Topic:

Musculoskeletal pain among doctors and nurses of Aziz Fatima Hospital, Faisalabad : A

comparative cross-sectional study.

Submitted To:

Prof. Dr. Humayun Suqrat

Professor and Head of Community Medicine Dept.

Supervised By:

Dr.Somayya Aziz

Demonstrator, Community Medicine

Department of Community Medicine

Aziz Fatimah Medical and Dental College
Faisalabad
 Research Group Members

Sr. No Names

1 Muneeba Iftikhar

2 Noor ul Ain

3 Usra

4 Ayman Mehmood

5 Abdullah Saeed

6 Muhammad Awais
 Table Of Contents

Sr. No Contents Page No.

1. Abstract

2. Introduction

3. Literature review

4. Objectives along with Operational Definitions

5. Methodology

6. Results

7. Discussion

8. Conclusions

9. Recommendations

10. References

11. Questionnaire
 List of Tables

Table No List of Tables Page No.

1. Gender

2. Age group

3. MBBS class

4. Current residence

5. Permanent residence

6. As per your research, add here

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

16.

17.

18.

19.
 ABSTRACT (250 words max)

OBJECTIVE: Muscular skeleton pain is measured public health concern. Research in occupational

safety and health health consistently shown are strong link between the physical factors and the

development of work related muscular skeleton pain. Aim of the study is to investigate the

frequency and distribution of muscular skeleton pain among doctors and nurses in Aziz Fatima

hospital.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: Comparative cross sectional study was conducted by taking a sample

size of 214. Questionnaire was handed over to each participant and collected them after 10

minutes. Statistical analysis was conducted on SPSS 20.

RESULTS: It was observed that overall prevalence was low among both professional nurses and

doctors during the past 12 months and past 3 months.

KEYWORDS:

Musculoskeletal pain, doctors,nurses,Aziz Fatima hospital

 INTRODUCTION

Work-related musculoskeletal pain constitutes a significant occupational health burden,

affecting individuals across various professions and industries. This results in debilitating

musculoskeletal pain, which leads to reduced productivity, absenteeism, and diminished

quality of life. Work-related musculoskeletal pain is a major public health concern,

necessitating effective prevention and intervention strategies to mitigate their impact on

workers and the healthcare system as a whole. 1 Research in occupational safety and health

has consistently shown a strong link between physical factors and the development of work-

related musculoskeletal pain. Studies have revealed a high prevalence of musculoskeletal

pain globally, with the highest rates observed in the neck, back, shoulder, wrist, and knee

regions.2 The healthcare profession is characterized by a high-risk work environment, where

caregivers are exposed to diverse patients, diseases, and treatment modalities. This complex

setting is marked by a multitude of biological, physical, and chemical hazards, which

collectively contribute to an elevated incidence of work-related musculoskeletal pain among

professionals. The demanding nature of patient care, combined with the physical and

ergonomic challenges of the job, creates an environment that puts healthcare professionals at

a higher risk of developing musculoskeletal pain.3 The healthcare industry is a labor-

intensive sector that employs a substantial proportion of the workforce in most countries.

Healthcare workers (HCWs) form a diverse and extensive workforce, encompassing doctors

and nurses who work in various settings, including hospitals, clinics, and community health

organizations. This diverse workforce is essential to delivering healthcare services, and their

well-being and safety are critical to maintaining quality care and public health. 4 This study

addresses a significant research gap by investigating the prioritization and impact of

musculoskeletal pain among healthcare workers, specifically nurses, and doctors. While

considering job-related characteristics and exposure duration, this research aims to

systematically assess how physical, biochemical, and ergonomic hazards contribute to back

pain, upper limb pain, and lower limb pain among healthcare professionals. By examining

the interplay between workers' characteristics and exposure time, this study seeks to provide

a comprehensive understanding of the impact on musculoskeletal pain.5

Well-defined by the WHO, work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs) represent

the most prevalent group of acquired dysfunctions or diseases among workers and

encompass a large array of degenerative and inflammatory conditions affecting blood

vessels and peripheral nerves to joints, ligaments, tendons, and muscles. WRMSDS, as we

have mentioned before can be a real issue in the modern world. After the cold, they are the

second leading reason for short-term or temporary incapacity to work. Health professionals

are among the most vulnerable category of workers for the development of musculoskeletal

disorders (MSDs) at work.6

Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are commonly described as pain, discomfort, and

numbness that primarily affect the joints, bones, and muscles of the spine or other body

areas leading to limitations in mobility, flexibility, and functional health. World Health

