, minimize power usage, procure
sustainable hardware, design green data
centers, recycle computer equipment,
configure computers to minimize power,
use virtualization to reduce the number of
servers, and other green technologies.

Learning to make green IT an integral

part of organizational culture and
planning, to foster long term sustainable
information technology.

13
 11/10/19

Advantages of Green Processes and Technology

ü Does not release anything detrimental into the

atmosphere.

ü Brings economic profits to areas.

ü Needs less maintenance.

ü It is renewable and hence it is inexhaustible ( Will never

run out).

ü Slows the impact of global warming by reducing CO2

emissions.

Disadvantages of Green Processes and Technology

ü High implementing costs,

ü Lack of Information.

ü Lack of alternative chemical or raw materials input.

ü Lack of alternative processes.

ü Uncertainty about performance impacts .

ü Lack of human resources and skills

14
 11/10/19

Eco mark.. Eco mark …

Certifying agency BIS

Effective region India

Effective since 1991

Product category Various

Type of standard Quality Mark

Legal status Advisory

Eco mark.. Eco mark …

What is an Eco Mark?
The Eco Mark is a label given to an Environment Friendly Product. Household and
other consumer products which meet certain environmental criteria along with the
quality requirements of the Indian Standards Institute for that product may be
accredited and labelled under this scheme.

What is an Environment Friendly Product?

Any product which is made, used or disposed off in a way that significantly reduces
the harm it would otherwise cause the environment could be considered an
Environment Friendly Product.

Who issues the Eco Mark notifications?

The Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India, issues the Eco
Mark notifications.

What are the product categories covered under the Eco Mark scheme?
Sixteen product categories are covered under the Eco Mark scheme. They are soaps
and detergents, paper, food items, lubricating oils, packing materials, architectural
paints and electronic goods, food additives, wood substitutes, cosmetics, aerosol
propellants, plastic products, textiles, fire extinguisher and leather.

15
 11/10/19

Eco mark.. Eco mark …

Objectives of the Scheme:

The specific objectives of the scheme are as follow:

ü To provide an incentive for manufacturers and importers to reduce adverse

environmental impact of products.

ü To reward genuine initiatives by companies to reduce adverse environmental

impact of their products.

ü To assist consumers to become environmentally responsible in their daily lives

by providing information to take account of environmental factors in their
purchase decisions.

ü To encourage citizens to purchase products which have less harmful

environmental impacts

ü Ultimately to improve the quality of the environment and to encourage the

sustainable management of resources.

References…
https://study.com/academy/lesson/environmental-sustainability-definition-
and-application.html

https://www.green-technology.org/what.html

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green_building

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecomark

16
 11/10/19

Thank you...

17