Tutorial_2_Matrices
Tutorial_2_Matrices
Tutorial_2_Matrices
PH 201/204
Tutorial Sheet 2
e) If A is the matrix
1 1 1
A= 0 1 1
0 0 1
calculate A2 and A3 .
f) If A, B are square n × n matrices, then the traces of the products are given by
Tr{AB} =Tr{BA}. Show this for
1 −1 1 3 1 2
A= 2 4 1 , B = 1 1 0 .
3 0 1 −1 2 1
1
2. Find the inverse of A.B with
! !
−3 −5 5 3
A= , B= .
5 9 3 2
What are the possible sets of elements of A if the matrix is (i) diagonal and (ii) anti-
diagonal?
Are the matrices (i) real, (ii) diagonal, (iii) symmetric, (iv) antisymmetric, (v) singular,
(vi) orthogonal, (vii) Hermitian, (viii) anti-Hermitian, (ix) unitary, (x) normal?
2
8. A vector y is related to vector x by the equation
y = Kx
where K is a matrix.
For the case when
x and
y are
both3−dimensional
vectors,
it
1 1 0 0
is found that y = 0 when x = 2 , y = 1 when x = 1 , and
0 −2 0 3
0 1
y = 0 when x = −2 .
1 −5
Write down the inverse matrix K −1 and then calculate the matrix K.
10. Demonstrate that the determinant of a 3 × 3 matrix does not change if one of
the matrix rows is multiplied by a constant k and added to another row so that the
new matrix has two rows unchanged and one row replaced with the new elements. This
property is important in the solution of systems of linear equations.
A0 = RA
!
cos θ sin θ
where R is the (2 × 2) matrix, R = . By expressing x2 + y 2 and
− sin θ cos θ
x02 + y 02 in terms of A and A0 respectively show that x2 + y 2 = x02 + y 02 and hence find
the inverse, R−1 , of R.