Organization (WHO) estimated that MSD sufferers were more than 1.71 billion worldwide. 7

Number of medical doctors per 10,000 populations WHO Global Health Observatory

(GHO) showed significant variation from country to country ranging from minimum in

India as 7.35, while it was maximum in UAE at 26.01 and France at; 32.74 Sweden at the

bottom among the selected countries with a count of 70.92.8

Surgery is physically demanding with lengthy periods of standing in static postures while

the surgeon and assistants maneuver their bodies to access the operative field. The operating

room represents one of the high-risk zones within hospitals where adverse outcomes may be

catastrophic9

Musculoskeletal disorders remain a staggering global health issue and a major financial

burden for low-resource settings like Ethiopia to which most of these costs are already

devoted for life-threatening diseases. A systematic review conducted in Ethiopia reported

the prevalence of musculoskeletal pain to be 35–74.5% among the working population10

In Ethiopia, there has been limited research on the extent and impact of work-related

musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSD) among healthcare providers, particularly those

working in operating rooms. Therefore, this study aims to explore potential alternatives and

provide improved solutions for managing WRMSD among healthcare professionals in these

settings. In Ethiopia, there has been limited research on the extent and impact of work-

related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSD) among healthcare providers, particularly those

working in operating rooms. Therefore, this study aims to explore potential alternatives and

provide improved solutions for managing WRMSD among healthcare professionals in these

settings.11 Specifically, if we talk about nurses the prevalence of MSDs has been estimated

from 40% to 90% worldwide.12

 LITERATURE REVIEW

Musculoskeletal disorders affect more than 80% of nursing professionals in Uganda with the

most commonly, affected site being the lower back.13

Research on MSD in France shows that surgeons and dentists presented the highest

prevalence of lower back (>60%), shoulder, and upper extremity (35–55%) MSDs. The

highest prevalence of MSDs in the lower limbs was found for nurses (>25%)14

In India, a total of 73.2% of participants had MSD in the last 12 months, Only 15.8% of

doctors and 24.7% of NOs took medical consultations for their musculoskeletal symptoms15

According to research in Douala, the overall prevalence rate of WRMSDs among healthcare

workers in Douala hospitals was high. The prevalence of WRMSDs is highest among MLS

and nurses and the most affected body parts are; the lower back, neck, and upper back16

The overall prevalence of MSDs was found to be 89.2%. Lower back pain was the most

common reported site of pain, accounting for 63.3% of cases. Females had a higher

prevalence of MSDs (95.0%) compared to males (77.5%) (p-value = 0.009). Midwives had

the highest prevalence (93.8%), followed by physiotherapists (87.5%) and general nurses

(84%)17

In India prevalence of Lower back pain (79%) followed by the right shoulder and neck

(67%) and knee pain (63%) was highest among female nurses in past 12 months. The

prevalence of MSD in past 12 months was highest in dentistry (81.25%), followed by

orthopedics (62.5%) and surgery (57.78%) department.18

 AIM/ OBJECTIVES OF STUDY

The objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of musculoskeletal pain among

nurses and doctors.

OPERATIONAL DEFINITIONS

Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) illustrate notable work realted problem among health

care professionals. It lowers the quality of healthcare professional's life, reduces the work

realted productivity , decreases the effectiveness of work and could result in a number of

detrimental consequences .This is the most adverse form of work disability.

 METHODOLOGY

SETTING: Aziz Fatima Hospital

DURATION OF STUDY: Duration of this study was 4 months after approval of

ERC

STUDY DESIGN: This was comparative cross-sectional study.

SAMPLING TECHNIQUE: The study tool was questionnaire. We took our

questionnaire from the article. Permission of using questionnaire was taken from

author by email.

SAMPLE SIZE with the formula:

Sample size of the study was 214 and it is collected by the following formula:

n= deff ×

SAMPLE SELECTION: The total population was 477 including 264 doctors and

213 nurses. After sampling strategy sample size included 118 doctors and 96 nurses.

We used probability proportion to determine our sample size. We did data collection

by using validate close ended questionnaire. Sample size of118 doctors and 96

nurses were selected. We went to hospital to ensure that each participant should take

part voluntarily. We handed over questionnaire to each participant and collected

them after 10 minutes. Statistical analysis was conducted on SPSS 20 by using Mean

± SD for descriptive continuous variables. Chi square test was used for comparison
of categorical data. We entered the data in SPSS and got the p value less than 0.5 as

significant

Inclusion criteria: Inclusion criteria was doctors and nurses without autoimmune

disorder and musculoskeletal trauma within one year.

Exclusion criteria: Exclusion criteria was doctors and nurses with any autoimmune

disorder and musculoskeletal trauma within one year

DATA ANALYSIS PLAN:

Statistical analysis will be conducted on SPSS 25 Software

Frequency and percentages were taken (gender etc).

P value was calculated. Less than 0.5 was taken as significant.

 RESULTS
Table No. 1: Neck pain during one year

Crosstab p value
worker Total
Doctor Nurse
Neck Both Count 42 19 61
pain
% within 35.6% 19.8% 28.5%
during
worker 0.011
one year
No Count 76 77 153
% within 64.4% 80.2% 71.5%
worker
Total Count 118 96 214
Table % within 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%
No. 2: worker

Shoulder pain during one year

Crosstab

worker Total
p
Doctor Nurse value

Shoulder pain Right Count 5 2 7

during one year
% within 4.2% 2.1% 3.3%
worker

Left Count 4 0 4
0.25
% within 3.4% 0.0% 1.9%
worker

Both Count 34 31 65

% within 28.8% 32.3% 30.4

worker %

No Count 75 63 138
 % within 63.6% 65.6% 64.5
worker %

Total Count 118 96 214

% within 100.0% 100.0% 100.0

worker %

Table No. 3 : Wrist pain during one year

Crosstab
worker Total p value
Doctor Nurse
Wrist Right Count 3 3 6
pain
during % within 2.5% 3.1% 2.8%
one worker
year Left Count 5 1 6
% within 4.2% 1.0% 2.8% 0.39
worker
Both Count 7 3 10
% within 5.9% 3.1% 4.7%
worker
No Count 103 89 192
% within 87.3% 92.7% 89.7%
worker
Total Count 118 96 214
% within 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%
worker
Table No. 4 : Elbow pain during one year
Crosstab

worker Total p value

Doctor Nurse

Elbow pain Right Count 1 2 3

during one
year % within 0.8% 2.1% 1.4%
worker

Left Count 0 1 1
0.38
% within 0.0% 1.1% 0.5%
worker

Both Count 6 2 8

% within 5.1% 2.1% 3.8%

worker

No Count 111 90 201

% within 94.1% 94.7% 94.4%

worker

Total Count 118 95 213

% within 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%

worker

Table No. 5 : Lower back pain during one year

Crosstab
worker Total p value
Doctor Nurse
Lower back Right Count 3 0 3
pain during % within 2.5% 0.0% 1.4%
one year worker
Left Count 0 3 3
% within 0.0% 3.1% 1.4%
worker
Both Count 61 19 80 0.00
% within 51.7% 19.8% 37.4%
worker
No Count 54 74 128
 % within 45.8% 77.1% 59.8%
worker
Total Count 118 96 214
% within 100.0% 100.0% 100.0
worker %

Table No. 6 : Upper back pain during one year

Crosstab
worker Total p value
Doctor Nurse
Upper back pain Both Count 20 3 23
during one year % within 16.9% 3.1% 10.7%
worker
No Count 98 93 191
% within 83.1% 96.9% 89.3% 0.001
worker
Total Count 118 96 214
% within 100.0% 100.0% 100.0
worker %

Table No. 7: Thigh and hip pain during one year

Cross tab
worker Total p value
Doctor Nurse
Thigh and Left Count 0 1 1
hip pain % within 0.0% 1.0% 0.5%
during one worker
year Both Count 11 5 16
% within 9.3% 5.2% 7.5%
worker 0.28
No Count 107 90 197
% within 90.7% 93.8% 92.1
worker %
Total Count 118 96 214
% within 100.0% 100.0% 100.0
worker %

Table No. 8: Knee pain during one year

Crosstab
worker Total p
Doctor Nurse value
Knee Right Count 1 2 3
pain % within 0.8% 2.1% 1.4%
during worker
one Left Count 1 1 2
year % within 0.8% 1.0% 0.9%
worker
Both Count 18 3 21 0.026
% within 15.3% 3.1% 9.8%
worker
No Count 98 90 188
% within 83.1% 93.8% 87.9
worker %
Total Count 118 96 214
% within 100.0% 100.0% 100.
worker 0%

Table No. 9: Ankle pain during one year

Crosstab
worker Total p value
Doctor Nurse
Ankle Right Count 1 0 1
pain % within 0.8% 0.0% 0.5%
during worker
one year Left Count 1 0 1
% within 0.8% 0.0% 0.5%
worker
Both Count 20 5 25 0.30
% within 16.9% 5.2% 11.7%
worker
No Count 96 91 187
% within 81.4% 94.8% 87.4%
worker
Total Count 118 96 214
% within 100.0% 100.0% 100.0
worker %

Table No. 10: Neck pain during 3 months

Crosstab
worker Total p value
Doctor Nurse
Neck Both Count 38 18 56
pain % within 67.8% 32.1% 26.1
during 3 worker %
months No Count 80 78 158
 % within 67.8% 81.3% 73.8 0.08
worker %
Total Count 118 96 214
% within 100.0% 100.0% 100.0
worker %

Table No. 11: Shoulder pain during 3 months

Crosstab
worker Total p value
Doctor Nurse
Shoulder Right Count 4 2 6
pain
% within 3.4% 2.1% 2.8%
during 3
worker
months
Left Count 4 0 4
% within 3.4% 0.0% 1.9%
worker
Both Count 32 25 57
% within 27.1% 26.0% 26.7% 0.325
worker
No Count 78 69 147
% within 66.1% 71.9% 68.7%
worker
Total Count 118 96 214
% within 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%
worker

Table No. 12: Wrist pain during 3 months

Crosstab
worker Total p value
Doctor Nurse
Wrist Right Count 2 2 4
pain % within 1.7% 2.1% 1.9%
during worker
3 Left Count 4 1 5
months % within 3.4% 1.0% 2.3%
worker
Both Count 6 3 9
% within 5.1% 3.1% 4.2% 0.601
worker
No Count 106 90 196
% within 89.8% 93.8% 91.6%
 worker
Total Count 118 96 214
% within 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%
worker

Table No. 13: Elbow pain during 3 months

Crosstab
worker Total p value
Doctor Nurse
Elbow Right Count 2 1 3
pain % within 1.7% 1.0% 1.4%
during 3 worker
months Left Count 0 1 1
% within 0.0% 1.0% 0.5%
worker
Both Count 5 1 6 0.339
% within 4.2% 1.0% 2.8%
worker
No Count 111 93 204
% within 94.1% 96.9% 95.3%
worker
Total Count 118 96 214
% within 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%
worker

Table No. 14: lower back pain during 3 months\

Crosstab
worker Total p value
Doctor Nurse
Lower Right Count 1 0 1
back pain % within 0.8% 0.0% 0.5%
during 3 worker
months Left Count 1 2 3
% within 0.8% 2.1% 1.4%
worker
Both Count 49 13 62 0.00
% within 41.5% 13.5% 29.0%
worker
No Count 67 81 148
% within 56.8% 84.4% 69.2%
worker
Total Count 118 96 214
% within 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%
worker

Table No. 15: Upper back pain during 3 months

Crosstab
worker Total p
Doctor Nurse value
Upper Both Count 19 2 21
back % within worker 16.1% 2.1% 9.8%
pain No Count 99 94 193
during 3 % within worker 83.9% 97.9% 90.2% 0.001
months
Total Count 118 96 214
% within worker 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%

Table No. 16: Thigh and hip pain during 3 months

Crosstab
worker Total p
Doctor Nurse value
Thigh and hip Left Count 1 2 3
pain during 3 % within 0.8% 2.1% 1.4%
months worker
Both Count 8 4 12
% within 6.8% 4.2% 5.6%
worker
No Count 109 90 199 0.540
% within 92.4% 93.8 93.0%
worker %
Total Count 118 96 214
% within 100.0 100.0 100.0
worker % % %

Table No. 17: Knee pain during 3 months

 Crosstab
worker Total p value
Doctor Nurse
Knee Right Count 0 3 3
pain % within 0.0% 3.1% 1.4%
during worker
3 Left Count 1 2 3
months % within 0.8% 2.1% 1.4%
worker
Both Count 16 5 21 0.044
% within 13.6% 5.2% 9.8%
worker
No Count 101 86 187
% within 85.6% 89.6% 87.4%
worker
Total Count 118 96 214
% within 100.0% 100.0% 100.0
worker %

Table No. 18: Ankles pain during 3 months

Crosstab
worker Total p value
Doctor Nurse
Ankles pain Right Count 1 0 1
during 3 % within 0.8% 0.0% 0.5%
months worker
Left Count 1 1 2
% within 0.8% 1.0% 0.9%
worker
Both Count 19 6 25 0.116
% within 16.1% 6.3% 11.7%
worker
No Count 97 89 186
% within 82.2% 92.7% 86.9%
worker
Total Count 118 96 214
% within 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%
worker

Table No. 19: Do you in your work have to lift or carry loads (5 kg)?
 Crosstab
worker Total p value
Doctor Nurse
Do you in Yes Count 16 21 37
your work % within 13.6% 21.9% 17.3%
have to lift or worker
carry loads No Count 102 75 177
(5 kg)? % within 86.4% 78.1% 82.7% 0.110
worker
Total Count 118 96 214
% within 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%
worker

Table No. 20: Do you have to work with your trunk in bent posture for long
period?
Crosstab
worker Total p
Doctor Nurse value
Do you have to Yes Count 48 56 104
work with your trunk % within 40.7% 58.3 48.6
in bent posture for worker % %
long period? No Count 70 40 110
% within 59.3% 41.7 51.4 0.01
worker % %
Total Count 118 96 214
% within 100.0 100.0 100.0
worker % % %

Table No. 21: Do you have to work with your neck n bent position for long
period?
Crosstab
worker Total p value
Doctor Nurse
Do you have Yes Count 65 66 131
to work with % within 55.1% 68.8% 61.2%
your neck worker
and bent No Count 53 30 83
position for % within 44.9% 31.3% 38.8% 0.041
long period? worker
Total Count 118 96 214
% within 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%
worker

Table No. 22: Do you have to work standing in same position for long period?

Crosstab
worker Total p value
Doctor Nurse
Do you have Yes Count 78 78 156 0.013
to work % within worker 66.1% 81.3% 72.9%
standing in No Count 40 18 58
same position % within worker 33.9% 18.8% 27.1%
for long
period?
Total Count 118 96 214
% within worker 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%

Table No. 23: Do you often have to work holding your wrist in same position for
long period?
Crosstab
worker Total p
Doctor Nurse value
Do you often have Yes Count 44 35 79
to work holding % within 37.3% 36.5 36.9
your wrist in same worker % %
position for long No Count 74 61 135 0.9
period? % within 62.7% 63.5 63.1
worker % %
Total Count 118 96 214
% within 100.0 100.0 100.0
worker % % %
Table No. 24: Do you often have to work while repeating the same movements
with your arms and hands for long period?
Crosstab
worker Total p value
Doctor Nurse
Do you often have Yes Count 68 64 132
to work while % within 57.6% 66.7% 61.7%
repeating the worker
same movements No Count 50 32 82
with your arms % within 42.4% 33.3% 38.3% 0.176
and hands for long worker
period?
Total Count 118 96 214
% within 100.0% 100.0 100.0%
worker %

Table No. 25: Do you often have to work while sitting position for long time?
Crosstab
worker Total p value
Doctor Nurse
Do you often Yes Count 68 43 111
have to work % within 57.6% 44.8% 51.9%
while sitting worker
position for No Count 50 53 103
long time? % within 42.4% 55.2% 48.1% 0.062
worker
Total Count 118 96 214
% within 100.0 100.0 100.0%
worker % %

Table No. 26: Do you often have to climb stairs several times a day?
Crosstab
worker Total p
Doctor Nurse value
Do you often have Yes Count 73 49 122 0.112
to climb stairs % within 61.9% 51.0 57.0
several times a worker % %
day? No Count 45 47 92
% within 38.1% 49.0 43.0
worker % %
Total Count 118 96 214
 % within 100.0 100.0 100.0
worker % % %

Table No. 27: Do you often have insufficient space to work?

Crosstab
worker Total p
Doctor Nurse value
Do you often have Yes Count 52 35 87 0.260
insufficient space to % within 44.1% 36.5 40.7
work? worker % %
No Count 66 61 127
% within 55.9% 63.5 59.3
worker % %
Total Count 118 96 214
% within 100.0 100.0 100.0
worker % % %

DISCUSSION
This study aims to find the prevalence of musculoskeletal pain among doctors and nurses of

the Aziz Fatima Medical and Dental College Faisalabad. For this process, the prevalence of

Musculoskeletal pain was identified during the past 1 year and followed by the past 3

months.

Additionally, the aim was to determine the region most commonly involved

In this study, the overall prevalence was low among both professional nurses and doctors

during the past 12 months and past 3 months. Still, comparatively, there was an increase in

Lower back pain followed by upper back pain and ankle pain among doctors during the past

12 and past 3 months.

Out of a total of 214 participants among which 118 are doctors and 96 are nurses the

prevalence of MSP was greater among doctors , out of which the most affected area is the

Lower back (54% and 43.1% ) during the last 12 months and 3 months respectively. Mostly

regions involved were mainly upper back, lower back, and ankle.

The reasons for the overall low overall prevalence of Musculoskeletal pain among both

professions might be due to the excellent administrative authority, Better health educational

practices, Better

availability of medical care to the doctors and nurses, social help, better methods for dealing

with stress

Accessibility of better social wellbeing, better occupational health services, friendly

environment of the workplace ( having short tea and lunch breaks from work), easy access

to resources (e.g., seats, movable work areas) and wellbeing commitment.

The prevalence of MSP might be low due to some limitations of the study like a small

sample size, lack of enough knowledge about Musculoskeletal pain, and selection bias

(more healthier and young doctors and nurses may be a part of the sample collection).

But, the overall prevalence of lower back pain among doctors was 43.1%(on the right side

0.8% left side 0.8%, and on both sides 41.5 %), the overall prevalence of Upper back pain

was 16.1%among doctors and 2.1%among doctors and of ankle pain was (14.4 %left side

0.8% and on both sides 13.6%)and (2.1% left side and on both sides 5.2%)among doctors

and nurses respectively. This was most likely due to the long-standing (66.1%), increasing

working hours, bad working and sitting posture, prolonged bending of the back (55%),

holding of heavy loads37.3%, long procedures, and sitting in the same posture for many

times19. In comparison with other studies around the world, this study's results show some

similarities and contradictions. These results were quite similar to the study conducted in

Ethiopia in which there was an increased prevalence of musculoskeletal pain in the Lower

back and wrist 20, this similarity in result was probably because of the same settings and use

of the Noncardiac scale and questionnaire that we were also using in this study.

A research study in Finland shows there was an increased prevalence of Musculoskeletal

pain among healthcare professionals which contradicts this study in which there was a low

prevalence of musculoskeletal pain .21

Surprisingly, this study's results were also contradicted by the results of a study in Ugenda,

in Ugenda study there was an increased prevalence of Musculoskeletal pain among nurses
13
which was mainly in public hospitals.
Our results are marginally different from to study of Ugenda might be due to differences in

their settings ,different population of participants,In study of Ugenda the nurses of both

private and public hospitals were included.

Of the many researches shows that there was high prevalence of neck pain among dental
22.
doctors A study in Saudia Arabia shows the highest prevalence of 84.5%of

Musculoskeletal pain among which the most prevalent area was the lower back 54.5 % .
23.
The study in Zimbabwe shows a high prevalence of musculoskeletal pain and the highest

prevalent area was the lower back(59.2%) and leg the results are similar to our study 24

To put it in a nutshell Overall literature review shows an increased prevalence of

musculoskeletal pain among doctors and nurses and the highly prevalent area was lower

pain this study was minutely different from others in that our study shows a decreased

prevalence of musculoskeletal pain among both doctors and nurses.

In our study the risk of lower back pain was decreased during the last 3 months by 43.1%

from that of the last 12 months by 54.2% some studies show this is probably due to the

increase or more work experience increasing the experience of decreasing the risk for the

Musculoskeletal pain or a back pain .24

This study shows a significant increase in lower back pain that can be reduced by merely

practicing posture correction techniques, positive attitude towards health-seeking behavior,

decreasing the burden of stress, avoiding lifting heavy loads, avoiding sitting and standing

in the same posture for so long, and by better ergonomic awareness.

 CONCLUSION

Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) illustrate notable work realted problem

among health care professionals. It lowers the quality of healthcare

professional's life, reduces the work realted productivity , decreases the

effectiveness of work and could result in a number of detrimental

consequences .This is the most adverse form of work disability.

This critical issue is needed to be addressed. For this purpose research is

essential to identify risk factors and to develop effective preventive

strategies.

The objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of musculoskeletal

pain among nurses and doctors.

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